Process and apparatus for combusting hydrogen

Abstract

There is provided a system for producing heat energy comprising: an electrolyzer for effecting electrolysis of water to produce an electrolysis product material including gaseous molecular hydrogen, and a furnace, fluidly coupled to the electrolyzer for receiving the gaseous molecular hydrogen of at least the electrolysis product material, and configured for combusting the received gaseous molecular hydrogen. 20 24 20 19 57 26 M ar 2 02 4 2 0 2 4 2 0 1 9 5 7 2 6 M a r 2 0 2 4

Description

FIELD

[001] The present disclosure relates to heat exchanger systems for generating heat for heating fluids, such as air, by combusting gaseous molecular hydrogen. BACKGROUND

[002] Existing heat exchanger systems, such as furnaces, typically rely on hydrocarbon materials as a combustible fuel for generating the desired heat energy. Hydrocarbon-based fuels are typically expensive. Also, combustion of hydrocarbon fuels generates carbon dioxide which is detrimental to the environment. SUMMARY

[003] In one aspect, there is provided a system for producing heat energy comprising a source of fuel-comprising gaseous material, wherein the fuel-comprising gaseous material includes gaseous molecular hydrogen; an igniter for effecting ignition of reaction zone material within a reaction zone; and an eductor fluidly coupled to the source of the fuel-comprising gaseous material; wherein the source of fuel-comprising gaseous material, the eductor, the igniter, and the reaction zone are co-operatively configured such that, while a motive fluid is being flowed through the eductor: flow of the fuel-comprising material is induced by the flow of motive fluid, in response to the venturi effect, with effect that the induced flow of the fuel-comprising material and the motive fluid are combined such that a combined fluid material is obtained; a reaction zone supply is supplied to the reaction zone, such that the reaction zone material, within the reaction zone, is obtained, wherein the reaction zone supply includes at least the gaseous molecular hydrogen of the combined fluid material; in response to ignition of the reaction zone material within the reaction zone by the igniter, the reaction zone material is converted to reaction products via a reactive process, such that a post-reactive process gaseous material is produced, wherein the post-reactive process gaseous material includes the reaction products; the reactive process includes combustion of the gaseous molecular hydrogen; and the reactive process produces heat energy which heats the post-reactive process gaseous material such that a heated post-reactive process gaseous material is produced. 2024201957   26 Mar 2024

[004] In another aspect, there is provided a system for producing heat energy comprising a source of gaseous molecular hydrogen; a manifold fluidly coupled to the source; a nozzle for discharging gaseous material feed which is received by the manifold; wherein the nozzle defines a maximum cross-sectional flow area of less than 3.14 X 10-6 square inches; and an igniter for effecting ignition of reaction zone material within a reaction zone; wherein: the source, the manifold, the nozzle, the igniter, and the reaction zone are co-operatively configured such that, while: (i) the gaseous material feed, including the gaseous molecular hydrogen of the source, is being received by the manifold and discharged via the nozzle to the reaction zone, and (ii) oxidant is also being supplied to the reaction zone, such that the reaction zone material, within the reaction zone, is obtained and includes the gaseous molecular hydrogen and the oxidant: in response to ignition of the reaction zone material within the reaction zone by the igniter, the reaction zone material is converted to reaction products via a reactive process, such that a post-reactive process gaseous material is produced, wherein the post-reactive process gaseous material includes the reaction products; the reactive process includes combustion of the gaseous molecular hydrogen effected by the oxidant; and the reactive process produces heat energy which heats the post-reactive process gaseous material such that a heated post-reactive process gaseous material is produced.

[005] In another aspect, there is provided a system for producing heat energy comprising a source of gaseous molecular hydrogen; a manifold fluidly coupled to the gaseous molecular hydrogen source for receiving the gaseous molecular hydrogen; a nozzle for discharging the received gaseous molecular hydrogen; an igniter for effecting ignition of reaction zone material within a reaction zone and a flame arrestor, disposed between the manifold and the source of gaseous molecular hydrogen, for mitigating flashback from the reaction zone; wherein the source of gaseous molecular hydrogen, the manifold, the nozzle, the igniter, and the reaction zone are cooperatively configured such that, while: (i) the gaseous molecular hydrogen is being received by the manifold and discharged via the nozzle to the reaction zone, and (ii) oxidant is also being supplied to the reaction zone, such that the reaction zone material includes the gaseous molecular hydrogen and the oxidant: in response to ignition of the reaction zone material within the reaction zone by the igniter, the reaction zone material is converted to reaction products via a reactive process, such that a post-reactive process gaseous material is produced, wherein the post-reactive process gaseous material includes the reaction products; the reactive process includes combustion 2024201957   26 Mar 2024 of the gaseous molecular hydrogen effected by the oxidant; and the reactive process produces heat energy which heats the post-reactive process gaseous material such that a heated post-reactive process gaseous material is produced.

[006] In another aspect, there is provided a process for heating ambient air, comprising electrolyzing water, with effect that gaseous molecular hydrogen is produced; emplacing reaction zone material within a reaction zone, wherein the reaction zone material includes the produced gaseous molecular hydrogen and an oxidant; igniting the reaction zone material combined fluid material, with effect that the reaction zone material is converted to reaction products via a reactive process, such that a post-reactive process gaseous material is produced; wherein the reactive process includes combustion of the gaseous molecular hydrogen effected by the oxidant; the reaction products include water vapour; the reactive process produces heat energy which heats the post-reactive process gaseous material such that a heated post-reactive process gaseous material is produced for heating of ambient air; and the heated post-reactive process gaseous material includes the reaction products; condensing the water vapour such that liquid water is obtained; wherein the electrolyzing includes electrolyzing of the liquid water that is obtained from the condensing.

[007] In another aspect, there is provided a process for heating ambient air, comprising: producing gaseous molecular hydrogen via electrolysis with water; combining the produced gaseous molecular hydrogen with adscititious oxidant to produce a combined fluid material; igniting the combined fluid material, with effect that the combined fluid material is converted to reaction products via a reactive process, such that a post-reactive process gaseous material is produced; wherein the post-reactive process gaseous material includes the reaction products; the reactive process includes combustion of the gaseous molecular hydrogen effected by the oxidant of the motive fluid; and the reactive process produces heat energy which heats the post-reactive process gaseous material such that a heated post-reactive process gaseous material is produced; and emplacing the heated post-reactive process gaseous material in indirect heat transfer communication with ambient air.

[008] In another aspect, there is provided a kit of components for retrofitting a furnace that includes a conventional burner assembly and a heat exchanger, comprising an electrolyzer for 2024201957   25 May 2026 effecting electrolysis of water to produce an electrolysis product material including gaseous molecular hydrogen; a gaseous hydrogen-compatible burner assembly, including a fluid conductor for receiving and conducting a reaction zone supply to a reaction zone such that a reaction zone material, within the reaction zone, is obtained, and an igniter for igniting the reaction zone material disposed within the reaction zone; wherein the electrolyzer, the gaseous hydrogen-compatible burner assembly, and the heat exchanger are co-operatively configured such that while: (i) the gaseous hydrogen-compatible burner assembly is replacing the conventional burner assembly, (ii) the gaseous hydrogen-compatible burner assembly is receiving a reaction zone supply; (iii) the electrolysis product material is being produced by the electrolyzer, and (iv) the gaseous hydrogencompatible burner assembly is fluidly coupled to the electrolyzer, such that the received reaction zone supply includes at least the gaseous molecular hydrogen of the electrolysis product; the received reaction zone supply is conducted to the reaction zone, such that the reaction zone material includes the gaseous molecular hydrogen; in response to ignition of the reaction zone material within the reaction zone by the igniter, the reaction zone material is converted to reaction products via a reactive process that includes combustion of the gaseous molecular hydrogen, such that a post-reactive process gaseous material is produced, wherein the post-reactive process gaseous material includes the reaction products; the reactive process produces heat energy which heats the post-reactive process gaseous material such that a heated post-reactive process gaseous material is produced; and the heated post-reactive process gaseous material becomes disposed in heat transfer communication with the heat exchanger.

