An integrated device and method for collecting and analyzing coal and rock particles based on wind sieving

Abstract

The present invention relates to an integrated device and a method for collecting and analyzing coal and rock particles based on wind sieving. The device includes collection, separation, control, and analysis modules. The collection module includes a negative pressure fan for suctioning coal and rock particles; the separation module includes a cyclone separator for gas-solid two-phase separation, wherein the separated gas is discharged through the top gas outlet, while the separated particles settle to the bottom and fall through the bottom outlet onto the dust collection platform; the control module includes a pressure sensing module, a controller, and a gimbal, wherein the pressure sensing module monitors the weight of the particles on the dust collection platform in real time, the controller outputs a control signal to drive the gimbal when the weight of the particles reaches a preset threshold. The gimbal controls the platform to transport the particles to the analysis module. The analysis module includes an explosion-proof chamber and a LIBS detection assembly arranged inside the chamber, which is used for spectrally analyzing particles. The present invention explores the geological composition information carried by the widely existing coal and rock particles during coal mining operations, providing technical support for coal-rock interface detection. ABSTRACTABSTRACTABSTRACT

Description

Field Of The Invention The present invention relates to the field of intelligent coal mining technology; 5 specifically, it involves an integrated device and method for collecting and analyzing coal and rock particles based on wind sieving. Background Of The Invention In the process of intelligent coal mining, Coal-Rock Interface Detection (CID) is a key 10 technology supporting the precise cutting of coal mining machines. However, at fully mechanized mining faces, problems such as dispersed distribution of coal and rock particles, complex operating environments (containing flammable and explosive gases such as methane), and severe dust interference exist. Traditional coal-rock detection methods, such as thermal imaging and radar methods, are heavily environment-dependent and lack 15 the necessary detection accuracy and stability. Object Of The Invention It is an object of the present invention to substantially overcome or ameliorate one or more of the above-mentioned drawbacks, or at least provide a useful alternative. 20 Summary Of The Invention In view of the above, embodiments of the present invention provide an integrated device and method for collecting and analyzing coal and rock particles based on wind sieving. A first aspect of the present invention provides an integrated device for collecting and 25 analyzing coal and rock particles based on wind sieving, wherein the device includes a collection module, a separation module, a control module, and an analysis module, wherein the collection module includes a negative pressure fan, which is interconnected with a cyclone separator, and configured to generate a negative pressure to suction coal and rock particles from a fully mechanized mining face into the cyclone separator, 2026203325   10 Sep 2026 the separation module includes the cyclone separator, whose inlet is connected to the outlet of the negative pressure fan, a dust collection platform is provided under the bottom outlet of the cyclone separator, the cyclone separator is used to achieve gas-solid two-phase separation, the gas is discharged through the gas outlet on the top of the cyclone separator 5 while the coal and rock particles are settled to the bottom of the cyclone separator and fall onto the dust collection platform through the bottom outlet, the control module includes a pressure sensing module, a controller, and a gimbal, wherein the pressure sensing module is used for real-time monitoring of the weight of particles on the dust collection platform, the gimbal includes a horizontal steering engine and 10 a vertical steering engine, which are respectively used to control the horizontal rotation and vertical tilting of the dust collection platform, the dust collection platform is eccentrically arranged on the gimbal, and the controller is used to output a control signal to drive the gimbal when the weight of particles reaches a preset threshold, thereby to control the dust collection platform to transport coal and rock particles to the analysis module, 15       the analysis module includes an explosion-proof chamber and a LIBS detection assembly, wherein the explosion-proof chamber adopts an explosion-proof design meeting safety