Wall structure

Abstract

Provided is a wall structure that permits easy strength design while making use of the texture of wooden braces.　The wall structure comprises: a frame including a pair of wooden vertical members and a pair of wooden horizontal members; a wooden first brace and a wooden second brace; metal extending / retracting members; and a covering member. The first brace is provided between a first attachment portion and a second attachment portion that are displaced relative to one another in the frame when relative horizontal displacement occurs between the pair of horizontal members. The second brace is provided between the first attachment portion and a third attachment portion that are displaced relative to one another in the frame when said relative displacement occurs. The extending / retracting members are interposed between the first attachment portion and the first brace and second brace, and have extending / retracting properties that allow the extending / retracting members to deform elastically in the compression direction and tension direction of the first brace and the second brace. The covering member has a first covering portion, a second covering portion, and a third covering portion that are fixed to the frame while covering the extending / retracting members.

Description

Title of Invention WALL STRUCTURE Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a wall structure of a building. Background Art

[0002] Patent Literature 1 discloses a reinforced concrete building. This building includes a beam-column frame composed of reinforced concrete columns and beams, and a brace provided between beam-column joints in the beam-column frame. The brace includes a brace body formed of wood, a first coupling portion fixed to one of the beam-column joints, and a second coupling portion fixed to the other beam-column joint. The second coupling portion includes a compression coil spring that elastically deforms when the beam-column frame undergoes shear deformation during an earthquake.

[0003] Patent Literature 1 discloses that, when the second coupling portion of the brace is fixed to the beam-column joint, formwork is assembled at the beam-column joint, reinforcing bars are arranged in the formwork, mortar is injected into the formwork and filled between the beamcolumn joint and a pressing member of the second coupling portion, and the mortar is hardened to form a connection block. However, since at least a part of the second coupling portion is exposed, there is a problem in that the texture of the wooden brace cannot be fully made use of. In addition, there is also room for improvement in the strength design of the beam-column frame structure. Citation List Patent Literature

[0004] Patent Literature 1: JP 2015-140616 A Summary of Invention

[0005] An object of the present invention is to provide a wall structure capable of facilitating strength design while making use of the texture of a wooden brace.

[0006] A wall structure according to one aspect of the present invention is a wall structure of a building. This wall structure includes: a framework including a pair of wooden vertical members extending in a predetermined vertical direction and spaced apart from each other in a horizontal direction orthogonal to the vertical direction, and a pair of wooden horizontal members extending in the horizontal direction to connect the pair of vertical members to each other and spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction; a wooden first brace provided between a first attachment portion and a second attachment portion that are relatively displaced with respect to each other in the framework when a relative displacement in the horizontal direction occurs between the pair of horizontal members; a wooden second brace provided between the first attachment portion and a third attachment portion that are relatively displaced with respect to each other in the framework when the relative displacement occurs; metallic expansion-contraction members fixed to the first attachment portion while being interposed between the first attachment portion and the first and second braces, the metallic expansioncontraction members having elasticity that allows elastic deformation in compressive and tensile directions of the first brace and the second brace, the elasticity of the expansion-contraction members being greater than the elasticity in the compressive and tensile directions of the first brace and the second brace; and a covering member including a first covering portion fixed to the framework while exposing the first brace and the second brace on one side in an orthogonal direction orthogonal to the vertical direction and the horizontal direction and while covering the expansion-contraction members from the one side in the orthogonal direction, a second covering portion fixed to the framework while exposing the first brace and the second brace on the other side in the orthogonal direction and while covering the expansion-contraction members from the other side in the orthogonal direction, and a third covering portion fixed to the framework while allowing the first brace and the second brace to extend from the first attachment portion toward the second attachment portion and the third attachment portion and while covering the expansion-contraction members from a side opposite to the first attachment portion.

[0007] As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a wall structure capable of facilitating strength design while making use of the texture of a wooden brace. Brief Description of Drawings

[0008] FIG. 1 is a front view of a wall structure of a building according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a side view of the vicinity of an expansion-contraction member in the wall structure, as viewed in a horizontal direction. FIG. 3 is a front view of a wall structure according to a modified embodiment. Description of Embodiments

[0009] An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following embodiment is an example embodying the present invention, and is not intended to limit the technical scope of the present invention. In the following, directional relationships will be described using a vertical direction D1, a horizontal direction D2, and an orthogonal direction D3, which are orthogonal to one another. The vertical direction D1 is an up-down direction perpendicular to a horizontal plane, the horizontal direction D2 is a direction parallel to the horizontal plane and orthogonal to the vertical direction D1, and the orthogonal direction D3 is a direction orthogonal to the vertical direction D1 and the horizontal direction D2.

[0010] FIG. 1 is a front view of a wall structure 1 of a building according to an embodiment of the present invention, as viewed from the orthogonal direction D3. FIG. 2 is a side view of the vicinity of an expansion-contraction member 4 in the wall structure 1, as viewed from the horizontal direction D2. The wall structure 1 is a wall structure for separating an indoor space between a floor and a ceiling from the outdoors in a wooden building. The wall structure 1 includes a wooden framework 2, a wooden first brace 31, a wooden second brace 32, metallic 2 expansion-contraction members 4, and a covering member 6.

[0011] The framework 2 is a portion constituting a frame that structurally supports the entire building, and includes a pair of wooden vertical members 21 and a pair of wooden horizontal members 22. Each of the pair of vertical members 21 is constituted by, for example, a wooden column. The pair of vertical members 21 are provided so as to extend in the vertical direction D1 and be spaced apart from each other in the horizontal direction D2.  Each of the pair of horizontal members 22 is constituted by, for example, a wooden beam.  The pair of horizontal members 22 are provided so as to extend in the horizontal direction D2 to connect the pair of vertical members 21 to each other and to be spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction D1.

