Modular dolly, manufacturing process of modular dolly and commercial vehicle

Abstract

Modular dolly, modular dolly manufacturing process, and commercial vehicle. The present invention describes a modular dolly for interconnecting road implements and a modular dolly manufacturing process. Specifically, the present invention describes a dolly with a modular chassis non-permanently associated with at least one component, wherein the modular chassis comprises a standardized structure that allows interchangeability of different models of components associated with the chassis, providing postponement of the choice of other components that form a dolly, customization of the dolly according to the user's needs or according to the load transported, as well as providing ease in the assembly and disassembly of the dolly as a whole. The present invention is situated in the fields of mechanical engineering, focused on the area of ​​solutions for road implements.

Description

1 / 21 Descriptive Report of Invention Patent Modular Dolly, Modular Dolly Manufacturing Process and Commercial Vehicle Field of Invention

[0001] The present invention describes a modular dolly for interconnecting road implements and a manufacturing process for a modular dolly. Specifically, the present invention describes a dolly with a modular chassis non-permanently associated with at least one component, wherein the modular chassis comprises a standardized structure that allows interchangeability of different models of components associated with the chassis, providing postponement of the choice of other components that form a dolly, customization of the dolly according to the user's needs or according to the load transported, as well as providing ease in the assembly and disassembly of the dolly as a whole. The present invention is situated in the fields of mechanical engineering, focused on the area of ​​solutions for road implements. Background of the Invention

[0002] Currently, there is a diversity of road implements, such as grain carriers, tippers, sugarcane carriers, etc., which require different types of structures and combinations to meet market demands. In some cases, considering the cargo to be transported, a type of combination is used in which two or more implement segments are associated with each other, as is the case with so-called road trains. Conventionally, road trains are formed by two or more semi-trailers linked together by means of a connecting structure, or system, commonly called a dolly. This type of structure is normally formed by a chassis, equipped with wheels, and a drawbar for interconnection to the front road implement, in addition to being provided with a means Petition 870200129450, dated 10 / 14 / 2020, page 6 / 51 2 / 21 connection to the rear implement.

[0003] In the current scenario, depending on the type of demand required, a specific type of road implement is selected which requires a specific type of dolly.

[0004] As a consequence of this diversity of implements and drawbars, the demand for manufacturing and logistics of all these elements is high, which implies delays in manufacturing, transportation, and maintenance of the components. Among the different elements in each segment, there are different types of chassis to couple different types of drawbars, different track widths used, and two types of suspensions, lowered and normal.

[0005] Thus, there are various parts and elements to perform the same function, that is, to date there are several types of dollies to perform the coupling between two road implements.

[0006] Furthermore, as illustrated in figures 31 and 32, the parts of the prior art dollies that connect the front and rear semi-trailers are fixed by welding, which makes the maintenance of individual elements difficult, in addition to making the manufacturing process time-consuming. Furthermore, welding requires specialized labor due to its complexity. Therefore, the demand for different types of dollies used becomes commercially disadvantageous, since it is necessary to manufacture different dolly models to meet the different models and combinations of road implements.

[0007] In the search for the state of the art in scientific and patent literature, the following documents were found that deal with the subject:

[0008] Document US6056309 discloses a dolly for semi-trailers with a modular structure that allows for height and length adjustment, as well as the coupling of different trailer pairs. Furthermore, the dolly includes removable side beams that can be replaced with beams. Petition 870200129450, dated 10 / 14 / 2020, page 7 / 51 The 3 / 21 side panels have varying lengths, varying the overall length of the structure, and feature an adjustable fifth wheel structure. Furthermore, it allows for adjusting the height of the drawbar attachment relative to the originally manufactured height, enabling the adaptation of different drawbar configurations to the dolly chassis. However, to adapt different drawbar configurations to the dolly, structural adjustments to the dolly chassis are necessary, such as height, length, and drawbar attachment height adjustments. Therefore, US6056309 does not disclose a unique and standardized modular dolly chassis structure that allows customization of the drawbar type used without requiring adjustments to the dolly's length, width, or height, nor does it disclose a dolly chassis with a non-permanent drawbar-dolly attachment region equipped with reinforcements that allow for said customization.

[0009] Document US2012080866 discloses a dolly with a modular structure equipped with a drawbar removablely attached to the structure, wherein the drawbar comprises a structure that allows automatic adjustment of the drawbar length between the trailer and the dolly, such that the automatic adjustment of the drawbar length is performed based on the dolly speed measured by sensors. However, document US2012080866 does not disclose a standardized modular dolly chassis structure that allows customization of the type of drawbar associated without the need for structural changes to the dolly chassis, nor does it disclose a dolly chassis with a non-permanent chassis-drawbar attachment region equipped with reinforcements that allows said customization.

