PRODUTO RETARDANTE QUÍMICO DE LONGO PRAZO E SUPRESSANTE DO FOGO

Description

/ 13 “LONG-TERM CHEMICAL RETARDANT AND FIRE SUPPRESSANT PRODUCT” INTRODUCTION

[001] This descriptive report refers to a patent application for a long-term chemical fire retardant and suppressant product, belonging to the technical sector of fire fighting equipment, particularly fires in agricultural, forestry and similar areas, said product developed to present numerous advantages in relation to usual fire fighting fluids, such as providing greater efficiency in relation to these, being non-toxic to provide greater safety for operators and firefighters, being self-miscible in water to provide greater simplicity in fire fighting equipment and operations, not being ecotoxic in order not to cause harm to the environment, presenting lower cost considering the product itself and the fire fighting operations carried out with it, among others. STATE OF THE ART - BASIS OF THE INVENTION

[002] Dry weather, heat, low air humidity, strong winds, and other climatic factors, sometimes present in agricultural areas, forests, and similar environments, generate dry, dead plant matter, still incorporated into trees, shrubs, and other plant bodies, or already dispersed on the ground, such as leaves, branches, and other highly flammable materials, which, due to natural effects or incorrect handling, can ignite and cause fires that are difficult to control.

[003] Depending on the environmental and climatic characteristics, this type of fire can spread easily and Petition 870250082096, dated 12 / 09 / 2025, page 5 / 22 / 13 causing significant damage to flora, fauna, agricultural properties and others affected by the flames and, worst of all, loss of human lives.

[004] This type of fire involves firefighting techniques that may require large ground resources, such as contingents of properly equipped firefighters, firefighting equipment such as fire-fighting fluid launchers, fire beaters, personnel transport vehicles, water tankers, numerous types of tools / equipment and aerial equipment such as aircraft launching fire-fighting fluid and, depending on the extent of the fire, require a whole infrastructure and logistics support for the personnel and equipment involved in the event, thus constituting an extremely complex, risky and expensive operation.

[005] The firefighting techniques described above involve numerous procedures, such as throwing water or firefighting fluids onto the fires, applying fire extinguishers to them, creating firebreaks ahead of the fire's path to prevent its spread, mopping up, fighting any reignition of already burned material, and others.

[006] Firefighting fluid can be water or mixtures of water and firefighting fluid.

[007] Typical firefighting fluids have chemical characteristics with a certain degree of toxicity to humans and animals and require pre-dilution of the product to form the final mixture, thus requiring very special equipment and gear for operators on the ground. Therefore, operators on the ground have to wear full-body plastic suits and boots. Petition 870250082096, dated 12 / 09 / 2025, page 6 / 22 / 13 of rubber and full masks, in order to avoid direct contact with the firefighting fluid or its fumes. Equipment used on land must have storage tanks for the mixture equipped with mechanical agitators to maintain the characteristics of the mixture for use. This occurs in the firefighters' backpacks, in the tanks of land vehicles and aircraft. All this, therefore, involves a great deal of complexity that is largely related to the usual firefighting fluids employed, insofar as these require various precautions related to the safety of the operators, the preservation of the good condition of the firefighting mixture and others.

[008] Thus, there is interest in overcoming these drawbacks related to fire fighting, particularly in agricultural areas, forests and similar areas. OBJECTIVES OF THE INVENTION

[009] Thus, the objective of the present patent application is to provide a fire retardant and suppressant product that overcomes the problems of the prior art mentioned above.

[010] Another objective is to provide a fire retardant and suppressant product with long-term retardant action.

[011] Another objective is to provide a fire retardant and suppressant product of simple composition and manufacture.

[012] Another objective is to provide a low-cost fire retardant and suppressant product.

[013] Another objective is to provide a non-toxic fire retardant and suppressant product for humans, animals and is non-ecotoxic. Petition 870250082096, dated 12 / 09 / 2025, page 7 / 22 / 13

[014] Another objective is to provide a practical fire retardant and suppressant product that simplifies and reduces the cost of equipment and firefighting operations, particularly in agricultural areas, forests and similar environments.

[015] Another objective is to provide a fire retardant and suppressant product that is fully self-miscible in water, aiming to eliminate the usual mechanical agitation required by similar products.

[016] Another objective is to provide a fire retardant and suppressant product that can be stored for long periods. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[017] In view, therefore, of the problems mentioned above and in order to overcome them and aiming to meet the related objectives, the long-term chemical fire retardant and suppressant product, object of this patent application, was developed, which essentially comprises the chemical combination of synthetic amines (TEA, DEA, MEA, β-amines) with boric acid, in a continuously cooled reactor, maintaining permanent control of pH, density and reaction temperature, so that the final result is a concentrated viscous, dense (D=1.4±0.05) and hyaline fluid which, after cooling, is pigmented at 0.625% with red food coloring.

