Composition for controlling wood pests and use thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to a composition for controlling wood pests and a use thereof. Specifically, the composition of the present invention comprises dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) and carbon dioxide (CO2) as active ingredients in order to control pests present or occurring on wood. The composition of the present invention replaces methyl bromide to minimize environmental pollution, ensures uniform diffusion of the composition, and has excellent control efficiency.

Description

Composition for controlling wood pests and its use

[0001] The present invention relates to a composition for controlling wood pests and its use, and particularly to a composition having an excellent control effect against pests existing or occurring in wood, such as scutellariae, termites and wood beetles.

[0002] Pest control methods include chemical, physical, and biological methods. Among these, chemical control involves exterminating pests through the application of chemical agents. Fumigants, volatile agents used to eliminate pests, are commonly used as chemical agents. Fumigants possess insecticidal and sterilizing properties, making them widely used in agriculture and quarantine applications. Their ability to easily penetrate wood makes them particularly useful for controlling wood pests.

[0003] Methyl bromide is a commonly used fumigant for quarantine purposes on imported and exported plants. Methyl bromide kills pests in a short period of time and leaves minimal residue, making it widely used as a wood disinfectant.

[0004] However, methyl bromide is known to be highly toxic and can destroy the stratospheric ozone layer. Its use is restricted internationally due to its designation as an ozone-depleting substance under the Montreal Protocol. Furthermore, compared to other fumigants, methyl bromide has a lower ability to penetrate wood deeply, making it difficult to control pests present or occurring in wood. Therefore, the development of an alternative fumigant is urgently needed.

[0005] [Prior Art Literature]

[0006] [Patent Document]

[0007] Korean Patent Publication No. 2022-0050223

[0008] Accordingly, the present invention aims to provide a composition having an excellent control effect against wood pests while minimizing environmental pollution by replacing methyl bromide.

[0009] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a composition containing DMDS (dimethyl disulfide) and carbon dioxide (CO2) as active ingredients for controlling pests existing or occurring in wood.

[0010] The present invention also provides a pest control method comprising the step of applying the composition to wood.

[0011] The present invention also provides a use for controlling pests present or occurring in wood of the composition.

[0012] The composition of the present invention has the effect of ensuring uniform diffusion of the composition and having excellent control efficiency while minimizing environmental pollution by replacing methyl bromide.

[0013] In addition, the present invention allows pest control workers to stably use the composition of the present invention when performing pest control work on wood (e.g., wood quarantine work).

[0014] Figure 1 shows the LCT calculated from the gas concentration inside the desiccator to determine the mortality rate of the 24-hour DMDS treatment to the pupae of the Pleurotus eryngii. 99 It represents.

[0015] Figure 2 shows the LC calculation of the lethality of DMDS administered to the pupae of the Pleurotus eryngii for 24 hours at different doses, calculated from the gas concentration inside the desiccator. 99 It represents.

[0016] Figure 3 shows the mortality rate of the scorpionfish according to DMDS mixing treatment (DMDS+CO2, DMDS+N2) in a medium-sized fumigation chamber with wood volume ratio applied.

[0017] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. Generally, the nomenclature used herein is well known and commonly used in the art.

[0018] In one aspect, the present invention relates to a composition comprising dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) and carbon dioxide (CO2) as active ingredients for controlling pests existing or occurring in wood.

[0019] The composition of the present invention may be a fumigant containing dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) and carbon dioxide (CO2) as active ingredients.

[0020] In the present invention, a fumigant is a concept including an insecticide composition that controls pests, etc. by dispersing an active ingredient into the atmosphere in various ways, and fumigation refers to controlling pests using such a dispersed insecticide composition, and control refers to an action that exhibits at least one effect selected from the group consisting of prevention, control, repellence, and extermination of pests.

[0021] In the present invention, the term "insecticidal effect" or "control effect" refers to an active effect and efficacy against pests, which kills or controls pests and protects wood from pests. The efficacy of such a fumigant can be expressed as a concentration-time product. For example, LC 99 refers to the dose at which the lethal concentration of the population to which the fumigant is applied is 99%, and generally, the higher the temperature at which the fumigant is used, the lower the dose required to obtain the intended effect.