[0010] Document US2004021290 discloses a modular structure having a fifth-wheel coupling and suspension for general application in trailers or dolly, wherein the structure has two longitudinal beams interconnected with crossbeams, and a fifth-wheel structure arranged and interconnected interconnected on top of the crossbeams. However, document US2004021290 does not disclose a structure Petition 870200129450, dated 10 / 14 / 2020, page 8 / 51 4 / 21 modular dolly chassis with a non-permanent mounting area equipped with reinforcements that allows for drawbar attachment and customization of the drawbar type to be used without the need for structural changes to the dolly chassis.

[0011] Document US2009250901 discloses a multifunctional modular dolly that allows the user to configure the height and width of the chassis, where the width and height adjustment is made through adjustment bars, with the adjustments regulated and fixed by means of pins, so that said adjustments allow the dolly to be configured for use on any conventional trailer. However, document US2009250901 does not disclose a standardized modular dolly chassis structure that allows customization of the type of drawbar to be used without the need for structural changes to the dolly chassis, nor does it disclose a dolly chassis with a non-permanent drawbar-dolly attachment region equipped with reinforcements that allows said customization.

[0012] Thus, as can be inferred from the literature reviewed, no documents were found anticipating or suggesting the teachings of the present invention, so the solution proposed here has novelty and inventive activity compared to the state of the art.

[0013] Thus, when dealing with modular dolly chassis structures with geometry that allows non-permanent association with different models of drawbar, suspension and fifth wheel without the need to alter the dolly chassis, the solutions presented in the prior art do not solve the aforementioned problems. Therefore, the dolly chassis structures cited in the documents are not capable of connecting different types of road implements, regardless of their segment of operation or format. Summary of the Invention

[0014] In this way, the present invention solves the problems of Petition 870200129450, dated 10 / 14 / 2020, page 9 / 51 5 / 21 state of the art based on a modular chassis with a standardized structure featuring beams and crossbeams interconnected in a non-permanent manner, wherein said standardized and modular chassis structure allows interchangeability of different components within the same chassis. In this way, the modular chassis of the present invention provides interconnection of different types of road implements regardless of the transport segment or chassis format.

[0015] In a first object, the present invention provides a modular dolly for interconnecting road implements comprising at least one modular chassis that can be non-permanently associated with at least one component between: a. at least one fifth wheel model; b. at least one model of drawbar; c. at least one suspension model; or d. a combination of the above; - where each component model is interchangeable with another component model.

[0016] In a second object, the present invention discloses a manufacturing process for a modular dolly for interconnecting road implements comprising the following steps: a. non-permanent association of at least one drawbar model on at least one modular chassis (1); b. non-permanent association of at least one fifth wheel model on at least one modular chassis (1); and c. non-permanent association of at least one suspension model in at least one modular chassis (1); - forming at least one modular dolly, in which each fifth wheel model, each drawbar model and each suspension model is interchangeable with the modular chassis (1) by another fifth wheel, drawbar or suspension model.

[0017] In a third object, the present invention provides a vehicle Petition 870200129450, dated 10 / 14 / 2020, page 10 / 51 6 / 21 commercial comprising the interconnection of a tractor vehicle with at least one set of road implements, wherein the set of road implements is interconnected to the tractor vehicle by means of at least one modular dolly for interconnecting road implements.

[0018] These and other objects of the invention will be immediately appreciated by those skilled in the art and will be described in detail below. Brief Description of the Figures

[0019] The following figures are presented:

[0020] Figure 1 shows a realization of the disassembled modular chassis (1), illustrating the longitudinal beam (2), the transverse beam (3) and the central beam (4) that forms the structure of the modular chassis (1).

[0021] Figure 2 shows an embodiment of the modular chassis (1) mounted non-permanently by means of at least one modular fastening element.

[0022] Figure 3 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of the modular dolly of the present invention, illustrating the modular chassis (1) non-permanently associated with other components of the dolly.

[0023] Figure 4 shows a previous view of the embodiment of Figure 3.

[0024] Figure 5 shows an embodiment of the modular dolly of the present invention associated in a non-permanent manner with at least one drawbar model (10).

[0025] Figure 6 shows a close-up view of an embodiment of the non-permanent association between at least one modular chassis (1) and at least one drawbar model (10), illustrating the flanged face (A) of the longitudinal beam (2) associated with the flanged face (D) of at least one drawbar model (10).

