Relay type dump truck

Abstract

The present invention relates to an automatic dump truck, in particular to a relay type dump truck, which comprises a bottom plate capable of reciprocatingly moving backwards and retracting forwards, and a front baffle located between a left side plate and a right side plate on the bottom plate. The relay type dump truck differs from the prior art in that: the side of the front baffle close to a vehicle head is provided with an anti-retraction mechanism; and when the bottom plate moves backwards, the anti-retraction mechanism does not attract or does not form mutual attraction with the left side plate and the right side plate, and, when the bottom plate retracts forwards, the anti-retraction mechanism attracts or forms mutual attraction with the left side plate and the right side plate. Compared with the prior art, the present invention uses an active anti-retraction mechanism to replace an elastic plate in the prior art or additionally arranges an active anti-retraction mechanism to an elastic plate, so as to ensure that a front baffle does not retract along with a bottom plate when the bottom plate retracts, resulting in quicker and more thorough unloading.

Description

A relay unloading truck Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an automatic unloading truck, in particular to a relay type unloading truck. Background Art

[0002] The inventor has previously disclosed, under publication number CN112026617B, a loading and unloading device and a transport vehicle with a reciprocating bottom plate and a follow-up front plate, comprising a vehicle frame, a bottom plate, a left side plate, a right side plate, and a front plate. The left side plate and the right side plate are fixedly connected to the vehicle frame, and the vehicle frame rolls to support the bottom plate. The bottom plate reciprocates in rearward and forward movement, and elastic plates bent forward are fixedly provided on both sides of the front plate, and the free ends of the elastic plates abut against the inner side surfaces of the left and right sides, respectively. When the front plate moves away from the front of the vehicle, i.e., rearward, the force applied to the elastic plates is consistent with the direction of its movement, and the elastic plates contract toward the middle, forming a "co-movement" relationship with the side plates of the vehicle body, allowing the front plate to smoothly follow the bottom plate forward. When the bottom plate retracts, the force applied to the elastic plates is opposite to the direction of its movement, and the elastic plates expand to the left and right sides, forming a "cross-movement" relationship with the side plates of the vehicle body, allowing the front plate to be supported and locked on the left and right side plates, and not to retract with the bottom plate. In this way, the goods will gradually fall out of the carriage, achieving the purpose of automatic unloading.

[0003] However, in actual applications, especially when the cargo is heavy or has high viscosity, the locking force of the front baffle supported on the left and right side plates by the elastic plate is insufficient, resulting in the front baffle retreating slowly or synchronously with the bottom plate when the bottom plate retreats, resulting in poor unloading or even failure to unload.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the technical defects or one of the technical defects in the prior art, the present invention provides a relay type unloading truck, and the technical solution adopted is:

[0006] A relay-type unloading truck includes a bottom plate that can be reciprocally displaced backward and retracted forward, and a front baffle located on the bottom plate and between a left side plate and a right side plate. Unlike the prior art, a retraction prevention mechanism is configured on the side of the front baffle close to the front of the truck. When the bottom plate is displaced backward, the retraction prevention mechanism does not engage with the left side plate and the right side plate or establish mutual attraction between them, and when the bottom plate is retracted forward, the retraction prevention mechanism engages with the left side plate and the right side plate or establishes mutual attraction between them.

[0007] Furthermore, the anti-retreat mechanism includes two lifting electromagnets, each of which is hinged to the front end of the connecting plate and the outer end of the telescopic rod, the rear end of the connecting plate is hinged to the front baffle, the inner end of the telescopic rod is inserted into the sleeve, a baffle is fixed on the telescopic rod outside the sleeve, and a spring is mounted on the telescopic rod between the baffle and the end face of the sleeve; when the base plate retracts forward, the lifting electromagnet is energized and adsorbed together with the left plate or the right plate, and when the base plate moves backward, the lifting electromagnet is de-energized and abuts against the left plate or the right plate.

[0008] Furthermore, the anti-retreat mechanism includes two friction plates, one friction plate is hinged to the front end of a connecting plate and the piston rod of the anti-retreat cylinder, the other friction plate is hinged to the front end of the other connecting plate and the cylinder body of the anti-retreat cylinder, and the rear ends of the two connecting plates are hinged to the front baffles; when the base plate retracts forward, the anti-retreat cylinder moves out, and the two friction plates are tightly abutted against the left plate or the right plate respectively; when the base plate moves backward, the anti-retreat cylinder moves back, and the two friction plates leave the left plate or the right plate.

