Scale, system and method for weighing by passage and for identifying the weight on each legs of animals

Description

1 / 27 Descriptive Report of Invention Patent Scale, System and Method for Weighing by Passage and for Identifying the Weight on Each Hoof of Animals Field of Invention

[0001] The present invention is situated in the fields of livestock farming and intelligent weighing systems. More specifically, the invention provides an intelligent scale for weighing by passing, and a system and method for weighing each individual hoof of an animal, providing distinction between the front, rear and side weights of the animals and provides weighing by passing more than one animal simultaneously on the scale. The invention further provides: identification of anomalies in the animals' gait; measurement of individual weights and centers of mass when more than one animal is stepping on the scale; a solution that makes it intrinsically immune to misalignment in the load content and variations in the angles of the animals' strides. Background of the Invention

[0002] Animal weighing scales have certain peculiarities, such as the need for robustness and the ability to withstand mud, urine, and other dirt. In the management of large numbers of animals, as in the case of cattle farming, the process of moving animals to conventional scales, usually installed in a corral, causes stress and weight loss in the animals, in addition to requiring considerable handling time. For these reasons, frequent weighing of animals is not technically and / or economically viable. One consequence is that animals are weighed only sporadically, so periods of weight gain and / or loss in each animal may not be adequately detected, hindering efforts to improve herd productivity and / or health.

[0003] Animal weighing scales by passage have been developed Petition 870250016722, dated 28 / 02 / 2025, page 8 / 51 2 / 27 to minimize these problems, they are normally used between pastures or between pastures and watering troughs or animal supplementation feeders. This arrangement allows animals to naturally pass through the scales daily, without increased stress and consequent weight loss, and without the need for human handling of large numbers of animals when such scales include communication and individual animal identification systems (such as RFID, for example).

[0004] The state of the art that circumscribes the invention includes the following documents.

[0005] Patent BR102014020091-6, granted to EMBRAPA and COIMMA Ltda, is entitled “Automatic Field Weighing System with Remote Data Transmission”. This document discloses an automatic field weighing system characterized by comprising: a physical structure designated as a platform, forming an open field area and an administrative headquarters area, - the field area of ​​said platform comprising an animal weighing compartment contained in the central area of ​​the platform, a weighing communication antenna positioned by a vertical support, an electronic scale, load cells interconnected to the scale and a photovoltaic panel, said central area of ​​the platform being preceded and followed by physical obstacles to reduce the animal's passage speed designated as delay devices and equipped with presence sensors and an electronic microchip reader, the central area of ​​the platform together with the delay device that precedes it and the delay device that follows it constituting a mandatory passage corridor structure for the animal; and - The platform's headquarters area comprises a headquarters communication antenna, positioned by a vertical support, and a microcomputer; the elements of said platform are further integrated by means of system management software. Petition 870250016722, dated 28 / 02 / 2025, page 9 / 51 3 / 27

[0006] The present invention does not use the aforementioned solution, in addition to providing numerous improvements over it.

[0007] Patent BR 102028076551-5, granted to Robert Bosch Ltda on April 30, 2024, is entitled “Mobile and Modular Device for Dynamic Weighing of Animals”. Said document discloses a dynamic weighing system comprising an identification module and a weighing module, said device being characterized by the fact that: The identification module consists of: a support structure; a processing module; a solar panel; an antenna; and an identifier. - The weighing module consists of: a base; at least one pair of side walls; at least one weighing platform; at least one load cell; and at least one amplifier and transmission box, wherein the side walls are opposite each other, defining a passage between them for the movement of an animal through the at least one weighing platform, wherein each of the side walls comprises a fixed portion and a movable portion configured to pivot in relation to the fixed portion.

[0008] The present invention does not use the aforementioned solution, in addition to providing numerous improvements over it. Furthermore, there are no known walk-through scales that: (i) provide individual weighing of each hoof; (ii) provide distinction between the front and rear weight of the animal; (iii) provide distinction between the weights of each side of an animal; (iv) and / or identify a lame animal. The present invention solves these problems simultaneously.

[0009] Based on the literature reviewed, no documents were found that anticipated or suggested the teachings of the present creation / secret / invention. The invention now revealed possesses, in the eyes of the inventors, novelty and inventive activity compared to the state of the art. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The present invention discloses an intelligent and improved balance for Petition 870250016722, dated 28 / 02 / 2025, page 10 / 51 4 / 27 weighing by passing, and a weighing system and method that distinguishes the front, rear, and side weights of animals and provides weighing by passing more than one animal simultaneously on the scale. The invention further provides: identification of anomalies in the animals' gait; measurement of individual weights and centers of mass when more than one animal is stepping on the scale; and a solution that makes it intrinsically immune to misalignment in the load content and variations in the angles of the animals' gaits.

[0011] One of the objects of the invention is a flow scale comprising: - at least three solid square or rectangular plates, which the animals step on as they pass by; - at least four load cells on each of said plates, the cells being positioned near or at the four vertices of said plates; - a circuit receives signals from these cells and processes the corresponding data.

[0012] Another object of the invention is a system for weighing animals by passage comprising: - the scale mentioned above; - a scale control system composed of three microcontrollers, each reading four load cells; and - a processor or software embedded in hardware configured to identify the load position of each footprint on each plate, by computing the four independent values ​​of each load cell on each plate, determining the weight on each paw of the animal and the total weight of the animal.

[0013] Another object of the invention is a method for weighing animals by passage that identifies the proportion between the weight of each of the animal's four paws, said method comprising: - taking successive measurements of the four footprints; - the calculation of the ratio between two weight readings of the front legs and the two Petition 870250016722, dated 28 / 02 / 2025, page 11 / 51 5 / 27 weight readings of the hind legs, indicating the weight ratio between the forequarters and hindquarters; and / or - Calculate the ratio between two weight readings of two front legs or two hind legs, identifying whether an animal is lame or limping when the ratio between the two legs considered is less than 45%.

