Harness system and assembly

Abstract

The invention relates to a harness system (100) for securing at least one person (300) standing in the interior (201) of an emergency vehicle (200), comprising: a harness unit (1), which can be fastened in the interior (201) of the vehicle (200), for transmitting forces between the person (300) and the emergency vehicle (200), said harness unit (1) having at least one harness strap (2) for receiving and for securing the person (300). The harness unit (1) has at least one sheet-like structure (3) in which the person can be restrained, wherein the sheet-like structure (3) comprises at least two locking points (5), each locking point having a fastening element (4), for stretching the sheet-like structure (3) through the interior (201) of the emergency vehicle (200), and the at least one harness strap (2) is connected to the sheet-like structure (3). The invention further relates to an assembly consisting of a harness system (100) and an emergency vehicle (200).

Description

Holding system, arrangement

[0001] The invention relates to a holding system for securing at least one person standing in an interior of an emergency vehicle in an emergency vehicle with a holding unit.

[0002] A space-saving person restraint system which can be quickly put into operation is presented, which specifically takes into account the safety needs of persons who have to carry out an activity, in particular a job-specific activity, while standing in an emergency vehicle, such as an ambulance, a helicopter or a boat, or in general in a land vehicle, aircraft or watercraft.

[0003] Restraint systems in emergency vehicles are generally designed to secure rescued persons, who in the majority of cases are transported lying down on a suitable stretcher and, if necessary, treated during transport. Sitting transports can also be carried out in some cases. Restraint systems also exist for infants or premature babies in incubators. Common to all known systems is that they are designed to secure the person being transported in order to best absorb the forces acting on the patient during sudden braking or an accident. In addition, a variety of occupant restraint systems have become known.

[0004] DE 39 04 668 discloses an occupant restraint system with a controllable belt clamping device on the belt buckle, an airbag, and a controllable belt retraction lock for the shoulder belt, which are controlled by a sensor emitting at least three different threshold signals. The restraint system is designed for seated occupants in vehicles.

[0005] DE 42 17 172 A1 also discloses a restraint system for seated occupants of a motor vehicle who are secured by a safety belt and an airbag, wherein the airbag is pressurized with higher or lower pressure by means of a sensor-controlled gas generator depending on whether the belt is opened or closed.

[0006] DE 43 33 420 A1 discloses a folding bench seat in a motorhome, camper van, or similar vehicle that folds out into a bed and features an integrated three-point restraint system for the driver and front passenger. This also concerns the safety of seated passengers.

[0007] DE 43 40 937 A1 discloses a restraint system for a wheelchair transportable in a motor vehicle, comprising a restraint device with a lap belt for a person seated in the wheelchair. A pelvic cushion is integrated into the restraint system between the armrests of the wheelchair to prevent the upper body from collapsing. This document also addresses only the safety of a seated person in a motor vehicle.

[0008] DE 94 18 273 U 1 discloses a three-point seat belt suitable for both adults and children, with a device that prevents the belt from slipping off the anchor point located at the top edge of the seat, which can be adjusted lower for children. The invention relates to the safety of seated occupants in motor vehicles.

[0009] DE 100 58 346 A1 discloses a stretcher with a patient support system for lying persons, on which the lying person is secured by shoulder straps and cross straps, wherein the shoulder straps and a support device are designed to be lower It can be adjusted to the body size of children. Such stretchers are secured in emergency vehicles, such as ambulances, for transport purposes. This publication also focuses on the safety of the person lying down and being rescued.

[0010] DE 10 2019 112275 A1 discloses an occupant restraint system for a wheelchair user in a vehicle, comprising a pivoting support connected to the vehicle structure and a restraint bar pivotally connected to the pivoting support, which is designed to pivot between a stowed position above a wheelchair / occupant receiving area in the vehicle and a deployed position located in front of a wheelchair / occupant when positioned in the wheelchair / occupant receiving area in the vehicle and having an occupant restraint belt connected to the restraint bar. This document also solves a problem concerning the safety of seated persons.

[0011] EP 0 000 020 691 64 B1 discloses a vehicle seat with slidably arranged belt buckles that allow two or three people to be strapped into the seat. Here, too, only the safety of seated vehicle occupants is addressed.

[0012] DE 10 2012 100 559 A1 discloses a patient restraint system specifically designed for transporting small children or infants in a lying position. In this system, a transport incubator is surrounded by a plurality of restraint blocks. This publication also addresses the safety of the person being transported in a lying position.

[0013] The problem is that for the patient’s companions, who carry out the care while standing while the patient is moving, Emergency vehicles require a handrail to hold on to and support themselves. This poses a significant risk of injury to the person providing treatment or care. Furthermore, important emergency measures, such as inserting a tube for artificial respiration, cannot be performed safely while the vehicle is in motion. This means that valuable time is lost during the transport of the patient to a hospital, during which patient care or treatment cannot be guaranteed.