[0026] Figure 7 shows an embodiment of the modular dolly of the present invention associated in a non-permanent manner with at least one drawbar model (10). Petition 870200129450, dated 10 / 14 / 2020, page 11 / 51 7 / 21

[0027] Figure 8 shows a close-up view of an embodiment of the non-permanent association between at least one modular chassis (1) and at least one drawbar model (10), in which it illustrates the flanged face (D) of at least one drawbar model (10).

[0028] Figure 9 shows an embodiment of the modular dolly of the present invention associated in a non-permanent manner with at least one drawbar model (10).

[0029] Figure 10 shows an embodiment of the non-permanent association between at least one flanged face (A) of at least one longitudinal beam (2) and at least one flanged face (D) of at least one tie rod model (10).

[0030] Figure 11 shows an embodiment of at least one longitudinal beam (2) associated in a non-permanent way with at least one tie rod model (10).

[0031] Figure 12 shows an embodiment of a drawbar model (10) of the grain segment.

[0032] Figure 13 shows an embodiment of a drawbar model (10) of the tilting segment.

[0033] Figure 14 shows an embodiment of a drawbar model (10) of the grain segment.

[0034] Figure 15 shows a computer simulation for torsion testing on the modular dolly associated in a non-permanent way in a drawbar model.

[0035] Figure 16 shows a computer simulation for testing the length of at least one rib (11) of the flanged face (A).

[0036] Figure 17 shows a computer simulation for testing the length of at least one rib (11) of the flanged face (A).

[0037] Figure 18 shows a computer simulation for testing the number of modular fastening elements to associate at least one modular chassis (1) in at least one drawbar model (10). Petition 870200129450, dated 10 / 14 / 2020, page 12 / 51 8 / 21

[0038] Figure 19 shows a computer simulation for testing the number of modular fastening elements to associate at least one modular chassis (1) in at least one drawbar model (10).

[0039] Figure 20 shows an embodiment of the modular dolly of the present invention developed in a non-permanent association with at least one drawbar model (10).

[0040] Figure 21 shows a close-up view of Figure 20 which illustrates the non-permanent association between at least one modular chassis (1) and at least one drawbar model (10).

[0041] Figure 22 shows a close-up view of Figure 21 which illustrates the non-permanent association between at least one modular chassis (1) and at least one drawbar model (10).

[0042] Figure 23 shows a close-up view of the non-permanent association between at least one modular chassis (1) and at least one drawbar model (10).

[0043] Figure 24 shows an embodiment of the modular dolly of the present invention developed in a non-permanent association with at least one drawbar model (10).

[0044] Figure 25 shows an embodiment of the modular dolly of the present invention developed in a non-permanent association with at least one drawbar model (10).

[0045] Figure 26 shows a close-up view of the non-permanent association between at least one flanged face (A) of the modular chassis (1) and at least one flanged face (D) of at least one drawbar model (10).

[0046] Figure 27 shows a bottom view of Figure 26, which illustrates the non-permanent association between at least one flanged face (A) of the modular chassis (1) and at least one flanged face (D) of at least one drawbar model (10).

[0047] Figure 28 shows an embodiment of the non-permanent association between at least one flanged face (A) of the modular chassis (1) and to Petition 870200129450, dated 10 / 14 / 2020, page 13 / 51 9 / 21 less one flanged face (D) of at least one drawbar model (10), which illustrates the ribs (11) that reinforce said association.

[0048] Figure 29 shows an embodiment of the modular dolly of the present invention developed in a non-permanent association with at least one drawbar model (10).

[0049] Figure 30 shows an embodiment of the dolly of the present invention and a set of drawbar models, wherein the dolly of the present invention is compatible with each drawbar model, each drawbar model being interchangeable by means of non-permanent association with the chassis of the dolly of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 31 shows a dolly of the prior art, illustrating the connection by means of welding.

[0051] Figure 32 shows a dolly of the prior art, which shows the connection by means of welding. Detailed Description of the Invention

[0052] The descriptions that follow are given by way of example and are not limiting to the scope of the invention and will make clearer the subject matter of this patent application.

