A portable refuelling device

Abstract

A portable refuelling device (10) is provided for refuelling a vehicle. The device includes a mounting arrangement (26) provided on a first side of a frame, a plurality of storage tanks for storing a gaseous fuel arranged within the frame, and a refuelling outlet nozzle configured to discharge a gaseous fuel from the plurality of storage tanks for refuelling a vehicle. The mounting arrangement is configured to mount the portable refuelling device to an arm of a working machine.

Description

[0001] A Portable Refuelling Device

[0002] FIELD

[0003] The present teachings relate to a portable refuelling device, a working machine comprising a portable refuelling device, and a method of transporting a portable refuelling device.

[0004] BACKGROUND

[0005] Off-highway vehicles or working machines are for example those used in construction industries and agriculture (e.g. backhoe loaders, slew excavators, telescopic handlers, forklifts, skid-steer loaders, tractors, etc.) and typically have a body supported by a groundengaging propulsion structure such as front and rear wheels, or a pair of endless tracks. To propel the working machine, a drive arrangement, including for example a transmission and a prime mover such as an internal combustion engine, provides motive power to the groundengaging propulsion structure.

[0006] Conventional working machines typically have a diesel prime mover but there is an increasing need to move towards more environmentally friendly alternatives, such as hydrogen. However, the use of hydrogen requires a separate infrastructure to provide fuel at the point of use such that off-highway machines can easily refuel with minimum disruption to their working schedule. Existing solutions include storage tanks which are provided at a particular site and include enough fuel to refuel numerous machines multiple times.

[0007] The present teachings seek to overcome, or at least mitigate one or more problems associated with the prior art.

[0008] SUMMARY

[0009] The present invention provides a portable refuelling device, a working machine, and a method according to the appended claims.

[0010] According to a first aspect there is provided a portable refuelling device for refuelling a vehicle having at least one vehicle storage tank for storing a gaseous fuel, the device comprising: a body defining an internal chamber; a refuelling outlet nozzle configured to discharge a gaseous fuel for refuelling a vehicle; and a gas storage system comprising at least one storage tank for storing a gaseous fuel, optionally hydrogen, and a gas fuel line fluidly connecting the tank valve to the refuelling outlet nozzle. In some embodiments, the portable refuelling device comprises a controller configured to control the gas storage system. The controller may be configured to control a flow rate of the gaseous fuel through the gas fuel line towards the refuelling outlet nozzle based on a pressure and / or temperature of the at least one storage tank and / or the vehicle storage tank.

[0011] The gas storage system may comprise a tank temperature sensor configured to monitor a tank temperature of the at least one storage tank, and wherein the controller may be configured to control the flow rate based on the tank temperature.

[0012] The controller may be configured to monitor the tank temperature and to control the flow rate to maintain the tank temperature within a predetermined temperature range, optionally in the range -20°C to 65°C.

[0013] The gas storage system may comprise a variable valve, and wherein the controller is configured to control the variable valve to control the flow rate.

[0014] The gas storage system may comprise a flow monitoring assembly configured to monitor flow of the gaseous fuel through the gas fuel line, and wherein the controller is configured to control the variable valve to control the flow rate based on the monitored flow of gaseous fuel.

[0015] The portable refuelling device may comprise a flow restrictor configured to restrict a flow rate of gaseous fuel.

[0016] The at least one storage tank may comprise a non-metallic body, optionally wherein the tank body is formed from a plastics material and / or a composite material.

[0017] The non-metallic body may be encased in a carbon fibre cover.

[0018] The portable refuelling device may comprise a communication system to receive data relating to pressure and / or temperature of the vehicle storage tank, and wherein the controller is configured to control the flow rate based on the pressure and / or temperature of the vehicle storage tank.

[0019] The communication system may be at least partially disposed on the refuelling outlet nozzle.

[0020] The controller may be configured to monitor the temperature of the vehicle storage tank and to control the flow rate to maintain the temperature of the vehicle storage tank within a predetermined temperature range, optionally in the range -20°C to 65°C.

[0021] The controller may be configured to stop refuelling of the vehicle when the pressure and / or temperature of the vehicle storage tank reaches a predetermined threshold. The portable refuelling device may comprise a battery configured to power the portable refuelling device.

[0022] The portable refuelling device may comprise at least one solar panel and / or an electrical socket configured to charge the battery.

[0023] The portable refuelling device may comprise a plurality of storage tanks, and wherein the gas fuel line comprises a single tank line extending between each storage tank and a common manifold block.

[0024] Each tank line may comprise a bidirectional valve.

[0025] The gas storage system may comprise a manifold pressure sensor configured to monitor pressure in the common manifold.

[0026] The gas storage system comprises a shut-off valve for fluidically isolating the at least one storage tank from the refuelling nozzle and a filling inlet, and wherein the gas fuel line comprises a manifold line extending between the manifold and the shut-off valve.

[0027] The portable refuelling device may comprise a mounting arrangement provided on a first side of the frame, wherein the mounting arrangement is configured to mount the portable refuelling device to an arm of a working machine.

[0028] The at least one storage tank may be arranged within the chamber to extend along a substantially horizontal axis.

[0029] Each storage tanks may be a storage cylinder tank, and the plurality of storage cylinder tanks may be hexagonally packed.