[0014] Against this background, the task arises of providing a restraint system that takes into account the specific situation of the upright, treating, or caring person in an emergency vehicle and adequately reduces the risk of injury for this group of people. It must be ensured that the person secured with the system remains largely unimpaired in their freedom of movement with regard to providing care to the person being transported.

[0015] This object is achieved by means of a holding system according to claim 1 and an arrangement according to claim 18, with advantageous embodiments emerging from the respective subclaims. Further advantages and features emerge from the general description and the description of the exemplary embodiments.

[0016] The holding system according to the invention, in particular a restraint system, for securing a person standing in the interior of an emergency vehicle, comprises a holding unit which can be fastened in the interior of the emergency vehicle for transmitting forces between the person and the emergency vehicle, wherein the holding unit in particular has at least one retaining belt for receiving and securing the person. The holding unit comprises at least one sheet-like structure for catching the standing person, wherein the sheet-like structure comprises at least two locking points, each of which has a fastening element, for tensioning the sheet-like structure in and / or through the interior of the emergency vehicle. Advantageously, the at least one retaining strap is connected to the sheet-like structure.

[0017] A sheet-like structure within the meaning of this application is a structure, in particular a substantially two-dimensional structure. The structure is advantageously flat, and an extension transverse to a surface of the structure is, in particular negligibly small, in relation to the flat extension. The sheet-like structure can advantageously be rigid or flexible. The stretched sheet-like structure advantageously enables forces to be dissipated in all six spatial directions between the person and the vehicle, in particular through the retaining belt. Furthermore, force pairs acting in opposite directions, in particular torques, can advantageously be dissipated through the sheet-like structure. The sheet-like structure is advantageously designed such that it can be stretched through at least one, in particular substantial, part of the interior of the emergency vehicle.In particular, the sheet-like structure is designed to be freely stretched through the interior of the emergency vehicle, so that a catch surface for catching the person is formed by the sheet-like structure. Advantageously, the sheet-like structure is designed to completely and directly divert the forces transmitted between the person and the holding unit in the stretched state via the locking points with the fastening means, in particular into the vehicle body. The In its intended use, the sheet-like structure essentially does not extend over the surface of a seat, a backrest, or other fixtures in the emergency vehicle for the indirect dissipation of forces via these fixtures. The sheet-like structure is preferably designed such that, in the stretched-out state, it extends over at least a substantial portion of a surface, in particular a projection surface of a person's body, so that the person can be caught in the sheet-like structure, for example during an emergency stop of the emergency vehicle or other maneuvers through which forces must be transferred between the person and the emergency vehicle. The sheet-like structure is advantageously designed such that force couples that cause torques on the person can be effectively prevented.Preferably, the sheet-like structure is not designed as a single, in particular narrow, strap, belt or the like, such as a holding strap, a guy belt, a safety belt or the like.

[0018] The invention has many advantages. A significant advantage of the invention is that it enables effective securing of a standing person, such as an emergency doctor or a member of the rescue service or the like, who is caring for and treating a patient during a journey, for example from the scene of an accident to the hospital. The invention advantageously enables the person to stand safely during the journey. Another advantage is that the person is secured and has both hands free to care for the patient. This significantly reduces the risk of injury to the person providing treatment or care. Furthermore, a person providing treatment or care who is secured by the holding system according to the invention can concentrate on the patient and their treatment and care. This advantageously improves the quality of first aid, especially for particularly life-threatening injuries. The patient can be loaded immediately at the scene of the accident, and even more complex first aid measures, such as inserting a tube into the trachea for artificial respiration, can be carried out during the journey to a hospital. A further significant advantage is that the time required between the arrival of an emergency vehicle at the patient, the initial treatment, and arrival at a hospital or the like can be considerably reduced by the holding system according to the invention, since even first aid measures involving complex maneuvers can be carried out while the patient is in motion. Another significant advantage is that the rapid transport of the patient also minimizes traffic disruptions, such as traffic jams, for example in the case of traffic accidents, as well as fuel and electricity consumption, noise, and exhaust emissions.

[0019] The holding system is also advantageously suitable for securing people who are standing in a bent position, sitting in a squatting position, kneeling in a kneeling position or even lying down or the like.

[0020] The sheet-like structure preferably comprises at least three locking points, each of which has a fastening element. Furthermore, force dissipation is advantageously possible through the plurality of locking points. Furthermore, four or more locking points are also possible. Advantageously, the three locking points form a plane, in particular one which is secured against rotation. In the simplest case, the fastening elements are eyelets or openings incorporated into the sheet-like structure. With only three locking points, it is advantageous if one of the fastening elements is located in the region of the lower edge of the sheet-like structure and two of the locking points are provided with fastening elements in the are arranged in the area of ​​the upper edge of the sheet. To largely prevent the sheet from twisting under impact from the body of a person standing there, it is advantageous to also provide two locking points with fastening elements in the area of ​​the lower edge of the sheet, so that, for example, a square can be spanned.