[0014] These and other objects of the invention will be immediately appreciated by those skilled in the art and by companies with interests in the segment, and will be described in sufficient detail for their reproduction in the following description. Brief Description of the Figures

[0015] The following figures are presented:

[0016] Figure 1 shows a photo of an embodiment of the walk-through scale of the invention, including 3 independent and consecutive 1 x 1 m free area segments for measurement. The plate at the bottom of the image shows a grid to accommodate the measurement method and the tests performed.

[0017] Figure 2 shows a schematic representation of the network connection diagram of a balance with three independent segments (A, B and C).

[0018] Figure 3 shows a representative diagram of an animal's footprints on the scale sections (A, B, and C), showing the footprint positions of each bovine hoof as it passes through the aforementioned segments. The numbers 1 to 12 represent different footprint times, and the alphanumeric indications represent how many hooves are in each segment A, B, and / or C.

[0019] Figure 4 shows a cross-sectional view of a balance embodiment of the invention, where LC stands for Load Cell.

[0020] Figure 5 shows a top view of a balance embodiment of the invention, showing a structural base of angle brackets, where load cells are fixed, and a reinforced platform (top plate) fixed to the top of the cells. The dimensions of this specific plate embodiment and the distances between the cells are also shown.

[0021] Figure 6 shows details of the reinforcements on the underside of the plate, Petition 870250016722, dated 28 / 02 / 2025, page 12 / 51 6 / 27 including measurements.

[0022] Figure 7 shows details of the fastening accessory added between the plate and the load cell. In A) a bottom view with the respective dimensions is shown; in B) a side view with the respective dimensions is shown.

[0023] Figure 8 shows details of a load cell embodiment measuring 5.12 x 1.25 x 1.25 inches (length x width x height). D) indicates the diameter of the hole for mounting the load cell (0.53 inch); F) indicates the diameter of the first hole for mounting the load cell (0.62 inch).

[0024] Figure 9 shows details of a spacer embodiment positioned between the bottom of the load cells and the structure. The spacer is necessary to limit the maximum amount of deflection required for the cell to be used correctly. In the figure, the spacer measures 2.25 x 1.25 x 0.25 inches (length x width x height), with two holes 0.5625 inches and 1 inch apart from the centers.

[0025] Figure 10 shows details of a basic support structure, constructed with 0.25 x 2 x 2 inch angle iron (the same as the supports on the underside of the upper plates). Four different pieces with carbon steel angle iron are shown, indicated as 1001, 1002, 1003 and 1004.

[0026] Figure 11 shows details of an embodiment of part 1001 referred to in figure 10 above. In A) face 1 is shown and in B) face 2, which is closer to the ground and includes 3 holes (0.5625 in).

[0027] Figure 12 shows details of an embodiment of parts 1002 (A) and 1003 (B) referred to in figure 10 above. Some angles and measurements are shown to facilitate manufacturing / assembly.

[0028] Figure 13 shows details of an embodiment of part 1004 referred to in figure 10 above. Some angles and measurements are shown to facilitate manufacturing / assembly.

[0029] Figure 14 shows details of an embodiment of the middle weighing plate (B) and the end weighing plate of the balance (C), highlighting the Petition 870250016722, dated 28 / 02 / 2025, page 13 / 51 7 / 27 frames and parts 1001-1004 to facilitate manufacturing / assembly.

[0030] Figure 15 shows details of a complete assembly containing weighing plates A, B and C, highlighting the arrangement of frames and parts 1001-1004 to facilitate manufacturing / assembly.

[0031] Figure 16 shows details of a cross-sectional view embodiment of one of the scale segments, including: Rubber mat; Top plate; Corner reinforcement number 1002; Corner reinforcement 1001; Top plate mounting accessory; Load cell; 1 / 2 13 nut; 0.25 inch spacer; 1 / 2 - 13 x 2.25 bolt; Scale base frame.

[0032] Figure 17 shows details of a schematic representation of a complete assembly containing weighing plates A, B and C (or 1, 2 and 3), highlighting the measurements to facilitate manufacturing / assembly.

[0033] Figure 18 shows in A) details of a representative graph of the positioning of an animal's paws on one of the weighing segments / plates of the invention's balance, highlighting the grid and spatial references used to calibrate the tripartite balance. In B) the appearance of the actual grid on the plate used in field tests is shown.

[0034] Figure 19 shows details of a segment / plate embodiment. Showing two metal weights for static weight measurement tests and indicating the positioning of each according to the grid.

[0035] Figure 20 shows a preliminary dynamic weighing test with foot strike sequences identical to those of a bovine animal. These tests were repeated with horses. Detailed Description of the Invention

[0036] The present invention is useful for weighing animals in general, being predominantly aimed at weighing large numbers of animals efficiently and accurately. In one embodiment, the invention is particularly useful for solving the problem of weighing cattle by passing, Petition 870250016722, dated 28 / 02 / 2025, page 14 / 51 8 / 27 quickly and accurately, without confining the animals to a fenced area, avoiding stress and weight loss.

[0037] The present invention discloses an intelligent and improved scale for weighing by passing, and a weighing system and method that distinguishes the front, rear and side weights of animals and provides weighing by passing more than one animal simultaneously on the scale. The invention further provides: identification of anomalies in the animals' gait; measurement of individual weights and centers of mass when more than one animal is stepping on the scale; and a solution that makes it intrinsically immune to misalignment in the load content and variations in the angles of the animals' gaits.

[0038] The weighing scale of the invention comprises: - at least three solid square or rectangular plates, which the animals step on as they pass by; - at least four load cells on each of said plates, the cells being positioned near or at the four vertices of said plates; - a circuit receives signals from these cells and processes the corresponding data.

