COMPOSITION OF BIODEGRADABLE COMPOSTABLE PLASTIC

Abstract

Composition of biodegradable compostable plastic. This refers to a biodegradable compostable plastic composition, especially for the manufacture of plastic films and the production of bags where, notably, said innovative biodegradable compostable plastic composition is comprised of 40% renewable vegetable base, thermoplastic starch presented in document no. br 102021015566-3 approved in the name of the same applicant; in addition to the aforementioned base, the composition includes items such as soybean oil and vegetable wax.

Description

/ 5 “COMPOSITION OF COMPOSTABLE BIODEGRADABLE PLASTIC.” TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[001] This invention patent relates to a compostable biodegradable plastic composition, especially for the manufacture of plastic films and the production of bags where, notably, said innovative compostable biodegradable plastic composition comprises 40% renewable vegetable base, one of the components being the modified phosphated thermoplastic starch presented in document no. BR 102021015566-3 granted in the name of the same applicant; in addition to the aforementioned base, the composition includes items such as soybean oil and vegetable wax, thus obtaining a plastic that biodegrades in a few months when exposed to the soil, contributing to the solution regarding the issue of plastic pollution caused by the disposal of bags in the environment. HISTORY OF THE INVENTION

[002] Environmental contamination due to pollution caused by the disposal of plastic products such as plastic bags is a growing concern worldwide. Plastic bags are widely used due to their convenience and low cost, but their large-scale production and improper disposal have negative consequences for the environment, such as accumulation in landfills and, due to their resistance to decomposition, plastic bags can remain in landfills for hundreds of years, occupying space and contributing to soil pollution.

[003] Similarly, improper disposal of plastic bags ends up polluting rivers and seas, becoming a threat to marine life such as turtles and marine mammals that may mistake them for food or become entangled in them, resulting in serious injury or death.

[004] Another serious drawback is that the production of plastic bags requires the extraction of natural resources, such as petroleum, and consumes energy during the manufacturing process. Furthermore, when plastic bags Petition 870260049123, dated 05 / 22 / 2026, page 17 / 23 / 5 are incinerated or degrade, releasing greenhouse gases, contributing to climate change.

[005] To combat this problem, there are currently several types of biodegradable plastic films on the market that can be used in the production of plastic bags, such as polylactic acid (PLA) film, which is a biodegradable polymer obtained from renewable sources such as corn starch, sugar cane, or cassava. PLA films have properties similar to conventional plastic films and can be used to produce biodegradable plastic bags. They degrade under industrial composting conditions, where they are exposed to microorganisms that can break down the material into natural components.

[006] Another type of plastic film used in the manufacture of bags is obtained from polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), which is produced from polymers synthesized by bacteria. These films are completely biodegradable and can be used in the production of biodegradable plastic bags. They degrade in different environments, including soil, water, and landfills.

[007] Polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT) film is a biodegradable copolymer that combines aliphatic and aromatic polyesters. This type of plastic film is frequently used in the production of biodegradable plastic bags. PBAT is degradable in home composting, where microorganisms can decompose the material into natural substances.

[008] It is important to highlight that, although these plastic films are biodegradable, their proper degradation generally requires specific conditions, such as industrial composting. Improper disposal of these materials in the environment can result in slow or limited degradation; therefore, the applicant working in the field has developed an innovative, highly biodegradable plastic composition that will substantially contribute to degradation, as its decomposition is naturally accelerated and possible. Petition 870260049123, dated 05 / 22 / 2026, page 18 / 23 / 5 occur in the soil or in a home composter. Another important contribution is that this material does not leave residue in the soil, like microplastics left by conventional plastics. State of the Art Analysis

[009] Research conducted in specialized databases revealed documents relating to biodegradable plastic as presented in document no. PI 0711446-0, which refers to a new biodegradable additive polymer composition useful for the preparation of biodegradable plastic products, comprising a mixture of a polymer selected from co-ethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride or a mixture thereof, cellulose, amides, nutrients selected from cyanobacteria and / or yeasts and water.

