Membrane for remediation of aquatic pollutants based on microorganisms associated with bio plastic made of fish scale

Description

1 / 4 Membrane for remediation of aquatic pollutants based on microorganisms associated with bioplastic made of scales. OF FISH. DESCRIPTIVE REPORT FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0001] Currently, water used for various crops and industrial processes often does not receive adequate treatment, generating pollution in water resources. One alternative for removing toxic substances from polluted water is the use of barrier and absorption methods based on synthetic polymers, zeolites, ion exchange resins, and biomaterials. Although there are different types of absorbents for treating pollutants in water, biomaterials are low-cost, environmentally friendly, and sustainable alternatives. Biomaterials, such as cellulose, chitin, chitosan, alginate, and flakes, are excellent products for removing metals from water.

[0002] The present invention consists of a barrier device containing a filtration membrane constructed with a matrix based on fish scales impregnated with the bacterium Bacillus subtilis nato, which has the ability to absorb and break down organic and inorganic pollutants. It can potentially remediate aquatic pollution caused by the group of pollutants classified as PFAS. PREVIOUS EDITIONS

[0003] In invention CN110156109A registered on 06.11.2019, a process for treating polluted water using the application of electric current and photolysis of sediments is described; however, no use of microorganisms or biological structures is mentioned.

[0004] In invention CN112158976A registered on 20.08.2020, a process is described. Petition 870250017422, dated 05 / 03 / 2025, page 6 / 12 2 / 4 of the treatment of micropollutants in water uses a chemical process based on ferrous salts. No biological processes are mentioned in this process.

[0005] In invention CN115784453A registered on 28.11.2022, a process for treating polluted water using organic matter from riverbank soil is described; however, no mention is made of the specific use of the bacterium Bacillus subtilis or fish scales.

[0006] In invention CN115026127A registered on 13.06.2022, a method for treating water polluted by heavy metals using bacteria with oxidizing properties is described. However, no mention is made of the specific use of Bacillus subtilis and fish scales.

[0007] In invention US2006163156A1 registered on 27.07.2006, a method for treating water polluted with organic matter using the action of aerobic bacteria is described. However, no specific mention is made of the bacterium Bacillus subtilis, nor is the use of fish scales described.

[0008] In invention CN100443419C registered on 17.12.2008, a process is described for cleaning polluted river water using a device based on aquatic plants that create a biofilm capable of removing pollutants. However, no specific mention is made of specific microorganisms or the use of fish scales. GENERAL DESCRIPTION

[0009] The present invention consists of a porous mesh composed of natural or synthetic fabric lined with a layer of crushed fish scales arranged in a helical shape (Figure 1.1) for adhesion and formation of a bacterial biofilm. This biofilm is composed of the bacterium Bacillus subtilis var. Natto. This bacterium is present in various foods for animals and humans, such as Natto, typical of Japanese cuisine, with absorptive capacity and antimicrobial properties against other bacteria. The survival of this bacterium in various environments, such as soil and water, reduces the amount of substances Petition 870250017422, dated 05 / 03 / 2025, page 7 / 12 3 / 4 organic and inorganic chemicals and their non-pathogenicity to living beings, highlight their importance as a depolluting agent. The mesh (substrate) prepared with scales and the bacteria will be wound in such a way as to form a coil (Figure 1.2) which will be the filtering unit of the device. When the water passes through the mesh layers of the coil, a whirlpool will be formed that will remove the organic and inorganic pollutants present as contaminants, which will be degraded by the action of the active bacterial film present there. It could be a potential solution for pollutants classified as PFAS. PREFERRED MODALITIES

[0010] The first preferred embodiment of this invention is the application of the porous mesh in water filtration systems. The mesh matrix fabric can be natural, such as cotton, or synthetic, such as polyester, and will be impregnated with crushed fish scales arranged in a helical pattern and Bacillus subtilis var. Natto bacteria. This arrangement enhances the adhesion of the bacterial biofilm. The antimicrobial property of this bacterium, combined with its ability to absorb harmful chemical compounds, makes the mesh effective in degrading organic and inorganic contaminants, including those that are difficult to remove, such as compounds classified as PFAS.

[0011] The second preferred embodiment consists of a water filtration system as described in the first preferred embodiment, equipped with a matrix composed of a mesh made of synthetic material derived from recycled plastic materials, being a low-cost option, or any other similar option, enabling large-scale production for use in the treatment of wastewater from industrial production processes, aquaculture wastewater, water from agricultural processes, water and sewage treatment plants.

[0012] The third preferred embodiment consists of a water filtration system as described in the first preferred embodiment coupled with filter candles used in Petition 870250017422, dated 05 / 03 / 2025, page 8 / 12 4 / 4 domestic water filters that can be attached to water tanks, well pumps, domestic reservoirs and tanks.

[0013] The fourth preferred embodiment consists of a water filtration system as described in the first preferred embodiment coupled to individual water reservoirs (canteen or bottle) used in camps or military activities, enabling polluted water sources to be converted into potable water.

[0014] The fifth preferred embodiment consists of a water filtration system as described in the first preferred embodiment coupled to drilling rigs for the immersion and cleaning of groundwater contaminated by pollutants. Petition 870250017422, dated 05 / 03 / 2025, page 9 / 12

Claims

1 / 1 CLAIMS 1. Membrane for remediation of aquatic pollutants based on microorganisms associated with bioplastic made from fish scales, characterized by consisting of a porous mesh composed of natural or synthetic fabric lined with crushed fish scales, arranged in a helical shape, promoting the adhesion and formation of a biofilm of Bacillus subtilis var. Natto, capable of absorbing organic and inorganic contaminants, including pollutants classified as PFAS.

2. A membrane for remediation of aquatic pollutants according to the first claim, characterized by having a matrix composed of a mesh made from recycled plastic material, enabling a reduction in production costs, or any other similar material option, for large-scale production for use in industries, aquaculture, agriculture, water and sewage treatment plants.

3. Membrane for remediation of aquatic pollutants according to the first claim, characterized by having a construction of filtration candles for domestic use in water filters, water tank filters, well pumps, domestic reservoirs and tanks.

4. Membrane for remediation of aquatic pollutants according to the first claim, characterized by having construction in individualized water reservoirs such as canteens or bottles for use in camps and military exercises.

5. Membrane for remediation of aquatic pollutants according to the first claim, characterized by having a construction that allows its use in drilling rigs for immersion and cleaning of groundwater contaminated with pollutants. Petition 870250017422, dated 05 / 03 / 2025, pp. 10 / 12

Images