[0039] The mechanical platform of the scale of the invention has dimensions that may vary depending on the type of animal to be weighed or the handling conditions. This implies that each embodiment of the scale of the invention has a different free area.

[0040] In one embodiment, the scale of the invention utilizes the typical basic structure employed to manufacture cattle walkway scales, but introduces 12 load cells that act to measure the total and isolated load of each hoof of each animal. In one embodiment, illustrated in Figure 1, a tripartite scale is used, with 4 load cells placed in each. The scale of the invention may incorporate the aforementioned load cells installed during manufacturing, or the load cells may be installed in previously existing scales incorporating the invention. Petition 870250016722, dated 28 / 02 / 2025, page 15 / 51 9 / 27

[0041] In the case of weighing cattle, one of the main applications of the invention, the ability to accurately weigh each hoof of each animal, as well as its total weight or the proportions between the weight of certain hooves, is very useful for cattle management and assessment of productivity, weight gain and any anomalies.

[0042] In one embodiment, the balance of the invention further comprises a mechanism or system for overload protection. In one embodiment, said overload protection is a protrusion near each load cell, which is only touched if the load cell reaches 105% of its maximum working load. Up to this value, the load cell deflects freely, but upon reaching this limit value the load acts on the protrusion, transferring the load to the frame structure.

[0043] In one embodiment, the balance of the invention further comprises means of communication for making this information immediately available via digital communication.

[0044] In one embodiment, the scale of the invention further comprises means of local storage of all information, in order to prevent data loss due to lack of transmission link at the time of measurement.

[0045] In one embodiment, the scale of the invention further comprises signal processing means for identifying the animal and comparing the current measured weight with the previous weight reading of the same animal, in order to determine the variation in the animal's weight between the two measurements.

[0046] The animal weighing system by passage of the invention comprises: - the scale mentioned above; - a scale control system composed of three microcontrollers, each reading four load cells; and - a processor or embedded software in hardware configured to Petition 870250016722, dated 28 / 02 / 2025, page 16 / 51 10 / 27 identify the load position of each footprint on each plate, by computing the four independent values ​​of each load cell on each plate, determining the weight on each hoof of the animal and the total weight of the animal.

[0047] The animal weighing method by passage of the invention identifies the ratio between the weight of each of the animal's four hooves, said method comprising: - taking successive measurements of the four footprints; - the calculation of the ratio between two weight readings of the front legs and the two weight readings of the hind legs, indicating the weight proportion between the forequarters and hindquarters; and / or - Calculate the ratio between two weight readings of two front legs or two hind legs, identifying whether an animal is lame or limping when the ratio between the two legs considered is less than 45%. Example 1 - Smart Weighing Scale

[0048] In this embodiment, the invention's balance comprises 12 load cells, distributed 4 by 4 in each of the three sections of the balance, as illustrated in figures 1, 4 and / or 5. The length of the sections prevents an animal from stepping on all three parts simultaneously, allowing it to step on a maximum of two.

[0049] Even if two animals enter together, the second animal will not be able to align with the first, and so the readings can be individualized by using the method that obtains the 12 load values ​​read simultaneously or sequentially and separates the readings of the first and second animals.

[0050] Detailed Description of Load Cells, Weighing System and Overload Protection

[0051] This embodiment of the invention includes a system that operates by taking measurements at the vertices of the base of each element of the scale, regardless of the angle of the animal's step or movement. The system is protected against sudden loads and loads exceeding the expected working limit, and it accurately weighs the load contained in the 3 platforms of the scale, even if the scale has Petition 870250016722, dated 28 / 02 / 2025, page 17 / 51 11 / 27 two animals on top of it, and it is also easy to disassemble and maintain and does not require specialized operation.

[0052] Load Cells - Positioning. Commercial load cells have a fixed beam shape, with dimensions as exemplified in figures 4 and 5. The system contains 12 independent and symmetrical load cells, fixed at the vertices of the base structure, composed of 3 independent units, mounted in an assembly called a "balance". The assembly can be removed for maintenance, cleaning and calibration, simply by removing its 8 fixing screws. The 3 steel plates are simply supported on the load cells.

[0053] The values ​​measured by the load cells are summed by the reading unit, 4 by 4, and processed. The processing unit also provides a human interface, offering a range of features. The load cells have intrinsic overload protection in the form of a stop to prevent permanent damage. If you wish to deactivate the measurement system, simply switch it off.

[0054] Load Cell - Weighing System. Each scale consists of 12 load cells, 3 mechanical support structures (frame), 3 steel plates and a processing unit. Each of these items is described below.

[0055] Load Cell. A load cell is a cantilever beam fixed on one side and free on the other, which will receive the load.

[0056] Steel Cover. The 3 steel covers are plates measuring 1000 x 1000 mm and 6 mm thick. Each plate rests on the 4 load cells contained in each of the 3 elements that make up the scale. These plates may or may not have anti-slip ribs.

[0057] Scale Frame or Structure. The three steel frames that support the load measuring devices are called Frames or Structures. They also offer the practicality of allowing quick removal of the system and its maintenance, eventual repairs and bench calibration, if necessary. Petition 870250016722, dated 28 / 02 / 2025, page 18 / 51 12 / 27 If a permanent replacement is desired, simply replace the damaged frames with new ones. They are constructed from I-beams or hollow rectangular tubes in the stated dimensions. These structures may or may not be bolted onto flat plates that will serve as a base in case the ground sinks under the weight of the animals. These plates do not interfere with the measurements taken. The frames can be fixed to each other, which does not affect the measurements, since the rubberized plate rests only on the structure.

[0058] Load Cell - Overload Protection. The load cells are contained within the system called "Balance". This system has a protrusion at its base that is only touched if the load cell reaches 105% of its maximum working load (5 kN, or 500 kgf). Up to this value, the cell deflects freely. Upon reaching this value, the cell touches the stop and begins to transfer load to the frame structure, which thus does not suffer damage from plastic deformation.

