Wireless communication method and apparatus and related memory

Abstract

Certain aspects of the present invention generally relate to wireless communications and, more particularly, to wireless communications, methods and apparatus for rate-matching control channels using polar codes. An exemplary method generally includes encoding a bit stream using a polar code, determining a size of a circular buffer for storing the encoded bit stream based, at least in part, on a minimum supported code rate and a control information size, and performing rate matching on the stored encoded bit stream based, at least in part, on a parent code size, n, and a number of bits encoded for transmission, e.

Description

1 / 53 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR WIRELESS COMMUNICATION AND RELATED MEMORY

[001] This application claims priority to International Application No. PCT / CN2017 / 070632, filed on 9 January 2017, which is assigned to the assignee of this application and is expressly incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. FUNDAMENTALS Field of Invention

[002] Certain aspects of the present invention generally relate to wireless communications and, more particularly, to methods and apparatus for rate-matching control channels using polar codes. Description of the Related Technique

[003] Wireless communication systems are widely implemented to provide various telecommunication services, such as telephony, video, data, messaging, and broadcasting. Typical wireless communication systems may employ multiple access technologies capable of supporting communication with multiple users sharing available system resources (e.g., bandwidth and transmission power). Examples of such multiple access technologies include: Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) systems, Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) systems, Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) systems, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) systems, Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) systems, and systems of Petition 870250009996, dated 06 / 02 / 2025, page 12 / 15 2 / 53 Synchronous Time-Division Code Division Multiple Access (TD-SCDMA).

[004] In some examples, a wireless multiple access communication system may include a number of base stations, each simultaneously supporting communication for multiple communication devices, otherwise known as user equipment (UEs). In LTE or LTE-A networks, a set of one or more base stations may define an eNodeb (eNB).In other examples (e.g., in a next-generation or 5G network), a wireless multiple access communication system may include a number of distributed units (DUs) (e.g., edge units (EUs), edge nodes (ENs), radio heads (RHs), smart radio heads (SRHs), transmit-receive points (TRPs), etc.) communicating with a number of central units (CUs) (e.g., central nodes (CNs), access node controllers (ANCs), etc.), where a set of one or more distributed units, communicating with a central unit, may define an access node (e.g., a new radio base station (NR BS), a new radio node B (NR NB), a network node, 5G, gNB, etc.).A base station or DU can communicate with a set of UEs on downlink channels (e.g., for transmissions from a base station or to a UE) and uplink channels (e.g., for transmissions from a UE to a base station or distributed unit).

[005] These multiple access technologies have been adopted in several telecommunications standards to provide a common protocol that allows different Petition 870190062868, dated 05 / 07 / 2019, p. 9 / 88 3 / 53 Wireless devices communicate on a municipal, national, regional, and even global level. An example of an emerging telecommunications standard is New Radio (NR), for example, 5G radio access. NR is a set of improvements to the LTE mobile standard promulgated by Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). This is designed to support better mobile broadband Internet access by improving spectral efficiency, lowering costs, enhancing services, making use of new spectrum, and better integrating with other open standards using OFDMA with cyclic prefix (CP) on the downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) as well as support beamforming, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology, and carrier aggregation.

[006] However, as the demand for mobile broadband access continues to increase, there is a need for further improvements in NR technology. Preferably, these improvements should be applicable to other multiple access technologies and to the telecommunications standards that employ these technologies. SUMMARY

[007] The systems, methods, and devices of the invention each have several aspects, none of which is exclusively responsible for their desirable attributes. Without limiting the scope of this description, as expressed by the claims that follow, some characteristics will now be discussed briefly. After considering this discussion, and particularly after reading the section entitled “Detailed Description,” you will understand how the Petition 870190062868, dated 05 / 07 / 2019, page 10 / 88 4 / 53 characteristic figures of the present invention provide advantages that include improved communications in a wireless network.

[008] Certain aspects of the present invention provide a method for wireless communications on a network. The method generally includes encoding a bit stream using a polar code; determining a size of a circular buffer to store the encoded bit stream based, at least in part, on a minimum supported code rate, R min, and a number of information bits, K; and performing rate matching on a stored encoded bit stream based, at least in part, on a mother code size, N, and a number of bits encoded for transmission, E. Other aspects are provided including apparatus, systems, and processing systems for performing the aforementioned method as well as non-transitional computer-readable means comprising instructions for performing the aforementioned method.

[009] For the performance of the preceding and related purposes, one or more aspects comprise the features described hereinafter fully and particularly pointed out in the claims. The following description and the accompanying drawings present in detail certain illustrative aspects of one or more aspects. These features are indicative, however, of only some of the various ways in which the principles of various aspects may be employed, and this description is intended to include all aspects and their equivalents. Petition 870190062868, dated 05 / 07 / 2019, p. 11 / 88 5 / 53 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] So that the aforementioned features of the present invention may be understood in detail, a more particular description, briefly summarized above, may be made of aspects, some of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. It should be noted, however, that the accompanying drawings illustrate only certain typical aspects of this disclosure and should not, therefore, be considered as limiting its scope, for the description may admit other equally effective aspects.