[009] In another aspect, there is provided a system for producing heat energy comprising:an electrolyzer for effecting electrolysis of water to produce an electrolysis product material including gaseous molecular hydrogen, and a furnace, fluidly coupled to the electrolyzer for receiving the gaseous molecular hydrogen of at least the electrolysis product material, and configured for combusting the received gaseous molecular hydrogen. [009a] In particular aspects, there is provided: A. A system for producing heat energy comprising a source of gaseous molecular hydrogen; a manifold fluidly coupled to the source; 2024201957   25 May 2026 a nozzle for discharging gaseous material feed which is received by the manifold; an igniter for effecting ignition of reaction zone material within a reaction zone; a heat exchanger; and a fan for drawing air across the heat exchanger; wherein: the nozzle defines a maximum cross-sectional flow area of less than 3.14 X 10-6 square inches, for mitigating flashback from the reaction zone; the source, the manifold, the nozzle, the igniter, the reaction zone, the heat exchanger, and the fan are co-operatively configured such that, while: (i) the gaseous material feed, including the gaseous molecular hydrogen of the source, is being received by the manifold and discharged via the nozzle to the reaction zone, and (ii) oxidant is also being supplied to the reaction zone, such that the reaction zone material, within the reaction zone, is obtained and includes the gaseous molecular hydrogen and the oxidant: in response to ignition of the reaction zone material within the reaction zone by the igniter, the reaction zone material is converted to reaction products via a reactive process, such that a postreactive process gaseous material is produced, wherein the post-reactive process gaseous material includes the reaction products; the reactive process includes combustion of the gaseous molecular hydrogen effected by the oxidant; the reactive process produces heat energy which heats the post-reactive process gaseous material such that a heated post-reactive process gaseous material is produced; the heated post-reactive process gaseous material becomes disposed in heat transfer communication with the heat exchanger; and air is drawn across the heat exchanger by the fan, with effect that the air is disposed in indirect heat transfer with the heated post-reactive process gaseous material via the heat exchanger for heating the air. B. A system for producing heat energy comprising: a source of gaseous molecular hydrogen; an eductor fluidly coupled to the gaseous molecular hydrogen source for receiving the gaseous molecular hydrogen, the eductor configured to discharge gaseous molecular hydrogen in response to the venturi effect, wherein the pressure of the discharged gaseous 2024201957   25 May 2026 molecular hydrogen is greater than the pressure of the gaseous molecular hydrogen that is received by the eductor; a manifold fluidly coupled to the eductor for receiving a flow of the gaseous molecular hydrogen discharged from the eductor, the flow of the gaseous molecular hydrogen being urged by the pressure of the discharged gaseous molecular hydrogen; a nozzle for discharging the gaseous molecular hydrogen received by the manifold; an igniter for effecting ignition of reaction zone material within a reaction zone; a flame arrestor, disposed between the manifold and the source of gaseous molecular hydrogen, for mitigating flashback from the reaction zone; a heat exchanger; and a fan for drawing air across the heat exchanger; wherein: the source of gaseous molecular hydrogen, the eductor, the manifold, the nozzle, the igniter, the reaction zone, the heat exchanger, and the fan are co-operatively configured such that, while: (i) the gaseous molecular hydrogen that is discharged from the eductor is being received by the manifold, the receiving effectuated by flowing of the gaseous molecular hydrogen from the eductor to the manifold that is urged by the pressure of the gaseous molecular hydrogen that is discharged from the eductor, and discharged via the nozzle to the reaction zone, and (ii) oxidant is also being supplied to the reaction zone, such that the reaction zone material includes the gaseous molecular hydrogen and the oxidant: in response to ignition of the reaction zone material within the reaction zone by the igniter, the reaction zone material is converted to reaction products via a reactive process, such that a postreactive process gaseous material is produced, wherein the post-reactive process gaseous material includes the reaction products; the reactive process includes combustion of the gaseous molecular hydrogen effected by the oxidant; the reactive process produces heat energy which heats the post-reactive process gaseous material such that a heated post-reactive process gaseous material is produced; the heated post-reactive process gaseous material becomes disposed in heat transfer communication with the heat exchanger; and 2024201957   25 May 2026 air is drawn across the heat exchanger by the fan, with effect that the air is disposed in indirect heat transfer with the heated post-reactive process gaseous material via the heat exchanger for heating the air. C. A process for heating ambient air, comprising: electrolyzing water, with effect that gaseous molecular hydrogen is produced; emplacing reaction zone material within a reaction zone, wherein the reaction zone material includes the produced gaseous molecular hydrogen and an oxidant; igniting the reaction zone material, with effect that the reaction zone material is converted to reaction products via a reactive process, such that a post-reactive process gaseous material is produced; wherein: the reactive process includes combustion of the gaseous molecular hydrogen effected by the oxidant; the reaction products include water vapour; the reactive process produces heat energy which heats the post-reactive process gaseous material such that a heated post-reactive process gaseous material is produced for heating of ambient air; and the heated post-reactive process gaseous material includes the reaction products; disposing the heated post-reactive process gaseous material in heat transfer communication with a heat exchanger; drawing air across the heat exchanger with a fan, with effect that the air is disposed in indirect heat transfer with the heated post-reactive process gaseous material via the heat exchanger for heating the air, and the heating of the air with the heated post-reactive process gaseous material via indirect heat transfer is with effect that the water vapour of the reaction products is condensed, such that liquid water is obtained; wherein the electrolyzing includes electrolyzing of the liquid water that is obtained from the condensing of the water vapour of the reaction products. D. A kit of components for retrofitting a furnace, the furnace including a conventional burner assembly, a heat exchanger, and a fan, the kit comprising: 2024201957   25 May 2026 an electrolyzer for effecting electrolysis of water to produce an electrolysis product material including gaseous molecular hydrogen; an eductor, configured to: fluidly couple to the electrolyzer for receiving at least the gaseous molecular hydrogen of the electrolysis product material; and receive a flow of motive fluid through the eductor such that flow of at least the gaseous molecular hydrogen, of the electrolysis product material, is induced by the flow of motive fluid, in response to the venturi effect, with effect that the motive fluid and the induced flow of at least the gaseous molecular hydrogen are combined such that a combined fluid material is obtained and includes the gaseous molecular hydrogen of the electrolysis product material, the combined fluid material disposed at a pressure that is higher than the pressure of the gaseous molecular hydrogen of the electrolysis product material; and discharge the combined fluid material; and a gaseous hydrogen-compatible burner assembly, configured to replace the conventional hydrocarbon burner assembly with effect that the gaseous hydrogen-compatible burner assembly is fluidly coupled to the heat exchanger, the gaseous hydrogen-compatible burner assembly including a fluid conductor for receiving a reaction zone supply discharged from the eductor such that the received reaction zone supply includes at least the gaseous molecular hydrogen of the combined fluid material, and conducting the reaction zone supply to a reaction zone such that a reaction zone material, within the reaction zone, is obtained, and an igniter for igniting the reaction zone material disposed within the reaction zone; wherein: the electrolyzer, the gaseous hydrogen-compatible burner assembly, and the eductor are co-operatively configured such that while: (i) the gaseous hydrogen-compatible burner assembly is replacing the conventional burner assembly; (ii) the electrolysis product material is being produced by the electrolyzer; (iii) the eductor is fluidly coupled to the electrolyzer for receiving at least the gaseous molecular hydrogen of the electrolysis product material; (iv) the motive fluid is being flowed through the eductor such that flow of at least the gaseous molecular hydrogen, of the electrolysis product material, is induced by the flow of motive fluid, in response to the venturi effect, with effect that the motive fluid and the induced flow of at least the gaseous molecular hydrogen are combined such that a combined fluid material is obtained and includes the gaseous 2024201957   25 May 2026 molecular hydrogen of the electrolysis product material; and (v) the gaseous hydrogen-compatible burner assembly is fluidly coupled to the eductor such that the gaseous hydrogen-compatible burner assembly is receiving the reaction zone supply, the received reaction zone supply including at least the gaseous molecular hydrogen of the combined fluid material; the received reaction zone supply is conducted to the reaction zone, such that the reaction zone material includes the gaseous molecular hydrogen, the conducting effectuated by flowing of the combined fluid material from the eductor to the reaction zone that is urged by the pressure of the combined fluid material; in response to ignition of the reaction zone material within the reaction zone by the igniter, the reaction zone material is converted to reaction products via a reactive process that includes combustion of the gaseous molecular hydrogen, such that a post-reactive process gaseous material is produced, wherein the post-reactive process gaseous material includes the reaction products; the reactive process produces heat energy which heats the post-reactive process gaseous material such that a heated post-reactive process gaseous material is produced; the heated post-reactive process gaseous material becomes disposed in heat transfer communication with the heat exchanger; and air is drawn across the heat exchanger by the fan, with effect that the air is disposed in indirect heat transfer with the heated post-reactive process gaseous material via the heat exchanger for heating the air. E.    A system for producing heat energy comprising: an electrolyzer for effecting electrolysis of water to produce an electrolysis product material including gaseous molecular hydrogen; and a furnace, fluidly coupled to the electrolyzer for receiving the gaseous molecular hydrogen of at least the electrolysis product material, and configured for combusting the received gaseous molecular hydrogen, and comprising a heat exchanger and a fan for drawing air across the heat exchanger; a heat sink, disposed in heat transfer communication with the electrolyzer; wherein: 2024201957   25 May 2026 the combusting of the received gaseous molecular hydrogen is for heating the heat exchanger, to effectuate heating of the air that is drawn across the heat exchanger by the fan via indirect heat transfer; and the heat sink is configured such that, while electrolysis is being effected by the electrolyzer, heat is transferred from the water to the heat sink, such that the water is disposed at a temperature wherein vaporization of the water is opposed, wherein the opposing of the vaporization of the water is for opposing the presence of water in the electrolysis product material. F.     A system for producing heat energy comprising: a source of gaseous molecular hydrogen; a manifold fluidly coupled to the source; a nozzle for discharging gaseous material feed which is received by the manifold; an igniter for effecting ignition of reaction zone material within a reaction zone; and a heat exchanger; and wherein: the nozzle defines a maximum cross-sectional flow area of less than 3.14 X 10-6 square inches, for mitigating flashback from the reaction zone; and the source, the manifold, the nozzle, the igniter, the reaction zone, and the heat exchanger are cooperatively configured such that, while: (i) the gaseous material feed, including the gaseous molecular hydrogen of the source, is being received by the manifold and discharged via the nozzle to the reaction zone, and (ii) oxidant is also being supplied to the reaction zone, such that the reaction zone material, within the reaction zone, is obtained and includes the gaseous molecular hydrogen and the oxidant: in response to ignition of the reaction zone material within the reaction zone by the igniter, the reaction zone material is converted to reaction products via a reactive process, such that a postreactive process gaseous material is produced, wherein the post-reactive process gaseous material includes the reaction products; the reactive process includes combustion of the gaseous molecular hydrogen effected by the oxidant; and the reactive process produces heat energy which heats the post-reactive process gaseous material such that a heated post-reactive process gaseous material is produced; 2024201957   25 May 2026 the heated post-reactive process gaseous material becomes disposed in heat transfer communication with the heat exchanger; air is drawn across the heat exchanger, with effect that the air is disposed in indirect heat transfer with the heated post-reactive process gaseous material via the heat exchanger for heating the air, with effect that the air is heated by the heated post-reactive process gaseous material; and the heated air is conducted through a building. G. A system for producing heat energy comprising: a source of gaseous molecular hydrogen; an eductor fluidly coupled to the gaseous molecular hydrogen source for receiving the gaseous molecular hydrogen, the eductor configured to discharge gaseous molecular hydrogen in response to the venturi effect, wherein the pressure of the discharged gaseous molecular hydrogen is greater than the pressure of the gaseous molecular hydrogen that is received by the eductor; a manifold fluidly coupled to the eductor for receiving a flow of the gaseous molecular hydrogen discharged from the eductor, the flow of the gaseous molecular hydrogen being urged by the pressure of the discharged gaseous molecular hydrogen; a nozzle for discharging the gaseous molecular hydrogen received by the manifold; an igniter for effecting ignition of reaction zone material within a reaction zone; a flame arrestor, disposed between the manifold and the source of gaseous molecular hydrogen, for mitigating flashback from the reaction zone; and a heat exchanger; wherein: the source of gaseous molecular hydrogen, the manifold, the nozzle, the igniter, the reaction zone, and the heat exchanger are co-operatively configured such that, while: (i) the gaseous molecular hydrogen that is discharged from the eductor is being received by the manifold, the receiving effectuated by flowing of the gaseous molecular hydrogen from the eductor to the manifold that is urged by the pressure of the gaseous molecular hydrogen that is discharged from the eductor, and discharged via the nozzle to the reaction zone, and (ii) oxidant is also being supplied to the reaction zone, such that the reaction zone material includes the gaseous molecular hydrogen and the oxidant: in response to ignition of the reaction zone material within the reaction zone by the igniter, the reaction zone material is converted to reaction products via a reactive 2024201957   25 May 2026 process, such that a post-reactive process gaseous material is produced, wherein the post-reactive process gaseous material includes the reaction products; the reactive process includes combustion of the gaseous molecular hydrogen effected by the oxidant; the reactive process produces heat energy which heats the post-reactive process gaseous material such that a heated post-reactive process gaseous material is produced; the heated post-reactive process gaseous material becomes disposed in heat transfer communication with the heat exchanger; and air is drawn across the heat exchanger, with effect that the air is disposed in indirect heat transfer with the heated post-reactive process gaseous material via the heat exchanger for heating the air, with effect that the air is heated by the heated postreactive process gaseous material; and the heated air is conducted through a building. H. A process for heating ambient air, comprising: electrolyzing water, with effect that gaseous molecular hydrogen is produced; emplacing reaction zone material within a reaction zone, wherein the reaction zone material includes the produced gaseous molecular hydrogen and an oxidant; igniting the reaction zone material combined fluid material, with effect that the reaction zone material is converted to reaction products via a reactive process, such that a post-reactive process gaseous material is produced; wherein: the reactive process includes combustion of the gaseous molecular hydrogen effected by the oxidant; the reaction products include water vapour; the reactive process produces heat energy which heats the post-reactive process gaseous material such that a heated post-reactive process gaseous material is produced for heating of ambient air; and the heated post-reactive process gaseous material includes the reaction products; 2024201957   25 May 2026 emplacing a flow of air in indirect heat transfer communication with the heated post-reactive process gaseous material, with effect that the flow of air is heated by the heated post-reactive process gaseous material; conducting the heated flow of air through a building; and the heating of the air with the heated post-reactive process gaseous material via indirect heat transfer is with effect that the water vapour of the reaction products is condensed, such that liquid water is obtained; wherein the electrolyzing includes electrolyzing of the liquid water that is obtained from the condensing of the water vapour of the reaction products. I.     A kit of components for retrofitting a furnace, the furnace including a burner assembly, and a heat exchanger, the kit of components comprising: an electrolyzer for effecting electrolysis of water to produce an electrolysis product material including gaseous molecular hydrogen; an eductor, configured to: fluidly couple to the electrolyzer for receiving at least the gaseous molecular hydrogen of the electrolysis product material; and receive a flow of motive fluid through the eductor such that flow of at least the gaseous molecular hydrogen, of the electrolysis product material, is induced by the flow of motive fluid, in response to the venturi effect, with effect that the motive fluid and the induced flow of at least the gaseous molecular hydrogen are combined such that a combined fluid material is obtained and includes the gaseous molecular hydrogen of the electrolysis product material, the combined fluid material disposed at a pressure that is higher than the pressure of the gaseous molecular hydrogen of the electrolysis product material; and discharge the combined fluid material; and a gaseous hydrogen-compatible burner assembly, configured to replace the hydrocarbon burner assembly with effect that the gaseous hydrogen-compatible burner assembly is fluidly coupled to the heat exchanger, the gaseous hydrogen-compatible burner assembly including a fluid conductor for receiving a reaction zone supply discharged from the eductor such that the received reaction zone supply includes at least the gaseous molecular hydrogen of the combined fluid material, and conducting the reaction zone supply to a reaction zone such that a reaction zone material, within 2024201957   25 May 2026 the reaction zone, is obtained, and an igniter for igniting the reaction zone material disposed within the reaction zone; wherein: the electrolyzer, the gaseous hydrogen-compatible burner assembly, and the eductor are co-operatively configured such that while: (i) the gaseous hydrogen-compatible burner assembly is replacing the burner assembly, (ii) the electrolysis product material is being produced by the electrolyzer; (iii) the eductor is fluidly coupled to the electrolyzer for receiving at least the gaseous molecular hydrogen of the electrolysis product material; (iv) the motive fluid is being flowed through the eductor such that flow of at least the gaseous molecular hydrogen, of the electrolysis product material, is induced by the flow of motive fluid, in response to the venturi effect, with effect that the motive fluid and the induced flow of at least the gaseous molecular hydrogen are combined such that a combined fluid material is obtained and includes the gaseous molecular hydrogen of the electrolysis product material; and (v) the gaseous hydrogen-compatible burner assembly is fluidly coupled to the eductor such that the gaseous hydrogen-compatible burner assembly is receiving the reaction zone supply, the received reaction zone supply including at least the gaseous molecular hydrogen of the combined fluid material: the received reaction zone supply is conducted to the reaction zone, such that the reaction zone material includes the gaseous molecular hydrogen, the conducting effectuated by flowing of the combined fluid material from the eductor to the reaction zone that is urged by the pressure of the combined fluid material; in response to ignition of the reaction zone material within the reaction zone by the igniter, the reaction zone material is converted to reaction products via a reactive process that includes combustion of the gaseous molecular hydrogen, such that a post-reactive process gaseous material is produced, wherein the post-reactive process gaseous material includes the reaction products; the reactive process produces heat energy which heats the post-reactive process gaseous material such that a heated post-reactive process gaseous material is produced; the heated post-reactive process gaseous material becomes disposed in heat transfer communication with the heat exchanger; 2024201957   25 May 2026 air is drawn across the heat exchanger, with effect that the air is disposed in indirect heat transfer with the heated post-reactive process gaseous material via the heat exchanger for heating the air, with effect that the air is heated by the heated postreactive process gaseous material; and the heated air is conducted through a building. J.     A system for producing heat energy comprising: an electrolyzer for effecting electrolysis of water to produce an electrolysis product material including gaseous molecular hydrogen; and a furnace, fluidly coupled to the electrolyzer for receiving the gaseous molecular hydrogen of at least the electrolysis product material, and configured for combusting the received gaseous molecular hydrogen, and comprising a heat exchanger; and a heat sink, disposed in heat transfer communication with the electrolyzer; wherein: the combusting of the received gaseous molecular hydrogen is for heating the heat exchanger, to effectuate heating of air that is drawn across the heat exchanger via indirect heat transfer, wherein the heated air is conductible through a building; and the heat sink is configured such that, while electrolysis is being effected by the electrolyzer, heat is transferred from the water to the heat sink, such that the water is disposed at a temperature wherein vaporization of the water is opposed, wherein the opposing of the vaporization of the water is for opposing the presence of water in the electrolysis product material. K. Heated air produced by a process for heating ambient air of an above aspect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[010] The embodiments will now be described with reference to the following accompanying drawings, in which: 2024201957   26 Mar 2024