[0059] Figure 9 shows a shoulder, which acts as a travel limiter, preventing the load cell from flexing more than a certain limit that could cause damage to it. This limit is determined using the Finite Element Method and then verified on the prototype.

[0060] Data transmission. Data transmission to the processing unit is done via cable. Figure 3 shows how an animal typically steps on the sections of the scale. A, B, and C represent the sections, sequentially according to the animal's movement; the numbers 1, 2, and 3 represent how many paws are on the section. Thus, for example, A3B1 means that three paws are on the first section, while one is on the second section. In Figure 3, the movement is initiated by the right front paw; if it is initiated by the left front paw, the movements, and therefore the sequence of load readings, are symmetrical. This scheme was implemented according to observations of animals in motion. The distance between the paws ensures that this scheme is representative of the reality obtained from the average of Petition 870250016722, dated 28 / 02 / 2025, page 19 / 51 13 / 27 adult animals (cattle). Example 2 - Manufacturing Drawings for a Walk-Through Cattle Weighing Scale

[0061] A specific embodiment of the balance of the invention is presented in minute detail to facilitate its reproduction, as schematically illustrated in Figure 4. As can be seen in the cross-sectional view of Figure 4, the balance consists of a structural base of angle irons, where load cells are fixed, and a platform with reinforcements (upper plate), fixed to the upper part of the cells, as illustrated in Figure 5 which shows the upper plate.

[0062] In this embodiment, the top plate measures 38.25 inches high, 37.75 inches wide, and is 0.25 inches thick. Holes are drilled to accommodate the top plate on top of the load cells at each corner. The holes are 0.625 inches in diameter and are centered 2.0 inches from the edge of the plate. The distance between the centers of the holes on the sides of the load cells is 34.25 inches, while the distance between the centers of the holes lengthwise on the load cells is 33.75 inches. Centered on each side of the plate are semicircles with a radius of 0.5 inches. These semicircles are cut to provide attachment points for hooks so that the hooks do not slip out during lifting. Each top plate with the angle reinforcements weighs approximately 120 pounds.

[0063] The underside of the plate has a welded angle bracket (support) to add rigidity. These supports measure 0.25 x 2 x 2 inches, where 0.25 inches is the thickness, and 2 inches are the flanges of the angle bracket. The length of the supports changes between items 1011 and 1012 in Figure 6. Item 1011 is 35.25 inches long and is fixed 4.625 inches from the edge (of 37.75 inches) and 1.25 inches from the edge of 38.25 inches. One face of the angle bracket meets the underside of the plate, while the other face is turned inward, meeting the edge of item 1012. This allows for a larger surface area. Petition 870250016722, dated 28 / 02 / 2025, page 20 / 51 14 / 27 to weld the two items together and increase overall strength. Item 1012 is 25.00 inches long and sits between the two 1011 pieces. Additionally, 1012 sits 17.00 inches from one of the 38.25-inch sides. Each angle iron piece has two-inch welds spaced six inches apart on either side of the face that meets the bottom of the plate.

[0064] At each corner there is a hole so that the plate can sit on a load cell. A fastening fitting (shown in Figure 7) is added between the plate and the load cell. The fitting is machined from a 1-inch diameter steel rod. The plate sits on top (unthreaded side) of the fitting, fits over the guide (0.50 inch diameter x 0.25 inch thick) and rests on the platform around the guide. The space created between the bottom of the plate and the top of the load cell is 0.75 inches. Around this spacer, four flat surfaces offset by 90 degrees are milled, removing 0.0625 inches from the rod, resulting in a width of 0.875 inches on the two opposite sides. These flat sides are designed to fit a 7 / 8-inch open-end wrench to secure the supports to the load cells.Due to the original diameter of 1 inch (Radius (R) of 0.59 inch) and the 0.0625 inch of material removed, the flat surface measures 0.48 inch. The threads are 1 / 2”- 20 x 1.00” in length, defined by the hole in the load cells (reference point J in Figure 6).

[0065] The load cell measures 5.12 x 1.25 x 1.25 inches (length x width x height). Starting from the back of the load cell (left side of Figure 8), the first mounting hole for the cells on the frame below it measures (centered) 0.62 inches (reference F in the figure) and the second mounting hole measures (centered) 1 inch from the center of the previous hole. The holes for mounting the load cell on the frame measure 0.53 inches in diameter (reference D in the figure). The distance from the center of the second mounting hole to the frame and to the hole for mounting the top plate (reference H in the figure) is 3 inches.

[0066] In addition, all holes are centered in the middle of the width of the Petition 870250016722, dated 28 / 02 / 2025, page 21 / 51 15 / 27 load cells (Figure 9). A spacer is added between the bottom of the load cells and the structure. Because the load cell is a beam type, it needs to be deflected (primarily downwards) without interference from the structure. This spacer is necessary to provide the maximum amount of deflection required for the cell to be used correctly. These spacers measure 2.25 x 1.25 x 0.25 inches (length x width x height). Two 0.5625-inch holes are drilled in the spacer 1 inch apart. The holes are 0.625 inches in diameter at the center of the 1.25-inch side.

[0067] To attach the load cells and spacer to the scale frame, 1 / 2 - 13 x 2.25 bolts are inserted into the mounting holes (two per load cell). The bolts are inserted from the frame to the top of the load cell and the 1 / 2 - 13 nuts are tightened on top of the load cells. The support frames are constructed from the same 0.25 X 2 X 2 inch angle iron as the supports on the underside of the top plates, due to bulk purchase economy. Four different pieces are made from said carbon steel angle iron. The four pieces are listed as 1001, 1002, 1003, 1004 (Figure 10).

