Hardneck garlic with substantial soluble solids content

Abstract

The disclosure provides clonal hardneck garlic plants having a substantial soluble solids content. The clonal hardneck garlic plants may produce true garlic seed. The disclosure thus relates to the plants, seeds and tissue cultures of clonal hardneck garlic plants having a substantial soluble solids content and which may be capable of producing true garlic seed.

Description

[0001] HARDNECK GARLIC WITH SUBSTANTIAL SOLUBLE SOLIDS CONTENT

[0002] RELATED APPLICATION DATA

[0003] This application claims priority to US provisional application no. 63 / 617,802, filed January 5, 2024, which is hereby incorporated herein by reference in its entirety for all purposes.

[0004] FIELD

[0005] The disclosure relates to hardneck garlic breeding and hardneck garlic development to produce hardneck garlic lines having substantial soluble solids content. The hardneck garlic may also produce substantial amounts of true seed.

[0006] BACKGROUND

[0007] Garlic is a species of bulbous flowering plant in the genus Allium. Its close relatives include the onion, shallot, leek, chive, Welsh onion and Chinese onion. There are two main types of garlic, softneck (A. sativum var. sativum) and hardneck (A. sativum var. ophioscorodon). Garlic is an important crop with a total world production of 28 million metric tons in 2020. Garlic is widely used around the world for its pungent flavor as a seasoning or condiment or in medicine. The garlic plant’s bulb is the most commonly used part of the plant. Garlic bulbs are normally divided into numerous fleshy sections called cloves. Garlic cloves are used for consumption (raw, cooked or dehydrated) or for medicinal purposes. Garlic cloves that have high soluble solids content (SSC) are desirable for reduced time and cost of the dehydration process.

[0008] Garlic can be grown from cloves, bulbils or true seeds. Commercial garlic production takes place by means of vegetative propagation, which is an asexual propagation without the union of gametes. In vegetative propagation, garlic cloves, which are also fit for consumption, are used as propagation material. While sexual propagation of garlic is possible, nearly all of the garlic in cultivation is propagated asexually, by planting individual cloves in the ground. Sexual propagation of garlic, known as generative method, can also be used to propagate garlic.

[0009] Generative method of propagation makes it possible to give a plant one or more various desired properties from another garlic plant hy hybridization. For example, repeated asexual production in cultivated garlic may result in constrained genetic diversity and adaptation. Existing asexually reproduced garlic also may suffer from a buildup of virus infection, pests and diseases. The use of true garlic seeds for planting can avoid the virus infection, pests and diseases and increase plant vigor and yield. In addition, true garlic seeds are less costly and can be stored for a longer period of time than cloves. Garlic plants that have increased seed yield for sexual reproduction are also desirable for propagation and for production and development of new plant varieties with desired traits. The following references relate to true garlic seed. Kamenetsky et al., “Garlic (Allium sativum L.) and its wild relatives from Central Asia: evaluation for fertility potential”, ACTA Horticulturae, International Society for Horticultural Science, BE, vol. 637, 1 January 2004; Einat Shemesh et al., “Unlocking variability: inherent variation and development traits of garlic plants originated from sexual reproduction”, Planta: An International Journal of Plant Biology, Springer, Berlin, DE, vol. 227, No. 5, 11 January 2008, pp. 1013-1024; WO 2013 / 128454; Pooler et al., “True seed production in garlic”, Sexual Plant Reproduction, Berlin, DE, vol. 7, No. 5, 1 January 1994, pp. 282-286; Etoh et al., “Seed Productivity and Germinability of Various Garlic Clones Collected in Soviet Central Asia”, Mem. Fac. Agr. Kagoshima Univ., 1988, pp. 129-139, Vol. 24; Etoh et al., Diversity, Fertility and Seed Production of Garlic, Allium Crop Science: Recent Advances, Chapter 5, pages 101-117, 2002 CAB International; Jenderek et al., Variation in Reproductive Characteristics and Seed Production in the USDA Garlic Germplasm Collection, HortScience 39(3):485-488 (2004); WO 1998 / 47371; US 5,746,024; US 6,308,456; US 8,987,558; WO 2019 / 137616 and US 11,229,172.

[0010] Therefore, a need exists for an improved hardneck garlic plant variety having combined characteristics of producing cloves with a substantial soluble solids content and, optionally, producing substantial amounts of true seed per plant. SUMMARY

[0011] The present disclosure is directed to garlic plant lines of the hardneck variety of the genus Allium characterized by a substantial soluble solids content. The garlic plant lines of the hardneck variety may also be characterized as producing substantial amounts of true seed per plant produced from a single clove. The garlic plant lines of the hardneck variety described herein may also be characterized by the combined characteristics of producing substantial amounts of true seed (“botanical seed”) per plant produced from a single clove and also producing a bulb with cloves having a substantial soluble solids content. One or more hardneck garlic plant lines are described herein with respect to seed or meristem deposits contemplated herein.

[0012] The disclosure relates to the development of unique hardneck garlic plant lines or clones with high soluble solids content that were selected from open pollinated garlic populations resulting from sexual seed production. The hardneck garlic plant lines described herein can be propagated asexually by planting cloves from the hardneck garlic plant lines. Aspects of the present disclosure relate to using hardneck garlic plant lines to produce true seeds and to grow a hardneck garlic crop or stand from true seeds produced by the hardneck garlic plant lines described herein. The hardneck garlic plant lines may also exhibit a substantial soluble solids content. According to an additional aspect, the hardneck garlic plant lines can be used to generate hybrid hardneck garlic plants having the characteristic of producing substantial amounts of true seed per plant and / or producing cloves with a substantial soluble solids content, as well as other desirable hardneck garlic plant characteristics. The disclosure further relates to hardneck garlic plant cells, cloves, bulbils, seeds and other hardneck garlic plant parts derived from such hardneck garlic plant lines.

[0013] The hardneck garlic plant lines described herein and with respect to contemplated seed or meristem deposits have been obtained by a decades-long open pollinated breeding program involving the planting, selection and testing of desirable flowering hardneck garlic plants with desirable traits, including soluble solids content and seed production, to result in many clonal varieties. The hardneck garlic plant lines (or clonal varieties) described herein are grown in the Hanford, California area and the McArthur, California area under conditions which closely approximate those generally used in commercial practice. Selected plants are propagated under laboratory conditions using meristem culture to eliminate viruses and / or other diseases or organisms. After multiplication in the lab, plants of each clonal variety are planted in insect proof cages at a farm west of Hanford, California dedicated to research. Bulbs harvested from the plants of each clonal variety are cracked and sorted by size and then planted in an isolated growing area to generate plots of each clonal variety. Exemplary clonal hardneck garlic plants exhibit desirable characteristics, such as soluble solids content, large bulb size, or low clove number and, optionally, true seed production. Bulbs of such exemplary plants are harvested. Plants are grown from meristem cultures. Clonal varieties exemplary of the hardneck garlic plants having substantial soluble solids content and / or producing true garlic seed are described herein.

[0014] While selected hardneck garlic plants from each clonal variety may be propagated asexually or vegetatively for further selection and planting, according to one aspect, seed is collected from desirable flowering and true seed producing garlic plants, the seed is sown and garlic plants are grown in open pollinated fields. Further desirable flowering hardneck garlic plants are selected, seeds obtained if desired, and the planting (from true seed or cloves) and selection process is repeated. Over many years, the ongoing selection process produced hardneck garlic plant lines as described herein with substantial soluble solids content. The hardneck garlic plant lines described herein may produce true seed or they may be sterile.

[0015] According to one aspect, various parental hardneck garlic lines as described herein are generated and crossed with hardneck garlic lines exhibiting desirable characteristics to develop hybrid garlic plants through different male and female combinations.

[0016] According to one aspect, the present disclosure provides hardneck garlic plant lines for the production of botanical seed (“true seed”), which may include vegetative propagation of the hardneck garlic plant line. The hardneck garlic plant line is grown in a field. The hardneck garlic plant line produces true seed from within umbels. The true seed is harvested. The hardneck garlic plant lines and varieties disclosed herein are also advantageously characterized by a significant soluble solids content. According to one aspect, certain hardneck garlic plant lines and varieties described herein combine the advantage of producing true seed and being grown from seed and the advantage of having a significant soluble solids content.

[0017] Accordingly, one object of the present disclosure is to provide a hardneck garlic plant line having a substantial soluble solids content. One object of the present disclosure is to provide a hardneck garlic plant line capable of producing true seed and having a substantial soluble solids content. Another object of the present disclosure is to provide hardneck garlic plant stands or fields grown from true seed (instead of cloves), wherein the hardneck garlic plants have significant soluble solids content, which hardneck garlic plants themselves generate true seed for future crops. An additional object is to clonally propagated a hardneck garlic plant line having a substantial soluble solids content. An additional object is to clonally propagate a hardneck garlic plant line having a substantial soluble solids content and capable of producing true seed. Such a clonally propagated hardneck garlic plant line can be used in sexual recombination methods where superior individual plants can be identified and selected. An additional object is to provide methods to breed and produce desirable genotypes of hardneck garlic plant lines having significant soluble solids content and optionally producing true seed from open pollination, or cross-pollination via breeding cages or hand pollinations. An additional objective is to grow hardneck garlic from true seed and having a substantial soluble solids content, thereby allowing for the generation of desirable combinations through sexual reproduction, potential new true seed hardneck garlic varieties, lower planting costs compared to clonal propagation and the ability to store several years seed in a vault. Advantageously, generation of true garlic seed allows possibility of seed treatments, priming, pelleting and the like which all promote a healthy garlic crop. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The patent or application file contains at least one drawing executed in color. Copies of this patent or patent application publication with color drawing(s) will be provided by the Office upon request and payment of the necessary fee. The foregoing and other features and advantages of the present embodiments will be more fully understood from the following detailed description of illustrative embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:

[0019] Fig. 1 is a table providing data on soluble solids % for certain hardneck garlic clone lines (Clone ID) for certain crop years, and also identifying source and pedigree for each Clone ID.

[0020] Fig. 2 is a table providing data on soluble solids % for certain hardneck garlic clone lines (Clone ID) for certain crop years, and also identifying source and pedigree for each Clone ID.

[0021] Fig. 3 is a table providing data on bulb and clove weight, length and diameter.

[0022] Fig. 4 is a table providing data on flower color, anther color, pollen production, pollen viability and plant height for exemplary hardneck garlic clonal lines (Clone ID) for crop year 2023.

[0023] Fig. 5 to Fig. 21 depict cloves, bulbs and bulbs in cross-section for exemplary hardneck garlic clonal lines (Clone ID) for crop year 2023.

[0024] Fig. 22 to Fig. 37 depict exemplary hardneck garlic clonal lines (Clone ID) for crop year 2023 before scape formation.

[0025] Fig. 38 is a table providing phenotypic information for exemplary hardneck garlic clonal lines described herein.

[0026] Fig. 39 is a table providing breeding history of exemplary hardneck garlic clonal lines described herein.

[0027] Fig. 40 is a table providing phenotypic information for exemplary hardneck garlic clonal lines described herein. For the weight of the bulbs, ten bulbs representing each population were weighed individually, totaled and the population mean was determined. For the weight of the cloves, five bulbs representing each population were cracked and the cloves were weighed individually, totaled and the population mean was determined. Clove length and diameters were also measured.

[0028] Fig. 41 is a table identifying SNPs for hardneck garlic clonal lines 6005, 6014, 6018, 6024, 6026, 6027, and 6032. The SNP ID’s are listed in column C, while the contig the SNP is located on and its position within the contig are indicated in column CHROM (contig) and POS respectively. The nucleotide present in the reference sequence is shown in column REF, and the nucleotide present in variants is shown in column ALT. The reference and alternate alleles are encoded as 0 and 1 respectively. The 0 indicates the absence of the alternate nucleotide in the sequence of each plant line. The 1 indicates the presence of the alternate nucleotide in the sequence of each plant line. For example, an entry of 0 / 0 indicates that the line contains the reference sequence in both alleles, while a 1 / 1 indicates that the line contains the alternate nucleotide in both alleles.

[0029] Fig. 42 is table identifying SNPs for hardneck garlic clonal lines 6001, 6002, 6003, 6004, 6006, 6007, 6008, 6009, 6010, 6011, 6013, 6015, 6016, 6019, 6020, 6025, 6028, 6029, 6030, 6031, 6033, 6035, 6036, 6037, 6038, 6039, and 6040. The SNP ID’s are listed in column C, while the contig the SNP is located on and its position within the contig are indicated in column CHROM (contig) and POS respectively. The nucleotide present in the reference sequence is shown in column REF, and the nucleotide present in variants is shown in column ALT. The reference and alternate alleles are encoded as 0 and 1 respectively. The 0 indicates the absence of the alternate nucleotide in the sequence of each plant line. The 1 indicates the presence of the alternate nucleotide in the sequence of each plant line. For example, an entry of 0 / 0 indicates that the line contains the reference sequence in both alleles, while a 1 / 1 indicates that the line contains the alternate nucleotide in both alleles.

[0030] DETAILED DESCRIPTION As used herein, the term “plant” includes the whole plant or any parts or derivatives thereof, such as plant organs ( e.g., harvested or non-harvested storage organs, bulbs, tubers, fruits, leaves, etc.), plant cells, plant protoplasts, plant cell tissue cultures from which whole plants can be regenerated , plant calli, plant cell clumps, and plant cells that are intact in plants, or parts of plants, such as embryos, pollen, ovules, fruits (e.g., harvested tissues or organs), flowers, leaves, seeds, tubers, bulbs, clonally propagated plants, roots, stems, root tips and the like. Also, any developmental stage is included, such as seedlings, immature and mature bulbs, etc.

[0031] “Variety” means a plant grouping within a single botanical taxon of the lowest known rank, which grouping, irrespective of whether the conditions for the grant of a breeder’s right are fully met, can be defined by the expression of the characteristics resulting from a given genotype or combination of genotypes, distinguished from any other plant grouping by the expression of at least one of the said characteristics and considered as a unit with regard to its suitability for being propagated unchanged.

[0032] “Phenotype” is the observable external and / or physiological appearance of the plant as a result of the interaction between its genotype and its environment. It includes all observable morphological and physiological characteristics and thus encompasses phenotypes such as solid or dry matter content of garlic bulbs.

[0033] “Genotype” is the total of inheritable genetic information of a plant, partly influenced by the environmental factors, which is expressed in the phenotype.

[0034] A "family” is the progeny of one plant, which has been pollinated by a number of different other plants.

[0035] “Hybrid” or “hybrid plant” is a plant produced by the inter-crossing (cross-fertilization) of at least two different plants or plants of different parent lines. It is understood that the seeds of such a cross (hybrid seeds) are encompassed herein, as well as the hybrid plants grown from those seeds and plant parts derived from those grown plants (e.g. bulbs). “Fl (stands for Filial 1 generation in plant or animal breeding), F2, etc.” refers to the consecutive related generations following a cross between two parent plants or parent lines. The plants grown from the seeds produced by crossing two plants or lines is called the Fl generation. Selfing the Fl plants results in the F2 generation, etc.

[0036] As used herein, “true seed” refers to the embryo and associated food storage and protective structure of a garlic plant formed by sexual reproduction. True seed may be referred to as botanical seed herein. “True seed” is distinguished from cloves which may be referred to as “garlic seed” within the industry.

[0037] As used herein, “viable” refers to true seed that is capable of germination.

[0038] “Sexual reproduction” as used herein refers to reproduction by the union of gametes.

[0039] “Propagule” as used herein refers to true seed, bulbil, clove, or any plant part, tissue or cell from which a new plant can be grown.

[0040] “Bulbil” as used herein refers to the vegetative reproductive structure formed above ground in the seed head of a garlic plant.

[0041] “Umbel” as used herein refers to an inflorescence or flower cluster in which stalks of nearly equal length spring from a common center.

[0042] “Clove” as used herein refers to the vegetative reproductive structure formed within the garlic bulb.

[0043] “Bulb” as used herein refers to the storage organ attached to the stem plate of the garlic plant which contains the cloves.

[0044] “Vegetative reproductive structure” as used herein refers to cloves and other structures formed by asexual reproduction.

[0045] “Asexual reproduction” as used herein refers to reproduction without the union of gametes.

[0046] “Soluble Solids” or “Soluble Solids Content" (“SSC” herein), is the percentage (%) of water-soluble compounds in garlic bulbs or cloves as measured by a refractometer. One such method is described in Mann and Hoyle, 1945 (Proc. Americ. Soc. Hort. Sci. 46 : 285 - 292 ) or Foskett and Peterson, 1949 (Proc. Americ. Soc. Hort. Sci. 55 : 314 - 318 ).

[0047] Aspects of the present disclosure are directed to one or more hardneck garlic plant lines having a substantial soluble solids content. Accordingly, the characteristic of substantial soluble solids content is a trait that has been repeatedly observed and is determined to be a basic characteristic of the garlic plant lines described herein. It is to be understood that the soluble solids content for a given clonal hardneck garlic plant line exemplified herein may differ from crop year (CY) to crop year as shown by the data provided herein due to differing environmental and other growing conditions. However, the genotype for each clonal hardneck garlic plant line exemplified herein and propagated by cloves will be the same from crop year to crop year. The genotype for each clonal hardneck garlic plant line exemplified herein can be determined by methods known to those of skill in the art. See Li and Harkness, A Guide to Sequence Your Favorite Plant Genomes, Appl. Plant Sci., 2018 Mar; 6(3): el030; world wide website wileyonlinelibrary.com / journal / AppsPlantSci, pp. 1-7 hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety for teaching plant genome sequencing methods and platforms offered by Illumina (HiSeq4000), BGI (BGISEQ-500), PacBio (Sequel SMRT cell), Oxford Nanopore (MinlON, GridlON) and associated genome assembly approaches based on de Brujin graph (DBG) or Overlap-Layout-Consensus (OLC), for example, and other approaches.