[011] Figure 1 is a schematic illustration of an embodiment of a heat exchanger system of the present disclosure; and

[012] Figure 2 is a schematic illustration of an embodiment of a conventional heat exchanger system prior to its modification to obtain the heat exchanger system illustrated in Figure 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[013] There is provided a heat exchanger system 10. The heat exchanger system 10 is provided and configured to generate heat, from combustion of a gaseous fuel within a reaction zone 8, for heating ambient air for climate control of an interior space.

[014] In some embodiments, for example, a first gaseous material supply source 12 is provided and functions to provide a source of first gaseous material 102. The first gaseous material includes a gaseous fuel. The source 12 is for supplying the first gaseous material 102 to the reaction zone 8 for combustion of the gaseous fuel. In some embodiments, for example, the gaseous fuel includes gaseous molecular hydrogen.

[015] In some embodiments, for example, the first gaseous material 102 is combined with second gaseous material 104, such that a combined fluid material 106 is produced and supplied to the reaction zone 8. In some embodiments, for example, the second gaseous material 104 includes an oxidant, and, in this respect, within the reaction zone 8, combustion of the gaseous fuel of the first gaseous material 102 is effected by the oxidant of the second gaseous material 104. In some embodiments, for example, the second gaseous material 104 includes ambient air, such that the oxidant includes molecular oxygen. The oxidant of the second gaseous material 104 is adscititious to any oxidant that is part of the first gaseous material 102.

[016] In some embodiments, for example, an eductor 14 (also sometimes referred to as a “venturi mixer”) is provided for inducing flow of the first gaseous material 102 with a flow of second gaseous material 104, in response to the venturi effect, with effect that at least the first gaseous material 102 and the second gaseous material 104 are combined such that a combined fluid material flow 106 is obtained, at least a fraction of which is supplied to the reaction zone 8.

