A TEST METHOD FOR THE ABSORPTION PERFORMANCE OF WATER-BASED LIQUID TOXIC AND HARMFUL SUBSTANCES (HNS)

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of the absorption of harmful and toxic substances and relates in particular to a test method for the absorption performance of water-based liquid toxic and toxic substances (HNS). The test method provided by the invention enables a comprehensive investigation of the performance of absorbent materials against liquid harmful and toxic substances based on four aspects: the time-dependent change of the absorption mass factor, the absorption rate, the displacement dehydration rate, and the evaporation rate of the liquid harmful and toxic substances. The test method provided by the present invention enables an accurate and effective evaluation of the absorption performance of the materials and thus serves as a guide for their practical application.

Description

2 Both existing adsorption materials involve physical reactions, which is why desorption of the HNS impurities also takes place during adsorption, leading to insufficient pollutant removal. Adsorption materials that react chemically with HNS impurities achieve better results in combating HNS contamination.5 However, there are currently no good test methods for evaluating the performance of absorption materials, which means that a precise evaluation and guidance for their use is lacking. Description of the Invention The aim of the present invention is to provide a test method for the absorption performance 10 of water-based liquid toxic and harmful substances (HNS),which enables an accurate and effective evaluation of the absorption performance of absorbent materials and thus supports their practical application. To achieve this goal, the following technical concept is offered: 15 The invention provides a test method for the absorption performance of water-based liquid toxic and harmful substances (HNS), which comprises the following steps. The absorbent material is immersed in the liquid toxic and harmful substances to determine the difference in mass before and after absorption at 20 different absorption times. Based on the difference in mass before and after absorption, as well as the mass of the material before absorption, the absorption mass factor is calculated, where the absorption time is used as an independent variable and the absorption mass factor as a dependent variable.to obtain the change in the absorption mass factor over time. BE2025 / 5526 3 Based on the difference in mass before and after absorption as well as absorption time, the absorption rate of the material is determined. The absorption time is used as an independent variable and the absorption rate as a dependent variable to obtain the change in the absorption rate of the material over time.5 The water-saturated absorbent material is immersed in a mixed solution containing liquid toxic and harmful substances. The mixed solution consists of liquid toxic and harmful substances as well as salt water; based on the mass of the material before water saturation, the saturated mass, the volume of the salt water before and after absorption as well as the density of the liquid toxic and harmful substances, the absorption rate of the material is determined. The absorbent material is immersed in the liquid toxic and harmful substances until saturation.so that saturated absorbent material is formed. This saturated absorbent material is shut down for a period of time. The initial mass of the saturated absorbent material is recorded as m1. Throughout the entire time, the mass of the saturated absorbent material is measured at equal time intervals. The sum of the mass changes at the same time intervals over the entire duration is determined. Based on the time and the summed mass changes, the evaporation rate of the liquid toxic and harmful substances in the absorbent material is determined. Preferably, the absorption mass factor of the absorbent material is calculated according to Formula 1: Absorption mass factor = Formula 2. Preferably, the absorption rate of the absorbent material is calculated according to Formula 2: Absorption rate = Formula 2. Preferably, the absorption rate of the absorbent material is calculated according to Formula 3: 5 Absorption rate () = × 100% Formula 3; In Formula 3: m1 is the mass of the absorbent material before water absorption,m2 the mass of the water-saturated absorbent material, V1 the volume of the salt solution in the mixed solution with liquid toxic and harmful substances before absorption, V2 the volume of the salt solution in the mixed solution with 10 liquid toxic and harmful substances after absorption, and ρ the density of the ρ liquid toxic and harmful substances. Preferably, the evaporation rate of the liquid toxic and harmful substances of the adsorption material is calculated according to Formula 4: Evaporation rate = ∑ (!")