Construction configuration and operating method of a spraying system for selective and localized application of multiple fluids

Description

/ 22 DESCRIPTIVE REPORT Constructive configuration and operating method of a SPRAYING system for selective and localized application of multiple fluids. Field of the invention.

[001] The present innovation relates to the field of chemical spraying in the agricultural sector. Specifically, it concerns an innovative constructive configuration of an agricultural spraying system, which can be operated in an integrated and customized manner for a specific commercial sprayer, or in an interchangeable configuration for various types of sprayers. This system is characterized by an extra busbar that interconnects multiple chemical tanks, facilitating its integration with a variety of commercial sprayers for the selective and localized application of fluids. The operating method developed for this system ensures a precise and efficient distribution of multiple fluids, aiming to optimize the spraying process and increase the effectiveness of agricultural application. State of the Art

[002] Advances in application technologies in the agricultural sector have been essential to meet the growing demands for efficiency, precision and sustainability in input management.

[003] Selective and localized spraying is one of the most promising approaches to meet this demand, allowing for the precise application of chemicals while minimizing waste and environmental impacts. However, several commercial techniques still face limitations that result in less effective applications.

[004] An example of existing technology is the John Deere See & Spray™ Ultimate system, which uses an advanced camera-based detection method to selectively apply chemicals. Although it represented a Petition 870250011672, dated 12 / 02 / 2025, page 7 / 46 / 22 significant advance over previous technologies, its single application bar approach may limit the flexibility in optimally separating different product groups during spraying.

[005] Greeneye Technology also offers a solution for selective application, using camera systems that detect weeds in real time, with the aim of carrying out a targeted application on them. This solution has two booms for simultaneous application, connected to tanks of pre-mixed solutions.

[006] The proposed solution differs from this model by incorporating an in-line fluid mixing system, which allows the mixture to be prepared precisely at the time of application. This system uses heated solvent(s) in separate tank(s), combined with a selection of pure chemicals, resulting in a highly efficient and adaptable formulation. This approach not only increases operational flexibility but also maximizes treatment effectiveness.

[007] Another distinguishing feature is the use of georeferenced maps in a preliminary phase, allowing for more effective prior planning, enabling simultaneous action on various problems, addressing multiple pests and diseases with precision and agility, instead of being limited to controlling a small group of pests. Thus, the solution stands out for its ability to adapt quickly to crop needs, optimizing resources and promoting more sustainable and efficient management.

[008] In the case of the Rogator937 H sprayer from Fendit, it offers a design with two separate tanks, but it can only store two different spray mixtures, unlike the design presented here.

[009] Another relevant technology found on the market is the Sidekick Direct Injection system from Raven Industries, which allows the direct injection of products into Petition 870250011672, dated 12 / 02 / 2025, page 8 / 46 / 22 spray line from separate tanks, offering greater flexibility in the choice of mixtures. However, this system does not incorporate a method to guarantee the homogeneity of the mixtures at ideal temperatures, and it does not have an extra bar for product selection in order to avoid antagonism between them, which can compromise the effectiveness of the application.

[010] The proposed invention stands out for its innovative characteristic, resulting from the synergistic combination of several competencies that, when used individually or in different combinations, do not achieve the same level of effectiveness in the final product. The combination of these characteristics transforms the application into an optimized and differentiated process.

[011] In addition to offering an advanced selective and localized spray configuration, using parallel spray bars to avoid unwanted mixing of chemicals, this invention incorporates heated solvent tank(s). This innovation not only enhances the dissolution of the products, but also maintains the mixture at an ideal temperature, improving its homogeneity.

[012] Additionally, the selective application system allows the use of multiple mixtures simultaneously, which not only increases versatility but also operational efficiency. This innovation does not reside in isolated elements, but in the harmonization of characteristics that, together, enhance the performance and applicability of the final product.

[013] Thus, this set of characteristics highlights the invention as a superior solution, capable of offering benefits compared to other existing technologies. Fundamentals of innovation

[014] In the current context of agriculture, efficiency in the use of chemical pesticides has become imperative, both for economic profitability and for Petition 870250011672, dated 12 / 02 / 2025, page 9 / 46 / 22, regarding the environmental sustainability of agricultural operations. The innovation presented refers to a constructive spraying configuration that optimizes the application of pesticides, providing a precise and localized dosage, which guarantees maximum product effectiveness while significantly reducing the amount of area to be treated.

[015] Based on established scientific principles and recommended practices in the agricultural field, this configuration aims not only to increase the final profitability of the crop, but also to minimize the environmental impacts associated with the use of pesticides.

[016] This new spraying system provides substantial savings in pesticides, application time, fuel, and equipment maintenance costs. Reducing the number of sprayer entries into the field not only optimizes the logistics of agricultural operations but also minimizes soil compaction and water stress. In addition, it reduces CO2 (carbon dioxide) emissions into the atmosphere, promoting a healthier and more sustainable agricultural ecosystem.