[017] In some embodiments, for example, the eductor 14 includes a motive fluid receiver 16, a converging nozzle flow passage 18, a suction fluid receiver 20, a mixing zone 22, a diverging 2024201957   26 Mar 2024 nozzle flow passage 24, and a combined fluid material discharge communicator 26. The motive fluid receiver 16 is disposed in flow communication with the mixing zone 22 via the converging nozzle flow passage 18. The mixing zone 22 is disposed in flow communication with the combined fluid material discharge communicator 26 via the diverging nozzle flow passage 24. The suction fluid receiver 20 is disposed in flow communication with the mixing zone 22. The motive fluid receiver 16, the converging nozzle flow passage 18, the suction fluid receiver 20, the mixing zone 22, the diverging nozzle flow passage, and the combined fluid material discharge communicator 26 are co-operatively configured such that, while: (i) the motive fluid receiver 16 is receiving a flow of the second gaseous material 104 at a sufficiently high pressure, and (ii) the suction fluid receiver 20 is disposed in flow communication with the first gaseous material 102 and the first gaseous material 102 is disposed at a sufficiently low pressure: an increase in velocity of the flow of the second gaseous material 104 is effected, as the second gaseous material flow is conducted, via the converging nozzle flow passage 18, from the motive fluid receiver 16 to the mixing zone 22, such that, concomitantly, pressure of the flow of the second gaseous material 104 decreases, with effect that the second gaseous material 104 becomes disposed within the mixing zone 22 at a reduced pressure; flow of the first gaseous material 102 is induced, via the suction fluid receiver 20, into the mixing zone 22, in response to a pressure differential established between the mixing zone 22 and the first gaseous material 102, with effect that the flow of the second gaseous material 104 is combined (e.g. admixed) with the first gaseous material 102 to produce a flow of combined fluid material 106, the combined fluid material 106 including the first gaseous material 102 and the second gaseous material 104; and a decrease in velocity of the flow of the combined fluid material 106 is effected, as the combined fluid material flow is conducted, via the diverging nozzle flow passage 24, from the mixing zone 22 to the combined fluid material discharge communicator 26, such that, concomitantly, pressure of the flow of the combined fluid material 106 increases, with effect that the flow of the combined fluid material 106 is discharged from the eductor 14, via the combined fluid material discharge communicator 26, at an increased pressure.

[018] The flow of the combined fluid material 106, including the first gaseous material 102, is discharged from the eductor 14, via the combined fluid material discharge communicator 26, at a 2024201957   26 Mar 2024 pressure that is higher than the pressure of the first gaseous material 102 upstream of the suction fluid receiver 20 of the eductor 14. In this respect, this increase in pressure of the gaseous fuel, effected by the venturi effect, enables flow of the gaseous fuel (as part of the combined fluid material flow) through a heat exchanger 28, for effecting heating of ambient air, as described below.

[019] In some embodiments, for example, the first gaseous feed material 102 is supplied from an electrolyzer 30, such that the source 12 includes the electrolyzer 30. The electrolyzer 30 is configured for effecting electrolysis of water with effect that reaction products are obtained. In this respect, in some embodiments, for example, the electrolyzer 30 including an anode, a cathode, an electrolysis chamber containing an aqueous electrolyte solution. The anode, the cathode, and the electrolyte are co-operatively configured such that application of an electrical potential difference between the anode and the cathode effects electrolysis of water of the aqueous solution such that the reaction products, including gaseous molecular hydrogen and gaseous molecular hydrogen, are produced. The first gaseous feed material 102 is recovered from the reaction products, such that the first gaseous feed material 102 includes the produced gaseous molecular hydrogen and the gaseous molecular hydrogen of the reaction products. In this respect, in some embodiments, for example, the gaseous fuel of the first gaseous material 102 includes the produced gaseous molecular hydrogen that is recovered from the reaction product.

[020] In some embodiments, for example, the source 12 of the first gaseous material 102 is fluidly coupled to the suction fluid receiver 20 of the eductor 14 via a first gaseous material conductor 50. In some embodiments, for example, the first gaseous material conductor 50 includes a flame arrestor 56 (for example, a composite metal foam material flame arrestor, such as a hastelloy flame arrestor) for interfering with potential flashback from the reaction zone 8. In some embodiments, for example, the first gaseous material conductor 50 includes a check valve 52 for further interfering with potential flashback from the reaction zone. In this respect, in some embodiments, for example, the check valve is a floating ball check valve 52. The floating ball check valve 52 includes a ball 54 (it is understood that the ball 54 is not necessarily spherically-shaped or otherwise ball-shaped), whose movement is constrained within a chamber 58, and a valve seat 60 configured for receiving the ball 54 for effecting closure of a flow communicator 62 (e.g. a port) that is effecting flow communication between the source 12 and the suction fluid receiver 20 of 2024201957   26 Mar 2024 the eductor 14. In this respect, sufficient downstream pressure effects seating of the ball 54 on the valve seat 60, thereby effecting closure of the flow communicator 62, and thereby mitigating potential flashback from the reaction zone 8. In some embodiments, for example, the first gaseous material conductor 50 includes a sightglass 64 for providing visibility of the ball 54 and, thereby, amongst other things, enabling visual confirmation of flow of the first gaseous material. In some embodiments, for example, the ball 54 is a flame retardant foam ball, such as a flexible polyimide foam body. A suitable flexible polyimide foam body is made from SOLVER PI-Flexible Foam manufactured by SOLVER POLYIMIDE of Room 1401, Peninsula International Mansion, Jiande City, 311600 Zhejiang Province, China.

[021] In some embodiments, for example, the flow of the second gaseous material 104 is supplied to the eductor 14 at a pressure of between 2 psig and 12 psig and at a velocity of at least 0.021 metres per second. In some embodiments, for example, the first gaseous material 102, which is disposed in flow communication with the suction fluid receiver 20, is disposed at a pressure of atmospheric pressure.

[022] In some embodiments, for example, the second gaseous material 104, which is supplied to the eductor 14, is ambient air that is supplied by an air pump 34 which draws from ambient air.

[023] In some embodiments, for example, the source 34 (for example, the air pump) of the second gaseous material 104, which is being supplied to the motive fluid receiver 16 of the eductor 14, is fluidly coupled to the motive fluid receiver 16 by a second gaseous material conductor 150. In some embodiments, for example, the second gaseous material conductor 150 includes a flame arrestor 156 (for example, a composite metal foam material flame arrestor, such as a hastelloy flame arrestor) for interfering with potential flashback from the reaction zone 8. In some embodiments, for example, the second gaseous material conductor 150 includes a check valve 152 for further interfering with potential flashback from the reaction zone. In this respect, in some embodiments, for example, the check valve is a floating ball check valve 152. The floating ball check valve 152 includes a ball 154 (it is understood that the ball 154 is not necessarily spherically-shaped or otherwise ball-shaped), whose movement is constrained within a chamber 158, and a valve seat 160 configured for receiving the ball 154 for effecting closure of a flow communicator 162 (e.g. a port) that is effecting flow communication between the source 34 and the motive fluid receiver 16 of the eductor 14. In this respect, sufficient downstream pressure effects seating of the 2024201957   26 Mar 2024 ball 154 on the valve seat 160, thereby effecting closure of the flow communicator 162, and thereby mitigating potential flashback from the reaction zone 8. In some embodiments, for example, the second gaseous material conductor 150 includes a sightglass 164 for providing visibility of the ball 154 and, thereby, amongst other things, enabling visual confirmation of flow of the first gaseous material. In some embodiments, for example, the ball 154 is a flame retardant foam ball, such as a flexible polyimide foam body. A suitable flexible polyimide foam body is made from SOLVER PI-Flexible Foam manufactured by SOLVER POLYIMIDE of Room 1401, Peninsula International Mansion, Jiande City, 311600 Zhejiang Province, China.

[024] In some embodiments, for example, the combined fluid material discharge communicator 26 of the eductor 14 is fluidly coupled to the burner assembly 36 via a bubbler 68. The bubbler 68 includes a combined fluid material receiver 70, for receiving a flow of combined fluid material 106 flow from the venture mixer 14, and conducting the flow of the combined fluid material 106 into a liquid medium 72 that is contained within the bubbler 68, with effect that impurities are separated from the flow of the combined fluid material 106 (such as, for example, by dissolution within the liquid medium), and such that a flow of purified combined fluid material 108 is obtained and discharged via a bubbler discharge communicator 74, of the bubbler 68, at least a fraction of which is supplied to the burner assembly 36. In some embodiments, for example, the impurities being separated include electrolyte that is carried over from the electrolyzer 30. In some embodiments, for example, the liquid medium further functions as a flame arrestor for mitigating flashback from the reaction zone 8.

[025] In some embodiments, for example, the combined fluid material receiver 70 includes coiled tubing 76 for conducting the received combined fluid material 104. In some embodiments, for example, the coiled tubing 76 functions to effect flow resistance to any flashback from the reaction zone, thereby interfering with its propagation to the sources 12, 34 of the first and second gasesous materials, respectively. In some embodiments, for example, the coiled tubing 76 is manufactured from heat conducting material (such as copper) for facilitating heat transfer from fluid being conducted through the coiled tubing 76 to the liquid medium, and thereby further mitigating potential flashback.

[026] In some embodiments, for example, the flow of the purified combined fluid material 108, being discharged from the bubbler 68 is accelerated in response to a venturi effect that is obtained 2024201957   26 Mar 2024 via conduction of a third gaseous material 110 (e.g. ambient air that is supplied from an air pump 134) via a second venturi meter 114, with effect that at least the flow of the purified combined fluid material 108 and the third gaseous material flow 110 are combined such that a combined fluid material flow 112 is obtained and discharged into the reaction zone 8.

