Device and agitator system for the mechanical activation of organic and / or inorganic substances and / or substance mixtures in chemical, pharmaceutical, food-related and / or building material-related applications

Abstract

DEVICE AND AGITATOR SYSTEM FOR THE MECHANICAL ACTIVATION OF ORGANIC AND / OR INORGANIC SUBSTANCES AND / OR SUBSTANCE MIXTURES IN CHEMICAL, PHARMACEUTICAL, FOOD-RELATED AND / OR BUILDING MATERIAL-RELATED APPLICATIONS The present invention creates device (1) for the mechanical activation of organic and / or inorganic substances and / or substance mixtures in chemical, pharmaceutical, food-related and / or building material-related applications. The device (1) comprises a disk-like agitating body means (2) for the rotationally fixed mounting on an agitator shaft (12) ; and at least one impact unit (3), which has a head region (4) with an activation surface (5) for cooperation with activation bodies (K), wherein the at least one impact unit (3) is fastened to the disk-like agitating body means (2) radially on the outside with respect to an axis of rotation (X) of the disk-like agitating body means (2). The present invention further creates an agitator system (10) with a device (1) of this type. (Fig. 1) 20 25 20 56 46 21 J ul 2 02 5 A B S T R A C T 2 0 2 5 2 0 5 6 4 6 2 1 J u l 2 0 2 5 D E V I C E A N D A G I T A T O R S Y S T E M F O R T H E M E C H A N I C A L A C T I V A T I O N O F B U I L D I N G M A T E R I A L - R E L A T E D A P P L I C A T I O N S A B S T R A C T 2 0 2 5 2 0 5 6 4 6 2 1 J u l 2 0 2 5 D E V I C E A N D A G I T A T O R S Y S T E M F O R T H E M E C H A N I C A L A C T I V A T I O N O F B U I L D I N G M A T E R I A L - R E L A T E D A P P L I C A T I O N S 1 / 3 10 Fig. 1 Z5 U X 13 14 15 16 18 19 17 17 4 2 K 12 11 Z2 Z3 Z1 20 1 1 Z4 1 / 3 10 15 13 Z4 18 20 17 4 0: 17 Z2 Z3 1 Z1 1 X 12 U 14 Z5 19 2 11 K 16 Fig. 1 20 25 20 56 46 21 J ul 2 02 5 2 1 J u l 2 0 2 5 2 0 2 5 2 0 5 6 4 6 U 1 4 Z 5 2 K 1 6 2 1 J u l 2 0 2 5 2 0 2 5 2 0 5 6 4 6 U 1 4 2 K 1 6