[017] Additionally, the innovative approach ensures less environmental contamination and reduces the exposure of active molecules, thus decreasing the risk of pests developing resistance. This methodology, besides meeting economic demands, positions the producer in compliance with the requirements for obtaining sustainability certifications, strengthening their market presence in the face of an increasingly conscious consumer.

[018] The implementation of this innovation represents a significant advance in the pursuit of sustainability and efficiency in contemporary agriculture, reflecting the commitment of science and innovation to promoting more responsible and profitable agricultural practices. Petition 870250011672, dated 12 / 02 / 2025, page 10 / 46 / 22 Brief description of the invention

[019] In operation, the system uses geolocation mapping (via GPS / GNSS) to identify the specific needs of each previously mapped area. Based on this information, it automatically adjusts the dosages according to the data collected.

[020] In the traditional spraying process, there are two main types of application: preventive and corrective. Preventive application is carried out comprehensively, covering the entire cultivated area, with the aim of protecting the crop against pests and diseases before significant damage occurs. Corrective application, on the other hand, is localized to specific regions of the crop where there is a punctual occurrence of pests, diseases and / or nutritional deficiencies, allowing for more precise and efficient control.

[021] In this way, the main tank stores a solution or suspension resulting from the mixture of the chemical product (pesticides, adjuvants, foliar fertilizers, among others) with a solvent liquid, usually water. This mixture, called spray solution, is intended for preventive application, based on the overall needs of the crop, and is carried out across the entire area, using only one of the spray booms.

[022] In parallel, a second tank, with heated solvent, is used to better dissolve the pure chemicals coming from other separate tanks.

[023] The solvent temperature is adjusted based on the physicochemical characteristics of each chemical product used, to enhance the product's solubility, resulting in a more homogeneous mixture at the end. This second spray boom is preferably intended for carrying out corrective spraying in specific areas previously identified by the georeferenced scanning process of the crop. Petition 870250011672, dated 12 / 02 / 2025, page 11 / 46 / 22

[024] Pure chemical tanks keep the products separate until the moment of mixing, preventing any prior interaction that could compromise the quality of the solution. When the machine identifies an area that requires treatment, it automatically determines the proportions and products needed to meet the specific demand.

[025] The mixing process takes place in a component called an in-line mixer. Each pure chemical circuit has its own unique in-line mixer. These mixers are connected both to the heated solvent tank and to their respective pure chemical tanks. Each mixer inlet contains a filter and a check valve.

[026] The function of the filter is to retain possible impurities and solid particles present in the tanks, preventing clogging of nozzles, hoses and other system components. The function of the restriction valve is to prevent the return of fluids, thus avoiding contamination of those that are pure and contained in their respective tanks.

[027] The proportion of chemical product(s) injected into the mixer is controlled by the variable flow pumping system found in each pure chemical circuit. The process requires pre-calibration of this pumping system for each chemical product used, to compensate for differences in density, viscosity, and other factors of each one.

[028] After mixing in the mixer, the solution is sent to the application controls, which control the opening of each section of the spray bar to distribute the product directly to the necessary areas. The flow control of the chemicals is based both on data collected during the pre-calibration of the pumps and on the vehicle's speed. Petition 870250011672, dated 12 / 02 / 2025, page 12 / 46 / 22, thus enabling the injection of the exact amount of product needed for each region of the crop, as the vehicle moves.

[029] The separation of busbars eliminates any risk of cross-contamination between the different chemicals used. In this way, the system is able to prepare and apply more than one distinct recipe, using one or more products that are stored individually, using one mixture in one section simultaneously with another distinct mixture, varying products in another section at the same time, thus optimizing the use of resources, reducing waste and ensuring an efficient and high-quality application, with less environmental contamination and less carbon dioxide emissions.

[030] This is another differentiating factor of this equipment compared to current solutions found on the market, which only allow controlling the proportion of fluids in each section, but do not allow the simultaneous application of different products in different sections. In addition, the use of two separate busbars avoids the antagonism of chemical products, allowing compounds that do not have antagonisms with each other to be directed to the same pipeline.

[031] In this way, by minimizing excessive consumption of inputs and avoiding rework, the system significantly reduces operating costs, promoting greater profitability and aligning with the principles of agricultural sustainability. Brief description of the figures

[032] Figure 1 shows the solvent tank (2b) with heating, the two spray bars (1a) and (1b) arranged parallel to each other, and the chemical product tanks (2c) with their respective selective spray control systems. Petition 870250011672, dated 12 / 02 / 2025, page 13 / 46 / 22

[033] Figure 2 illustrates the functional diagram of the spray line with heated solvent tank (2b), together with the pure chemical tanks (2c) and their respective proportional pumping components (3), in-line mixer (4), selective control block for the boom sections (7), among others.