[0048] According to one aspect, the one or more hardneck garlic plant lines may also produce true seed. Accordingly, the characteristics of substantial soluble solids content and / or true seed production are traits that have been repeatedly observed and determined to be basic characteristics of certain of the hardneck garlic plant lines described herein. It is to be understood that the hardneck garlic plant lines have not been observed under all possible environmental or growth conditions. The soluble solids content or true seed production phenotypes may vary significantly with variations in environment such as day length, temperature, soil condition, humidity, fertilization and date of planting without any change in genotype of the hardneck garlic plant line. The soluble solids content and / or true seed generating phenotypes are characteristic of hardneck garlic plants grown in the Hanford, California or McArthur, California under conditions that approximate those generally used in commercial practice.

[0049] Exemplary hardneck garlic plants described herein resulted from a decades long breeding program beginning including use of a diverse open pollinated population to select superior lines and then to recombine germplasm with traits of interest. Then seed from selected individuals was threshed and planted as small plots. The plots with the best stand emergence, vigor, plant growth, less brooming, good umbels, fewer bulbils, high soluble solids, large bulbs, diverse maturities, diverse plant height at maturity were selected and planted as clonal plots. The hardneck garlic plants described herein were selected from a direct seeded TGS (“true garlic seed”) plot that was planted in Crop Year 2015 in the Salinas Valley of California near San Juan Bautista. Then the selected bulbs were grown and increased at the Hanford Research Farm from 2016 through 2019. The lines with the highest soluble solids, large bulb size, and reduced brooming were selected and then subject to a meristem culture process to produce clonal lines.

[0050] Exemplary hardneck garlic plants have a single growing season where one harvest takes place. The typical growing season is from September / October / November to July / August / September / October in Western United States climate. The blooming season is typically May / June. The average time of harvest is typically late July / August. The plant hardiness zone is typically Zone 9a. The typical market use is fresh and dried.

[0051] The following non-limiting examples illustrate hardneck garlic plants of the present disclosure. All references mentioned herein are incorporated by reference.

[0052] EXAMPLE I

[0053] Soluble Solids Content

[0054] The hardneck garlic plants described herein and exemplified in Fig.l and Fig. 2 advantageously exhibit substantial soluble solids content. A higher soluble solids content is primarily advantageous when the garlic is to be processed into dried form. Garlic with a higher soluble solids content, and therefore, a lower water content requires less time and energy to remove water content to produce a dried garlic product. The savings in cost and time in the drying procedure is significant enough to warrant development of hardneck garlic with a substantial soluble solids content. The hardneck garlic plant lines described herein have a substantial soluble solids content, especially at harvest.

[0055] The hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure having substantial soluble solids content is exemplified by a clonal hardneck garlic plant line that resulted from a breeding and selection process and designated herein as Clone 6001. The hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure having substantial soluble solids content is exemplified by a clonal hardneck garlic plant line that resulted from a breeding and selection process and designated herein as Clone 6002. The hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure having substantial soluble solids content is exemplified by a clonal hardneck garlic plant line that resulted from a breeding and selection process and designated herein as Clone 6003. The hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure having substantial soluble solids content is exemplified by a clonal hardneck garlic plant line that resulted from a breeding and selection process and designated herein as Clone 6004. The hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure having substantial soluble solids content is exemplified by a clonal hardneck garlic plant line that resulted from a breeding and selection process and designated herein as Clone 6005. The hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure having substantial soluble solids content is exemplified by a clonal hardneck garlic plant line that resulted from a breeding and selection process and designated herein as Clone 6006. The hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure having substantial soluble solids content is exemplified by a clonal hardneck garlic plant line that resulted from a breeding and selection process and designated herein as Clone 6007. The hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure having substantial soluble solids content is exemplified by a clonal hardneck garlic plant line that resulted from a breeding and selection process and designated herein as Clone 6008. The hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure having substantial soluble solids content is exemplified by a clonal hardneck garlic plant line that resulted from a breeding and selection process and designated herein as Clone 6009. The hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure having substantial soluble solids content is exemplified by a clonal hardneck garlic plant line that resulted from a breeding and selection process and designated herein as Clone 6010. The hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure having substantial soluble solids content is exemplified by a clonal hardneck garlic plant line that resulted from a breeding and selection process and designated herein as Clone 6011. The hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure having substantial soluble solids content is exemplified by a clonal hardneck garlic plant line that resulted from a breeding and selection process and designated herein as Clone 6013. The hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure having substantial soluble solids content is exemplified by a clonal hardneck garlic plant line that resulted from a breeding and selection process and designated herein as Clone 6014. The hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure having substantial soluble solids content is exemplified by a clonal hardneck garlic plant line that resulted from a breeding and selection process and designated herein as Clone 6015. The hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure having substantial soluble solids content is exemplified by a clonal hardneck garlic plant line that resulted from a breeding and selection process and designated herein as Clone 6016. The hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure having substantial soluble solids content is exemplified by a clonal hardneck garlic plant line that resulted from a breeding and selection process and designated herein as Clone 6018.

[0056] The hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure having substantial soluble solids content is exemplified by a clonal hardneck garlic plant line that resulted from a breeding and selection process and designated herein as Clone 6019. The hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure having substantial soluble solids content is exemplified by a clonal hardneck garlic plant line that resulted from a breeding and selection process and designated herein as Clone 6020.

[0057] The hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure having substantial soluble solids content is exemplified by a clonal hardneck garlic plant line that resulted from a breeding and selection process and designated herein as Clone 6021. The hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure having substantial soluble solids content is exemplified by a clonal hardneck garlic plant line that resulted from a breeding and selection process and designated herein as Clone 6022. The hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure having substantial soluble solids content is exemplified by a clonal hardneck garlic plant line that resulted from a breeding and selection process and designated herein as Clone 6024. The hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure having substantial soluble solids content is exemplified by a clonal hardneck garlic plant line that resulted from a breeding and selection process and designated herein as Clone 6025. The hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure having substantial soluble solids content is exemplified by a clonal hardneck garlic plant line that resulted from a breeding and selection process and designated herein as Clone 6026. The hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure having substantial soluble solids content is exemplified by a clonal hardneck garlic plant line that resulted from a breeding and selection process and designated herein as Clone 6027. The hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure having substantial soluble solids content is exemplified by a clonal hardneck garlic plant line that resulted from a breeding and selection process and designated herein as Clone 6028. The hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure having substantial soluble solids content is exemplified by a clonal hardneck garlic plant line that resulted from a breeding and selection process and designated herein as Clone 6029. The hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure having substantial soluble solids content is exemplified by a clonal hardneck garlic plant line that resulted from a breeding and selection process and designated herein as Clone 6030. The hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure having substantial soluble solids content is exemplified by a clonal hardneck garlic plant line that resulted from a breeding and selection process and designated herein as Clone 6031. The hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure having substantial soluble solids content is exemplified by a clonal hardneck garlic plant line that resulted from a breeding and selection process and designated herein as Clone 6032. The hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure having substantial soluble solids content is exemplified by a clonal hardneck garlic plant line that resulted from a breeding and selection process and designated herein as Clone 6033. The hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure having substantial soluble solids content is exemplified by a clonal hardneck garlic plant line that resulted from a breeding and selection process and designated herein as Clone 6035. The hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure having substantial soluble solids content is exemplified by a clonal hardneck garlic plant line that resulted from a breeding and selection process and designated herein as Clone 6036. The hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure having substantial soluble solids content is exemplified by a clonal hardneck garlic plant line that resulted from a breeding and selection process and designated herein as Clone 6037. The hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure having substantial soluble solids content is exemplified by a clonal hardneck garlic plant line that resulted from a breeding and selection process and designated herein as Clone 6038. The hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure having substantial soluble solids content is exemplified by a clonal hardneck garlic plant line that resulted from a breeding and selection process and designated herein as Clone 6039. The hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure having substantial soluble solids content is exemplified by a clonal hardneck garlic plant line that resulted from a breeding and selection process and designated herein as Clone 6040.

[0058] As is known in the art, a refractometer measures the refractive index of a solution to calculate a soluble solids concentration. Functionally, the refractive index quantifies dissolved solids based on changes in the direction of a light beam that passes through a liquid containing invisible dissolved or suspended solids.

[0059] According to the present disclosure, soluble solids content of the garlic lines described herein and referenced in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 was determined using a refractometer soon after harvest. The refractometer (hand-held Atagoi N2, Atago Co. Ltd., Brix 28%-62%) was calibrated with a saturated sodium chloride solution to read at 28%. For each garlic line tested, twenty cloves, one from each of 20 bulbs, were blended using a small kitchen blender. A portion of the blended cloves is placed in a garlic press. A drop of liquid that is expressed from the garlic press is placed on the refractometer as a sample and a reading is taken by looking through the refractometer which has a marked percent scale. Two readings are taken for each sample. Where the readings are similar, an average is taken and recorded as the percent soluble solids. If the readings are not similar, additional readings are taken until two readings are similar so as to increase chances of an accurate determination of the soluble solids content. Results for designated garlic clonal lines and a softneck garlic control are provided in Table 1 below with reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.

[0060] Table 1

[0061]

[0062] According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of at least 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 47%, 48%, 49%, 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54% or higher.

[0063] According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of greater than 38%. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of greater than 39%. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of greater than 40%. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of greater than 41 %. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of greater than 42%. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of greater than 43%. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of greater than 44%. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of greater than 45%. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of greater than 46%. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of greater than 47%. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of greater than 48%. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of greater than 49%. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of greater than 50%. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of greater than 51%. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of greater than 52%. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of greater than 53%. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of greater than 54%.

[0064] According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of between 38% and 51%, 38% and 52%, 38% and 53%, 38% and 54%, 39% and 52%, 39% and 53%, 39% and 54%, 40% and 52%, 40% and 53% or 40% and 54% as determined as described above. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of between 39% and 51 % as determined as described above. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of between 40% to 51%. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of between 41% to 51%. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of between 42% to 51%. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of between 43% to 51%. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of between 44% to 51%. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of between 45% to 1%. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of between 46% to 51 %. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of between 47% to 51%. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of between 48% to 51%. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of between 49% to 51%. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of between 50% to 51%.

[0065] According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of between 42% to 46%. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of between 42% to 50%. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of between 41% to 46%. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of between 40% to 46%. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of between 43% to 46%. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of between 44% to 47%. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of between 42% to 45%. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of between 42% to 43%. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of between 42% to 47%. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of between 42% to 44%. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of between 43% to 50%. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of between 43% to 48%. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of between 43% to 45%. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of between 43% to 44%. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of between 45% to 46%. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of between 45% to 47%. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of between 44% to 46%. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of between 41% to 44%. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of between 41% to 45%. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of between 41% to 47%. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of between 41% to 46%. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of between 41% to 44%. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of between 41% to 43%. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of between 44% to 45%. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of between 44% to 47%. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of between 42% to 46%. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of between 41% to 42%. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant line as described herein is characterized by cloves having a soluble solids content of between 43% to 47%.

[0066] EXAMPLE II

[0067] True Seed Production

[0068] According to one aspect, hardneck garlic parent plant lines described herein are grown to the flowering stage (umbel) using standard garlic horticultural techniques, where one clove produces an umbel. Once flowers are formed, the flowers are pollinated using any appropriate pollination method. Examples of such pollination methods include manual pollination, self- pollination, open pollination and insect pollination. Certain hardneck garlic plants generate true garlic seed and also are characterized by significant soluble solids content. The number of seeds per umbel are counted.

[0069] According to one aspect, hardneck garlic plant lines described herein are characterized by umbels that generate a substantial number of seeds per umbel. An exemplary range of seeds per umbel is 200 to 1300 with a germination rate of between 10% and 98%.

[0070] According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure produces at least 200 seeds per umbel. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure produces at least 300 seeds per umbel. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure produces at least 400 seeds per umbel. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure produces at least 500 seeds per umbel. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure produces at least 600 seeds per umbel. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure produces at least 700 seeds per umbel. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure produces at least 800 seeds per umbel. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure produces at least 900 seeds per umbel. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure produces at least 1000 seeds per umbel. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure produces at least 1100 seeds per umbel. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure produces at least 1200 seeds per umbel. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure produces at least 1300 seeds per umbel.

[0071] According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure produces greater than 200 seeds per umbel. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure produces greater than 300 seeds per umbel. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure produces greater than 400 seeds per umbel. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure produces greater than 500 seeds per umbel. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure produces greater than 600 seeds per umbel. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure produces greater than 700 seeds per umbel. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure produces greater than 800 seeds per umbel. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure produces greater than 900 seeds per umbel. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure produces greater than 1000 seeds per umbel. According to one aspect, a garlic plant of the present disclosure produces greater than 1100 seeds per umbel. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure produces greater than 1200 seeds per umbel. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure produces greater than 1300 seeds per umbel.

[0072] According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure produces between 200 to 1300 seeds per umbel. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure produces between 300 to 1300 seeds per umbel. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure produces between 400 to 1300 seeds per umbel. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure produces between 500 to 1300 seeds per umbel. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure produces between 600 to 1300 seeds per umbel. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure produces between 700 to 1300 seeds per umbel. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure produces between 800 to 1300 seeds per umbel. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure produces between 900 to 1300 seeds per umbel. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure produces between 1000 to 1300 seeds per umbel. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure produces between 1100 to 1300 seeds per umbel. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure produces between 1200 to 1300 seeds per umbel. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure produces between 200 to 1200 seeds per umbel. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure produces between 400 to 1200 seeds per umbel. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure produces between 600 to 1200 seeds per umbel. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure produces between 800 to 1200 seeds per umbel. According to one aspect, a hardneck garlic plant of the present disclosure produces between 1000 to 1200 seeds per umbel.

[0073] According to one aspect, the true seed has a germination rate of greater than 10%. According to one aspect, the true seed has a germination rate of greater than 20%. According to one aspect, the true seed has a germination rate of greater than 30%. According to one aspect, the true seed has a germination rate of greater than 40%. According to one aspect, the true seed has a germination rate of greater than 50%. According to one aspect, the true seed has a germination rate of greater than 60%. According to one aspect, the true seed has a germination rate of greater than 70%. According to one aspect, the true seed has a germination rate of greater than 80%. According to one aspect, the true seed has a germination rate of greater than 90%. According to one aspect, the true seed has a germination rate of greater than 95%. According to one aspect, the true seed has a germination rate of greater than 98%. According to one aspect, the true seed has a germination rate of between 10% and 98%.

[0074] According to one aspect, the true seed has a germination rate of between 20% and 98%.

[0075] According to one aspect, the true seed has a germination rate of between 30% and 98%.

[0076] According to one aspect, the true seed has a germination rate of between 40% and 98%.

[0077] According to one aspect, the true seed has a germination rate of between 50% and 98%.

[0078] According to one aspect, the true seed has a germination rate of between 60% and 98%.

[0079] According to one aspect, the true seed has a germination rate of between 70% and 98%.

[0080] According to one aspect, the true seed has a germination rate of between 80% and 98%. According to one aspect, the true seed has a germination rate of between 90% and 98%. According to one aspect, the true seed has a germination rate of between 95% and 98%.

[0081] Seed producing garlic provides the ability to avoid a vegetatively propagated garlic crop, though vegetative propagation from the hardneck garlic plant lines described herein is contemplated. For example, seedlings of the hardneck garlic plant lines described herein produce bulbs with several cloves. The cloves can be used as vegetative material to produce clones of the true seed producing hardneck garlic plant. Aspects of the present disclosure described hardneck garlic plants with low or reduced clove number, leading to larger cloves per garlic head. Alternatively, true seed can be used to generate and propagate a crop. According to one aspect of the present disclosure, true garlic seeds may be germinated, and seedlings developed which are later transferred to soil in a stand or field. According to one aspect, true garlic seed would be direct seeded and not grown from transplants. Plants develop mature bulbs followed by flowering. Seeds are harvested after flowering and seed set. The use of seeds instead of cloves to produce garlic advantageously lowers cost of production as storage of bulbs and / or cloves is no longer needed, as is packaging and transportation of bulbs and / or cloves to a field site for planting. Further, use of seeds is far more economical and less labor intensive as cleaning of bulbs and / or cloves is required as is storage which generally results in loss of bulbs and / or cloves due to damage from deterioration. According to certain aspects, exemplary hardneck garlic plants are described which develop few or no bulbils in the flower head or in which bulbil development is reduced or delayed, thereby reducing or eliminating the need for bulbil extirpation, and facilitating use of the hardneck garlic plant as a pollinator for seed generation.

[0082] Aspects of the present disclosure are also directed to the ability to conduct crossings of true seed producing hardneck garlic to create substantial genetic variation, improvements to yield, quality, growing location, and resistance to infection of viruses, bacteria, nematodes, fungi and other pathogens, which are often associated with clonally produced garlic plants. Such true garlic seed producing garlic plant lines described herein are contemplated to be essentially virus or disease free, since clonal reproduction is avoided. Accordingly, exemplary hardneck garlic plant lines described herein benefit from a lower usage of chemicals when planted as a stand or field.