Description

The present disclosure relates to a device for the mechanical activation of organic and / or inorganic substances and / or substance mixtures in chemical, pharmaceutical, food-related and / or building material-related applications as well as an 10 agitator system with a device of this type. The point of mechanochemistry is that material is brought into an active state, in which the material is particularly reactive, by means of a mechanical activation, in particular 15 by means of shear and normal strains. Mechanochemistry is thus understood to be the mechanical activation of chemical reactions. This can be attributed, for example, to a destabilization of the atomic bond and changes to the crystal structures. The reactions are additionally promoted by the 20 comminution of the particles and the creation of new reactive surfaces. In contrast to previous reactions, the mechanochemistry can manage without any solvents or any thermal treatment, which can have a negative impact on the environment. 25 Until now, vibratory mills and planetary ball mills as well as extrusion processes have been used in the prior art for this purpose. The machines used thereby are characterized by an insufficient degree of activation as well as the scaling, 30 which is only partly possible, to a production-related scale. Until now, an adaptation or setting, respectively, of the geometric and process-related activation parameters to the substances or substance mixtures to be activated, has likewise only been limited. 35 A majority of the reactions, which run in ball mills, are assigned to catalytic processes. Here, known reactions are, 2025205646   12 Oct 2026 for example, C-N or C-C cross-coupling, cyclo-additivation, polymer reactions or C-H activation. It is a known disadvantage of catalytic processes that the recovery of the catalyst is difficult to accomplish for the most part. 5 Any discussion of documents, acts, materials, devices, articles or the like which has been included in the present specification is not to be taken as an admission that any or all of these matters form part of the prior art base or were 10 common general knowledge in the field relevant to the present disclosure as it existed before the priority date of each of the appended claims. Throughout this specification the word "comprise", or 15 variations such as "comprises" or "comprising", will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated element, integer or step, or group of elements, integers or steps, but not the exclusion of any other element, integer or step, or group of elements, integers or steps. 20 The present disclosure provides a device and an agitator system for chemical, pharmaceutical, food-related and / or building material-related applications, which can be embodied without solvents and which can be scaled to a 25 sufficient production-related scale. According to a first aspect, a device for the mechanical activation of organic and / or inorganic substances and / or substance mixtures in chemical, pharmaceutical, food-related 30 and / or building material-related applications is provided. The device comprises a disk-like agitating body means for the rotationally fixed mounting on an agitator shaft. The disk-like agitating body means has at least one passage opening, which extends in the direction of the axis of 35 rotation. A size of the at least one passage opening is variable, so that a permeability of the disk-like agitating body means can be varied. The device further comprises at 2025205646   12 Oct 2026 least one impact unit, which has a head region with an activation surface for cooperation with activation bodies. The at least one impact unit is fastened to the disk-like agitating body means radially on the outside with respect to 5 an axis of rotation of the disk-like agitating body means. According to a second aspect, an agitator system for the mechanical activation of organic and / or inorganic substances and / or substance mixtures in chemical, pharmaceutical, food-10 related and / or building material-related applications is provided. The agitator system comprises a container for receiving activation bodies as well as a substance and / or substance mixture to be activated. The agitator system further comprises an agitator shaft, which is mounted in the 15 container and so as to be rotatable with respect to the container. The agitator system furthermore comprises at least one device according to the first aspect, wherein the disk-like agitating body means is mounted in a rotationally fixed manner on the agitator shaft. 20 An idea on which the present disclosure is based is to effect a mechanical activation of the substances and / or substance mixtures introduced into the agitator system or into the container, respectively, by means of the device, in 25 particular to accelerate carrying out mechanochemical reactions in the agitator system or to make them possible in the first place. The activation bodies located in the interior of the container are set into the motion, which is desired for the activation reaction, by means of the 30 rotational movement of the at least one impact unit or of the impact units, respectively. The at least one impact unit can in particular protrude radially or in the radial direction, respectively, from the 35 disk-like agitating body means with respect to the axis of rotation of the disk-like agitating body means. 2025205646   12 Oct 2026 In terms of the present disclosure, the mechanical activation of organic and / or inorganic substances and / or substance mixtures in chemical, pharmaceutical, food-related and / or building material-related applications refers to the effect 5 of mechanical stresses on the substance and / or the substance mixture, so that chemical reactions, in particular reactions relating to polymers, are set in motion or are activated, respectively. For example, mechanical stresses of this type can lead to the depolymerization of polymers. In particular, 10 no solvents or the like are used during the mechanical activation. This means that the mechanical activation for the mechanochemical effect is carried out in a dry container. It is an advantage that no byproducts are created. It is a 15 further advantage that significantly less energy is required due to the device according to the disclosure and / or that the reaction of the substance and / or substance mixture can run in a greatly accelerated manner. 20 A degree of activation can furthermore be increased and a scaling and adaptability for different applications can be improved. Advantageous embodiments and further developments result 25 from the subclaims, which are dependent on the independent claims, as well as from the description with reference to the figures. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the at 30 least one impact unit has a plurality of impact units, which are arranged so as to be distributed evenly in a circumferential direction of the disk-like agitating body means. The substance and / or the substance mixture to be activated can be activated essentially evenly by means of 35 the plurality of impact units in this way when the disk-like agitating body means rotates. 