requirements of methane-enriched underground environments, and is arranged close to the dust collection platform so that when the dust collection platform is controlled to rotate and transport the coal and rock particles to the analysis module, the coal and rock 20 particles enter the explosion-proof chamber and the dust collection platform at least partially enters the explosion-proof chamber; and the LIBS detection assembly is arranged inside the explosion-proof chamber and used for spectrally analyzing coal and rock particles. Another embodiment of the present invention provides an integrated device for collecting and analyzing coal and rock particles based on wind sieving, wherein the device 25 includes a collection module, a separation module, a control module, and an analysis module; the collection module includes a negative pressure fan, which is used for suctioning coal and rock particles; the separation module includes a cyclone separator, the inlet of which is connected to 30 the outlet of the negative pressure fan, a dust collection platform is provided under the bottom outlet of the cyclone separator, the cyclone separator is used to achieve gas-solid two-phase separation, the gas is discharged through the gas outlet on the top of the cyclone separator, while the coal and rock particles are settled to the bottom of the cyclone separator and fall onto the dust collection platform through the bottom outlet; the control module includes a pressure sensing module, a controller, and a gimbal, wherein the pressure sensing module is used for real-time monitoring of the weight of particles on the dust collection platform, the gimbal is used to control the movement of the dust collection platform, and the controller is used to output a control signal to drive the gimbal when the weight of particles reaches a preset threshold, thereby to control the dust collection platform to transport the coal and rock particles to the analysis module; the analysis module includes an explosion-proof chamber and a LIBS (Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy) detection assembly, the LIBS detection assembly is arranged inside the explosion-proof chamber and used for spectrally analyzing coal and rock particles. In the device as described above, optionally, the gimbal includes a horizontal steering engine and a vertical steering engine, which are respectively used to control the horizontal rotation and vertical tilting of the dust collection platform. In the device as described above, optionally, the dust collection platform is eccentrically arranged on the gimbal, and the explosion-proof chamber is arranged close to the dust collection platform so that when the dust collection platform is controlled to rotate and transport the coal and rock particles to the analysis module, the coal and rock particles enter the explosion-proof chamber, and the dust collection platform at least partially enters the explosion-proof chamber. In the device as described above, optionally, an opening is provided on the side of the explosion-proof chamber; a gap exists between the top surface of the dust collection platform and the upper edge of the opening, and the gap is used for the upper edge to flatten the coal and rock particles as they pass through the opening. In the device as described above, optionally, the cyclone separator is connected to the negative pressure fan through a plastic air duct, which is sealed with a hose clamp and a rubber ring; the controller has a built-in explosion-proof circuit. In the device as described above, optionally, the blade angular velocity of the negative pressure fan is set to 20 rad / s so that the airflow velocity at the outlet of the negative pressure fan stably reaches 5 m / s. In the device as described above, optionally, the cyclone separator is made of stainless steel, and its inner wall is sprayed with a polytetrafluoroethylene coating. In the device as described above, optionally, the LIBS detection assembly includes a laser, a spectrometer, and an integrated control unit, wherein the laser is an Nd:YAG laser with a wavelength of 1064 nm, which has a pulse frequency of 10 Hz and a single pulse energy of 10 mJ. The detection wavelength range of the spectrometer covers 200-800 nm, and the spectrometer is used for capturing the characteristic spectral lines of coal and rock particles, specifically C I 247.86 nm, N I 746.8 nm, Si I 288.16 nm, Ca II 396.8 nm. To achieve the aforementioned objective, a second aspect of the present invention provides a method for collecting and analyzing coal and rock particles using the device according to any one of the aforementioned first aspect. In the method as described above, optionally, the