[0053] The present invention describes a standardized modular chassis structure for interconnecting two road implements, commonly known as a Dolly, equipped with beams and crossbeams interconnected in a non-permanent manner that allow interchangeability of different fifth wheel models and different suspension models. Furthermore, the dolly of the present invention comprises at least one flanged face that allows non-permanent association with different models of implement connecting structures, commonly known as drawbars. Thus, the modular dolly of the present invention provides a standardized structure capable of interconnecting different types of road implements, regardless of their segment of operation or chassis format. Petition 870200129450, dated 10 / 14 / 2020, page 14 / 51 10 / 21

[0054] In a first object, the present invention provides a modular dolly for interconnecting road implements comprising at least one modular chassis (1) that can be non-permanently associated with at least one component between: a. at least one fifth wheel model; b. at least one model of drawbar; c. at least one suspension model; or d. a combination of the above; - where each component model is interchangeable with another component model.

[0055] In one embodiment, the modular chassis (1) of the present invention is assembled in a non-permanent manner by means of fastening elements. In one embodiment, the non-permanent assembly of the chassis comprises fitting by means of, for example and without limitation of scope, screws, i.e., the modular chassis is easily assembled and disassembled.

[0056] In one embodiment, the modular chassis (1) comprises at least two opposing longitudinal beams (2) having at least one central reinforcement region (B), non-permanently associated with at least one transverse beam (3) and with at least one central beam (4). Figure 1 shows an embodiment of the disassembled modular chassis (1) and Figure 2 shows an embodiment of the modular chassis (1) assembled non-permanently by means of at least one non-permanent fastening element.

[0057] In one embodiment, the longitudinal beam (2) comprises at least one central reinforcement region (B) having at least one through hole, wherein said region (B) is an association region of at least one fifth wheel model. Figures 3 and 4 show an embodiment of the modular dolly non-permanently associated with at least one fifth wheel model and at least one suspension model.

[0058] In one embodiment, the longitudinal beam (2) comprises an I-shaped cross-sectional geometry. In one embodiment, the Petition 870200129450, dated 10 / 14 / 2020, p. 15 / 51 11 / 21 I-shaped cross-section of the longitudinal beam (2) provides greater robustness to the beam (2) and chassis (1), as well as optimizing the manufacture of the beam (2).

[0059] In one embodiment, at least one central beam (4) is fitted between two longitudinal beams (2), fixed through at least one through hole by means of non-permanent fastening elements and, on this assembled structure of longitudinal beams (2) and central beams (4), at least one fifth wheel model is fixed in a non-permanent manner.

[0060] In one embodiment, the central beam (4) comprises an inverted “U” shaped cross-sectional geometry with at least one central recess (41) and symmetrical ends, wherein each end comprises at least one lateral flange (42) perpendicular to the longitudinal length of the central beam (4).

[0061] In one embodiment, the central beam (4) comprises “bridge-type” geometry which increases the performance of the chassis (1) by concentrating the stress in the central region where the material is said to be virgin, without welding.

[0062] In one embodiment, the side flange (42) of the central beam (4) comprises the non-permanent fastening interface between at least one central beam (4) and at least one longitudinal beam (2).

[0063] In one embodiment, the central recess (41) of the central beam (4) provides mass relief in the structure as a whole and also allows passage and assembly of the other dolly components, such as at least one suspension model, at least one axle model, brake, etc.

[0064] In one embodiment, the crossbeam (3) comprises a cross-sectional geometry in the shape of a “C” and at least one mass relief hole, wherein said geometry provides a reduction in thickness, enables the use of material with optimized properties and therefore reduces the weight of the modular chassis (1) as a whole, making its manufacture quick and uncomplicated. Petition 870200129450, dated 10 / 14 / 2020, page 16 / 51 12 / 21

[0065] In one embodiment, at least two transverse beams (3) are non-permanently connected transversely between two longitudinal beams (2), such that the central beam (4) is arranged transversely between the two transverse beams (3).

[0066] In one embodiment, the longitudinal beam (2) comprises at least one flanged face (A) that can be permanently associated with at least one tie rod model by means of at least one modular fastening element. In one embodiment, the flanged face (A) comprises a quadrilateral flange that does not require sealing, wherein the face (A) is perpendicular to the longitudinal length of the longitudinal beam (2) and disposed at the front end of the longitudinal beam (2), wherein said perpendicular flanged face (A) is provided with through holes for non-permanent association with at least one tie rod model (10). Figures 6 and 8 show an embodiment of the non-permanent association between at least one flanged face (A) and at least one tie rod model (10).Figures 12, 13 and 14 show examples of drawbar models that can be associated with the modular dolly of the present invention, wherein Figure 12 shows a drawbar (10) for a grain segment, Figure 13 shows a drawbar (10) for a tipping segment and Figure 14 shows a drawbar (10) for a grain segment.