[0009] Furthermore, the cylinder body of the anti-retraction oil cylinder is fixedly connected to the extension rod, and the other friction plate is hinged to the cylinder body of the anti-retraction oil cylinder through the extension rod.

[0010] Furthermore, the friction plate includes a rubber plate capable of abutting against the left plate or the right plate and a supporting steel plate fixed to the rubber plate.

[0011] Furthermore, a flap is connected to the side of the front fender away from the front of the vehicle, and the width of the flap is greater than the width of the gap between the front fender and the left or right panel. The flap is suitable for blocking the gap between the front fender and the left or right panel and scraping off residual cargo on the inner surface of the left or right panel.

[0012] Furthermore, the inner distance between the left side plate and the right side plate at the front end is smaller than the inner distance between the left side plate and the right side plate at the rear end.

[0013] Furthermore, the height of the bottom plate from the ground at the front end is greater than the height of the bottom plate from the ground at the rear end.

[0014] Furthermore, a plurality of rolling bearings, bushings, linear roller guides or universal ball bearings are fixed on the frame, and the outer cylindrical surfaces of the rolling bearings, bushings or the outer spherical surfaces of the linear roller guides and universal ball bearings support the lower surface of the base plate.

[0015] Furthermore, the vehicle frame is connected to the cylinder bodies of more than one double-acting push-pull cylinders, and the piston rods of the double-acting push-pull cylinders are connected to the base plate.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts an active anti-retraction mechanism to replace the elastic plate of the prior art or adds an active anti-retraction mechanism on the basis of the elastic plate, ensuring that the front baffle does not follow the bottom plate when the bottom plate retracts, and unloading is faster and more thorough. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of Example 1.

[0018] FIG2 is an enlarged view of the local structure of FIG1 .

[0019] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of Example 1 from another perspective.

[0020] FIG4 is an enlarged view of the local structure of FIG3.

[0021] FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of Example 2.

[0022] FIG6 is an enlarged view of the local structure of FIG5.

[0023] FIG7 is a structural diagram of embodiment 2 from another perspective.

[0024] FIG8 is an enlarged view of the local structure of FIG7.

[0025] FIG9 is a schematic structural diagram of Example 3.

[0026] FIG10 is an enlarged view of the local structure of FIG9. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] Example 1, refer to Figures 1-4.

[0029] A relay-type unloading truck includes a base plate 2 that can be reciprocally displaced backward and retracted forward, a front baffle 9 located on the base plate 2 and between a left side plate 11 and a right side plate 12, the left side plate 11 and the right side plate 12 are fixedly connected to the frame 1, and a backstop mechanism is configured on the side of the front baffle 9 close to the front of the vehicle, the backstop mechanism includes two lifting electromagnets 102, each lifting electromagnet 102 is hinged to the front end of a connecting plate 101 and the outer end of a telescopic rod 103, the rear end of the connecting plate 101 is hinged to the front baffle 9, and the inner end of the telescopic rod 103 is inserted into a sleeve 104. In another preferred embodiment, a stopper 106 is fixed on the telescopic rod 103 outside the sleeve 104, and a spring 105 is sleeved on the telescopic rod 103 between the stopper 106 and the end face of the sleeve 104.

[0030] Since a carriage is usually narrow in front and wide in the back, the lifting electromagnet 102 is connected to a telescopic rod 103, and the telescopic rod 103 can be displaced left and right relative to the sleeve 104, thereby adapting to the narrow front and wide back of the carriage.

[0031] The function of the spring 105 is simply to keep the lifting electromagnet 102 always close to or lightly abut the left side plate 11 or the right side plate 12, so that the lifting electromagnet 102 and the left side plate 11 or the right side plate 12 can be magnetically attracted together without any stroke when needed. If there were no spring, there might be a gap between the lifting electromagnet 102 and the left side plate 11 or the right side plate 12. After power is turned on, under the action of the huge magnetic force, the lifting electromagnet 102 would collide heavily with the left side plate 11 or the right side plate 12, which might deform the left side plate 11 or the right side plate 12 or even break the lifting electromagnet 102. Therefore, the function of the spring is not to provide a pressing force, which is different from the working principle and purpose of the elastic plate and the spring thereon in the prior art. The elastic plate of the prior art is not the anti-retraction mechanism of the present embodiment. The anti-retraction mechanism of the present invention is intermittent, that is, when the base plate moves backward, it does not engage with or establish mutual attraction between the left and right sides, and when the base plate withdraws forward, it engages with or establishes mutual attraction between the left and right sides. However, the elastic plate in the prior art always contacts the left plate and the right plate and establishes a contact force.