# $ Formula 4;15 In Formula 4: ii is a positive integer ≥ 3, t is the total time, n-1 is the mass of the adsorption material at the beginning of the time interval, mn is the mass at the end of the time interval. Preferably, the liquid toxic and harmful substances comprise one or more of the following substances: vegetable oil, benzene, and styrene.20 Preferably, the shape of the adsorption material is a cuboid. BE2025 / 5526 5 Preferably, the dimensions of the adsorption material are length × width × thickness 10 cm × 10 cm × 1 cm. Preferably, the mass fraction of sodium chloride in the salt water is 3,5%. Preferably, 7 and 60 minutes. The present invention provides a test method for the absorption performance of 5 water-based liquid toxic and harmful substances (HNS) on water surfaces, comprising the following steps: Immersion of absorbent material into the liquid toxic and harmful substance for absorption, wherein the mass differences before and after absorption are determined at different absorption times; Calculation of the 10 absorption mass factor of the material based on the mass difference and the initial mass of the material before absorption, wherein the absorption time is used as an independent variable and the absorption mass factor as a dependent variable to obtain the temporal change of the absorption mass factor; Calculation of the absorption rate based on the 15 mass difference and the absorption time, wherein the absorption time is used as an independent variable and the absorption rate as a dependent variable.to determine the change in absorption rate over time; The water-saturated absorbent material is immersed in a mixed solution containing liquid toxic and harmful substances; The mixed solution consists of the 20 liquid toxic and harmful substances and salt water; Calculation of the absorption rate of the material based on the mass of the material before water absorption, the mass of the water-saturated material, the volume of the salt water before and after absorption, and the density of the liquid toxic and harmful substance; Production of the absorption-saturated material by immersing the absorbent material in the liquid toxic and harmful substance until saturation; Storage of the absorption-saturated material at rest for a period of time,where the initial mass is m1 and the mass changes are recorded and summed at equal time intervals over the entire duration of BE2025 / 5526 6; the evaporation rate of the liquid toxic and harmful substance from the absorbent material is determined based on the total duration and the summed mass changes. The test method provided by the invention enables a comprehensive investigation of the performance of absorbent materials against excess harmful and toxic substances based on four aspects: the time-dependent change in the absorption mass factor, the absorption rate, the absorption retention rate, and the evaporation rate of the liquid harmful and toxic substances. The test method provided by the present invention enables an accurate and effective evaluation of the absorption performance of the materials and thus serves as a guide for their practical application. Description of the drawings: Fig. 1 shows in embodiment 1 of the invention the relationship between the absorption mass factor and the absorption time for material A.MaterialBund15 MaterialC for soybean oil. Fig. 2 shows in embodiment 1 of the invention the test results of the absorption rates of Material A, MaterialBundMaterialC for benzene. Fig. 3 shows in embodiment 1 of the invention the test results of the absorption rates of Material A, MaterialBundMaterialC for styrene. 20 Detailed embodiment The invention provides a test method for the absorption performance of water-based liquid toxic and harmful substances (HNS), which comprises the following steps: BE2025 / 5526 7 The absorbent material is immersed in the liquid toxic and harmful substances in order to determine the difference in mass before and after absorption at different absorption times; Based on the difference in mass before and after absorption, as well as the mass of the material before absorption, the absorption mass factor 5 is calculated, where the absorption time is used as an independent variable and the absorption mass factor as a dependent variable.To obtain the temporal change of the absorption mass factor; based on the difference in mass before and after absorption as well as absorption time, the absorption rate of the material is determined. The absorption time is used as an independent variable and the absorption rate as a dependent variable to obtain the temporal change of the absorption rate of the material; The water-saturated absorbent