[0012] The first brace 31 is a wooden member provided between a first attachment portion 2A and a second attachment portion 2B that are relatively displaced with respect to each other in the framework 2 when a relative displacement in the horizontal direction D2 occurs between the pair of horizontal members 22. In the example illustrated in FIG. 1, the first attachment portion 2A is constituted by a central portion, in the horizontal direction D2 between the pair of vertical members 21, of the horizontal member 22, which is located on an upper side D12 in the vertical direction D1, out of the pair of horizontal members 22. The second attachment portion 2B is constituted by a portion of the vertical member 21, which is located on one side D21 in the horizontal direction D2, out of the pair of vertical members 21, the portion being adjacent, on the upper side D12, to a site to which the horizontal member 22, which is located on a lower side D11 in the vertical direction D1, out of the pair of horizontal members 22 is connected. The first brace 31 extends from the first attachment portion 2A toward the second attachment portion 2B while being inclined toward the one side D21 in the horizontal direction D2.

[0013] The second brace 32 is a wooden member provided between the first attachment portion 2A and a third attachment portion 2C that are relatively displaced with respect to each other in the framework 2 when a relative displacement in the horizontal direction D2 occurs between the pair of horizontal members 22. In the example illustrated in FIG. 1, the third attachment portion 2C is constituted by a portion of the vertical member 21, which is located on the other side D22 in the horizontal direction D2, out of the pair of vertical members 21, the portion being adjacent, on the upper side D12, to a site to which the horizontal member 22, which is located on the lower side D11 in the vertical direction D1, out of the pair of horizontal members 22 is connected. The second brace 32 extends from the first attachment portion 2A toward the third attachment portion 2C while being inclined toward the other side D22 in the horizontal direction D2.

[0014] The expansion-contraction members 4 are metallic members interposed between the first attachment portion 2A and the first and second braces 31 and 32, and fixed to the first attachment portion 2A. The expansion-contraction members 4 have elasticity that allows elastic deformation in the compressive and tensile directions of the first brace 31 and the second brace 32. The elasticity of the expansion-contraction members 4 is greater than the elasticity in the 3 compressive and tensile directions of the first brace 31 and the second brace 32.

[0015] In the example illustrated in FIG. 1, the wall structure 1 includes an expansioncontraction member 4 on the first brace 31 side interposed between the first attachment portion 2A and the first brace 31, and an expansion-contraction member 4 on the second brace 32 side interposed between the first attachment portion 2A and the second brace 32. The shape of each expansion-contraction member 4 is not particularly limited as long as each expansion-contraction member 4 has elasticity that allows elastic deformation in the compressive and tensile directions of the first brace 31 and the second brace 32.

[0016] For example, the expansion-contraction member 4 on the first brace 31 side may include a first extension portion 4A1, a first expansion-contraction portion 4A2, and a first connection portion 4A3. The first extension portion 4A1 has a plate shape, is smaller in cross-sectional area than the first brace 31, and extends from an end face of the first brace 31, the end face being close to the first attachment portion 2A, toward the first attachment portion 2A. The first expansion-contraction portion 4A2 has a curved shape and is provided between the first extension portion 4A1 and the first attachment portion 2A. The first connection portion 4A3 has a plate shape, extends from the first expansion-contraction portion 4A2 toward the first attachment portion 2A, and is connected to the first attachment portion 2A. In this case, as illustrated in FIG. 2, the expansion-contraction member 4 on the first brace 31 side has a structure in which the first expansion-contraction portion 4A2 is connected between the first extension portion 4A1 and the first connection portion 4A3 by bolts 92. The expansioncontraction member 4 on the first brace 31 side is connected, at the first extension portion 4A1 and the first connection portion 4A3, between the first brace 31 and the first attachment portion 2A, and is capable of elastic deformation at the first expansion-contraction portion 4A2 in the compressive and tensile directions of the first brace 31.

[0017] Similarly, the expansion-contraction member 4 on the second brace 32 side may include a second extension portion 4B1, a second expansion-contraction portion 4B2, and a second connection portion 4B3. The second extension portion 4B1 has a plate shape, is smaller in cross-sectional area than the second brace 32, and extends from an end face of the second brace 32, the end face being close to the first attachment portion 2A, toward the first attachment portion 2A. The second expansion-contraction portion 4B2 has a curved shape and is provided between the second extension portion 4B1 and the first attachment portion 2A. The second connection portion 4B3 has a plate shape, extends from the second expansion-contraction portion 4B2 toward the first attachment portion 2A, and is connected to the first attachment portion 2A. The expansion-contraction member 4 on the second brace 32 side is connected, at the second extension portion 4B1 and the second connection portion 4B3, between the second brace 32 and the first attachment portion 2A, and is capable of elastic deformation at the second expansioncontraction portion 4B2 in the compressive and tensile directions of the second brace 32.

[0018] The covering member 6 is a member for covering the metallic expansion-contraction members 4. The covering member 6 includes a first wall panel 61 including a first covering 4 portion 6A, a second wall panel 62 including a second covering portion 6B, and a space covering member 63 including a third covering portion 6C.

[0019] The first wall panel 61 is constituted by, for example, gypsum board made of a fireresistant material, and includes the first covering portion 6A. The first covering portion 6A is fixed to the framework 2 while exposing the first brace 31 and the second brace 32 on the indoor side on one side D31 in the orthogonal direction D3 and while covering the expansioncontraction members 4 from the indoor side on the one side D31 in the orthogonal direction D3. The first covering portion 6A is fixed, for example, to a side surface of a stud 23 facing the one side D31 in the orthogonal direction D3, the stud 23 extending from the horizontal member 22 including the first attachment portion 2A in the framework 2 toward the lower side D11 in the vertical direction D1. In the wall structure 1, the first wall panel 61 can also serve as the first covering portion 6A for covering the expansion-contraction members 4.

[0020] The second wall panel 62 is constituted by, for example, gypsum board made of a fireresistant material, and includes the second covering portion 6B. The second covering portion 6B is fixed to the framework 2 while exposing the first brace 31 and the second brace 32 on the outdoor side on the other side D32 in the orthogonal direction D3 and while covering the expansion-contraction members 4 from the outdoor side on the other side D32 in the orthogonal direction D3. The second covering portion 6B is fixed, for example, to a side surface of the stud 23 facing the other side D32 in the orthogonal direction D3, the stud 23 extending from the horizontal member 22 including the first attachment portion 2A in the framework 2 toward the lower side D11 in the vertical direction D1. In the wall structure 1, the second wall panel 62 can also serve as the second covering portion 6B for covering the expansion-contraction members 4.