[0030] The plurality of storage tanks may be arranged in a plurality of columns each comprising a plurality of storage tanks, and wherein the number of storage tanks in each column is greater than the number of columns.

[0031] The portable refuelling device may comprise exactly two columns, each column comprising exactly three storage tanks.

[0032] Each column of storage tanks may be provided with a vent line.

[0033] The body may comprise a side wall comprising an access panel, and wherein the refuelling outlet nozzle is arranged behind the access panel. According to a second aspect there is provided a working machine comprising: a body; a working arm connected to the body for performing work functions, said working arm comprising an implement mount; and a portable refuelling device according to the first aspect mounted to the implement mount.

[0034] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Embodiments will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0036] Figure 1 is a schematic isometric view of a portable refuelling device according to an embodiment;

[0037] Figure 2 is an end view of the portable refuelling device of Figure 1 with an access panel in an open position;

[0038] Figure 3 is a schematic isometric view of the portable refuelling device of Figure 1 with the outer panels and storage tanks removed;

[0039] Figure 4 is an alternate schematic isometric view of the portable refuelling device of Figure 1 with the outer panels removed;

[0040] Figure 5 illustrates mounting of a storage tank into the portable refuelling device of Figure 1 ;

[0041] Figure 6 is a schematic isometric view of a working machine according to an embodiment;

[0042] Figure 7 is an enlarged partial view of the working machine of Figure 6; and Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the gas storage system of the present disclosure.

[0043] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT(S)

[0044] In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of various embodiments and the inventive concept. However, those skilled in the art will understand that: the present invention may be practiced without these specific details or with known equivalents of these specific details; that the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments; and, that the present invention may be practiced in a variety of alternative embodiments. It will also be appreciated that well known methods, procedures, components, and systems may not have been described in detail.

[0045] References to vertical and horizontal in the present disclosure should be understood to be in relation to the machine and or device when stood on horizontal ground in a non-working condition. The term axial is generally used in relation to the longitudinal axis of the machine. The term width is generally used in relation to the longitudinal length, that is, transverse to the length.

[0046] Referring firstly to Figures 1 and 2, there is shown a portable refuelling device 10 for refuelling a vehicle. In some embodiments, the portable refuelling device 10 may be configured for refuelling a working machine, working vehicle or off-highway vehicle, such as backhoe loaders, slew excavators, telescopic handlers, forklifts, skid-steer loaders, or tractors. The portable refuelling device 10 may be configured to be mounted to, and carried by, the vehicle that is to be refuelled, or alternatively may be transported by a first vehicle to refuel a second vehicle. The portable refuelling device 10 (which may be simply referred to as refueller) is configured for the refuelling of a gaseous fuel such as hydrogen, but in alternative embodiments other gas-based fuels may be used.

[0047] The portable refuelling device 10 includes a body 12. The body 12 defines an internal chamber. The body 12 has a frame 14 defining an internal chamber. The frame 14 includes a plurality of sides. In the illustrated embodiment, the frame 14 defines first, second, third and fourth sides so as to be substantially rectangular in plan view, although it will be appreciated that the frame 14 may be configured in any suitable shape in alternative embodiments.

[0048] The portable refuelling device 10 includes a gas storage system 74 (see Figure 8). The gas storage system includes a plurality of storage tanks 16a-f (shown in Figures 3 and 4) for storing a gaseous fuel arranged within the chamber. The gas storage system is configured to receive, store and deliver gaseous fuel. In some embodiments, each storage tank 16a-f is formed from a non-metallic body. For example the body of each storage tank 16a-f may be formed from a plastics material and / or a composite material. The body of each storage tank 16a-f may be encased in a carbon fibre cover. In alternative embodiments, any suitable material may be used to form the body of the storage tanks and the carbon fibre cover may be omitted in some embodiments.

[0049] The frame 14 is covered with a plurality of panels. The panels cover the frame 14 to form an enclosure. This arrangement mechanically encloses the device 10 to prevent the ingress of foreign objects such as tree branches, stones, earth, tools, people or other hazards which may be present at the point of use.

[0050] Ideally, for hydrogen and other gaseous fuels which are lighter than air, it is preferable to provide ventilation at the highest location in the housing or chamber thereby removing the need for forced ventilation. Although generally enclosed, it can be seen that the upper surface 30 of the body 12 also includes vented panels 31 to help prevent the entrapment of gas within the enclosure which may be present due to a leak or purposeful discharge during decommissioning or some other event.

[0051] The portable refuelling device 10 includes a refuelling outlet nozzle 18 which is connectable to a vehicle (not shown) having one or more vehicle gas storage tanks that is to be refuelled. The portable refuelling device 10 is configured to discharge a gaseous fuel from the plurality of storage tanks 16 for refuelling the end-user vehicle. The refuelling outlet nozzle 18 may be provided within the enclosure of the portable refuelling device 10 and can be accessed through an access panel 20 provided in a side wall of the body 12, as shown in Figure 2. Each storage tank 16a-f may be in fluid communication with a filling nozzle inlet 19 (shown in Figure 8) configured to receive a supply of gaseous fuel to fill or refuel the storage tanks 16a-f.