[0068] Angle piece numbered 1001 is 36.35 inches long. One of the 2-inch faces has opposing 45-degree cuts at each end, angled inward (Figure 11), while the other 2-inch face has three 0.5625-inch holes for joining the frames: one centered 5 inches from the end of the angle, the second is centered 18.125 inches from the end, and the third is centered 31.25 inches from the same referenced end.

[0069] All holes are centered on Face 2. Face 1 is in a plane parallel to the top plate, while Face 2 is closer to the ground and is in a plane perpendicular to the top plate.

[0070] Parts 1002 and 1003 have similar designs, the only difference between the two is the distance from the edge of the angle bracket to the mounting holes. Petition 870250016722, dated 28 / 02 / 2025, p. 22 / 51 16 / 27 swapped (Figure 12). Similarly, for 1001, 1002 and 1003 angles have opposite 45-degree cuts on one face. Parts 1002 and 1003 are 35.625 long and the holes are cut on the same face as the opposite 45-degree cuts.

[0071] Part 1002 has two 0.5625 inch holes, centered 1 inch from each other, and the first hole is centered 5.25 inches from the left edge of the angle (Figure 10). Additionally, two 0.5625 inch holes are centered 1 inch from each other. However, the first hole is centered 2.625 inches from the right edge.

[0072] Part 1003 has two 0.5625 holes centered 1 inch apart, and the first hole is centered 2.625 inches from the left edge of the iron angle (Figure 10). Additionally, two 0.5625 holes are centered 1 inch apart; however, the first hole is centered 5.25 inches from the right edge.

[0073] Part 1004 is 38.25 inches long and has opposing 45-degree cuts at each end (Figure 13). The holes are cut on the same face as the opposing 45-degree cut. A pair of 0.5625 holes are drilled 1 inch apart. One pair has the first hole centered 5.25 inches from the right edge of the angle iron, and a second pair of holes has the first hole drilled in the center 5.25 inches from the left side of the angle.

[0074] The end structure of the piece is constructed with four components: 2 x 1001, 1 x 1002 and 1 x 1003 (Figure 12 on the right). The two 1001 steel angle pieces are on opposite sides of the rectangle, while angle pieces 1002 and 1003 are mirror images of each other (Figure 13).

[0075] The frame of the middle balance segment is constructed from four pieces: 2 x 1001 and 2 x 1004. The two iron pieces of angle 1001 are on opposite sides of the rectangle, while the two pieces of angle 1004 are on opposite sides of the rectangle from each other (Figure 14 B).

[0076] The frames for the final two segments (Figure 14) are images Petition 870250016722, dated 28 / 02 / 2025, page 23 / 51 17 / 27 mirror images of each other, while the middle balance segment is different. For the balance segment, the edges of the angle where the opposite 45-degree cuts are made meet the other opposite 45-degree cuts of other parts of the angle, and all four parts form a rectangle. These four pieces are completely welded at the 45-degree cut interface. Each pair of holes, 1 inch apart, is made for the mounting bolts, which mount a load cell, a load cell spacer, and a frame (together). Thus, each of the three balance segments has four load cells, and the load cells are mounted oriented outwards, as shown in Figure 15.

[0077] When all the individual parts of the balance are combined, as seen in Figure 13, the balance is 4.75 inches high. Often, this height is reduced due to being placed on sand or rock and material placed around the balance platform.

[0078] Figure 16 is a cross-sectional view of the scale segments. Starting at the top of the figure above, the colors and their corresponding parts (if / when colors appear in the image, however, they are unnecessary): Black, Rubber mats; Purple, Top plate; Light blue, Corner reinforcement number 1002; Light gray (behind light blue), Corner reinforcement 1001; Red, Top plate mounting accessory; Dark gray, Load cell; Yellow, 1 / 2 - 13 nut; Green: 0.25 inch spacer; Blue, 1 / 2 - 13 x 2.25 screw; Orange, Scale base frame.

[0079] The frames are held together by long 1 / 2 - 13 x 1.25 screws, placed in the central hole. The 1 / 2-13 nylon locking nuts are tightened until two threads are visible. The maximum distance the top plates can spread is 0.75 inches, while the closest they can get is 0.50 inches.Since two wires are visible, the structures are connected but not rigidly bound to each other, and this gives the scales the ability to move semi-independently of each other without becoming excessively spaced apart. The screws must be tightened. Petition 870250016722, dated 28 / 02 / 2025, page 24 / 51 18 / 27 until all the threads of the nut are filled, forming a set of 3 balance segments as illustrated in Figure 17. Example 3 - Weighing System, details of the electronic circuit and software.

[0080] The weighing system of the invention comprises the scale of the invention and a control system composed of three microcontrollers, responsible for reading twelve load cells. Each microcontroller reads four load cells, as schematically illustrated in Figure 2.

[0081] In one embodiment, microcontrollers (MCUs) communicate via an RS-485 network using the Modbus application protocol. Each MCU is a slave device on the network, which consists of a master that queries slaves addressed by an ID (Identification Device) number. This implementation of the system is configured for a speed of 57600 bps, but this speed can be changed. During testing, the communication speed did not affect the acquisition rate.

[0082] The HX711 module, used for reading load cells, has an SPI interface but no CS pin. In the schematic, the interconnection between the MCU and the HX711 is point-to-point. The slaves use the ATmega 2560 MCU due to its memory and processing capacity. The basic master code was written in Python 2.7. The data acquisition interval by the master is 0.034 seconds for three slaves, resulting in the reading of 29 samples per second from all weight sensors. The system performs auto-zeroing upon power-up or via standard Modbus command.

[0083] Modbus bus. The network slaves use a bus consisting of 16-bit binary registers to store data such as weight reading, status, calibration factor, etc. The 16-bit binary register limits the maximum value to be stored to 65535.