[0021] The space covering member 63 is constituted by, for example, a calcium silicate board made of a fire-resistant material, and includes the third covering portion 6C. The third covering portion 6C is fixed to the framework 2 while allowing the first brace 31 and the second brace 32 to extend from the first attachment portion 2A toward the second attachment portion 2B and the third attachment portion 2C and while covering the expansion-contraction members 4 from the lower side D11 opposite to the first attachment portion 2A in the vertical direction D1. The third covering portion 6C is fixed, for example, to a runner 24 that supports, on the lower side D11, the stud 23 extending from the horizontal member 22 including the first attachment portion 2A in the framework 2 toward the lower side D11 in the vertical direction D1.

[0022] As illustrated in FIG. 2, the covering member 6 further includes a modesty panel 64. The modesty panel 64 has a so-called curtain wall function, and includes the second covering portion 6B for covering the expansion-contraction members 4 and a framework covering portion 6E for covering the horizontal member 22 including the first attachment portion 2A from the outdoor side on the other side D32 in the orthogonal direction D3. The modesty panel 64 is supported by a support member 93 extending from the horizontal member 22 including the first attachment portion 2A toward the outdoor side on the other side D32 in the orthogonal direction 5 D3, and is thereby provided at a position spaced apart from the framework 2 toward the other side D32 in the orthogonal direction D3. A glass plate 81 is provided on the outdoor side on the other side D32 in the orthogonal direction D3 with respect to the modesty panel 64. The glass plate 81 is supported by a support member 94 attached to the modesty panel 64, the space covering member 63, and the like.

[0023] The space covering member 63 also includes, in addition to the third covering portion 6C for covering the expansion-contraction members 4, a fourth covering portion 6D extending from the third covering portion 6C toward the other side D32 in the orthogonal direction D3 and covering a space between the framework 2 and the modesty panel 64 from a side opposite to the first attachment portion 2A. In the wall structure 1, the space covering member 63 for covering the space between the modesty panel 64 and the framework 2 can also serve as the third covering portion 6C for covering the expansion-contraction members 4. In the wall structure 1 including the space covering member 63, the first wall panel 61 extends from an end portion of the space covering member 63 on the one side D31 in the orthogonal direction D3 in a direction approaching the first attachment portion 2A. The second wall panel 62 extends from a portion of the third covering portion 6C of the space covering member 63 on the other side D32 in the orthogonal direction D3 in a direction approaching the first attachment portion 2A.

[0024] As described above, in the wall structure 1, the wooden first brace 31 and the wooden second brace 32 are fixed to the wooden framework 2 via the metallic expansion-contraction members 4. Furthermore, the elasticity of the expansion-contraction members 4 is greater than the elasticity of the first brace 31 and the second brace 32. Thus, compared with a case in which the first brace 31 and the second brace 32 are directly fixed to the framework 2, it is possible to reduce a tensile load and a compressive load borne by the first brace 31 and the second brace 32 when a relative displacement in the horizontal direction D2 occurs between the pair of horizontal members 22. This makes it possible to suppress damage to the first brace 31 and the second brace 32 when the relative displacement occurs, thereby facilitating strength design of the framework structure.

[0025] Furthermore, while the wooden first brace 31 and the wooden second brace 32 extend from the first attachment portion 2A of the framework 2 toward the second attachment portion 2B and the third attachment portion 2C and are exposed on the one side D31 and the other side D32 in the orthogonal direction D3, the expansion-contraction members 4 are covered by the first covering portion 6A, the second covering portion 6B, and the third covering portion 6C from the one side D31 and the other side D32 in the orthogonal direction D3 and a side opposite to the first attachment portion 2A. This makes it possible to make use of the texture of the wooden first brace 31 and the wooden second brace 32 while covering the metallic expansioncontraction members 4.

[0026] Furthermore, since the expansion-contraction members 4 are covered by the first covering portion 6A, the second covering portion 6B, and the third covering portion 6C, direct exposure of the metallic expansion-contraction members 4 to flames can be suppressed in the event of fire. 6 As a result, transmission of heat from the flames to the wooden framework 2, the wooden first brace 31, and the wooden second brace 32 through the metallic expansion-contraction members 4 having high thermal conductivity can be suppressed. This makes it possible to suppress a reduction in the time required for the wooden framework 2 and the like to reach the autoignition temperature in the event of fire, thereby improving fire-resistance performance of the framework structure.

[0027] Furthermore, since the first covering portion 6A, the second covering portion 6B, and the third covering portion 6C that cover the expansion-contraction members 4 are made of fireresistant materials, direct exposure of the metallic expansion-contraction members 4 to flames can be more reliably suppressed in the event of fire.

[0028] As illustrated in FIG. 2, the wall structure 1 may further include a fire-resistant member 7 that is provided in an accommodation space 6S partitioned by the first covering portion 6A, the second covering portion 6B, and the third covering portion 6C and configured to accommodate the expansion-contraction members 4, and that surrounds the peripheries of the expansioncontraction members 4. The fire-resistant member 7 is made of, for example, rock wool or the like. In this case, since the fire-resistant member 7 surrounds the peripheries of the metallic expansion-contraction members 4 in the accommodation space 6S, direct exposure of the metallic expansion-contraction members 4 to flames can be more reliably suppressed in the event of fire.

[0029] As illustrated in FIG. 1, the third covering portion 6C of the space covering member 63 may have a first passage hole 6C1 that restricts passage of the first brace 31 and allows passage of the first extension portion 4A1 of the expansion-contraction member 4 on the first brace 31 side, and a second passage hole 6C2 that restricts passage of the second brace 32 and allows passage of the second extension portion 4B1 of the expansion-contraction member 4 on the second brace 32 side. In this case, the third covering portion 6C can be arranged such that the first passage hole 6C1 is closed by the first brace 31 and the second passage hole 6C2 is closed by the second brace 32, thereby covering the metallic expansion-contraction members 4.

[0030] Furthermore, as illustrated in FIG. 1, the first attachment portion 2A may have a predetermined groove-shaped first attachment-side groove 2A1. The first brace 31 may have a first brace-side one-end groove 311 having a groove shape and formed at one end portion on the first attachment portion 2A side. The second brace 32 may have a second brace-side one-end groove 321 having a groove shape and formed at one end portion on the first attachment portion 2A side. The wall structure 1 may further include a first coupling member 51, a second coupling member 52, and a third coupling member 53.