[018] This “construction” overcomes the problems and limitations of the state of the art, since the present long-term fire retardant and fire suppressant product has innovative technical properties, such as: - (1) Non-toxic to contact with human and animal skin in the short and long term; Petition 870250082096, dated 12 / 09 / 2025, page 8 / 22 / 13 - (2) Non-toxic to fish and earthworms; - 3) At the practical dosage (5% solution), it does not alter the density and viscosity of water; - (4) Increases the pyrolysis temperature of the treated material and, being anti-oxidizer and anti-fuel, prevents natural or intentional reignition in the treated target; - (5) It is not ecotoxic; - (6) Does not corrode iron, stainless steel, aluminum and brass; - (7) Its non-toxicity to human contact facilitates operational handling, completely eliminating the need for special clothing and overalls usually used, just safety glasses and regular gloves; - (8) When properly applied, it eliminates the need for traditional mopping; - (9) Minimum durability of two or more years, without changes to its chemical and physical properties; - (10) It is pigmented red with food coloring, differing from the usual use of iron oxide and other components of the usual chemical retardants; - (11) Because it is a concentrate of carefully borated synthetic amine molecules, it constitutes a true self-miscible solution in water, completely dispensing with the usual mechanical agitation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[019] As provided in the invention, the long-term chemical fire retardant and suppressant product, the subject of this patent application, is intended for fighting fires, particularly in agricultural areas, forests and similar areas, and is composed of: - Water.......................................5.70%; - MEA (monoethnolamine)........15.86% - (liquid); Petition 870250082096, dated 12 / 09 / 2025, page 9 / 22 / 13 - Boric Acid........................ 55.20%; - (solid powder) - Carbonic acid diamide 22.61%; - (solid powder) - Silwett..................................0.05%; (dispersing liquid) - Glycosperse.................................0.04%; - (emollient liquid) - Vegetable oil.............................0.09%; - (emulsifying liquid) - Food coloring....................0.45% - (Coloring - Red powder) Bordeaux CAS 915-67-3). [ 020] The process for obtaining the present long-term chemical retardant and fire suppressant product can be carried out in a 316 stainless steel acid reactor tank, with an external cooling coil and suitable electric stirrer and provide for addition steps: - (1) 5.7% of the final weight in water, equivalent to 7.89% of the final volume; - (2) 38.5% of the final weight of a synthetic amine mix, equivalent to 53.2% of the final volume; - (3) 0.087% by weight of emulsifier, equivalent to 0.12% of the final volume; - (4) 0.087% by weight of sulphurized domestic oil, equivalent to 0.12% of the final volume; - (5) 0.45% Bordeaux Red (Amaranth) dye, CAS 91567-3.

[021] In the end, the long-term chemical fire retardant and suppressant product is a concentrated viscous, dense fluid (D=1.4±0.05), with pH 7.5+ / -0.3.

[022] The long-term chemical retardant and fire suppressant product has a chemical guarantee, as per Table 1 below: Petition 870250082096, dated 12 / 09 / 2025, page 10 / 22 7 / 13 TABLE 1 NBC % w / w 14 9 10.7 g / L 195 131 149

[023] The long-term chemical fire retardant and suppressant product was evaluated in the laboratory and in the field with forests by the Federal University of Paraná, which holds the best “Fire Laboratory” in Latin America and the Rio Negro Research Farm. In this evaluation, the product was characterized as a long-term chemical retardant and as a fire suppressant. This research demonstrated that the product at only 5% quintuples the effectiveness of water and prevents fire recurrence.

[024] In the laboratory, the results were as shown in Table 2 below: TABLE 2 IEE Effective Efficiency Index Reduction (%) Concentration Lab* flame height fire speed | * Tests conducted at the Forest Fire Laboratory - UFPR (2018) - according to IEE Methodology (Tests 24 hours after application) | WATER X 9.777 f 12.82 14.56 1 1% í 21.790 V 23.80 37.21 y 5% ►<J0,149^> 60.29 78.79 10% 64.539 75.34 85.46 15% 67.258 78.62 85.79 20% 76.223 84.46 90.39 Petition 870250082096, dated 12 / 09 / 2025, page 11 / 22 8 / 13

[025] In the field, the results corroborated those obtained in the laboratory, as shown in Table 3 below: TABLE 3 Concentration IEE FIELD* Reduction (%) flame height fire speed * Tests conducted in the field (Rio Negro Experimental Station - UFPR) - 2018 | Burning conducted 24 hours after application 5% 42.42 63.92 54.86 10% 42.27 62.01 56.36 20% 58.97 76.23 78.69

[026] Tables 2 and 3 above show that, in direct fire fighting, the present product, in various concentration possibilities, rapidly reduces flame height by up to more than 68% and reduces the fire line dispersion speed by up to more than 75%.