[0083] EXAMPLE III

[0084] Bulb and Clove Weight, Length and Diameter

[0085] Bulb and clove weight, length and diameter for certain exemplary clonal hardneck garlic clonal lines (Clone ID) from crop year 2023 were obtained and are presented in Fig. 3. An exemplary number of cloves per bulb include at least 5 cloves, 6 cloves, 7 cloves, 8 cloves, 9 cloves, 10 cloves, 11 cloves, 12 cloves, 13 cloves, 14 cloves, or 15 cloves, or cloves within the range of 5 to 15 cloves per bulb, or 5 to 14 cloves per bulb, or 5 to 13 cloves per bulb, or 5 to 12 cloves per bulb, or 5 to 11 cloves per bulb, or 5 to 10 cloves per bulb, or 5 to 9 cloves per bulb, or 5 to 8 cloves per bulb, or 5 to 7 cloves per bulb, or 5 to 8 cloves per bulb, or 6 to 8 cloves per bulb, or 6 to 10 cloves per bulb, or 7 to 11 cloves per bulb, or 8 to 11 cloves per bulb, or 8 to 10 cloves per bulb, or 7 to 10 cloves per bulb, or other exemplary ranges described in Fig. 3.

[0086] EXAMPLE IV

[0087] Flower Color, Anther Color, Pollen Production, Pollen Viability and Plant Height Flower color, anther color, pollen production, pollen viability and plant height for certain hardneck garlic clonal lines (Clone ID) for crop year 2023 were obtained and are presented in Fig- 4.

[0088] EXAMPLE V

[0089] Bulb Color, Clove Skin Color and Clove Color

[0090] Bulb color, clove skin color, and clove color for certain hardneck garlic clonal lines (Clone ID) for crop year 2023 were obtained. Images of the bulbs, cloves and bulbs in cross-section for certain hardneck garlic clonal lines (Clone ID) are presented in Fig. 5 to Fig. 21. To capture photographs, a Canon EOS Rebel T7 camera was used. For the image capture, the regular camera settings and default mode with no flash was used. The camera lens was 12.25 inches away from the background, and images were taken with a black background. Lume Cube's Cordless 18 Inch Ring Light offered illumination. The Ring Light specifications were changed to a P-20 mark to produce the best brightness for photographs. Front and back photographs of the same samples were taken in order to get more precise data on different colors on the same product. Spyder color checker 24 was used to calibrate the color settings so that each image is color corrected while gathering RGB values to keep the same light settings for the image capture. To capture the RGB data, the light room classic software was used. The RGB values are the red, green, and blue colors taken at a specific moment in each image. To name the color, the RGB data were transformed to Hex values. ColorHexa (world wide website colorhexa.com) is the source of the color naming.

[0091] EXAMPLE VI

[0092] Hardneck Garlic Clonal Line Images Images of certain hardneck garlic clonal lines (Clone ID) before scape development for crop year 2023 were obtained and are presented in Fig. 22 to Fig. 37.

[0093] EXAMPLE VII

[0094] Hardneck Garlic Clonal Line 6001

[0095] An exemplary hardneck garlic clonal line identified as 6001 is characterized in nonlimiting fashion as follows.

[0096] Origin: Hanford, California.

[0097] Classification: Botanical. — Allium sativum.

[0098] Height including umbel: 5 to 6 feet; 5 ft 6 inches (2023 growing season), depending on cultivation conditions, when grown in Hanford, California.

[0099] Foliage Color: 7.5 GY 5 / 2 - 7.5 GY 5 / 6 (Munsell Plant Tissue Color Book, revised 2012).

[0100] Umbels: Large umbels that shed their spathes at maturity; 2.5 to 3" average diameter, spherical shape.

[0101] Bulbils: few. When present are 1 mm to 6mm; average size, elongated sphere with points on each end, color cream to yellow to light purple.

[0102] Spathe: Sheds at maturity of plant.

[0103] Average bulb yield per plant: 1.

[0104] Mean Weight / Bulb: 76.77 g.

[0105] Mean Weight / Bulb Range: 45.43 - 110.94 g.

[0106] Bulb Color: Dark grayish violet (Hex #9d9a9f).

[0107] Number of cloves / bulb: 7 to 11.

[0108] Mean Clove weight: 8.35 g.

[0109] Weight / Clove Range: 2.79 - 18.46 g.

[0110] Clove color: Grayish yellow (Hex #d4d5c6).

[0111] Clove skin color: Dark grayish orange (Hex #a8a39e).

[0112] Mean Clove length: 33.63 mm.

[0113] Clove Length Range: 21.94 - 43.00 mm.

[0114] Mean Clove diameter: 26.51 mm.

[0115] Clove Diameter Range: 13.17 - 38.96 mm.

[0116] Soluble solids content: 42.8-45.9%.

[0117] EXAMPLE VIII

[0118] Hardneck Garlic Clonal Line 6002

[0119] An exemplary hardneck garlic clonal line identified as 6002 is characterized in nonlimiting fashion as follows.

[0120] Origin: Hanford, California.

[0121] Classification: Botanical. — Allium sativum. Height including umbel: 5 to 6 feet; 5 ft 6 inches (2023 growing season), depending on cultivation conditions, when grown in Hanford, California.

[0122] Foliage Color: 7.5 GY 4 / 4 - 7.5 GY 5 / 4 (Munsell Plant Tissue Color Book, revised 2012).

[0123] Umbels: Large umbels that shed their spathes at maturity; 2.5 to 3" average diameter, spherical shape.

[0124] Bulbils: few. When present are 1 mm to 6mm; average size, elongated sphere with points on each end, color cream to yellow to light purple.

[0125] Spathe: Sheds at maturity of plant.

[0126] Average bulb yield per plant: 1.

[0127] Mean Weight / Bulb: 76.47 g.

[0128] Mean Weight / Bulb Range: 47.19 - 122.12 g.

[0129] Bulb Color: Grayish magenta (Hex #b7b4b7).

[0130] Number of cloves / bulb: 5 - 10.

[0131] Mean Clove weight: 9.45 g.

[0132] Weight / Clove Range: 2.65 - 18.47g.

[0133] Clove color: Light grayish yellow (Hex #dadabe).

[0134] Clove skin color: Grayish yellow (Hex #bab8b0).

[0135] Mean Clove length: 36.20 mm.

[0136] Clove Length Range: 22.87 - 46.69 mm.

[0137] Mean Clove diameter: 23.20 mm.

[0138] Clove Diameter Range: 10.86 - 33.99 mm.

[0139] Soluble solids content: 42.5-49.4%.

[0140] EXAMPLE IX

[0141] Hardneck Garlic Clonal Line 6003

[0142] An exemplary hardneck garlic clonal line identified as 6003 is characterized in nonlimiting fashion as follows.

[0143] Origin: Hanford, California.

[0144] Classification: Botanical. — Allium sativum.

[0145] Height including umbel: 5 to 6 feet; 5 ft 3 inches (2023 growing season), depending on cultivation conditions, when grown in Hanford, California.

[0146] Foliage Color: 5 GY 6 / 6 - 7.5 GY 5 / 6 (Munsell Plant Tissue Color Book, revised 2012).

[0147] Umbels: Large umbels that shed their spathes at maturity; 2.5 to 3" average diameter, spherical shape.

[0148] Bulbils: few. When present are 1 mm to 6mm; average size, elongated sphere with points on each end, color cream to yellow to light purple.

[0149] Spathe: Sheds at maturity of plant.

[0150] Average bulb yield per plant: 1.

[0151] Mean Weight / Bulb: 56.57 g.

[0152] Mean Weight / Bulb Range: 35.08 - 78.99 g.

[0153] Bulb Color: Dark grayish red (Hex #b0acac).

[0154] Number of cloves / bulb: 5 - 9.

[0155] Mean Clove weight: 7.8 g.

[0156] Weight / Clove Range: 3.05 - 15.42 g.

[0157] Clove color: Light grayish yellow (Hex #e4e4cd).

[0158] Clove skin color: Dark grayish orange (Hex #a09b8d).

[0159] Mean Clove length: 33.10 mm. Clove Length Range: 19.10 - 46.16 mm.

[0160] Mean Clove diameter: 23.52 mm.

[0161] Clove Diameter Range: 13.69 - 31.55 mm.

[0162] Soluble solids content: 41.3-45.9%.

[0163] EXAMPLE X

[0164] Hardneck Garlic Clonal Line 6004

[0165] An exemplary hardneck garlic clonal line identified as 6004 is characterized in nonlimiting fashion as follows.

[0166] Origin: Hanford, California.

[0167] Classification: Botanical. — Allium sativum.

[0168] Height including umbel: 5 to 6 feet; 5 ft 8 inches (2023 growing season), depending on cultivation conditions, when grown in Hanford, California.

[0169] Foliage Color: 7.5 GY 4 / 2 - 7.5 GY 5 / 4 (Munsell Plant Tissue Color Book, revised 2012).

[0170] Umbels: Large umbels that shed their spathes at maturity; 2.5 to 3" average diameter, spherical shape.

[0171] Bulbils: few. When present are 1 mm to 6mm; average size, elongated sphere with points on each end, color cream to yellow to light purple.

[0172] Spathe: Sheds at maturity of plant.

[0173] Average bulb yield per plant: 1.

[0174] Mean Weight / Bulb: 69.68 g.

[0175] Mean Weight / Bulb Range: 43.93 - 89.58g.

[0176] Bulb Color: Grayish yellow (Hex #ccccc9).

[0177] Number of cloves / bulb: 5 - 12.

[0178] Mean Clove weight: 8.50 g.

[0179] Weight / Clove Range: 2.67 - 16.20 g.

[0180] Clove color: Light grayish yellow (Hex #dcddd0).

[0181] Clove skin color: Grayish yellow (Hex #b6b5aa).

[0182] Mean Clove length: 33.58 mm.

[0183] Clove Length Range: 21.13 - 47.08mm.

[0184] Mean Clove diameter: 24.34 mm.

[0185] Clove Diameter Range: 15.62 - 33.15 mm.

[0186] Soluble solids content: 40.9-45.1%.

[0187] EXAMPLE XI

[0188] Hardneck Garlic Clonal Line 6005

[0189] An exemplary hardneck garlic clonal line identified as 6005 is characterized in nonlimiting fashion as follows.

[0190] Origin: Hanford, California. Classification: Botanical. — Allium sativum.

[0191] Height including umbel: 5 to 6 feet; 5 ft 8 inches (2023 growing season), depending on cultivation conditions, when grown in Hanford, California.

[0192] Foliage Color: 7.5 GY 5 / 4 - 7.5 GY 5 / 6 (Munsell Plant Tissue Color Book, revised 2012).

[0193] Umbels: Large umbels that shed their spathes at maturity; 2.5 to 3" average diameter, spherical shape.

[0194] Bulbils: few. When present are 1 mm to 6mm; average size, elongated sphere with points on each end, color cream to yellow to light purple.

[0195] Spathe: Sheds at maturity of plant.

[0196] Average bulb yield per plant: 1.

[0197] Mean Weight / Bulb: 90.21 g.

[0198] Mean Weight / Bulb Range: 55.60 - 138.14 g.

[0199] Bulb Color: Grayish magenta (Hex #b9b5b8).

[0200] Number of cloves / bulb: 6 - 10.

[0201] Mean Clove weight: 11.98 g.

[0202] Weight / Clove Range: 2.62 - 25.55 g.

[0203] Clove color: Light grayish yellow (Hex #dcdcc0).

[0204] Clove skin color: Dark grayish yellow (Hex #a29e8e).

[0205] Mean Clove length: 37.35 mm.

[0206] Clove Length Range: 26.77 - 47.06 mm.

[0207] Mean Clove diameter: 26. 17 mm.

[0208] Clove Diameter Range: 9.01 - 39.20 mm.

[0209] Soluble solids content: 42.5-46%.

[0210] EXAMPLE XII

[0211] Hardneck Garlic Clonal Line 6006

[0212] An exemplary hardneck garlic clonal line identified as 6006 is characterized in nonlimiting fashion as follows.

[0213] Origin: Hanford, California.

[0214] Classification: Botanical. — Allium sativum.

[0215] Height including umbel: 5 to 6 feet; 5 ft 8 inches (2023 growing season), depending on cultivation conditions, when grown in Hanford, California.

[0216] Foliage Color: 7.5 GY 4 / 4 - 7.5 GY 5 / 6 (Munsell Plant Tissue Color Book, revised 2012).

[0217] Umbels: Large umbels that shed their spathes at maturity; 2.5 to 3" average diameter, spherical shape.

[0218] Bulbils: few. When present are 1 mm to 6mm; average size, elongated sphere with points on each end, color cream to yellow to light purple.

[0219] Spathe: Sheds at maturity of plant.

[0220] Average bulb yield per plant: 1.

[0221] Mean Weight / Bulb: 67.22 g.

[0222] Mean Weight / Bulb Range: 46.08 - 105.42 g.

[0223] Bulb Color: Grayish pink (Hex #C8BBC4).

[0224] Number of cloves / bulb: 5 - 10.

[0225] Mean Clove weight: 8.75 g.

[0226] Weight / Clove Range: 3.96 - 17.3 g.

[0227] Clove color: Light grayish yellow (Hex #F0EEC5).

[0228] Clove skin color: Grayish pink (Hex#C7BEC3). Mean Clove length: 34.73 mm.

[0229] Clove Length Range: 26.77 - 42.08 mm.

[0230] Mean Clove diameter: 22.73 mm.

[0231] Clove Diameter Range: 11.21 - 32.06 mm.

[0232] Soluble solids content: 43.4-45.9%.

[0233] EXAMPLE XIII

[0234] Hardneck Garlic Clonal Line 6007

[0235] An exemplary hardneck garlic clonal line identified as 6007 is characterized in nonlimiting fashion as follows.

[0236] Origin: Hanford, California.

[0237] Classification: Botanical. — Allium sativum.

[0238] Height including umbel: 5 to 6 feet; 5 ft 7 inches (2023 growing season), depending on cultivation conditions, when grown in Hanford, California.

[0239] Foliage Color: 7.5 GY 5 / 4 - 7.5 GY 5 / 6 (Munsell Plant Tissue Color Book, revised 2012).

[0240] Umbels: Large umbels that shed their spathes at maturity; 2.5 to 3" average diameter, spherical shape.

[0241] Bulbils: few. When present are 1 mm to 6mm; average size, elongated sphere with points on each end, color cream to yellow to light purple.

[0242] Spathe: Sheds at maturity of plant.

[0243] Average bulb yield per plant: 1.

[0244] Mean Weight / Bulb: 71.33 g.

[0245] Mean Weight / Bulb Range: 41.67 - 98.33 g.

[0246] Bulb Color: Grayish cyan (Hex #c5c6c6).

[0247] Number of cloves / bulb: 9 - 12.

[0248] Mean Clove weight: 6.55 g.

[0249] Weight / Clove Range: 2.51 - 13.83 g.

[0250] Clove color: Grayish yellow (Hex #dld2c3).

[0251] Clove skin color: Grayish yellow (Hex #bab9b5).

[0252] Mean Clove length: 35.71 mm.

[0253] Clove Length Range: 25.39 - 54.76 mm.

[0254] Mean Clove diameter: 19.89 mm.

[0255] Clove Diameter Range: 9.07 - 35.72 mm.

[0256] Soluble solids content: 44.6-45.7%.

[0257] EXAMPLE XIV

[0258] Hardneck Garlic Clonal Line 6008

[0259] An exemplary hardneck garlic clonal line identified as 6008 is characterized in nonlimiting fashion as follows.

[0260] Origin: Hanford, California.

[0261] Classification: Botanical. — Allium sativum. Height including umbel: 5 to 6 feet; 5 ft 10 inches (2023 growing season), depending on cultivation conditions, when grown in Hanford, California.

[0262] Foliage Color: 7.5 GY 4 / 2 - 7.5 GY 5 / 6 (Munsell Plant Tissue Color Book, revised 2012).

[0263] Umbels: Large umbels that shed their spathes at maturity; 2.5 to 3" average diameter, spherical shape.

[0264] Bulbils: few. When present are 1 mm to 6mm; average size, elongated sphere with points on each end, color cream to yellow to light purple.

[0265] Spathe: Sheds at maturity of plant.

[0266] Average bulb yield per plant: 1.

[0267] Mean Weight / Bulb: 80.44 g.

[0268] Mean Weight / Bulb Range: 57.34 - 129.33 g.

[0269] Bulb Color: Dark grayish red (Hex #9a9393).

[0270] Number of cloves / bulb: 8 - 11.

[0271] Mean Clove weight: 8.68 g.

[0272] Weight / Clove Range: 2.62 - 23.37 g.

[0273] Clove color: Grayish yellow (Hex #cecfbc).

[0274] Clove skin color: Dark grayish orange (Hex #9b907b).

[0275] Mean Clove length: 36.17 mm.

[0276] Clove Length Range: 20.61 - 46.46 mm.

[0277] Mean Clove diameter: 22.36 mm.

[0278] Clove Diameter Range: 7.74 - 34.30 mm.

[0279] Soluble solids content: 42.4-45.0%.

[0280] EXAMPLE XV

[0281] Hardneck Garlic Clonal Line 6009

[0282] An exemplary hardneck garlic clonal line identified as 6009 is characterized in nonlimiting fashion as follows.

[0283] Origin: Hanford, California.

[0284] Classification: Botanical. — Allium sativum.

[0285] Height including umbel: 5 to 6 feet; 5 ft 6 inches (2023 growing season), depending on cultivation conditions, when grown in Hanford, California.

[0286] Foliage Color: 75 GY 6 / 6 - 7.5 GY 5 / 6 (Munsell Plant Tissue Color Book, revised 2012).

[0287] Umbels: Large umbels that shed their spathes at maturity; 2.5 to 3" average diameter, spherical shape.

[0288] Bulbils: few. When present are 1 mm to 6mm; average size, elongated sphere with points on each end, color cream to yellow to light purple.

[0289] Spathe: Sheds at maturity of plant.

[0290] Average bulb yield per plant: 1.