method includes the following steps: start the negative pressure fan to suction the coal and rock particles from the fully mechanized mining face, so that the coal and rock particles follow the airflow to enter the cyclone separator via the air duct; within the cyclone separator, the airflow rotates at a speed of 5 m / s, which uses centrifugal force for gas-solid separation; the separated gas is discharged from the gas outlet at the top of the cyclone separator, and the separated particles settle to the bottom of the cyclone separator and fall onto the dust collection platform from the bottom outlet; the pressure sensing module monitors the weight of particles on the dust collection platform in real time and sends a trigger signal to the controller when the weight of particles reaches a preset threshold; the controller, upon receiving the trigger signal, outputs a control signal to drive the horizontal steering engine of the gimbal to rotate, so that the dust collection platform carries the particles towards the opening of the explosion-proof chamber, and during the rotation of the dust collection platform, the particles are flattened by the gap between the top surface of the dust collection platform and the upper edge of the opening of the explosion-proof chamber; once the dust collection platform reaches a designated position, the LIBS detection assembly is triggered, the laser emits laser light to excite the particles to generate plasma, and the spectrometer collects spectral data in the 200-800 nm wavelength range, thus complete multi-point detection; after the multi-point detection is completed, the gimbal’s vertical steering engine is started, dump the residual particles from the dust collection platform, then the horizontal and vertical steering engines reset, and the device enters the next cycle of collection and analysis. The integrated device for collecting and analyzing coal and rock particles based on wind sieving of the present invention explores the geological composition information carried by coal and rock particles widely existing during coal mining operations, thereby providing technical support for coal-rock interface detection. The present invention further provides a coal and rock particle collection and analysis method based on the above-mentioned device, and therefore the method also has the same advantages. Brief Description Of The Drawings Referencing the drawings, the disclosure of the present invention will become more apparent. It should be understood that these drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In the drawings: FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the integrated device for collecting and analyzing coal and rock particles based on wind sieving; FIG. 2 is a flow schematic diagram of an embodiment of the coal and rock particle collection and analysis method; FIG. 3A is a contour plot of total pressure drop distribution for the cyclone separator in a simulation experiment of the integrated device for collecting and analyzing coal and rock particles based on wind sieving; FIG. 3B is a schematic diagram of particle motion trajectory of the cyclone separator in FIG. 3A; FIG. 3C is a schematic diagram of particle velocity in the cyclone separator in FIG. 3A; FIG. 4 is a LIBS spectral detection results diagram of an embodiment of the coal and rock particle collection and analysis method. Reference numerals: 1 - negative pressure fan; 2 - cyclone separator; 3 - pressure sensing module; 4 - gimbal; 5 - explosion-proof chamber. Detailed Description Of The Embodiment(s) Of The Invention Referring to the drawings and specific embodiments, the structure, composition, characteristics, and advantages of the integrated device and method for collecting and analyzing coal and rock particles based on wind sieving according to the present invention will be described by way of example. However, all descriptions shall not limit the invention in any form. Moreover, for any individual technical features described or implied in the embodiments mentioned herein, or any individual technical features shown or implied in the accompanying drawings, the present invention still allows for arbitrary combinations or deletions between these technical features (or their equivalents) without any technical barriers. As such, it should be considered that these more embodiments according to the present invention are also within the scope of the claimed disclosure. It is also to be noted that terms such as “upper”, “lower”, “top”, “bottom”, “side” etc., indicating orientation or position relationships are based on the orientation or position relationship of components in the embodiment of the integrated device for collecting and