[0031] The first coupling member 51 is a plate-shaped metallic member that couples the first attachment portion 2A to the expansion-contraction members 4 while being inserted into the first attachment-side groove 2A1 of the first attachment portion 2A. The first coupling member 51 includes a first insertion portion 511 inserted into the first attachment-side groove 2A1 and a first non-insertion portion 512 exposed from the first attachment-side groove 2A1. In the first 7 coupling member 51, the first insertion portion 511 inserted into the first attachment-side groove 2A1 is fixed to the first attachment portion 2A by drift pins 91 penetrating in the orthogonal direction D3, and the first non-insertion portion 512 is fixed by the bolts 92 to the first connection portion 4A3 of the expansion-contraction member 4 on the first brace 31 side and the second connection portion 4B3 of the expansion-contraction member 4 on the second brace 32 side. The first coupling member 51 couples the first attachment portion 2A to the expansioncontraction members 4 in a state in which the first insertion portion 511 inserted into the first attachment-side groove 2A1 is fixed to the first attachment portion 2A and the first non-insertion portion 512 is fixed to the expansion-contraction members 4.

[0032] The second coupling member 52 is a plate-shaped metallic member that couples the first brace 31 to the expansion-contraction member 4 such that the first brace 31 is in close contact with the third covering portion 6C while the second coupling member 52 is inserted into the first brace-side one-end groove 311 of the first brace 31. The second coupling member 52 includes a second insertion portion 521 inserted into the first brace-side one-end groove 311 and a second non-insertion portion 522 exposed from the first brace-side one-end groove 311. In the second coupling member 52, the second insertion portion 521 inserted into the first brace-side one-end groove 311 is fixed to one end portion of the first brace 31 by the drift pins 91 penetrating in the orthogonal direction D3, and the second non-insertion portion 522 is fixed by the bolts 92 to the first extension portion 4A1 of the expansion-contraction member 4 on the first brace 31 side. In the second coupling member 52, when an operation is performed to fix, with the drift pins 91, the second insertion portion 521 inserted into the first brace-side one-end groove 311 to one end portion of the first brace 31, the drift pins 91 are driven in along the orthogonal direction D3 using a tool such as a hammer. Thus, even when no gap is formed between the first brace 31 and the third covering portion 6C since the first brace 31 is in close contact with the third covering portion 6C, an operation for fixing with the drift pins 91 can be performed. The second coupling member 52 couples the first brace 31 to the expansion-contraction member 4 such that the first brace 31 is in close contact with the third covering portion 6C in a state in which the second insertion portion 521 inserted into the first brace-side one-end groove 311 is fixed to one end portion of the first brace 31 and the second non-insertion portion 522 is fixed to the expansion-contraction member 4.

[0033] The third coupling member 53 is a plate-shaped metallic member that couples the second brace 32 to the expansion-contraction member 4 such that the second brace 32 is in close contact with the third covering portion 6C while the third coupling member 53 is inserted into the second brace-side one-end groove 321 of the second brace 32. The third coupling member 53 includes a third insertion portion 531 inserted into the second brace-side one-end groove 321 and a third non-insertion portion 532 exposed from the second brace-side one-end groove 321. In the third coupling member 53, the third insertion portion 531 inserted into the second brace-side one-end groove 321 is fixed to one end portion of the second brace 32 by the drift pins 91 penetrating in the orthogonal direction D3, and the third non-insertion portion 532 is fixed by the bolts 92 to 8 the second extension portion 4B1 of the expansion-contraction member 4 on the second brace 32 side. In the third coupling member 53, when an operation is performed to fix, with the drift pins 91, the third insertion portion 531 inserted into the second brace-side one-end groove 321 to one end portion of the second brace 32, the drift pins 91 are driven in along the orthogonal direction D3 using a tool such as a hammer. Thus, even when no gap is formed between the second brace 32 and the third covering portion 6C since the second brace 32 is in close contact with the third covering portion 6C, an operation for fixing with the drift pins 91 can be performed. The third coupling member 53 couples the second brace 32 to the expansioncontraction member 4 such that the second brace 32 is in close contact with the third covering portion 6C in a state in which the third insertion portion 531 inserted into the second brace-side one-end groove 321 is fixed to one end portion of the second brace 32 and the third non-insertion portion 532 is fixed to the expansion-contraction member 4.

[0034] In the wall structure 1, in a state in which the first attachment portion 2A of the framework 2 and the expansion-contraction members 4 are coupled by the metallic first coupling member 51, one end portion of the first brace 31 is coupled to the expansion-contraction member 4 by the metallic second coupling member 52, and one end portion of the second brace 32 is coupled to the expansion-contraction member 4 by the metallic third coupling member 53. Here, since the first and second braces 31 and 32 are in close contact with the third covering portion 6C fixed to the framework 2 while being coupled to the expansion-contraction members 4, it is possible to increase the strength of the framework structure as compared with a case in which a gap is formed between the first and second braces 31 and 32 and the third covering portion 6C.

[0035] Furthermore, the metallic first coupling member 51 is inserted into the first attachmentside groove 2A1 of the first attachment portion 2A of the wooden framework 2, the metallic second coupling member 52 is inserted into the first brace-side one-end groove 311 of the wooden first brace 31, and the metallic third coupling member 53 is inserted into the second brace-side one-end groove 321 of the wooden second brace 32. In this case, direct exposure of the metallic first coupling member 51, the metallic second coupling member 52, and the metallic third coupling member 53 to flames can be suppressed in the event of fire. As a result, transmission of heat from the flames to the wooden framework 2 and the like through the metallic first coupling member 51, the metallic second coupling member 52, and the metallic third coupling member 53 can be suppressed. This makes it possible to improve fire-resistance performance of the framework structure.

[0036] Furthermore, as illustrated in FIG. 1, the second attachment portion 2B may have a predetermined groove-shaped second attachment-side groove 2B1, and the third attachment portion 2C may have a predetermined groove-shaped third attachment-side groove 2C1. The first brace 31 may have a first brace-side other-end groove 312 having a groove shape and formed at the other end portion on the second attachment portion 2B side. The second brace 32 may have a second brace-side other-end groove 322 having a groove shape and formed at the 9 other end portion on the third attachment portion 2C side. The wall structure 1 may further include a fourth coupling member 54 and a fifth coupling member 55.