[0291] Mean Weight / Bulb: 72.81 g.

[0292] Mean Weight / Bulb Range: 43.84 - 100.73 g.

[0293] Bulb Color: Grayish yellow (Hex #c8c8c6).

[0294] Number of cloves / bulb: 6 - 12.

[0295] Mean Clove weight: 8.58 g.

[0296] Weight / Clove Range: 2.66 - 19.36 g.

[0297] Clove color: Grayish yellow (Hex #d7d8c2). Clove skin color: Grayish yellow (Hex #bcbbb7).

[0298] Mean Clove length: 36.00 mm.

[0299] Clove Length Range: 21.52 - 48.33 mm.

[0300] Mean Clove diameter: 23.43 mm.

[0301] Clove Diameter Range: 14.25 - 32.38 mm.

[0302] Soluble solids content: 39.4-43%.

[0303] EXAMPLE XVI

[0304] Hardneck Garlic Clonal Line 6010

[0305] An exemplary hardneck garlic clonal line identified as 6010 is characterized in nonlimiting fashion as follows.

[0306] Origin: Hanford, California.

[0307] Classification: Botanical. — Allium sativum.

[0308] Height including umbel: 4 to 6 feet; 4 ft 9 inches (2023 growing season), depending on cultivation conditions, when grown in Hanford, California.

[0309] Foliage Color: 7.5 GY 4 / 4 - 7.5 GY 5 / 4 (Munsell Plant Tissue Color Book, revised 2012).

[0310] Umbels: Large umbels that shed their spathes at maturity; 2.5 to 3" average diameter, spherical shape.

[0311] Bulbils: few. When present are 1 mm to 6mm; average size, elongated sphere with points on each end, color cream to yellow to light purple.

[0312] Spathe: Sheds at maturity of plant.

[0313] Average bulb yield per plant: 1.

[0314] Mean Weight / Bulb: 59.14 g.

[0315] Mean Weight / Bulb Range: 25.66 - 109.98 g.

[0316] Bulb Color: Grayish magenta (Hex #b9b6ba).

[0317] Number of cloves / bulb: 7 - 10.

[0318] Mean Clove weight: 7.05 g.

[0319] Weight / Clove Range: 2.65 - 12.67 g.

[0320] Clove color: Light grayish yellow (Hex #dedfca).

[0321] Clove skin color: Dark grayish orange (Hex #a49c93).

[0322] Mean Clove length: 34.75 mm.

[0323] Clove Length Range: 23.03 - 49. 16 mm.

[0324] Mean Clove diameter: 20.83 mm.

[0325] Clove Diameter Range: 8.84 - 32.03 mm.

[0326] Soluble solids content: 42.6-46.9%.

[0327] EXAMPLE XVII

[0328] Hardneck Garlic Clonal Line 6011

[0329] An exemplary hardneck garlic clonal line identified as 6011 is characterized in nonlimiting fashion as follows.

[0330] Origin: Hanford, California.

[0331] Classification: Botanical. — Allium sativum. Height including umbel: 5 to 6 feet; 5 ft 6 inches (2023 growing season), depending on cultivation conditions, when grown in Hanford, California.

[0332] Foliage Color: 7.5 GY 5 / 4 - 7.5 GY 5 / 6 (Munsell Plant Tissue Color Book, revised 2012).

[0333] Umbels: Large umbels that shed their spathes at maturity; 2.5 to 3" average diameter, spherical shape.

[0334] Bulbils: few. When present are 1 mm to 6mm; average size, elongated sphere with points on each end, color cream to yellow to light purple.

[0335] Spathe: Sheds at maturity of plant.

[0336] Average bulb yield per plant: 1.

[0337] Mean Weight / Bulb: 58.31g.

[0338] Mean Weight / Bulb Range: 39.91 - 81.48 g.

[0339] Bulb Color: Grayish red (Hex #dldOdO).

[0340] Number of cloves / bulb: 6 - 9.

[0341] Mean Clove weight: 7.00 g.

[0342] Weight / Clove Range: 2.51 - 14.26 g.

[0343] Clove color: Grayish yellow (Hex #d5d6c4).

[0344] Clove skin color: Dark grayish orange (Hex#aba698).

[0345] Mean Clove length: 32.18 mm.

[0346] Clove Length Range: 20.20 - 56.96 mm.

[0347] Mean Clove diameter: 20.59 mm.

[0348] Clove Diameter Range: 9.05 - 28.53 mm.

[0349] Soluble solids content: 40.8-44.2%.

[0350] EXAMPLE XVIII

[0351] Hardneck Garlic Clonal Line 6013

[0352] An exemplary hardneck garlic clonal line identified as 6013 is characterized in nonlimiting fashion as follows.

[0353] Origin: Hanford, California.

[0354] Classification: Botanical. — Allium sativum.

[0355] Height including umbel: 5 to 6 feet; 5 ft 0 inches (2023 growing season), depending on cultivation conditions, when grown in Hanford, California.

[0356] Foliage Color: 7.5 GY 4 / 4 - 7.5 GY 5 / 4 (Munsell Plant Tissue Color Book, revised 2012).

[0357] Umbels: Large umbels that shed their spathes at maturity; 2.5 to 3" average diameter, spherical shape.

[0358] Bulbils: few. When present are 1 mm to 6mm; average size, elongated sphere with points on each end, color cream to yellow to light purple.

[0359] Spathe: Sheds at maturity of plant.

[0360] Average bulb yield per plant: 1.

[0361] Mean Weight / Bulb: 68.15 g.

[0362] Mean Weight / Bulb Range: 42.20 - 90.78 g.

[0363] Bulb Color: Grayish blue (Hex #d5d5d7).

[0364] Number of cloves / bulb: 5 - 13.

[0365] Mean Clove weight: 8.28 g.

[0366] Weight / Clove Range: 2.53 - 17.21g.

[0367] Clove color: Grayish yellow (Hex #d2d2b3).

[0368] Clove skin color: Dark Grayish Yellow (Hex #999480).

[0369] Mean Clove length: 31.98 mm. Clove Length Range: 20.89 - 40.10 mm.

[0370] Mean Clove diameter: 21.98 mm.

[0371] Clove Diameter Range: 8.74 - 30.97 mm.

[0372] Soluble solids content: 43.8-50.7%.

[0373] EXAMPLE XIX

[0374] Hardneck Garlic Clonal Line 6014

[0375] An exemplary hardneck garlic clonal line identified as 6014 is characterized in nonlimiting fashion as follows.

[0376] Origin: Hanford, California.

[0377] Classification: Botanical. — Allium sativum.

[0378] Height including umbel: 5 to 6 feet; 5 ft 2 inches (2023 growing season), depending on cultivation conditions, when grown in Hanford, California.

[0379] Foliage Color: 7.5 GY 5 / 4 - 7.5 GY 5 / 6 (Munsell Plant Tissue Color Book, revised 2012).

[0380] Umbels: Large umbels that shed their spathes at maturity; 2.5 to 3" average diameter, spherical shape.

[0381] Bulbils: few. When present are 1 mm to 6mm; average size, elongated sphere with points on each end, color cream to yellow to light purple.

[0382] Spathe: Sheds at maturity of plant.

[0383] Average bulb yield per plant: 1.

[0384] Mean Weight / Bulb: 80.52 g.

[0385] Mean Weight / Bulb Range: 50.39 - 111.45 g.

[0386] Bulb Color: Grayish orange (Hex #cdccca).

[0387] Number of cloves / bulb: 6 - 12.

[0388] Mean Clove weight: 8.63 g.

[0389] Weight / Clove Range: 2.51 - 21.40 g.

[0390] Clove color: Grayish yellow (Hex #d4d5bf).

[0391] Clove skin color: Grayish orange (Hex #bebaaf).

[0392] Mean Clove length: 35.78 mm.

[0393] Clove Length Range: 23.46 - 47.37 mm.

[0394] Mean Clove diameter: 23.45 mm.

[0395] Clove Diameter Range: 10. 15 - 34.47 mm.

[0396] Soluble solids content: 44.3-45.9%.

[0397] EXAMPLE XX

[0398] Hardneck Garlic Clonal Line 6015

[0399] An exemplary hardneck garlic clonal line identified as 6015 is characterized in nonlimiting fashion as follows.

[0400] Origin: Hanford, California.

[0401] Classification: Botanical. — Allium sativum. Height including umbel: 5 to 6 feet; 5 ft 8 inches (2023 growing season), depending on cultivation conditions, when grown in Hanford, California.

[0402] Foliage Color: 7.5 GY 5 / 4 - 7.5 GY 5 / 6 (Munsell Plant Tissue Color Book, revised 2012) 7.5 GY 5 / 2 - 7.5 GY 5 / 6 (Munsell Plant Tissue Color Book, revised 2012).

[0403] Umbels: Large umbels that shed their spathes at maturity; 2.5 to 3" average diameter, spherical shape.

[0404] Bulbils: few. When present are 1 mm to 6mm; average size, elongated sphere with points on each end, color cream to yellow to light purple.

[0405] Spathe: Sheds at maturity of plant.

[0406] Average bulb yield per plant: 1.

[0407] Mean Weight / Bulb: 55.03 g.

[0408] Mean Weight / Bulb Range: 39.01 - 71.43 g.

[0409] Bulb Color: Grayish blue (Hex #ccccce).

[0410] Number of cloves / bulb: 7 - 10.

[0411] Mean Clove weight: 5.48 g.

[0412] Weight / Clove Range: 2.59 - 22.19 g.

[0413] Clove color: Grayish yellow (Hex #cacaa9).

[0414] Clove skin color: Grayish yellow (Hex #bbb9b3).

[0415] Mean Clove length: 33.95 mm.

[0416] Clove Length Range: 21.98 - 41.72 mm.

[0417] Mean Clove diameter: 18.50 mm.

[0418] Clove Diameter Range: 7.30 - 36.05 mm.

[0419] Soluble solids content: 44.5-46.8%.

[0420] EXAMPLE XXI

[0421] Hardneck Garlic Clonal Line 6016

[0422] An exemplary hardneck garlic clonal line identified as 6016 is characterized in nonlimiting fashion as follows.

[0423] Origin: Hanford, California.

[0424] Classification: Botanical. — Allium sativum.

[0425] Height including umbel: 4 to 6 feet; 4 ft 9 inches (2023 growing season), depending on cultivation conditions, when grown in Hanford, California.

[0426] Foliage Color: 5 GY 6 / 6 - 7.5 GY 6 / 6 (Munsell Plant Tissue Color Book, revised 2012).

[0427] Umbels: Large umbels that shed their spathes at maturity; 2.5 to 3" average diameter, spherical shape.

[0428] Bulbils: few. When present are 1 mm to 6mm; average size, elongated sphere with points on each end, color cream to yellow to light purple.

[0429] Spathe: Sheds at maturity of plant.

[0430] Average bulb yield per plant: 1.

[0431] Mean Weight / Bulb: 52.76 g.

[0432] Mean Weight / Bulb Range: 35.99 - 67.30 g.

[0433] Bulb Color: Dark grayish red (Hex #a8a09e).

[0434] Number of cloves / bulb: 5 - 9.

[0435] Mean Clove weight: 7.30 g.

[0436] Weight / Clove Range: 2.93 - 19.10 g.

[0437] Clove color: Light grayish yellow (Hex #ddded0).

[0438] Clove skin color: Dark grayish orange (Hex #93857a). Mean Clove length: 33.58 mm.

[0439] Clove Length Range: 26.35 - 42.61 mm.

[0440] Mean Clove diameter: 21.61 mm.

[0441] Clove Diameter Range: 9.22 - 40.40 mm.

[0442] Soluble solids content: 42.7-45.7%.

[0443] EXAMPLE XXII

[0444] Hardneck Garlic Clonal Line 6018

[0445] An exemplary hardneck garlic clonal line identified as 6018 is characterized in nonlimiting fashion as follows.

[0446] Origin: Hanford, California.

[0447] Classification: Botanical. — Allium sativum.

[0448] Height including umbel: 5 to 6 feet; 5 ft 4 inches (2023 growing season), depending on cultivation conditions, when grown in Hanford, California.

[0449] Foliage Color: 5 GY 6 / 6 - 7.5 GY 5 / 5 (Munsell Plant Tissue Color Book, revised 2012).

[0450] Umbels: Large umbels that shed their spathes at maturity; 2.5 to 3" average diameter, spherical shape.

[0451] Bulbils: few. When present are 1 mm to 6mm; average size, elongated sphere with points on each end, color cream to yellow to light purple.

[0452] Spathe: Sheds at maturity of plant.

[0453] Average bulb yield per plant: 1.

[0454] Mean Weight / Bulb: 62.87 g.

[0455] Mean Weight / Bulb Range: 37.03 - 86.20 g.

[0456] Bulb Color: Grayish red (Hex #b3afb0).

[0457] Number of cloves / bulb: 6 - 11.

[0458] Mean Clove weight: 7.48 g.

[0459] Weight / Clove Range: 2.51 - 26.91 g.

[0460] Clove color: Light grayish yellow (Hex #d9dac8).

[0461] Clove skin color: Grayish yellow (Hex #c2clb7).

[0462] Mean Clove length: 31.57 mm.

[0463] Clove Length Range: 22.49 - 39.85 mm.

[0464] Mean Clove diameter: 21.79 mm.

[0465] Clove Diameter Range: 11.25 - 43.68 mm.

[0466] Soluble solids content: 41.7-45.8%.

[0467] EXAMPLE XXIII

[0468] Hardneck Garlic Clonal Line 6019

[0469] An exemplary hardneck garlic clonal line identified as 6019 is characterized in nonlimiting fashion as follows.

[0470] Origin: Hanford, California.

[0471] Classification: Botanical. — Allium sativum. Height including umbel: 3 to 6 feet; 3 ft 8 inches (2023 growing season), depending on cultivation conditions, when grown in Hanford, California.

[0472] Bulbils: few. When present are 1 mm to 6mm; average size, elongated sphere with points on each end, color cream to yellow to light purple.

[0473] Spathe: Sheds at maturity of plant.

[0474] Average bulb yield per plant: 1.

[0475] Soluble solids content: 41.4-45.4%

[0476] EXAMPLE XXIV

[0477] Hardneck Garlic Clonal Line 6020

[0478] An exemplary hardneck garlic clonal line identified as 6020 is characterized in nonlimiting fashion as follows.

[0479] Origin: Hanford, California.

[0480] Classification: Botanical. — Allium sativum.

[0481] Height including umbel: 5 to 6 feet; 5 ft 0 inches (2023 growing season), depending on cultivation conditions, when grown in Hanford, California.

[0482] Umbels: Large umbels that shed their spathes at maturity; 2.5 to 3" average diameter, spherical shape.

[0483] Bulbils: few. When present are 1 mm to 6mm; average size, elongated sphere with points on each end, color cream to yellow to light purple.

[0484] Spathe: Sheds at maturity of plant.

[0485] Average bulb yield per plant: 1.

[0486] Soluble solids content: 40.5-44.9%

[0487] EXAMPLE XXV

[0488] Hardneck Garlic Clonal Line 6021

[0489] An exemplary hardneck garlic clonal line identified as 6021 is characterized in nonlimiting fashion as follows.

[0490] Origin: Hanford, California.

[0491] Classification: Botanical. — Allium sativum.

[0492] Height including umbel: 4 to 6 feet; 4 ft 9 inches (2023 growing season), depending on cultivation conditions, when grown in Hanford, California.

[0493] Umbels: Large umbels that shed their spathes at maturity; 2.5 to 3" average diameter, spherical shape.

[0494] Bulbils: few. When present are 1 mm to 6mm; average size, elongated sphere with points on each end, color cream to yellow to light purple. Spathe: Sheds at maturity of plant.

[0495] Average bulb yield per plant: 1.

[0496] Soluble solids content: 38.7-43.5%

[0497] EXAMPLE XXVI

[0498] Hardneck Garlic Clonal Line 6022

[0499] An exemplary hardneck garlic clonal line identified as 6022 is characterized in nonlimiting fashion as follows.

[0500] Origin: Hanford, California.

[0501] Classification: Botanical. — Allium sativum.

[0502] Height including umbel: 4 to 6 feet; 4 ft 8 inches (2023 growing season), depending on cultivation conditions, when grown in Hanford, California.

[0503] Umbels: Large umbels that shed their spathes at maturity; 2.5 to 3" average diameter, spherical shape.

[0504] Bulbils: few. When present are 1 mm to 6mm; average size, elongated sphere with points on each end, color cream to yellow to light purple.

[0505] Spathe: Sheds at maturity of plant.

[0506] Average bulb yield per plant: 1.

[0507] Soluble solids content: 41-46.6%.

[0508] EXAMPLE XXVII

[0509] Hardneck Garlic Clonal Line 6024

[0510] An exemplary hardneck garlic clonal line identified as 6024 is characterized in nonlimiting fashion as follows.

[0511] Origin: Hanford, California.

[0512] Classification: Botanical. — Allium sativum.

[0513] Height including umbel: 5 to 6 feet; 5 ft 6 inches (2023 growing season), depending on cultivation conditions, when grown in Hanford, California.

[0514] Umbels: Large umbels that shed their spathes at maturity; 2.5 to 3" average diameter, spherical shape.

[0515] Bulbils: few. When present are 1 mm to 6mm; average size, elongated sphere with points on each end, color cream to yellow to light purple.

[0516] Spathe: Sheds at maturity of plant.

[0517] Average bulb yield per plant: 1.

[0518] Soluble solids content: 43.3-45.5%

[0519] EXAMPLE XXVIII Hardneck Garlic Clonal Line 6025

[0520] An exemplary hardneck garlic clonal line identified as 6025 is characterized in nonlimiting fashion as follows.