[0032] When unloading, the tailgate is first flipped upward and opened. The cargo on the bottom plate 2 naturally collapses and falls down, and the remaining cargo is piled up on the bottom plate 2 in a sloped shape. At this time, the two lifting electromagnets 102 are in a de-energized state and are in contact with the left side plate 11 or the right side plate 12 by the elastic force of the springs. The bottom plate 2 is then translated a distance, such as 50 cm, away from the front of the vehicle. Since there is also cargo piled on the carriage 91, which is connected to the front plate 9, the cargo will exert a pulling force on the carriage as it moves with the bottom plate 2. Since the two lifting electromagnets 102 only contact the left side plate 11 or the right side plate 12 by the elastic force of the springs, the friction between them is very small and can be ignored. Therefore, the front plate 9 will also translate accordingly. At this time, although the cargo is still on the bottom plate, the cargo within 50 cm from the rear end of the bottom plate will be outside the vehicle compartment.

[0033] Then the bottom plate 2 is withdrawn in the opposite direction, and the two lifting electromagnets 102 are energized at the same time. Since the left side plate 11 or the right side plate 12 are both steel plates, the two lifting electromagnets 102 are adsorbed together with the left side plate 11 or the right side plate 12 respectively. The lifting electromagnet is a relatively mature product with a lifting capacity of several tons to tens of tons. When the bottom plate 2 is withdrawn in the opposite direction, it can prevent the front baffle 9 from moving horizontally toward the front of the vehicle with the bottom plate 2. The cargo is blocked by the front baffle 9 and moves horizontally toward the front of the vehicle, causing the cargo within 50 cm from the rear end of the bottom plate to lose the support of the bottom plate 2 and fall out of the car; after the bottom plate 2 is withdrawn in the opposite direction, the two lifting electromagnets 102 are restored to the power-off state.

[0034] When the bottom plate 2 is moved 50 cm away from the front of the vehicle again, the cargo within 50 cm from the rear end of the bottom plate is again placed on the bottom plate outside the car range. When the bottom plate 2 is withdrawn in the opposite direction again, this part of the cargo is unloaded again. This relay is repeated again, and the front baffle 9 gets closer and closer to the rear end of the car. The cargo is gradually unloaded outside the car, and finally all the cargo on the bottom plate 2 is unloaded.

[0035] After unloading is completed, the front fender is dragged back to the front end of the carriage near the front of the vehicle and reset by pulling the pull rope (not shown in the figure) through a winch or other device configured in the front of the carriage.

[0036] Example 2, refer to Figures 5-8.

[0037] Another relay-type unloading truck includes a base plate 2 that can be reciprocally displaced backward and retracted forward, a front fender 9 located on the base plate 2, between the left plate 11 and the right plate 12, the left plate 11 and the right plate 12 are fixed to the frame 1, and a backstop mechanism is configured on the side of the front fender 9 close to the front of the vehicle, the backstop mechanism includes two friction plates 107, one friction plate 107 is hinged to the front end of a connecting plate 101 and the piston rod of the backstop cylinder 108, the other friction plate 107 is hinged to the front end of the other connecting plate 101 and the cylinder body of the backstop cylinder 108, and the rear ends of the two connecting plates 101 are respectively hinged to the front fender 9; when the base plate 2 is retracted forward, the backstop cylinder 108 is moved out, and the two friction plates 107 are tightly abutted against the left plate 11 or the right plate 12, and when the base plate 2 is displaced backward, the backstop cylinder 108 is returned, and the two friction plates 107 leave the left plate 11 or the right plate 12. The cylinder body of the anti-recoil cylinder 108 is fixedly connected to the extension rod 109, and the other friction plate 107 is hinged to the cylinder body of the anti-recoil cylinder 108 through the extension rod 109. The friction plate 107 includes a rubber plate 1071 that can abut against the left plate 11 or the right plate 12 and a supporting steel plate 1072 fixed to the rubber plate 1071. The anti-recoil cylinder 108 is supported in a floating state by two connecting plates 101 on both sides, and both ends of the anti-recoil cylinder 108 are hinged. Therefore, when the piston rod of the anti-recoil cylinder 108 applies force, the direction of force is always consistent with its axial direction, and the problem of bending the piston rod will not occur. At the same time, the connecting plate is hinged to the two friction plates 107, and the friction resistance generated between the friction plate 107 and the left plate 11 or the right plate 12 is directly transmitted to the front baffle 9 through the connecting plate, and will not be transmitted to the piston rod, which also avoids the problem of bending the piston rod. The rubber plate 1071 has a certain elasticity and a high friction coefficient. When pressed, it can fully contact the left plate 11 or the right plate 12, thereby increasing friction. Furthermore, when pressed, the rubber plate 1071 can squeeze out the air between the left plate 11 or the right plate 12, creating a vacuum. The external atmospheric pressure also increases the bonding force between the friction plate 107 and the left plate 11 or the right plate 12.

