Device for locking the door of a wood carbonization furnace

Description

1 / 5 “DEVICE FOR LOCKING THE DOOR OF A WOOD CARBONIZATION FURNACE” (001) The present innovation relates to a device for locking the door of a wood carbonization furnace, wherein the door closing procedure, the locking is performed at ground level and can be applied to any model of carbonization furnace. Description of the State of the Art (002) Over time, various procedures have been developed to seal and / or close the access doors for loading wood inside charcoal carbonization kilns. In small, low-production kilns, it is common to use refractory blocks, bricks, without mortar between them, to prevent them from touching the wood inside the kiln. After placing the blocks, a kind of thin clay mortar is applied to seal the kiln entrance. (003) In large-scale, high-production wood carbonization furnace models, as can be seen in document BR102019018211-3, which are designed for the production of large quantities of charcoal, they are normally designed in a rectangular shape where their supporting structures are made of reinforced concrete beams and ties, the walls are constructed of re-fired solid brick masonry and the roof is constructed of a slab in a circular or oval dome shape. Due to the size and production volume of these furnaces, it becomes impractical to close the access doors for loading wood inside the furnaces by using refractory blocks, i.e., closing them with masonry. (004) In these furnace models, the materials used to perform the sealing and / or closing procedures for loading wood into the furnaces typically consist of one or more metal-framed doors operated by horizontal movement and supported by hinges attached to Petition 870260021005, dated 06 / 03 / 2026, page 5 / 15 2 / 5 of the furnace columns, with the adoption of external bracing. The bracing of these doors is usually carried out through various procedures, such as tying with tie rods, pressing with wedges, bracing with rods, among the most varied bracing procedures. (005) In current ovens, the door locking procedure is done using 2 tie rods at the top of each door, which are connected to rings attached by chains and fixed to the masonry, in addition to three wedge-style locks along the vertical junction of the doors. (006) The actions performed in conducting these procedures are challenging due to the need for a large demand for resources. These activities require the use of mechanical equipment, a tractor or a Munck truck, in order to press the doors against the masonry structures, forcing them to enable the locking of the upper part through the vertical tie rods, where this operation is carried out with the participation of a collaborator who is accommodated in the upper part, i.e., in the furnace cupola. (007) In this operation, PTA (Aerial Work Platform) type equipment is also used to place the locking wedges along the top of the door. This operation can cause damage to the door structure, as well as to the masonry of the furnaces. This locking procedure causes an inadequate sealing of the doors, compromising the cooling process, leading to the need to increase the use of water when opening the furnace to unload the coal, due to the increased risk of fires in the coal piles, in addition to the use of resources that could be performing other tasks. Description of the Invention (008) The present innovation relates to a device for locking the door of a wood carbonization furnace after the door closing procedure. The locking is performed at ground level and can be applied to any model of carbonization furnace. Petition 870260021005, dated 06 / 03 / 2026, page 6 / 15 3 / 5 (009) The door locking device, mainly for large-scale and high-production wood carbonization furnaces, can be used on one or more doors, either on a single door or on doors in the form of individual flags, with the function of closing the furnace for the purpose of carbonizing the wood. (010) For the oven with two doors, the device consists of three elements positioned along the vertical extension of the door, with two elements on one door and one element on the other door. One element is located at the junction of the two doors and the other two elements in the middle of each door. For the oven with only one door, the device has one element located in the center and along the vertical extension of the door and another element located at the junction of the door with the oven column. (011) Each element of the device comprises two steel cables, where one steel cable (7) is locked to the upper beam of the furnace and the other steel cable (5) is connected to the metal ratchet (1), whose function is to tension the cables, which are passed through the tie rods (8) existing in each furnace door (E)(D). The steel cables are connected to each other by metal washers (2), which are positioned approximately two meters above the ground. The locking action of the doors is performed by actuating the ratchets (1), either manually and / or mechanically, which are positioned approximately one meter above the ground. (012) With the movement action of the ratchet (1), the steel cables (3) that pass over the tie rods (6) in each door are tensioned, exerting pressure on the tie rods (8), allowing the door to close until it reaches its ideal position. Each door can have as many tie rods as necessary, provided they are capable of pressing one door against the other and keeping them properly locked and closed. Considering the structure of the oven door, the locking device can be made up of two or more elements, as necessary for proper isolation between the faces of the door and the faces of the oven: Petition 870260021005, dated 06 / 03 / 2026, page 7 / 15 4 / 5 Description of the Figures (012) For greater clarity and understanding of the object of the present innovation, it is illustrated in figures that represent an embodiment of the invention for purely illustrative purposes. (013) Figure 01 - Representation of the isometric view of the wood carbonization furnace structure, highlighting the closing doors, one door (D) on the right and another door (E) on the left. The operation of the system is better understood in the details (A, B and C). (014) Figure 02 - Representation of the side view of the wood carbonization furnace structure, highlighting the positioning of the steel cables (5) and the ratchet with the steel cable actuation tie rod (4). (015) FIGURE 03 - Representation of detail (B) of FIGURE 01, highlighting the positioning of the ratchet (1) with the drive rod (4), the steel cable (5) that is locked in the ratchet (1), the shackle (2) that joins the steel cable (5) with the steel cable (3), represented here in the vertical extension of the door (D). (016) FIGURE 04 - Representation of detail (C) of FIGURE 01, highlighting the positioning of the ratchet (1) and the steel cable that is locked in the ratchet (1), the washer (2) that joins the steel cables (3), the tie rods (8) with the intertwined cable, represented here in the vertical extension of the junction of door (D) with door (E). (017) FIGURE 05 - Representation of the detail (A) of FIGURE 01, highlighting the positioning of the steel cable locking mechanism (7) in the concrete structure of the upper part of the furnace, with the connection to the steel cable (3) that passes through the tie rod (6) at the junction of the doors. (018) FIGURE 06 - Representation of the detail (F) of FIGURE 02, highlighting the position of the steel cable (3) passing through the tie rods (8) along the vertical extension of the doors. Petition 870260021005, dated 06 / 03 / 2026, p. 8 / 15 5 / 5 (019) FIGURE 07 - Illustrative representation highlighting the positioning of the steel cable locking in the concrete structure of the upper part of the furnace, with the connection to the steel cable that passes through the tie rods at the junction of the furnace doors. (020) FIGURE 08 - Illustrative representation highlighting the positioning of the ratchet and the steel cable that is locked in the ratchet, the washer that joins the steel cables, the tie rods with the intertwined cable, represented here in the vertical extension of the door junction. Petition 870260021005, dated 06 / 03 / 2026, p. 9 / 15

Claims

1 / 1 CLAIMS 1 - “DEVICE FOR LOCKING THE DOOR OF A WOOD CARBONIZATION FURNACE”, characterized by the fact that the locking of the furnace doors is carried out at ground level and can be applied to any model of carbonization furnace, consisting of locking elements positioned on the vertical extension of the furnace doors, having a locking element in the center of each door and a locking element at the junction of the doors, consisting of a ratchet (1) with actuation lever (4), a steel cable (3) joined to another steel cable (5) by a washer (2), where the steel cables are passed through the locking tie rods (8) on the vertical extension, as well as the tie rods (6) on the upper part of the doors and the steel cables (7) that are locked in the upper structure of the furnace. Petition 870250103309, dated 11 / 11 / 2025, p. 5 / 6

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