[0037] The fourth coupling member 54 is a plate-shaped metallic member that couples the second attachment portion 2B to the first brace 31 so as to be in close contact with each other while the fourth coupling member 54 is inserted into each of the second attachment-side groove 2B1 of the second attachment portion 2B and the first brace-side other-end groove 312 of the first brace 31. The fourth coupling member 54 includes a second attachment-side fixing portion 541 and a first brace-side fixing portion 542. The second attachment-side fixing portion 541 is smaller in cross-sectional area than the first brace 31 and extends from an end face of the first brace 31, the end face being close to the second attachment portion 2B, so as to be inserted into the second attachment-side groove 2B1. The first brace-side fixing portion 542 is smaller in cross-sectional area than the first brace 31 and is inserted into the first brace-side other-end groove 312. The second attachment-side fixing portion 541 is fixed to the second attachment portion 2B in a state in which the end face of the first brace 31, the end face being close to the second attachment portion 2B, and the second attachment portion 2B are in close contact with each other. The fourth coupling member 54 couples the second attachment portion 2B to the first brace 31 so as to be in close contact with each other in a state in which the second attachment-side fixing portion 541 inserted into the second attachment-side groove 2B1 is fixed to the second attachment portion 2B by the drift pins 91 penetrating in the orthogonal direction D3, and the first brace-side fixing portion 542 inserted into the first brace-side other-end groove 312 is fixed to the other end portion of the first brace 31 by the drift pins 91 penetrating in the orthogonal direction D3. In the fourth coupling member 54, when an operation is performed to fix, with the drift pins 91, the second attachment-side fixing portion 541 inserted into the second attachment-side groove 2B1 to the second attachment portion 2B and to fix, with the drift pins 91, the first brace-side fixing portion 542 inserted into the first brace-side other-end groove 312 to the other end portion of the first brace 31, the drift pins 91 are driven in along the orthogonal direction D3 using a tool such as a hammer. Thus, even when no gap is formed between the second attachment portion 2B and the first brace 31 since the second attachment portion 2B and the first brace 31 are in close contact with each other, an operation for fixing with the drift pins 91 can be performed.

[0038] The fifth coupling member 55 is a plate-shaped metallic member that couples the third attachment portion 2C to the second brace 32 so as to be in close contact with each other while the fifth coupling member 55 is inserted into each of the third attachment-side groove 2C1 of the third attachment portion 2C and the second brace-side other-end groove 322 of the second brace 32. The fifth coupling member 55 includes a third attachment-side fixing portion 551 and a second brace-side fixing portion 552. The third attachment-side fixing portion 551 is smaller in cross-sectional area than the second brace 32 and extends from an end face of the second brace 32, the end face being close to the third attachment portion 2C, so as to be inserted into the third attachment-side groove 2C1. The second brace-side fixing portion 552 is smaller in cross- sectional area than the second brace 32 and is inserted into the second brace-side other-end groove 322. The third attachment-side fixing portion 551 is fixed to the third attachment portion 2C in a state in which the end face of the second brace 32, the end face being close to the third attachment portion 2C, and the third attachment portion 2C are in close contact with each other. The fifth coupling member 55 couples the third attachment portion 2C to the second brace 32 so as to be in close contact with each other in a state in which the third attachment-side fixing portion 551 inserted into the third attachment-side groove 2C1 is fixed to the third attachment portion 2C by the drift pins 91 penetrating in the orthogonal direction D3, and the second brace-side fixing portion 552 inserted into the second brace-side other-end groove 322 is fixed to the other end portion of the second brace 32 by the drift pins 91 penetrating in the orthogonal direction D3. In the fifth coupling member 55, when an operation is performed to fix, with the drift pins 91, the third attachment-side fixing portion 551 inserted into the third attachment-side groove 2C1 to the third attachment portion 2C and to fix, with the drift pins 91, the second brace-side fixing portion 552 inserted into the second brace-side other-end groove 322 to the other end portion of the second brace 32, the drift pins 91 are driven in along the orthogonal direction D3 using a tool such as a hammer. Thus, even when no gap is formed between the third attachment portion 2C and the second brace 32 since the third attachment portion 2C and the second brace 32 are in close contact with each other, an operation for fixing with the drift pins 91 can be performed.

[0039] In the wall structure 1, the first brace 31 is in close contact with the second attachment portion 2B in a state in which the second attachment-side fixing portion 541 of the metallic fourth coupling member 54 is inserted into and fixed to the second attachment portion 2B of the framework 2, and the second brace 32 is in close contact with the third attachment portion 2C in a state in which the third attachment-side fixing portion 551 of the metallic fifth coupling member 55 is inserted into and fixed to the third attachment portion 2C of the framework 2. This makes it possible to avoid exposure of the metallic fourth coupling member 54 and the metallic fifth coupling member 55 and to increase the strength of the framework structure as compared with a case in which a gap is formed between the first and second braces 31 and 32 and the framework 2.

[0040] Furthermore, the metallic fourth coupling member 54 is inserted into the second attachment-side groove 2B1 of the second attachment portion 2B of the wooden framework 2 and the first brace-side other-end groove 312 of the wooden first brace 31, and the metallic fifth coupling member 55 is inserted into the third attachment-side groove 2C1 of the third attachment portion 2C of the wooden framework 2 and the second brace-side other-end groove 322 of the wooden second brace 32. In this case, direct exposure of the metallic fourth coupling member 54 and the metallic fifth coupling member 55 to flames can be suppressed in the event of fire. As a result, transmission of heat from the flames to the wooden framework 2 and the like through the metallic fourth coupling member 54 and the metallic fifth coupling member 55 can be suppressed. This makes it possible to improve fire-resistance performance of the framework 11 structure.

[0041] Furthermore, as illustrated in FIG. 1, the wall structure 1 may further include a first reinforcing member 56 and a second reinforcing member 57.