[0052] Although not illustrated, the enclosure may include: one or more display devices for providing information in relation to the individual storage tanks 16a-f such as a fill levels or tank pressures; one or more controllers or electronic control units which are required to control charging and discharging of the storage tanks 16a-f; and / or one or more power sources required to provide the necessary electrical control. In some embodiments, the enclosure may house one or more gas systems, for example pipework associated with the storage tanks 16a- f, valves or sensors or the like. In some embodiments, the portable refuelling device 10 may include one or more valves for isolating the tanks 16a-f during on-road transportation. In some embodiments, the isolating valve may be provided behind the access panel 20 or behind a separate access panel.

[0053] The storage tanks 16a-f may be configured to carry up to 20kg, optionally 15kg, optionally 9kg of hydrogen when fully loaded. The storage tanks 16a-f may be configured to have a rated operating pressure of up to 35MPa (350bar / 5076psi), 50Mpa (500bar / 7251psi) or 70Mpa (700bar / 10kpsi), depending on the application. Higher or lower pressures may be possible in some embodiments.

[0054] The body 12 may be provided with one or more lifting interface members 22, such as eyelets configured to enable the device 10 to be lifted by a suitable crane or other lifting device using cables or straps. The lifting interface members 22 may be arranged at each corner of the upper surface 30. The upper surface 30 of the body 12 may also be provided with channels 24 for receiving a mounting strap (not shown) therein. In the illustrated embodiment, two pairs of aligned channels 24 are provided on the upper surface 30 of the body 12.

[0055] The portable refuelling device 10 is provided with a mounting arrangement 26. The mounting arrangement 26 may be configured to mount and / or connect the portable refuelling device 10 to an arm of a working machine (not shown) via an implement mount or coupler on the arm. The portable refuelling device 10 may be mountable or connectable to an arm of a working machine, also known as an off-highway vehicle, such as backhoe loaders, slew excavators, telescopic handlers, forklifts, skid-steer loaders, or tractors.

[0056] In the illustrated embodiment, the mounting arrangement 26 is provided on a first side 28 of the frame 14, but it will be appreciated that the mounting arrangement 26 may be provided on any side of the portable refuelling device 10, or at any other suitable location. In other embodiments, the mounting arrangement 26 may be omitted, and the portable refuelling device 10 may be provided with a lifting arrangement such as lifting interface members, as discussed above, and / or with a pair of sleeves for receiving a pair forklift forks for lifting and transporting the portable refuelling device 10. The sleeve may be accessible from the first side of the frame 14 and may be considered a mounting or lifting arrangement. The sleeves may be connected to or integrally formed with the frame 14. In some embodiments, the portable refuelling device 10 may be provided with the mounting arrangement 26, the lifting interface members 22 and the pair of sleeves, or any combination thereof.

[0057] Enabling the portable refuelling device 10 to be mounted to a working machine enables the device 10 to be transported to a point of use of the end user vehicle. This can be particularly advantageous as it minimises the distance to be travelled by the end user vehicle when refuelling is required. For example, when the end user vehicle is an off-highway work-machine, it may be time consuming and energy inefficient to travel from a point of work to a refueller location. This is particularly so in large construction or agricultural settings where the separation between a central base or some other central location may be up to 30 minutes travel for more remotely located work-machines. Hence, providing a refueller on a working machine which can be deployed in accordance with a predetermined schedule or on demand, has the potential to save significant resource, both in terms of time and fuel. Additionally, or alternatively, the use of a portable refueller allows an optimum refuelling location to be provided flexibly, thereby allowing an improved refuelling strategy for work-machines located in work locations which may vary during the course of a day or week, for example.

[0058] The mounting arrangement 26 may be arranged substantially centrally on the first side of the frame 14. This arrangement improves the weight distribution of the portable refuelling device 10 when it is mounted to a working arm of a working machine, which improves handling and transportation of the refuelling device 10. In the illustrated embodiment, the mounting arrangement 26 is provided in the form of first and second spaced apart mounting members 26a, 26b. Each of the first and second spaced apart mounting members 26a, 26b includes a hook portion 27a, 27b that is configured to mount onto a working implement mount of a working machine. In alternative embodiments it will be understood that any suitable mounting arrangements may be provided. For example, one or more tubular elements may extend between the first and second spaced apart mounting members 26a, 26b, or a skid-steer loader interface may be mounted to the first and second spaced apart mounting members 26a, 26b.

[0059] In some embodiments, the mounting arrangement 26 may be releasably connected to the frame 14, such that different mounting arrangements may be connected to the portable refuelling device 10, to enable the portable refuelling device 10 to be mounted to different types of working machines and / or different types of working implement mounts. In such embodiments, the portable refuelling device may be is securable to a vehicle via a fixture plate. The mounting arrangement 26 may include the fixture plate. The fixture plate may be configured to mechanically mount at least two different fixture interfaces for different working machine arms and / or implement mounts. In exemplary embodiments, the fixture plate may be configured to mount a plurality of different fixture interfaces for mounting the portable refuelling device 10 to different working machines. The fixture plate can improve the versatility and flexibility of the portable refuelling device 10 since it can be fixed to numerous different types of working machine. In this way, if an operator chooses to change the type of working machine used, they will not be required to obtain a new portable refuelling device 10 that is mountable to the new machine. The fixture plate acts as an adaptor to facilitate the interchangeability of different machines with the same portable refuelling device 10. The fixture plate may be provided as a single plate or as two or more plates. The fixture plate includes at least one mounting formation that is complimentary with at least two fixture interfaces of working machine implement mounts.