[034] In Figure 3, one of the possible heating systems (SA) of the solvent tank (2b) (usually water) can be observed, which uses the cooling system of the vehicle's internal combustion engine (10).

[035] Figure 4 illustrates an example using three chemical product tanks (2c) (A), (2c) (B) and (2c) (C). The diagram demonstrates one of the possible combinations of simultaneous applications, where each product (PA) (PB) and (PC) is applied in different boom sections, which have a plurality of spray nozzles (18).

[036] Figure 5 shows a possible embodiment of the agricultural sprayer (SPA) in a self-propelled sprayer, simulating a localized spray on a type of weed (23).

[037] Figure 6 illustrates an embodiment of the agricultural spraying system (APS) coupled to a tractor.

[038] Figure 7 simulates the simultaneous application of the agricultural spraying system (APS) in two distinct mapped areas.

[039] Figure 8 provides a graphical representation of the flowchart of the proposed spraying method, with its respective steps and interdependencies.

[040] Figure 9 illustrates a real-world example of a georeferenced map obtained through drone scanning, indicating the presence of caterpillars. Although the map is presented in shades of gray, it is normally displayed in a color palette, which facilitates the identification of patterns and the distinction between Petition 870250011672, dated 12 / 02 / 2025, page 14 / 46 / 22 different areas or categories, as colors are visually more striking and intuitive for most people.

[041] This map illustrates a typical example of a corrective application, as the pest infestation is concentrated in only about 2.4% of the total area. With this type of equipment, it is possible to target treatments only to the affected areas, avoiding the unnecessary application of products in the remaining areas, which represent approximately 97.6% of the total area. In this way, not only are resources saved, but the environmental impact is also minimized, ensuring a more effective approach to pest control.

[042] Figure 10 presents another real-world example of the same area, with a georeferenced map generated during the same drone overflight, indicating the presence of stink bugs. In this case, approximately 2.8% of the total area was affected by the pest, reiterating the relevance of selective and localized application in agricultural practices. This technique not only allows for more efficient resource management, directing interventions only where necessary, but also contributes to the sustainability of cultivation, minimizing the excessive use of chemicals and promoting healthier and more productive crops. Detailed description of the invention

[043] The present invention relates to an Agricultural Spraying System (APS) that can be integrated into various types of agricultural vehicles, such as: self-propelled sprayers; agricultural tractors with attached or trailed sprayers; among others, and can be used in multiple configurations.

[044] One of its achievements consists of equipment that already has the spray bars (1a) and (1b) in its Spray Bar (BP), together with the spray tanks (2a), heated solvent tank (2b) and various chemical product tanks (2c), which operate together with their respective Blocks of Petition 870250011672, dated 12 / 02 / 2025, page 15 / 46 / 22 Spraying Command (BCP), GPS / GNSS receiver (14), control system(s) with display (13), vehicle speed sensor(s) and other components, providing a complete and already integrated solution.

[045] A second possible embodiment is the integration of the second boom (1b), heated solvent tank (2b), chemical product tanks (2c), together with their Spray Control Blocks (BCP) and other components, into a commercial sprayer that already has the main boom (1a), spray tank (2a), GPS / GNSS receiver (14), vehicle speed sensor(s) (22), and respective command and control systems. This configuration is characterized as interchangeable with multiple sprayers, and can be removed and reinstalled in other equipment as needed.

[046] A third potential embodiment consists of integrating the heated solvent tank (2b), the chemical tanks (2c) and their respective spray control blocks (BCP), as well as the GPS / GNSS receiver (14), vehicle speed sensors (22), control system with display (13), spray bar (1b) and other components, into a traditional agricultural tractor. In this format, the system offers an interchangeable solution for corrective applications, allowing the selective and localized application of chemicals, which represents an excellent solution for the agricultural sector.

[047] To understand the effectiveness of the proposed agricultural spraying system, it is essential to analyze the configuration of its component parts. As illustrated in Figure 2, the boom (1a) is connected to the main tank (2a), which is intended for storing the spray solution (mixture of liquid substances used in agricultural applications). The second boom (1b), in turn, is connected to a heated solvent tank (2b) and to additional tanks (2c) intended for storing pure chemical fluids. This configuration allows for efficient and coordinated operation of the system. Petition 870250011672, dated 12 / 02 / 2025, page 16 / 46 / 22

[048] These chemicals are dosed by means of a proportional pumping system (3) with variable flow, individualized for chemical product circuit (CPQ), which directs the contents to the in-line mixer (4), also exclusive, where mixing with the solvent, most often water, coming from the secondary tank (2b), occurs, to produce the mixture suitable for the needs of the area to be applied, thus avoiding the antagonism produced by an undesirable mixture between different chemicals.