[0067] In one embodiment, the flanged face (A) comprises at least one rib (11) that reinforces the perpendicular face of the flanged face (A) and the longitudinal length of the beam (2), so as to reduce the loads or stresses / tensions that cause bending on the perpendicular face of the flanged face (A).

[0068] In one embodiment, said flanged face (A) of the longitudinal beam (2) is non-permanently associable with at least one tie rod model (10) by means of at least one modular fastening element, that is, said flanged face (A) allows non-permanent coupling with at least one tie rod type among the different segments and models. In one embodiment, the flanged face (A) is associable with at least one Petition 870200129450, dated 10 / 14 / 2020, page 17 / 51 13 / 21 drawbar model among the segments: drawbar for tipper segment; drawbar for grain segment; drawbar for fifth wheel segment; and / or drawbar for sugarcane segment. Figures 5, 7 and 9 show embodiments of the modular chassis (1) associated in a non-permanent way with different drawbar models (10).

[0069] In this way, the dolly with modular chassis (1) of the present invention provides a single, standardized chassis that allows interchangeability and customization of chassis components, such as choice of drawbar models, suspension models, fifth wheel models, etc. Thus, the standardized modular chassis (1) allows the user to postpone the choice of other components in the desired operating segment, as well as, through the total modularization of the dolly chassis (1), allows the user to easily disassemble the chassis components of a given segment / model and modularly associate components from another implement segment / model. Furthermore, the modularization of the chassis (1) provides easier maintenance, since it allows disassembly of damaged beams and easy replacement, not requiring skilled labor for maintenance.Therefore, the modular dolly of the present invention provides the use of a single standardized chassis (1) that allows non-permanent association of different components from different operating segments, providing greater economy to the operator and ease of maintenance.

[0070] In a second object, the present invention discloses a manufacturing process for a modular dolly for interconnecting road implements comprising the following steps: a. non-permanent association of at least one drawbar model on at least one modular chassis (1); b. non-permanent association of at least one fifth wheel model on at least one modular chassis (1); and c. non-permanent association of at least one model of Petition 870200129450, dated 10 / 14 / 2020, page 18 / 51 14 / 21 suspension on at least one modular chassis (1); - forming at least one modular dolly, in which each fifth wheel model, each drawbar model and each suspension model is interchangeable to the modular chassis (1) with another fifth wheel, drawbar or suspension model.

[0071] In one embodiment, the manufacturing process of the dolly of the present invention provides non-permanent association of the modular chassis (1) with different models of dolly components, such as suspension, fifth wheel, drawbar, brakes, etc., allowing the user to postpone the choice of road implement segment, since, with the same modular chassis (1), the operator can non-permanently associate the components to the chassis (1) according to their needs or type of load transported.

[0072] In one embodiment, the non-permanent association of the modular chassis (1) with different drawbar models (10) provides a dolly for the tipper segment, a dolly for the grain segment, a dolly for the fifth wheel segment, a dolly for the grain segment, and / or a combination of the segments. In one embodiment, this association of the modular chassis (1) with different drawbar types (10) is made by the non-permanent association between at least one flanged face (A) of the modular chassis (1) and a flanged face (D) of the drawbar (10) by means of at least one non-permanent fastening element, such as screws, nuts, washers, etc. Figures 10 and 11 show an embodiment of the non-permanent association of the modular chassis (1) with at least one drawbar type (10) through the flanged faces (A and D) of the modular chassis (1) and the drawbar (10), respectively.

[0073] In this way, this possibility of customizing the dolly according to the operator's needs, made possible by the modularization of the modular chassis (1) of the present invention, brings many advantages to the cargo operator, such as customization of the dolly according to the load to be transported, ease of assembly of the components to the dolly, greater ergonomics and time savings and considerable cost reduction with Petition 870200129450, dated 10 / 14 / 2020, page 19 / 51 15 / 21 specific components for each type of dolly, since, through the modular dolly with standardized chassis (1), the operator does not need to acquire a specific dolly for each segment, only needing to disassemble the components of a given segment associated with the modular chassis (1) and assemble other components of another segment, facilitating the operation and providing greater profit for the operator by allowing the same dolly to interconnect road implements of different segments and transported loads.

[0074] Similarly, the standardization of the modular dolly chassis and the possibility of interchangeability of different models of components associated with the chassis brings several advantages to the manufacturer, such as optimization of manufacturing, logistics and chassis maintenance, since it only requires the manufacture of a single type of chassis to couple different types of drawbars, suspension and fifth wheel, standardizing the manufacture of dollies.