material is immersed in a mixed solution containing liquid toxic and harmful substances; the mixed solution consists of 15 liquid toxic and harmful substances and salt water; based on the mass of the material before water saturation, the saturated mass, the volume of the salt water before and after absorption, and the density of the liquid toxic and harmful substances, the absorption rate of the material is determined; 20 The absorbent material is immersed in the liquid toxic and harmful substances until saturation,so that saturated absorbent material is formed. This saturated absorbent material is shut down for a period of time. The mass of the saturated absorbent material at the beginning is recorded as m1. Throughout the entire time, the mass 25 of the saturated absorbent material is measured at equal time intervals. The sum of the mass changes in the equal time intervals over the entire duration is determined. Based on the time and the summed mass changes, the evaporation rate of the liquid toxic and harmful substances in the absorbent material is determined. The absorbent material in the present invention is immersed in the liquid toxic and harmful substances in order to determine the difference in mass before and after absorption at different absorption times; based on the mass before and after absorption as well as the mass of the material before absorption, the absorption mass factor is calculated, whereby the absorption time is used as an independent variable and the absorption mass factor as a dependent variable.to obtain the temporal change of the absorption mass factor. In the present invention, the liquid toxic and harmful substances comprise in particular one or more of the following substances: vegetable oil, benzene, and styrene. The preferred shape of the present absorption material sample is a cuboid. The preferred dimensions of the present absorption material sample are length × width × thickness 10 cm × 10 cm × 1 cm. In a specific embodiment of the invention, the different absorption times are preferably 3 min, 5 min, 10 min, 20 min, 30 min, 45 min, and 60 min. In the present invention, the absorption mass factor of the 20 absorption material is calculated according to Formula 1: Absorption mass factor = Formula 1. The absorption material in the present invention is immersed in the liquid toxic and harmful substances,to determine the difference in mass before and after absorption at different absorption times; Based on the difference in mass before and after absorption, as well as the initial mass of the material before absorption, the absorption rate is calculated, whereby the absorption time is used as an independent variable and the absorption rate as a dependent variable to obtain the change in the absorption rate over time. In the present invention, the liquid toxic and harmful substances comprise, in particular, one or more of the following substances: vegetable oil, benzene, and styrene. The preferred shape of the present absorption material sample is a cuboid. The preferred dimensions of the present absorption material sample are length × width × thickness 10 cm × 10 cm × 1 cm. In a specific embodiment of the invention, the Different absorption times preferred: 3 min, 5 min, 10 min, 20 min, 30 min45 min and 60 min. In the present invention, the absorption rate of the absorbent material is calculated according to Formula 2: Absorption rate = Formula 2. The water-saturated absorbent material in the present invention is immersed in a mixed solution containing liquid toxic and harmful substances; the mixed solution consists of liquid toxic and harmful substances and salt water; based on the mass of the material before water saturation, the saturated mass, the volume of the salt water before and after absorption, and the density of the liquid toxic and harmful substances, the absorption rate of the material is determined; in the present invention, the liquid toxic and harmful substances comprise, in particular, one or more of the following substances: vegetable oil,25 Benzene and styrene. The preferred shape of the present absorption material sample is a cuboid. The preferred dimensions of the present absorption material sample are length × width × thickness 10 cm × 10 cm × 1 cm. In a specific embodiment of the invention, the mass fraction of sodium chloride in the salt water is 3.5%. The preparation of the present absorption-saturated material preferably comprises: immersing the present absorption material in water to obtain the initial absorption-saturated material; subsequent undisturbed storage of the material until no more water escapes, thereby producing the final absorption-saturated material. The present immersion time in water is preferably 2 hours at room temperature. The present settling preferably takes place on 10 a metal grid. The mass of the water-saturated material present corresponds to the mass,when no more water escapes. In the present invention, the immersion time of the water-saturated material in the mixed solution of liquid toxic liquid and salt water is preferably 2 hours. 