2025205646   12 Oct 2026 According to a further embodiment, the plurality of impact units is selected as a function of an angle between two adjacent impact units, of a diameter of the disk-like agitating body means, of a rotational speed of the disk-like 5 agitating body means and of a diameter of the activation bodies. The number of the impact units can thus be selected as needed at the disk-like agitating body means. The angle between two adjacent impact units can be, for example, approximately 10" to approximately 180°, in particular 10 approximately 10" to approximately 120". For example, the at least one impact unit can have a length in the range of approximately 10 mm to approximately 120 mm. The head region of the at least one impact unit can in 15 particular have a length in the range of approximately 10 mm to approximately 120 mm. According to a further embodiment, the disk-like agitating body means has at least one passage opening, which extends 20 in the direction of the axis of rotation. A size of the at least one passage opening can furthermore be variable, so that a permeability of the disk-like agitating body means can be varied. An air quantity, which flows through, and a substance and / or substance mixture to be activated can be 25 forced in this way to flow around the disk-like agitating body means. According to a further embodiment, the at least one passage opening has a plurality of passage openings, which are 30 arranged so as to be distributed evenly in a circumferential direction of the disk-like agitating body means. The substance and / or the substance mixture can thus pass or flow through, respectively, the disk-like agitating body means, without coming into contact with the at least one impact 35 unit. 2025205646   12 Oct 2026 According to a further embodiment, the activation surface is aligned in an angular range of approximately 0° to approximately 45° with respect to the axis of rotation. The activation surface can thus improve shear forces and can 5 thus effect a higher activation with lower energy consumption. In an exemplary manner, the activation surface is formed, for example, in an essentially flat manner. According to a further embodiment, the head region is 10 connected to the impact unit in an exchangeable manner. The head region can be changed as needed in this way, for example when the activation surface is worn out or when, for example, a different size and / or shape of the activation surface is provided for the substance and / or substance mixture to be 15 activated. The head region can thus be formed in a modular manner. Advantageously, a surface load of the activation surface can thus be improved or a width of the head region can be changed as a function of a hardness of the substance and / or substance mixture to be activated. 20 According to a further embodiment, the head region has an essentially cube-like shape. According to a further embodiment, the at least one impact 25 unit has an extension arm, which is arranged between the disk-like agitating body means and the activation surface. A first end region of the extension arm can thereby be fastened to the disk-like agitating body means and a second end region facing away from the first end region can be 30 coupled to the activation surface. According to an embodiment of the agitator system, a radially outer end of the at least one impact unit has a distance from the container in the range of twice to ten times a 35 diameter of the activation bodies. The activation bodies can flow past the at least one impact unit in this way, wherein 2025205646   12 Oct 2026 a desired activation effect can be ensured by means of the at least one impact unit. According to a further embodiment, the at least one device 5 has a plurality of devices, which are arranged in series on the agitator shaft. For example, the plurality or number, respectively, of devices can be 4 to 20, in particular 7 to 15. Alternatively or additionally, the plurality or number, respectively, of devices can be a function of the diameter 10 of the activation bodies and of a ratio of length to diameter of the container. According to a further embodiment, the at least one impact unit of adjacent devices of the plurality of devices are in 15 each case arranged on the agitator shaft with an offset of 5” to 90° from one another. The activation surfaces can thus be increased and / or the distances between the adjacent devices can be decreased, without the impact units of the adjacent devices colliding with one another. Alternatively, 20 the at least one impact unit of adjacent devices of the plurality of devices can in each case be arranged on the agitator shaft so as to be aligned with one another. A distance between two devices can be, for example, between 25  10 times and 30 times or between 4 and 100 times a diameter of the activation bodies. The distance between two head regions can in particular be dimensioned by impact units, which are arranged so as to be aligned with one another. 30 According to a further embodiment, the container has a plurality of activation zones, which differ from one another and which are arranged successively along a flow-through direction of the substance and / or substance mixture to be activated. A number, a type and / or a design of the plurality 35 of activation zones, which differ from one another, can be selected thereby as a function of the substance and / or substance mixture to be activated. 2025205646   12 Oct 2026 The flow-through direction corresponds, for example, to the axis of rotation of the disk-like agitating body means or the agitator shaft, respectively. The container can have a 5 ratio of length to diameter in a range of approximately 2 to approximately 5. The container is preferably formed cylindrically. The axis of rotation of the agitator shaft can be aligned, for example, essentially horizontally in the container. The agitator shaft can in particular be attached 10 centrically in the container in a rotatable manner. The container can furthermore be stationary with respect to a surrounding area. The container can optionally have a coating on its inner side. The coating can contain a reactive 15 material, for example palladium. The mechanochemical reaction effect in the container can be improved or made possible in the first place by means of the coating. According to a further embodiment, the plurality of 20 activation zones, which differ from one another, comprises at least one activation zone selected from the group of an inlet zone for the improved intake of the substance and / or substance mixture to be activated, a comminution zone for providing a particle size distribution suitable for the 25 activation, an activation zone for the creation of a largest possible activation, a relaxation zone and a discharge zone for retaining the activation bodies and avoiding reaction processes of the activated substance and / or substance mixture. For example, the above-mentioned activation zones 30 are arranged in the mentioned order along the flow-through direction. The plurality of activation zones, which differ from one another, can comprise, for example, the inlet zone, the comminution zone, the activation zone and the discharge zone. The relaxation zone can optionally be supplemented 35 thereby. 