[027] Note on the IEE shown in Tables 2 and 3: Obtaining the efficiency multiplication value of a desired solution with respect to water involves dividing the IEE (effective efficiency index) of the desired solution by the IEE of water, which is 9.777. Therefore, the efficiency multiplication value of the desired solution with respect to water is = IEE of the solution * IEE of water. Ex of the 5% solution: 50.149 - 9.777 = 5.13.

[028] The descriptions above, therefore, refer to the constitution and performance of the long-term chemical fire retardant and suppressant product, while the following description refers to aspects related to its use. Petition 870250082096, dated 12 / 09 / 2025, page 12 / 22 / 13

[029] Thus, the long-term chemical fire retardant and suppressant product described above is used in a proportion of 5% to 20%, preferably 5% to obtain a mixture used in fire fighting, composed of water and 5% of the long-term fire retardant and suppressant product, which has five times the flame extinguishing capacity compared to water.

[030] The long-term chemical fire retardant and suppressant product can be used in a proportion of 10% to compose a mixture used for the formation of a wet firebreak, said mixture composed of water and 10% of the long-term fire retardant and suppressant product and which blocks the path of the fire without harming the vegetation and organisms of the natural ecosystem.

[031] The long-term chemical fire retardant and suppressant impregnates the vegetation and is biodegradable in 23 days, during which time it promotes an inhibitory action against natural reignition or attempted reignition.

[032] Regarding the equipment used with the long-term chemical fire retardant and suppressant product, it is noted that the product is self-miscible in water, which means that mechanical agitation is not required during its use in firefighting. This allows the product / mixture to be handled with the same firefighting equipment used with water, thus simplifying the equipment and firefighting operations. Petition 870250082096, dated 12 / 09 / 2025, page 13 / 22 / 13

[033] Due to its non-toxicity, the long-term chemical retardant and fire suppressant product ensures that contact with it does not cause harm to humans or animals. Thus, the clothing of operators and firefighters can be the usual one consisting only of protective goggles and gloves, which is a factor that also favors the simplicity of the equipment.

[034] Thus, the main formulation, functioning and use characteristics of the present long-term chemical fire retardant and suppressant product are: - Concentrated fluid readily miscible in water in any proportion without altering the density and viscosity of the water; - Non-toxic to the touch, to the skin, and, in a 5% solution, non-toxic to contact with corneas; Non-toxic to fish and earthworms; - Preparing the aqueous solution for application and use does not require mechanical agitation, because miscibility is natural and spontaneous; Biodegradable in up to 23 days; - It does not corrode iron, aluminum, or brass; - The components and any residues from calcination, being nutrients for plants and soil and phyllosphere microbiomes, make this long-term fire retardant and suppressant product a resource for the sustainable fight against fires; The pure product has a long shelf life, exceeding two years, without any loss of its properties. Use of this product as a long-term chemical retardant and fire suppressant: Petition 870250082096, dated 12 / 09 / 2025, page 14 / 22 / 13

[035] Thus, when the present product is used technically and practically in the sustainable control of fires in commercial crops, it is observed that, in direct control (Suppressant), the solution at only 5% quintuples the efficiency of water, rapidly reduces the height of the flames by more than 60%, reduces the natural dispersion of the fire line by more than 70%, and prevents natural or intentional reignition in the treated material (Tables 2, 3).

[036] Operationally, this product reduces the demand for water transport and handling, generating significant savings and greater firefighting efficiency. The calcination residues of this product, which remain impregnated in the extinguished materials, are plant and microbiome nutrients, but are strongly anti-combustible, which reduces the need for the usual mopping-up operations.

[037] In indirect firefighting operations (Retardant) with this product, the most common practice is the "construction" of "wet firebreaks," generally with a 10% solution of this product, which blocks the natural path of the fire line in crop residues, in fields, in piles of wood, and extinguishes it completely.