[027] In some embodiments, for example, the second eductor 114 includes a motive fluid receiver 116, a converging nozzle flow passage 118, a suction fluid receiver 120, a mixing zone 122, a diverging nozzle flow passage 124, and a combined fluid material discharge communicator 126. The motive fluid receiver 116 is disposed in flow communication with the mixing zone 122 via the converging nozzle flow passage 118. The mixing zone 122 is disposed in flow communication with the combined fluid material discharge communicator 126 via the diverging nozzle flow passage 124. The suction fluid receiver 120 is disposed in flow communication with the mixing zone 122. The motive fluid receiver 116, the converging nozzle flow passage 118, the suction fluid receiver 120, the mixing zone 122, the diverging nozzle flow passage, and the combined fluid material discharge communicator 126 are co-operatively configured such that, while: (i) the motive fluid receiver 116 is receiving a flow of a third gaseous material 110 at a sufficiently high pressure, and (ii) the suction fluid receiver 120 is disposed in flow communication with the purified combined fluid material 108 and the purified combined fluid material 108 is disposed at a sufficiently low pressure: an increase in velocity of the third gaseous material flow 110 is effected, as the flow of the third gaseous material 110 is conducted, via the converging nozzle flow passage 118, from the motive fluid receiver 116 to the mixing zone 122, such that, concomitantly, pressure of the flow of the third gaseous material 110 decreases, with effect that the third gaseous material 110 becomes disposed within the mixing zone 122 at a reduced pressure; flow of the purified combined fluid material 108 is induced, via the suction fluid receiver 120, into the mixing zone 122, in response to a pressure differential established between the mixing zone 122 and the purified combined fluid material 108, with effect that the flow of the third gaseous material 110 is combined (e.g. admixed) with the flow of the combined fluid material 108 to produce a flow of combined fluid material 112; and 2024201957   26 Mar 2024 a decrease in velocity of the flow of the combined fluid material 112 is effected, as the flow of the combined fluid material 112 is conducted, via the diverging nozzle flow passage 124, from the mixing zone 122 to the combined fluid material discharge communicator 126, such that, concomitantly, pressure of the flow of the combined fluid material 112 increases, with effect that the flow of the combined fluid material 112 is discharged from the second eductor 114, via the combined fluid material discharge communicator 126, at an increased pressure.

[028] The flow of the combined fluid material 112, including the gaseous fuel, is discharged from the second eductor 114, via the combined fluid material discharge communicator 126, at a pressure that is higher than the pressure of the flow of the purified combined fluid material 108 at the suction fluid receiver 120 of the second eductor 114. In this respect, this increase in pressure of the gaseous fuel, effected by the venturi effect, enables flow of the gaseous fuel (as part of the combined fluid material flow) through the heat exchanger 28, for combustion for effecting heating of ambient air.

[029] In some embodiments, for example, the flow of the combined fluid material 112 is supplied to a burner assembly 36 for effecting the combustion of the gaseous fuel of the first gaseous material 102 within the reaction zone 8. In this respect, in some embodiments, for example, a burner assembly 36 is provided, and the burner assembly 36 includes a manifold 38 and a plurality of nozzles 40. The manifold 38 defines a manifold fluid passage network 42 for receiving the flow of the combined fluid material 112 and distributing the received combined fluid material flow amongst the plurality of nozzles 40. Each one of the nozzles 40, independently, is configured for receiving the flow of the combined fluid material 112 and discharging a portion of the flow of the combined fluid material 112 to a respective reaction zone 8, such that the combined fluid material flow, including the first gaseous material and the second gaseous material, becomes disposed within the reaction zone 8.

[030] In some embodiments, for example, the manifold fluid passage network 42 defines a minimum cross-sectional flow area of at least 7.66 X 10-4 square inches. In some embodiments, for example, the manifold fluid passage network 42 defines a minimum cross-sectional flow area of between, inclusively, 7.66 X 10-4 square inches and 1.23 X 10-2 square inches. 2024201957   26 Mar 2024

[031] In some embodiments, for example, the nozzle 40 defines a maximum cross-sectional flow area of less than 3.14 X 10-6 square inches. In some embodiments, for example, the nozzle 40 defines a maximum cross-sectional flow area of between, inclusively, 7.85 X 10-7 square inches and 3.14 X 10-6 square inches. In some embodiments, for example, such sizing of the maximum cross-sectional flow area of the nozzle 40 mitigates potential flashback from the reaction zone 8.

[032] The burner assembly 36 further includes, for each one of the nozzles 40, independently, an igniter 44 (such as, for example, a surface igniter), for effecting ignition of the combined fluid material 106 within the respective reaction zone 8. While the combined fluid material 106 is disposed within the respective reaction zone 8, in response to ignition by the igniter 44 (such as, for example, a surface igniter), combustion of the gaseous fuel, of the first gaseous material 102, is effected such that combustion products are produced, and with effect that a gaseous flame is obtained. Upon establishing of the gaseous flame, gaseous fuel, present within the combined fluid material 112 which is continuing to be supplied to the reaction zone 8, becomes combusted, to thereby provide continuing production of combustion products.

[033] The combustion also generates heat energy which heats the combustion products, and any unreacted gaseous material, such that a heated post-combustion fluid material flow 41 is produced and is conducted through the heat exchanger 28, such that the heated post-combustion gaseous material becomes disposed in indirect heat transfer communication with ambient air that is drawn across the heat exchanger 28 by a circulating air fan 46, and, thus, heats the ambient air. In some embodiments, for example, the heat exchanger 28 includes a plurality of longitudinally extending tubes 48 and each one of the longitudinally extending tubes 48, independently, is aligned with a respective one of the nozzles 40. In this respect, the heated post-combustion fluid material flow 41 is conducted through the tubes 48 of the heat exchanger 28, and the ambient air, which is drawn across the heat exchanger 28 by the circulating air fan 46, is flowed as flow 49 across the outermost surface of the tubes 48, and then conducted to a predetermined space for heating the predetermined space.

[034] In some embodiments, for example, water vapour, produced via the combustion, is condensed and collected as liquid, and the collected liquid water is conducted to a container 32 which functions as a source of water for the electrolyzer 30. 2024201957   10 Sep 2026

[035] Referring to Figure 2, typically, a conventional heat exchanger system 200 (such as a furnace) uses gaseous hydrocarbon material (such as, for example, natural gas) as the gaseous fuel. The gaseous fuel supply source 212 includes a source of pressurized gaseous fuel (such as, for example, a gaseous hydrocarbon material). The gaseous material-supplying conductor 214 supplies the gaseous fuel from the gaseous fuel supply source 212 to a burner assembly 236 for effecting combustion of the gaseous fuel within a reaction zone 238. In some embodiments, for example, the burner assembly 236 includes a manifold 237, and the manifold includes a plurality of nozzles 240. Each one of the nozzles 240, independently, is configured to discharge a portion of the gaseous fuel into the reaction zone 238 for effecting combustion of the gaseous fuel, via the burner assembly 236. The burner assembly 236 includes, for each one of the nozzles 240, independently, a respective flow mixer 234 (such as, for example, a Venturi-type burner) igniter 244 (such as, for example, a surface igniter). For each one of the igniters 244, independently, there is associated a respective reaction zone 238. The discharged gaseous fuel, and ambient air, whose flow is induced by the combustion air fan 218, are communicated from the manifold 237 to the reaction zone 238 via, and mixed within, the flow mixer 234 to generate a gaseous fuel / air mixture. While the gaseous fuel / air mixture is disposed within the reaction zone 238, in response to ignition by the igniter 244, combustion of the gaseous fuel is effected such combustion products are produced. The combustion also generates heat energy which heats the combustion products, and any unreacted gaseous material, such that a heated post-combustion gaseous material is produced. The heated post-combustion gaseous material, whose flow is being induced by the combustion air fan 218, is flowed through the heat exchanger 28, such that the heated postcombustion gaseous material becomes disposed in indirect heat transfer communication with ambient air 249 that is drawn across the heat exchanger 28 by the circulating air fan 46, and, thus, heating the ambient air. In some embodiments, for example, the heat exchanger 28 includes a plurality of longitudinally extending tubes 48 and each one of the longitudinally extending tubes 48, independently, is aligned with a respective one of the nozzles 30. In this respect, the heated post-combustion gaseous material, whose flow is being induced by the combustion air fan 218, is flowed through the tubes 48 of the heat exchanger 28, and the ambient air 249, which is drawn across the heat exchanger 28 by the circulating air fan 46, is flowed across the outermost surface of the tubes 48, and then conducted to a predetermined space for heating the predetermined space. 25683998_1 (GHMATTERS) P124921.AU.1 22698282_1 (GHMatters) P124921.AU.1 2024201957   26 Mar 2024

[036] In accordance with the present disclosure, the conventional heat exchanger system 200 is modified to enable use of gaseous molecular hydrogen as the gaseous fuel. In this respect, the conventional heat exchanger system 200 is modified to obtain the heat exchanger system 10 is provided for generating heat, via combustion of gaseous molecular hydrogen, for heating ambient air. To effect this modification, in some embodiments, for example, the burner assembly 236 of the conventional heat exchanger system is replaced by the burner assembly 36, such that gaseous fuel, in the form of gaseous molecular hydrogen, can be supplied for combustion within the modified heat exchanger system 10. In some embodiments, for example, a kit is provided for retrofitting a conventional heat exchanger system and includes the burner assembly 36 and the electrolyzer 30. In some embodiments, for example, the kit further includes the eductor 14. In some embodiments, for example, the kit includes the burner assembly 36, the eductor 14, as well as the bubbler 68 and the second eductor 114. In some embodiments, for example, the kit further includes the burner assembly 36 and the eductor 14, as well as the first gaseous material conductor 50 and the second gaseous material conductor 52, and, in some of these embodiments, further includes the bubbler 68 and the second eductor 114.