[0060] Referring now to Figure 3, the mounting arrangement 26 includes a reinforcing bracket 42 connected thereto. The reinforcing bracket 42 extends between the first and second mounting members 26a, 26b to improve the structural strength of the mounting arrangement 26 and of the portable refuelling device 10.

[0061] The first side 28 of the frame 14 includes a reinforcing frame 36. The mounting arrangement 26 is connected to, for example integrally formed with, the reinforcing frame 36, which has been found to improve the structural strength of the portable refuelling device 10.

[0062] In the illustrated embodiment, the reinforcing frame 36 includes first and second spaced apart upright frame members 38a, 38b. The first and second mounting members 26a, 26b are connected to, for example integrally formed with, the first and second upright frame members 38a, 38b, respectively. This configuration of the reinforcing frame 36 and the mounting arrangement 26 has been found to improve the structural strength of the portable refuelling device 10.

[0063] In some embodiments, the reinforcing frame 36 includes first and second spaced apart lateral frame members 40a, 40b. The first and second spaced apart lateral frame members 40a, 40b are arranged substantially perpendicular to the first and second upright frame members 38a, 38b such that they overlap or intersect. In such embodiments, the mounting arrangement 26 may be positioned at an area of intersection between said upright and lateral frame members 38a, 38b, 40a, 40b. This configuration of the reinforcing frame 36 and the mounting arrangement 26 has been found to further improve the structural strength of the device 10.

[0064] Referring now to Figure 4, the arrangement of plurality of storage tanks 16 is illustrated. The storage tanks 16 are arranged horizontally within the chamber to extend along an axis extending between opposing sides of the frame 14. The storage tanks 16 may be arranged horizontally such that the overall height of the refueller 10 is kept to a minimum whilst maximising the storage capacity. Providing the tanks 16 horizontally allows the centre of gravity to be as low as possible thereby aiding the stability of the transporting vehicle, which may be particularly useful in an off-highway scenario.

[0065] In the embodiment shown, the plurality of storage tanks 16 extend along an axis extending between opposing second 32 and third 34 sides of the frame 14. The second 32 and third 34 sides of the frame 14 extend from opposing edges of the first side 28 of the frame 14. This configuration arranges the storage tanks 16 transverse or laterally relative to the mounting arrangement 26. This arrangement of the storage tanks 16 enables the centre of gravity of the portable refuelling device 10 closer to the mounting arrangement 26, thereby aiding the stability of the transporting vehicle, which may be particularly useful in an off-highway scenario.

[0066] The storage tanks 16a-f are each provided with an associated valve for charging and discharging purposes which may be provided at the same respective end of the tanks 16a-f. In the example described herein, access to the valves and associated pipework etc is provided by removing the gas and / or electrical interface panel 58 (see Figure 2). Doing so provides relatively easy access for maintenance purposes. The valves are operable to charge or discharge the tanks 16a-f, and may be any suitable valves controllable either hydraulically, electrically, pneumatically or manually. Each of the valves may be operated independently of the other valves. The tank valves may be configured to be normally closed and switchable to be fully open. Each of the storage tanks 16a-f may include may comprise one or more sensors to monitor the status of the tanks. For example, each of the storage tanks may comprise a pressure sensor and or a temperature sensor to monitor the pressure and / or temperature of each storage tank 16a-f.

[0067] Each of the storage tanks 16a-f may include one or more thermal pressure relief device, TPRD, which is configured to open if a locally sensed temperature exceeds a predetermined threshold. Put another way, each TPRD is configured to vent the gaseous fuel when the temperature rises to beyond a predetermined value. Each tank 16a-f may have TPRD valves at each end of the tank to enable the temperature local to the front and the rear of each storage tank to be measured and the tank discharged if the pressure increases beyond the safe operating limit. In other words, TPRDs provide a thermal fuse which blows when a fire is present to prevent pressure build up in the tanks 16a-f. The TPRDs may be tank mounted or may be connected by one or more fluid lines which extend from the front (operating end) of the tank and carried on a suitable support member to the rear of the tank.

[0068] In the embodiment shown, the portable refuelling device 10 includes six storage tanks 16a-f that are arranged horizontally within the chamber, as discussed above. In the illustrated embodiment, the plurality of storage cylinder tanks 16a-f are arranged in a plurality of columns each comprising a plurality of storage cylinder tanks. The number of cylinder tanks 16a-f in each column is greater than the number of columns. This arrangement of the cylinders 16 enables the centre of gravity of the portable refuelling device 10 closer to the mounting arrangement 26, thereby aiding the stability of the transporting vehicle. In some embodiments, the plurality of storage cylinder tanks 16a-f are arranged in two columns, each column containing three storage cylinder tanks, but any suitable arrangement may be provided in alternative embodiments.