analyzing coal and rock particles based on wind sieving as shown in the drawings. They are primarily for facilitating the description and simplification of the disclosure and not intended to indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation or operate. Accordingly, they shall not be construed as limiting this disclosure. FIG. 1 is a structural schematic of an embodiment of the integrated device for collecting and analyzing coal and rock particles based on wind sieving of the present invention. The device includes four modules: collection, separation, control, and analysis. FIG. 1 shows the negative pressure fan 1 of the collection module, the cyclone separator 2 of the separation module, the pressure sensing module 3 and the gimbal 4 of the control module, and the explosion-proof chamber 5 of the analysis module. In this embodiment, the outlet of the negative pressure fan 1 is connected to the inlet of the cyclone separator 2 by an air duct; under the bottom outlet of the cyclone separator 2 is the dust collection platform, with the pressure sensing module 3 mounted on the dust collection platform to detect the weight of particles on it; the gimbal 4 is mounted below the dust collection platform, which is controlled by steering engines. In this exemplary embodiment, a Stairmand-type cyclone separator is chosen, with a cylindrical upper part and a conical lower part. It includes an inlet connected to the negative pressure fan 1, a gas outlet at the top, and a particle outlet at the bottom, wherein the gas outlet is an exhaust pipe inserted into the cyclone separator 2. Dust-containing gas enters the cyclone separator 2 from the inlet, forming a helical motion in the cylindrical section. Centrifugal force pushes particles toward the wall, causing them to fall along the wall and into the bottom of the conical section. Exemplary structural parameters include: inlet width of 25 mm, inlet height of 55 mm, cylindrical section height of 160 mm, conical section height of 320 mm, gas outlet diameter of 50 mm, gas outlet insertion depth of 100 mm, cylindrical section diameter of 120 mm, particle outlet diameter of 50 mm. These structural parameters are determined by CFD-DPM simulation optimization. Preferably, the inlet airflow velocity of the cyclone separator 2 is maintained at 5 m / s. This is because, through simulation analysis, it is found that when the cyclone separator 2 operates at an inlet airflow velocity of 5 m / s, its separation efficiency can reach more than 95%, with a total pressure drop of only 35.7 Pa, which prevents the re-suspension of particles. It achieves an optimal balance between high separation efficiency and low pressure drop, effectively realizing efficient gas-solid separation. Furthermore, to improve particle collection efficiency, a material deposition bin with a conical bottom structure is added below the conical section of the cyclone separator 2 to facilitate centralized particle deposition. After the particles fall along the wall to the bottom of the conical section, they enter the material deposition bin and then can fall from the bottom outlet of the material deposition bin onto the dust collection platform. Preferably, the material deposition bin is made of stainless steel, with its inner wall sprayed with a polytetrafluoroethylene coating, so as to reduce particle adhesion and facilitate centralized particle deposition. As shown in FIG. 1, the negative pressure fan 1 includes a housing, an inlet, an outlet, and blade assembly. Exemplarily, the customized negative pressure fan 1 adopted in this embodiment has an inlet diameter of 340 mm, an outlet size of 300 mm x 390 mm, is equipped with 12 blades of 210 mm x 108 mm, a blade assembly diameter of 560 mm, a housing diameter of 880 mm, and a housing thickness of 300 mm. Preferably, the rotational angular velocity of the negative pressure fan 1 blades is set to 20 rad / s to ensure that the outlet airflow velocity is stably controlled at 5 m / s, enabling efficient suction of coal and rock particles while avoiding the re-entrainment of particles caused by excessive airflow velocity and meeting the inlet airflow velocity requirements of the cyclone separator 2. Preferably, the negative pressure fan 1 and the cyclone separator 2 are interconnected by a plastic air duct, with a hose clamp fastening the dust interface and a rubber ring added to enhance airtightness, preventing methane leakage, and adapting to coal mining operational environments. As depicted in FIG. 1, beneath the cyclone separator 2 is the dust collection platform, equipped with a pressure sensing module 3 for real-time monitoring of the weight of particles collected on it. Beneath the dust collection platform