System, method, and high-voltage test signal device for multifunctional testing of a high-voltage device

Abstract

The invention relates to a test system (10) for multifunctional testing of a high-voltage device (30), said test system comprising a high-voltage test signal device (200), a measuring device (160), and a control device (180). The high-voltage test signal device (200) can, under the control of the control device (180), be operated in a loss factor mode for loss factor testing of the high-voltage device and in an insulation resistance mode for insulation resistance testing of the high-voltage device, meaning that both types of testing can be performed using the same test system.

Description

2023411195   09 Sep 2026 for the DC voltage, whereby, in particular, the design of the test system can be simplified and / or its weight can be reduced. A second aspect of the invention relates to a high-voltage test signal device for a 5 multifunctional testing of a high-voltage device, wherein the high-voltage test signal device is designed as described above and is particularly suitable for use in a test system according to the invention of the type described above. A third aspect of the invention relates to a method for multifunctional testing of a high-voltage device, the method comprising the following steps performed automatically by a test system: - generating an AC voltage by the test system and applying the AC voltage to the high-voltage device, - detecting an AC electric current flowing across the high-voltage device as a result of the AC voltage, - determining a dissipation on the basis of the detected AC current, - generating a DC voltage by the test system and applying the DC voltage to the high-voltage device, - detecting a DC electric current flowing across the high-voltage device as a result of the DC voltage, and - determining a DC insulation resistance of the high-voltage device on the basis of the detected DC current and on the basis of the DC voltage. 10 A test system according to one of the exemplary embodiments of the invention can preferably be used to carry out the method. The possible advantages, embodiments, developments or variants of the respectively preceding aspects of the invention already mentioned above also 15 apply accordingly to the high-voltage test signal device according to the invention and to the method according to the invention. Further advantages, features and possible applications result from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments and / or from the figure. 2023411195   09 Sep 2026 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES In the following, the invention is described in greater detail by means of advantageous embodiment examples. 5 Fig. 1 shows here, partially schematically, a test system with a high-voltage test signal device according to one embodiment. Elements and / or components shown in Fig. 1 are not necessarily shown to scale. 10 Rather, depicted elements and / or components are reproduced in such a way that their function and / or purpose can be understood by a person skilled in the art. In this case, depicted connections and couplings between functional units and elements can also be implemented as indirect connections or couplings. In particular, data connections can be configured as wired or wireless, i.e. in 15 particular as a radio connection. For the sake of clarity, certain connections, such as electrical connections, for example to the power supply, may also not be shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EXAMPLE EMBODIMENTS 20 Fig. 1 shows a test system 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention for a multifunctional testing of a high-voltage device. Fig. 1 also shows the high-voltage device 30 to be tested. For testing, the high- 25 voltage device 30 is connected to the test system 10 - in particular via cabling (represented by dashed lines). The high-voltage device 30 has a primary side with a first primary terminal 31 and a second primary terminal 33 and a secondary side electrically isolated therefrom with a first secondary terminal 32 and a second secondary terminal 34. In alternative variants, the high-voltage device 30 has only 30 one primary terminal or only one secondary terminal or else additional terminals. In the following, an extended transmission ratio test as a testing of a voltage converter as a high-voltage device 30 is first described for some variants of an exemplary embodiment. Such a voltage converter is configured, in particular, to convert a primary-side high voltage into a lower secondary-side voltage and to 2023411195   09 Sep 2026 provide it as a measurement signal. Such an extended transmission ratio test can be, in particular, a so-called "power quality measurement", wherein a loaddependent and / or frequency-dependent transmission behaviour of the voltage converter is determined. 5 The test system is preferably designed in the form of a portable test device. In one exemplary embodiment, the test system 10 has a portable main unit 100 with a housing 140 and a portable additional unit with a separate housing 240. In this case, the portable additional unit is designed as a high-voltage test signal device 10   200 or has this in alternative variants. The main unit 100 has a measuring device 160, a control device 180, and a power amplifier device 102, each of which is arranged within the housing 140. Furthermore, the main unit 100 has a terminal assembly 120 arranged on the housing. The additional unit 200 or the high-voltage test signal device 200 has a high-voltage-capable signal source 270, a 15 rectifier device 250, a high-voltage sensor device 260, a current sensor device 292, a further voltage sensor device 296, switching means 280 automatically controllable by the control device 180, and first to fourth nodes 271-274, which are each arranged within the housing 240. Furthermore, the additional unit 200 or the high-voltage test signal device 200 has a terminal assembly 220 as well as a first 20 high-voltage terminal 231 and a second high-voltage terminal 232 as well as a first measuring terminal 236 and a second measuring terminal 237, which are each arranged on the housing 240. In this case, the main unit 100 and the additional unit 200 can be connected to one another via their terminal assemblies 120, 220 by means of a cable 20 or in some other way, wherein the cable 20 is a 25 component of the test system 10 in some variants and is not a component thereof in other variants. In addition, in some variants, the portable main unit 100 is configured, under control of the control device 180, to generate a control signal for a testing of the 30 high-voltage device and, by means of the power amplifier device 102, to generate a corresponding power signal, as well as to transmit the control signal and the power signal via the terminal assemblies 120, 220, and to receive a measurement signal, which represents or characterizes the detected currents and voltages, therethrough from the high-voltage test signal device 200. 