[0521] Origin: Hanford, California.

[0522] Classification: Botanical. — Allium sativum.

[0523] Height including umbel: 5 to 6 feet; 5 - 5 ft 10 inches (2023 growing season), depending on cultivation conditions, when grown in Hanford, California.

[0524] Umbels: Large umbels that shed their spathes at maturity; 2.5 to 3" average diameter, spherical shape.

[0525] Bulbils: few. When present are 1 mm to 6mm; average size, elongated sphere with points on each end, color cream to yellow to light purple.

[0526] Spathe: Sheds at maturity of plant.

[0527] Average bulb yield per plant: 1.

[0528] Soluble solids content: 43.0-43.7%

[0529] EXAMPLE XXIX

[0530] Hardneck Garlic Clonal Line 6026

[0531] An exemplary hardneck garlic clonal line identified as 6026 is characterized in nonlimiting fashion as follows.

[0532] Origin: Hanford, California.

[0533] Classification: Botanical. — Allium sativum.

[0534] Height including umbel: 5 to 6 feet depending on cultivation conditions, when grown in Hanford, California.

[0535] Umbels: Large umbels that shed their spathes at maturity; 2.5 to 3" average diameter, spherical shape.

[0536] Bulbils: few. When present are 1 mm to 6mm; average size, elongated sphere with points on each end, color cream to yellow to light purple.

[0537] Spathe: Sheds at maturity of plant.

[0538] Average bulb yield per plant: 1 .

[0539] Soluble solids content: 40.2-44.2%

[0540] EXAMPLE XXX

[0541] Hardneck Garlic Clonal Line 6027

[0542] An exemplary hardneck garlic clonal line identified as 6027 is characterized in nonlimiting fashion as follows. Origin: Hanford, California.

[0543] Classification: Botanical. — Allium sativum.

[0544] Height including umbel: 4 to 6 feet; 4 ft 9 inches (2023 growing season), depending on cultivation conditions, when grown in Hanford, California.

[0545] Umbels: Large umbels that shed their spathes at maturity; 2.5 to 3" average diameter, spherical shape.

[0546] Bulbils: few. When present are 1 mm to 6mm; average size, elongated sphere with points on each end, color cream to yellow to light purple.

[0547] Spathe: Sheds at maturity of plant.

[0548] Average bulb yield per plant: 1.

[0549] Soluble solids content: 42.0-44.9%

[0550] EXAMPLE XXXI

[0551] Hardneck Garlic Clonal Line 6028

[0552] An exemplary hardneck garlic clonal line identified as 6028 is characterized in nonlimiting fashion as follows.

[0553] Origin: Hanford, California.

[0554] Classification: Botanical. — Allium sativum.

[0555] Height including umbel: 5 to 6 feet; 5 ft 0 inches (2023 growing season), depending on cultivation conditions, when grown in Hanford, California.

[0556] Umbels: Large umbels that shed their spathes at maturity; 2.5 to 3" average diameter, spherical shape.

[0557] Bulbils: few. When present are 1 mm to 6mm; average size, elongated sphere with points on each end, color cream to yellow to light purple.

[0558] Spathe: Sheds at maturity of plant.

[0559] Average bulb yield per plant: 1.

[0560] Soluble solids content: 42.8-44.4%.

[0561] EXAMPLE XXXII

[0562] Hardneck Garlic Clonal Line 6029

[0563] An exemplary hardneck garlic clonal line identified as 6029 is characterized in nonlimiting fashion as follows.

[0564] Origin: Hanford, California.

[0565] Classification: Botanical. — Allium sativum.

[0566] Height including umbel: 4 to 6 feet; 4 ft 8 inches (2023 growing season), depending on cultivation conditions, when grown in Hanford, California.

[0567] Umbels: Large umbels that shed their spathes at maturity; 2.5 to 3" average diameter, spherical shape. Bulbils: few. When present are 1 mm to 6mm; average size, elongated sphere with points on each end, color cream to yellow to light purple.

[0568] Spathe: Sheds at maturity of plant.

[0569] Average bulb yield per plant: 1.

[0570] Soluble solids content: 40.4-45.3%.

[0571] EXAMPLE XXXIII

[0572] Hardneck Garlic Clonal Line 6030

[0573] An exemplary hardneck garlic clonal line identified as 6030 is characterized in nonlimiting fashion as follows.

[0574] Origin: Hanford, California.

[0575] Classification: Botanical. — Allium sativum.

[0576] Height including umbel: 5 to 6 feet; 5 ft 9 inches (2023 growing season), depending on cultivation conditions, when grown in Hanford, California.

[0577] Umbels: Large umbels that shed their spathes at maturity; 2.5 to 3" average diameter, spherical shape.

[0578] Bulbils: few. When present are 1 mm to 6mm; average size, elongated sphere with points on each end, color cream to yellow to light purple.

[0579] Spathe: Sheds at maturity of plant.

[0580] Average bulb yield per plant: 1.

[0581] Soluble solids content: 41.1-44.9%.

[0582] EXAMPLE XXXIV

[0583] Hardneck Garlic Clonal Line 6031

[0584] An exemplary hardneck garlic clonal line identified as 6031 is characterized in nonlimiting fashion as follows.

[0585] Origin: Hanford, California.

[0586] Classification: Botanical. — Allium sativum.

[0587] Height including umbel: 5 to 6 feet; 5 ft 0 inches (2023 growing season), depending on cultivation conditions, when grown in Hanford, California.

[0588] Umbels: Large umbels that shed their spathes at maturity; 2.5 to 3" average diameter, spherical shape.

[0589] Bulbils: few. When present are 1 mm to 6mm; average size, elongated sphere with points on each end, color cream to yellow to light purple.

[0590] Spathe: Sheds at maturity of plant.

[0591] Average bulb yield per plant: 1. Soluble solids content: 41.0-45.5%.

[0592] EXAMPLE XXXV

[0593] Hardneck Garlic Clonal Line 6032

[0594] An exemplary hardneck garlic clonal line identified as 6032 is characterized in nonlimiting fashion as follows.

[0595] Origin: Hanford, California.

[0596] Classification: Botanical. — Allium sativum.

[0597] Height including umbel: 5 to 6 feet; 5 ft 3 inches (2023 growing season), depending on cultivation conditions, when grown in Hanford, California.

[0598] Umbels: Large umbels that shed their spathes at maturity; 2.5 to 3" average diameter, spherical shape.

[0599] Bulbils: few. When present are 1 mm to 6mm; average size, elongated sphere with points on each end, color cream to yellow to light purple.

[0600] Spathe: Sheds at maturity of plant.

[0601] Average bulb yield per plant: 1.

[0602] Soluble solids content: 40.5-43.6%.

[0603] EXAMPLE XXXVI

[0604] Hardneck Garlic Clonal Line 6033

[0605] An exemplary hardneck garlic clonal line identified as 6033 is characterized in nonlimiting fashion as follows.

[0606] Origin: Hanford, California.

[0607] Classification: Botanical. — Allium sativum.

[0608] Height including umbel: 5 to 6 feet; 5 ft 7 inches (2023 growing season), depending on cultivation conditions, when grown in Hanford, California.

[0609] Umbels: Large umbels that shed their spathes at maturity; 2.5 to 3" average diameter, spherical shape.

[0610] Bulbils: few. When present are 1 mm to 6mm; average size, elongated sphere with points on each end, color cream to yellow to light purple.

[0611] Spathe: Sheds at maturity of plant.

[0612] Average bulb yield per plant: 1.

[0613] Soluble solids content: 41.3-45.6%. Hardneck Garlic Clonal Line 6035

[0614] An exemplary hardneck garlic clonal line identified as 6035 is characterized in nonlimiting fashion as follows.

[0615] Origin: Hanford, California.

[0616] Classification: Botanical. — Allium sativum.

[0617] Height including umbel: 5 to 6 feet; 5 ft 0 inches (2023 growing season), depending on cultivation conditions, when grown in Hanford, California.

[0618] Umbels: Large umbels that shed their spathes at maturity; 2.5 to 3" average diameter, spherical shape.

[0619] Bulbils: few. When present are 1 mm to 6mm; average size, elongated sphere with points on each end, color cream to yellow to light purple.

[0620] Spathe: Sheds at maturity of plant.

[0621] Average bulb yield per plant: 1.

[0622] Soluble solids content: 43.0-46.4%.

[0623] EXAMPLE XXXVIII

[0624] Hardneck Garlic Clonal Line 6036

[0625] An exemplary hardneck garlic clonal line identified as 6036 is characterized in nonlimiting fashion as follows.

[0626] Origin: Hanford, California.

[0627] Classification: Botanical. — Allium sativum.

[0628] Height including umbel: 5 to 6 feet; 5 ft 9 inches (2023 growing season), depending on cultivation conditions, when grown in Hanford, California.

[0629] Umbels: Large umbels that shed their spathes at maturity; 2.5 to 3" average diameter, spherical shape.

[0630] Bulbils: few. When present are 1 mm to 6mm; average size, elongated sphere with points on each end, color cream to yellow to light purple.

[0631] Spathe: Sheds at maturity of plant.

[0632] Average bulb yield per plant: 1.

[0633] Soluble solids content: 41.0-45.1%.

[0634] EXAMPLE XXXIX

[0635] Hardneck Garlic Clonal Line 6037

[0636] An exemplary hardneck garlic clonal line identified as 6037 is characterized in nonlimiting fashion as follows. Origin: Hanford, California.

[0637] Classification: Botanical. — Allium sativum.

[0638] Height including umbel: 5 to 6 feet; 5 ft 6 inches (2023 growing season), depending on cultivation conditions, when grown in Hanford, California.

[0639] Umbels: Large umbels that shed their spathes at maturity; 2.5 to 3" average diameter, spherical shape.

[0640] Bulbils: few. When present are 1 mm to 6mm; average size, elongated sphere with points on each end, color cream to yellow to light purple.

[0641] Spathe: Sheds at maturity of plant.

[0642] Average bulb yield per plant: 1.

[0643] Soluble solids content: 41.6-46.3%.

[0644] EXAMPLE XL

[0645] Hardneck Garlic Clonal Line 6038

[0646] An exemplary hardneck garlic clonal line identified as 6038 is characterized in nonlimiting fashion as follows.

[0647] Origin: Hanford, California.

[0648] Classification: Botanical. — Allium sativum.

[0649] Height including umbel: 5 to 7 feet; 6 ft 4 inches (2023 growing season), depending on cultivation conditions, when grown in Hanford, California.

[0650] Umbels: Large umbels that shed their spathes at maturity; 2.5 to 3" average diameter, spherical shape.

[0651] Bulbils: few. When present are 1 mm to 6mm; average size, elongated sphere with points on each end, color cream to yellow to light purple.

[0652] Spathe: Sheds at maturity of plant.

[0653] Average bulb yield per plant: 1.

[0654] Soluble solids content: 43.7-46.9%.

[0655] EXAMPLE XLI

[0656] Hardneck Garlic Clonal Line 6039

[0657] An exemplary hardneck garlic clonal line identified as 6039 is characterized in nonlimiting fashion as follows.

[0658] Origin: Hanford, California.

[0659] Classification: Botanical. — Allium sativum.

[0660] Height including umbel: 5 to 6 feet; 5 ft 3 inches (2023 growing season), depending on cultivation conditions, when grown in Hanford, California.

[0661] Umbels: Large umbels that shed their spathes at maturity; 2.5 to 3" average diameter, spherical shape. Bulbils: few. When present are 1 mm to 6mm; average size, elongated sphere with points on each end, color cream to yellow to light purple.

[0662] Spathe: Sheds at maturity of plant.

[0663] Average bulb yield per plant: 1.

[0664] Soluble solids content: 42.8-45. 1 %.

[0665] EXAMPLE XLII

[0666] Hardneck Garlic Clonal Line 6040

[0667] An exemplary hardneck garlic clonal line identified as 6040 is characterized in nonlimiting fashion as follows.

[0668] Origin: Hanford, California.

[0669] Classification: Botanical. — Allium sativum.

[0670] Height including umbel: 4 to 6 feet; 4 ft 2 inches (2023 growing season), depending on cultivation conditions, when grown in Hanford, California.

[0671] Umbels: Large umbels that shed their spathes at maturity; 2.5 to 3" average diameter, spherical shape.

[0672] Bulbils: few. When present are 1 mm to 6mm; average size, elongated sphere with points on each end, color cream to yellow to light purple.

[0673] Spathe: Sheds at maturity of plant.

[0674] Average bulb yield per plant: 1.

[0675] Soluble solids content: 40.9-43.4%.

[0676] EXAMPLE XLIII

[0677] Comparative Softneck Garlic 4050

[0678] A comparative softneck garlic identified as 4050 is characterized in nonlimiting fashion as follows.

[0679] Origin: Hanford, California.

[0680] Classification: Botanical. — Allium sativum.

[0681] Bulb position: Slightly depressed.

[0682] Average bulb yield per plant: 1.

[0683] Mean Weight / Bulb: 59.78 g.

[0684] Mean Weight / Bulb Range: 28.62 - 88.65 g.

[0685] Bulb Color: Grayish orange (Hex #d5d2ce).

[0686] Number of cloves / bulb: 5 - 15.

[0687] Mean Clove weight: 4.59 g.

[0688] Weight / Clove Range: 2.51 - 10.39 g.

[0689] Clove color: Grayish yellow (Hex #d2d4c7).

[0690] Clove skin color: Grayish yellow (Hex #cbcac3). Mean Clove length: 29.90 mm.

[0691] Clove Length Range: 19.76 - 44.43 mm.

[0692] Mean Clove diameter: 18.54 mm.

[0693] Clove Diameter Range: 9.24 - 33.07 mm.

[0694] Soluble solids content: 38-40%.

[0695] EXAMPLE XLIV

[0696] Meristem Isolation, Cryopreservation and Meristem Deposits

[0697] According to one aspect, meristem is obtained from each hardneck garlic clonal plant line described herein and cryopreserved. Methods of obtaining meristem from garlic cloves is known in the art. In general, garlic cloves are surface sterilized using sodium hypochlorite and rinsed with sterile cold water. To obtain meristem, a sterile scalpel is used to make a perpendicular cut through the clove, at about 1 cm above the base of the clove. Using a dissecting microscope, the leaf bundle or central opening is located. A scalpel is used to cut down through the clove close to the center of the leaf bundle, allowing the scalpel blade to follow the contour of the leaf bundle. A scalpel is used to remove the leaves until the meristem is exposed, by cutting vertically through the leaves to the basal plate, differentiating the leaf primordia from the meristem. A scalpel is used to excise the meristem by slipping the tip of the blade under the meristem. The meristem should be about 1.0 mm in length.

[0698] Meristems are then cryopreserved according to methods known in the art. For example, cryopreservation methods are described by Makowska et al., 1999, Cryopreservation of apices isolated from garlic Allium sativum L.) bulbils and cloves, Cryoletters 20:175-182; Niwata, 1995, Cry opreservation of apical meristems of garlic (Allium sativum L.) and high subsequent plant regeneration, Cryoletters 16:102-107; and Ellis et al., 2006, Implementation of garlic cryopreservation techniques in the National Plant Germplasm System, Cryoletters 27:99-106, each of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety for the teaching of cryopreservation techniques useful with garlic meristem. Additional cryopreservation methods useful with garlic meristem are available from the world wide website ars.usda.gov, Cryopreservation of Allium sativum germplasm at the NCGRP. EXAMPLE XLV

[0699] Derivative Hardneck Garlic Plants

[0700] The hardneck garlic plants described herein and exemplified by the clones identified herein can be used to produce further clones of such plants, such as by planting cloves obtained from the hardneck garlic plants. Such clones can be used to harvest seeds for planting to produce hardneck garlic plants. Accordingly, aspects of the present disclosure are directed to hardneck garlic bulbs or cloves and to plants, plant parts, bulbs, scapes, bulbils, germplasm, seeds, pollen, stamen, protoplast, ovules, leaves, flower, and cells of said plants. Also provided is a tissue culture of cells obtained from such hardneck garlic bulbs or cloves or plants, such as a tissue culture of cells from a tissue selected from the group consisting of leaf, pollen, embryo, bud, anther, flower, bud and meristem. As is known in the art, meristem culture can be used to eliminate viruses, with virus free selected clones being asexually propagated.

[0701] Hardneck garlic plants described herein include any derivatives thereof, such as clones or progeny obtained from hardneck garlic plants generated from the cloves or seeds or by crossing of any one of the hardneck garlic plants obtained from the cloves or seeds with another hardneck garlic plant. Accordingly, derivatives include hardneck garlic plants or true seeds and cloves obtained from using the hardneck garlic plants (or a derivative thereof) as parent in one or more crosses with a further hardneck garlic plant whereby the progeny have the same (or better) true garlic seed yield or substantial soluble solids phenotype as the parent. Therefore, derivatives may include hybrid hardneck garlic plants or seeds (and cloves of such plants) which produce or are capable of producing cloves having the above (or better) substantial soluble solids content or true seed yielding property as described herein as the cloves and seeds of parent hardneck garlic plant.

[0702] Derivatives also include plants obtained from tissue culture methods and tissue cultures themselves, whereby tissue of any of the herein described plants is used (e.g. leaf, scape, clove, bulbil, pollen, flowers, embryos, protoplasts, etc.). Likewise, transgenic hardneck garlic plants of any of the above plants are encompassed herein. Thus, hardneck garlic plants into which one or more genetic elements have been introduced by transformation are also encompassed herein.

[0703] Transformation and regeneration of garlic uses methods known in the art. For example, one or more genes for herbicide resistance or resistance against microorganisms may he introduced. Likewise, transgenes may be introduced into the hardneck garlic plants according to the invention by crossing the hardneck garlic plant with a hardneck garlic plant comprising the transgene(s) and selecting offspring comprising the transgene(s).