[037] In some embodiments, for example, the electrolyzer 30 is disposed in heat transfer communication with a heat sink, such that, while the electrolysis is being effected, heat is transferred from the electrolyte to the heat sink. In some embodiments, for example, the heat sink includes a chiller 31. In this respect, in some embodiments, for example, by effecting the heat transfer, the temperature within the electrolyte is sufficiently low such that vaporization of water, of the aqueous electrolyte, is mitigated, such that the presence of water within the first gaseous material 102 is mitigated. In some embodiments, for example, the sufficiently low temperature from 27 degrees Celsius to 32 degrees Celsius. In some embodiments, for example, temperature of the electrolyte is maintained at the sufficiently low temperature by controlling the rate of heat transfer from the electrolyte to the heat sink. Water that is present within the first gaseous material 102 (and, therefore, the combined fluid material 112) may, undesirably, interrupt combustion, with effect that the gaseous flame within the furnace becomes extinguished. Once extinguished, the combustion of the gaseous fuel, continuing to be supplied to the reaction zone 8 via the combined fluid material 112, is suspended, such that the uncombusted gaseous fuel may accumulate within the furnace and potentially cause a backfire upon re-ignition of the igniter 44. Accordingly, the mitigation of the presence of water within the first gaseous material 102 (and, therefore, the 2024201957   25 May 2026 combined fluid material 112), mitigates extinguishment of the gaseous flame and conditions conducive for backfiring.

[038] In some embodiments, for example, the system further includes a sensor for sensing extinguishment of the gas flame. In some embodiments, for example, the sensor is a photocell sensor. In this respect, in some embodiments, for example, the sensor co-operates with the power supply, that is establishing the electrical potential difference between the anode and the cathode of the electrolyzer 30, such that, in response to sensing of an absence of the gaseous flame by the sensor, power being supplied to the electrolyzer 30 is suspended, with effect that the electrolysis is suspended.

[039] In the above description, for purposes of explanation, numerous details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present disclosure. However, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that these specific details are not required in order to practice the present disclosure. Although certain dimensions and materials are described for implementing the disclosed example embodiments, other suitable dimensions and / or materials may be used within the scope of this disclosure. All such modifications and variations, including all suitable current and future changes in technology, are believed to be within the sphere and scope of the present disclosure. All references mentioned are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. If any reference is prior art, its mention herein does not constitute an admission that it forms part of the common general knowledge in the art in Australia.

[040] In the claims which follow and in the preceding description of the invention, except where the context requires otherwise due to express language or necessary implication, the word “comprise” or variations such as “comprises” or “comprising” is used in an inclusive sense, i.e. to specify the presence of the stated features but not to preclude the presence or addition of further features in various embodiments of the invention.

Claims

2024201957   25 May 20261.     A system for producing heat energy comprising:a source of gaseous molecular hydrogen;a manifold fluidly coupled to the source;5 a nozzle for discharging gaseous material feed which is received by the manifold;an igniter for effecting ignition of reaction zone material within a reaction zone;a heat exchanger; anda fan for drawing air across the heat exchanger;wherein:10          the nozzle defines a maximum cross-sectional flow area of less than 3.14 X 10-6 squareinches, for mitigating flashback from the reaction zone;the source, the manifold, the nozzle, the igniter, the reaction zone, the heat exchanger, and the fan are co-operatively configured such that, while: (i) the gaseous material feed, including the gaseous molecular hydrogen of the source, is being received by the manifold and discharged via15 the nozzle to the reaction zone, and (ii) oxidant is also being supplied to the reaction zone, such that the reaction zone material, within the reaction zone, is obtained and includes the gaseous molecular hydrogen and the oxidant:in response to ignition of the reaction zone material within the reaction zone by the igniter, the reaction zone material is converted to reaction products via a reactive process,20          such that a post-reactive process gaseous material is produced, wherein the post-reactiveprocess gaseous material includes the reaction products;the reactive process includes combustion of the gaseous molecular hydrogen effected by the oxidant;the reactive process produces heat energy which heats the post-reactive process25          gaseous material such that a heated post-reactive process gaseous material is produced;the heated post-reactive process gaseous material becomes disposed in heat transfercommunication with the heat exchanger; and2024201957   25 May 2026air is drawn across the heat exchanger by the fan, with effect that the air is disposed in indirect heat transfer with the heated post-reactive process gaseous material via the heat exchanger for heating the air.

2. The system as claimed in claim 1;5 wherein:the source of the gaseous molecular hydrogen includes an electrolyzer configured for effecting electrolysis of water with effect that the gaseous molecular hydrogen is produced; andthe gaseous molecular hydrogen, of the gaseous material feed, includes the produced gaseous molecular hydrogen.10   3.     The system as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2;wherein the heat exchanger is defined by a furnace.

4. The system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein:the maximum cross-sectional flow area of the nozzle is less than 3.14 X 10-6 square inches and greater than 7.85 X 10-7 square inches, for mitigating flashback from the reaction zone.15   5.     A system for producing heat energy comprising:a source of gaseous molecular hydrogen;an eductor fluidly coupled to the gaseous molecular hydrogen source for receiving the gaseous molecular hydrogen, the eductor configured to discharge gaseous molecular hydrogen in response to the venturi effect, wherein the pressure of the discharged gaseous molecular hydrogen is greater 20 than the pressure of the gaseous molecular hydrogen that is received by the eductor;a manifold fluidly coupled to the eductor for receiving a flow of the gaseous molecular hydrogen discharged from the eductor, the flow of the gaseous molecular hydrogen being urged by the pressure of the discharged gaseous molecular hydrogen;a nozzle for discharging the gaseous molecular hydrogen received by the manifold;25 an igniter for effecting ignition of reaction zone material within a reaction zone;a flame arrestor, disposed between the manifold and the source of gaseous molecular hydrogen, for mitigating flashback from the reaction zone;2024201957   25 May 2026a heat exchanger; anda fan for drawing air across the heat exchanger;wherein:the source of gaseous molecular hydrogen, the eductor, the manifold, the nozzle, the igniter, 5 the reaction zone, the heat exchanger, and the fan are co-operatively configured such that, while:(i) the gaseous molecular hydrogen that is discharged from the eductor is being received by the manifold, the receiving effectuated by flowing of the gaseous molecular hydrogen from the eductor to the manifold that is urged by the pressure of the gaseous molecular hydrogen that is discharged from the eductor, and discharged via the nozzle to the reaction zone, and (ii) oxidant is also being10 supplied to the reaction zone, such that the reaction zone material includes the gaseous molecular hydrogen and the oxidant:in response to ignition of the reaction zone material within the reaction zone by the igniter, the reaction zone material is converted to reaction products via a reactive process, such that a post-reactive process gaseous material is produced, wherein the post-reactive15          process gaseous material includes the reaction products;the reactive process includes combustion of the gaseous molecular hydrogen effected by the oxidant;the reactive process produces heat energy which heats the post-reactive process gaseous material such that a heated post-reactive process gaseous material is produced;20                 the heated post-reactive process gaseous material becomes disposed in heat transfercommunication with the heat exchanger; andair is drawn across the heat exchanger by the fan, with effect that the air is disposed in indirect heat transfer with the heated post-reactive process gaseous material via the heat exchanger for heating the air.25   6.     The system as claimed in claim 5;wherein:the manifold is fluidly coupled to the source of gaseous molecular hydrogen via the flame arrestor.

7. The system as claimed in claim 5 or claim 6;2024201957   25 May 2026wherein the heat exchanger is defined by a furnace.

8. A process for heating ambient air, comprising:electrolyzing water, with effect that gaseous molecular hydrogen is produced;5 emplacing reaction zone material within a reaction zone, wherein the reaction zone material includes the produced gaseous molecular hydrogen and an oxidant;igniting the reaction zone material, with effect that the reaction zone material is converted to reaction products via a reactive process, such that a post-reactive process gaseous material is produced;10 wherein:the reactive process includes combustion of the gaseous molecular hydrogen effected by the oxidant;the reaction products include water vapour;the reactive process produces heat energy which heats the post-reactive process gaseous 15 material such that a heated post-reactive process gaseous material is produced for heating of ambient air; andthe heated post-reactive process gaseous material includes the reaction products;disposing the heated post-reactive process gaseous material in heat transfer communication with a heat exchanger;20 drawing air across the heat exchanger with a fan, with effect that the air is disposed in indirect heat transfer with the heated post-reactive process gaseous material via the heat exchanger for heating the air, andthe heating of the air with the heated post-reactive process gaseous material via indirect heat transfer is with effect that the water vapour of the reaction products is condensed, such that liquid 25 water is obtained;wherein the electrolyzing includes electrolyzing of the liquid water that is obtained from the condensing of the water vapour of the reaction products.

9. The process as claimed in claim 8;2024201957   25 May 2026wherein:the electrolyzing of the water is with additional effect that oxygen is produced; andthe oxidant includes the produced oxygen.5   10. The process as claimed in claim 8 or claim 9;further comprising:transferring at least a portion of heat that is generated by the electrolyzing of the water to a heat sink.