[0084] Load Cell. The load cell used has a reading range of 0 to 454 kgf. The reading can be stored on the bus with a range of 0 to 4540, resulting in a resolution of 100g or 0.1 kg. Petition 870250016722, dated 28 / 02 / 2025, page 25 / 51 19 / 27

[0085] The network connection diagram can be seen in figure 2.

[0086] Modbus addressing. The ID of the slave devices must be addressed correctly. There are two Modbus address buses for each slave. In experiments with this embodiment of the invention, the following readings are taken by the master: Measured value of load cell 1 (uint16); Measured value of load cell 2 (uint16); Measured value of load cell 3 (uint16); Measured value of load cell 4 (uint16); Calibration factor of load cell 1 (uint16); Calibration factor of load cell 2 (uint16); Calibration factor of load cell 3 (uint16); Calibration factor of load cell 4 (uint16); Offset of the summed measured value for each cell (uint16); Status word (uint16).

[0087] Write Performed by Master: Calibration factor for load cell 1 (uint16) - Copied to address 5; Calibration factor for load cell 2 (uint16) - Copied to address 6; Calibration factor for load cell 3 (uint16) - Copied to address 7; Calibration factor for load cell 4 (uint16) - Copied to address 8; Offset value for measured values ​​(uint16) - Copied to address 9; Command for slave (uint16) - 1 = tare of readings.

[0088] Master Device. The master device is a single-board computer with software to display the individual measurements of each load cell and the total via a web interface. Example 4 - Individual or Batch Identification System

[0089] For the correct individual weighing of each animal or group of animals, at loading stations, for example, it is necessary to obtain some form of individual identification, so that the operator can enter it at the time of scale operation and assign a unique recognition code to each weighing. This code can be painted or branded or labeled on the ear. It is also possible to weigh a non-individualized group, simply retaining the total weight. Alternatively, an electronic animal identification system can be integrated, such as RFID, which Petition 870250016722, dated 28 / 02 / 2025, page 26 / 51 20 / 27 provides automatic reading of the animal's identifier and its association with the weight measured during passage. Example 5 - Reading and Calculation Method for Individual Loads

[0090] When an animal steps on a section, a load is applied to the 4 load cells, which record 4 independent values. The position of the load cells is fixed and known, so it is possible to calculate the position of the load using the expressions below: Σ€ηχηx= P C1x1 + C2x2 + C3x3 + C4x4 lCnyn7 Ciyi + Gjb + C3y3 + C4y4 where:

[0091] Cn are the individual readings of each load cell; xn are the x coordinates of each load cell; yn are the y coordinates of each load cell; and P is the sum of the weights read by the 4 load cells (total weight).

[0092] Method for Determining the Positioning of the Paws and Individualization of Measures

[0093] Applying the above formulas successively allows the determination of the weight on each of the animal's legs, as well as its total weight. The distances between the legs can also be determined using the above formulas, simply by subtracting the values ​​(x, y) obtained.

[0094] The system identifies the sequence of four footprints on modules A and B, which then move to B and C, identifying the animal's weight. Because the scale is narrow and has side guards, two animals cannot pass side by side; it is only possible for one animal to step on A when the previous one still has its last paw on A. The weight calculation method separates the first four footprints and tracks the sequential movement over time, thus individualizing the animals, even if they step simultaneously.

[0095] Determining the Center of Mass of Each Animal Petition 870250016722, dated 28 / 02 / 2025, page 27 / 51 21 / 27

[0096] In various circumstances of animal handling, there is a need to know if the animal has heavier forequarters than hindquarters (or vice versa) and what this proportion is. The invention provides a solution to this problem by taking successive measurements of the 4 footsteps, and then adding the two readings from the front and the two from the back, as positioned on the scale (including the 3 sections of the scale). Once this is done, it is simply a matter of calculating the ratio between these measurements. Example 6 - Method for Identifying a Lame Animal

[0097] Animals with injuries or pathologies in their paws tend to gain less weight and have problems getting pregnant, as well as maintaining their offspring. In addition to the suffering caused to the animal, there are economic losses. Therefore, identifying whether an animal is lame or limping is of interest to the breeder.

[0098] For such identification, it is assessed whether there is a very large discrepancy between the footprints, two by two, in the front and rear quarters. According to Figure 3, each hoof steps at least once in each module. Thus, the average of the footprints of a hoof must be close to the average of its symmetrical counterpart under normal conditions. The comparison of the weight distribution between the left front hoof and the right front hoof, and the left hind hoof with the right hind hoof provides the elements for identifying anomalies. The contribution of these averages to the weight of the quarter must be between 50% and 45% for each hoof; otherwise, the animal is lame.For example, if an animal has a gait in which the left paw contributes 40% and the right paw 60% of the frontal weight, these percentages being taken from the averages of the gaits of each of these paws in each module, it is very likely that this animal is sparing the left front paw because it is sore or incapacitated in some way. Example 7 - Field Tests

[0099] This embodiment of the invention demonstrates with experimental data the functionality and reliability of the balance, system and method of the invention. Petition 870250016722, dated 28 / 02 / 2025, p. 28 / 51 22 / 27 The accuracy of the invention in predicting true values ​​is shown below.

[0100] Two initial and consecutive steps are considered for comparison purposes: a simulation and a real case, both applied to the scale prototype as demonstrated in examples 1-2. Figures 18(a), 18(b) and 19 record the timing of the tests and the weights used.

[0101] First, the first load equivalent to one of the animal's paws was applied. The system applies the expressions already described to the values ​​read by the 4 load cells and determines the value of the footprint, which is the sum of the values ​​read by the load cells, as well as its position. The grid of lines allows for better control of the simulation. The actual value of the applied load Preal = 33.3 kgf. The load cells recorded the following values: C1 = 11.3 kgf, C2 = 11.2 kgf, C3 = 11.1 kgf and C4 = -0.1 kgf. The sum of these values ​​resulted in Pmedido = 33.5 kgf.