[0011] Figure 1 is a block diagram that conceptually illustrates an illustrative telecommunications system, according to certain aspects of the present invention.

[0012] Figure 2 is a block diagram illustrating an exemplary logical architecture of a distributed Radio Access Network (RAN), according to certain aspects of the present invention.

[0013] Figure 3 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary physical architecture of a distributed RAN, according to certain aspects of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 4 is a block diagram that conceptually illustrates a design of an exemplary Base Station (BS) and user equipment (UE), according to certain aspects of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 5 is a diagram showing examples for implementing a communication protocol stack, according to certain aspects of the present invention. Petition 870190062868, dated 05 / 07 / 2019, p. 12 / 88 6 / 53

[0016] Figure 6 illustrates a block diagram of an exemplary wireless device according to certain aspects of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 7 is a simplified block diagram illustrating a decoder, according to certain aspects of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 8 is a simplified block diagram illustrating a decoder, according to certain aspects of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 9 illustrates an example of a subframe centered on the downlink, according to certain aspects of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 10 illustrates an example of a substructure centered on the uplink, according to certain aspects of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 11 illustrates an example of a circular buffer, according to certain aspects of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 12 is a flowchart illustrating example operations for wireless communications in a network, according to certain aspects of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 13 illustrates an example of a circular buffer and rate combination using polar codes, according to certain aspects of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 14 illustrates an example of determining the size of a circular buffer and punching bits in the circular buffer.

[0025] Figure 15 illustrates an example of determining the size of a circular buffer and repetition. Petition 870190062868, dated 05 / 07 / 2019, p. 13 / 88 7 / 53 bits in the circular buffer.

[0026] To facilitate understanding, identical reference numerals have been used, where possible, to designate identical elements that are common to the figures. It is considered that the elements described in one modality can be used beneficially in other modalities without a specific recitation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] Aspects of the present invention provide apparatus, methods, processing systems and computer-readable means for multi-partition networks, such as new radio (NR) (new radio access technology or 5G technology).

[0028] NR can support various wireless communication services, such as enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) targeting broadband (e.g., 80 MHz and above), millimeter wave (mmW) targeting a high carrier frequency (e.g., 60 GHz), massive machine-type communication (mMTC) targeting non-backward compatible machine-type communication (MTC) techniques, and / or mission-critical features for ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC). These services may include latency and reliability requirements. These services may also have different time transmission intervals (TTI) to meet their respective quality of service (QoS) requirements. Furthermore, these services may coexist in the same subframe.

[0029] Aspects of the present invention relate to a rate matching scheme for channel control using polar codes. Rate matching is Petition 870190062868, dated 05 / 07 / 2019, p. 14 / 88 8 / 53 a process by which the number of bits to be transmitted is combined with the available bandwidth, for example, the number of bits allowed to be transmitted. In certain cases, the amount of data to be transmitted is less than the available bandwidth, and in such cases, all the data to be transmitted is sent in addition to one or more copies of the data (a technique called repetition). In other cases, the amount of data to be transmitted exceeds the available bandwidth, and in such cases, a certain portion of the data to be transmitted may be omitted from the transmission (a technique called punching).

[0030] In NR, polar codes can be used to encode a bit stream for transmission. However, in some cases, the use of a rate matching scheme can lead to performance loss when used with polar codes, for example, when the size of a circular buffer is not a power of 2 (e.g., the block length constraint of polar codes). Thus, aspects of the present invention propose an efficient matching scheme for control channels using polar codes.

[0031] Several aspects of the description are described more fully below with reference to the attached drawings. The present descriptive report may, however, be incorporated into many different forms and parameters and should not be interpreted as limited to any specific structure or function presented throughout this disclosure. Instead, these aspects are provided so that this description is complete and Petition 870190062868, dated 05 / 07 / 2019, p. 15 / 88 9 / 53 complete, and will fully convey the scope of the description to those skilled in the art. Based on the teachings herein, one skilled in the art should appreciate that the scope of the invention is intended to cover any aspect of the description presented herein, whether implemented independently or combined with any other aspect of the disclosure. For example, an apparatus may be implemented or a method may be practiced using any number of the aspects set forth herein. Furthermore, the scope of the invention is intended to cover such an apparatus or method that is practiced using another structure, functionality, or structure and functionality in addition to the various aspects of the disclosure presented herein. It should be understood that any aspect of the disclosure presented herein may be incorporated by one or more elements of a claim.

[0032] The word exemplary text is used here to mean presentation as an example, case, or illustration. And any aspect described here as an example should not necessarily be considered preferred or advantageous in relation to other aspects.