[0021] The sheet-like structure is preferably designed as a containment element or a wall element, in particular with an airbag outlet and preferably with an airbag arranged behind it. Particularly preferably, the sheet-like structure is designed as a textile sheet-like structure. The textile sheet-like structure is preferably designed as a net, sheet, or piece of fabric. In particular, the textile sheet-like structure forms the containment element. The sheet-like structure preferably extends flatly through the interior of the vehicle.

[0022] In particular, the holding unit is designed such that the sheet-like structure, in an operational state, extends substantially over the entire height of the interior of the emergency vehicle, in particular through the interior, from a floor of the interior to a ceiling of the interior, in the stretched-out state. In particular, the ceiling of the interior and / or the floor of the interior and / or side walls are components of the vehicle body. Advantageously, the sheet-like structure extends over a width transverse to the height of the interior, which width essentially corresponds to the width of a person. Advantageously, the sheet-like structure extends over a width of between 10 centimeters and 100 centimeters, preferably between 20 centimeters and 80 centimeters and particularly preferably between 40 centimeters and 60 centimeters.

[0023] In another embodiment, the sheet-like structure can also extend across a width, in particular an entire width, of the interior, preferably between side walls and / or built-in components in the interior of the emergency vehicle. In particular, fastening to the ceiling and / or floor can then be dispensed with. In this case, the sheet-like structure advantageously has a height which represents at least a significant proportion of the person's height, in particular from the person's head to their knees. In particular, the sheet-like structure has at least a height of between 20 centimeters and 200 centimeters, preferably between 50 centimeters and 150 centimeters, and particularly preferably between 80 centimeters and 120 centimeters. In particular, the sheet-like structure has a height of 100 centimeters.

[0024] The variant in which the holding system has a surface structure designed as a wall element is characterized by the fact that the wall element can be permanently or detachably mounted to an existing vehicle wall or can replace it. This enables this variant to be ready for use at all times and can also be designed to save space. The airbag is triggered in the event of an accident or sudden braking via one or more suitable sensors that are familiar to those skilled in the art, as is the connection to a compressed gas container. The arrangement and size of the airbag should ideally extend over a height of one to two meters in order to be able to absorb the entire body of a standing person, but at least be arranged so that the head and thorax area of ​​the standing person can be absorbed.Retaining straps can be arranged around the airbag outlet of the wall element to connect the standing person to the wall element. This is possible if the wall element is detachably connected to an existing wall. The advantage of the interior of an emergency vehicle is that the wall element can be designed for use in several vehicles.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment of the variant with a textile fabric designed as a sheet-like structure, in particular a catch element, which can be provided more cost-effectively than the variant with a textile fabric designed as a wall element with an airbag, the textile fabric has arresting straps that are arranged between at least two edge straps. The edge straps are preferably intended to be arranged in the emergency vehicle between the floor and / or ceiling and / or side walls and / or built-in components in the interior and in particular to be and / or to be tensioned. The arresting straps are connected to one another and / or to the edge straps. The arresting straps preferably extend transversely to the arresting straps, so that a plane and / or a surface is advantageously spanned. The locking points are advantageously arranged at the ends of the edge straps.For example, a net can be stretched out that is structurally reminiscent of a slatted frame for a bed, a fishing net, or a safety net. Further stabilization is advantageously achieved by a strap arranged parallel to the safety straps between the two edge straps in addition to the safety straps. In an advantageous embodiment, the edge straps, since they are preferably at least partially longer than the safety straps, are also wider than them in order to be able to bear corresponding loads. It has proven effective for the durability of the restraint system that straps preferably comprise the plastic fibers commonly used for safety belts in motor vehicles.

[0026] If a person is transported lying down and is treated or cared for by a standing person, it is important that the restraint system can be installed quickly by the standing person, if this is possible. has not yet happened. Therefore, it is advantageous if the edge straps of the textile fabric are spaced from one another by at least one rigid spacer element, for example a rod made of lightweight plastic, so that they cannot be easily twisted together and would have to be laboriously freed from this state before the catch element could be tensioned. The spacer element is advantageously designed as a V-shaped spacer element. In particular, a fabric with two locking points can also be advantageously tensioned by one or two V-shaped spacers.

[0027] For the function of the fabric to catch a person thrown against the fabric and thereby minimize the risk of injury to that person, it is advantageous if a pre-tensioning element is present, in particular to pre-tension a textile fabric. Advantageously, at least one of the fastening elements has at least one pre-tensioning element at the locking point. In particular, the pre-tensioning element has at least one spring element or is connected to a spring element. It is preferably advantageous if at least two of the fastening elements have spring elements at the locking points or are connected to spring elements.For example, the fastening elements of the sheet material can be designed as eyelets into which suspension elements designed as coil springs with hooks at their ends are hooked, wherein the hooks of a coil spring engage one end into one of the eyelets of the sheet material and the other end, for example, engage behind a strut spanning the trough in the floor or ceiling or on the side walls or on fixtures of the emergency vehicle. The sheet material and the interior of the emergency vehicle would thus be connected to one another via the coil springs. It is advantageous if at least two of the spring elements are on the same side of the. are arranged on the surface of the fabric, in a design with edge belts each on different edge belts, but each connected to the floor or to the ceiling or side walls or internal components of the emergency vehicle. Another possible design is one in which the material elasticity of the fabric or individual belts of the fabric is sufficient for the forces to be anticipated to be absorbed, without the need for spring elements. Furthermore, a pre-tensioning element would also be possible, which comprises a tensioning device, such as a belt tensioner and / or a belt force limiter. The tensioning device can advantageously be arranged on the edge belts and / or the safety belts or the like in order to be able to adjust the pre-tension.