[0075] In one embodiment, the manufacture of the modular dolly comprises a sub-step of: non-permanent association of at least two longitudinal beams (2) with at least one transverse beam (3) and with at least one central beam (4), forming at least one modular chassis (1), wherein said non-permanent association is made by means of at least one modular fastening element, wherein said modular fastening element comprises at least one of a screw, nut and / or washer.

[0076] In this way, chassis modularization (1) brings advantages to the operator, such as reduced maintenance costs compared to welded chassis, since it allows disassembly of only the damaged part for maintenance or replacement, in addition to not requiring skilled labor for assembly and disassembly. Furthermore, chassis modularization (1) also brings advantages to the manufacturer, such as standardization of parts manufacturing and optimization of logistics.

[0077] In a third object, the present invention provides a commercial vehicle comprising a tractor unit interconnected with at least one Petition 870200129450, dated 10 / 14 / 2020, page 20 / 51 16 / 21 road implement assembly, in which the road implement assembly is connected to the tractor unit by means of at least one modular dolly for connecting road implements.

[0078] In one embodiment, the said modular dolly comprises a single, standardized chassis (1) that enables the same dolly to interconnect road implements of different segments and transported loads, facilitating operation and providing cost reduction, since the operator does not need to acquire a specific dolly for each segment or type of load to be transported. Example 1 - Modular Dolly

[0079] The examples shown here are intended only to illustrate one of the numerous ways of carrying out the invention, however without limiting its scope.

[0080] In this example, a modular dolly was developed for interconnecting road implements with a standardized and modular chassis structure that allows interchangeability of dolly components, such as suspension, fifth wheel, and drawbar, according to the segment or type of cargo transported. Figures 20, 24, 25, and 29 show the developed modular dolly and its non-permanent association with at least one model of drawbar, fifth wheel, and suspension.

[0081] The chassis structure is fully modular and assembled using bolts and nuts, as is the mounting of components to the dolly chassis, which is also modular through the combination of bolts, nuts and / or washers.

[0082] Figure 30 shows an embodiment of the dolly of the present invention and a set of drawbar models, wherein the dolly of the present invention is compatible with each drawbar model, each drawbar model being interchangeable by means of non-permanent association with the dolly chassis. More specifically, drawbar model I shown in Figure 30 is Petition 870200129450, dated 10 / 14 / 2020, page 21 / 51 Model 17 / 21 represents a drawbar with a ball coupling (BA), where the dolly associated with drawbar I is intended for use with a tipper semi-trailer with a lowered drawbar. Model II represents a drawbar with a ball coupling (GR), where the dolly associated with drawbar II is intended for use with a grain semi-trailer with a ball coupling. Models III, IV, and V represent drawbars with a kingpin coupling (GR), where the dolly associated with a drawbar from models III, IV, and V is intended for use with grain semi-trailers with a kingpin coupling of different semi-trailer combination lengths. Model VI represents a kingpin coupling (BA), where the dolly associated with drawbar VI is intended for use with a tipper semi-trailer with a kingpin coupling.

[0083] The developed modular dolly comprises a modular chassis (1) equipped with two opposing longitudinal beams (2) joined in a non-permanent manner with at least one bridge-type crossbeam (4) and at least one crossbeam (3). Figure 1 shows a view of the disassembled modular chassis (1), illustrating the non-permanent association of the beams and crossbeams, and Figure 2 shows the modular chassis (1) assembled in a non-permanent manner.

[0084] The longitudinal beam (2) has an I-shaped cross-sectional geometry with a central reinforcement region (B) and a perpendicular flanged face (A). The central reinforcement region (B) reinforces the non-permanent association region with the bridge-type crossbeam (4) and with at least one fifth wheel model.

[0085] The perpendicular flanged face (A) comprises a quadrilateral face with ribs (11) that is non-permanently associated with a flanged face (D) of at least one drawbar model (10). Figures 21, 22 and 23 show the non-permanent association between the flanged face (A) of the modular chassis (1) and the flanged face (D) of at least one drawbar model (10).

[0086] In this example, the perpendicular flanged face (A) of the beam Petition 870200129450, dated 10 / 14 / 2020, p. 22 / 51 18 / 21 longitudinal (2) is not completely flat, being slightly warped at the ends, which generates a compressive stress beneficial to the non-permanent joint with the flanged face (D) of the drawbar (10) and generates a clearance in the central part of said non-permanent joint. Figures 26, 27 and 28 show the non-permanent association between the flanged face (A) of the modular chassis (1) with the flanged face (D) of at least one drawbar model (10).