[0704] Hardneck garlic plants that can be crossed with the hardneck garlic plants described herein include any hardneck garlic, such as for example porcelain garlics, rocambole garlic, or purple stripe garlics, etc. Garlic plants (e.g., open pollinated or hybrid plants) can therefore be made having these traits and having good agronomic characteristics, such as disease resistance, pink root resistance, bulb size, clove size, etc.

[0705] EXAMPLE XLVI

[0706] Bulb Color, Clove Skin Color and Clove Flesh Color

[0707] Bulb color, clove skin color and clove flesh color data for exemplary hardneck garlic clonal lines as identified herein is provided in Table 2 and Table 3 below.

[0708] Table 2

[0709] Table 3

[0710] EXAMPLE XLVII

[0711] Leaf Color

[0712] Leaf color data for exemplary hardneck garlic clonal lines as identified herein is provided in Table 4 below. Table 4

[0713] EXAMPLE XLVIII Phenotypic Data for Crop Year 2024

[0714] Phenotypic data for exemplary hardneck garlic clonal lines as identified herein from crop year 2024 is provided in Fig. 38.

[0715] EXAMPLE XLIX

[0716] Breeding Source for Hardneck Garlic Clonal Lines

[0717] The breeding source for exemplary hardneck garlic clonal lines as identified herein is provided in Fig. 39.

[0718] EXAMPLE L

[0719] Soluble Solids and Germ Viability for Crop Year 2024

[0720] Soluble solids and germ viability data for exemplary hardneck garlic clonal lines as identified herein from crop year 2024 is provided in Table 5 below.

[0721] Table 5

[0722] EXAMPLE LI

[0723] Bulb Weight, Clove Number, Clove Weight, Clove Length, And Clove Diameter for Crop Year 2024

[0724] Bulb weight, clove number, clove weight, clove length, and clove diameter data for exemplary hardneck garlic clonal lines as identified herein from crop year 2024 is provided in Fig. 40.

[0725] EXAMPLE LI

[0726] Methods for Genotyping Hardneck Garlic Clonal Lines

[0727] Aspects of the present disclosure are directed to identifying a core set of single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers by which a distinct genetic profile could be derived for exemplary hardneck garlic clonal lines as identified herein. Tissue samples were collected from bulks of 8 plants from each clonal plot. Tissue samples were then lyophilized, weighed and shipped to the University of Minnesota Genomics Center (“UMGC”) for DNA extraction and sequencing via a restriction enzyme based, reduced representation Genotyping by Sequencing (“GBS”) approach. Short reads were trimmed with a custom perl script developed at UMGC.

[0728] Short reads were then aligned using BWA-MEM to reference genomes. Freebayes was used to call variants across all samples in each of the two sequencing runs after which bcftools was used to filter the total variant data sets further based on depth of coverage, sequence quality score, biallelic SNP marker type, minor allele frequency, and call presence across all samples. Finally, each of the two variant data sets were run through CoreSNP python script to select subsets of 5 SNPs and 22 SNPs that uniquely identify clones identified herein.

[0729] For the data in Fig. 41, the GBS dataset for the first 15 genotypes was aligned against the reference genome found at world wide website ncbi.nlm.nih.gov / datasets / genome / GCA_014155895.2 / . Quality of data in fastq files was assessed with FastQC. GBStrim.pl was used to trim 5’ padding sequences and readthrough into 3’ padding sequences, see world wide website bitbucket.org / jgarbe / gbstrim. BWA-MEM was used to align reads to the reference genome at world wide website world wide website ncbi.nlm.nih.gov / datasets / genome / GCA_014155895.2 / . The bam alignment files were sorted and indexed with Samtools. Freebayes was used to call variants jointly across all samples using the options ‘-use-best-n-alleles 4 -min-coverage 30 -limit-coverage 500’. The raw VCF file generated by Freebayes was filtered to remove the lowest quality variants using vcffilter with the options ‘-f “QU AL > 20”’. Alignment rates were summarized with Picard. The CoreSNP python script was used to identify a core set of SNP markers that uniquely identify the 15 garlic clones included in this sequencing run.

[0730] For the data in Fig. 42, the GBS data set for the second 32 genotypes was aligned to reference genome found at world wide website ncbi.nlm.nih.gov / datasets / genome / GCA_030737875.1 / . The same tools and procedures were used for alignment of the raw GBS sequence reads and subsequent variant calling with Freebayes as with the data in Fig. 41, apart from the reference genome used. The CoreSNP python script was used to identify a core set of SNP markers that uniquely identify the set of 32 garlic clones included in this sequencing run.

[0731] EXAMPLE LII

[0732] Genotyping Results

[0733] As indicated in Table 6 below, CoreSNP identified five SNP markers which when taken together uniquely identify clones 6005, 6014, 6018, 6024, 6026, 6027, and 6032. See Fig. 41. Table 6

[0734] SNP_ID Contig Number position SNP

[0735] 519 CM31530.1 1486000755 C / A

[0736] 1771 CM031532.1 1502740012 G / A

[0737] 2860 CM031534.1 1260925086 A / G

[0738] 2957 CM031534.1 1511816158 T / C

[0739] 4214 CM031537.1 1528197995 C / A

[0740] As indicated in Table 7 below, CoreSNP identified twenty-two SNP markers which when taken together uniquely identify clones 6001, 6002, 6003, 6004, 6006, 6007, 6008, 6009, 6010, 6011, 6013, 6015, 6016, 6019, 6020, 6025, 6028, 6029, 6030, 6031, 6033, 6035, 6036, 6037, 6038, 6039, and 6040. See Fig. 42.

[0741] Table 7

[0742] SNP_ID Contig Number POSITION SNP

[0743] 16 CM060912.1 458929556 T / c”

[0744] 16 CM060913.1 14956674 G / A

[0745] 18 CM060913.1 840392619 T / C

[0746] 27 CM060915.1 737495275 T / C SNP_ID Contig Number POSITION SNP

[0747] 28 CM060915.1 737495290 A / G

[0748] 29 CM060915.1 737495486 C / A

[0749] 31 CM060915.1 742179766 T / C

[0750] 39 CM060916.1 476537509 A / G

[0751] 40 CM060916.1 960538638 T / C

[0752] 57 CM060921.1 623652490 A / G

[0753] 64 CM060922.1 406613393 A / G

[0754] 67 CM060922.1 406613412 A / G

[0755] 68 CM060922.1 406613415 G / T

[0756] 74 CM060923.1 665206634 C / G

[0757] 78 CM060924.1 319892039 T / C

[0758] 91 CM060926.1 789529135 G / C

[0759] 93 CM060926.1 789529150 C / T

[0760] 95 CM060926.1 819163407 G / A

[0761] 96 CM060926.1 819163416 A / G

[0762] 100 CM060926.1 881701897 C / T

[0763] 102 CM060927.1 72078475 G / C

[0764] 103 CM060927.1 72078483 T / C

[0765] EXAMPLE LIII

[0766] Deposit Information

[0767] A deposit of 13 vials of at least 2 cryogenic meristems of hardneck garlic clonal plant line designated 6001 has been made on December 11, 2024 with the Provasoli-Guillard National Center for Marine Algae and Microbiota (NCMA) at Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, 60 Bigelow Drive, East Boothbay, ME 04544 USA and assigned NCMA Accession No. 202412009. All restrictions upon the deposit have been removed, and the deposit is intended to meet all requirements of the Budapest Treaty and 37 C.F.R. §§ 1.801-1.809. Access to the deposit will be made during pendency of the application to the Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks and persons determined by the Commissioner to be entitled thereto upon request. The deposit has been accepted under the Budapest Treaty and will be maintained in the Depository, which is a public depository, for a period of 30 years, or 5 years after the most recent request, or the enforceable life of the patent, whichever is longer, and will be replaced, if it becomes nonviable during that period. Applicant does not waive any infringement of their rights granted under this patent or under the Plant Variety Protection Act (7 U.S.C.2312 et seq.)

[0768] A deposit of 13 vials of at least 2 cryogenic meristems of hardneck garlic clonal plant line designated 6002 has been made on December 11, 2024 with the Provasoli-Guillard National Center for Marine Algae and Microbiota (NCMA) at Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, 60 Bigelow Drive, East Boothbay, ME 04544 USA and assigned NCMA Accession No. 202412010. All restrictions upon the deposit have been removed, and the deposit is intended to meet all requirements of the Budapest Treaty and 37 C.F.R. §§ 1.801-1.809. Access to the deposit will be made during pendency of the application to the Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks and persons determined by the Commissioner to be entitled thereto upon request. The deposit has been accepted under the Budapest Treaty and will be maintained in the Depository, which is a public depository, for a period of 30 years, or 5 years after the most recent request, or the enforceable life of the patent, whichever is longer, and will be replaced, if it becomes nonviable during that period. Applicant does not waive any infringement of their rights granted under this patent or under the Plant Variety Protection Act (7 U.S.C.2312 et seq.)

[0769] A deposit of 13 vials of at least 2 cryogenic meristems of hardneck garlic clonal plant line designated 6003 has been made on December 11, 2024 with the Provasoli-Guillard National Center for Marine Algae and Microbiota (NCMA) at Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, 60 Bigelow Drive, East Boothbay, ME 04544 USA and assigned NCMA Accession No. 202412011. All restrictions upon the deposit have been removed, and the deposit is intended to meet all requirements of the Budapest Treaty and 37 C.F.R. §§ 1.801-1.809. Access to the deposit will be made during pendency of the application to the Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks and persons determined by the Commissioner to be entitled thereto upon request. The deposit has been accepted under the Budapest Treaty and will be maintained in the Depository, which is a public depository, for a period of 30 years, or 5 years after the most recent request, or the enforceable life of the patent, whichever is longer, and will be replaced, if it becomes nonviable during that period. Applicant does not waive any infringement of their rights granted under this patent or under the Plant Variety Protection Act (7 U.S.C.2312 et seq.)

[0770] A deposit of 13 vials of at least 2 cryogenic meristems of hardneck garlic clonal plant line designated 6004 has been made on December 11, 2024 with the Provasoli-Guillard National Center for Marine Algae and Microbiota (NCMA) at Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, 60 Bigelow Drive, East Boothbay, ME 04544 USA and assigned NCMA Accession No. 202412012. All restrictions upon the deposit have been removed, and the deposit is intended to meet all requirements of the Budapest Treaty and 37 C.F.R. §§ 1.801-1.809. Access to the deposit will be made during pendency of the application to the Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks and persons determined by the Commissioner to be entitled thereto upon request. The deposit has been accepted under the Budapest Treaty and will be maintained in the Depository, which is a public depository, for a period of 30 years, or 5 years after the most recent request, or the enforceable life of the patent, whichever is longer, and will be replaced, if it becomes nonviable during that period. Applicant does not waive any infringement of their rights granted under this patent or under the Plant Variety Protection Act (7 U.S.C.2312 et seq.)

[0771] A deposit of 13 vials of at least 2 cryogenic meristems of hardneck garlic clonal plant line designated 6005 has been made on December 11, 2024 with the Provasoli-Guillard National Center for Marine Algae and Microbiota (NCMA) at Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, 60 Bigelow Drive, East Boothbay, ME 04544 USA and assigned NCMA Accession No. 202412013. All restrictions upon the deposit have been removed, and the deposit is intended to meet all requirements of the Budapest Treaty and 37 C.F.R. §§ 1.801-1.809. Access to the deposit will be made during pendency of the application to the Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks and persons determined by the Commissioner to be entitled thereto upon request. The deposit has been accepted under the Budapest Treaty and will be maintained in the Depository, which is a public depository, for a period of 30 years, or 5 years after the most recent request, or the enforceable life of the patent, whichever is longer, and will be replaced, if it becomes nonviable during that period. Applicant does not waive any infringement of their rights granted under this patent or under the Plant Variety Protection Act (7 U.S.C.2312 et seq.)

[0772] A deposit of 13 vials of at least 2 cryogenic meristems of hardneck garlic clonal plant line designated 6006 has been made on December 11, 2024 with the Provasoli-Guillard National Center for Marine Algae and Microbiota (NCMA) at Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, 60 Bigelow Drive, East Boothbay, ME 04544 USA and assigned NCMA Accession No. 202412014. All restrictions upon the deposit have been removed, and the deposit is intended to meet all requirements of the Budapest Treaty and 37 C.F.R. §§ 1.801-1.809. Access to the deposit will be made during pendency of the application to the Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks and persons determined by the Commissioner to be entitled thereto upon request. The deposit has been accepted under the Budapest Treaty and will be maintained in the Depository, which is a public depository, for a period of 30 years, or 5 years after the most recent request, or the enforceable life of the patent, whichever is longer, and will be replaced, if it becomes nonviable during that period. Applicant does not waive any infringement of their rights granted under this patent or under the Plant Variety Protection Act (7 U.S.C.2312 et seq.)

[0773] A deposit of 13 vials of at least 2 cryogenic meristems of hardneck garlic clonal plant line designated 6007 has been made on December 11, 2024 with the Provasoli-Guillard National Center for Marine Algae and Microbiota (NCMA) at Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, 60 Bigelow Drive, East Boothbay, ME 04544 USA and assigned NCMA Accession No. 202412015. All restrictions upon the deposit have been removed, and the deposit is intended to meet all requirements of the Budapest Treaty and 37 C.F.R. §§ 1.801-1.809. Access to the deposit will be made during pendency of the application to the Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks and persons determined by the Commissioner to be entitled thereto upon request. The deposit has been accepted under the Budapest Treaty and will be maintained in the Depository, which is a public depository, for a period of 30 years, or 5 years after the most recent request, or the enforceable life of the patent, whichever is longer, and will be replaced, if it becomes nonviable during that period. Applicant does not waive any infringement of their rights granted under this patent or under the Plant Variety Protection Act (7 U.S.C.2312 et seq.)

[0774] A deposit of 13 vials of at least 2 cryogenic meristems of hardneck garlic clonal plant line designated 6008 has been made on December 11, 2024 with the Provasoli-Guillard National Center for Marine Algae and Microbiota (NCMA) at Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, 60 Bigelow Drive, East Boothbay, ME 04544 USA and assigned NCMA Accession No. 202412016. All restrictions upon the deposit have been removed, and the deposit is intended to meet all requirements of the Budapest Treaty and 37 C.F.R. §§ 1.801-1.809. Access to the deposit will be made during pendency of the application to the Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks and persons determined by the Commissioner to be entitled thereto upon request. The deposit has been accepted under the Budapest Treaty and will be maintained in the Depository, which is a public depository, for a period of 30 years, or 5 years after the most recent request, or the enforceable life of the patent, whichever is longer, and will be replaced, if it becomes nonviable during that period. Applicant does not waive any infringement of their rights granted under this patent or under the Plant Variety Protection Act (7 U.S.C.2312 et seq.)

[0775] A deposit of 13 vials of at least 2 cryogenic meristems of hardneck garlic clonal plant line designated 6009 has been made on December 11, 2024 with the Provasoli-Guillard National Center for Marine Algae and Microbiota (NCMA) at Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, 60 Bigelow Drive, East Boothbay, ME 04544 USA and assigned NCMA Accession No. 202412017. All restrictions upon the deposit have been removed, and the deposit is intended to meet all requirements of the Budapest Treaty and 37 C.F.R. §§ 1.801-1.809. Access to the deposit will be made during pendency of the application to the Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks and persons determined by the Commissioner to be entitled thereto upon request. The deposit has been accepted under the Budapest Treaty and will be maintained in the Depository, which is a public depository, for a period of 30 years, or 5 years after the most recent request, or the enforceable life of the patent, whichever is longer, and will be replaced, if it becomes nonviable during that period. Applicant does not waive any infringement of their rights granted under this patent or under the Plant Variety Protection Act (7 U.S.C.2312 et seq.)

[0776] A deposit of 13 vials of at least 2 cryogenic meristems of hardneck garlic clonal plant line designated 6010 has been made on December 11, 2024 with the Provasoli-Guillard National Center for Marine Algae and Microbiota (NCMA) at Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, 60 Bigelow Drive, East Boothbay, ME 04544 USA and assigned NCMA Accession No. 202412018. All restrictions upon the deposit have been removed, and the deposit is intended to meet all requirements of the Budapest Treaty and 37 C.F.R. §§ 1.801-1.809. Access to the deposit will be made during pendency of the application to the Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks and persons determined by the Commissioner to be entitled thereto upon request. The deposit has been accepted under the Budapest Treaty and will be maintained in the Depository, which is a public depository, for a period of 30 years, or 5 years after the most recent request, or the enforceable life of the patent, whichever is longer, and will be replaced, if it becomes nonviable during that period. Applicant does not waive any infringement of their rights granted under this patent or under the Plant Variety Protection Act (7 U.S.C.2312 et seq.)

[0777] A deposit of 13 vials of at least 2 cryogenic meristems of hardneck garlic clonal plant line designated 6011 has been made on December 11, 2024 with the Provasoli-Guillard National Center for Marine Algae and Microbiota (NCMA) at Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, 60 Bigelow Drive, East Boothbay, ME 04544 USA and assigned NCMA Accession No. 202412019 All restrictions upon the deposit have been removed, and the deposit is intended to meet all requirements of the Budapest Treaty and 37 C.F.R. §§ 1.801-1.809. Access to the deposit will be made during pendency of the application to the Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks and persons determined by the Commissioner to be entitled thereto upon request. The deposit has been accepted under the Budapest Treaty and will be maintained in the Depository, which is a public depository, for a period of 30 years, or 5 years after the most recent request, or the enforceable life of the patent, whichever is longer, and will be replaced, if it becomes nonviable during that period. Applicant does not waive any infringement of their rights granted under this patent or under the Plant Variety Protection Act (7 U.S.C.2312 et seq.)