[0022] In the present invention, DMDS (dimethyl disulfide) is an active ingredient included in the composition of the present invention, is an organic compound with the molecular formula CH3SSCH3, and is a volatile agent used to control pests. According to the Material Safety Data Sheet (version 1.3), the boiling point of DMDS is 110°C, the upper explosion limit is 16.1% (volume), and the lower explosion limit is 1.1% (volume).

[0023] In the present invention, the minimum dosage of DMDS means the minimum dosage of DMDS included in the composition of the present invention to be treated so as to exhibit an active effect against pests at a specific temperature. Specifically, the minimum dosage of DMDS at low temperatures such as winter, for example, below 5°C, below 4°C, below 3°C, below 2°C, or below 1°C, is approximately 180 g / m. 3 It could be.

[0024] Meanwhile, in the present invention, the minimum amount of DMDS at a temperature reflecting the seasons other than winter, for example, 10°C or higher, 11°C or higher, 12°C or higher, 13°C or higher, 14°C or higher, or 15°C or higher, is approximately 90 g / m. 3 It could be.

[0025] In the present invention, carbon dioxide (CO2) is another effective ingredient included in the composition. Carbon dioxide (CO2) acts as a carrier gas to ensure the uniform diffusion of DMDS, while also opening the pores of pests to enhance the penetration of DMDS, thereby enhancing the pest control effect. Accordingly, compared to using DMDS alone, the dosage of DMDS can be reduced and the control time shortened, thereby enhancing the efficiency and economic feasibility of pest control operations.

[0026] Additionally, carbon dioxide can increase the safety of control operations by reducing the flammability of DMDS itself.

[0027] In the present invention, the concentration of carbon dioxide may be set in consideration of the explosion limit of DMDS, the minimum dosage of DMDS according to temperature, the purity of DMDS, commerciality, and convenience of pest control operations. Specifically, the concentration of carbon dioxide may be approximately 0.4% (w / w) or more and 83.9% (w / w) or less, and is not particularly limited as long as it is a concentration within the above range that exhibits a pest control effect. More specifically, the concentration of carbon dioxide may be about 10%(w / w) or more and 83.9%(w / w) or less, 20%(w / w) or more and 83.9%(w / w) or less, 30%(w / w) or more and 83.9%(w / w) or less, 40%(w / w) or more and 83.9%(w / w) or less, or 50%(w / w) or more and 83.9%(w / w) or less, for example, about 0.4%(w / w), 1%(w / w), 10%(w / w), 20%(w / w), 30%(w / w), 40%(w / w), 50%(w / w), 60%(w / w), 70%(w / w), 80%(w / w) or 83.9%(w / w).

[0028] The composition of the present invention may additionally include a carrier gas other than carbon dioxide. For example, nitrogen (N2), helium (He), etc. may be used together with carbon dioxide as a carrier gas, and any gas known in the art may be selected and used as long as it does not deviate from the purpose of the present invention.

[0029] DMDS and carbon dioxide, which are the active ingredients of the composition of the present invention, can be included in the fumigant in the form of a liquid, gas, or a mixture thereof.

[0030] The composition of the present invention may include various commonly used auxiliary agents such as a spreading agent, a thickener, an anti-settling agent, a dispersion stabilizer, a fluidity improver, and an anti-foaming agent, and any auxiliary agent known in the art may be selected and used as long as it does not deviate from the purpose of the present invention.

[0031] The composition of the present invention includes cases where the two active ingredients, DMDS and carbon dioxide, are applied to wood and both active ingredients participate in a method of controlling pests in a fumigated state, and the two active ingredients do not necessarily need to be used as a single physical mixture, but are applied to wood individually, simultaneously, or sequentially.

[0032] From another aspect, the present invention may be a method for controlling pests, which includes a step of individually or simultaneously applying two effective ingredients of dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) and carbon dioxide (CO2) to wood or sequentially.

[0033] In another aspect, the present invention relates to a method for controlling pests, comprising the step of applying the composition to wood.

[0034] In the present invention, the pest to be controlled is a pest, and the pest refers to an animal pest that damages wood. The pest exists or occurs inside or outside the wood and causes damage to the wood. The pest includes insects, mites, and nematodes, and is preferably an insect. Specifically, the pest may be at least one selected from the group consisting of Cerambycidae, Rhinotermitidae, and Scolytidae, but is not limited thereto.