[0033] Although specific aspects are described herein, many variations and permutations of these aspects fall within the scope of the invention. While some benefits and advantages of the preferred aspects are mentioned, the scope of the invention is not intended to be limited to particular benefits, uses, or purposes. Rather, the aspects of the description are intended to be broadly applicable to different wireless technologies, system configurations, networks, and transmission protocols, some of which Petition 870190062868, dated 05 / 07 / 2019, p. 16 / 88 10 / 53 which are illustrated by way of example in the figures and description below of the preferred aspects. The detailed description and drawings are merely illustrative of the description rather than limiting it, the scope of the description being defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0034] The techniques described here can be used for various wireless communication networks such as CDMA, TDMA, FDMA, OFDMA, SC-FDMA, and other networks. The terms "network system" and "system" are often used interchangeably. A CDMA network can implement a radio technology such as Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA), CDMA2000, etc. UTRA includes Wideband CDMA (WCDMA), Synchronous Time Division CDMA (TD-SCDMA), and other CDMA variants. CDMA2000 covers the IS-2000, IS-95, and IS-856 standards. A network TDMA can implement a radio technology such as the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM). An OFDMA network can implement a radio technology such as Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA), Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), Flash-OFDM®, etc. UTRA and E-UTRA are part of the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS). Long-Term Evolution 3GPP (LTE) and LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), in frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD), are new versions of UMTS that use E-UTRA, employing OFDMA on the downlink and SC-FDMA on the uplink. UTRA, E-UTRA, UMTS, LTE, LTEA, and GSM are described in documents from an organization called the "3rd Generation Partnership Project" (3GPP). Petition 870190062868, dated 05 / 07 / 2019, page 17 / 88 11 / 53 CDMA2000 and UMB are described in documents from an organization called the 3GPP2 (3GPP2) project. The techniques described here can be used for the wireless networks and radio technologies mentioned above, as well as other wireless networks and radio technologies, such as a 5G nextgen / NR network. Example of a Wireless Communications System

[0035] Figure 1 illustrates an exemplary wireless network 100, such as a new radio (NR) or 5G network, in which aspects of the present disclosure can be implemented, for example, for matching control channels using polar codes.

[0036] As illustrated in Figure 1, the wireless network 100 can include a number of base stations (BSs) 110 and other network entities. A BS can be a station that communicates with user equipment (UEs). Each BS 110 can provide communication coverage for a specific geographic area. In 3GPP, the term cell can refer to an MLT, a coverage area of ​​a Node B, and / or a Node B subsystem that serves this coverage area, depending on the context in which the term is used. In NR systems, the terms WTRU and eNB, Node B, 5G, AP, NR BS, BS, or TRP can be interchangeable. In some examples, a cell may not necessarily be stationary, and the geographic area of ​​the cell may move according to the location of a mobile base station.In some examples, base stations may be interconnected to each other via MT and / or to one or more other base stations or network nodes (not shown) on the 100 wireless network through various types of backhaul interfaces such as a direct physical connection. Petition 870190062868, dated 05 / 07 / 2019, page 18 / 88 12 / 53 virtual network, or similar, using any suitable transport network.

[0037] In general, any number of wireless networks can be implemented in a given geographic area. Each wireless network can support a specific radio access technology (RAT) and can operate on one or more frequencies. A RAT can also be referred to as a radio technology, an air interface, etc. A frequency can also be referred to as a vehicle, a frequency channel, etc. Each frequency can support a single RAT. In the given geographic area, the figure is used to avoid interference between wireless networks of different RATs.

[0038] A BS can provide communication coverage for a macrocell, a picocell, a femtocell, and / or other cell types. A macrocell can cover a relatively large geographic area (e.g., several kilometers in radius) and can allow unrestricted access by subscription-based UEs. A picocell can cover a relatively small geographic area and can allow unrestricted access by subscription-based UEs. A femtocell can cover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a house) and can allow restricted access by UEs associated with the femtocell (e.g., UEs in a Closed Subscriber Group (CSG), UEs for users in the house, etc.). A BS for a macrocell can be referred to as a macro BS. A BS for a picocell can be referred to as a pico BS. A BS for a femtocell can be referred to as a femto BS or a home BS.In the example shown in Figure 1, BSs 110a, 110b, and 110c can be macro BSs for As. Petition 870190062868, dated 05 / 07 / 2019, page 19 / 88 13 / 53 macrocells 102a, 102b, and 102c, respectively. A BS 110x can be a pico BS for a pico 102x cell. BSs 110y and 110z can be femto BSs for femtocells 102y and 102z, respectively. A BS can support one or multiple (e.g., three) cells.

[0039] A 100 wireless network may also include relay stations. A relay station is a station that receives a data transmission and / or other information from an upstream station (e.g., a BS or a UE) and sends a transmission of the data and / or other information to a downstream station (e.g., a UE or a BS). A relay station may also be a UE that transfers transmissions to other UEs. In the example shown in FIG. 1, a relay station 110r may communicate with BS 110a and UE 120r in order to facilitate communication between BS 110a and UE 120r. A relay station may also be referred to as a BS relay, a relay, etc.