is a common two-axis gimbal 4 with a horizontal steering engine below and a vertical steering engine. The gimbal 4’s two steering engines independently control the horizontal and vertical rotation of the dust collection platform. The control module of this device also includes a controller not shown in FIG. 1. In an exemplary embodiment, an Arduino controller is used, paired with a bridge-type pressure sensor and a 24-bit A / D conversion chip HX711. Specifically, a horizontally placed disk can serve as the dust collection platform, with the bridge-type pressure sensor mounted underneath the platform and connected to it to detect the weight of particles on it in real time. The HX711 module links the sensor to the Arduino controller, transmitting collected pressure signals to the controller. When detecting the weight of particles on the dust collection platform reaches a preset threshold, such as 100 g, the controller outputs a PWM signal to actuate the gimbal 4. The dust collection platform is eccentrically mounted on the gimbal 4, for example, via bolts, which ensures that as the steering engines of the gimbal rotate, the dust collection platform rotates synchronously. Horizontal rotation can transport particles while vertical rotation can dump them. When the dust collection platform is in its initial position, the bottom outlet of the cyclone separator 2 is directly above the outer area of the platform, which has a larger rotation radius and can transport the particles falling on it to the analysis module through horizontal rotation. Preferably, the controller incorporates an explosion-proof circuit to meet the safety requirements of environments rich in methane (methane volume concentration of 4%-14%). Additionally, the controller transmits pressure data to a computer via serial communication to achieve closed-loop control of particle weight monitoring and gimbal 4 actuation. As shown in FIG. 1, the explosion-proof chamber 5 is arranged close to the dust collection platform, internally integrating a LIBS detection assembly not shown in FIG. 1. Here is a description of the specific position of the explosion-proof chamber 5 not shown in FIG. 1. One side of the explosion-proof chamber 5 near the dust collection platform features an opening, with the opening height aligned closely to the dust collection platform. The height difference between its upper and lower edges is slightly greater than the platform’s thickness, allowing the dust collection platform to rotate horizontally and enable the aforementioned outer area to enter the explosion-proof chamber 5 through the opening. A gap which can be ranging from 1-3mm, for example set at 2mm, exists between the top surface of the dust collection platform and the upper edge of the opening. This gap flattens coal and rock particles by extrusion as the particles pass through the opening, enhancing the uniformity of sample density during LIBS detection and reducing spectral signal fluctuations. The explosion-proof chamber 5 adopts an explosion-proof design, meeting the safety requirements of methane-enriched underground environments. Exemplarily, the LIBS detection assembly includes: a laser, a spectrometer, and an integrated control unit; wherein the laser is an Nd:YAG laser with a wavelength of 1064 nm, a pulse frequency of 10 Hz, and a single-pulse energy of 100 mJ. The detection wavelength range of the spectrometer covers 200-800 nm, accurately capturing characteristic spectral lines of coal and rock particles, such as C I 247.86 nm, N I 746.8 nm, Si I 288.16 nm, and Ca II 396.8 nm, enabling rapid recognition of coal-rock compositions. Once particles are flattened and transported into the explosion-proof chamber 5, the laser emits laser light to ablate the particles to generate plasma, and the spectrometer captures characteristic spectral lines, such as C I 247.86 nm for coal and Si I 288.16 nm and Ca II 396.8 nm for gangue. Through spectral analysis, coal-rock composition recognition is realized, providing dynamic feedback of the coal-rock interface to the mining machine, and aiding intelligent mining. In summary, the device integrates collection, separation, control, and analysis into a single system that uses pressure sensing and two-axis gimbal linkage to achieve quantitative transport of particles, automatic flattening, and spectral detection without manual intervention, enhancing operational efficiency. Further, the device overall adopts a negative pressure airtight and explosion-proof design, including the aforementioned sealed air duct, explosion-proof circuit, and explosion-proof chamber 5 to adapt to methane-enriched underground environments, and reduce safety risks. FIG. 2 depicts a flow schematic