[038] To verify these formulation, functioning, and utilization characteristics, several tests were carried out (BIOAGRI Laboratory in Piracicaba-SP) to prove the complete ecological and handling non-toxicity of this product. The evaluations were: (1) Short-Term Exposure; (2) Acute Skin Toxicity; (3) Acute Oral Toxicity; (4) Biodegradability; (5) Corrosivity. In addition, the LABFERTIL Laboratory in Uberaba evaluated the influence of various Petition 870250082096, dated 12 / 09 / 2025, page 15 / 22 / 13 dilutions of the present product in the viscosity of water, proving that the dilution of the present product does not significantly alter the natural viscosity of the water. All these evaluations therefore appear favorable to the present product. Conclusions:

[039] As seen above, there are several types of imported chemical retardants on the market, but their practical handling and manipulation, in almost all cases, besides being laborious and time-consuming, require constant agitation of the spray mixture and, even then, demonstrate significant technical and toxicological limitations, in addition to being much more expensive compared to the present product when considering the effective dose of the product applied / m2. The present product differs from these retardants due to its complete non-toxicity to handling and the ecosystem, proven by meticulous research. The versatility of its use and the ease of its handling in direct and indirect control allows for the creation of wet firebreaks in strips of crop residue, considerably reducing the risk of losses of machinery, equipment, and even personnel and infrastructure.The organomineral molecule of this product, due to its very low enthalpy, is a strong consumer of heat from flames, and its residue is anti-combustible and anti-oxidizing. Its composition, exclusively of plant and microbiome nutrients, is easily and rapidly biodegradable in up to 23 days on average, as proven by research. It is noted that the best times for applying this product are those with the highest risks of spontaneous or criminal combustion in sugarcane fields and straw piles. Petition 870250082096, dated 12 / 09 / 2025, page 16 / 22 / 13 harvests, piles of wood and in forests, especially during prolonged droughts.

[040] The equipment for applying this product is the same as that used for fighting fires with water, since it is mixed directly and naturally with water, eliminating the need for the usual mechanical agitators. When discussing the cost and convenience of applying chemical retardants, the risk and cost of property damage, equipment, machinery, and even infrastructure damage from fires, whether natural or criminal, are taken into account, within which the present product also proves advantageous. Thus, this product is an efficient means of protecting crops, personnel, and investments in agricultural or forestry production. All this, therefore, overcomes the limitations and problems of the state of the art represented by usual chemical retardants.

[041] Within the basic “construction” described above, the long-term chemical fire retardant and suppressant product, the subject of this patent application, may undergo modifications relating to ingredients, proportions, process steps, without departing from the scope of the protection sought. Petition 870250082096, dated 12 / 09 / 2025, page 17 / 22

Claims

1 / 2 CLAIMS 1) “LONG-TERM CHEMICAL RETARDANT AND FIRE SUPPRESSANT PRODUCT”, for fighting fires, particularly in agricultural areas, forests and similar areas, characterized by being composed of: Water 5.70%; MEA (monoethanolamine) 15.86%; Boric acid 55.20%; Carbonic acid diamide 22.61%; Silwett 0.05%; Glycosperse 0.04%; Vegetable oil 0.09%; Food coloring 0.45%. 2) “LONG-TERM CHEMICAL RETARDANT AND FIRE SUPPRESSANT PRODUCT”, according to claim 1, characterized by comprising a fire-fighting solution composed of water and 5% of said long-term retardant and fire suppressant product. 3) “LONG-TERM CHEMICAL RETARDANT AND FIRE SUPPRESSANT PRODUCT”, according to claim 1, characterized by comprising a mixture for the formation of a wet firebreak composed of water and 10% of said long-term retardant and fire suppressant product. 4) “LONG-TERM CHEMICAL RETARDANT AND FIRE SUPPRESSANT PRODUCT”, according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by a formulation selected to be self-miscible in water without altering its density and viscosity, thus eliminating the need for a mechanical stirrer in the preparation and use of the mixture. Petition 870250082096, dated 12 / 09 / 2025, page 18 / 22 2 / 2 5) “LONG-TERM CHEMICAL RETARDANT AND FIRE SUPPRESSANT PRODUCT”, according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by a formulation selected to quintuple the efficiency of water in fighting fire. 6) “LONG-TERM CHEMICAL RETARDANT AND FIRE SUPPRESSANT PRODUCT”, according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by a formulation selected to impregnate the extinguished (burned) material, to prevent reignition and to be biodegradable within 23 days. 7) “LONG-TERM CHEMICAL RETARDANT AND FIRE SUPPRESSANT PRODUCT”, according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by a formulation selected to be non-toxic to humans to simplify the personal protective equipment of operators and firefighters combating the fire. 8) “LONG-TERM CHEMICAL RETARDANT AND FIRE SUPPRESSANT PRODUCT”, according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by a formulation selected to be non-toxic to animals and eco-friendly. Petition 870250082096, dated 12 / 09 / 2025, pp. 19 / 22

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