[0028] In order for the holding system to reliably protect the standing person, it is advantageous if the standing person can be connected to the sheet-like structure. This is achieved by one or more holding straps which are either arranged on the sheet-like structure and in particular are connected to it directly or indirectly. Preferably, the at least one holding strap is connected to one of the safety straps, in particular detachably connected. The connection can advantageously be made by a loop, a carabiner or the like. Furthermore, the connection can also be created by guiding the holding strap through a mesh of a textile sheet-like structure. Alternatively, the holding strap can also be firmly connected to a safety strap, in particular glued or welded. For example, one holding strap can be designed as a lap belt. One or two holding straps can be designed as shoulder straps, for example as so-called suspender straps.The head can be advantageously protected by providing it with a forehead ring that runs around the forehead and back of the head and is connected to the fabric by a retaining strap designed as a connecting belt. The forehead ring is preferably adjustable to the respective head circumference to ensure a non-slip fit. Instead of a forehead ring, a differently designed head protection can also be attached via the retaining strap, for example a helmet. Preferably, two retaining straps are designed at least partially as leg loops, which are intended to each encircle a thigh of the standing person. Advantageously, the loop areas offer the option of adjustment for different thigh circumferences. Preferably, one retaining strap is designed as a chest strap. It is advantageous for all retaining straps if they are designed to be variable in length in order to be able to create different distances between the sheet-like structure and the standing person and to be able to adapt the retaining strap(s) to the stature and / or body dimensions of the standing person.In this context, "adjustable length" means that the respective tether strap does not change in length primarily due to material elasticity, but rather that the tether strap is redirected using buckles or similar devices to bridge different distances while maintaining a constant length. An adjustable-length tether strap can also be provided using an automatic retractor, which prevents unwinding under sudden load, as is common with seat belts in motor vehicles.

[0029] Following the example of a climbing harness, it has proven advantageous to have at least two holding straps for different body regions. Preferably, at least two or more holding straps form a holding harness. Advantageously, the holding straps can each have a separate connection to the fabric, or the holding straps can be connected to each other and have one or more common connections to the fabric. A common connection to the fabric at the level of the The two joints are arranged in the pelvis. This position is advantageously close to the person's center of gravity. Furthermore, a common connection can be arranged in the area of ​​the cervical spine and / or the neck. This common connection is close to the person's sensitive head. In particular, the combination of both common connections is particularly advantageous for an optimal balance of mobility and support. In particular, the harness comprises at least one locking mechanism for closing the retaining straps.

[0030] In an advantageous embodiment, at least one part of a garment, such as trousers or a shirt, or part of a full-body suit, is formed on or connected to a retaining strap. This advantageously allows forces to be transmitted even more effectively between the person and the vehicle.

[0031] The support unit preferably comprises a footrest and / or a legrest for the person. In particular, the footrest comprises a recess in which the person can place their feet. Advantageously, the recess has a wall with a height of only a few centimeters, so that the person can support themselves with their feet laterally in the recess, but in the event of sudden movements the feet can also come out of the recess, as in the event of an accident.

[0032] Advantageously, the leg support preferably encompasses the person's leg area in such a way that the person can rest their legs on the leg support to secure their position. At the same time, the leg support is positioned and designed so that the person can move comfortably and is not hindered by the leg support. Furthermore, the leg support protects the standing person from injuries, especially to the shins.

[0033] Advantageously, the holding unit comprises at least one guide rail on which the fastening elements are movably, in particular displaceably, received. In particular, the guide rail is arranged and / or received at least on a ceiling and / or at least on a floor and / or at least on one side wall of the interior. Preferably, two guide rails are provided on opposite sides of the interior in order to increase mobility. Advantageously, the guide rail comprises a guide rail in which guide elements are movably received. The guide elements have a locking function which inhibits movement within the guide rail in the event of sudden movements. This increases the mobility of the person, whereby the transmission of forces between the person and the vehicle can be ensured in the event of a sudden movement, such as in an accident.