[0040] A 100 wireless network can be a heterogeneous network that includes BSs of different types, for example, macro BS, pio BS, femto BS, relays, etc. These different types of BSs may have different transmission power levels, different coverage areas, and different impacts on interference in the 100 wireless network. For example, a macro BS may have a high transmission power level (e.g., 20 Watts) while a pio BS, a femto BS, and relays may have a lower transmission power level (e.g., 1 Watt).

[0041] The 100 wireless network can support synchronous or asynchronous operation. For synchronous operation, the Petition 870190062868, dated 05 / 07 / 2019, p. 20 / 88 14 / 53 BSs can have similar frame timing, and transmissions from different BSs can be approximately time-aligned. For asynchronous operation, BSs can have different frame timing, and transmissions from different BSs cannot be time-aligned. The techniques described here can be used for both synchronous and asynchronous operation.

[0042] A network controller 130 can couple to a set of BSs and provide coordination and control for these BSs. The network controller 130 can communicate with the BSs 110 through a return transport channel. The BSs 110 can also communicate with each other, for example, directly or indirectly through a wireless or wired transport channel.

[0043] 120 UEs (e.g., 120x, 120y, etc.) can be dispersed throughout the 100 wireless network, and each UE can be stationary or mobile. A UE can also be referred to as a mobile station, a terminal, an access terminal, a subscriber unit, a station, a Customer Premise Equipment (CPE), a mobile phone, a smartphone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wireless modem, a wireless communication device, a portable device, a laptop computer, a wireless phone, a Wireless Local Loop Station (WLL), a tablet, a camera, a gaming device, a netbook, a smartbook, an ultrabook, a medical device or medical equipment, a biometric sensor / device, a useful device such as a smartwatch, smart clothing, smart glasses, a smart wristband, smart jewelry (e.g., a ring). Petition 870190062868, dated 05 / 07 / 2019, page 21 / 88 15 / 53 smart, a smart bracelet, etc.), an entertainment device (e.g., a music device, a video device, a satellite radio, etc.), a vehicle component or sensor, a smart meter / sensor, industrial manufacturing equipment, a global positioning system device, or any other suitable device that is configured to communicate via a wireless or wired medium. Some UEs may be considered machine-type communication (MTC) devices or evolved MTC (eMTC) devices. MTC and eMTC UEs include, for example, robots, drones, remote devices, sensors, meters, monitors, location tags, etc., that can communicate with a BS, another device (e.g., remote device), or some other entity.A wireless node can provide, for example, connectivity to or from a network (e.g., a wide area network such as the Internet or a cellular network) via a wired or wireless communication link. Some UEs can be considered Internet Identification (IoT) devices.

[0044] In Figure 1, a solid line with double arrows indicates desired transmissions between a UE and a serving BS, which is a BS designated to serve the UE on the downlink and / or uplink. A dashed line with double arrows indicates interference transmissions between a UE and a BS.

[0045] Certain wireless networks (e.g., LTE) use orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) on the downlink and single carrier frequency division multiplexing (SC-FDM) on the link Petition 870190062868, dated 05 / 07 / 2019, page 22 / 88 16 / 53 ascending. OFDM and SC-FDM divide the system bandwidth into multiple orthogonal subcarriers, which are also commonly referred to as tones, bins, etc. Each subcarrier can be modulated with data. In general, modulation symbols are sent in the frequency domain with OFDM and in the time domain with SC-FDM. The spacing between adjacent subcarriers can be fixed, and the total number of subcarriers can depend on the system bandwidth. For example, the subcarrier spacing might be 15 kHz and the minimum resource allocation (called a “resource block”) might be 12 subcarriers (or 180 kHz). Consequently, the nominal FFT size might be 128, 256, 512, 1024, or 2048 for system bandwidths of 1, 25, 2, 5, 5, 10, or 20 megahertz (MHz), respectively. The system bandwidth can also be divided into sub-bands.For example, a sub-band might cover 1.08 MHz (that is, 6 resource blocks), and there could be 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 sub-bands for system bandwidths of 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, or 20 MHz, respectively.

[0046] Although aspects of the examples described herein may be associated with LTE technologies, aspects of the present invention may be applicable to other wireless communication systems, such as NR / 5G.