[0038] When unloading, the tailgate is first flipped upward and opened. The cargo on the bottom plate 2 naturally collapses and falls down, and the remaining cargo is piled up on the bottom plate 2 in a sloped shape. At this time, the anti-retraction cylinder 108 is in the return state, and the two friction plates 107 are not in contact with the left plate 11 or the right plate 12. The bottom plate 2 is then translated a distance away from the front of the vehicle, such as 50 cm. Since there is also cargo piled on the drag plate 91, which is connected to the front plate 9, the cargo will exert a pulling force on the drag plate as it moves with the bottom plate 2. Since the two friction plates 107 are not in contact with the left plate 11 or the right plate 12, there is no friction, so the front plate 9 will also move with it. At this time, although the cargo is still on the bottom plate, the cargo within 50 cm from the rear end of the bottom plate will be outside the vehicle compartment.

[0039] Then the bottom plate 2 is withdrawn in the opposite direction, and the anti-retraction cylinder 108 is moved out, causing the two friction plates 107 to be tightly contacted with the left plate 11 or the right plate 12 respectively, which can prevent the front baffle 9 from moving toward the front of the vehicle along with the bottom plate 2. The cargo is blocked by the front baffle 9 and moves toward the front of the vehicle, causing the cargo within 50 cm from the rear end of the bottom plate to lose the support of the bottom plate 2 and fall out of the vehicle; after the bottom plate 2 is withdrawn in the opposite direction, the anti-retraction cylinder 108 returns, and the two friction plates 107 and the left plate 11 or the right plate 12 are restored to a separated state.

[0040] When the bottom plate 2 is moved 50 cm away from the front of the vehicle again, the cargo within 50 cm from the rear end of the bottom plate is again placed on the bottom plate outside the car range. When the bottom plate 2 is withdrawn in the opposite direction again, this part of the cargo is unloaded again. This relay is repeated again, and the front baffle 9 gets closer and closer to the rear end of the car. The cargo is gradually unloaded outside the car, and finally all the cargo on the bottom plate 2 is unloaded.

[0041] After unloading is completed, the front fender is dragged back to the front end of the carriage near the front of the vehicle and reset by pulling the pull rope (not shown in the figure) through a winch or other device configured in the front of the carriage.

[0042] Example 3, refer to Figures 5-10.

[0043] On the basis of embodiment 2, two sets of anti-recoil mechanisms are added, sharing one set of friction plates. This can further increase the friction between the friction plates and the left plate 11 and the right plate 12, thereby improving the anti-recoil effect.

[0044] In another preferred embodiment, the side of the front baffle 9 away from the front of the vehicle is connected to the flap 5. If the flap 5 is an elastic plate, it can be fixed to the front baffle 9. If the flap 5 is a hard plate, it can be hinged to the front baffle 9. The width of the flap 5 is greater than the width of the gap between the front baffle 9 and the left side plate 11 or the right side plate 12. The flap 5 is suitable for blocking the gap between the front baffle 9 and the left side plate 11 or the right side plate 12 and scraping off the residual cargo on the inner surface of the left side plate 11 or the right side plate 12.

[0045] In another preferred embodiment, the inner distance between the left and right side panels 11, 12 at the front is smaller than that at the rear, resulting in a "narrower front and wider rear" carriage. As cargo moves rearward relative to the left and right side panels 11, 12, the passageway widens, preventing congestion.

[0046] In another preferred embodiment, the floor panel 2 is higher from the ground at the front than at the rear, creating a "higher front, lower back" appearance for the carriage. This allows cargo to be moved rearward relative to the left and right side panels 11, 12 with less effort, and the greater the degree of inclination, the less effort is required. In extreme cases, when the inclination angle exceeds the limit or stable angle for the cargo to naturally collapse, the cargo will unload under its own weight. This is undesirable on transport vehicles and will result in a very low cargo capacity. In practice, an optimal balance point, such as 5-8 degrees, is typically found.

[0047] In another preferred embodiment, the frame 1 is fixed with several rolling bearings 3, bushings, linear roller guides, or universal ball bearings. The outer circumferences of the rolling bearings 3, bushings, linear roller guides, and universal ball bearings support the lower surface of the base plate 2. The frame 1 is connected to the cylinder bodies of one or more double-acting push-pull cylinders 4, the piston rods of which are connected to the base plate 2. The double-acting push-pull cylinders 4 achieve reciprocating translation of the base plate 2.