11. A kit of components for retrofitting a furnace, the furnace including a conventional burner 10 assembly, a heat exchanger, and a fan, the kit comprising:an electrolyzer for effecting electrolysis of water to produce an electrolysis product material including gaseous molecular hydrogen;an eductor, configured to:fluidly couple to the electrolyzer for receiving at least the gaseous molecular hydrogen of 15           the electrolysis product material; andreceive a flow of motive fluid through the eductor such that flow of at least the gaseous molecular hydrogen, of the electrolysis product material, is induced by the flow of motive fluid, in response to the venturi effect, with effect that the motive fluid and the induced flow of at least the gaseous molecular hydrogen are combined such that a combined fluid20          material is obtained and includes the gaseous molecular hydrogen of the electrolysisproduct material, the combined fluid material disposed at a pressure that is higher than the pressure of the gaseous molecular hydrogen of the electrolysis product material; anddischarge the combined fluid material; anda gaseous hydrogen-compatible burner assembly, configured to replace the conventional 25 hydrocarbon burner assembly with effect that the gaseous hydrogen-compatible burner assemblyis fluidly coupled to the heat exchanger, the gaseous hydrogen-compatible burner assembly including a fluid conductor for receiving a reaction zone supply discharged from the eductor such that the received reaction zone supply includes at least the gaseous molecular hydrogen of the2024201957   25 May 2026combined fluid material, and conducting the reaction zone supply to a reaction zone such that a reaction zone material, within the reaction zone, is obtained, and an igniter for igniting the reaction zone material disposed within the reaction zone;wherein:5          the electrolyzer, the gaseous hydrogen-compatible burner assembly, and the eductor are cooperatively configured such that while: (i) the gaseous hydrogen-compatible burner assembly is replacing the conventional burner assembly; (ii) the electrolysis product material is being produced by the electrolyzer; (iii) the eductor is fluidly coupled to the electrolyzer for receiving at least the gaseous molecular hydrogen of the electrolysis product material; (iv) the motive fluid is being10 flowed through the eductor such that flow of at least the gaseous molecular hydrogen, of the electrolysis product material, is induced by the flow of motive fluid, in response to the venturi effect, with effect that the motive fluid and the induced flow of at least the gaseous molecular hydrogen are combined such that a combined fluid material is obtained and includes the gaseous molecular hydrogen of the electrolysis product material; and (v) the gaseous hydrogen-compatible15 burner assembly is fluidly coupled to the eductor such that the gaseous hydrogen-compatible burner assembly is receiving the reaction zone supply, the received reaction zone supply including at least the gaseous molecular hydrogen of the combined fluid material;the received reaction zone supply is conducted to the reaction zone, such that the reaction zone material includes the gaseous molecular hydrogen, the conducting effectuated20          by flowing of the combined fluid material from the eductor to the reaction zone that is urgedby the pressure of the combined fluid material;in response to ignition of the reaction zone material within the reaction zone by the igniter, the reaction zone material is converted to reaction products via a reactive process that includes combustion of the gaseous molecular hydrogen, such that a post-reactive25          process gaseous material is produced, wherein the post-reactive process gaseous materialincludes the reaction products;the reactive process produces heat energy which heats the post-reactive process gaseous material such that a heated post-reactive process gaseous material is produced;the heated post-reactive process gaseous material becomes disposed in heat transfer30          communication with the heat exchanger; and2024201957   25 May 2026air is drawn across the heat exchanger by the fan, with effect that the air is disposed in indirect heat transfer with the heated post-reactive process gaseous material via the heat exchanger for heating the air.

12. The kit as claimed in claim 11;5 wherein:the gaseous hydrogen-compatible burner assembly includes a nozzle for effecting the discharging of the received reaction zone supply to the reaction zone; andthe nozzle defines a maximum cross-sectional flow area of less than 3.14 X 10-6 square inches.10   13. The kit as claimed in claim 11 or claim 12;further comprising:a heat sink;wherein the electrolyzer is configured for emplacement in heat transfer communication with the heat sink, such that while electrolysis is being effected by the electrolyzer such that heat is being15 produced by the electrolysis, at least a portion of the generated heat is transferred to the heat sink.

14. The kit as claimed in any one of claims 11 to 13;wherein:the motive fluid includes an oxidant; andthe reaction zone supply includes the oxidant of the motive fluid.20   15. The kit as claimed in any one of claims 11 to 14;wherein the electrolyzer, the gaseous hydrogen-compatible burner assembly, and the eductor are further co-operatively configured such that while: (i) the gaseous hydrogen-compatible burner assembly is replacing the burner assembly, (ii) the electrolysis product material is being produced by the electrolyzer; (iii) the eductor is fluidly coupled to the electrolyzer for receiving at least the25 gaseous molecular hydrogen of the electrolysis product material; (iv) the motive fluid is being flowed through the eductor such that flow of at least the gaseous molecular hydrogen, of the electrolysis product material, is induced by the flow of motive fluid, in response to the venturi2024201957   25 May 2026effect, with effect that the motive fluid and the induced flow of at least the gaseous molecular hydrogen are combined such that a combined fluid material is obtained and includes the gaseous molecular hydrogen of the electrolysis product material; and (v) the gaseous hydrogen-compatible burner assembly is fluidly coupled to the eductor such that the gaseous hydrogen-compatible burner5 assembly is receiving the reaction zone supply, the received reaction zone supply includes at least the gaseous molecular hydrogen of the electrolysis product, and (vi) the received reaction zone supply is conducted to the reaction zone, such that the reaction zone material includes the gaseous molecular hydrogen:in response to the ignition of the reaction zone material within the reaction zone by the10           igniter, the reaction zone material is converted to the reaction products via the reactiveprocess, the reaction products including water vapour, such that the produced post-reactive process gaseous material includes the water vapour; andthe water vapour becomes condensed, such that liquid water is obtained.

16. The kit as claimed in claim 15;15 wherein:the water, which is electrolyzed by the electrolyzer to produce the electrolysis product material, includes the obtained liquid water.

17. The kit as claimed in any one of claims 11 to 16;further comprising:20          a flame arrestor, disposed between the gaseous hydrogen-compatible burner assembly andthe electrolyzer, for mitigating flashback from the reaction zone.

18. A system for producing heat energy comprising:an electrolyzer for effecting electrolysis of water to produce an electrolysis product material including gaseous molecular hydrogen; and25 a furnace, fluidly coupled to the electrolyzer for receiving the gaseous molecular hydrogen of at least the electrolysis product material, and configured for combusting the received gaseous molecular hydrogen, and comprising a heat exchanger and a fan for drawing air across the heat exchanger;2024201957   25 May 2026a heat sink, disposed in heat transfer communication with the electrolyzer;wherein:the combusting of the received gaseous molecular hydrogen is for heating the heat exchanger, to effectuate heating of the air that is drawn across the heat exchanger by the fan via 5 indirect heat transfer; andthe heat sink is configured such that, while electrolysis is being effected by the electrolyzer, heat is transferred from the water to the heat sink, such that the water is disposed at a temperature wherein vaporization of the water is opposed, wherein the opposing of the vaporization of the water is for opposing the presence of water in the electrolysis product material.10    19. A system for producing heat energy comprising:a source of gaseous molecular hydrogen;a manifold fluidly coupled to the source;a nozzle for discharging gaseous material feed which is received by the manifold;an igniter for effecting ignition of reaction zone material within a reaction zone; and15 a heat exchanger; andwherein:the nozzle defines a maximum cross-sectional flow area of less than 3.14 X 10-6 square inches, for mitigating flashback from the reaction zone; andthe source, the manifold, the nozzle, the igniter, the reaction zone, and the heat exchanger 20           are co-operatively configured such that, while: (i) the gaseous material feed, including thegaseous molecular hydrogen of the source, is being received by the manifold and discharged via the nozzle to the reaction zone, and (ii) oxidant is also being supplied to the reaction zone, such that the reaction zone material, within the reaction zone, is obtained and includes the gaseous molecular hydrogen and the oxidant:25                 in response to ignition of the reaction zone material within the reaction zone by theigniter, the reaction zone material is converted to reaction products via a reactive process, such that a post-reactive process gaseous material is produced, wherein the post-reactive process gaseous material includes the reaction products;2024201957   25 May 2026the reactive process includes combustion of the gaseous molecular hydrogen effected by the oxidant; andthe reactive process produces heat energy which heats the post-reactive process gaseous material such that a heated post-reactive process gaseous material is5                 produced;the heated post-reactive process gaseous material becomes disposed in heat transfer communication with the heat exchanger;air is drawn across the heat exchanger, with effect that the air is disposed in indirect heat transfer with the heated post-reactive process gaseous material via the heat10                  exchanger for heating the air, with effect that the air is heated by the heated postreactive process gaseous material; andthe heated air is conducted through a building.

20. The system as claimed in 19, wherein:the maximum cross-sectional flow area of the nozzle is less than 3.14 X 10-6 square inches and 15 greater than 7.85 X 10-7 square inches, for mitigating flashback from the reaction zone.

21. A system for producing heat energy comprising:a source of gaseous molecular hydrogen;an eductor fluidly coupled to the gaseous molecular hydrogen source for receiving the gaseous molecular hydrogen, the eductor configured to discharge gaseous molecular hydrogen in response 20 to the venturi effect, wherein the pressure of the discharged gaseous molecular hydrogen is greaterthan the pressure of the gaseous molecular hydrogen that is received by the eductor;a manifold fluidly coupled to the eductor for receiving a flow of the gaseous molecular hydrogen discharged from the eductor, the flow of the gaseous molecular hydrogen being urged by the pressure of the discharged gaseous molecular hydrogen;25 a nozzle for discharging the gaseous molecular hydrogen received by the manifold;an igniter for effecting ignition of reaction zone material within a reaction zone;a flame arrestor, disposed between the manifold and the source of gaseous molecular hydrogen, for mitigating flashback from the reaction zone; and2024201957   25 May 2026a heat exchanger;wherein:the source of gaseous molecular hydrogen, the manifold, the nozzle, the igniter, the reaction zone, and the heat exchanger are co-operatively configured such that, while: (i) the gaseous5          molecular hydrogen that is discharged from the eductor is being received by the manifold,the receiving effectuated by flowing of the gaseous molecular hydrogen from the eductor to the manifold that is urged by the pressure of the gaseous molecular hydrogen that is discharged from the eductor, and discharged via the nozzle to the reaction zone, and (ii) oxidant is also being supplied to the reaction zone, such that the reaction zone material10          includes the gaseous molecular hydrogen and the oxidant:in response to ignition of the reaction zone material within the reaction zone by the igniter, the reaction zone material is converted to reaction products via a reactive process, such that a post-reactive process gaseous material is produced, wherein the post-reactive process gaseous material includes the reaction products;15                 the reactive process includes combustion of the gaseous molecular hydrogeneffected by the oxidant;the reactive process produces heat energy which heats the post-reactive process gaseous material such that a heated post-reactive process gaseous material is produced;20                 the heated post-reactive process gaseous material becomes disposed in heat transfercommunication with the heat exchanger; andair is drawn across the heat exchanger, with effect that the air is disposed in indirect heat transfer with the heated post-reactive process gaseous material via the heat exchanger for heating the air, with effect that the air is heated by the heated post-25                 reactive process gaseous material; andthe heated air is conducted through a building.