15 In the present invention, the absorption rate of the absorbent material is calculated according to Formula 3: Absorption rate () = × 100% Formula 3; In Formula 3: m1 is the mass of the absorbent material before water absorption, m2 is the mass of the water-saturated absorbent material, V1 is the volume of the salt solution in the mixed solution with liquid toxic and harmful substances before absorption, V2 is the volume of the salt solution in the mixed solution with liquid toxic and harmful substances after absorption.and the density of the liquid toxic and harmful substances. BE2025 / 5526 11 In the present invention, the absorption retention rate of the absorption material is also referred to as the displacement dehydration rate of the absorption material. In the present invention, the absorption material is immersed in the liquid toxic and harmful substances until saturated,so that a saturated absorbent material is formed. This saturated absorbent material is left inactive for a period of time. The mass of the saturated absorbent material at the beginning of the period is recorded as m1. Throughout the entire period, the mass of the saturated absorbent material is measured at equal time intervals. The sum of the mass changes in the 10 equal time intervals over the entire period is calculated. Based on the time and the summed mass changes, the evaporation rate of the liquid toxic and harmful substances in the absorbent material is determined. In the present invention, the liquid toxic and harmful substances comprise, in particular, one or more of the following substances: vegetable oil, benzene, and styrene. The preferred shape of the present absorbent material sample is a cuboid. The preferred dimensions of the present absorbent material sample are length × width × thickness 10 cm × 10 cm × 1 cm. In a specific embodiment of the invention, the mass 1 of the absorbent saturated material denotes the mass thatwhich is reached after 20 saturation absorption and subsequent resting, at which point no more liquid toxic and harmful substances are released. In the present invention, the absorption-saturated material is preferably placed in a fume hood in order to observe the change over time during the total duration. BE2025 / 5526 12 In the present invention, t is equal to 7. In a specific embodiment of the invention, the absorption-saturated material is placed in the fume hood and the mass is measured every T minutes. The number of intervals T is preferably 6, the total duration is . The masses measured at t=0 are m1, at interval 1 m2, interval 2 m3, interval 3 m4, interval 4 m5, interval 5 m6, interval 6 m7. In a specific embodiment of the invention, t is 60 minutes and T is 10 minutes. In the present invention, the evaporation rate of the liquid toxic and harmful substances of the absorption material is calculated according to Formula 4: Evaporation rate = ∑ (!")# $ Formula 4;10 In Formula 4: ii a positive integer ≥ 3,t is the total time, n-1 is the mass of the adsorption material at the beginning of the time interval, and mn is the mass at the end of the time interval. In the present invention, the evaporation rate of the liquid toxic and harmful substances from the absorption material is also referred to as the release rate of the liquid toxic and harmful substances from the absorption material. For further explanation of the invention, examples follow which describe the technical solution in detail, but should not be understood as a limitation of the scope of protection. 20 Exemplary embodiment 1 The present exemplary embodiment provides a test method for the absorption performance of water-based liquid toxic and harmful substances (HNS). The reagents BE2025 / 5526 13 and materials used in this exemplary embodiment include benzene, styrene, and soybean oil as test solutions (simulation of HNS) to determine the HNS absorption performance of the material, including curves of the absorption mass factors and rates over time.Absorption rate (displacement dehydration rate) and release rate (evaporation rate).5 The absorption material sample tested in the present embodiment comprises: Material A (purchased from Xuyi Meida Environmental Protection Materials Co., Ltd.), Material B (Beijing Yuzhong Guangxin Environmental Equipment Co., Ltd.) and Material C (Suzhou Beiduo Environmental Protection Equipment Co., Ltd.).10 (1) Absorption performance of HNS: 1. Test equipment: clock; electronic scale; metal grid; glass container (diameter 8.6 cm, depth 1.7 cm). 