diagram of an embodiment of the coal and rock particle collection and analysis method of the present invention. In FIG. 2, ovals represent start / end, rectangles represent operational steps, and diamonds indicate judgment nodes. As shown in FIG. 2, the method includes the following steps: Step S1, Start the device, proceed to Step S2; Step S2, Use the negative pressure fan 1 and cyclone separator 2 to suction and separate coal and rock particles, then proceed to Step S3; Step S3, Use a weighing sensor, i.e., the pressure sensing module 3, to measure the weight of coal and rock particles and determine if their weight reaches the threshold T; if so, proceed to Step S4, otherwise, return to Step S2; Step S4, Transport particles via gimbal 4, then proceed to Step S5; Step S5, Perform spectral analysis on the particles inside the explosion-proof chamber 5, then proceed to Step S6; Step S6, Upon completing detection, dump residual particles and reset the device to commence the next round of collection and analysis. In Step S2, the negative pressure fan 1 suctions coal and rock particles from the fully mechanized mining face, with the particles entering the cyclone separator 2 via the sealed air duct along with the airflow. Inside the cyclone separator 2, the airflow forms a helical motion, utilizing centrifugal force to throw the particles toward the device walls, where they descend to the bottom. The separated clean gas is discharged from the gas outlet at the top, achieving gas-solid separation. Preferably, the rotational angular velocity of negative pressure fan 1 blades is set to 20 rad / s, efficiently suction coal and rock particles while avoiding particle re-entrainment due to excessively high airflow velocity; within the cyclone separator 2, the airflow rotates at 5 m / s, achieving an optimal balance between high separation efficiency and low-pressure drop. In Step S3, the descending coal and rock particles fall onto the dust collection platform, while the pressure sensing module 3 monitors the collected the weight of particles in real-time. When the weight reaches the preset threshold T (adjustable as needed, e.g., 100g), it sends a trigger signal to the controller. Optionally, the controller can transmit pressure data via serial communication to a computer for closed-loop monitoring. In Step S4, upon receiving the trigger signal, the controller outputs a PWM signal to drive the gimbal 4’s horizontal steering engine to rotate, turning the dust collection platform with the carried particles towards the entry of the explosion-proof chamber 5. Between the upper edge of the entry of the explosion-proof chamber 5 and the top surface of the dust collection platform is a gap (e.g., 2mm). Particles are squeezed by this gap during rotation before entering chamber 5, flattening them to enhance the uniformity of sample density during subsequent LIBS detection and reduce spectral signal fluctuation. In Step S5, once the dust collection platform rotates to a specific angle, it stops, with the coal and rock particles being carried into the explosion-proof chamber 5. The LIBS detection assembly is triggered, the laser ablates the flattened particles at multiple points, and the spectrometer collects spectral data in the 200-800 nm wavelength range, thus complete multi-point detection. LIBS technology exhibits stable operation potential under harsh environments like dust, vibration, and fog, enabling the method to obtain stable and reliable coal-rock boundary information in complex, dynamic underground coal mining environments. In Step S6, after the analysis is completed, the horizontal steering engine of the gimbal 4 rotates the dust collection platform to an open area, the vertical steering engine controls the dust collection platform to rotate vertically to dump residual particles from the platform, the vertical steering engine then resets, restoring the dust collection platform to its horizontal state. Subsequently, the horizontal steering engine resets, returning the platform to its initial position to continue collecting particles falling from the cyclone separator 2, and the device enters into the next cycle of collection and analysis. FIG. 3A, FIG. 3B, and FIG. 3C are respectively the total pressure drop distribution contour plot, particle motion trajectory diagram, and particle velocity diagram of the cyclone separator during a simulation experiment of the integrated device for coal and rock particle collection and analysis based on wind sieving. The three figures above are axial cross-sectional view of a Stairmand-type cyclone separator, where solid lines indicate the sedimentation path of particles sliding downward along the wall to the bottom outlet. The