[0035] More specifically, the pest may be at least one selected from the group consisting of pine beetle (Monochamus alternatus), northern beetle (Monochamus saltuarius), arborvitae beetle (Semanotus bifasciatus), oak beetle (Mallambyx raddei), and juniper beetle (Semanotus bifasciatus).

[0036] Additionally, the pest may be at least one selected from the group consisting of Japanese termite subspecies (Reticulitermes speratus kushuensis), Kanmon termite (Reticulitermes kanmonensis), and Glyptotermes nakajimai.

[0037] In addition, the pest may be at least one selected from the group consisting of Lyctus brunneus, Platypus koryoensis, Cryphalus fulvus, Xyleborus mutilatus (Scolytidae), Xyleborus ebriosus, and Xylosandrus germanus.

[0038] Meanwhile, the method of the present invention can control at least one of the life stages selected from eggs, larvae, pupae and adults of pests, and control means at least one selected from the group consisting of prevention, control, avoidance and extermination.

[0039] In the present invention, the fumigant to which the composition is applied is wood, and the volume ratio refers to the volume ratio occupied by the wood as the fumigant in the fumigation bed. Specifically, the volume ratio of the wood may be approximately 30% (v / v) or more, for example, approximately 30% (v / v) or more or 70% (v / v) or less.

[0040] In one aspect of the present invention, the present invention relates to the use of the composition for controlling pests present or occurring in wood.

[0041] From another aspect, the present invention relates to the use of a composition comprising dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) and carbon dioxide (CO2) as active ingredients for controlling pests existing or occurring in wood.

[0042] Any description that overlaps with the composition of the present invention described above is omitted.

[0043] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail through examples. These examples are intended solely to illustrate the present invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the scope of the present invention is not limited by these examples.

[0044]

[0045] Example

[0046] Example 1. Evaluation of DMDS activity against major pests

[0047] (1) Method

[0048] To evaluate the susceptibility to major pests that damage wood, such as Sky Beetles, Termites, and Wood Beetles, Sky Beetles were purchased from Osangkin Sect Co., Ltd. in the form of eggs, larvae, pupae, and adults and used in the test. Termites and Wood Beetles were collected from a mountain in Gangdong-myeon, Gyeongju, Gyeongsangbuk-do and used in the test in a mixed form (a state in which eggs, larvae, and adults are mixed).

[0049] After placing the target pests in a 6.0 L desiccator, it was sealed, and DMDS was injected into the sealed desiccator through the upper inlet at concentrations of 0.35, 0.7, 1.8, 3.5, 7.0, and 15.0 g / m 3 The injection volume was 0.0%. The wood volume ratio inside the desiccator was 0.0%, and the treatment time was 24 hours. The temperature was maintained at 15±1℃ during the treatment period.

[0050] After 24 hours of treatment, the desiccator was opened and the pests were transferred to a Petri Dish for insect rearing, and the temperature was maintained at 25±1℃, 16(L):8(D) hours, and the relative humidity was 60-80%. The larvae and adults were counted on the first day after opening, and the eggs and pupae were counted on the 14th day after treatment when the hatching and emergence rates of the untreated group were 90%, to evaluate the activity.

[0051] (2) Results

[0052] The results of DMDS activity evaluation against major wood pests are shown in Table 1. For termites, 1.8 g / m 3 In the above treatment group, the mortality rate was 100.0%, and in the case of pine beetle, it was 7.0 g / m 3 In the above treatment group, the mortality rate was 100.0%. Meanwhile, in the case of the pine beetle, adults, larvae, and pupae were 15.0 g / m 3 showed a mortality rate of 100.0% in the eggs at 7.0 g / m 3 It showed a mortality rate of 100.0%.

[0053] The susceptibility to DMDS was in the order of termites, pine beetles, and pine beetles, with termites showing high susceptibility and pine beetles showing low susceptibility. The susceptibility of pine beetles by stage was in the order of eggs, adults, larvae, and pupae, with eggs showing high susceptibility and pupae showing low susceptibility (see Table 1).