2. Test procedure:15 The entire test is carried out in a fume hood. Preparation of the experimental materials: 1000 ml of liquid HNS (benzene, styrene, soybean oil) are prepared in three glass containers, labeled A1 (benzene), A2 (styrene), and A3 (soybean oil). 3. Experimental steps: 20 samples of the absorbable material are weighed, formed into a cuboid of 10 cm × 10 cm × 1 cm, and placed flat in the glass containers with liquid HNS.BE2025 / 5526 14 where sufficient liquid is ensured for complete saturation of the material. Samples are taken after intervals of 3, 5, 10, 20, 30, 45, 60, 100, 200, 300 and 400 minutes, placed on metal grids and weighed as soon as no more HNS drips. 5 4. Calculation formulas In this embodiment, the application performance of the absorbent material is determined by the absorption mass factor and absorption rate. The absorption mass factor denotes the mass of HNS that is absorbed per unit mass of the absorbent material; the absorption rate denotes the mass of HNS that is absorbed per unit time. The absorption mass factor is calculated as follows: Absorption mass factor = ( ) = g / g; The absorption rate is calculated as follows: 15 Absorption rate = ( ) ( = g / min. Diagrams of the absorption mass factor and the absorption rate are created as a function of time; erroneous measurements are excluded. Three parallel comparison series are carried out.to determine the absorption capacity of the different materials. 20 (2) Experiment on the displacement dehydration rate of the absorbent material 1. Objective of the experiment BE2025 / 5526 15 The objective of this embodiment is to test the absorption capacity of the absorbent material against insoluble HNS after water saturation. Testing the priority order of the absorption of water and insoluble HNS by the absorbent material. 2. Reagents and materials 5 Benzene (C6H6): ρ = 876.5 mg / cm3. Styrene (C8H8): ρ = 960.0 mg / cm3. Soybean oil: 915.0–937.5 mg / cm3. Salt solution: aqueous sodium chloride solution with 3.5% mass fraction. Dye: water-insoluble, stamp ink is recommended. 10 3. Experimental equipment: clock; electronic scale; metal grid; glass container (diameter 8.6 cm, depth 1.7 cm); separating funnel; pipette with rubber bulb. 4. Experimental procedure: Preparation of the experimental materials: 15. The absorbent material is weighed.The sample is formed into a cuboid measuring 10 cm × 10 cm × 1 cm and its mass is recorded. 100 ml of HNS and a volume V1 of the salt solution are placed in the experimental glass container A2. Dye is added, a layering is visible; the dye dissolves immediately in the HNS, and the upper layer of the solution in glass container A2 appears red. 5. Experimental Steps The sample is immersed in glass container A1 with sufficient water and remains immersed for 2 hours until the material is completely saturated; then the sample is removed and placed on a metal grid. When no more water drips out, the sample is weighed. The mass 2 after water saturation is recorded. The water-saturated sample is placed flat in glass container A2 and after 20, 40, 60, 80,Samples were taken and weighed after 100 minutes and 2 hours. 10 According to the stratification indicated by the dye, the liquid is poured from glass container A2 into the separating funnel and separated. After completion of the phase separation, the volume of the remaining salt solution V2 is recorded. The formula for calculating the displacement dehydration rate is as shown in Formula 3: Formula 3 takes into account the density of ρHNS. 15 Absorption rate (displacement dehydration rate) = () × 100% (Formula 3). Draw a graph of the displacement time of the absorbent material versus the absorption rate. (3) Experiment on the release rate of the absorbent material 20 1. Reagents BE2025 / 5526 17 Benzene (C6H6): ρ = 876.5 mg / cm3. Styrene (C8H8): ρ = 960.0 mg / cm³. Soybean oil: 915.0–937.5 mg / cm³. 2. Experimental equipment: Clock; electronic scale; metal grid; tweezers; glass container (diameter 8.65 cm, depth 1.7 cm). 3. Experimental procedure: Preparation of the experimental materials: The absorbent material is weighed.The sample is formed into a cuboid measuring 10 cm × 10 cm × 1 cm, and the mass is then recorded. 10 1000 ml of pure liquid HNS are placed in the test glass container A1. 4. Test steps: The sample is immersed in the glass container A1 and left immersed for 2 hours until the material is completely saturated; then the sample is lifted out with tweezers and weighed immediately, and the weight m2 is recorded. 