[010] Document no. BR 10.2020.022378-0 reveals a process for producing an extruded biodegradable plastic film containing cassava starch and agro-industrial waste, which may be from the industrial extraction of propolis or from the industrial processing of apple juice (apple pomace). This process consists of the following phases: standardization of agro-industrial waste with respect to particle size and moisture; preparation of the polymer matrix with waste from the industrial extraction of propolis or with waste from the processing of apple juice; extrusion in a pilot single-screw extruder; film formation in a blow molding extruder; distribution of the film on a table for drying and storage.

[011] Document no. CN115772321 presents a biodegradable film where PPCP and / or PPCEP material with high biodegradability and high barrier properties is selected as raw material to prepare the barrier layer. The material can meet the high barrier packaging standard, but the elongation at break of the material is insufficient, and flexible PPCP or PPCEP is adopted as raw material to prepare the support layer in the process. Petition 870260049123, dated 05 / 22 / 2026, page 19 / 23 / 5 support, so that the mechanical properties of the entire film are improved.

[012] Thus, it is a fact that the documents cited in the paragraphs above, despite belonging to the same field of application, do not present any of the characteristics of the composition now innovated, thus guaranteeing that it meets the legal requirements for patentability. OBJECTIVES OF THE INVENTION

[013] The objective of the invention is to present an innovative compostable biodegradable plastic composition comprising 40% renewable vegetable base, modified phosphated thermoplastic starch presented in the approved document of the same applicant and no. BR 102021015566-3 chemically modified through phosphating steps followed by a pre-gelatinization step, in addition to items such as soybean oil and vegetable wax.

[014] Another objective of this invention is to present an innovative biodegradable plastic composition, specially developed for the production of plastic films for making bags which, when discarded in the environment, biodegrade in a few months when disposed of on the ground. DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

[015] To complement the present description in order to obtain a better understanding of the characteristics of the present invention and in accordance with a preferred practical embodiment thereof, the attached description is provided where:

[016] Figure 1 represents a set of photographic images that illustrates the plastic film made with this composition presented in two different thicknesses, one sample being 45 microns and the other sample being 15 microns, the standard thickness of bags. In these photographic images it is possible to observe the biodegradation of the plastic. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[017] This patent application relates to “PLASTIC COMPOSITION Petition 870260049123, dated 05 / 22 / 2026, page 20 / 23 / 5 Biodegradable compostable material suitable for the production of plastic films and the making of bags.

[018] According to the present invention, the compostable biodegradable plastic composition has the following composition: (1) fossil-based biodegradable polymer (PBAT); (2) phosphated modified vegetable thermoplastic starch; (3) biodegradable polymer with 45% renewable source, derived from sugars (PBS); (4) soybean oil; (5) vegetable wax.

[019] Having described all the ingredients of the present invention, it should be understood that, in a preferred percentage for each item, the following are provided: - 47.7% of Item (1) biodegradable polymer from fossil source (PBAT); - 27% of item (2) vegetable thermoplastic starch comprising phosphated modified starch, double-distilled glycerin, maleic anhydride, citric acid and zinc stearate and obtained in accordance with the process presented in document no. BR 102021015566-3; - 21% of item (3) biodegradable polymer; - 4% of item (4) Soybean oil; - 0.3% of item (5) Vegetable wax.

[020] The percentages of each item may vary slightly in quantity, especially between phosphate-modified thermoplastic starch and biodegradable polymer (PBS).

[021] It is understood that when the present invention is put into practice, modifications may be introduced with regard to certain details, without departing from the fundamental principles that are clearly substantiated in the claims, it being understood that the terminology used was not intended to be limiting. Petition 870260049123, dated 05 / 22 / 2026, pages 21 / 23

Claims

CLAIM 1) “COMPOSITION OF BIODEGRADABLE COMPOSTABLE PLASTIC, of ​​the type for the production of plastic films and the making of bags, characterized by ingredients having a preferred percentage of: - 47.7% by weight of biodegradable polymer from fossil sources (PBAT); - 27% by weight of vegetable thermoplastic starch comprising phosphate starch, distilled glycerin, maleic anhydride, citric acid and zinc stearate; - 21% by weight of biodegradable polymer PBS; - 4% by weight of soybean oil; - 0.3% by weight of vegetable wax. Petition 870260049123, dated 05 / 22 / 2026, page 22 / 23

Images