2025205646   12 Oct 2026 The inlet zone can thereby have at least one inlet tool, wherein the inlet tool is in particular formed as intake auger, as pre-crushing element or the like. The at least one inlet tool can combine several inlet tools of the same type 5 or of a different type. The comminution zone or preactivation zone, respectively, can in particular be formed to achieve a particle size distribution, which is suitable for the activation, wherein a generation or avoidance of superfines is provided, depending on the type of the 10 substance and / or substance mixture to be activated. The activation zone can furthermore be formed to achieve a largest possible activation via a control of a dwell time in the activation zone and a strain type and strain intensity in the activation zone. The discharge zone or outlet zone, 15 respectively, can have a separating system for retaining the activation bodies and avoidance of reaction processes of the activated substance and / or substance mixture. On the basis of a predetermined combination of different 20 structural activation parameters and of different process-related activation parameters, the substance and / or the substance mixture to be activated can be guided through the activation zones. An optimal mechanochemical reaction process can thus be provided. The structural activation 25 parameters comprise, for example, different geometric embodiments of the disk-like agitating body means, of the extension arm and / or of the head region of the impact unit. The process-related activation parameters comprise, for example, a circumferential speed, a fill level of the 30 activation bodies, a temperature in the container and / or flow-through of the container with a process gas, which is required for the mechanochemical reaction. According to a further embodiment, the activation bodies are 35 formed essentially spherically, wherein a sphere-equivalent diameter of the activation bodies lies in the range of approximately 1 mm to approximately 15 mm. The activation 2025205646   12 Oct 2026 bodies can be made of steel, ceramic, plastic, composite material, reactive material, such as, for example, palladium, and / or a material combination thereof. The activation bodies can furthermore be coated with one of the 5 above-mentioned materials or a material combination thereof. According to a further embodiment, the container has a double jacket for the insulation of its interior space with respect to a surrounding area. Alternatively or additionally, the 10 agitator system can have a temperature-control unit for heating or cooling the container. The temperature-control unit can be thermally coupled to the container thereby. The container or its interior space, respectively, can be heated, cooled or heated as well as cooled in this way according to 15 the temperature required for an activation reaction. A movement of the activation bodies, which leads to an impact strain and / or a shear strain, can furthermore be capable of being set as a function of the activation reaction. 20 According to a further embodiment, the agitator shaft is motor-driven. For example, the agitator shaft can be driven by means of a motor arranged outside the container, wherein the motor is formed and operated to be variable in speed. 25 According to a further embodiment, the agitator system has an inlet opening and an outlet opening, wherein the inlet opening and the outlet opening are arranged on opposite sides of the container. For example, the pre-crushing element can 30 be arranged, in particular attached, in the region of the inlet opening. Alternatively or additionally, the outlet opening can be arranged at the discharge zone. The separating system can be installed into the outlet opening thereby. 35 To support or improve the activation reaction, a reaction gas, a fluid or a solid can be added into the container via an additional opening of the container. 2025205646   12 Oct 2026 According to a further embodiment, the agitator system further comprises a spacer sleeve, which is mounted between adjacent devices on the agitator shaft. The spacer sleeve 5 can thereby have, for example, a passage opening, which corresponds to the passage opening of the disk-like agitating body means, so that the passage opening of the spacer sleeve and the passage opening of the disk-like agitating body means can form a common passage opening. In other words, the 10 passage opening of the spacer sleeve and the passage opening of the disk-like agitating body means can be arranged so as to be aligned. An air guidance and thus a control of a flow direction and of a flow speed can thus be influenced. The spacer sleeve can vary in diameter and in shape. The spacer 15 sleeve serves in particular for a targeted guidance of the air and of the substance and / or substance mixture to be activated through the container. For example, the agitator shaft can be formed in one piece 20 or in multiple pieces. Alternatively or additionally, the agitator shaft can be formed as massive shaft or as hollow shaft. Where this makes sense, the above embodiments and further 25 developments can be combined as desired. In particular, all features of the device are transferable to the corresponding method, and vice versa. Further possible embodiments, further developments and implementations of the invention also comprise combinations, which are not mentioned 30 explicitly, of features of the invention, which have been described above or which will be described below with regard to the exemplary embodiments. The person of skill in the art will thereby in particular also add individual aspects as improvements or additions to the respective basic form of 35 the present invention. 2025205646   12 Oct 2026 The present invention will be explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments with reference to the enclosed figures of the drawings, in which: 5 Fig. 1    shows a schematic sectional view of an agitator 10 system for the mechanical activation of organic and / or inorganic substances and / or substance mixtures in chemical, pharmaceutical, food-related and / or building material-related applications according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention; 15 Fig. 2 shows a schematic detail view of a cutout of an agitator shaft of an agitator system according to a further exemplary embodiment of the invention with a plurality of impact units, which are arranged offset from one another; 20 25 Fig. 3 shows a schematic side view of a device for the mechanical activation of organic and / or inorganic substances and / or substance mixtures in chemical, pharmaceutical,   food-related  and / or  building material-related  applications  according  to  a further exemplary embodiment of the invention; (closed embodiment) 30 Fig. 4 shows a schematic side view of the device from Fig. 3 according to a further exemplary embodiment of the invention with a plurality of passage openings  in  the  