[0102] The percentage error of the measurement (EM%) is then: FM(%) = (Pmedid0- PrealWreal. 100 = 335-333,100 = 0.6%

[0103] The determination of the horizontal distance from the origin where the load was applied is done as indicated below: Σ CnxnC1x1 + C2x2+ C3x3+ C4x4

[0104] Since X2 and X4 are on the y-axis, they are therefore zero. And xi and X3 are on the horizontal position, 863.6 mm apart. Thus, we have: _ C1X1+C3X3 _ (11.3x868.3)+(11.1x868.3) = 576.58 33.5

[0105] Determining the vertical distance from the origin where the load was applied is done as indicated below: ΣCnynC1y1+ C2y2 + 6373 + C4y47= —

[0106] Since y3 and y4 are on the x-axis, they are therefore zero. And y1 and y2 are in the vertical position, 850.9 mm apart. Thus, we have: C1y1 + C2y2(11.3x850.9) + (11.2x850.9) 33.5 = 571.50 Petition 870250016722, dated 28 / 02 / 2025, page 29 / 51 23 / 27

[0107] The actual position of the applied load was: xreal = 584.2 mm; yreal = 558.8 mm. Therefore, the percentage errors that occurred were: 576.58 - 584.20 FMX(%) = (Xmeasured - Xreal) / Xreal .100 =----FõTõn----.100 = 1.3% 584.20 571.50 - 558.80 EMy(%) = (ymeasured - Jreal) / Treal .100 =-----. 100 = 2.3%

[0108] After these tests and calculations, the second load was applied, in a position compatible with the foot strike of adult cattle, according to what is indicated in the literature. After this load was applied, a new reading of the 4 load cells was taken. Then the initial value described above was subtracted from the total value now read, and then the position of the 2nd foot strike was calculated. The values ​​now read were: C1' = 13.2 kgf, C2' = 17.7 kgf, C3' = 11.1 kgf and C4' = 20.5 kgf.

[0109] Subtracting the values ​​measured in the first step, we have: C1' = 13.2 - 11.3 = 1.9 kgf; C2' = 15.4 - 11.2 = 4.2 kgf; C3' = 17.7 - 11.1 = 6.6 kgf; C4' — 20.5 + 0.1 — 20.6 kgf.

[0110] The sum of these values ​​resulted in Pmeasured — 33.3 kgf. And the total measured weight became PTmeasured — 66.8 and PTreal — 33.3 + 33.4 — 66.7 kgf. The percentage error of the measurement (EM%) was then: FM(%) = (PTmeasured - PTreai) / PTreai ,100 = 66.8-66.7,100 = 0.15%

[0111] The determination of the horizontal distance from the origin where the load was applied was done as follows: C1X1+C3X3 (1.9x868.3)+(6.6x868.3) ~ x =------=--------------= 220.3mm P 33.5

[0112] The determination of the vertical distance from the origin where the load was applied was done as follows: Ciyi + ^2y2y=----P---(1.9x850.9) + (4.2x850.9) —---- , ----— = 154.94mm 33.5 Petition 870250016722, dated 28 / 02 / 2025, p. 30 / 51 24 / 27

[0113] The actual position of the second applied load was: xreai = 226.6 mm; yreai = 152.4 mm. Therefore, the percentage errors that occurred were: EMx(%) = (xmeasured - Xreal) / Xreal - 100 = (220.3 - 226.6V) / 226.6.100 = 2.8% £My(%) = (ymeasured -yreal) / yreal·!™ = (154.94 - 152.4) / 152.4.100 = 1.7%

[0114] The distance between the steps is also of interest in animal production. Therefore, the error between the real value (measured when applying successive loads) and that determined by the system proposed here was also estimated. The real distances were: Dxreal = 355.60 mm; Dyreal = 406.40 mm.

[0115] The distances measured by the measurement system presented here were: Dxmedida = 583.39 - 220.98 = 362.41 mm; Dymedida = 571.50 - 154.94 = 416.56 mm.

[0116] For animal health measurement, the value in units of measurement is important, not the % difference. Therefore: ΔDx = 362.41 - 355.60 = 6.81 mm; ΔDy = 416.56 - 406.40 = 10.16 mm.

[0117] Six random measurements were also performed on plate #1 of the scale, using weight #1. The results are presented in Table 1. Table 1 - Values ​​of weight #1 measured at various positions on plate #1 of the scale. Measurement C1 (kgf) C2 (kgf) C3 (kgf) C4 (kgf) Ppreal measurement ΔΡ(%) M1 2.2 5.1 5.2 20.7 33.2 33.3 -0.1 M2 8.9 4.6 14.3 5.5 33.3 33.3 0.0 M3 -0.1 17.3 -0.4 16.6 33.4 33.3 0.1 M4 6.0 28.9 3.4 -5.0 33.3 33.3 0.0 M5 12.4 8.9 13.0 -0.8 33.5 33.3 -0.2 M6 7.0 0.8 20.3 5.2 33.3 33.3 0.0

[0118] After the static tests described above, tests were performed to simulate a calf walking on a scale. For this purpose, two inventors walked on the system, reproducing the sequence of steps and the distances between them, as illustrated in Figure 20. Petition 870250016722, dated 28 / 02 / 2025, page 31 / 51 25 / 27

[0119] In the aforementioned test, bars were used to maintain a constant distance between the strides, like a four-legged animal. The lightest individual went ahead, to represent the reality of cattle, which have a lighter front part. The synchronized strides of the four hooves were exhaustively rehearsed and timed to document the speed of the strides. Subsequent data were obtained with strides from an adult horse, which, although lighter than an adult bovine, has the same stride pattern and is easier to control.