15 When the sample stops dripping, the drip time is recorded and the weight m3 is determined immediately. The absorbent material with mass 3 is suspended in a ventilation hood. Every 10 minutes, the mass of the material is recorded. Six data sets are taken: after 10 min (4), 20 min (5), 30 min (6), 40 min (7), 50 min (8), and 60 min (9), for a total of 1 hour. Based on these six data sets, a graph of time versus material weight is created to determine the linear relationship and calculate the average evaporation rate within one hour. The formula for calculating the evaporation rate is: Evaporation rate ∑ (!").- . / =g / min. Test results: 1. Mass absorption factor of soybean oil (soybean oil density: 921 mg / cm³). The ratio of the mass absorption factors of Material A (absorbent material, 10 purchased from Xuyi Meida Environmental Protection Materials Co., Ltd.) to soybean oil as a function of absorption time (seconds) is shown in the upper left diagram of Fig. 1. The maximum mass absorption factor is 7.98. The ratio of the mass absorption factors of Material B (Beijing Yuzhong Guangxin Environmental Equipment Co., Ltd.) to soybean oil as a function of absorption time (seconds) is shown in the upper right diagram of Fig. 1. The maximum mass absorption factor is 8.80. The ratio of the mass absorption factors of Material C (Suzhou Beiduo Environmental Protection Equipment Co., Ltd.) to soybean oil as a function of absorption time (seconds) is shown in the lower left diagram of Fig. 1. The maximum mass absorption factor is 7.68. From the results in Fig. 1, it is evident that: Material A: thick, large mass,Absorption rate for soybean oil is somewhat slower; Material B and C: BE2025 / 5526 19 Saturation is reached within 20 seconds. For soybean oil, the mass absorption factor of absorbent materials A and C is ≥7.0 each. 2. Benzene absorption rate (calculated from the displacement dehydration rate according to Formula 3 in Section (2) of Exemplary Implementation 1): 5 The test results of the benzene absorption rate of Material A (absorbent material purchased from Xuyi Meida Environmental Protection Materials Co., Ltd.) are shown in the upper left diagram of Fig. 2. The test results of the benzene absorption rate of Material B (Beijing Yuzhong Guangxin Environmental Protection Equipment Co., Ltd.) are shown in the upper right diagram of Fig. 2. The test results for the benzene absorption rate of Material C (Suzhou Beido Environmental Protection Equipment Co., Ltd.) are shown in the lower left diagram of Fig. 2. From the results in Fig. 2, it follows that: The absorption rate of Material A for 15 benzene is ≥ 80 within 90 minutes.0%. The benzene absorption rate of Material B and C for benzene cannot be well adapted (not modelable). 3. Styrene absorption rate (calculated from the displacement dehydration rate according to Formula 3 in Section (2) of the 20 Examples 1): The test results of the styrene absorption rate of Material A (absorbent material purchased from Xuyi Meida Environmental Protection Materials Co., Ltd.) are shown in the upper left diagram of Figure 3. BE2025 / 5526 20 The test results of the styrene absorption rate of Material B (Beijing Yuzhong Guangxin Environmental Protection Equipment Co., Ltd.) are shown in the upper right diagram of Figure 3. The test results for the styrene absorption rate of Material C (Suzhou Beido Environmental Protection Equipment Co., Ltd.) are shown in the lower left diagram 5 of Fig. 3. The results in Fig. 3 show that the absorption rate for styrene of Materials A, B, and C is ≥80.0% within 60 minutes and ≥75% within 90 minutes.0%. Although the present embodiment describes the invention in detail, it represents only a part of the embodiment and not all of them. Further embodiments can be derived from these without an inventive step and also fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. BE2025 / 5526 21 Claims 1. A test method for the absorption performance of water-based liquid toxic and harmful substances (HNS), characterized in that it comprises the following steps: 5 the absorption material is immersed in the liquid toxic and harmful substances in order to determine the difference in mass before and after absorption at different absorption times; Based on the difference in mass before and after absorption, as well as the mass of the material before absorption, the absorption mass factor is calculated, where the absorption time is used as an independent variable and the absorption mass factor as a dependent variable.to obtain the temporal change of the absorption mass factor; based on the difference in mass before and after absorption as well as the absorption time, the absorption rate of the material is determined. The absorption time is used as an independent variable and the absorption rate as a dependent variable to obtain the temporal change of the absorption rate of the material; the water-saturated absorbent material is immersed in a mixed solution containing liquid toxic and harmful substances; the mixed solution consists of liquid