agitating  body  means;  and (partially open embodiment) 35 Fig. 5 shows a schematic side view of the device from Fig.  3 and 4 according to a further exemplary embodiment of the invention with a plurality of passage openings in the agitating body means. (open embodiment) 2025205646   12 Oct 2026 Unless stated otherwise, identical, functionally identical and identically acting elements, features and components are in each case provided with the same reference numerals in 5 the figures of the drawing. Even though specific embodiments and further developments are illustrated and described in the present case, the person of skill in the art will prefer that a plurality of 10 alternative and / or similar embodiments can replace the illustrated and described specific exemplary embodiments, without turning away from the scope of the present invention. This application is to generally cover all modifications or changes of the specific exemplary embodiments described 15 herein. The enclosed figures are to convey a further understanding of embodiments of the invention and, in connection with the description, serve the purpose of explaining principles and 20 concepts of the invention. Other exemplary embodiments and many of the mentioned advantages follow with regard to the drawings. The drawings are to only be understood as schematic drawings and the elements of the drawings are not necessarily illustrated to scale. Terminology specifying a direction, 25 such as, for instance, “top”, “bottom”, “left”, “right”, “above”, “below”, “horizontal”, “vertical”, “front”, “rear” and similar details are used only for explanatory purposes and do not serve the purpose of limiting the generality to specific designs as shown in the figures. 30 Fig. 1 shows a schematic sectional view of an agitator system 10 for the mechanical activation of organic and / or inorganic substances and / or substance mixtures in chemical, pharmaceutical, food-related and / or building material-35 related applications according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention. 2025205646   12 Oct 2026 For example, the agitator system 10 comprises a container 11 for receiving activation bodies K as well as a substance and / or substance mixture to be activated, an agitator shaft 12, a temperature-control unit 13 for heating or cooling the 5 container 11, a motor 14, an inlet opening 15, an outlet opening 16, two spacer sleeves 17, a separating system 18, a pre-crushing element 19 and an additional opening 20. The agitator system 10 furthermore comprises a plurality of 10 devices 1 for the mechanical activation of organic and / or inorganic substances and / or substance mixtures in chemical, pharmaceutical, food-related and / or building material-related applications. Each device 1 comprises a disk-like agitating body means 2, which is mounted in a rotationally 15 fixed manner on the agitator shaft 12, as well as a plurality of impact units 3. The plurality of impact units 3 in each case has a head region 4 with an activation surface 5 for cooperation with the activation bodies K. The plurality of impact units 3 is fastened to the disk-like agitating body 20 means 2 radially on the outside with respect to an axis of rotation X of the disk-like agitating body means 2. With respect to the axis of rotation X of the disk-like agitating body means 2, the plurality of impact units 3 can in particular protrude radially or in the radial direction, 25 respectively, from the disk-like agitating body means 2. As illustrated in an exemplary manner in Fig. 1, the plurality of devices 1 can be arranged in series on the agitator shaft 12. For example, the plurality or number, 30 respectively, of devices can be 4 to 20, in particular 7 to 15,   particularly preferably   8.   Alternatively or additionally, the plurality or number, respectively, of devices 1 can be a function of the diameter of the activation bodies K and of a ratio of length to diameter of the container 35   11. 2025205646   12 Oct 2026 The impact units 3 of adjacent devices of the plurality of devices 1 can, for example, in each case be arranged on the agitator shaft 12 with an offset of 5° to 90° from one another. The activation surfaces 5 can thus be increased 5 and / or the distances between the adjacent devices can be decreased, without the impact units 3 of the adjacent devices 1 colliding with one another. Alternatively, the impact units 3 of adjacent devices of the plurality of devices 1 can in each case be arranged on the agitator shaft 12 so as to be 10 aligned with one another. The agitator shaft 12 is mounted in the container 11 and rotatable with respect to the container 11. A radially outer end of the respective impact unit 3 can thereby have a 15 distance from the container 11 in the range of twice to ten times a diameter of the activation bodies K. For example, the activation bodies K can be formed essentially spherically, as it is illustrated schematically in Fig. 1, wherein a sphere-equivalent diameter of the activation 20 bodies K lies in the range of approximately 1 mm to approximately 15 mm. The activation bodies K can be made of steel, ceramic, plastic, composite material and / or reactive material, such as, for example, palladium. Alternatively or additionally, the activation bodies K can be made of a 25 material combination of the above-mentioned materials. The activation bodies K can furthermore be coated with one of the above-mentioned materials or a material combination thereof. 30 The container 11 can optionally have a double jacket for the insulation of its interior space with respect to a surrounding area. The temperature-control unit 13 can be thermally coupled to the container 11. The container 11 or its interior space, respectively, can be heated, cooled or 35 heated as well as cooled in this way according to the temperature required for an activation reaction. 2025205646   12 Oct 2026 A movement of the activation bodies K, which leads to an impact strain and / or a shear strain, can furthermore be capable of being set as a function of the activation reaction. 5 The motor 14 can be arranged, for example, outside the container 11 and can drive the agitator shaft 12 by means of a motor. The motor 14 can thereby be formed and operated to be variable in speed. 10 The inlet opening 15 and the outlet opening 16 can be arranged, for example, on opposite sides of the container 11. For example, the pre-crushing element 19 can be arranged, in particular attached, in the region of the inlet opening 15  15. Alternatively or additionally, the separating system 18 can be installed into the outlet opening 16. The spacer sleeve 17 can be mounted between adjacent devices 1 on the agitator shaft 12. The spacer sleeves 17 are 20 illustrated schematically as dashed line in Fig. 1 and are subsequently illustrated and described more clearly in Fig. 2. To support or improve the activation reaction, a reaction 25 gas, a fluid or a solid can be added into the container 11 via the additional opening 20 of the container 11. As illustrated in an exemplary manner in Fig. 1 by means of dashed or dotted rectangles, respectively, the container 11 30 can have a plurality of activation zones Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, Z5, which differ from one another and which are arranged successively along a flow-through direction of the substance and / or substance mixture to be activated. A number, a type and / or a design of the plurality of activation zones Z1, Z2, 35  Z3, Z4, Z5, which differ from one another, can be selected thereby as a function of the substance and / or substance mixture to be activated. The flow-through direction 2025205646   12 Oct 2026 corresponds, for example, to the axis of rotation X of the disk-like agitating body means 2 or of the agitator shaft 12, respectively. 