[0069] The frame 14 defines a width between the second and third opposing sides of the frame 14 and a depth between the first and third opposing sides of the frame 14. In some embodiments, the width of the frame 14 is greater than a height of the frame 14. In some embodiments, the width of the frame 14 is greater than the depth of the frame 14. In some embodiments, a height of the frame 14 is greater than the depth of the frame 14. These arrangements have been found to provide an improved centre of gravity of the portable refuelling device, which facilitates handling and transportation of the device.

[0070] In some embodiments, the storage cylinder tanks 16a-f in each column are offset relative to the adjacent column. A first column of storage cylinder tanks 16a, 16c, 16e is arranged adjacent to the first side 28 of the frame 14 and a second column of storage cylinder tanks 16b, 16d, 16f is arranged is arranged on an opposing side of the first column to the first side 28 of the frame 14. A lower extent of the first column is arranged below a lower extent of the second column, which has been found to improve the weight distribution of the refuelling device 10.

[0071] In some embodiments, each storage tank 16a-f may be provided in the form of an elongate storage cylinder tank having a longitudinal axis. The storage cylinder tanks 16 may comprise an elongate cylinder having rounded, e.g. hemispherical end caps. In such embodiments, the storage cylinder tanks 16a-f are arranged so that adjacent columns of cylinder tanks 16a-f partially overlap. The storage cylinder tanks 16a-f may be hexagonally packed. Put another way, the storage cylinder tanks 16a-f are packed so that cylinder tanks 16a-f in alternating layers are arranged in the space between two cylinder tanks 16a-f in the adjacent column. This arrangement of the cylinders 16 enables the centre of gravity of the portable refuelling device 10 closer to the mounting arrangement 26, thereby aiding the stability of the transporting vehicle, which may be particularly useful in an off-highway scenario.

[0072] The portable refuelling device 10 may include a sub-chamber 44 arranged within and sealed from the chamber. The sub-chamber 44 houses electronic components 46 so as to be sealed from the plurality of storage cylinder tank 16a-f. In embodiments where a lower extent of the first column of cylinder tanks 16a, 16c, 16e is arranged below a lower extent of the second column of cylinder tanks 16b, 16d, 16f, the sub-chamber 44 may be arranged below a lower extent of the second column of storage cylinder tanks 16b, 16d, 16f.

[0073] Referring now to Figure 5, the opposing sides of the frame 14 comprise first 48 and second 50 storage tank mounts for each of the plurality of storage tanks 16a-f to mount each storage tank to the frame 14. Where the storage tanks are provided as an elongate cylinder, there may be provided a neck portion at either end of the tank 16. The storage tanks 16 may be attached to the frame via the neck portions.

[0074] Each of the first cylinder mounts 48 includes a tapered recess 52 configured to receive a neck portion of a first end of one of the plurality of storage cylinder tanks 16a-f therein. Each of the first cylinder mounts 48 is configured to fixedly mount one of the plurality of storage cylinder tanks thereto. In some embodiments, each of the first cylinder mounts 48 includes a mounting plate of bracket 54 (see Figure 4) to fixedly mount each cylinder tank 16a-f to the respective first cylinder mounts 48.

[0075] Each of the second cylinder mounts 50 is configured to slideably mount a neck portion of a second end of a storage cylinder tank therein. This enables the tank mounting arrangements to accommodate some expansion and contraction of the cylinder tanks 16a-f. Each of the second cylinder mounts 50 includes a bearing 56 configured to slideably receive the second end of a storage cylinder tank therein. Providing the bearing aids with positioning the tank within the attachment and / or reduces the possibility of stress concentrations on the neck.

[0076] Referring now to Figures 6 and 7, a working machine 60 is illustrated. In the illustrated arrangement, the working machine 60 is a telescopic handler, but in alternative embodiments the working machine may be any off-highway vehicle or working machine, such as an excavator, a loader, a tractor or the like.

[0077] The working machine 60 includes a body 62 and a working arm 64 connected to the body 62. The working arm 64 is provided on the working machine 60 for carrying out working operations and includes an arm implement mount 66 at the distal end thereof. The arm implement mount 66 is provided for mounting a working implement, e.g. a bucket or forks (not shown), to the working arm 64.

[0078] A cab 70 from which an operator can operate the working machine 60 is provided on the body 62. The working machine 60 includes a ground engaging structure 72 for supporting the body 62. The ground engaging structure 72 is provided in the form of front and rear wheels. In the embodiment, the ground engaging structure 72 includes first and second pairs of wheels. It will be appreciated that in alternative arrangements, the ground engaging structure 72 may include of a pair of endless tracks.

[0079] The portable refuelling device 10 as discussed in relation to Figures 1 to 5 is mounted to the working implement mount 66. Put another way, the portable refuelling device 10 is mounted to the working arm 64 of the working machine 60. In the embodiment shown, a carriage 68 is mounted to the distal end of the working arm 64, and the portable refuelling device 10 is mounted to the carriage 68. In alternative embodiments, the carriage 68 may be omitted.

[0080] A method of transporting the portable refuelling device 10 will now be discussed.

[0081] The method may include providing a working machine comprising a body, a working arm connected to the body for performing work functions, said working arm comprising an implement mount arrangement. A working implement, for example a bucket or forks, is initially mounted to the implement mount.