[0778] A deposit of 13 vials of at least 2 cryogenic meristems of hardneck garlic clonal plant line designated 6013 has been made on December 11, 2024 with the Provasoli-Guillard National Center for Marine Algae and Microbiota (NCMA) at Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, 60 Bigelow Drive, East Boothbay, ME 04544 USA and assigned NCMA Accession No. 202412020. All restrictions upon the deposit have been removed, and the deposit is intended to meet all requirements of the Budapest Treaty and 37 C.F.R. §§ 1.801-1.809. Access to the deposit will be made during pendency of the application to the Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks and persons determined by the Commissioner to be entitled thereto upon request. The deposit has been accepted under the Budapest Treaty and will be maintained in the Depository, which is a public depository, for a period of 30 years, or 5 years after the most recent request, or the enforceable life of the patent, whichever is longer, and will be replaced, if it becomes nonviable during that period. Applicant does not waive any infringement of their rights granted under this patent or under the Plant Variety Protection Act (7 U.S.C.2312 et seq.)

[0779] A deposit of 13 vials of at least 2 cryogenic meristems of hardneck garlic clonal plant line designated 6015 has been made on December 11, 2024 with the Provasoli-Guillard National Center for Marine Algae and Microbiota (NCMA) at Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, 60 Bigelow Drive, East Boothbay, ME 04544 USA and assigned NCMA Accession No. 202412022. All restrictions upon the deposit have been removed, and the deposit is intended to meet all requirements of the Budapest Treaty and 37 C.F.R. §§ 1.801-1.809. Access to the deposit will be made during pendency of the application to the Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks and persons determined by the Commissioner to be entitled thereto upon request. The deposit has been accepted under the Budapest Treaty and will be maintained in the Depository, which is a public depository, for a period of 30 years, or 5 years after the most recent request, or the enforceable life of the patent, whichever is longer, and will be replaced, if it becomes nonviable during that period. Applicant does not waive any infringement of their rights granted under this patent or under the Plant Variety Protection Act (7 U.S.C.2312 et seq.)

[0780] A deposit of 13 vials of at least 2 cryogenic meristems of hardneck garlic clonal plant line designated 6016 has been made on December 11, 2024 with the Provasoli-Guillard National Center for Marine Algae and Microbiota (NCMA) at Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, 60 Bigelow Drive, East Boothbay, ME 04544 USA and assigned NCMA Accession No. 202412023. All restrictions upon the deposit have been removed, and the deposit is intended to meet all requirements of the Budapest Treaty and 37 C.F.R. §§ 1.801-1.809. Access to the deposit will be made during pendency of the application to the Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks and persons determined by the Commissioner to be entitled thereto upon request. The deposit has been accepted under the Budapest Treaty and will be maintained in the Depository, which is a public depository, for a period of 30 years, or 5 years after the most recent request, or the enforceable life of the patent, whichever is longer, and will be replaced, if it becomes nonviable during that period. Applicant does not waive any infringement of their rights granted under this patent or under the Plant Variety Protection Act (7 U.S.C.2312 et seq.)

[0781] A deposit of 13 vials of at least 2 cryogenic meristems of hardneck garlic clonal plant line designated 6019 has been made on December 11, 2024 with the Provasoli-Guillard National Center for Marine Algae and Microbiota (NCMA) at Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, 60 Bigelow Drive, East Boothbay, ME 04544 USA and assigned NCMA Accession No. 202412025. All restrictions upon the deposit have been removed, and the deposit is intended to meet all requirements of the Budapest Treaty and 37 C.F.R. §§ 1.801-1.809. Access to the deposit will be made during pendency of the application to the Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks and persons determined by the Commissioner to be entitled thereto upon request. The deposit has been accepted under the Budapest Treaty and will be maintained in the Depository, which is a public depository, for a period of 30 years, or 5 years after the most recent request, or the enforceable life of the patent, whichever is longer, and will be replaced, if it becomes nonviable during that period. Applicant does not waive any infringement of their rights granted under this patent or under the Plant Variety Protection Act (7 U.S.C.2312 et seq.)

[0782] A deposit of 13 vials of at least 2 cryogenic meristems of hardneck garlic clonal plant line designated 6020 has been made on December 11, 2024 with the Provasoli-Guillard National Center for Marine Algae and Microbiota (NCMA) at Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, 60 Bigelow Drive, East Boothbay, ME 04544 USA and assigned NCMA Accession No. 202412026. All restrictions upon the deposit have been removed, and the deposit is intended to meet all requirements of the Budapest Treaty and 37 C.F.R. §§ 1.801-1.809. Access to the deposit will be made during pendency of the application to the Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks and persons determined by the Commissioner to be entitled thereto upon request. The deposit has been accepted under the Budapest Treaty and will be maintained in the Depository, which is a public depository, for a period of 30 years, or 5 years after the most recent request, or the enforceable life of the patent, whichever is longer, and will be replaced, if it becomes nonviable during that period. Applicant does not waive any infringement of their rights granted under this patent or under the Plant Variety Protection Act (7 U.S.C.2312 et seq.)

[0783] A deposit of 13 vials of at least 2 cryogenic meristems of hardneck garlic clonal plant line designated 6021 has been made on December 11, 2024 with the Provasoli-Guillard National Center for Marine Algae and Microbiota (NCMA) at Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, 60 Bigelow Drive, East Boothbay, ME 04544 USA and assigned NCMA Accession No. 202412027. All restrictions upon the deposit have been removed, and the deposit is intended to meet all requirements of the Budapest Treaty and 37 C.F.R. §§ 1.801-1.809. Access to the deposit will be made during pendency of the application to the Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks and persons determined by the Commissioner to be entitled thereto upon request. The deposit has been accepted under the Budapest Treaty and will be maintained in the Depository, which is a public depository, for a period of 30 years, or 5 years after the most recent request, or the enforceable life of the patent, whichever is longer, and will be replaced, if it becomes nonviable during that period. Applicant does not waive any infringement of their rights granted under this patent or under the Plant Variety Protection Act (7 U.S.C.2312 et seq.)

[0784] A deposit of 13 vials of at least 2 cryogenic meristems of hardneck garlic clonal plant line designated 6022 has been made on December 11, 2024 with the Provasoli-Guillard National Center for Marine Algae and Microbiota (NCMA) at Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, 60 Bigelow Drive, East Boothbay, ME 04544 USA and assigned NCMA Accession No. 202412028. All restrictions upon the deposit have been removed, and the deposit is intended to meet all requirements of the Budapest Treaty and 37 C.F.R. §§ 1.801-1.809. Access to the deposit will be made during pendency of the application to the Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks and persons determined by the Commissioner to be entitled thereto upon request. The deposit has been accepted under the Budapest Treaty and will be maintained in the Depository, which is a public depository, for a period of 30 years, or 5 years after the most recent request, or the enforceable life of the patent, whichever is longer, and will be replaced, if it becomes nonviable during that period. Applicant does not waive any infringement of their rights granted under this patent or under the Plant Variety Protection Act (7 U.S.C.2312 et seq.)

[0785] A deposit of 13 vials of at least 2 cryogenic meristems of hardneck garlic clonal plant line designated 6024 has been made on December 11, 2024 with the Provasoli-Guillard National Center for Marine Algae and Microbiota (NCMA) at Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, 60 Bigelow Drive, East Boothbay, ME 04544 USA and assigned NCMA Accession No. 202412029. All restrictions upon the deposit have been removed, and the deposit is intended to meet all requirements of the Budapest Treaty and 37 C.F.R. §§ 1.801-1.809. Access to the deposit will be made during pendency of the application to the Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks and persons determined by the Commissioner to be entitled thereto upon request. The deposit has been accepted under the Budapest Treaty and will be maintained in the Depository, which is a public depository, for a period of 30 years, or 5 years after the most recent request, or the enforceable life of the patent, whichever is longer, and will be replaced, if it becomes nonviable during that period. Applicant does not waive any infringement of their rights granted under this patent or under the Plant Variety Protection Act (7 U.S.C.2312 et seq.)

[0786] A deposit of 13 vials of at least 2 cryogenic meristems of hardneck garlic clonal plant line designated 6026 has been made on December 11, 2024 with the Provasoli-Guillard National Center for Marine Algae and Microbiota (NCMA) at Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, 60 Bigelow Drive, East Boothbay, ME 04544 USA and assigned NCMA Accession No. 202412031. All restrictions upon the deposit have been removed, and the deposit is intended to meet all requirements of the Budapest Treaty and 37 C.F.R. §§ 1.801-1.809. Access to the deposit will be made during pendency of the application to the Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks and persons determined by the Commissioner to be entitled thereto upon request. The deposit has been accepted under the Budapest Treaty and will be maintained in the Depository, which is a public depository, for a period of 30 years, or 5 years after the most recent request, or the enforceable life of the patent, whichever is longer, and will be replaced, if it becomes nonviable during that period. Applicant does not waive any infringement of their rights granted under this patent or under the Plant Variety Protection Act (7 U.S.C.2312 et seq.)

[0787] A deposit of 13 vials of at least 2 cryogenic meristems of hardneck garlic clonal plant line designated 6027 has been made on December 11, 2024 with the Provasoli-Guillard National Center for Marine Algae and Microbiota (NCMA) at Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, 60 Bigelow Drive, East Boothbay, ME 04544 USA and assigned NCMA Accession No. 202412032. All restrictions upon the deposit have been removed, and the deposit is intended to meet all requirements of the Budapest Treaty and 37 C.F.R. §§ 1.801-1.809. Access to the deposit will be made during pendency of the application to the Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks and persons determined by the Commissioner to be entitled thereto upon request. The deposit has been accepted under the Budapest Treaty and will be maintained in the Depository, which is a public depository, for a period of 30 years, or 5 years after the most recent request, or the enforceable life of the patent, whichever is longer, and will be replaced, if it becomes nonviable during that period. Applicant does not waive any infringement of their rights granted under this patent or under the Plant Variety Protection Act (7 U.S.C.2312 et seq.)

[0788] A deposit of 13 vials of at least 2 cryogenic meristems of hardneck garlic clonal plant line designated 6029 has been made on December 11, 2024 with the Provasoli-Guillard National Center for Marine Algae and Microbiota (NCMA) at Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, 60 Bigelow Drive, East Boothbay, ME 04544 USA and assigned NCMA Accession No. 202412034. All restrictions upon the deposit have been removed, and the deposit is intended to meet all requirements of the Budapest Treaty and 37 C.F.R. §§ 1.801-1.809. Access to the deposit will be made during pendency of the application to the Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks and persons determined by the Commissioner to be entitled thereto upon request. The deposit has been accepted under the Budapest Treaty and will be maintained in the Depository, which is a public depository, for a period of 30 years, or 5 years after the most recent request, or the enforceable life of the patent, whichever is longer, and will be replaced, if it becomes nonviable during that period. Applicant does not waive any infringement of their rights granted under this patent or under the Plant Variety Protection Act (7 U.S.C.2312 et seq.)

[0789] A deposit of 13 vials of at least 2 cryogenic meristems of hardneck garlic clonal plant line designated 6030 has been made on December 11, 2024 with the Provasoli-Guillard National Center for Marine Algae and Microbiota (NCMA) at Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, 60 Bigelow Drive, East Boothbay, ME 04544 USA and assigned NCMA Accession No. 202412035. All restrictions upon the deposit have been removed, and the deposit is intended to meet all requirements of the Budapest Treaty and 37 C.F.R. §§ 1.801-1.809. Access to the deposit will be made during pendency of the application to the Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks and persons determined by the Commissioner to be entitled thereto upon request. The deposit has been accepted under the Budapest Treaty and will be maintained in the Depository, which is a public depository, for a period of 30 years, or 5 years after the most recent request, or the enforceable life of the patent, whichever is longer, and will be replaced, if it becomes nonviable during that period. Applicant does not waive any infringement of their rights granted under this patent or under the Plant Variety Protection Act (7 U.S.C.2312 et seq.)

[0790] A deposit of 13 vials of at least 2 cryogenic meristems of hardneck garlic clonal plant line designated 6031 has been made on December 11, 2024 with the Provasoli-Guillard National Center for Marine Algae and Microbiota (NCMA) at Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, 60 Bigelow Drive, East Boothbay, ME 04544 USA and assigned NCMA Accession No. 202412036. All restrictions upon the deposit have been removed, and the deposit is intended to meet all requirements of the Budapest Treaty and 37 C.F.R. §§ 1.801-1.809. Access to the deposit will be made during pendency of the application to the Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks and persons determined by the Commissioner to be entitled thereto upon request. The deposit has been accepted under the Budapest Treaty and will be maintained in the Depository, which is a public depository, for a period of 30 years, or 5 years after the most recent request, or the enforceable life of the patent, whichever is longer, and will be replaced, if it becomes nonviable during that period. Applicant does not waive any infringement of their rights granted under this patent or under the Plant Variety Protection Act (7 U.S.C.2312 et seq.)

[0791] A deposit of 13 vials of at least 2 cryogenic meristems of hardneck garlic clonal plant line designated 6032 has been made on December 11, 2024 with the Provasoli-Guillard National Center for Marine Algae and Microbiota (NCMA) at Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, 60 Bigelow Drive, East Boothbay, ME 04544 USA and assigned NCMA Accession No. 202412037. All restrictions upon the deposit have been removed, and the deposit is intended to meet all requirements of the Budapest Treaty and 37 C.F.R. §§ 1.801-1.809. Access to the deposit will be made during pendency of the application to the Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks and persons determined by the Commissioner to be entitled thereto upon request. The deposit has been accepted under the Budapest Treaty and will be maintained in the Depository, which is a public depository, for a period of 30 years, or 5 years after the most recent request, or the enforceable life of the patent, whichever is longer, and will be replaced, if it becomes nonviable during that period. Applicant does not waive any infringement of their rights granted under this patent or under the Plant Variety Protection Act (7 U.S.C.2312 et seq.)

[0792] A deposit of 13 vials of at least 2 cryogenic meristems of hardneck garlic clonal plant line designated 6033 has been made on December 11, 2024 with the Provasoli-Guillard National Center for Marine Algae and Microbiota (NCMA) at Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, 60 Bigelow Drive, East Boothbay, ME 04544 USA and assigned NCMA Accession No. 202412038. All restrictions upon the deposit have been removed, and the deposit is intended to meet all requirements of the Budapest Treaty and 37 C.F.R. §§ 1.801-1.809. Access to the deposit will be made during pendency of the application to the Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks and persons determined by the Commissioner to be entitled thereto upon request. The deposit has been accepted under the Budapest Treaty and will be maintained in the Depository, which is a public depository, for a period of 30 years, or 5 years after the most recent request, or the enforceable life of the patent, whichever is longer, and will be replaced, if it becomes nonviable during that period. Applicant does not waive any infringement of their rights granted under this patent or under the Plant Variety Protection Act (7 U.S.C.2312 et seq.)

[0793] A deposit of 13 vials of at least 2 cryogenic meristems of hardneck garlic clonal plant line designated 6035 has been made on December 11, 2024 with the Provasoli-Guillard National Center for Marine Algae and Microbiota (NCMA) at Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, 60 Bigelow Drive, East Boothbay, ME 04544 USA and assigned NCMA Accession No. 202412039. All restrictions upon the deposit have been removed, and the deposit is intended to meet all requirements of the Budapest Treaty and 37 C.F.R. §§ 1.801-1.809. Access to the deposit will be made during pendency of the application to the Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks and persons determined by the Commissioner to be entitled thereto upon request. The deposit has been accepted under the Budapest Treaty and will be maintained in the Depository, which is a public depository, for a period of 30 years, or 5 years after the most recent request, or the enforceable life of the patent, whichever is longer, and will be replaced, if it becomes nonviable during that period. Applicant does not waive any infringement of their rights granted under this patent or under the Plant Variety Protection Act (7 U.S.C.2312 et seq.)

[0794] A deposit of 13 vials of at least 2 cryogenic meristems of hardneck garlic clonal plant line designated 6036 has been made on December 11, 2024 with the Provasoli-Guillard National Center for Marine Algae and Microbiota (NCMA) at Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, 60 Bigelow Drive, East Boothbay, ME 04544 USA and assigned NCMA Accession No. 202412040. All restrictions upon the deposit have been removed, and the deposit is intended to meet all requirements of the Budapest Treaty and 37 C.F.R. §§ 1.801-1.809. Access to the deposit will be made during pendency of the application to the Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks and persons determined by the Commissioner to be entitled thereto upon request. The deposit has been accepted under the Budapest Treaty and will be maintained in the Depository, which is a public depository, for a period of 30 years, or 5 years after the most recent request, or the enforceable life of the patent, whichever is longer, and will be replaced, if it becomes nonviable during that period. Applicant does not waive any infringement of their rights granted under this patent or under the Plant Variety Protection Act (7 U.S.C.2312 et seq.)

[0795] A deposit of 13 vials of at least 2 cryogenic meristems of hardneck garlic clonal plant line designated 6037 has been made on December 11, 2024 with the Provasoli-Guillard National Center for Marine Algae and Microbiota (NCMA) at Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, 60 Bigelow Drive, East Boothbay, ME 04544 USA and assigned NCMA Accession No. 202412041. All restrictions upon the deposit have been removed, and the deposit is intended to meet all requirements of the Budapest Treaty and 37 C.F.R. §§ 1.801-1.809. Access to the deposit will be made during pendency of the application to the Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks and persons determined by the Commissioner to be entitled thereto upon request. The deposit has been accepted under the Budapest Treaty and will be maintained in the Depository, which is a public depository, for a period of 30 years, or 5 years after the most recent request, or the enforceable life of the patent, whichever is longer, and will be replaced, if it becomes nonviable during that period. Applicant does not waive any infringement of their rights granted under this patent or under the Plant Variety Protection Act (7 U.S.C.2312 et seq.)