[0120] Four different speeds were employed in the tests, corresponding to: an animal taking a step; walking; marching; and running. Sequentially, speeds of 0 m / s, 1 m / s, 2 m / s and 3 m / s were considered as limits of these categories. For example, the step-by-step speed (v) is in the range 0 < v < 1 m / s. The lowest speed refers to the step-by-step scenario, where the subsequent step was only performed when the load cells of the section stabilized after the current step. This test was the first after calibration with static loads and aimed to confirm the identification of the position of the steps on the grid marked in each section of the scale.

[0121] Next, walking, marching, and running speeds were tested. To measure speeds in the different ranges, after dozens of training sessions, strides were performed at increasing speeds. In each stride, the entry point of the first and the exit point of the last step were identified, that is, respectively the first touch in Section A and the last in Section C. With the positions of the strides and their moments computed by the method of the invention, the distance and speed (average) of the strides were calculated.

[0122] By filing this application with the competent authority / guarantor, the applicant seeks and intends to: (i) name the authors / inventors in respect of their respective moral, copyright and patrimonial rights related to their works; (ii) unequivocally indicate that he / she possesses the secret of Petition 870250016722, dated 28 / 02 / 2025, page 32 / 51 26 / 27 business or industrial and holder of any form of intellectual property derived therefrom and the applicant so desires; (iii) describe in detail the content of the creations and the secret, proving their existence in physical and legal terms; (iv) obtain protection of their intellectual creations, as provided for in the Copyright Law; (v) establish the relationship between the examples / concretizations and the creative, ornamental, distinctive or inventive concept according to the applicant's cognition and context, to clearly demonstrate the scope of their protected and / or protectable intangible asset; (vi) request and obtain the additional rights provided for patents, if the applicant chooses to proceed with the administrative procedure to the end.

[0123] Any future disclosure or publication of this document does not, in itself, constitute authorization for commercial use by third parties. Even if the content becomes part of the physical world accessible to third parties, the disclosure or publication of this document under the terms of the law does not eliminate its legal status as a secret, serving only and solely the spirit of the Law to: (i) serve as proof that the creator created the objects described herein and expressed them in physical form, which is this report itself; (ii) unequivocally indicate its owner / holder and authors / inventor(s); (iii) inform third parties of the existence of the creations and the aforementioned industrial secret, of the content for which intellectual property protection is or will be requested under the terms of the Law, including patent protection, and of the date of its filing, from which it will have priority rights and the term of validity of the patent exclusivity may begin, if applicable;and (iv) assist in the technological and economic development of the Country, from the disclosure of the creation, if this occurs, and the authorization of the use of the secret solely and exceptionally for the purposes of studies and / or development of new improvements, thereby avoiding parallel reinvestment by third parties in the development of the same asset.

[0124] It is hereby warned that any commercial use requires authorization from the authors or the owner / holder and that unauthorized use will result in penalties as provided by law. In this context, given the extensive detail according to which the Petition 870250016722, dated 28 / 02 / 2025, page 33 / 51 27 / 27 creation, the concept and examples were disclosed by the applicant, those skilled in the art may, without much effort, consider other ways of realizing the present creation and / or invention in forms not identical to those merely exemplified above. However, such forms are or may be considered as within the scope of one or more of the appended claims. Petition 870250016722, dated 28 / 02 / 2025, page 34 / 51

Claims

1 / 3 Claims 1. A walk-through scale for weighing animals, characterized by comprising: - at least three solid square or rectangular plates, on which the animals step when passing over them; - at least four load cells on each of said plates, the cells being positioned near or at the four vertices of said plates; and - a circuit that receives the signals from said cells and processes the respective data.

2. Balance according to claim 1, characterized by additionally comprising a mechanism or system for protection against overloads.

3. Balance according to claim 1, characterized by additionally comprising means of communication to make measurement information immediately available via digital communication.

4. Scale, according to claim 1, characterized by additionally comprising means of local storage of all information to prevent data loss due to lack of transmission link at the time of measurement.

5. Scale according to claim 1, characterized by additionally comprising signal processing means for identifying the animal and comparing the current measured weight with the previous weight reading of the same animal, in order to determine the variation in the animal's weight between the two measurements.

6. Animal weighing system by passage characterized by comprising: Petition 870250016722, dated 02 / 28 / 2025, page 35 / 51 2 / 3 - the scale as defined in claim 1; - a scale control system composed of three microcontrollers, each performing the reading of four load cells; and - a processor or software embedded in hardware configured to identify the load position of each hoof on each plate, by computing the four independent values ​​of each load cell on each plate, determining the weight on each hoof of the animal and the total weight of the animal.

7. System according to claim 6, characterized in that it additionally comprises means of communication to make measurement information immediately available via digital communication.

8. System according to claim 6, characterized by additionally comprising means of local storage of all information to prevent data loss due to lack of transmission link at the time of measurement.

9. A method for weighing animals by passing through that identifies the proportion between the weight of each of the animal's four legs, characterized by comprising: - performing successive measurements of the four footprints on a scale as described in claim 1; - calculating the ratio between two weight readings of the front legs and the two weight readings of the hind legs, indicating the weight proportion between the forequarters and hindquarters; and / or - calculating the ratio between two weight readings of two front legs or two hind legs, identifying whether an animal is lame or limping when the proportion between the two legs considered is less than 45%.

10. Method according to claim 9 characterized in that the identification of the load position of each leg is obtained by employing the following expressions: Σ ^ηχη x = ~F~ C1x1 + C2x2 + C3x3 + C4x4 ZCnyn ' Ciyi + C2y2 + C3y3 + C^ where: Cn are the individual readings of each load cell; xn are the x-coordinates of each load cell; yn are the y-coordinates of each load cell; and P is the sum of the weights read by the 4 load cells (total weight).

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