[049] The process is monitored by flow sensors (5), one for each chemical product circuit (CPQ), ensuring precise dosing of the mixture between the fluids coming from the clean water tanks (2b) and pure chemicals (2c).

[050] Filters (15) are coupled to the outlet of each pump to prevent solid particles and contaminants from the spray liquid, such as dust, dirt, debris and chemical residues, from being sent to the spray nozzles (18), thus preventing possible clogging. Flow check valves (16) are coupled to the mixer inlets (4) to prevent reverse flow.

[051] Mixture control is performed based on data collected during the precalibration of the proportional pumping system (3), and also on flow values ​​instantly captured by flow sensors (5), located at the inlet of each set of section opening control valves (7). In this way, it is possible to obtain a precise dosage of fluids coming from the pure chemical product tanks (2c) with the heated solvent (clean water) tank (2b).

[052] After the correct mixture dosage, flow control for the respective section(s) of the bar(s) (1a) and (1b) is also performed by the proportional pumping system (3), which compensates for the mixture proportion by adjusting based on the vehicle's speed of movement.

[053] The opening control of each bar section is done by distinct valve(s)^) (7), which direct the fluid to the application in the respective Petition 870250011672, dated 12 / 02 / 2025, page 17 / 46 / 22 section(s) of bar(s) (8). In this way, it is possible to simultaneously obtain a combined application of products in different sections of the Spray Bar (BP), thus allowing greater flexibility in application, this being one of the differentiating factors of this innovative equipment compared to other solutions available on the market.

[054] Figure 4 shows an example of an implementation with the application of 3 different products (A, B and C), which are directed to 3 different boom sections, simultaneously promoting 3 sprays with different products (PA, PB and PC).

[055] This configuration ensures a homogeneous mixture and precise dosage of inputs, based on information obtained from georeferenced maps, previously generated by drones or other similar techniques, which offer relevant data on crop conditions and the presence of pests or diseases.

[056] As illustrated in Figure 3, the soluble tank (2b), usually clean water, has a heating system (SA) that allows adjusting, in a thermostatic valve (9), the water temperature to a suitable range, to enhance mixing with the respective chemicals in tanks (2c).

[057] Based on scientific studies, it has been established that the ideal temperature to optimize the dissolution of most fluids used in agriculture is in the range of 20 to 40 degrees Celsius. The most effective average temperature for the main chemicals was determined to be 32 degrees Celsius, which provides a more efficient dissolution of their inert components in water.

[058] The tank water heating system (2b) can utilize different heat sources to maximize heat exchange efficiency. Among these sources, the following stand out: the cooling fluid of the combustion engine (10), the hydraulic fluid of the tractor drive system, and the air system fluid. Petition 870250011672, dated 12 / 02 / 2025, page 18 / 46 / 22 conditioned, and a combination of these elements may be used to increase the heat exchange potential. One or more lines with the hot fluid (LQ) is / are directed to one or more heat exchangers inserted inside the clean water tank (2b).

[059] The heat exchanger(s) may adopt various heat transfer technologies, such as, for example, coil (11), shell-and-tube exchanger or other methods available on the market, ensuring flexibility and efficiency in the process. After passing through the exchanger(s) promoting the heating of the tank fluid, the cooling fluid(s) return(s) to their respective original systems via the cooled fluid line (LR).

[060] For practical purposes, throughout the text the configuration that uses the cooling fluid from the combustion engine (10) of the machinery and its respective radiator (17), as well as a heat exchanger in the form of a coil (11), is presented. However, the application of other heat exchange systems that better meet the needs and availability of the application is not ruled out.

[061] The target temperature for the solvent is controlled by means of a thermostatic valve (9), which is referenced by a temperature sensor (12) introduced into the clean water tank (2b). The connection to the temperature sensor (CST) can be made by means of an electrical cable, fiber optic, or other suitable type depending on the technology used by the thermostatic valve (9).

[062] The proposed Agricultural Spraying (SPA) configuration can use one or more control systems with display (13), which is mounted inside the vehicle cab, as illustrated in Figure 5. Throughout the text, the version with two controllers with displays (13) is presented, one for each spray boom (1a) (1b), allowing for better visualization of the application, but it is worth reinforcing that other combinations are viable and are part of the scope of applications presented here. Petition 870250011672, dated 12 / 02 / 2025, page 19 / 46 / 22

[063] It is important to highlight that the invention is not limited to the number of tanks presented (2a, 2b and 2c), nor to the number of booms (1a and 1b). Therefore, the flexibility in the configuration of this agricultural spraying system (APS) allows adaptations according to the specific needs of each application. This innovative feature not only maximizes operational efficiency, but also expands the possibilities for customization for different scenarios in the agricultural sector, ensuring that the invention proves to be versatile and applicable to a wide range of spraying contexts and requirements. The proposed method (Figure 8) for applying this Agricultural Spraying System (APS) is based on the following steps: m01 - Area Scan

[064] Scanning the agricultural area using a drone as a representative example for the implementation of the invention. This choice is due to its proven effectiveness; however, it should be noted that the present invention also includes other techniques that are viable and that can contribute to its application in different scenarios.