[0082] The method may include the step of detaching the working implement from the implement mount, and then mounting the portable refuelling device 10 to the implement mount. Following this, the working machine 60 can transport the portable refuelling device 10 to a desired location to enables one or more vehicles to be refuelled. It will be appreciated that the refuelling may occur while the portable refuelling device 10 remains mounted to the working arm 64, or after the portable refuelling device 10 has been detached from the working arm 64.

[0083] The method may further comprise relocating the transporting working machine 60 to an alternative location with the portable refuelling device 10 mounted thereto. The alternative location may comprise a second refuelling location for a second end-user machine. Relocating the transporting working machine 60 may comprise off-highway and on-highway travel.

[0084] Figure 8 shows a schematic diagram of the gas storage system 74 of the present disclosure. The gas storage system 74 may be implemented in any refueler but may be particularly applicable to the refueller 10 disclosed herein.

[0085] The gas storage system 74 comprises a plurality of storage tanks 16a-f each having a tank valve 76. The tank valves 42 include ports to which a single tank line 78a-f is connected to enable flow of gaseous fuel into and out of the respective storage tank 16a-f.

[0086] The tank valve 42 may be mounted to a respective neck potion of each storage tank 16a-f. Each tank 16a-f may include one or more of a manual bleed valve 80, a thermally-activated pressure relief device, TPRD 82, a pressure sensor 84, a temperature sensor 86, a filter 88, and a tank shut-off valve 90.

[0087] Whilst the pressure sensor 84 and temperature sensor 86 are illustrated as being provided together. It will be understood that separate pressure and temperature sensors 84, 86 may be provided. In some embodiments, the pressure sensor 84 may be provided on each tank line 78a-f and the temperature sensor 86 may be provided on each tank 16a-f. In some embodiments, the temperature sensor 86 may be configured to extend into each tank 16a-f to monitor the temperature within the respective tank 16a-f.

[0088] Each tank line 78a-f includes a valve 92 to enable flow of gaseous fuel into and out of each tank 16a-f. The valve 92 may be a solenoid valve. In the illustrated embodiment, the valve 92 is bidirectional valve to enable flow into and out of each tank 16a-f via the single tank line 78a- f. In alternative embodiments, however, two tank lines may be provided for each tank 16a-f to provide separate inlet and outlet lines into and out of each tank 16a-f, respectively.

[0089] As has been described above, in the illustrated embodiment the tank 16a-f are arranged in two columns. Each column of tanks 16a-f may be provided with a vent line 94a, 94b which connects to the TPRD 82 of each tank 16a-f in the column. In alternative embodiments, all of the tanks 16a-f may connect to a single vent line, or each tank 16a-f may be connected to a separate vent line.

[0090] Each tank line 78a-f extends between the respective storage tank 16a-f and a common manifold block 96. A manifold pressure sensor 96-1 may be provided that is configured to monitor pressure in the common manifold 96. The manifold pressure sensor 96-1 may be used, either in isolation or in combination with another sensor, to determine whether a filter is clogged upstream or downstream of the manifold pressure sensor 96-1. In some embodiments, the manifold 96 may be provided with a manual bleed or purge valve 96-2 that is connected to a vent line 96-3. The manifold bleed valve 96-2 enables the manifold 96 to be purged, for example to enable repair or replacement of components without having to purge the whole gas storage system 74.

[0091] The gas fuel line includes a manifold line 96-4 extending from the manifold 96. In some embodiments, the gas storage system may be provided with a shut-off valve 98 for fluidically isolating the storage tanks 16a-f from the refuelling nozzle outlet 18 and a filling inlet nozzle 19. In such embodiments, the manifold line 96-4 extends between the manifold 96 and the shut-off valve 98. Providing the shut-off valve enables flow to and from the storage tanks to be prevented in case of an emergency. Moreover, arranging the shut-off valve on the opposite side of the manifold 96 to the storage tanks 16a-f means that only a single shut-off valve is required regardless of the number of tanks provided in the portable refueller 10.

[0092] The gas flow path includes a refuelling line 100-1 extending between the shut-off valve 98 and the refuelling outlet nozzle 18, and a filling line 100-2 extending between the filling inlet nozzle 19 and the shut-off valve 98. The filling line 100-2 and refuelling line 100-1 connect at, adjacent to the shut-off valve 98. In some embodiments, a pressure relief valve 102 may be provided at the intersection between the refuelling line 100-1 and the filling line 100-2. The pressure relief valve 102 connects to a vent line 102-1.

[0093] The gas storage system includes a controller 104 configured to control the gas storage system 74. In some embodiments, the gas storage system 74 may be provided with a communication system to receive data relating to pressure and / or temperature of a vehicle storage tank of a vehicle being refuelled (not shown) and to transmit that data to the controller 104. In some embodiments, the controller 104 may be configured to stop refuelling of the vehicle when the pressure and / or temperature of the vehicle storage tank reaches a predetermined threshold (e.g. when the or each vehicle storage tank is full). In the present embodiment, the communication system is at least partially disposed on the refuelling outlet nozzle 18. The communication system may be provided as an infrared communication system. In some embodiments, the communication system may include an infrared communicator, e.g. an infrared collar, on the refuelling outlet nozzle 18 that communicates with an inlet nozzle of the vehicle being refuelled, although any suitable wired or wireless connection may be provided in alternative embodiments, for example NFC (near field communication, Bluetooth, wi-fi or cellular communications.