2023411195   09 Sep 2026 In further alternative variants, the high-voltage test signal device 200 has the measuring device 160, the control device 180 and, if appropriate, the power amplifier device 102, while the terminal assembly 220 is not present, so that the 5 high-voltage test signal device 200 can carry out the multifunctional testing of the high-voltage device independently, that is to say in particular without the main unit 100, and is thus designed as a “stand-alone unit”. The power amplifier device 102 is configured to generate , under control of the 10 control device 180, power signals for testing, wherein the high-voltage capable signal source 270 has a high-voltage transformer and is configured to generate an AC voltage, which may have a higher effective voltage value than the power signal, from these power signals by means of the high-voltage transformer. In this case, the high-voltage-capable signal source 270 is configured to generate the AC 15 voltage between the first node 271 and the second node 272. In alternative variants, the high-voltage-capable signal source 270 is configured to generate such AC voltages without a transformer or at least without the high-voltage transformer, wherein in some variants thereof the power amplifier device 102 can be omitted. 20 The rectifier device 250 has a first input terminal 251 and a second input terminal 252. In this case, the high-voltage capable signal source 270 is also configured to rectify a voltage applied to the input terminals 251,252 - in particular AC voltage - by means of the rectifier device 250 and to provide it as a DC voltage between 25 the third node 273 and the fourth node 274. In some alternative variants, the high-voltage-capable signal source 270 is also configured to provide or generate the DC voltage in a different way, for example by means of a high-voltage-capable DC voltage source that is independent of the AC voltage or the high-voltage transformer. 30 The high-voltage sensor device 260 has a current sensor 262 and a series-connected high-voltage capacitor 264 with a determined capacitance for detecting an AC voltage applied between the first and second high-voltage terminals 231, 232. In this case, the measuring device 160 or the high-voltage sensor device 260 2023411195   09 Sep 2026 is configured to determine and detect the applied AC voltage based on the determined capacitance and a determined frequency of the AC voltage or a determined frequency spectrum or determined frequency components of the AC voltage and based on an (AC) current detected by means of the current sensor 5   262. In addition, the high-voltage sensor device 260 has a further current sensor 266 and a series-connected high-voltage resistor 268 with a determined resistance value for detecting a (DC) voltage applied between the third and fourth nodes 273, 274. In this case, the measuring device 160 or the high-voltage sensor device 260 is configured to detect the applied (DC) voltage based on the 10 determined resistance value and a (DC) current detected by means of the further current sensor 266. In this advantageous manner, the high voltages to be detected can be reduced to lower voltages and corresponding currents, as a result of which, in particular, their detection can be simplified and / or made safer. In alternative variants, the applied AC voltage can also be detected by means of 15 the further current sensor 266 and the high-voltage resistor 268. In yet further variants, the high-voltage sensor device 260 is configured to detect the applied AC voltage and / or the applied DC voltage in another way, for example by means of an opto-electrical effect. The current sensor device 292 is electrically connected to the second high-voltage terminal 232 and configured to detect an electric 20 current flowing therethrough. The further voltage sensor device 296 is electrically connected to the first measuring terminal 236 and the second measuring terminal 237 and is configured to detect a voltage applied therebetween. The high-voltage test signal device 200 can be operated at least in a dissipation 25 mode for a dissipation testing of the high-voltage device 30, in an insulation resistance mode for an insulation resistance test of the high-voltage device 30, and in an extended transformation ratio mode for an extended transformation ratio test of the high-voltage device 30 - that is, in particular for a “power quality measurement” -, thereby enabling in particular a multifunctional testing of the 30 high-voltage device. In some advantageous variants, the high-voltage test signal device 200 is also operable in a magnetization current mode to determine a magnetization current of the high-voltage device. 2023411195   09 Sep 2026 For the extended transmission ratio testing, the first primary terminal 31 is to be connected to the first high-voltage terminal 231 and the second primary terminal 33 to be connected to the second high-voltage terminal 232, and the first secondary terminal 32 is to be connected to the first measuring terminal 236 and 5 the second secondary terminal 34 is to be connected to the second measuring terminal 237. For the extended transmission ratio test, the control device 180 is configured to operate the high-voltage test signal device 200 in the extended transmission ratio mode and to generate a power signal by means of the power amplifier device 102, which power signal causes the high-voltage-capable signal 10 source 270, which is fed with the power signal, to generate an AC voltage by means of the high-voltage transformer, which AC voltage has at least two frequency components with different root mean square values. In this case, the control device 180 can also be configured to perform a so-called "frequency sweep", i.e. a sequence of frequencies over a predetermined frequency range. In 15 the extended transmission ratio mode, the high-voltage test signal device 200, as shown in Fig. 1, is configured, under control of the control device 180 by means of the switching means 280, to electrically releasably connect the first node 271 to the first high-voltage terminal 231 and the second node 272 to the second high-voltage terminal 232 and, at least in some variants, to electrically disconnect the 20 first and second input terminals 251, 252 from the first and second nodes 271, 272 and the third and fourth nodes 273, 274 from the first and second high-voltage terminals 231, 232. Furthermore, the main unit 100 and / or the control device 180 is configured in the extended transmission ratio mode to receive a measurement signal that characterizes the voltage detected by the high-voltage 25 sensor device 260 and the voltage detected by the further voltage sensor device 296, and based on this, to determine, by means of the measuring device 160, a characteristic diagram of transmission ratios between the primary-side and the secondary-side voltage as a function of the frequency components and their root mean square values. 