[0047] NR can utilize OFDM with a cyclic prefix (CP) on the uplink and downlink and include support for semi-duplex operation using TDD. A single-component carrier bandwidth of 100 MHz can be supported. NR resource blocks can span 12 subcarriers with a subcarrier bandwidth of 75 kHz over a duration of 0.1 ms. Petition 870190062868, dated 05 / 07 / 2019, page 23 / 88 17 / 53 Each radio frame can consist of 50 subframes with a length of 10 ms. Consequently, each subframe can have a length of 0.2 ms. Each subframe can indicate a link direction (i.e., downlink (DL) or uplink (UL)) for data transmission, and the link direction for each subframe can be dynamically switched. Each subframe can include DL / UL data as well as DL / UL control data. UL and DL subframes for NR can be as described in greater detail below with respect to Figures 9 and 10. Beamforming can be supported, and the beam direction can be dynamically configured. MIMO transmissions with pre-coding can also be supported. MIMO configurations in DL can support up to 8 transmit antennas with multi-layer DL transmissions up to 8 streams and up to 2 streams per UE. Multi-layer transmissions with up to 2 streams per UE can be supported.Multiple cell aggregation can be supported with up to 8 service cells. Alternatively, NR can support a different air interface, other than an OFDM interface. NR networks can include entities such as and / or DUs.

[0048] In some examples, access to the air interface can be programmed, where a programming entity (e.g., a base station) allocates resources for communication between some or all of the devices and equipment within its service area or cell. Within the present description, as discussed further below, the programming entity may be responsible for programming, assigning, reconfiguring, and releasing resources to one or more subordinate entities. That is, Petition 870190062868, dated 05 / 07 / 2019, page 24 / 88 18 / 53 for scheduled communication, subordinate entities use resources allocated by the scheduling entity. Base stations are not the only entities that can function as a scheduling entity. That is, in some examples, a UE can function as a scheduling entity, scheduling resources for one or more subordinate entities (e.g., one or more other UEs). In this example, the UE is functioning as a scheduling entity, and other UEs utilize resources scheduled by the UE for wireless communication. A UE can function as a scheduling entity in a non-hierarchical (P2P) network, and / or in an interleaving network. In an interleaving network example, UEs can optionally communicate directly with each other in addition to communicating with the scheduling entity.

[0049] Thus, in a wireless communication network with scheduled access for time and frequency resources and having a cellular configuration, a P2P configuration and a mesh configuration, a scheduling entity and one or more subordinate entities can communicate using the scheduled resources.

[0050] As noted above, a RAN can include a CU and DUs. The NR BS (e.g., gNB, 5G Node B, Node B, Transmit Receive Point (TRP), Access Point (AP)) can correspond to one or multiple BSs. NR cells can be configured as access cells (AcKs) or data-only cells (Dcells). For example, the RAN (e.g., a central unit or distributed unit) can configure the cells. Dcells can be cells used for carrier aggregation or connectivity. Petition 870190062868, dated 05 / 07 / 2019, page 25 / 88 19 / 53 double, but not used for initial access, cell selection / reselection, or handover. In some cases, cells may not transmit synchronization signals (SS); in some cases, cells may transmit SS. NR BSs may transmit downlink signals to UEs indicating the cell type. Based on the cell type indication, the UE can communicate with the NR BS. For example, the The EU may determine NR BSs to consider the selection of cells, access, delivery, and / or measurement based on the type of cell indicated.

[0051] Figure 2 illustrates an exemplary logical architecture of a distributed radio access network (RAN) 200, which can be implemented in the wireless communication system illustrated in Figure 1, the 5G access node. 206 may include an access node controller (ANC) 202. The ANC may be a central unit (CU) of the distributed RAN 200. The backhaul interface for the next generation core network (NG-CN) 204 may terminate at the ANC. The backhaul interface for neighboring next generation access nodes (NG-ANs) may terminate at the ANC. The ANC may include one or more TRPs 208 (which may also be referred to as BSs, NR BSs, node BSs, 5G NBs, APs, or some other term). As described above, the TRP may be used interchangeably with a cell.

[0052] 208 TRPs can be a DU. TRPs can be connected to one ANC (ANC202) or more than one ANC (not shown). For example, for RAN sharing, Radio as a Service (RaaS), and specific service uses, a TRP can be connected to more than one ANC. A TRP can include one or more Petition 870190062868, dated 05 / 07 / 2019, p. 26 / 88 20 / 53 antenna ports. The TRPs can be configured individually (e.g., dynamic selection) or together (e.g., joint transmission) for traffic to an UE.

[0053] The local 200 architecture can be used to illustrate the definition of fronthaul. The architecture can be defined to support access solutions across different deployment types. For example, the architecture can be based on transmission network capabilities (e.g., bandwidth, latency, and / or jitter).

[0054] The architecture may share features and / or components with LTE. Depending on the aspect, the next generation AN (NG-AN) 210 may support dual connectivity with NR; the NG-AN may share a common terminal for LTE and NR.

[0055] The architecture can allow cooperation between TRPs 208c, cooperation can be pre-established within a TRP and / or across TRPs via ANC 202. Depending on the aspect ratio, no inter-TRP interface may be required / present.