[0094] The refuelling line 100-1 terminates at the refuelling outlet nozzle 18 configured to discharge a gaseous fuel for refuelling a vehicle. Upstream, for example immediately upstream, of the refuelling outlet nozzle 18 is a breakaway coupling 106. The breakaway coupling 106 is configured to break at a predetermined pressure and close internal valves (not shown) on both sides of the coupling to protect the gas storage system 74 from damage in the event of an excessive pressure surge.

[0095] In some embodiments, a pressure relief valve 108 is provided upstream of the breakaway coupling 106. The pressure relief valve 108 connects to a vent line 108-1. In other embodiments, the pressure relief valve 108 may be omitted.

[0096] The gas storage system 74 is provided with a variable valve 110 that is able to be controlled to adjust the flow rate of gaseous fuel therethrough. In the present embodiment, the variable valve 110 is arranged on the refuelling line 100-1 , but may be located at any other suitable location in alternative embodiments. The controller 104 is configured to control the variable valve 110 to control the flow rate of gaseous fuel through the gas fuel line. The controller 104 may be configured to control and adjust the variable valve 110 to control a flow rate of the gaseous fuel through the gas fuel line towards the refuelling outlet nozzle 18.

[0097] In some embodiments, the gas storage system 74 is provided with a flow restrictor 112. The flow restrictor may be configured to restrict / adjust flow of gaseous fuel to a desired level prior to reaching the refuelling outlet nozzle 18. The flow restrictor 112 thus determines the maximum permissible flow rate out of the system 74 via the refuelling outlet nozzle 18. In some embodiments, the flow restrictor may be variable so that the desired flow rate may be adjusted, and in other embodiments the flow restrictor 112 may be fixed. The flow monitoring assembly 112 is also provided with upstream and downstream pressure sensors 112-2, 112-3 configured and arranged to monitor pressure upstream and downstream of the flow restrictor 112-1. The controlling and adjusting of the variable valve 110 may be based on the pressure and / or temperature of the storage tanks 16a-f monitored by the pressure and temperature sensors 84, 86. Alternatively, or additionally, controlling and adjusting of the variable valve 110 may be based on the pressure and / or temperature of a storage tank of a vehicle being refuelled.

[0098] The controlling and adjusting of the variable valve 110 may be based on the pressure and / or temperature of the storage tanks 16a-f monitored by the pressure and temperature sensors 84, 86. Alternatively, or additionally, controlling and adjusting of the variable valve 110 may be based on the pressure and / or temperature of a storage tank of a vehicle being refuelled.

[0099] In some embodiments, the controller 104 is configured to control the flow rate of gaseous fuel based on the tank temperature of the storage tanks 16a-f. In such embodiments, the controller is configured to monitor the tank temperature and to control the flow rate to maintain the tank temperature within a predetermined temperature range. In some embodiments, the temperature range may be from -20°C to 65°C.

[0100] As discussed above, in some embodiments the gas storage system 74 includes a communication system to receive data relating to pressure and / or temperature of the vehicle storage tank. In such embodiments, the controller may be configured to monitor the temperature of the vehicle storage tank and to control the flow rate to maintain the temperature of the vehicle storage tank within a predetermined temperature range. In some embodiments, the temperature range may be from -20°C to 65°C.

[0101] In some embodiments, a filter 114 is provided upstream of the variable valve 110. However, it will be appreciated that the filter may be omitted or arranged at a different location in alternative embodiments.

[0102] The filling line 100-2 terminates at the filling nozzle inlet 19. The filling nozzle inlet 19 includes a receptacle 19-1 and a filter 19-2 to help remove particulate matter from the flow of gaseous fuel as it enters the portable refuelling device 10. The inlet 19 may also comprise a check valve 19-3 which prevents a reverse flow of gas from the tanks 16a-f when the filling nozzle (not shown) is removed. In some embodiments, the check valve may be selectively openable to allow gas to be purged from the system 74 and captured in a reverse refuelling process. Removing fuel may be done for transport or storage purposes where the tanks 16a-f are emptied of gaseous fuel and optionally filled with an inert gas such as nitrogen. In some embodiments, the check valve 19-3 may be arranged downstream of the filter 19-2.

[0103] A pressure sensor 116 may be arranged on the filling line 100-2. In the present embodiment, the pressure sensor 116 is arranged downstream, e.g. immediately downstream, of the filing nozzle inlet 19. In alternative embodiments, the pressure sensor 116 may be arranged anywhere on the filling line 100-2 or may be omitted.

[0104] In some embodiments, the filling line 100-2 may include a manual bleed valve 118 that is connected to a vent line 118-1. One or more additional filters 120 may also be provided on the filling line 100-2 in some embodiments.

[0105] Although not illustrated, it will be understood that in some embodiments the refueller may be provided with a battery configured to power the portable refuelling device 10. In such embodiments, the portable refuelling device 10 may include electrical socket (not shown) configured to charge the battery. Additionally or alternatively, the portable refuelling device 10 may be provided with one or more solar panels to charge the battery. In alternative embodiments, the portable refuelling device 10 may not be provided with a battery and instead be provided with an electrical connector, e.g. a socket, such that the portable refuelling device can be connected to a source of electrical power.