30 While in the extended transmission ratio mode, in particular a transmission behaviour and thus a transmission ratio is determined at a simultaneous load with different frequencies and possibly different amplitudes, in some variants, the high-voltage test signal device 200 can also be operated in a (simple) transmission 2023411195   09 Sep 2026 ratio mode, wherein for a (simple) transmission ratio test, the transmission behaviour and thus the transmission ratio is determined in each case for one frequency - and in some variants thereof successively in time over a plurality of frequencies, i.e. in particular as a so-called “frequency sweep”. 5 For both dissipation testing and insulation resistance testing, the primary terminals 31, 33 are to be connected to the first high-voltage terminal 231 and the secondary terminals 32, 34 are to be connected to the second high-voltage terminal 232 (not shown in Fig. 1 for the sake of clarity). 10 The control device 180 is configured to operate the high-voltage test signal device 200 in the dissipation mode for the dissipation testing, so that the electrical connections established / released by means of the switching means 280 correspond to those with regard to the extended transformation ratio mode, and to 15 generate such a power signal by means of the power amplifier device 102 that the high-voltage-capable signal source 270 fed with this power signal causes the desired AC voltage to be generated by means of the high-voltage transformer. Furthermore, in the dissipation mode, the main unit 100 and / or the control device 180 is configured to receive a measurement signal that characterizes the AC 20 current detected by the current sensor device 292 and possibly an AC voltage detected by the high-voltage sensor device 260 or a phase position of the detected AC current with respect to the applied or detected AC voltage, and to determine a dissipation of the high-voltage device 30 based on this by means of the measuring device 160. 25 For the insulation resistance test, the control device 180 is configured to operate the high-voltage test signal device 200 in the insulation resistance mode, in which it is configured, under control of the control device 180 by means of the switching means 280, to electrically disconnect the first and second nodes 271, 272 from 30 the first and second high-voltage terminals 231, 232, respectively, and to electrically releasably connect the first input terminal 251 to the first node 271 and the second input terminal 252 to the second node 272, and to electrically releasably connect the third node 273 to the first high-voltage terminal 231 and the fourth node 274 to the second high-voltage terminal 232. In addition, in the 2023411195   09 Sep 2026 insulation resistance mode, the main unit 100 and / or the control device 180 is configured to generate such a power signal by means of the power amplifier device 102 that causes the high-voltage-capable signal source 270, which is fed with the power signal, to first generate an AC voltage by means of the high- 5 voltage transformer, rectify it by means of the rectifier device 250, and thus make it available as the DC voltage, for example in accordance with the root mean square value of the AC voltage during the dissipation mode or during the extended transmission method mode. Furthermore, in the insulation resistance mode, the main unit 100 and / or the control device 180 is configured to receive a 10 measurement signal that characterizes the current detected by the current sensor device 292 and the voltage detected by the high-voltage sensor device 260 and, based on this, to determine a DC voltage insulation resistance of the high-voltage device 30 by means of the measuring device 160. 15 The high-voltage test signal device 200 may further be designed to operate in a magnetization current mode for a magnetization current testing, wherein the high-voltage test signal device in this mode applies the AC voltage to both high-voltage terminals 231, 232 and thus to an inductance of the high-voltage device 30, which has a magnetizable core. The control device 180 controls the high-voltage test 20 signal device 200 in order to operate it in the magnetization current mode and to determine a magnetization current for the detected voltage by means of the measuring device 160 on the basis of the current detected by the current sensor device 292 and on the basis of the voltage detected by the high-voltage sensor device 260. 25 In some advantageous variants for a multi-phase high-voltage device, the high-voltage test signal device 200 has further channels with further high-voltage terminals and / or further measuring terminals for the plurality of phases of the high-voltage device, so that a multi-phase testing - such as the insulation resistance 30 and the dissipation - can be carried out without changing the cabling and thus more efficiently and / or more reliably. While exemplary embodiments have been described in detail, in particular with reference to the figure, it should be noted that the exemplary embodiments are 2023411195   09 Sep 2026 merely examples that are not intended to limit the scope of protection, the application and the structure in any way. Rather, the preceding description gives the person skilled in the art a guideline for the implementation of at least one exemplary embodiment, wherein various modifications, in particular alternative or 5 additional features and / or modifications of the function and / or arrangements of the described components, can be carried out at the request of the person skilled in the art, without departing from the subject matter specified in the appended claims and its legal equivalents and / or departing from their scope of protection.