[0054] [Table 1]

[0055]

[0056] Example 2. Evaluation of the lethal concentration of DMDS on the snails

[0057] (1) DMDS concentration analysis

[0058] To evaluate the dose response of DMDS on the Pleurotus eryngii, the pupae, which are the least sensitive form (in other words, the most difficult to control), were purchased from Osangkin Sect Co., Ltd. More than 25 Pleurotus eryngii pupae were placed in a 6.0 L desiccator, and the evaluation was repeated twice for each dose. DMDS was injected into the upper inlet of the desiccator at concentrations of 5.0, 10.0, 15.0, 20.0, and 30.0 g / m 3 The injection volume was 0.0%. The wood volume ratio inside the desiccator was 0.0%. The treatment time was 24 hours, and the temperature was maintained at 15±1℃ during the treatment period.

[0059] To analyze DMDS content within the desiccator during the treatment period, samples were collected from the upper inlet. Air samples of 100 ml were collected using a microsyringe at treatment doses of 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h, and the concentrations were analyzed using an Agilent GC-7890A gas chromatograph (GC). The gas chromatography conditions are shown in Table 2.

[0060] [Table 2]

[0061]

[0062] Specifically, 500 mL of sample was transferred to a 1 L Tedlar bag using a 1MR-V-GT syringe from SGE Syringe in the front injector, and 100 μL each was injected into the gas chromatograph at least three times. A capillary S / SL inlet with EPC - 100 psi was used as the inlet, and the heater was set to 250℃, pressure 8 psi, total flow 132.09 mL / min, and septum purge flow 3 mL / min. Agilent Technologies 125-101J DB-1 15.0 m × 530 ㎛ × 1.0 ㎛ column was used. A flame ionization detector (FID) was used as the detector for DMDS analysis. The gas chromatography temperature was set to oven 80℃, injector 250℃, and detector 250℃, and nitrogen was used as the carrier gas. The flow rates of each gas were set to 35 mL / min (H2), 350 mL / min (air), and 25 mL / min (N2). After checking the generated chromatogram results to see if the peak heights matched the concentrations and if the heights were uniform for each concentration replicate, the average value calculated was substituted into the regression equation of the linear graph (calibration curve) of the standard gas analyzed in advance to calculate the concentration of DMDS.

[0063]

[0064] (2) Method for calculating Ct (Concentration-time product)

[0065] In the case of fumigants, the degree of absorption and penetration into the fumigated material varies depending on the temperature and humidity inside the fumigation chamber when treating the agent, and the drug effect is proportional to the gas concentration and treatment time. Therefore, to determine the DMDS concentration within the fumigation chamber, the gas concentration was converted into a concentration-time product. Ct was calculated according to the formula below.

[0066]

[0067] The measurement time (after fumigation) according to the fumigation time (hr) was based on 7 investigations during 24 hours of treatment according to the 2023 Animal and Plant Quarantine Disinfection Treatment Regulations of the National Institute of Animal Quarantine.

[0068]

[0069] (3) Confirmation of the concentration of DMDS that kills the snails

[0070] After 24 hours of treatment, the desiccator was opened and the pests were transferred to insect rearing petri dishes, and the survival rate was investigated on the 14th day when more than 90% of the pupae in the untreated group emerged while maintaining 24±1℃, 16(L):8(D) hours, and 60-80% relative humidity. The control effect according to the fumigation treatment concentration of the Pine-bearing Longhorn Beetle pupae was calculated using the probit model of the SAS program (https: / www.sas.com / ko_kr / home.html, accessed 2021.12) to calculate the lethal concentration.

[0071] LCT calculated by calculating the lethality of DMDS administered to the pupae of the Korean pine beetle by dose, based on the gas concentration inside the desiccator. 99 and LC 99 are 262.51 gh / m respectively 3 and 22.43 g / m 3 was confirmed (see Figs. 1 and 2).

[0072]

[0073] Example 3. Confirmation of mortality rate of the common scorpion according to DMDS mixing treatment (DMDS+CO2, DMDS+N2) in a medium-scale fumigation chamber with applied volume ratio.