[065] The aerial scanning process performed by drones uses high-tech cameras, such as RGB, infrared, and multispectral. These cameras capture detailed images of the crop and spectral data of the biomass, providing information on plant health in various spectral ranges. This data makes it possible to identify the nutritional status of the plants and detect possible environmental stresses, such as the presence of pests, diseases, and other adverse conditions. m02 - Georeferencing of Data

[066] After scanning, the captured images and information are georeferenced using global positioning techniques (GPS / GNSS). This ensures that each piece of data collected is associated with specific coordinates of Petition 870250011672, dated 12 / 02 / 2025, page 20 / 46 / 22 field, enabling the precise identification of locations with pests, nutritional deficiencies, or other problems. Georeferencing is crucial for mapping data spatially and organizing information for subsequent analysis.

[067] With georeferenced data, the system uses machine learning algorithms and advanced analysis techniques to interpret infestation patterns, identify the severity of problems, and correlate soil conditions with plant health. This detailed analysis helps identify areas that require intervention, such as the application of pesticides or fertilizers, allowing for more informed agricultural decisions. m03 - Creation of Risk Map(s)

[068] Based on this analysis, risk map(s) are created highlighting problematic areas in the crop, such as locations with a high incidence of pests, diseases, or nutritional deficiencies. Figures 9 and 10 illustrate two real examples of maps that demonstrate the incidence of two pest species: caterpillars and stink bugs. These maps are essential for analyzing the geographic distribution of these pests, allowing a detailed assessment of their concentration areas. This information is fundamental for developing effective control strategies and for decision-making in integrated pest management, contributing to the protection of agricultural crops.

[069] The risk map is integrated into the agricultural spraying system (APS), which automatically adjusts the application of pesticides. Using variable rate technology, the system regulates the amount of inputs in real time, ensuring targeted and precise applications. This minimizes waste, reduces operating costs and promotes greater effectiveness in crop treatment.

[070] This integrated approach, which combines aerial scanning, advanced data analysis and targeted application, represents a significant advance in agricultural management, promoting more sustainable and efficient practices. Petition 870250011672, dated 12 / 02 / 2025, page 21 / 46 / 22 m04 - Spray Control System

[071] The Control System is preferably located in the vehicle cab, to facilitate communication with the equipment operator. It is connected to a GPS / GNSS signal receiver (14), to the vehicle speed sensor(s) (22), to the section opening valves (7) and to the proportional sensors and pumps (3) of the different spraying systems.

[072] This system operates in real time to precisely and locally control the ideal dosage for each crop area, based on information from risk maps entered into the system. The system also uses the vehicle's instantaneous speed to adjust the application rate at each spray bar. m05 - Satellite Transmission (GPS / GNSS)

[073] GPS / GNSS is composed of a constellation of satellites orbiting the Earth. The GPS system is maintained by the United States government, while other systems, such as GLONASS (Russia), Galileo (European Union) and BeiDou (China), are also part of GNSS.

[074] Each satellite is equipped with multiple atomic clocks that generate radio signals. These signals include information such as the satellite's position, the exact transmission time, and system parameters. m06 - GPS / GNSS Signal Reception

[075] A GPS / GNSS receiver (14) positioned somewhere on the vehicle, usually on the cabin to avoid signal obstruction, captures the radio signals emitted by the satellites through its antennas. To obtain an accurate location, the receiver must receive signals from at least four satellites.

[076] The receiver calculates the distance to each satellite based on the time it took for the signal to travel from the satellite to the receiver. This measurement is made by multiplying the transmission time by the speed of light. Petition 870250011672, dated 12 / 02 / 2025, page 22 / 46 / 22

[077] Using distances measured from at least four satellites, the receiver applies trilateration to determine its own position on the Earth's surface. With three satellites, it is possible to locate the point in 2D (latitude and longitude), while a fourth satellite is needed to calculate the altitude (3D) and correct possible time errors from the receiver's clock.

[078] The system can rely on additional corrections, such as Differential GPS (DGPS), which uses fixed ground reference stations to provide real-time corrections, thereby improving positioning accuracy.

[079] After calculating the position, the receiver can integrate the location data with other data and tools, enabling applications such as navigation, mapping, georeferencing, and real-time activity monitoring.