[0056] Depending on the aspect ratio, a dynamic configuration of split logic functions may be present within a 200 architecture. As will be described in greater detail with reference to Figure 5, the Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer, the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer, the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer, and the Physical Layer (PHY) layer may be adaptively placed in the DU or CU (e.g., TRP). Petition 870190062868, dated 05 / 07 / 2019, page 27 / 88 21 / 53 or ANC, respectively). Depending on certain aspects, a BS may include a central unit (CU) (e.g., ANC202) and / or one or more distributed units (e.g., one or more TRPs 208).

[0057] Figure 3 illustrates an exemplary physical architecture of a distributed RAN 300, according to aspects of the present invention. A centralized core network unit (C-CU) 302 can host core network functions. The C-CU can be installed centrally. The C-CU functionality can be offloaded (e.g., to Advanced Wireless Services (AWS)) in an effort to handle peak capacity.

[0058] A centralized RAN unit (C-RU) 304 can host one or more ANC functions. Optionally, the C-RU can host core network functions locally. C-RUs can have distributed deployment. The C-RU can be located closer to the network edge.

[0059] A DU 306 can host one or more TRPs (edge ​​node (EN), edge unit (EU), radio head (RH)), smart radio head (SRH), or similar). The DU may be located at the edges of the network with radio frequency (RF) functionality.

[0060] Figure 4 illustrates the illustrative components of the BS 110 and UE 120 illustrated in Figure 1, which can be used to implement aspects of the present invention. As described above, the BS may include a TRP. One or more components of the BS 110 and UE 120 may be used for the practice of aspects of the present invention. For example, antennas 452, TX / RX 454a, processors 466, 458, 464, and / or controller / processor 480 of the UE 120. Petition 870190062868, dated 05 / 07 / 2019, p. 28 / 88 22 / 53 and / or 434 antennas, 430, 420, 438 processors and / or BS 110 controller / processor 440 can be used to perform the operations described herein and illustrated with reference to Figures 11-15.

[0061] Depending on the aspect ratio, for a restricted association scenario, base station 110 could be macro BS 110c in Figure 1, and UE 120 could be UE 120y. Base station 110 could also be a base station of some other type. Base station 110 could be equipped with antennas 434a to 434t, and UE 120 could be equipped with antennas 452a to 452r.

[0062] At base station 110, a 420 transmission processor can receive data from a 412 data source and GAT control information from a 440 controller / processor. The control information can be for the Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH), Physical Control Format Indicator Channel (PCFICH), Physical Hybrid ARQ Indicator Channel (PHICH), Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH), etc. The data can be for the Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), etc. The 420 processor can process (e.g., encoding and symbol mapping) the data and control information to obtain data symbols and control symbols, respectively. The 420 processor can also generate reference symbols, e.g., for the PSS, SSS, and cell-specific reference signal.A 430 Multi-Input Multiple Transmission (MIMO) processor can perform spatial processing (e.g., pre-coding) on ​​data symbols, control symbols, and / or reference symbols, if... Petition 870190062868, dated 05 / 07 / 2019, page 29 / 88 23 / 53 applicable, and can provide output symbol streams for modulators (MODs) 432a to 432t. Each 432 modulator can process a respective output symbol stream (e.g., for OFDM, etc.) to obtain an output sample stream. Each 432 modulator can also process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and upconvert) the output sample stream to obtain a downlink signal. The downlink signals from modulators 432a to 432t can be transmitted through antennas 434a to 434t, respectively.

[0063] In UE 120, antennas 452a to 452r can receive downlink signals from UE base station 110 and can provide received signals to demodulators (DEMODs) 454a to 454r, respectively. Each 454 demodulator can condition (e.g., filter, amplify, downconvert, and scan) a respective received signal to obtain input samples. Each 454 demodulator can further process the input samples (e.g., for OFDM, etc.) to obtain received symbols. A 456 MIMO detector can obtain received symbols from all 454a to 454r demodulators, perform MIMO detection on the received symbols if applicable, and provide detected symbols. A receiving processor 458 can process (e.g., demodulate, deinterleave, and decode) the detected symbols, provide decoded data to the UE 120, a data store 460, and provide decoded control information to a controller / processor 480.

[0064] No uplink, in EU 120, one Petition 870190062868, dated 05 / 07 / 2019, p. 30 / 88 The 24 / 53 transmission processor 464 can receive and process data (e.g., Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUC)) from a data source 462 and control information (e.g., for the Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)) from the controller / processor 4802. The transmission processor 464 can also generate reference symbols for a reference signal. The symbols from the transmission processor 464 can be pre-coded by a MIMO TX processor 466, if applicable, further processed by demodulators 454a to 454r (e.g., for SC-FDM, etc.) and transmitted to base station 110. At BS 110, uplink signals from UE 120 can be received by antennas 434a to 434t, processed by modulators 432a to 432t, and detected by a MIMO detector 436, if applicable, and further processed by a receiving processor 438 to obtain decoded data and control information sent by UE 120.The receiving processor 438 can provide the decoded data to a data store 439 and the decoded control information to the controller / processor 440.