[0074] (1) Method

[0075] LCT of DMDS for the sky snail according to Example 2 99 This is data from a small-scale fumigation room where the volume ratio is not applied, and when the wood volume ratio is applied, most of the DMDS in the air is absorbed into the wood, so the concentration of DMDS in the space gradually decreases. Therefore, when the volume ratio is applied, the LCT where the wood volume ratio is not applied 99 It requires more processing power. Therefore, 0.5m 3 The purpose of this study was to confirm the synergistic insecticidal effect of DMDS mixed treatment (i.e., DMDS+CO2 and DMDS+N2) on the fumigation of .

[0076] At this time, the wood volume ratio inside the fumigation chamber was set to 40% (v / v) or more, and the size of the wood pile was made to be 0.75 m wide, 1.5 m long, and 0.6 m high. In order to reflect the characteristic of the pine beetle, which damages wood by digging holes inside the wood, a hole with a diameter of 2 cm and a depth of 5 cm was made in the wood, a pine beetle pupa was placed in it, and the hole was blocked with a plastic cap with a 5 mm diameter hole, and then the 5 mm hole was blocked again using sawdust to reproduce outdoor conditions.

[0077] 99.55% DMDS 90 g / m on a wood-standing fumigation bed 3 After dispensing, seal it and induce vaporization to CO2450 g / m 3 was injected based on weight using an electronic scale, and N2 was injected in the same way and at the same time as CO2 (corresponding to DMDS+CO2 mixed treatment and DMDS+N2 mixed treatment, respectively). The drug treatment time was 24 hours, and the temperature was maintained at 3℃ during the treatment period.

[0078]

[0079] (2) Results

[0080] After 24 hours of treatment, the survival rate was investigated on the 10th day when more than 90% of the pupae in the untreated group emerged, and the lethal effects of DMDS+CO2 and DMDS+N2 mixture treatments on the larvae were shown in Figure 3.

[0081] In the DMDS+CO2 mixing treatment and DMDS+N2 mixing treatment, it was confirmed that both CO2 and N2 could be used as carrier gases mixed with DMDS, and in particular, it was confirmed that CO2 significantly increased the activity of DMDS (see Fig. 3).

[0082]

[0083] Example 4. Confirmation of the cumulative concentration and mortality rate of the scorpionfish according to DMDS alone and DMDS + CO2 mixed treatment.

[0084] In order to confirm the control effect according to the DMDS treatment amount and temperature in the DMDS+CO2 mixture treatment, the wood volume ratio inside the fumigation chamber was set to 33.9% (v / v), a hole with a diameter of 2 cm and a depth of 5 cm was made in the wood, and the northern bearded dragonfly pupae were placed in it. The hole was then blocked with a plastic cap with a 5 mm diameter hole, and then the 5 mm hole was blocked with sawdust to reproduce outdoor conditions.

[0085] 99.55% DMDS 180 g / m on a wood-standing fumigation bed 3 or 224.3 g / m 3 Injected alone (DMDS alone treatment) or 99.55% DMDS 180 g / m 3 or 224.3 g / m 3 After dispensing, sealing, and inducing vaporization, CO2 50% (w / w) was injected in the same manner as in Example 3 (DMDS + CO2 mixing treatment). The drug treatment time was 24 hours, and the temperature was maintained at 3℃ during the treatment period.

[0086] During the treatment period, samples were collected from the upper and lower parts of the fumigation bed at 0.25, 1, 2, 4, 6, 12, and 24 hours to determine the accumulated concentration for each dose. On the 10th day, when more than 90% of the pupae in the untreated group had emerged, the survival rate was examined to evaluate the mortality rate. The results are shown in Tables 3 and 4, respectively.

[0087] Treatment amount 180 g / m 3 , 224.3 g / m 3 When DMDS was treated alone, the mortality rate was 80% or 90%, respectively, but did not reach 100%, whereas when DMDS+CO2 was mixed, the mortality rate was 100%.