5 The container 11 can have a ratio of length to diameter in a range of approximately 2 to approximately 5. The container 11 is preferably formed cylindrically. The axis of rotation X of the agitator shaft 12 can be aligned, for example, essentially horizontally in the container 11. The agitator 10 shaft 12 can in particular be attached centrically in the container 11 in a rotatable manner. The container 11 can furthermore be stationary with respect to a surrounding area. The container 11 can optionally have a coating on its inner side. The coating can contain a reactive material, for 15 example palladium. The mechanochemical reaction effect in the container 11 can be improved or made possible in the first place by means of the coating. For example, the plurality of activation zones Z1, Z2, Z3, 20  Z4, Z5, which differ from one another, comprises an inlet zone Z1 for the improved intake of the substance and / or substance mixture to be activated, a comminution zone Z2 for providing a particle size distribution suitable for the activation, an activation zone Z3 for the creation of a 25 largest possible activation, an optional relaxation zone Z4 and a discharge zone Z5 for retaining the activation bodies K and avoiding reaction processes of the activated substance and / or substance mixture. For example, the above-mentioned activation zones are arranged in the mentioned order along 30 the flow-through direction. The inlet zone can thereby have at least one inlet tool, wherein the inlet tool is in particular formed as intake auger, as pre-crushing element 19 or the like. The at least 35 one inlet tool can combine several inlet tools of the same type or of a different type. The comminution zone or preactivation zone Z2, respectively, can in particular be formed 2025205646   12 Oct 2026 to achieve a particle size distribution, which is suitable for the activation, wherein a generation or avoidance of superfines is provided, depending on the type of the substance and / or substance mixture to be activated. The 5 activation zone Z3 can furthermore be formed to achieve a largest possible activation via a control of a dwell time in the activation zone Z3 and a strain type and strain intensity in the activation zone Z3. The discharge zone or outlet zone Z5, respectively, can have a separating system 18 for 10 retaining the activation bodies K and avoidance of reaction processes of the activated substance and / or substance mixture. The plurality of devices 1 preferably have the same features, 15 that is, they can be formed similarly. However, the invention is not limited to similarly formed devices 1 on the agitator shaft 12 but individual properties of the devices 1 can deviate from one another and can in particular be adapted to requirements in the respective activation zones Z1, Z2, Z3, 20   Z4, Z5. Fig. 2 shows a schematic detail view of a cutout of an agitator shaft 12 of an agitator system 10 according to a further exemplary embodiment of the invention with a 25 plurality of impact units 3, which are arranged offset from one another. The agitator shaft 12 can be integrated, for example, into the agitator system 10 according to Fig. 1. For example, a plurality of devices 1 for the mechanical 30 activation of organic and / or inorganic substances and / or substance mixtures in chemical, pharmaceutical, food-related and / or building material-related applications are mounted on the agitator shaft 12, of which devices eight are illustrated in the cutout. Here, each device 1 comprises a disk-like 35 agitating body means 2 and four impact units 3. The four impact units 3 each have an extension arm 7 and a head region 4 with an activation surface 5 for cooperating with 2025205646   12 Oct 2026 activation bodies K. The four impact units 3 are fastened to the disk-like agitating body means 2 radially on the outside with respect to an axis of rotation of the disk-like agitating body means 2. 5 The head region 4 can have an essentially cube-like shape, as it is illustrated in Fig. 2. The extension arm 7 can be arranged, for example, between the disk-like agitating body means 2 and the activation surface 5. A first end region of 10 the extension arm 7 can be fastened to the disk-like agitating body means 2 thereby and a second end region facing away from the first end region can be coupled to the activation surface 5. 15 A spacer sleeve 17 is furthermore in each case arranged in an exemplary manner between adjacent devices 1 here. The spacer sleeve 17 can vary in diameter and in shape. The spacer sleeve 17 serves in particular for a targeted guidance of the air and of the substance and / or substance mixture to 20 be activated through the container 11. Here, the activation surface 5 is aligned, for example, in an angular range 8 of approximately 0” to approximately 45° with respect to the axis of rotation X. In an exemplary 25 manner, the activation surface 5 is formed in an essentially flat manner. A distance d1 between two devices 1 can be, for example, between 10 times and 30 times or between 4 and 100 times a 30 diameter of the activation bodies K. The distance d1 between two head regions 4 can in particular be dimensioned by impact units 3, which are arranged so as to be aligned with one another, as it is illustrated in an exemplary manner in Fig. 2. 35 For example, the agitator shaft 12 can be formed in one piece or in multiple pieces. Alternatively or additionally, the 2025205646   12 Oct 2026 agitator shaft 12 can be formed as massive shaft or as hollow shaft. On the basis of a predetermined combination of different 5 structural activation parameters and of different process-related activation parameters, the substance and / or the substance mixture to be activated can be guided through the activation zones Z1,   Z2,   Z3,   Z4,   Z5. An optimal mechanochemical reaction process can thus be provided. The 10 structural activation parameters comprise, for example, different geometric embodiments of the disk-like agitating body means 2, of the extension arm 7 and / or of the head region 4 of the impact unit 3. The process-related activation parameters comprise, for example, a circumferential speed, 15 a fill level of the activation bodies, a temperature in the container 11 and / or flow-through of the container with a process gas, which is required for the mechanochemical reaction. 