[0087] The crossbar (3) has a cross-sectional geometry in the shape of a “C” and mass relief holes, making it possible to reduce the thickness of the crossbar (3), use materials with improved properties, reduce the weight of the product and manufacture it in an uncomplicated and fast way.

[0088] The bridge-type crossbeam (4) has an inverted “U” shaped cross-section geometry, a central recess (41) that allows for the correct placement of other components of the modular dolly, and side flanges (42) that make the non-permanent connection of the bridge-type crossbeam (4) with the longitudinal beams (2).

[0089] The standardized and fully modularly assembled chassis (1) provides easy assembly and disassembly without the need for skilled labor, and allows the same chassis (1) to be used with components from different segments, enabling the cargo operator to customize the dolly with components according to their needs or the cargo being transported, such as the type of drawbar used, the type of suspension used, and the type of fifth wheel, providing greater ergonomics for the operator, ease of component assembly, and reduced costs for specific components, so that the operator does not need to purchase a specific dolly for each operating segment, only needing to disassemble the components of a given segment and replace them with components from another segment. Furthermore, it allows the modular dolly manufacturer to optimize the manufacturing of the chassis beams and crossbeams and logistics.

[0090] Using modular and weld-free structures for Petition 870200129450, dated 10 / 14 / 2020, page 23 / 51 In the 19 / 21 manufacturing of the modular dolly, it was possible to reduce the weight of the assembly, making better use of the raw material's strength and providing easier, lighter, and quieter manufacturing. The weight reduction provided by the developed modular dolly was less than 80 kg compared to the dolly of the prior art. The constructive form of the chassis (1), different from current welded ones, allows for numerous production gains, such as standardization and reduction of manufacturing time, and the possibility of postponing the choice of important components for the final configuration of the dolly, such as suspension, drawbar, and fifth wheel. All non-permanent bolted connections were dimensioned to withstand the loads required by the application, including crossbeams (3, 4) and beam (2) of the chassis (1), fifth wheel and beam (2) and bridge-type crossbeam (4), drawbar (10), and chassis (1). Example 2 - Tests performed on Dolly Modular

[0091] In this example, validation tests were performed on the chassis structure (1), as well as on the modular dolly associated with the other components.

[0092] Specifically, cross-torsion tests were performed with the dolly attached to a drawbar (10), movement test of the joints of the association between the dolly chassis (1) and the drawbar (10), dolly + drawbar (10) loaded test on an off-road track, emergency braking test of the dolly only with loaded product, braking test without locking the wheels with loaded product, rib size test (11) of the flanged faces (A and D), bending test of the flanged faces (A and D) and simulation of the association between the flanged faces (A and D) with a certain number of non-permanent association elements.

[0093] The result of the cross-torsion test simulation is illustrated in figure 15, which shows the stress in the dolly and drawbar assembly following the Von Mises failure criterion.

[0094] Computer simulations were performed to determine the Petition 870200129450, dated 10 / 14 / 2020, page 24 / 51 20 / 21 best rib size (11) of the flanged face (A). Figures 16 and 17 show the simulations performed, where figure 16 shows one rib with a greater length than the other and figure 17 shows the two ribs with the same size. Based on the result of this simulation, it was determined that the best rib configuration is the rib with equal lengths. Figures 21, 23 and 28 show the ribs (11) developed based on the computer simulations performed.

[0095] Furthermore, a computer simulation was performed to determine the number of non-permanent fasteners that should be used to fix the drawbar structure (10) to the dolly chassis structure (1), i.e., the number of non-permanent fasteners to fix the flanged faces (A and D) of the dolly and the drawbar, respectively. Figures 18 and 19 show the results for this simulation, where Figure 18 shows a simulation in which two fasteners were removed and the structure was subjected to loads, and Figure 19 shows a simulation with all fasteners fixing the two faces and the structure was subjected to loads. According to the two simulations, the best way to non-permanently fix the two faces is by using all the fasteners to fix the drawbar to the dolly.

[0096] Furthermore, tests with the loaded product performed on an off-road track and subjected to emergency braking tests of the dolly only and braking tests without locking the wheels were carried out using strain gauges positioned in specific regions of the dolly + drawbar assembly, to analyze the stresses experienced by the developed product. Strain gauges were positioned in the region of association between the drawbar and the dolly chassis and along the structure of the drawbar.

[0097] The result of the joint movement test between the dolly chassis (1) and the drawbar (10) is illustrated in figures 21 and 22, which shows that there was no movement in the joints.