[0034] In particular, the holding unit comprises at least one suspension device for fastening the holding unit to the vehicle, in particular to a roof and / or to a floor and / or to a side wall of the emergency vehicle. Advantageously, the suspension device comprises at least one plate which can be mounted from the outside on the roof, floor or side wall of the emergency vehicle and / or from the inside on the roof, floor or side wall of the interior. In one variant, the suspension device can be glued for installation. Advantageously, the suspension device comprises one or more receiving elements, such as threaded bolts, for receiving the sheet-like structure. Advantageously, the suspension device enables secure dissipation of forces into a vehicle body while simultaneously allowing independent positioning of the sheet-like structure in the interior of the emergency vehicle.Advantageously, the surface structure can be positioned independently of the vehicle body at a distance of between 10 centimeters and 50 centimeters, preferably between 20. Centimeters and 50 centimeters and particularly preferably between 30 centimeters and 40 centimeters to a lying device so that the person connected to the holding unit can reach at least every point on the patient's upper body.

[0035] In particular, the suspension device can also comprise a communication device, preferably with a device for establishing a data connection, such as a radio module. In particular, a radio connection, such as a GSM connection, can be established via the radio module. Preferably, the communication device can also comprise a loudspeaker and a microphone. In particular, a microphone can be attached directly to a retaining strap. This advantageously allows a direct connection to an emergency doctor or the like to be established in order to forward information for initial treatment and / or further treatment in a hospital or the like.

[0036] Advantageously, the holding unit comprises at least one protective element, which can be mounted, for example, on a reclining device to protect the person from injury. In particular, one protective element is designed as an edge protector for the reclining device. In particular, the edge protector is made of a flexible and elastic material that can be mounted on the reclining device.

[0037] Advantageously, the holding unit can also comprise a holder which can be accommodated in the immediate vicinity of the person connected to the holding unit. In particular, the holder is arranged within the reach of the person connected to the holding unit. Objects for medical care, such as instruments, medications, syringes, infusions and the like, can advantageously be stored in the holder. The holder advantageously enables the person which can provide for a patient, while at the same time providing good protection through the holding unit.

[0038] The arrangement according to the invention comprises a previously described holding system and an emergency vehicle. The sheet-like structure is stretched within the interior. Advantageously, the sheet-like structure extends, in particular freely, through the interior. Advantageously, all forces acting between the person and the emergency vehicle, preferably in all spatial directions, can be diverted directly via the stretched sheet-like structure and the locking points and fastening means.

[0039] The arrangement according to the invention also has many advantages. A significant advantage of the arrangement is that the standing person can be effectively protected from injury. In the event of an abrupt braking maneuver or the like, the standing person is caught in the surface structure or can be cushioned in the event of strong lateral acceleration.

[0040] The restraint system can reliably fulfil its function in particular when, in a functional state, it is positioned at least partially in an interior equipped with a reclining device for a person to be transported in such a way that the standing person to be protected can be caught by the stretched-out sheet structure in the event of an accident or an abrupt braking maneuver. For this purpose, the sheet structure should be arranged between a front of the interior and the reclining device. In the variant with the sheet structure designed as a wall element, this can also be located at least with its visible side facing the reclining device, while the airbag is preferably arranged invisibly behind the wall element and only when it is triggered is it released through the airbag outlet into the penetrates the interior. If the wall element is subsequently mounted, either permanently or detachably, into an interior space formed by existing walls, it is not only partially but completely located within the interior. Advantageously, the surface structure has fastening elements for the loose ends of the retaining straps on its visible side away from the airbag outlet, for example, clamps, Velcro elements, or clip connections or openings with which the retaining straps can be releasably locked so that they can be properly secured when not in use.

[0041] Even in the variant of the holding system with a textile fabric designed as a catch element, this should be arranged between the front of the emergency vehicle and the lying device in the operational state, whereby it must be ensured that there is a sufficient distance to the interior wall, which should not be touched by the textile fabric even when the standing person is caught and the textile fabric is subjected to a corresponding load. In the operational state, the textile fabric is preferably stretched via its fastening elements between the ceiling and / or floor and / or at least one side wall and / or at least one or more built-in units and / or another built-in object, such as a cupboard or the like, of the interior. In a storage state, however, it is folded or rolled up and stored in a suitable place in the emergency vehicle, for example in a storage space accessible from the interior.It is also possible, for example, to suspend the textile surface element from the ceiling of the interior when stored, preferably by means of the fastening elements provided for stretching it into the operational state, with the advantage that the operational state can be reached more quickly and with fewer manual steps from such a storage state than from a storage state in a separate storage space.

[0042] The restraint system presented is not limited to a single restraint unit per emergency vehicle. It is advantageous to include two or more restraint units. In some cases it may be necessary for the person to be rescued to be treated not by just one standing person, but by two or three people, as is the case with resuscitation measures and in particular cardiac massage as part of a resuscitation. In this case the second and third person do not stand in front of the head of the restraint system, but rather on opposite sides next to the restraint system. In the case of the textile fabric, this is stretched between the restraint system and a side wall of the interior that is the closest to the restraint system, transversely to this side wall between the floor and ceiling.Additional surface structures designed as wall elements with airbag outlets and an airbag arranged behind them can be attached to the walls of the vehicle interior running to the side of the reclining device in such a way that in a parked position they are arranged parallel to the side wall closest to the reclining device and in a deployed state they can be folded out transversely to this side wall. It is advantageous if one edge of the wall element is connected to the side vehicle interior wall via a hinge and the opposite edge is detachably connected to this so that after the hinge is folded out it can be detachably locked in a position transverse to the vehicle interior wall. This ensures that the direction of arrest for people standing to the side of the reclining device is the same as for the person standing in front of the head of the reclining device.In addition, a holding unit can comprise several surface structures.