[0106] The one or more embodiments are described above by way of example only and it will be appreciated that the variations are possible without departing from the scope of protection afforded by the appended claims.

Claims

Claims1 . A portable refuelling device for refuelling a vehicle having at least one vehicle storage tank for storing a gaseous fuel, the device comprising: a body defining an internal chamber; a refuelling outlet nozzle configured to discharge a gaseous fuel for refuelling a vehicle; a gas storage system comprising at least one storage tank for storing a gaseous fuel, optionally hydrogen, and a gas fuel line fluidly connecting the tank valve to the refuelling outlet nozzle; and a controller configured to control the gas storage system, wherein the controller is configured to control a flow rate of the gaseous fuel through the gas fuel line towards the refuelling outlet nozzle based on a pressure and / or temperature of the at least one storage tank and / or the vehicle storage tank.

2. The portable refuelling device according to claim 1 , wherein the gas storage system comprises a tank temperature sensor configured to monitor a tank temperature of the at least one storage tank, and wherein the controller is configured to control the flow rate based on the tank temperature.

3. The portable refuelling device according to claim 2, wherein the controller is configured to monitor the tank temperature and to control the flow rate to maintain the tank temperature within a predetermined temperature range, optionally in the range -20°C to 65°C.

4. The portable refuelling device according to any preceding claim, wherein the gas storage system comprises a variable valve, and wherein the controller is configured to control the variable valve to control the flow rate.

5. The portable refuelling device according to any preceding claim, wherein the gas storage system comprises a flow monitoring assembly configured to monitor flow of the gaseous fuel through the gas fuel line, and wherein the controller is configured to control the variable valve to control the flow rate based on the monitored flow of gaseous fuel.

6. The portable refuelling device according to claim 5, comprising a flow restrictor configured to restrict a flow rate of gaseous fuel.

7. The portable refuelling device according to any preceding claim, wherein the at least one storage tank comprises a non-metallic body, optionally wherein the tank body is formed from a plastics material and / or a composite material.

8. The portable refuelling device according to claim 7, wherein the non-metallic body is encased in a carbon fibre cover.

9. The portable refuelling device according to any preceding claim, comprising a communication system to receive data relating to pressure and / or temperature of the vehicle storage tank, and wherein the controller is configured to control the flow rate based on the pressure and / or temperature of the vehicle storage tank.

10. The portable refuelling device according to claim 9, wherein the communication system is at least partially disposed on the refuelling outlet nozzle.

11. The portable refuelling device according to claim 9 or claim 10, wherein the controller is configured to monitor the temperature of the vehicle storage tank and to control the flow rate to maintain the temperature of the vehicle storage tank within a predetermined temperature range, optionally in the range -20°C to 65°C.

12. The portable refuelling device according to any one of claims 9 to 11 , wherein the controller is configured to stop refuelling of the vehicle when the pressure and / or temperature of the vehicle storage tank reaches a predetermined threshold.

13. The portable refuelling device according to any preceding claim, comprising a battery configured to power the portable refuelling device, optionally wherein the portable refuelling device comprises at least one solar panel and / or an electrical socket configured to charge the battery.

14. The portable refuelling device according to any preceding claim, comprising a plurality of storage tanks, and wherein the gas fuel line comprises a single tank line extending between each storage tank and a common manifold block.

15. The portable refuelling device according to claim 14, wherein each tank line comprising a bidirectional valve.

16. The portable refuelling device according to claim 14 or claim 15, wherein the gas storage system comprises a manifold pressure sensor configured to monitor pressure in the common manifold.

17. The portable refuelling device according to any one of claims 14 to 16, wherein the gas storage system comprises a shut-off valve for fluidically isolating the at least one storage tank from the refuelling nozzle and a filling inlet, and wherein the gas fuel line comprises a manifold line extending between the manifold and the shut-off valve.

18. The portable refuelling device according to preceding claim, comprising a mounting arrangement provided on a first side of the frame, wherein the mounting arrangement is configured to mount the portable refuelling device to an arm of a working machine.

19. The portable refuelling device according to preceding claim, wherein the at least one storage tank is arranged within the chamber to extend along a substantially horizontal axis.

20. The portable refuelling device according to preceding claim, wherein each storage tanks is a storage cylinder tank, and wherein the plurality of storage cylinder tanks are hexagonally packed.

21. The portable refuelling device according to any preceding claim, wherein the plurality of storage tanks are arranged in a plurality of columns each comprising a plurality of storage tanks, and wherein the number of storage tanks in each column is greater than the number of columns.

22. The portable refuelling device according to claim 21 , comprising exactly two columns, each column comprising exactly three storage tanks.

23. The portable refuelling device according to claim 21 or claim 22, wherein each column of storage tanks is provided with a vent line.

24. The portable refuelling device according to any preceding claim, wherein the body comprises a side wall comprising an access panel, and wherein the refuelling outlet nozzle is arranged behind the access panel.

25. A working machine comprising: a body; a working arm connected to the body for performing work functions, said working arm comprising an implement mount; and a portable refuelling device according to any preceding claim mounted to the implement mount.

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