[0088] [Table 3]

[0089]

[0090] [Table 4]

[0091]

[0092] Example 5. Confirmation of control effect according to DMDS treatment dose and temperature (1)

[0093] The control effect of DMDS+CO2 mixed treatment was confirmed by changing the DMDS treatment amount and temperature conditions under the conditions according to Example 4. 99.55% DMDS 89.72 g / m 3 , 135.58 g / m 3 or 179.44 g / m 3 After dispensing, sealing, and inducing vaporization, CO2 50% (w / w) was injected in the same manner as in Example 3 (DMDS + CO2 mixing treatment). The drug treatment time was 24 hours, and the temperature was maintained at 10℃ during the treatment period.

[0094] During the treatment period, samples were collected from the upper and lower parts of the fumigation area at 0.25, 1, 2, 4, 6, 12, and 24 hours to confirm the accumulated concentration for each dose of the drug. On the 10th day, when more than 90% of the pupae in the untreated group emerged, the survival rate was examined to evaluate the mortality rate, and the results are shown in Table 5.

[0095] Specifically, the left side of Table 5 shows the cumulative concentration and lethality according to the treatment dose under the temperature conditions (3°C) according to Example 4, and the right side of Table 5 shows the cumulative concentration and lethality according to the treatment dose under the temperature conditions (10°C) according to Example 5.

[0096] [Table 5]

[0097]

[0098] The minimum treatment dose of DMDS when mixed with DMDS+CO2, which shows 100% lethal activity at 3℃, is 179.43 g / m 3 The minimum treatment dose of DMDS when mixed with DMDS+CO2, which showed 100% lethal activity at 10℃, was 89.72 g / m 3 It was confirmed that.

[0099]

[0100] Example 6. Confirmation of control effect according to DMDS treatment dose and temperature (2)

[0101] The control effect of DMDS+CO2 mixed treatment on the pine needle beetle was confirmed by varying the DMDS treatment dose and temperature conditions under the conditions according to Example 4. 99.55% DMDS 22.43 g / m 3 , 44.86 g / m 3 , 67.29 g / m 3 or 89.72 g / m 3 After dispensing, sealing, and inducing vaporization, CO2 50% (w / w) was injected in the same manner as in Example 3 (DMDS + CO2 mixed treatment). The treatment time was 24 hours, and the temperature was maintained at 15℃ during the treatment period.

[0102] During the treatment period, samples were collected from the upper and lower parts of the fumigation bed at 0.25, 1, 2, 4, 6, 12, and 24 hours to confirm the accumulated concentration for each dose. On the 10th day, when more than 90% of the pupae in the untreated group had emerged, the survival rate was examined to evaluate the mortality rate, and the results are shown in Tables 6 and 7, respectively.

[0103] [Table 6]

[0104]

[0105] [Table 7]

[0106]

[0107] The minimum treatment dose of DMDS when mixed with DMDS+CO2 at 15℃, which shows 100% lethal activity, is 89.72 g / m 3 It was confirmed that.

Claims

1. A composition containing DMDS (dimethyl disulfide) and carbon dioxide (CO2) as active ingredients for controlling pests existing or occurring in wood.

2. A composition in paragraph 1, wherein the concentration of carbon dioxide is 0.4% (w / w) or more and 83.9% (w / w) or less.

3. In paragraph 1, a composition in which the concentration of carbon dioxide is 10% (w / w) or more and 83.9% (w / w) or less, 20% (w / w) or more and 83.9% (w / w) or less, 30% (w / w) or more and 83.9% (w / w) or less, 40% (w / w) or more and 83.9% (w / w) or less, or 50% (w / w) or more and 83.9% (w / w) or less.

4. In the first paragraph, the minimum amount of DMDS at a temperature of 5℃ or lower is 180 g / m 3 In composition.

5. In the first paragraph, the minimum amount of DMDS at a temperature of 10℃ or higher is 90 g / m 3 In composition.

6. A pest control method comprising a step of applying a composition of any one of claims 1 to 5 to wood.

7. In paragraph 6, the method is at least one selected from the group consisting of prevention, control, avoidance, and extermination.

8. A method according to paragraph 6, wherein the volume ratio of wood to which the composition is applied is 30% (v / v) or more.

9. A method according to paragraph 6, wherein the pest is at least one selected from the group consisting of Cerambycidae, Rhinotermitidae, and Scolytidae.

10. A method for controlling at least one of the life stages selected from eggs, larvae, pupae and adults of pests in paragraph 6.

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