[0043] Further advantageous developments and features of the holding system and the arrangement of the holding system and the Emergency vehicle results from the entire general Description and from the description of the embodiments.

[0044] Further features and advantages of embodiments of the invention are described below with reference to the drawings. The same reference numerals are used for identical or similar parts and for parts with identical or similar functions. They show: Fig. 1 shows an arrangement of an emergency vehicle and a holding system according to the invention with a plurality of holding units; Fig. 2 is a detailed view of a first embodiment of a holding unit of a holding system according to the invention; Fig. 3 is a detailed view of a second embodiment of a holding unit of a holding system according to the invention; and Fig. 4 is a detailed view of the arrangement of an emergency vehicle and a third and a fourth embodiment of holding units of a holding system according to the invention.

[0045] It is not necessary for the holding system according to the invention to have all of the features described below. It is also possible for a holding system according to the invention to have only individual features of the exemplary embodiments described below.

[0046] Fig. 1 shows an arrangement of an emergency vehicle 200 and a holding system 100 according to the invention for persons 300 standing in an interior 201 with a plurality of in an interior 201 of the emergency vehicle 200 attachable Holding units 1 for transmitting forces between a person 300 and the emergency vehicle 200.

[0047] A holding unit 1 is here in an operational state 101 between a front 203 of the interior 201 of the emergency vehicle 200 and a lying device 202. A further holding unit 1 is arranged between a side wall 204 of the interior 201 and the lying device 202 in the operational state 101. A third holding unit 1 with a textile fabric 3 is rolled up in a storage state 102 at the front 203 of the interior 201 of the emergency vehicle 200 and stowed comfortably and in a space-saving manner. The fabrics 3 are shown here purely schematically. For transfer to the operational state 101, the holding unit 1 with the textile fabric 3 can be easily removed and unrolled and fastened to the ceiling 206 and the floor 205 of the interior 201. As a result, the holding unit 1 is ready for use within seconds. Furthermore, due to the limited space capacity in emergency vehicles 200, the holding unit 1 can only be used in the operational state 101 when needed.

[0048] The holding unit 1 has a sheet 3, which can be clamped in an interior 201 of the emergency vehicle 200. In the operational state 101, the sheet in the interior 201 of the emergency vehicle 200. The sheet-like structure 3 extends in the operational state 101 through the interior 201. For this purpose, the sheet-like structure 3 comprises locking points 5, each of which has a fastening element 4. The fastening elements 4 are releasably connected to corresponding elements, such as eyelets or hooks, on the ceiling 206 and the floor 205 of the interior 201. The sheet-like structure 3 has a width of approximately 80 centimeters, which essentially corresponds to the width of a body of the person depicted. A person 300 to be secured can be caught in the sheet-like structure 3, for example For example, in the event of an abrupt braking maneuver or the like. In addition, at least one retaining belt 2 is present for each retaining unit 1, which is attached to the person 300 for securing them. Here, the two retaining units 1 shown in the operational state 101 each have a plurality of retaining belts 2. The retaining belts 2 are connected to one another and each form a retaining harness 2g. The retaining harness 2g is shown purely schematically here. The retaining harness 2g is connected to the sheet-like structure 3 via common connections 2i. Forces that must be transmitted between the standing person 300 and the emergency vehicle 200 can be diverted directly and immediately through the retaining unit 1 into the floor 205 and the ceiling 206 of the interior, which here form part of the vehicle body.The sheet-like structure 3 is freely spanned, and the forces are absorbed by the sheet-like structure 3 and transmitted through the fastening elements 4 to the locking points 5. A person 300 standing in the emergency vehicle 200 can advantageously be secured by the holding system 100 so that comprehensive initial patient care can be provided during the journey. This can save life-saving time, for example, for performing an operation in a hospital. The person 300 standing between the front 203 of the interior 201 and the lying device 202 can reach the upper body of the patient shown and, for example, insert a ventilation tube. The person shown laterally between the side wall 204 and the lying device 202 can reach the entire body area and, for example, perform cardiac massage.

[0049] Fig. 2 shows a detailed view of a first embodiment of a holding unit 1 of a holding system 100 according to the invention. The holding unit 1 here comprises a textile fabric 3. The textile fabric 3 is here designed as a net of Edge belts 6 and safety belts 7. The safety belts 6 are arranged between the edge belts 6 and connected to each other by the safety belts 7.