parameters of the separator are set as follows: inlet width of 25 mm, inlet height of 55 mm, cylindrical section height of 160 mm, conical section height of 320 mm, gas outlet diameter of 50 mm, gas outlet insertion depth of 100 mm, cylindrical section diameter of 120mm, and particle outlet diameter of 50 mm. During the coal mining process, coal and surrounding rocks (gangue) are fragmented into particles of various size ranges due to multiple forces such as mechanical crushing, shearing, and impacting forces. Typically, larger particles settle more quickly; thus, this simulation experiment primarily analyzes fine particles with a diameter of 1 mm and below, with the simulated particle diameter range being 1-1000^m. FIG. 3A illustrates a simulation result of total pressure drop for anthracite particles at an inlet velocity of 5 m / s, the total pressure drop value at the gas outlet sampling point is 35.7 Pa, indicating that the total pressure drop of the separator under this working condition is 35.7 Pa. FIG. 3B shows the spiral trajectory of particle residence time under the same working condition; the whole process from the inlet to the outlet takes only 0.639s, and no secondary entrainment occurs. FIG. 3C shows the variation of velocity magnitude during the particle descent, where the particle velocity gradually decreases to zero at the bottom of the separator. Additionally, the parameters of the aforementioned cyclone separator 2 are adaptable to coal and rock particles of varying sizes (1-1000 ^m), making it suitable for the dust environment of complex mining areas. Furthermore, simulation analyses can also be performed on the negative pressure fan 1. In Ansys Fluent, a multiphase flow model is adopted to simulate the process of suctioning dust particles from the environment and discharging them through the outlet. The fluid flow module is used to import the negative pressure fan 1’s geometric model. After completing the mesh generation, the multiphase flow module is added, with the boundary condition set to ‘inlet’ and the outlet boundary condition set to ‘trap’ type. To simulate the influence of blade rotation on the flow field, dynamic mesh function is also enabled. Under the condition that the blade angular velocity is set to 20 rad / s, and inlet velocity is 0, after being agitated by the fan, the outlet velocity can reach approximately 5 m / s, which can meet the operational requirements of the cyclone separator. FIG. 4 is a LIBS spectral detection result diagram of an embodiment of the coal and rock particle collection and analysis method. In FIG. 4, the abscissa represents wavelengths, covering the range 200-800 nm, and the ordinate illustrates spectral intensity in units of counts. In the figure, different colors are used to distinguish spectral curves of coal and gangue. It can be clearly seen that coal and gangue exhibit significant differences in spectral characteristics. The use of the characteristic spectral lines (C I 247.86 nm, N I 746.8 nm, Si I 288.16 nm, and Ca II 396.8 nm) verifies the feasibility of spectral-based component recognition and analysis. Several embodiments of the present invention aim to solve the problem of poor adaptability of traditional collection and analysis methods caused by dispersed distribution of coal-rock particles and complex operational environments (with flammable and 10 15 explosive gases such as methane) in fully mechanized mining faces. The device integrates negative pressure fan 1, cyclone separator 2, pressure sensing module 3, two-axis gimbal, and explosion-proof chamber 5, adopting wind sieving principles and CFD-DPM simulation optimized design. On the premise of ensuring negative pressure tightness and explosion-proof safety, it achieves efficient coal-rock particle collection (with a separation efficiency over 95%), quantitative transportation, and automatic spectral analysis. The pressure sensor triggers the linkage of the two-axis to accurately transport particles to the explosion-proof chamber 5 for LIBS spectral detection. This provides dynamic feedback for intelligent coal-rock recognition and intelligent mining, presenting advantages of compact structure, reliable safety, and strong adaptability, being suitable for coal-rock interface detection scenes in complex mining area environments. The technical scope of the present invention is not confined solely to the content disclosed in the above specification; a person skilled in the art could execute numerous modifications and alterations to the aforementioned embodiments without departing from the technical thought of the present invention, while all those modifications and alternations shall be considered within the present invention’s scope.