[0065] Controllers / processors 440 and 480 can direct operation on base station 110 and UE 120, respectively. Processor 440 and / or other processors and modules on base station 110 can execute or direct, for example, the execution of the functional blocks illustrated in Figure 6, and / or other processes for the techniques described herein. Processor 480 and / or other processors and modules on UE 120 can also execute or direct, for example, the execution of the functional blocks. Petition 870190062868, dated 05 / 07 / 2019, page 31 / 88 25 / 53 illustrated in Figures 7 and 8, and / or other processes for the techniques described herein. Memories 442 and 482 can store data and program codes for BS 110 and UE 120, respectively. A 444 programmer can program UEs for data transmission on the downlink and / or uplink.

[0066] Figure 5 illustrates a diagram 500 showing examples for implementing a communications protocol stack, according to aspects of the present invention. The illustrated communications protocol stacks can be implemented by devices operating in a 5G system (e.g., a system supporting uplink-based mobility). Diagram 500 illustrates a communications protocol stack including a Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer 510, a Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer 515, a Radio Link Control (RLC) layer 520, a Medium Access Control (MAC) layer 525, and a Physical (PHY) layer 530. In various examples, the layers of a protocol stack can be implemented as separate software modules, parts of a processor or ASIC, parts of non-placed devices connected by a communications link, or various combinations thereof.Combined and non-combined implementations can be used, for example, in a protocol stack for a network access device (e.g., ANs, CUs, and / or DUs) or a UE.

[0067] A first 505-a option shows a split implementation of a protocol stack, in which the protocol stack implementation is split between a centralized network access device (e.g., a Petition 870190062868, dated 05 / 07 / 2019, p. 32 / 88 26 / 53 ANC 202 in Figure 2) and distributed network access device (e.g., DU 208 in the figure). In the first 505-a option, an RRC layer 510 and a PDCP layer 515 can be implemented by the central unit, and an RLC layer 520, a MAC layer 525, and a PHY layer 530 can be implemented by the DU. In several examples, CU and DU can be combined or not combined. The first 505-a option can be useful in macrocell, microcell, or picocell applications.

[0068] A second 505-b option shows a unified implementation of a protocol stack, in which the protocol stack is implemented on a single network access device (e.g., access node (AN), new radio base station (NR BS), new radio node b (NR NB), network node (NN), or similar). In the second option, the RRC layer 510, the PDCP layer 515, the RLC layer 520, the MAC layer 525, and the PHY layer 530 can each be implemented by the AN. The second 505-b option can be useful in femtocell development.

[0069] Regardless of whether a network access device implements part or all of a protocol stack, a UE can implement an entire 505-c protocol stack (e.g., the RRC layer 510, the PDCP layer 515, the RLC layer 520, the MAC layer 525, and the PHY layer 530).

[0070] Figure 6 illustrates several components that can be used in a 602 wireless communication device that can be employed in the wireless communication system from Figure 1. The 602 wireless communication device is an example of a device that Petition 870190062868, dated 05 / 07 / 2019, p. 33 / 88 27 / 53 can be configured to implement the various methods described herein. The wireless communications device 602 can be a BS 110 from Figure 1 or any of the user equipment 120.

[0071] The wireless communications device 602 may include a processor 604 that controls the operation of the wireless communications device 602. The processor 604 may also be referred to as a central processing unit (CPU). Memory 606, which may include both read-only memory (ROM) and random-access memory (RAM), provides instructions and data to the processor 604. A portion of memory 606-T may also include non-volatile random-access memory (NVRAM). The processor 604 typically performs logical and arithmetic operations based on program instructions stored within memory 606. The instructions in memory 606 may be executable to implement the methods described herein.

[0072] The wireless communications device 602 may also include a housing 608 which may contain a transmitter 610 and a receiver 612 to enable the transmission and reception of data between the wireless device 602 and a remote location. The transmitter 610 and the receiver 612 may be combined into a transceiver 614. A single or a plurality of transmitting antennas 616 may be coupled to the housing 608 and electrically coupled to the transceiver 614. The wireless communications device 602 may also include multiple transmitters (not shown), multiple receivers, and multiple transceivers.

[0073] The wireless communications device Petition 870190062868, dated 05 / 07 / 2019, p. 34 / 88 28 / 53 602 may also include a signal detector 618 which can be used in an effort to detect and quantify the level of signals received by the transceiver 614. The signal detector 618 can detect such signals as total energy, energy per subcarrier per symbol, power spectral density and other signals. The wireless communications device 602 may also include a digital signal processor (DSP) 620 for use in processing signals.