20 Fig. 3 shows a schematic side view of a device 1 for the mechanical activation of organic and / or inorganic substances and / or substance mixtures in chemical, pharmaceutical, food-related and / or building material-related applications according to a further exemplary embodiment of the invention. 25 The embodiment according to Fig. 3 can be referred to as a closed embodiment of the device 1. For example, the device 1 comprises a disk-like agitating body means 2 for the rotationally fixed mounting on an 30 agitator shaft 12 here as well as at least one impact unit 3, which has a head region 4 with an activation surface 5 for cooperation with activation bodies. The at least one impact unit 3 is fastened to the disk-like agitating body means 2 radially on the outside with respect to an axis of 35 rotation X of the disk-like agitating body means 2. The at least one impact unit 3 can in particular protrude radially or in the radial direction, respectively, from the disk-like 2025205646   12 Oct 2026 agitating body means 2 with respect to the axis of rotation X. For example, the at least one impact unit 3 can have a 5 plurality of impact units 3, for example eight here, which are arranged so as to be distributed evenly in a circumferential direction U of the disk-like agitating body means 2. The substance and / or the substance mixture can be activated essentially evenly by means of the plurality of 10 impact units 3 in this way when the disk-like agitating body means 2 rotates. The plurality of impact units 3 can be selected as a function of an angle 9 between two adjacent impact units 3, of a 15 diameter of the disk-like agitating body means 2, of a rotational speed of the disk-like agitating body means 2 and of a diameter of the activation bodies K. The number of impact units 3 can thus be selected as needed at the disklike agitating body means 2. The angle 9 between two adjacent 20 impact units 3 can be, for example, approximately 10° to approximately 180°, in particular approximately 10° to approximately 120°. The head region 4 can optionally be connected to the impact 25 unit 3 in an exchangeable manner. The head region 4 can be changed as needed in this way, for example when the activation surface 5 is worn out or when, for example, a different size and / or shape of the activation surface 5 is provided for the substance and / or substance mixture to be 30 activated. The head region 4 can thus be formed in a modular manner. Advantageously, a surface load of the activation surface 5 can thus be improved or a width of the head region 4 can be changed as a function of a hardness of the substance and / or substance mixture to be activated. 35 Fig. 4 shows a schematic side view of the device 1 from Fig. 3 according to a further exemplary embodiment of the 2025205646   12 Oct 2026 invention with a plurality of passage openings in the agitating body means. The embodiment according to Fig. 4 can be referred to as a partially open embodiment of the device 1. 5 For example, the disk-like agitating body means 2 has at least one passage opening 6, which extends in the direction of the axis of rotation. A size of the at least one passage opening 6 can furthermore be variable, so that a permeability 10 of the disk-like agitating body means 2 can be varied. An air quantity, which flows through, and a substance and / or substance mixture to be activated can be forced in this way to flow around the disk-like agitating body means 2. The at least one passage opening 6 can have, for example, a round 15 or a polygonal, for example square, cross section. The at least one passage opening 6 can in particular have a plurality of passage openings 6, for example eight passage openings, which are arranged so as to be distributed evenly 20 in a circumferential direction U of the disk-like agitating body means 2. The substance and / or the substance mixture can thus pass or flow through, respectively, the disk-like agitating body means 2, without coming into contact with the at least one impact unit 3. 25 A spacer sleeve 17, as it is described, for example, in Fig. 2, can optionally have a passage opening, which corresponds to the passage opening 6 of the disk-like agitating body means 2, so that the passage opening of the spacer sleeve 17 30 and the passage opening 6 of the disk-like agitating body means 2 can form a common passage opening 6. In other words, the passage opening of the spacer sleeve 17 and the passage opening 6 of the disk-like agitating body means 2 can be arranged so as to be aligned. An air guidance and thus a 35 control of a flow direction and of a flow speed can thus be influenced. 2025205646   12 Oct 2026 Fig. 5 shows a schematic side view of the device 1 from Fig. 3 and 4 according to a further exemplary embodiment of the invention with a plurality of passage openings in the agitating body means. The embodiment according to Fig. 5 can 5 be referred to as an open embodiment of the device 1. In contrast to Fig. 4, the device 1 has, for example, sixteen passage openings 6 here, which are arranged so as to be distributed evenly in a circumferential direction U of the 10 disk-like agitating body means 2. For example, the passage openings 6 are in particular arranged in the shape of several rings, for example two rings, as illustrated in Fig. 5. Different features for improving the stringency of the 15 illustration have been combined in one or several examples in the preceding detailed description. It should be clear thereby, however, that the above description is only of an illustrative, but in no way of a limiting nature. It serves to cover all alternatives, modifications and equivalents of 20 the different features and exemplary embodiments. Many other examples will be immediately and directly clear to the person of skill in the art based on his / her technical knowledge in consideration of the above description. 25 The exemplary embodiments were selected and described in order to be able to represent the principles, on which the invention is based, and its application possibilities in practice in the best possible way. Experts can thus optimally modify and use the invention and its different exemplary 30 embodiments with regard to the intended use. The terms “including” and “having” are used as neutral terminologies for the corresponding terms “comprising” in the claims as well as the description. A use of the terms “a”, “an”, “one” is to furthermore not generally rule out a plurality of 35 features and components, which are described in this way. 2025205646   12 Oct 2026 List of Reference Numerals 1    device 2    disk-like agitating body means 5  3    impact unit 4    head region 5    activation surface 6    passage opening 7    extension arm 10  8    angular range of the activation surface 9    angle between two adjacent impact units 10   agitator system 11   container 12   agitator shaft 15  13   temperature-control unit 14   motor 15   inlet opening 16   outlet opening 17   spacer sleeve 20  18   separating system 19   pre-crushing element 20   additional opening 25  d1   distance between two devices K    activation bodies X    axis of rotation U    circumferential direction Z1   inlet zone 30  Z2   comminution zone Z3   activation zone Z4   relaxation zone Z5   discharge zone