[0796] A deposit of 13 vials of at least 2 cryogenic meristems of hardneck garlic clonal plant line designated 6038 has been made on December 11, 2024 with the Provasoli-Guillard National Center for Marine Algae and Microbiota (NCMA) at Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, 60 Bigelow Drive, East Boothbay, ME 04544 USA and assigned NCMA Accession No. 2024122042. All restrictions upon the deposit have been removed, and the deposit is intended to meet all requirements of the Budapest Treaty and 37 C.F.R. §§ 1.801-1.809. Access to the deposit will be made during pendency of the application to the Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks and persons determined by the Commissioner to be entitled thereto upon request. The deposit has been accepted under the Budapest Treaty and will be maintained in the Depository, which is a public depository, for a period of 30 years, or 5 years after the most recent request, or the enforceable life of the patent, whichever is longer, and will be replaced, if it becomes nonviable during that period. Applicant does not waive any infringement of their rights granted under this patent or under the Plant Variety Protection Act (7 U.S.C.2312 et seq.)

[0797] A deposit of 13 vials of at least 2 cryogenic meristems of hardneck garlic clonal plant line designated 6039 has been made on December 11, 2024 with the Provasoli-Guillard National Center for Marine Algae and Microbiota (NCMA) at Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, 60 Bigelow Drive, East Boothbay, ME 04544 USA and assigned NCMA Accession No. 202412043. All restrictions upon the deposit have been removed, and the deposit is intended to meet all requirements of the Budapest Treaty and 37 C.F.R. §§ 1.801-1.809. Access to the deposit will be made during pendency of the application to the Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks and persons determined by the Commissioner to be entitled thereto upon request. The deposit has been accepted under the Budapest Treaty and will be maintained in the Depository, which is a public depository, for a period of 30 years, or 5 years after the most recent request, or the enforceable life of the patent, whichever is longer, and will be replaced, if it becomes nonviable during that period. Applicant does not waive any infringement of their rights granted under this patent or under the Plant Variety Protection Act (7 U.S.C.2312 et seq.)

[0798] A deposit of 13 vials of at least 2 cryogenic meristems of hardneck garlic clonal plant line designated 6040 has been made on December 11, 2024 with the Provasoli-Guillard National Center for Marine Algae and Microbiota (NCMA) at Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, 60 Bigelow Drive, East Boothbay, ME 04544 USA and assigned NCMA Accession No. 202412044. All restrictions upon the deposit have been removed, and the deposit is intended to meet all requirements of the Budapest Treaty and 37 C.F.R. §§ 1.801-1.809. Access to the deposit will be made during pendency of the application to the Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks and persons determined by the Commissioner to be entitled thereto upon request. The deposit has been accepted under the Budapest Treaty and will be maintained in the Depository, which is a public depository, for a period of 30 years, or 5 years after the most recent request, or the enforceable life of the patent, whichever is longer, and will be replaced, if it becomes nonviable during that period. Applicant does not waive any infringement of their rights granted under this patent or under the Plant Variety Protection Act (7 U.S.C.2312 et seq.)

[0799] EXAMPLE LIII

[0800] Embodiments Aspects of the present disclosure are directed to a clonal hardneck garlic plant having a soluble solids content of at least 38%, at least 39%, at least 40%, at least 41%, at least 42%, at least 43%, at least 44%, at least 45%, at least 46%, at least 47%, at least 48%, at least 49%, at least 50%, at least 51%, at least 52%, between 38% to 51%, between 39% to 51%, between 40% to 51%, between 41% to 51%, between 42% to 51%, between 43% to 51%, between 44% to 51%, between 45% to 51%, between 46% to 51%, between 47% to 51%, between 48% to 51%, between 49% to 51%, or between 50% to 51%, as measured by a refractometer, and optionally capable of producing viable true garlic seeds.

[0801] Aspects of the present disclosure are directed to a clonal hardneck garlic plant capable of producing between 200 and 1300 of true garlic seeds per umbel, at least 200 true garlic seeds per umbel, at least 300 true garlic seeds per umbel, at least 400 true garlic seeds per umbel, at least 500 true garlic seeds per umbel, at least 600 true garlic seeds per umbel, at least 700 true garlic seeds per umbel, at least 800 true garlic seeds per umbel, at least 900 true garlic seeds per umbel, at least 1000 true garlic seeds per umbel, at least 1100 true garlic seeds per umbel, at least 1200 true garlic seeds per umbel, or at least 1300 true garlic seeds per umbel.

[0802] According to one aspect, the true garlic seeds have a viability of at least 10%, at least 20%, at least 30%, at least 40%, at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 90%, or at least 95%.

[0803] According to one aspect, a garlic seed (true garlic seed) is provided that produces a clonal hardneck garlic plant as described herein. According to one aspect, a plant part of the clonal hardneck garlic plant is provided herein. According to one aspect, the plant part is a leaf, a stem, a pollen, an ovule, a clove, a bulbil, or a cell.

[0804] According to one aspect, a tissue culture of regenerable cells of a clonal hardneck garlic plant described herein is provided. According to one aspect, the tissue culture includes cells or protoplasts from a plant part comprising embryos, meristems, pollen, leaves, anthers, roots, root tips, pistils, flowers, seeds, and stalks. According to one aspect, an offspring of a clonal hardneck garlic plant is provided herein.

[0805] According to one aspect, the offspring is a hybrid plant.

[0806] According to one aspect, a method for producing true garlic seeds is provided including vegetatively propagating a clonal hardneck garlic plant as described herein, and allowing the clonal hardneck garlic plant to produce seeds.

[0807] According to one aspect, a method for the production of a botanical garlic seed is provided including the steps of: a) providing a clonal hardneck garlic plant as described herein; b) allowing said garlic plant to produce a seed; and c) harvesting said produced seed.

[0808] According to one aspect, a method for producing a seed of a hardneck garlic plant derived from a clonal hardneck garlic plant as described herein is provided including the steps of (a) crossing the clonal hardneck garlic plant of any of claims 1-51 with a second garlic plant; and (b) allowing hybrid seed to form. According to one aspect, the method includes the step of (c) growing the hybrid seed into a hybrid garlic plant.

[0809] According to one aspect, a method of vegetatively propagating a clonal hardneck garlic plant as described herein is provided including the steps of (a) collecting tissue capable of being propagated from a clonal hardneck garlic plant as described herein; and (b) propagating a garlic plant from the tissue.

[0810] According to one aspect, a method of producing garlics is provided including the steps of (a) obtaining a clonal hardneck garlic plant as described herein, wherein the plant has been cultivated to maturity, and (b) collecting at least one garlic bulb from the plant.

[0811] According to one aspect, a method for producing true garlic seed from a clonal hardneck garlic plant as described herein is provided including the steps of (1) growing a plurality of clonal hardneck garlic plants as described herein under conditions until flowers develop on the garlic plants, the garlic plants having a seed stalk which is attached to the plant bulb; (2) pollinating the flowers of the garlic plant using open field pollination;(3) providing sufficient water and nutrients to the garlic plant to develop mature, viable true seed; (4) leaving the seed stalk of the garlic parent plant attached to the plant bulb until mature, viable true seed is formed; and (5) harvesting the true seed.

[0812] According to one aspect, a plurality of clonal hardneck garlic plants is provided capable of producing viable true garlic seeds and having an average soluble solids content of at least 38% as determined by a liquid sample obtained from 20 cloves from 20 different clonal hardneck garlic plants within the plurality and as measured by a refractometer.

[0813] A hardneck garlic plant designated 6001, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412009. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6002, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412010. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6003, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412011. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6004, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412012. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6005, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412013. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6006, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412014. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6007, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412015. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6008, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412016. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6009, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412017. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6010, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412018. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6011, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412019. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6013, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412020. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6015, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412022. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6016, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412023. A hardneck garlic plant designated

[0814] 6019, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412025. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6020, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412026. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6021, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412027. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6022, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412028. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6024, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412029. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6026, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412031. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6027, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412032. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6029, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412034. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6030, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412035. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6031, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412036. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6032, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412037. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6033, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412038. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6035, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412039. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6036, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412040. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6037, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412041. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6038, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412042. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6039, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412043. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6040, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412044.

[0815] Although the foregoing invention has been described in some detail by way of illustration and example for purposes of clarity and understanding, it will be obvious that certain changes and modifications may be practiced within the scope of the invention, as limited only by the scope of the appended claims.

[0816] All references cited herein are hereby expressly incorporated herein by reference.

Claims

CLAIMS1. A clonal hardneck garlic plant having a soluble solids content of at least 38% as measured by a refractometer, and optionally capable of producing viable true garlic seeds.

2. The clonal hardneck garlic plant of claim 1 having a soluble solids content of at least 39%.

3. The clonal hardneck garlic plant of claim 1 having a soluble solids content of at least 40%.

4. The clonal hardneck garlic plant of claim 1 having a soluble solids content of at least 41%.

5. The clonal hardneck garlic plant of claim 1 having a soluble solids content of at least 42%.

6. The clonal hardneck garlic plant of claim 1 having a soluble solids content of at least 43%.

7. The clonal hardneck garlic plant of claim 1 having a soluble solids content of at least 44%.

8. The clonal hardneck garlic plant of claim 1 having a soluble solids content of at least 45%.

9. The clonal hardneck garlic plant of claim 1 having a soluble solids content of at least 46%.

10. The clonal hardneck garlic plant of claim 1 having a soluble solids content of at least 47%.

11. The clonal hardneck garlic plant of claim 1 having a soluble solids content of at least 48%.

12. The clonal hardneck garlic plant of claim 1 having a soluble solids content of at least 49%.

13. The clonal hardneck garlic plant of claim 1 having a soluble solids content of at least 50%.

14. The clonal hardneck garlic plant of claim 1 having a soluble solids content of at least 51%.

15. The clonal hardneck garlic plant of claim 1 having a soluble solids content of at least 52%.

16. The clonal hardneck garlic plant of claim 1 having a soluble solids content of between 38% to 51%.

17. The clonal hardneck garlic plant of claim 1 having a soluble solids content of between 39% to 51% as determined by a refractometer.

18. The clonal hardneck garlic plant of claim 1 having a soluble solids content of between 40% to 51% as determined by a refractometer.

19. The clonal hardneck garlic plant of claim 1 having a soluble solids content of between 41% to 51% as determined by a refractometer.

20. The clonal hardneck garlic plant of claim 1 having a soluble solids content of between 42% to 51% as determined by a refractometer.

21. The clonal hardneck garlic plant of claim 1 having a soluble solids content of between 43% to 51%.

22. The clonal hardneck garlic plant of claim 1 having a soluble solids content of between 44% to 51%.

23. The clonal hardneck garlic plant of claim 1 having a soluble solids content of between 45% to 51%.

24. The clonal hardneck garlic plant of claim 1 having a soluble solids content of between 46% to 51%.

25. The clonal hardneck garlic plant of claim 1 having a soluble solids content of between 47% to 51%.

26. The clonal hardneck garlic plant of claim 1 having a soluble solids content of between 48% to 51%.

27. The clonal hardneck garlic plant of claim 1 having a soluble solids content of between 49% to 51%.

28. The clonal hardneck garlic plant of claim 1 having a soluble solids content of between 50% to 51%.

29. The clonal hardneck garlic plant of claims 1 to 28 capable of producing between200 and 1300 of true garlic seeds per umbel.

30. The clonal hardneck garlic plant of claims 1 to 28 capable of producing at least200 true garlic seeds per umbel.

31. The clonal hardneck garlic plant of claims 1 to 28 capable of producing at least300 true garlic seeds per umbel.

32. The clonal hardneck garlic plant of claims 1 to 28 capable of producing at least400 true garlic seeds per umbel.

33. The clonal hardneck garlic plant of claims 1 to 28 capable of producing at least500 true garlic seeds per umbel.

34. The clonal hardneck garlic plant of claims 1 to 28 capable of producing at least600 true garlic seeds per umbel.

35. The clonal hardneck garlic plant of claims 1 to 28 capable of producing at least700 true garlic seeds per umbel.

36. The clonal hardneck garlic plant of claims 1 to 28 capable of producing at least800 true garlic seeds per umbel.

37. The clonal hardneck garlic plant of claims 1 to 28 capable of producing at least900 true garlic seeds per umbel.

38. The clonal hardneck garlic plant of claims 1 to 28 capable of producing at least1000 true garlic seeds per umbel.

39. The clonal hardneck garlic plant of claims 1 to 28 capable of producing at least1100 true garlic seeds per umbel.

40. The clonal hardneck garlic plant of claims 1 to 28 capable of producing at least 1200 true garlic seeds per umbel.

41. The clonal hardneck garlic plant of claims 1 to 28 capable of producing at least 1300 true garlic seeds per umbel.

42. The clonal hardneck garlic plant of claims 29 to 41 wherein the true garlic seeds have a viability of at least 10%.

43. The clonal hardneck garlic plant of claims 29 to 41 wherein the true garlic seeds have a viability of at least 20%.

44. The clonal hardneck garlic plant of claims 29 to 41 wherein the true garlic seeds have a viability of at least 30%.

45. The clonal hardneck garlic plant of claims 29 to 41 wherein the true garlic seeds have a viability of at least 40%.

46. The clonal hardneck garlic plant of claims 29 to 41 wherein the true garlic seeds have a viability of at least 50%.

47. The clonal hardneck garlic plant of claims 29 to 41 wherein the true garlic seeds have a viability of at least 60%.

48. The clonal hardneck garlic plant of claims 29 to 41 wherein the true garlic seeds have a viability of at least 70%.

49. The clonal hardneck garlic plant of claims 29 to 41 wherein the true garlic seeds have a viability of at least 80%.

50. The clonal hardneck garlic plant of claims 29 to 41 wherein the true garlic seeds have a viability of at least 90%.

51. The clonal hardneck garlic plant of claims 29 to 41 wherein the true garlic seeds have a viability of at least 95%.

52. A garlic seed that produces the clonal hardneck garlic plant of any of claims 1 to 51.

53. A plant part of the clonal hardneck garlic plant of any of claims 1 -51.

54. The plant part according to claim 53, wherein said plant part is a leaf, a stem, a pollen, an ovule, a clove, a bulbil, or a cell.

55. A tissue culture of regenerable cells of the clonal hardneck garlic plant of any of claims 1 to 51.

56. The tissue culture according to claim 55, comprising cells or protoplasts from a plant part comprising embryos, meristems, pollen, leaves, anthers, roots, root tips, pistils, flowers, seeds, and stalks.

57. An offspring of the clonal hardneck garlic plant of any of claims 1-51, wherein the offspring is a hybrid plant.

58. A method for producing true garlic seeds comprising vegetatively propagating the clonal hardneck garlic plant of any of claims 1-51, and allowing the clonal hardneck garlic plant to produce seeds.

59. A method for the production of a botanical garlic seed, the method comprises the steps of: a) providing a clonal hardneck garlic plant according to any of claims 1-51; b) allowing said garlic plant to produce a seed; and c) harvesting said produced seed.

60. A method for producing a seed of a hardneck garlic plant derived from the clonal hardneck garlic plant of any of claims 1-51, the method comprising the steps of:(a) crossing the clonal hardneck garlic plant of any of claims 1-51 with a second garlic plant; and(b) allowing hybrid seed to form.

61. The method of claim 60, the method further comprising the steps of:(c) growing the hybrid seed into a hybrid garlic plant.

62. A method of vegetatively propagating the clonal hardneck garlic plant of any of claims 1-51 , the method comprising the steps of:(a) collecting tissue capable of being propagated from the clonal hardneck garlic plant of any of claims 1-51 ; and(b) propagating a garlic plant from the tissue.

63. A method of producing garlics comprising:(a) obtaining the clonal hardneck garlic plant of any of claims 1-51, wherein the plant has been cultivated to maturity, and(b) collecting at least one garlic bulb from the plant.

64. A method for producing true garlic seed from a clonal hardneck garlic plant of any of claims 1-51 comprising the steps of:(1) growing a plurality of clonal hardneck garlic plants of any of claims 1-51 under conditions until flowers develop on the garlic plants, the garlic plants having a seed stalk which is attached to the plant bulb;(2) pollinating the flowers of the garlic plant using open field pollination;(3) providing sufficient water and nutrients to the garlic plant to develop mature, viable true seed;(4) leaving the seed stalk of the garlic parent plant attached to the plant bulb until mature, viable true seed is formed; and(5) harvesting the true seed.

65. A plurality of clonal hardneck garlic plants capable of producing viable true garlic seeds and having an average soluble solids content of at least 38% as determined by a liquidsample obtained from 20 cloves from 20 different clonal hardneck garlic plants within the plurality and as measured by a refractometer.

66. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6001, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412009.

67. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6002, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412010.

68. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6003, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412011.

69. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6004, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412012.

70. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6005, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412013.

71. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6006, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412014.

72. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6007, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412015.

73. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6008, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412016.

74. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6009, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412017.

75. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6010, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412018.

76. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6011, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412019.

77. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6013, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412020.

78. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6015, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412022.

79. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6016, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412023.

80. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6019, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412025.

81. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6020, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412026.

82. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6021, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412027.

83. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6022, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412028.

84. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6024, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412029.

85. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6026, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412031.

86. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6027, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412032.

87. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6029, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412034.

88. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6030, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412035.

89. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6031, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412036.

90. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6032, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412037.

91. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6033, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412038.

92. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6035, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412039.

93. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6036, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412040.

94. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6037, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412041.

95. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6038, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412042.

96. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6039, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412043.

97. A hardneck garlic plant designated 6040, wherein representative meristem are deposited under NCMA Accession Number 202412044.

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