Claims

1. An integrated device for collecting and analyzing coal and rock particles based on wind sieving, wherein the device includes a collection module, a separation module, a control module, and an analysis module, whereinthe collection module includes a negative pressure fan, which is interconnected with a cyclone separator, and configured to generate a negative pressure to suction coal and rock particles from a fully mechanized mining face into the cyclone separator;the separation module includes the cyclone separator, whose inlet is connected to the outlet of the negative pressure fan, a dust collection platform is provided under the bottom outlet of the cyclone separator, the cyclone separator is used to achieve gas-solid two-phase separation, the gas is discharged through the gas outlet on the top of the cyclone separator while the coal and rock particles are settled to the bottom of the cyclone separator and fall onto the dust collection platform through the bottom outlet;the control module includes a pressure sensing module, a controller, and a gimbal, wherein the pressure sensing module is used for real-time monitoring of the weight of particles on the dust collection platform, the gimbal includes a horizontal steering engine and a vertical steering engine, which are respectively used to control the horizontal rotation and vertical tilting of the dust collection platform, the dust collection platform is eccentrically arranged on the gimbal, and the controller is used to output a control signal to drive the gimbal when the weight of particles reaches a preset threshold, thereby to control the dust collection platform to transport coal and rock particles to the analysis module;the analysis module includes an explosion-proof chamber and a LIBS detection assembly, wherein the explosion-proof chamber adopts an explosion-proof design meeting safety requirements of methane-enriched underground environments, and is arranged close to the dust collection platform so that when the dust collection platform is controlled to rotate and transport the coal and rock particles to the analysis module, the coal and rock particles enter the explosion-proof chamber and the dust collection platform at least partially enters the explosion-proof chamber; and the LIBS detection assembly is arranged inside the explosion-proof chamber and used for spectrally analyzing coal and rock particles.

2. The device according to claim 1, wherein an opening is provided on the side of the2026203325   10 Sep 2026explosion-proof chamber, a gap exists between the top surface of the dust collection platform and the upper edge of the opening, and the gap is used for the upper edge to flatten the coal and rock particles as they pass through the opening.

3. The device according to claim 1, wherein the cyclone separator is connected to the negative pressure fan through a plastic air duct, which is sealed with a hose clamp and a rubber ring;the controller has a built-in explosion-proof circuit.

4. The device according to claim 1, wherein the blade angular velocity of the negative pressure fan is set at 20 rad / s, so that the airflow velocity at the outlet of the negative pressure fan stably reaches 5 m / s.

5. The device according to claim 1, wherein the cyclone separator is made of stainless steel, and its inner wall is sprayed with a polytetrafluoroethylene coating.

6. The device according to claim 1, wherein the LIBS detection assembly includes a laser, a spectrometer, and an integrated control unit, wherein the laser is an Nd:YAG laser with a wavelength of 1064 nm, which has a pulse frequency of 10 Hz and a single pulse energy of 10 mJ; the detection wavelength range of the spectrometer is 200-800 nm, and the spectrometer is used for capturing characteristic spectral lines of coal and rock particles, including C I 247.86nm, N I 746.8nm, Si I 288.16nm, Ca II 396.8nm.

7. A method for collecting and analyzing coal and rock particles based on the device according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the method includes the following steps:start the negative pressure fan to suction coal and rock particles from the fully mechanized mining face, so that the coal and rock particles follow the airflow to enter the cyclone separator via the air duct;within the cyclone separator, the airflow rotates at a speed of 5 m / s, which uses centrifugal force for gas-solid separation, the separated gas is discharged from the gas outlet at the top of the cyclone separator, and the separated particles settle to the bottom of the cyclone separator and fall onto the dust collection platform from the bottom outlet;the pressure sensing module monitors the weight of particles on the dust collection platform in real-time and sends a trigger signal to the controller when the weight of particles2026203325   10 Sep 2026reaches the preset threshold,the controller, upon receiving the trigger signal, outputs a control signal to drive the horizontal steering engine of the gimbal to rotate, so that the dust collection platform carries the particles towards the opening of the explosion-proof chamber, and during the rotation of the dust collection platform, the particles are flattened by the gap between the top surface of the dust collection platform and the upper edge of the opening of the explosion-proof chamber;once the dust collection platform reaches a designated position, the LIBS detection assembly is triggered, the laser emits laser light to excite particles to generate plasma, and the spectrometer collects spectral data in the 200-800 nm wavelength range, thus complete multi-point detection;after the multi-point detection is completed, start the gimbal’s vertical steering engine, dump the residual particles from the dust collection platform, then reposition the horizontal and vertical steering engine, and the device enters the next cycle of collection and analysis.

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