Claims

A device for the mechanical activation of organic and / or inorganic substances and / or substance mixtures in chemical, pharmaceutical, food-related and / or building material-related applications, the device comprising a disk-like agitating body means for the rotationally fixed mounting on an agitator shaft, wherein the disklike agitating body means has at least one passage opening, which extends in the direction of the axis ofrotation, wherein a size of the at least one passage opening is variable, so that a permeability of the disklike agitating body means can be varied; andat least one impact unit, which has a head region with an activation surface for cooperation with activation bodies, wherein the at least one impact unit is fastened to the disk-like agitating body means radially on the outside with respect to an axis of rotation of the disklike agitating body means.The device according to claim 1, wherein the at least one impact unit has a plurality of impact units, which are arranged so as to be distributed evenly in a circumferential direction of the disk-like agitating body means.The device according to claim 2, wherein the plurality of impact units is selected as a function of an angle between two adjacent impact units, of a diameter of the disk-like agitating body means, of a rotational speed of the disk-like agitating body means and of a diameter of the activation bodies.The device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one passage opening has a plurality of passage openings, which are arranged so as to be2025205646   12 Oct 2026distributed evenly in a circumferential direction of the disk-like agitating body means.

5. The device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the activation surface is aligned in an angular range of approximately 0" to approximately 45" with respect to the axis of rotation.

6. The device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the head region is connected to the impact unit in an exchangeable manner.

7. The device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the head region has an essentially cube-like shape.

8. The device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one impact unit has an extension arm, which is arranged between the disk-like agitating body means and the activation surface.

9. An agitator system for the mechanical activation of organic and / or inorganic substances and / or substance mixtures in chemical, pharmaceutical, food-related and / or building material-related applications, the agitator system comprising:a container for receiving activation bodies as well asa substance and / or substance mixture to be activated;an agitator shaft, which is mounted in the container and so as to be rotatable with respect to the container; andat least one device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the disk-like agitating body means is mounted in a rotationally fixed manner on the agitator shaft.2025205646   12 Oct 202610. The agitator system according to claim 9, wherein a radially outer end of the at least one impact unit hasa distance from the container in the range of twice toten times a diameter of the activation bodies.

11. The agitator system according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the at least one device has a plurality of devices, which are arranged in series on the agitator shaft.

12. The agitator system according to claim 11, wherein the at least one impact unit of adjacent devices of theplurality of devices are in each case arranged on theagitator shaft with an offset of 5° to 90° from one another.

13. The agitator system according to one of claims 10 to 12, wherein the container has a plurality of activation zones, which differ from one another and which are arranged successively along a flow-through direction of the substance and / or substance mixture to be activated.

14. The agitator system according to claim 13, wherein the plurality of activation zones, which differ from one another, comprises at least one activation zone selected from the group of an inlet zone for the improved intake of the substance and / or substance mixture to be activated, a comminution zone for providing a particle size distribution suitable for the activation, an activation zone for the creation of a largest possible activation, a relaxation zone and a discharge zone for retaining the activation bodies and avoiding reaction processes of the activated substance and / or substance mixture.

15. The agitator system according to one of claims 9 to 14, wherein the activation bodies are formed essentially spherically, wherein a sphere-equivalent diameter of2025205646   12 Oct 2026the activation bodies lies in the range of approximately 1 mm to approximately 15 mm.

16. The agitator system according to one of claims 9 to 15, wherein the container has a double jacket for the insulation of its interior space with respect to a surrounding area.

17. The agitator system according to one of claims 9 to 16,wherein the agitator shaft is motor-driven.

18. The agitator system according to one of claims 9 to 17,further comprising an inlet opening and an outlet opening, wherein the inlet opening and the outlet opening are arranged on opposite sides of the container.

19. The agitator system according to one of claims 9 to 18, further comprising a spacer sleeve, which is mounted between adjacent devices on the agitator shaft.

Images