[080] The GNSS system is always available anywhere in the world, as long as there is a clear line of sight to the satellites, although factors such as obstructions (buildings, trees) and atmospheric conditions can affect signal quality. m07 - Vehicle Speed ​​Sensing

[081] The instantaneous speed sensor (22) of a tractor or self-propelled sprayer is essential for monitoring the speed of the equipment during operation. In precision applications, GPS / GNSS speed sensors are preferably used, as the traditional sensor that measures the rotation of the vehicle's axle or wheel is subject to erroneous measurements when the wheel slips on the ground.

[082] Some more advanced equipment uses radar or ultrasonic sensors to calculate speed based on the reflection of emitted waves, and these are also viable options for this application.

[083] The information obtained by the sensor is sent to the control unit (13), allowing automatic adjustments in the application of inputs, as needed. Petition 870250011672, dated 12 / 02 / 2025, page 23 / 46 / 22 This ensures a more precise and efficient application, as well as collecting performance data that helps in the analysis and optimization of agricultural operations. m08 - Syrup Feeding and Storage System

[084] The spray tank (2a) is preferably used for preventive spraying. This type of spraying refers to the application of agricultural inputs, such as pesticides or fertilizers, with the aim of protecting crops against pests, diseases and nutritional deficiencies before these threats manifest themselves. This type of strategy aims to create a protective barrier, ensuring that the plant remains healthy and productive.

[085] The mixture of the spray solution can be done outside or in the sprayer itself, through mixers integrated into the vehicle. The tank has fluid supply pipes (21) with external pumping or inserted in the vehicle itself. The spray solution storage tank (2a) normally has agitators to keep the solution in motion in an attempt to prevent the products from settling. m09 - Spray Mixture Valve Control Block

[086] This system controls the application of the spray solution through a proportional valve at the block inlet, which doses the application based on the required amount, using the vehicle's speed to adjust the application rate in real time.

[087] The control block has a flow sensor (flowmeter)(5) that assists the spray control system in adjusting the application rate in real time. Boom section opening valves (7) control the release of fluid to the respective sections (8) along the boom. m10 - Spraying on the Main Boom (1a)

[088] As mentioned earlier, spraying on the main boom is intended, preferably, for preventive application in crops. Petition 870250011672, dated 12 / 02 / 2025, page 24 / 46 / 22 A commonly adopted practice is to apply spray to the entire main spray boom or, at certain times, to specific sections of the booms, in order to avoid duplication of applications in areas that have already been sprayed. This application is the most prevalent in the agricultural sector. m11 - Separate Chemical Storage System with Proportional Pumping System

[089] This system performs proportional pumping (3), controlling the amount of chemicals sent to the fluid mixer (4), based on the required quantities previously determined by the initial steps of this method (m01 to m03).

[090] As previously presented, a system calibration process is necessary for each fluid used, due to its specific characteristics, such as differences in viscosity and density. This system is controlled in real time by the spray control system (m04) to promote the correct dosage of each chemical product according to its correct application time(s).

[091] A 3-way directional valve (25), located at the outlet of the proportional pumping system (3), immediately after the filter (15), makes it possible to recirculate the chemical product(s) in its respective tank(s) (2c) through the return lines (LRQ), to minimize the occurrence of settling. m12 - Solvent Feeding and Storage System with Controlled Heating

[092] This system (SA) is responsible for storing and maintaining the solvent at a suitable temperature to enhance mixing with a given chemical product. This implementation involves adjusting the temperature in the range of 20 to 40 Petition 870250011672, dated 12 / 02 / 2025, page 25 / 46 / 22 degrees Celsius, with 32 degrees Celsius being the recommended temperature for the vast majority of the main chemical products used in agriculture.

[093] The solvent can be fed into the tank via supply line(s) (21) with external pumping, or with a pump mounted on the line (20), allowing for greater ease and flexibility of operation. After the solvent is heated to the target temperature, it is fed into the chemical circuits using a centrifugal pump (19), which is responsible for the flow rate and pressure required for spraying the mixture onto the additional busbar (1a). Pressure control on this busbar is carried out via a pressure relief valve (6), located just after the filter (15). This valve returns the excess flow to the solvent tank (2b) via the solvent return line (LRS). m13 - Chemical Mixing System with Solvent

[094] This is the stage where the pure chemicals are mixed with the heated solvent. As already shown, each chemical product circuit (CPQ) has its own mixer to avoid contamination of the mixture.