[0048] Based on the above principles, the present invention may also make appropriate changes and modifications to the above-described specific embodiments. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described above, and any modifications and variations of the present invention should also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention. In addition, although certain specific terms are used in this specification, these terms are merely for convenience of description and do not constitute any limitation to the present invention.

Claims

1. A relay type unloading truck, comprising a bottom plate (2) capable of reciprocatingly moving backward and forward, a front baffle (9) located on the bottom plate (2) and between a left side plate (11) and a right side plate (12), characterized in that: A backstop mechanism is arranged on a side of the front baffle plate (9) close to the front of the vehicle. When the bottom plate (2) moves backward, the backstop mechanism does not engage with or establish mutual attraction between the left side plate (11) and the right side plate (12), and when the bottom plate (2) moves forward, the backstop mechanism engages with or establishes mutual attraction between the left side plate (11) and the right side plate (12).

2. A relay type unloading truck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-retraction mechanism comprises two lifting electromagnets (102), each lifting electromagnet (102) being hinged to the front end of the connecting plate (101) and the outer end of the telescopic rod (103), the rear end of the connecting plate (101) being hinged to the front baffle (9), the inner end of the telescopic rod (103) being inserted into the sleeve (104), and when the bottom plate (2) is retracted forward, the lifting electromagnet (102) is energized and adsorbed together with the left side plate (11) or the right side plate (12), and when the bottom plate (2) is displaced backward, the lifting electromagnet (102) is de-energized and abuts against the left side plate (11) or the right side plate (12).

3. A relay type unloading truck according to claim 2, characterized in that: A stopper (106) is fixedly arranged on the telescopic rod (103) outside the sleeve (104), and a spring (105) is sleeved on the telescopic rod (103) between the stopper (106) and the end surface of the sleeve (104).

4. A relay type unloading truck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-retraction mechanism comprises two friction plates (107), one friction plate (107) is respectively hinged to the front end of a connecting plate (101) and the piston rod of the anti-retraction oil cylinder (108), the other friction plate (107) is respectively hinged to the front end of the other connecting plate (101) and the cylinder body of the anti-retraction oil cylinder (108), and the rear ends of the two connecting plates (101) are respectively hinged to the front baffle plate (9); when the bottom plate (2) retreats forward, the anti-retraction oil cylinder (108) moves out, and the two friction plates (107) are respectively tightly abutted against the left side plate (11) or the right side plate (12); when the bottom plate (2) moves backward, the anti-retraction oil cylinder (108) moves back, and the two friction plates (107) leave the left side plate (11) or the right side plate (12).

5. A relay type unloading truck according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cylinder body of the anti-retraction oil cylinder (108) is fixedly connected to the extension rod (109), and the other friction plate (107) is hinged to the cylinder body of the anti-retraction oil cylinder (108) through the extension rod (109).

6. A relay type unloading truck according to claim 4, characterized in that: The friction plate (107) comprises a rubber plate (1071) capable of abutting against the left plate (11) or the right plate (12) and a supporting steel plate (1072) fixedly connected to the rubber plate (1071).

7. A relay type unloading truck according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: A flap (5) is connected to a side of the front baffle (9) away from the front of the vehicle. The width of the flap (5) is greater than the width of the gap between the front baffle (9) and the left side plate (11) or the right side plate (12). The flap (5) is suitable for blocking the gap between the front baffle (9) and the left side plate (11) or the right side plate (12) and scraping off residual goods on the inner surface of the left side plate (11) or the right side plate (12).

8. A relay type unloading truck according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The inner distance between the left side plate (11) and the right side plate (12) at the front end is smaller than the inner distance between them at the rear end.

9. A relay type unloading truck according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The height of the bottom plate (2) from the ground at the front end is greater than the height of the bottom plate (2) from the ground at the rear end.

10. A relay type unloading truck according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: A plurality of rolling bearings (3), shaft sleeves, linear roller guides or universal ball bearings are fixedly mounted on the vehicle frame (1); the outer cylindrical surfaces of the rolling bearings (3), shaft sleeves or linear roller guides, and the outer spherical surfaces of the universal ball bearings support the lower surface of the base plate (2); the vehicle frame (1) is connected to the cylinder bodies of more than one double-acting push-pull oil cylinder (4), and the piston rods of the double-acting push-pull oil cylinders (4) are connected to the base plate (2).

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