Claims

1. Test system for a multifunctional testing of a high-voltage device, which has a primary side and a secondary side electrically insulated therefrom, wherein the test system has a high-voltage test signal device, a measuring device and a control device,wherein the high-voltage test signal device has:a high-voltage-capable signal source configured to generate an AC voltage and a DC voltage,a high-voltage terminal for connecting the high-voltage device,a current sensor device configured to detect an electric current flowing across the high-voltage terminal, anda high-voltage sensor device configured to detect an electrical voltage applied to the high-voltage terminal,wherein the high-voltage test signal device is operable in a dissipation mode for a dissipation testing of the high-voltage device and in an insulation resistance mode for an insulation resistance test of the high-voltage device, wherein the high-voltage test signal device is configured to apply to the high-voltage terminal in the dissipation mode the AC voltage and in the insulation resistance mode the DC voltage, andwherein the control device is configured:- to operate the high-voltage test signal device in the dissipation mode for the dissipation testing and to determine a dissipation of the high-voltage device by means of the measuring device on the basis of the current detected by the current sensor device, and- to operate the high-voltage test signal device in the insulation resistance mode for the insulation resistance test and to determine a DC voltage insulation resistance of the high-voltage device by means of the measuring device on the basis of the current detected by the current sensor device and on the basis of the voltage detected by the high-voltage sensor device, wherein the high-voltage capable signal source comprises a high-voltage transformer for generating the AC voltage,2023411195   09 Sep 2026wherein the high-voltage test signal device has switching means automatically controllable by the control device and a rectifier device with a first and a second input terminal,wherein the high-voltage capable signal source is configured to generate the AC voltage between a first and a second node and / or rectify the AC voltage by means of the rectifier device and provide it as the DC voltage between a third and a fourth node, andwherein the control device is configured:- for dissipation testing by means of the controllable switching means, to electrically releasably connect the first node to a first high-voltage terminal of the test system and the second node to a second high-voltage terminal of the test system and electrically disconnect the first and second input terminals of the rectifier device from the first and second nodes and electrically disconnect the third and fourth nodes from the first and second high-voltage terminals, and- for insulation resistance testing by means of the controllable switching means, to electrically disconnect the first and second nodes from the first and second high-voltage terminals, respectively, and to electrically releasably connect the first input terminal of the rectifier device to the first node and the second input terminal of the rectifier device to the second node, and to electrically releasably connect the third node to the first high-voltage terminal and the fourth node to the second high-voltage terminal.