[0042] The first reinforcing member 56 is a plate-shaped metallic member fixed to a side surface of the second attachment portion 2B opposite to the first brace 31 while being fixed to the second attachment-side fixing portion 541 of the fourth coupling member 54. The second reinforcing member 57 is a plate-shaped metallic member fixed to a side surface of the third attachment portion 2C opposite to the second brace 32 while being fixed to the third attachment-side fixing portion 551 of the fifth coupling member 55.

[0043] In the wall structure 1 including the first reinforcing member 56, the metallic first reinforcing member 56 is fixed to the second attachment-side fixing portion 541 inserted into the second attachment portion 2B of the framework 2. Here, the first reinforcing member 56 is provided along the side surface of the second attachment portion 2B of the framework 2 opposite to the first brace 31 while being fixed to the second attachment-side fixing portion 541. In this case, when a relative displacement in the horizontal direction D2 occurs between the pair of horizontal members 22 and the first brace 31 tends to rotate about one end portion thereof on the first attachment portion 2A side in a direction in which the other end portion thereof moves away from the second attachment portion 2B, the first reinforcing member 56 receives a reaction force and can thereby suppress rotation of the first brace 31. This makes it possible to increase the strength of a coupling structure between the second attachment portion 2B of the framework 2 and the first brace 31 via the second attachment-side fixing portion 541.

[0044] In the wall structure 1 including the second reinforcing member 57, the metallic second reinforcing member 57 is fixed to the third attachment-side fixing portion 551 inserted into the third attachment portion 2C of the framework 2. Here, the second reinforcing member 57 is provided along the side surface of the third attachment portion 2C of the framework 2 opposite to the second brace 32 while being fixed to the third attachment-side fixing portion 551. In this case, when a relative displacement in the horizontal direction D2 occurs between the pair of horizontal members 22 and the second brace 32 tends to rotate about one end portion thereof on the first attachment portion 2A side in a direction in which the other end portion thereof moves away from the third attachment portion 2C, the second reinforcing member 57 receives a reaction force and can thereby suppress rotation of the second brace 32. This makes it possible to increase the strength of a coupling structure between the third attachment portion 2C of the framework 2 and the second brace 32 via the third attachment-side fixing portion 551.

[0045] The embodiment of the present invention has been described above, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, the following modified embodiment may be adopted.

[0046] FIG. 3 is a front view of a wall structure 1 according to the modified embodiment, as viewed from the orthogonal direction D3. The wall structure 1 according to the modified embodiment is the same as that of the above embodiment except that the positions of the first 12 attachment portion 2A, the second attachment portion 2B, and the third attachment portion 2C, in the framework 2, along which the first brace 31 and the second brace 32 extend are different. Thus, in the wall structure 1 according to the modified embodiment, a description of portions identical to those of the above embodiment will be omitted, and configurations of different portions will be described in detail.

[0047] In the wall structure 1 according to the modified embodiment, in the framework 2, the first attachment portion 2A is constituted by a central portion, in the vertical direction D1 between the pair of horizontal members 22, of the vertical member 21, which is located on the one side D21 in the horizontal direction D2, out of the pair of vertical members 21. In the framework 2, the second attachment portion 2B is constituted by a portion of the horizontal member 22, which is located on the upper side D12 in the vertical direction D1, out of the pair of horizontal members 22, the portion being adjacent, on the one side D21, to a site to which the vertical member 21, which is located on the other side D22 in the horizontal direction D2, out of the pair of vertical members 21 is connected. In the framework 2, the third attachment portion 2C is constituted by a portion of the horizontal member 22, which is located on the lower side D11 in the vertical direction D1, out of the pair of horizontal members 22, the portion being adjacent, on the one side D21, to a site to which the vertical member 21, which is located on the other side D22 in the horizontal direction D2, out of the pair of vertical members 21 is connected.

[0048] The first brace 31 provided between the first attachment portion 2A and the second attachment portion 2B extends from the first attachment portion 2A toward the second attachment portion 2B while being inclined toward the upper side D12 in the vertical direction D1. The second brace 32 provided between the first attachment portion 2A and the third attachment portion 2C extends from the first attachment portion 2A toward the third attachment portion 2C while being inclined toward the lower side D11 in the vertical direction D1. Then, expansion-contraction members 4 are interposed between the first attachment portion 2A and the first and second braces 31 and 32.

[0049] While the wooden first brace 31 and the wooden second brace 32 extend from the first attachment portion 2A of the framework 2 toward the second attachment portion 2B and the third attachment portion 2C and are exposed on the one side D31 and the other side D32 in the orthogonal direction D3, the expansion-contraction members 4 are covered by the first covering portion 6A, the second covering portion 6B, and the third covering portion 6C from the one side D31 and the other side D32 in the orthogonal direction D3 and a side opposite to the first attachment portion 2A. This makes it possible to make use of the texture of the wooden first brace 31 and the wooden second brace 32 while covering the metallic expansion-contraction members 4.

[0050] Furthermore, since the expansion-contraction members 4 are covered by the first covering portion 6A, the second covering portion 6B, and the third covering portion 6C, direct exposure of the metallic expansion-contraction members 4 to flames can be suppressed in the event of fire. 13 As a result, transmission of heat from the flames to the wooden framework 2, the wooden first brace 31, and the wooden second brace 32 through the metallic expansion-contraction members 4 having high thermal conductivity can be suppressed. This makes it possible to suppress a reduction in the time required for the wooden framework 2 and the like to reach the autoignition temperature in the event of fire, thereby improving fire-resistance performance of the framework structure.

[0051] It should be noted that the above-described specific embodiments mainly include inventions having the following configurations.