[0098] The result of the bending test of the flanged faces (A and Petition 870200129450, dated 10 / 14 / 2020, page 25 / 51 21 / 21 D) is illustrated in figures 26 and 27, which show the beneficial warping of the ends of the face joint and the gap in the central part of the joint. The warping of the face ends is beneficial to the joint, since it generates compressive stresses.

[0099] Thus, based on the tests and simulations carried out, the product was developed. Figures 20, 24, 25 and 29 show a realization of the modular dolly with standardized structure developed associated with different drawbar models.

[0100] The inventive concept now revealed and exemplified in one or more ways has been treated as a trade secret and was not previously disclosed until the filing of this patent application. This trade secret is an intangible asset of the applicant. Any future publication of the patent application does not, in itself, constitute authorization for use by third parties, serving only as: (i) notification to third parties of the existence of said trade secret on the filing date; (ii) unequivocal indication of its holder; and (iii) encouragement to develop new improvements based on the concept now revealed, to avoid reinvestment in the development of the same asset already held by the applicant. It is hereby warned that any commercial use requires authorization from the holder and that unauthorized use will result in sanctions provided for by law.In this context, it is clarified from the outset that, based on the disclosure of the present inventive concept, those skilled in the art may consider other ways of carrying out the invention that are not identical to those merely exemplified above, but that, in the event of an intention to use it commercially, such ways may be considered as being within the scope of the appended claims. Petition 870200129450, dated 10 / 14 / 2020, page 26 / 51

Claims

1 / 3 Claims 1. Modular dolly for interconnecting road implements characterized by comprising at least one modular chassis that can be non-permanently associated with at least one component among: a. at least one fifth wheel model; b. at least one drawbar model; c. at least one suspension model; or d. a combination of the foregoing; - wherein, each component model is interchangeable with another component model.

2. Modular dolly for interconnecting road implements, according to claim 1, characterized by the modular chassis comprising at least two opposing longitudinal beams (2) provided with at least one central reinforcement region (B), non-permanently associated with at least one transverse beam (3) and with at least one central beam (4).

3. Modular dolly for interconnecting road implements, according to any of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the longitudinal beam (2) comprises at least one flanged face (A) that can be non-permanently associated with at least one drawbar model (10) by means of at least one modular fastening element.

4. Modular dolly for interconnecting road implements, characterized by the flanged face (A) of the longitudinal beam (2) comprising a quadrilateral structure perpendicular to the longitudinal length of the longitudinal beam (2), 5. Modular dolly for interconnecting road implements, according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by the longitudinal beam (2) comprising a cross-sectional geometry in the shape of an “I”.

6. Modular dolly for interconnecting road implements, according to Petition 870200129450, dated 10 / 14 / 2020, page 27 / 51 2 / 3 with claim 2, characterized by the transverse beam (3) comprising a cross-sectional geometry in the shape of a “C” and at least one mass relief hole.

7. Modular dolly for interconnecting road implements, according to claim 2, characterized by the central beam (4) comprising a cross-sectional geometry in the shape of an inverted “U” with at least one central recess (41) and symmetrical ends, wherein each end comprises at least one lateral flange (42) perpendicular to the longitudinal length of the central beam (4).

8. Modular dolly manufacturing process for interconnecting road implements characterized by comprising the steps of: a. non-permanent association of at least one drawbar model on at least one modular chassis (1); b. non-permanent association of at least one fifth wheel model on at least one modular chassis (1); and c. non-permanent association of at least one suspension model on at least one modular chassis (1); - forming at least one modular dolly, in which each fifth wheel model, each drawbar model and each suspension model is interchangeable with the modular chassis (1) for another fifth wheel, drawbar or suspension model.

9. Manufacturing process for a modular dolly for interconnecting road implements, according to claim 9, characterized by comprising a manufacturing sub-step of at least one modular chassis (1) comprising: a. non-permanent association of at least two longitudinal beams (2) with at least one transverse beam (3) and with at least one central beam (4), forming at least one modular chassis (1); wherein, said non-permanent association is made by means of at least one modular fastening element. Petition 870200129450, dated 10 / 14 / 2020, page 28 / 51 3 / 3 10. Commercial vehicle characterized by the interconnection of a tractor vehicle with at least one set of road implements, wherein the set of road implements is interconnected to the tractor vehicle by means of at least one modular dolly as defined in claim 1. Petition 870200129450, dated 10 / 14 / 2020, pp. 29 / 51

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