22. The system as claimed in claim 21;wherein:2024201957   25 May 2026the manifold is fluidly coupled to the source of gaseous molecular hydrogen via the flame arrestor.

23. A process for heating ambient air, comprising:electrolyzing water, with effect that gaseous molecular hydrogen is produced;5 emplacing reaction zone material within a reaction zone, wherein the reaction zone material includes the produced gaseous molecular hydrogen and an oxidant;igniting the reaction zone material combined fluid material, with effect that the reaction zone material is converted to reaction products via a reactive process, such that a post-reactive process gaseous material is produced;10 wherein:the reactive process includes combustion of the gaseous molecular hydrogen effected by the oxidant;the reaction products include water vapour;the reactive process produces heat energy which heats the post-reactive process gaseous 15          material such that a heated post-reactive process gaseous material is produced for heatingof ambient air; andthe heated post-reactive process gaseous material includes the reaction products;emplacing a flow of air in indirect heat transfer communication with the heated post-reactive process gaseous material, with effect that the flow of air is heated by the heated post-reactive 20 process gaseous material;conducting the heated flow of air through a building; andthe heating of the air with the heated post-reactive process gaseous material via indirect heat transfer is with effect that the water vapour of the reaction products is condensed, such that liquid water is obtained;25 wherein the electrolyzing includes electrolyzing of the liquid water that is obtained from the condensing of the water vapour of the reaction products.

24. The process as claimed in claim 23;wherein:2024201957   25 May 2026the electrolyzing of the water is with additional effect that oxygen is produced; and the oxidant includes the produced oxygen.

25. A kit of components for retrofitting a furnace, the furnace including a burner assembly, and5 a heat exchanger, the kit of components comprising:an electrolyzer for effecting electrolysis of water to produce an electrolysis product material including gaseous molecular hydrogen;an eductor, configured to:fluidly couple to the electrolyzer for receiving at least the gaseous molecular hydrogen of10           the electrolysis product material; andreceive a flow of motive fluid through the eductor such that flow of at least the gaseous molecular hydrogen, of the electrolysis product material, is induced by the flow of motive fluid, in response to the venturi effect, with effect that the motive fluid and the induced flow of at least the gaseous molecular hydrogen are combined such that a combined fluid15          material is obtained and includes the gaseous molecular hydrogen of the electrolysisproduct material, the combined fluid material disposed at a pressure that is higher than the pressure of the gaseous molecular hydrogen of the electrolysis product material; anddischarge the combined fluid material; anda gaseous hydrogen-compatible burner assembly, configured to replace the hydrocarbon burner 20 assembly with effect that the gaseous hydrogen-compatible burner assembly is fluidly coupled to the heat exchanger, the gaseous hydrogen-compatible burner assembly including a fluid conductor for receiving a reaction zone supply discharged from the eductor such that the received reaction zone supply includes at least the gaseous molecular hydrogen of the combined fluid material, and conducting the reaction zone supply to a reaction zone such that a reaction zone material, within25 the reaction zone, is obtained, and an igniter for igniting the reaction zone material disposed within the reaction zone;wherein:the electrolyzer, the gaseous hydrogen-compatible burner assembly, and the eductor are cooperatively configured such that while: (i) the gaseous hydrogen-compatible burner2024201957   25 May 2026assembly is replacing the burner assembly, (ii) the electrolysis product material is being produced by the electrolyzer; (iii) the eductor is fluidly coupled to the electrolyzer for receiving at least the gaseous molecular hydrogen of the electrolysis product material; (iv) the motive fluid is being flowed through the eductor such that flow of at least the gaseous5          molecular hydrogen, of the electrolysis product material, is induced by the flow of motivefluid, in response to the venturi effect, with effect that the motive fluid and the induced flow of at least the gaseous molecular hydrogen are combined such that a combined fluid material is obtained and includes the gaseous molecular hydrogen of the electrolysis product material; and (v) the gaseous hydrogen-compatible burner assembly is fluidly10          coupled to the eductor such that the gaseous hydrogen-compatible burner assembly isreceiving the reaction zone supply, the received reaction zone supply including at least the gaseous molecular hydrogen of the combined fluid material:the received reaction zone supply is conducted to the reaction zone, such that the reaction zone material includes the gaseous molecular hydrogen, the conducting15                 effectuated by flowing of the combined fluid material from the eductor to thereaction zone that is urged by the pressure of the combined fluid material;in response to ignition of the reaction zone material within the reaction zone by the igniter, the reaction zone material is converted to reaction products via a reactive process that includes combustion of the gaseous molecular hydrogen, such that a20                 post-reactive process gaseous material is produced, wherein the post-reactiveprocess gaseous material includes the reaction products;the reactive process produces heat energy which heats the post-reactive process gaseous material such that a heated post-reactive process gaseous material is produced;25                 the heated post-reactive process gaseous material becomes disposed in heat transfercommunication with the heat exchanger;air is drawn across the heat exchanger, with effect that the air is disposed in indirect heat transfer with the heated post-reactive process gaseous material via the heat exchanger for heating the air, with effect that the air is heated by the heated post-30                 reactive process gaseous material; and2024201957   25 May 2026the heated air is conducted through a building.

26. The kit as claimed in claim 25;wherein:the gaseous hydrogen-compatible burner assembly includes a nozzle for effecting the5          discharging of the received reaction zone supply to the reaction zone; andthe nozzle defines a maximum cross-sectional flow area of less than 3.14 X 10-6 square inches.

27. The kit as claimed in claim 25 or claim 26;further comprising:10           a heat sink;wherein the electrolyzer is configured for emplacement in heat transfer communication with the heat sink, such that while electrolysis is being effected by the electrolyzer such that heat is being produced by the electrolysis, at least a portion of the generated heat is transferred to the heat sink.15   28. The kit as claimed in any one of claims 25 to 27;wherein:the motive fluid includes an oxidant; andthe reaction zone supply includes the oxidant of the motive fluid.

29. The kit as claimed in any one of claims 25 to 28;20 wherein the electrolyzer, the gaseous hydrogen-compatible burner assembly, and the eductor are further co-operatively configured such that while: (i) the gaseous hydrogen-compatible burner assembly is replacing the burner assembly, (ii) the electrolysis product material is being produced by the electrolyzer; (iii) the eductor is fluidly coupled to the electrolyzer for receiving at least the gaseous molecular hydrogen of the electrolysis product material; (iv) the motive fluid is being25 flowed through the eductor such that flow of at least the gaseous molecular hydrogen, of the electrolysis product material, is induced by the flow of motive fluid, in response to the venturi effect, with effect that the motive fluid and the induced flow of at least the gaseous molecular2024201957   25 May 2026hydrogen are combined such that a combined fluid material is obtained and includes the gaseous molecular hydrogen of the electrolysis product material; and (v) the gaseous hydrogen-compatible burner assembly is fluidly coupled to the eductor such that the gaseous hydrogen-compatible burner assembly is receiving the reaction zone supply, the received reaction zone supply includes at least5 the gaseous molecular hydrogen of the electrolysis product, and (vi) the received reaction zone supply is conducted to the reaction zone, such that the reaction zone material includes the gaseous molecular hydrogen:in response to the ignition of the reaction zone material within the reaction zone by the igniter, the reaction zone material is converted to the reaction products via the reactive10          process, the reaction products including water vapour, such that the produced post-reactiveprocess gaseous material includes the water vapour; andthe water vapour becomes condensed, such that liquid water is obtained; andthe water, which is electrolyzed by the electrolyzer to produce the electrolysis product material, includes the obtained liquid water.15   30. The kit as claimed in any one of claims 25 to 29;further comprising:a flame arrestor, disposed between the gaseous hydrogen-compatible burner assembly and the electrolyzer, for mitigating flashback from the reaction zone.

31. A system for producing heat energy comprising:20 an electrolyzer for effecting electrolysis of water to produce an electrolysis product material including gaseous molecular hydrogen; anda furnace, fluidly coupled to the electrolyzer for receiving the gaseous molecular hydrogen of at least the electrolysis product material, and configured for combusting the received gaseous molecular hydrogen, and comprising a heat exchanger; and25 a heat sink, disposed in heat transfer communication with the electrolyzer;wherein:2024201957   25 May 2026the combusting of the received gaseous molecular hydrogen is for heating the heat exchanger, to effectuate heating of air that is drawn across the heat exchanger via indirect heat transfer, wherein the heated air is conductible through a building; andthe heat sink is configured such that, while electrolysis is being effected by the electrolyzer, 5           heat is transferred from the water to the heat sink, such that the water is disposed at atemperature wherein vaporization of the water is opposed, wherein the opposing of the vaporization of the water is for opposing the presence of water in the electrolysis product material.

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