[095] The mixing(s) occur(s) as the fluids flow along the mixer(s), which use(s) a series of internal elements that produce an agitation of the fluids to promote effective mixing, which is enhanced by adjusting the solvent temperature, based on scientific studies that indicate the ideal temperatures for each fluid, as already mentioned. m14 - Additional Bus Spray Valve Control Block for Selective and Localized Applications of Multiple Fluids

[096] This system is responsible for regulating spraying in specific application areas by controlling the opening of the boom sections. By having a set of section opening valves (7) in each chemical circuit (CPQ), it enables the simultaneous and diversified application of multiple Petition 870250011672, dated 12 / 02 / 2025, page 26 / 46 / 22 fluids. This aspect constitutes a significant differentiating factor of this invention in relation to other solutions available on the market. m15 - Selective and Localized Spraying of Multiple Fluids

[097] Finally, carrying out this step allows for the selective and localized application of fluids, resulting in a large number of possible product application combinations, tailored to the needs of each area throughout the crop.

[098] In conclusion, this method is characterized by allowing the applications carried out by the two booms (1a) and (1b) to be done individually or simultaneously, providing flexibility and efficiency in the application of agricultural pesticides. The ability to operate the booms (1a) and (1b) independently or together allows the adaptation of spraying practices to different field conditions and specific crop requirements, promoting more effective management of the inputs used, which is a benefit of the method proposed here.

[099] It is worth noting that this Agricultural Spraying System (APS) can be used both on tractors with self-propelled sprayers, also known as Self-Propelled Sprayers, illustrated in Figure 7, as well as in applications with tractors with attached sprayers, as shown in Figure 6, tractors with trailed sprayers, among others, bringing greater application flexibility.

[100] The number of chemical tanks (2c) is adjustable according to the specific needs of the producer or regional characteristics. This configuration with separate piping and spray nozzles eliminates the risk of improper mixing or antagonism between chemicals.

[101] It is important to note that the innovation described is not limited to the specific representations provided. The invention must be understood in its broad scope. Petition 870250011672, dated 12 / 02 / 2025, page 27 / 46 / 22 scope, and it is possible that many modifications and different representations may be developed from the descriptions and drawings presented.

[102] The invention is not restricted to the specific form disclosed and should be interpreted as encompassing any alterations or variations that are within the scope of the appended claims. Although specific terms are used, they are merely descriptive and are not intended to limit the innovation in any way. Petition 870250011672, dated 12 / 02 / 2025, p. 28 / 46

Claims

1 / 6 CLAIMS 1. Agricultural spraying system for selective and localized application of multiple fluids, characterized by: spray bar (BP) comprising parallel bars (1a) and (1b), each with its plurality of spray nozzles (18); bar (1a) connecting to at least one main tank (2a) for spray mixture; additional bar (1b) connecting to at least one heated solvent tank (2b), and at least one additional tank (2c) for pure chemical fluid, where the solvent from tank (2b) is heated by the heating system (SA), and the fluids are combined in in-line mixers (4); individual proportional pumping system (3) for each tank (2c) of pure chemical fluids, which doses and transfers the fluids to the mixer (4) for combination with the solvent from tank (2b);control system with display (13), which regulates the flow rate by means of the proportional pumping system (3), the signals sent by the flow sensors (5) of the chemical product circuit(s) (CPQ) with the heated solvent, and the signals from the instantaneous speed sensor (22) of the vehicle; individual section opening control system (7) in each chemical product circuit (CPQ) with the heated solvent to combine the fluids in distinct bar sections (8) simultaneously; at least one control system with display (13) interconnected to GPS / GNSS receivers (14) and instantaneous speed sensor(s) (22) of vehicle locomotion. Petition 870250011672, dated 12 / 02 / 2025, page 29 / 46 2 / 6; 2. Agricultural spraying system for selective and localized application of multiple fluids, according to claim 1, characterized by flow check valves (16) being installed at the mixer(s) inlets (4) to prevent reverse flow.

3. Agricultural spraying system for selective and localized application of multiple fluids, according to claim 1, characterized in that pressure relief valve(s) (6) are installed at the outlet(s) of the solvent tank(s) (2b), after the centrifugal pump (19) and the filter (15).

4. Agricultural spraying system for selective and localized application of multiple fluids, according to claim 1, characterized by the pumping outlet (3), after filter (15), having a directional valve (25) installed.

5. Agricultural spraying system for selective and localized application of multiple fluids, according to claim 1, characterized by heating system(s) (SA) adjusting the temperature by means of a thermostatic valve (9) referenced by temperature sensor(s) (12) installed internally to the solvent tank(s) (2b).

6. Agricultural spraying system for selective and localized application of multiple fluids, according to claim 1, characterized by heating system(s) (SA) heating(s) the water in tank (2b) in the range of 20 to 40 degrees Celsius, personally at 32 degrees Celsius.