[0052] A wall structure according to one aspect of the present invention is a wall structure of a building. This wall structure includes: a framework including a pair of wooden vertical members extending in a predetermined vertical direction and spaced apart from each other in a horizontal direction orthogonal to the vertical direction, and a pair of wooden horizontal members extending in the horizontal direction to connect the pair of vertical members to each other and spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction; a wooden first brace provided between a first attachment portion and a second attachment portion that are relatively displaced with respect to each other in the framework when a relative displacement in the horizontal direction occurs between the pair of horizontal members; a wooden second brace provided between the first attachment portion and a third attachment portion that are relatively displaced with respect to each other in the framework when the relative displacement occurs; metallic expansion-contraction members fixed to the first attachment portion while being interposed between the first attachment portion and the first and second braces, the metallic expansioncontraction members having elasticity that allows elastic deformation in compressive and tensile directions of the first brace and the second brace, the elasticity of the expansion-contraction members being greater than the elasticity in the compressive and tensile directions of the first brace and the second brace; and a covering member including a first covering portion fixed to the framework while exposing the first brace and the second brace on one side in an orthogonal direction orthogonal to the vertical direction and the horizontal direction and while covering the expansion-contraction members from the one side in the orthogonal direction, a second covering portion fixed to the framework while exposing the first brace and the second brace on the other side in the orthogonal direction and while covering the expansion-contraction members from the other side in the orthogonal direction, and a third covering portion fixed to the framework while allowing the first brace and the second brace to extend from the first attachment portion toward the second attachment portion and the third attachment portion and while covering the expansion-contraction members from a side opposite to the first attachment portion.

[0053] According to the wall structure, the wooden first brace and the wooden second brace are fixed to the wooden framework via the metallic expansion-contraction members. Furthermore, the elasticity of the expansion-contraction members is greater than the elasticity of the first brace and the second brace. Thus, compared with a case in which the first brace and the second brace are directly fixed to the framework, it is possible to reduce a tensile load and a compressive load 14 borne by the first brace and the second brace when a relative displacement in the horizontal direction occurs between the pair of horizontal members. This makes it possible to suppress damage to the first brace and the second brace when the relative displacement occurs, thereby facilitating strength design of the framework structure.

[0054] Furthermore, while the wooden first brace and the wooden second brace extend from the first attachment portion of the framework toward the second attachment portion and the third attachment portion and are exposed on the one side and the other side in the orthogonal direction, the expansion-contraction members are covered by the first covering portion, the second covering portion, and the third covering portion from the one side and the other side in the orthogonal direction and a side opposite to the first attachment portion. This makes it possible to make use of the texture of the wooden first brace and the wooden second brace while covering the metallic expansion-contraction members.

[0055] Furthermore, since the expansion-contraction members are covered by the first covering portion, the second covering portion, and the third covering portion, direct exposure of the metallic expansion-contraction members to flames can be suppressed in the event of fire. As a result, transmission of heat from the flames to the wooden framework, the wooden first brace, and the wooden second brace through the metallic expansion-contraction members having high thermal conductivity can be suppressed. This makes it possible to suppress a reduction in the time required for the wooden framework and the like to reach the autoignition temperature in the event of fire, thereby improving fire-resistance performance of the framework structure.

[0056] In the wall structure, the expansion-contraction members may include: a first extension portion that is smaller in cross-sectional area than the first brace and extends from an end face of the first brace, the end face being close to the first attachment portion, toward the first attachment portion; a second extension portion that is smaller in cross-sectional area than the second brace and extends from an end face of the second brace, the end face being close to the first attachment portion, toward the first attachment portion; a first expansion-contraction portion provided between the first extension portion and the first attachment portion; and a second expansion-contraction portion provided between the second extension portion and the first attachment portion. The third covering portion has: a first passage hole that restricts passage of the first brace and allows passage of the first extension portion; and a second passage hole that restricts passage of the second brace and allows passage of the second extension portion.

[0057] According to the wall structure, the third covering portion can be arranged such that the first passage hole is closed by the first brace and the second passage hole is closed by the second brace, thereby covering the metallic expansion-contraction members including the first extension portion, the second extension portion, the first expansion-contraction portion, and the second expansion-contraction portion.

[0058] The wall structure may further include: a metallic second attachment-side fixing portion that is smaller in cross-sectional area than the first brace, extends from an end face of the first brace, the end face being close to the second attachment portion, to be inserted into the second 15 attachment portion, and is fixed to the second attachment portion in a state in which the end face of the first brace, the end face being close to the second attachment portion, and the second attachment portion are in close contact with each other; and a metallic third attachment-side fixing portion that is smaller in cross-sectional area than the second brace, extends from an end face of the second brace, the end face being close to the third attachment portion, to be inserted into the third attachment portion, and is fixed to the third attachment portion in a state in which the end face of the second brace, the end face being close to the third attachment portion, and the third attachment portion are in close contact with each other.

[0059] According to the wall structure, the first brace is in close contact with the second attachment portion in a state in which the metallic second attachment-side fixing portion is inserted into and fixed to the second attachment portion of the framework, and the second brace is in close contact with the third attachment portion in a state in which the metallic third attachment-side fixing portion is inserted into and fixed to the third attachment portion of the framework. This makes it possible to avoid exposure of the metallic second attachment-side fixing portion and the metallic third attachment-side fixing portion and to increase the strength of the framework structure as compared with a case in which a gap is formed between the first and second braces and the framework.

[0060] The wall structure may further include: a metallic first reinforcing member provided along a side surface of the second attachment portion opposite to the first brace and fixed to the second attachment-side fixing portion; and a metallic second reinforcing member provided along a side surface of the third attachment portion opposite to the second brace and fixed to the third attachment-side fixing portion.

[0061] According to the wall structure, the metallic first reinforcing member is fixed to the second attachment-side fixing portion inserted into the second attachment portion of the framework, and the metallic second reinforcing member is fixed to the third attachment-side fixing portion inserted into the third attachment portion of the framework. Here, the first reinforcing member is provided along the side surface of the second attachment portion of the framework opposite to the first brace while being fixed to the second attachment-side fixing portion. In this case, when a relative displacement in the horizontal direction occurs between the pair of horizontal members and the first brace tends to rotate about one end portion thereof on the first attachment portion side in a direction in which the other end portion thereof moves away from the second attachment portion, the first reinforcing member receives a reaction force and can thereby suppress rotation of the first brace. This makes it possible to increase the strength of a coupling structure between the second attachment portion of the framework and the first brace via the second attachment-side fixing portion. Additionally, the second reinforcing member is provided along the side surface of the third attachment portion of the framework opposite to the second brace while being fixed to the third attachment-side fixing portion. In this case, when a relative displacement in the horizontal direction occurs between the pair of horizontal members and the second brace tends to rotate about one end portion thereof on the first attachment portion side in a direction in which the other end portion thereof moves away from the third attachment portion, the second reinforcing member receives a reaction force and can thereby suppress rotation of the second brace. This makes it possible to increase the strength of a coupling structure between the third attachment portion of the framework and the second brace via the third attachment-side fixing portion.