[0050] The locking points 5 with the fastening elements 4 are formed here at the ends of the edge straps 6. The lateral edge straps 6 are longer here than the safety belts 7. By receiving the fastening elements 4 on the ceiling 206 and the floor 205 of the interior 201, the sheet structure 3 is stretched out so that the person 300 can be caught therein and is secured and protected even in the event of sudden changes in direction or acceleration of the emergency vehicle 200, while at the same time allowing treatment and care to be provided to a patient on the stretcher 202. The stretched sheet structure 3 extends freely through the interior so that introduced forces are absorbed by the holding straps 2 and the sheet structure 3 and diverted by the fastening elements 4 at the locking points 5.For this purpose, eyelets or hooks can be attached to the ceiling 205 and the floor 205 of the interior 201 of the emergency vehicle 200, to which the fastening elements 4 can be releasably connected. Furthermore, a rigid spacer element 8 and prestressing elements 9 are provided to ensure that the sheet-like structure 3 remains in its tensioned state even under high forces.

[0051] Several restraint straps 2 are provided. They include a lap belt 2a, two shoulder straps 2b, a chest strap 2f, a connecting strap 2c, a forehead ring 2d or head protection 2d, and two leg loops 2e. The restraint straps 2 are partially connected to one another. The restraint straps 2 are detachably connected to the fabric 3 at connections 2i. This allows the position of the restraint straps 2 to be adjusted to the body size of the person 300.

[0052] Fig. 3 shows a detailed view of a second embodiment of a holding unit 1 of a holding system 100 according to the invention. Here, too, the sheet-like structure 3 is designed as a textile sheet-like structure 3 and further as a net. There are two edge straps 6 with four locking points 5 and four fastening elements 4. Furthermore, pre-tensioning elements 9 are provided on the edge straps 7. There are a plurality of holding straps 2 which are connected to one another and form a holding harness 2g. The holding harness 2g here has a lap belt 2a, two shoulder straps 2b, two chest straps 2f, two leg loops 2e and a connecting belt 2c. In Fig. 3, the holding harness 2g is shown next to the sheet-like structure 3 for better illustration. The holding harness 2g advantageously has two common connections 2i with the textile sheet-like structure 3. A connection 2i is arranged at the level of the pelvis of the person 300, close to the center of gravity of the person 300.The other connection 2i is arranged in the area of ​​the cervical spine of the person 300 in order to stabilize the head. The connections 2i are shown by dashed lines. The holding harness 2g is connected to the sheet-like structure 3. An advantage of this embodiment is that the holding harness 2g can be put on directly when loading the patient into the emergency vehicle 200 in order to ensure the treatment or care of the patient during the journey in the emergency vehicle 200. Detachable connections 2i are provided by carabiners and lockable loops or the like. The connection 2i in the lower area of ​​the holding harness 2g is established here by passing the holding belt 2 through the safety belts 6. The person is held and secured in the holding harness 2g. A locking mechanism is provided on the holding belt for this purpose.

[0053] Furthermore, items of clothing 2h can be formed or attached to the holding straps 2, such as trousers or the like on the leg loops 2e. This allows the person 300 to pull on the harness 2g. This allows forces to be transferred even more effectively between the person 300 and the emergency vehicle 200.

[0054] Fig. 4 shows a detailed view of the arrangement of an emergency vehicle 200 and a third and a fourth embodiment of holding unit 1 of a holding system 100 according to the invention. A part of the interior 201 of the emergency vehicle 200 is shown.

[0055] On the left side of the figure, a holding unit 1 is arranged in the deployed state 101 between the side wall 204 of the interior 201 and the reclining device 202. The sheet-like structure 3 is shown here purely schematically. In this third embodiment, the sheet-like structure 3 is formed by a wall element. The wall element has openings to enable connections 2i to the holding straps 2. The wall element is a rigid element, such as a board, which may also have an outlet for an airbag.

[0056] On the right side of Figure 1, a holding unit 1 is shown, wherein the fabric 3 is designed as a textile fabric 3. Here, the eyelets for receiving the fastening elements 4 of the locking points 5 are each received on the floor and the ceiling on a respective guide rail 12. The guide rails 12 allow the person 300 to move along the course of the guide rails 12 in the secured state. Furthermore, a suspension device 13 is provided, which is mounted on the roof of the emergency vehicle 200. The guide rail 12 is here received on the suspension device 13. The suspension device 13 enables a safe dissipation of the forces between the structure of the emergency vehicle 200, such as the floor 205 and the ceiling 206 and the person 300. This allows the Surface structure 3 can be mounted where a position is optimal.

[0057] Furthermore, there is a footrest 10 for the person 300. The footrest 10 is designed as a depression in the floor. The person 300 can position their feet in the depression and support themselves on a wall of the depression. However, due to the shallow depth of just a few centimeters, the feet can move freely around the room in the event of sudden movements, so that mobility of the feet is not blocked in the event of an accident. In addition, there is a legrest 11 which protects the leg area of ​​the person 300 and can also serve as support. Furthermore, there is a protective element 15 to protect the person from injuries caused by the lying device 201 and a holder 14. Treatment utensils such as instruments can be prepared in the holder 14 so that the treatment utensils necessary for the person 300 treating or caring for them are arranged directly within reach. This also further increases the safety of the person 300.