2. Test system according to claim 1, wherein the high-voltage sensor device for detecting an AC voltage applied to the high-voltage terminal comprises a current sensor and a series-connected high-voltage capacitor having a determined capacitance.

3. Test system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the high-voltage test signal device has a measuring terminal and a further voltage sensor device configured to detect an electrical voltage applied to the measuring terminal,wherein the high-voltage test signal device is operable in a transmission ratio mode for a transmission ratio test of the high-voltage device, for which the primary side of the high-voltage device is to be connected to the high-voltage2023411195   09 Sep 2026terminal and the secondary side of the high-voltage device is to be connected to the measuring terminal,wherein the high-voltage test signal device is configured to generate in the transformation ratio mode the AC voltage by means of the high-voltage-capable signal source and apply it to the high-voltage terminal, andwherein the control device is configured to operate the high-voltage test signal device in the transmission ratio mode for the transmission ratio test and to determine a transmission ratio of the high-voltage device by means of the measuring device on the basis of the voltage detected by the high-voltage sensor device and on the basis of the voltage detected by the further voltage sensor device, which voltage is applied to the secondary side of the high-voltage device and thus to the measuring terminal as a result of the AC voltage applied to the primary side of the high-voltage device.

4. Test system according to claim 3,wherein the high-voltage device is a voltage converter,wherein the high-voltage test signal device is further operable in an extended transmission ratio mode, andwherein the control device is configured to operate the high-voltage test signal device in the extended transmission ratio mode for an extended transmission ratio test, in order to cause the high-voltage test signal device to generate an AC voltage by means of the high-voltage-capable signal source, which has at least two frequency components with different root mean square values, and to determine a characteristic diagram of transmission ratios of the high-voltage device as a function of the frequency components and their root mean square values by means of the measuring device on the basis of the voltage detected by the high-voltage sensor device and on the basis of the voltage detected by the further voltage sensor device.

5. Test system according to any one of the preceding claims,wherein high-voltage device has an inductance with a magnetizable core, wherein the high-voltage test signal device is further operable in a magnetization current mode for magnetization current testing, wherein the high-voltage test signal device is configured to apply the AC voltage to the high-voltage2023411195   09 Sep 2026terminal and thus to the inductance of the high-voltage device in the magnetization current mode, andwherein the control device is configured to operate the high-voltage test signal device in the magnetization current mode for the magnetization current testing and to determine a magnetization current for the detected voltage by means of the measuring device on the basis of the current detected by the current sensor device and on the basis of the voltage detected by the high-voltage sensor device.

6. Test system according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the test system is designed with the high-voltage test signal device, the measuring device, and the control device in the form of a portable test device.

7. Test system according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising:a portable main unit with a housing and a terminal assembly arranged thereon, anda portable additional unit with a separate housing and a terminal assembly arranged thereon,wherein the portable main unit comprises the measuring device, the control device and a power amplifier device for generating a power signal,wherein the portable additional unit has the high-voltage test signal device and the portable main unit and the portable additional unit are connectable to each other via their terminal assemblies, andwherein the portable main unit is configured to generate, under control of the control device, a control signal for a testing of the high-voltage device and, by means of the power amplifier device, a corresponding power signal and to transmit it via the terminal assemblies, as well as to receive a measurement signal, which designates the detected currents and voltages, via the terminal assemblies from the high-voltage test signal device.

8. Method for a multifunctional testing of a high-voltage device with the aid of a test system,2023411195   09 Sep 2026wherein the high-voltage device has a primary side and a secondary side electrically insulated therefrom and the high-voltage device is connected to the test system for carrying out the testing, andwherein the method comprises the following steps performed automatically by the test system:- generating an AC voltage by the test system and applying the AC voltage to the high-voltage device,- detecting an AC electric current flowing across the high-voltage device as a result of the AC voltage,- determining a dissipation on the basis of the detected AC current,- generating a DC voltage by the test system and applying the DC voltage to the high-voltage device,- detecting a DC electric current flowing across the high-voltage device as a result of the DC voltage, and- determining a DC voltage insulation resistance of the high-voltage device on the basis of the detected DC current and on the basis of the DC voltage, wherein the method is performed with the test system according to any one of claims 1-7.

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