7. Agricultural spraying system for selective and localized application of multiple fluids, according to claim 1, characterized by heating system(s) (HS), preferably using the cooling fluid of the combustion engine (10) as a heat source, wherein one or more lines with hot fluid(s) (HF) are directed to one or more heat exchangers inserted inside the solvent tank (2b). Petition 870250011672, dated 12 / 02 / 2025, p. 30 / 46 3 / 6 8. Agricultural spraying system for selective and localized application of multiple fluids, according to claim 7, characterized in that the heat exchanger is preferably of the serpentine type (11).

9. Agricultural spraying system for selective and localized application of multiple fluids, according to claim 1, characterized in that the mixture control between (2b) and (2c) is carried out based on georeferenced maps of the crop (24), on data collected in the pre-calibration of the proportional pumping system (3), on flow values ​​instantly captured by flow sensors (5), and also on values ​​measured by the instantaneous speed sensors (22) of the sprayer.

10. Agricultural spraying system for selective and localized application of multiple fluids, according to claim 1, characterized by comprising at least one control with display (13), at least one GPS / GNSS signal receiver (14), and at least one instantaneous vehicle locomotion speed sensor (22).

11. Agricultural spraying system for selective and localized application of multiple fluids, according to claim 1, characterized in that the spraying system (SPA) has the optional configuration of the additional boom (1b), connected to at least one heated solvent tank (2b), at least one additional tank (2c) of pure chemical fluid, where the solvent in tank (2b) is heated by the heating system (SA), the fluids being combined in in-line mixers (4), in a configuration interchangeable with multiple sprayers.

12. Agricultural spraying system for selective and localized application of multiple fluids, according to claim 1, characterized in that the spraying system (SPA) has the optional configuration of an additional boom (1b), connected to at least one heated solvent tank (2b), at least one additional tank (2c) of pure chemical fluid, where the solvent from the tank (2b) is heated by the heating system (SA), the fluids being combined in in-line mixers (4), at least one control with display (13), at least one GPS / GNSS signal receiver, and at least one instantaneous vehicle speed sensor, in a configuration interchangeable to multiple tractors.

13. Method of operation of the agricultural spraying system for selective and localized application of multiple fluids, characterized in that the method of operation of the agricultural spraying system for application according to claim 1,based on the following steps: m01 - Area Scanning; m02 - Data Georeferencing; m03 - Creation of Risk Map(s); m04 - Spray Control System; m05 - Satellite Transmission (GPS / GNSS); m06 - GPS / GNSS Signal Reception; m07 - Vehicle Speed ​​Sensing; m08 - Spray Mixture Feeding and Storage System; m09 - Spray Mixture Valve Control Block; m10 - Spraying on the Main Boom (1a); m11 - Separate Chemical Storage System with Proportional Pumping System; m12 - Solvent Feeding and Storage System with Controlled Heating; m13 - Chemical Mixing System with Solvent; m14 - Spray Valve Control Block for the Additional Boom for Selective and Localized Applications of Multiple Fluids; m15 - Selective and Localized Spraying of Multiple Fluids. Petition 870250011672, dated 12 / 02 / 2025.Page 32 / 46 5 / 6 14. Method of operation of the agricultural spraying system for selective and localized application of multiple fluids, according to claim 13, characterized by: performing the georeferencing of data in step m02, integrating the data collected in step m01 with their respective spatial locations, using the global positioning system (GPS / GNSS) of step m05; performing step m01 preferably using scanning via drones with cameras; with the georeferenced data, machine learning algorithms and analysis techniques are used to interpret image patterns, and thus identify infestation of locations with pests, soil conditions with plant health, nutritional deficiencies or other problems, for the generation of risk maps of step m03.

15. Method of operation of the agricultural spraying system for selective and localized application of multiple fluids,15. Method of operation of the agricultural spraying system for selective and localized application of multiple fluids, according to claim 14, characterized by the cameras of stage m01 being RGB, infrared or multispectral; 16. Method of operation of the agricultural spraying system for selective and localized application of multiple fluids, according to claim 13, characterized by integrating the risk map of stage m03 into the spraying control system m04, which automatically adjusts the application of pesticides, using variable rate, to regulate the amount of inputs in real time.

17. Method of operation of the agricultural spraying system for selective and localized application of multiple fluids, according to claim 13, characterized by performing spraying control in stage m04 by means of vehicle location using: Petition 870250011672, dated 12 / 02 / 2025, page 33 / 46 6 / 6 GPS / GNSS signal receiver(s) (14),which allow(s) identifying the position of the equipment in the field; instantaneous speed sensor(s) (22) of vehicle locomotion, enabling dynamic adjustments in fluid dosage; proportional valves (6), section opening valves (7), flow sensors (5) and proportional pumps (3) of the different spraying systems, to perform selective and localized spraying of multiple fluids. Petition 870250011672, dated 12 / 02 / 2025, pp. 34 / 46,

Images