[0058] Further advantages are described below: The restraint system is in particular a technical unit which is advantageously fully functional without any external structural components. In particular, it only requires the structural components assigned to it and, for anchoring, the vehicle body parts roof, floor, and side walls. Preferably, no further structures are required in the vehicle, in particular none that are connected to the body, such as a seat or a padded catch surface, so that the restraint system can fulfil its function of force dissipation and securing the user. The restraint system differs from other safety systems in particular in that it advantageously has a catch element, safety element and force-dissipation element in one. Other safety systems, in particular, always require, in addition to belts, a fall arrest element and a force-dissipation element, such as a seat or a padded fall arrest surface. Reference symbol: 1 holding unit 2 retaining straps 2a Lap belt 2b Shoulder strap 2c connecting strap 2d forehead ring, head protection 2nd leg loop 2f chest strap 2g harness 2h garment attached to the strap 2i connection 3 Surface structures 4 Fastening element 5 locking point 6 Safety harness 7 edge belt 8 spacer element 9 Preload element 10 Footrest 1 1 leg rest 12 guide rail 13 Suspension device 14 holders 15 protective element 100 holding system 101 Operational status 102 Storage condition 200 emergency vehicles 201 Interior of the emergency vehicle 202 Reclining device 203 Front of the interior 204 Side wall of the interior 205 Interior floor 206 Ceiling of the interior 300 people

Claims

Patent claims: 1 . Holding system (100) for securing at least one person (300) standing in an interior (201) of an emergency vehicle (200), comprising a holding unit (1) which can be fastened in the interior (201) of the vehicle (200) for transmitting forces between the person (300) and the emergency vehicle (200), wherein the holding unit (1) has at least one holding belt (2) for receiving and securing the person (300), characterized in that the holding unit (1) has at least one sheet-like structure (3) for catching the standing person (300), wherein the sheet-like structure (3) comprises at least two locking points (5), each having a fastening element (4), for stretching the sheet-like structure (3) through the interior (201) of the emergency vehicle (200), and wherein the at least one holding belt (2) is connected to the sheet-like structure (3) is connected.

2. Holding system (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the sheet material (3) is designed as a textile sheet material (3) as a net, tarpaulin or piece of fabric.

3. Holding system (100) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the textile fabric (3) has safety belts (6) and edge belts (7), wherein the safety belts (6) are arranged between at least two edge belts (7) and are connected to one another or to the edge belts (7), wherein the locking points (5) are located at the ends of the edge belts (7) are arranged.

4. Holding system (100) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that at least one holding belt (2) is detachably connected to a safety belt (6).

5. Holding system (100) according to one of the two preceding claims, characterized in that the edge belts (7) are spaced from one another by a rigid spacer element (8).

6. Holding system (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the fastening elements (4) has at least one prestressing element (9) at the locking point (5) 7. Holding system (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a holding belt (2) is designed as a lap belt (2a).

8. Holding system (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a holding strap (2) is designed as a shoulder strap (2b).

9. Holding system (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a holding belt (2) is designed as a connecting belt (2c) on which a forehead ring (2d) or a head protection (2d) is arranged.

10. Holding system (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that two of the holding straps (2) are at least partially designed as leg loops (2e) which are intended to each enclose a thigh of the standing person (300). 1 1. Holding system (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a holding strap (2) is designed as a chest strap (2f).

12. Holding system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a holding belt (2) is designed to be variable in length.

13. Holding system (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least two holding straps (2) are provided for different body regions and wherein the holding straps (2) are connected to one another so that they form a holding harness (2g), and wherein the holding harness (2g) has at least one common connection (2i) with the sheet material (2).

14. Holding system (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the holding unit (1) comprises a footrest (10) and / or a legrest (11) for the person (300).

15. Holding system (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the holding unit (1) comprises at least one guide rail (12) in which the fastening elements (4) are movably received.

16. Holding system (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holding unit (1) has at least one suspension device (13) for fastening to the emergency vehicle (200), in particular to a roof of the emergency vehicle (200).

17. Holding system (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two holding units (1) are included.

18. Arrangement comprising a holding system (100) according to one of the preceding claims and an emergency vehicle (200), wherein the sheet-like structure (3) is stretched in the interior (201) of the emergency vehicle (200) in an operational state (101) and extends in particular through the interior of the emergency vehicle (200).

19. Arrangement according to the preceding claim, characterized in that in the operational state (101) the sheet-like structure (3) is arranged at least partially in an interior (201) of the emergency vehicle (200) equipped with a lying device (202) for a person (300) to be transported, between the front (203) of the emergency vehicle (200) and the lying device (202) or, in particular as a side safety element, between the lying device (202) and the side wall (204) which is at the shortest distance therefrom.

20. Arrangement according to one of the two preceding claims, characterized in that the sheet material (3) in the operational state (101) is stretched by fastening to fastening elements (4) arranged in a fixed position in the interior (201) and a textile sheet material (3) in a storage state (102) is stored in the emergency vehicle (200) in a folded or rolled-up manner.

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