[0062] The wall structure may further include a fire-resistant member that is provided in an accommodation space partitioned by the first covering portion, the second covering portion, and the third covering portion and configured to accommodate the expansion-contraction members, and that surrounds peripheries of the expansion-contraction members.

[0063] According to the wall structure, the fire-resistant member is provided in the accommodation space that is partitioned by the first covering portion, the second covering portion, and the third covering portion and configured to accommodate the expansioncontraction members. In this case, since the fire-resistant member surrounds the peripheries of the metallic expansion-contraction members in the accommodation space, direct exposure of the metallic expansion-contraction members to flames can be more reliably suppressed in the event of fire.

[0064] In the wall structure, the first covering portion, the second covering portion, and the third covering portion may be made of fire-resistant materials.

[0065] According to the wall structure, since the first covering portion, the second covering portion, and the third covering portion that cover the expansion-contraction members are made of fire-resistant materials, direct exposure of the metallic expansion-contraction members to flames can be more reliably suppressed in the event of fire.

[0066] In the wall structure, the covering member may include: a modesty panel including the second covering portion and provided at a position spaced apart from the framework toward the other side in the orthogonal direction; and a space covering member including the third covering portion, and a fourth covering portion extending from the third covering portion toward the other side in the orthogonal direction and covering a space between the framework and the modesty panel from a side opposite to the first attachment portion.

[0067] According to the wall structure, the space covering member for covering the space between the modesty panel and the framework can also serve as the third covering portion for covering the expansion-contraction members.

[0068] In the wall structure, the covering member may include a wall panel extending from an end portion of the space covering member on the one side in the orthogonal direction in a direction approaching the first attachment portion, and including the first covering portion.

[0069] According to the wall structure, the wall panel can also serve as the first covering portion for covering the expansion-contraction members.

Claims

1. A wall structure of a building, the wall structure comprising:a framework including a pair of wooden vertical members extending in a predetermined vertical direction and spaced apart from each other in a horizontal direction orthogonal to the vertical direction, and a pair of wooden horizontal members extending in the horizontal direction to connect the pair of vertical members to each other and spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction;a wooden first brace provided between a first attachment portion and a second attachment portion that are relatively displaced with respect to each other in the framework when a relative displacement in the horizontal direction occurs between the pair of horizontal members;a wooden second brace provided between the first attachment portion and a third attachment portion that are relatively displaced with respect to each other in the framework when the relative displacement occurs;metallic expansion-contraction members fixed to the first attachment portion while being interposed between the first attachment portion and the first and second braces, the metallic expansion-contraction members having elasticity that allows elastic deformation in compressive and tensile directions of the first brace and the second brace, the elasticity of the expansion-contraction members being greater than the elasticity in the compressive and tensile directions of the first brace and the second brace; anda covering member including a first covering portion fixed to the framework while exposing the first brace and the second brace on one side in an orthogonal direction orthogonal to the vertical direction and the horizontal direction and while covering the expansioncontraction members from the one side in the orthogonal direction, a second covering portion fixed to the framework while exposing the first brace and the second brace on the other side in the orthogonal direction and while covering the expansion-contraction members from the other side in the orthogonal direction, and a third covering portion fixed to the framework while allowing the first brace and the second brace to extend from the first attachment portion toward the second attachment portion and the third attachment portion and while covering the expansion-contraction members from a side opposite to the first attachment portion.

2. The wall structure according to claim 1, whereinthe expansion-contraction members include: a first extension portion that is smaller in cross-sectional area than the first brace and extends from an end face of the first brace, the end face being close to the first attachment portion, toward the first attachment portion; a second extension portion that is smaller in cross-sectional area than the second brace and extends from an end face of the second brace, the end face being close to the first attachment portion, toward the first attachment portion; a first expansion-contraction portion provided between the first extension portion and the first attachment portion; and a second expansion-contraction portion 18provided between the second extension portion and the first attachment portion, andthe third covering portion has: a first passage hole that restricts passage of the first brace and allows passage of the first extension portion; and a second passage hole that restricts passage of the second brace and allows passage of the second extension portion.

3. The wall structure according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising:a metallic second attachment-side fixing portion that is smaller in cross-sectional area than the first brace, extends from an end face of the first brace, the end face being close to the second attachment portion, to be inserted into the second attachment portion, and is fixed to the second attachment portion in a state in which the end face of the first brace, the end face being close to the second attachment portion, and the second attachment portion are in close contact with each other; anda metallic third attachment-side fixing portion that is smaller in cross-sectional area than the second brace, extends from an end face of the second brace, the end face being close to the third attachment portion, to be inserted into the third attachment portion, and is fixed to the third attachment portion in a state in which the end face of the second brace, the end face being close to the third attachment portion, and the third attachment portion are in close contact with each other.

4. The wall structure according to claim 3, further comprising:a metallic first reinforcing member provided along a side surface of the second attachment portion opposite to the first brace and fixed to the second attachment-side fixing portion; anda metallic second reinforcing member provided along a side surface of the third attachment portion opposite to the second brace and fixed to the third attachment-side fixing portion.

5. The wall structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising afire-resistant member that is provided in an accommodation space partitioned by the first covering portion, the second covering portion, and the third covering portion and configured to accommodate the expansion-contraction members, and that surrounds peripheries of the expansion-contraction members.

6. The wall structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the firstcovering portion, the second covering portion, and the third covering portion are made of fireresistant materials.

7. The wall structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, whereinthe covering member includes:a modesty panel including the second covering portion and provided at a position spaced apart from the framework toward the other side in the orthogonal direction; anda space covering member including the third covering portion, and a fourth covering portion extending from the third covering portion toward the other side in the orthogonal direction and covering a space between the framework and the modesty panel from a side opposite to the first attachment portion.

8. The wall structure according to claim 7, wherein the covering member includesa wall panel extending from an end portion of the space covering member on the one side in the orthogonal direction in a direction approaching the first attachment portion, and including the first covering portion.

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