toxic and harmful substances as well as salt water; based on the mass of the material before water saturation, the saturated mass, the volume of salt water before and after absorption as well as the density of the liquid toxic and harmful substances, the absorption rate of the material is determined; The absorbent material is immersed in the liquid toxic and harmful substances until saturation occurs, so that saturated absorbent material is created.This saturated absorbent material is shut down for a period of time. The mass of the saturated absorbent material 30 at the beginning time is recorded as m1. During the entire time t BE2025 / 5526 22, the mass of the saturated absorbent material is measured at equal time intervals. The sum of the mass changes in the same time intervals over the entire duration is calculated. Based on the time and the summed mass changes, the evaporation rate of the liquid toxic and harmful substances of the absorbent material 5 is determined. 2. The test procedure for the absorption performance of water-based liquid toxic and harmful substances (HNS) according to claim 1, characterized in that the absorption mass factor of the absorbent material is calculated according to formula 1: Absorption mass factor = Formula 1. 3. The test method for the absorption performance of water-based liquid toxic and harmful substances (HNS) according to claim 1, characterized in that,that the absorption rate of the absorbent material is calculated according to Formula 2: Absorption rate = Formula 2. 4. The test procedure for the absorption performance of water-based liquid toxic and harmful substances (HNS) according to claim 1, characterized in that the absorption rate of the absorbent material 20 is calculated according to Formula 3: Absorption rate () = × 100% Formula 3; In Formula 3: m1 is the mass of the absorbent material before water absorption, m2 is the mass of the water-saturated absorbent material, V1 is the volume of the salt solution in the mixed solution 25 with liquid toxic and harmful substances before absorption, V2 is the volume of the salt solution in the mixed solution with liquid toxic and harmful substances after absorption, and ρ is the density of the liquid toxic and harmful substances. 5. The test procedure for the absorption performance of liquid toxic and harmful substances (HNS) on water according to claim 1, 5 is characterized by,that the evaporation rate of the liquid toxic and harmful substances of the adsorption material is calculated according to Formula 4: Evaporation rate = ∑ (!")# Formula 4; In Formula 4: ii a positive integer ≥ 3, t the total time, n-1 is the mass of the adsorption material at the beginning of the time interval, mn is the mass at the end of the time interval. 6. The test procedure for the absorption performance of liquid toxic and harmful substances (HPS) on water according to claim 1, characterized in that the liquid toxic and harmful substances comprise one or more of the following substances: vegetable oil, benzene, and styrene. 7. The test procedure for the absorption performance of liquid toxic and harmful substances (HPS) on water according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the shape of the absorption material is a cuboid. 8. The test method for the absorption performance of liquid toxic and harmful substances (HNS) found on water according to claim 1 or 7, characterized by,that the dimensions of the absorbent material length × width × thickness are 10 cm × 10 cm × 1 cm. BE2025 / 5526 24 9. The test method for the absorption performance of liquid toxic and harmful substances (HNS) in water according to claim 1, characterized in that the mass fraction of sodium chloride in the salt solution is 3.5%. 10. The test method for the absorption performance of liquid toxic and harmful substances (HNS) in water according to claim 5, characterized in thatthat assumes the value 7 and lasts 60 minutes. BE2025 / 5526 25 Summary The present invention belongs to the technical field of the absorption of harmful and toxic substances and relates in particular to a test method for the absorption performance of water-based liquid toxic and harmful substances (HNS). The test method provided by the invention enables a comprehensive investigation of the performance of absorption materials against liquid harmful and toxic substances based on four aspects: the current change in the absorption mass factor, the absorption rate, the displacement dehydration rate, and the evaporation rate of the liquid harmful and toxic substances. The test method provided by the present invention enables an accurate and effective evaluation of the absorption performance of the materials and thus serves as a guide for their practical application. BE2025 / 5526 26 Fig.1 Fig.2 BE2025 / 5526 27,