[0074] Additionally, the wireless communication device 602 may also include an encoder 622 for use in encoding signals for transmission. The encoder may also store the encoded signals in a circular buffer (not shown) and perform rate matching on the encoded signals (e.g., by implementing 1200 operations). Furthermore, the wireless communication device 602 may include a decoder 624 for use in decoding received signals.

[0075] The various components of the wireless communications device 602 can be coupled together by a bus system 626, which may include a power bus, a control signal bus, and a status signal bus in addition to a data bus. The processor 604 can be configured to access instructions stored in memory 606 to perform connectionless access, according to aspects of the present invention discussed below.

[0076] Figure 7 is a simplified block diagram illustrating an encoder, according to Petition 870190062868, dated 05 / 07 / 2019, page 35 / 88 29 / 53 certain aspects of the present invention. Figure 7 illustrates a portion of a radio frequency (RF) modem 704 that can be configured to provide an encoded message for wireless transmission (e.g., using polar codes described below). In one example, an encoder 706 in a base station (e.g., BS110) or in a UE (e.g., UE120) receives a message 702 for transmission. The message 702 may contain encoded data and / or voice or other content directed to the receiving device. The encoder 706 encodes the message using a suitable modulation and coding scheme (MCS), typically selected based on a configuration defined by a base station (e.g., BS110) or other network entity. The encoded bitstream 708 can then be stored in a circular buffer and rate matching can be performed on the stored encoded bitstream, for example, according to the aspects presented below.After the encoded bitstream 708 is matched, the encoded bitstream 708 can then be provided to a mapper 710 which generates a sequence of symbols TX 712 which are modulated, amplified and otherwise processed by the chain TX 714 to produce an RF signal 716 for transmission through the antenna 718.

[0077] Figure 8 is a simplified block diagram illustrating a decoder according to certain aspects of the present invention. Figure 8 illustrates a part of an RF modem 810 that can be configured to receive and decode a wirelessly transmitted signal including an encoded message (for example, a message encoded using a polar code as per Petition 870190062868, dated 05 / 07 / 2019, page 36 / 88 30 / 53 described below). In several examples, the modem 810 receiving the signal may reside in the access terminal, the base station, or any other suitable apparatus or device for performing the functions described. An antenna 802 provides an RF signal 716 (i.e., the RF signal produced in Figure 7) to an access terminal (e.g., UE 120). An RF current 806 processes and demodulates the RF signal 716 and may provide a sequence of symbols 808 to a demapper 812, which produces a bit stream 814 representative of the encoded message.

[0078] An 816 decoder can then be used to decode M-bit information sequences from a bitstream that has been encoded using an encoding scheme (e.g., a Polar code). The 816 decoder may comprise a Viterbi decoder, an algebraic decoder, a butterfly decoder, or another suitable decoder. In one example, a Viterbi decoder employs the well-known Viterbi algorithm to find the most probable sequence of signaling states (the Viterbi path) that corresponds to a received 814-bitstream. The 814-bitstream can be decoded based on a statistical analysis of Log Likelihood Ratios (LLRs) calculated for the 814-bitstream. In one example, a Viterbi decoder can compare and select the correct Viterbi path that defines a sequence of signaling states using a likelihood ratio test to generate LLRs from the 814-bitstream.Likelihood ratios can be used to statistically compare the fit of a plurality of candidate Viterbi paths using one. Petition 870190062868, dated 05 / 07 / 2019, page 37 / 88 31 / 53 likelihood ratio test that compares the logarithm of a likelihood ratio for each candidate Viterbi path (i.e., the LLR) to determine which path is most likely to account for the symbol sequence that produced the bit stream 814. The decoder 816 can then decode the bit stream 814 based on the LLRs to determine the message 818 containing encoded data and / or voice or other content transmitted from the base station (e.g., BS 110).

[0079] Figure 9 is a 900 diagram showing an example of a downlink-centered subframe, which can be used by one or more devices (e.g., BS 110 and / or UE120) to communicate on the wireless network 100 represented in Figure 1. The DL center subframe may include a 902 control portion. The 902 control portion may exist in the initial or initial portion of the DL center subframe. The 902 control portion may include various programming information and / or control information corresponding to various parts of the DL center subframe. In some configurations, the 902 control portion may be a physical DL control channel (PDCCH), as indicated in Figure 9. The DL center subframe may also include a DL data portion 904. The DL data portion 904 may sometimes be referred to as the payload of the DL center subframe.The DL 904 data portion may include the communication resources used to communicate DL data from the scheduling entity (e.g., UE or BS) to the subordinate entity (e.g., UE). In some configurations, the DL 904 data portion may be a physical DL shared channel (PDSCH). Petition 870190062868, dated 05 / 07 / 2019, p. 38 / 88 32 / 53

[0080] The central DL subframe may also include a common uplink (UL) portion 906. The common UL portion 906 may sometimes be referred to as a UL burst, common UL burst, and / or various other suitable terms. The common UL portion 906 may include feedback information corresponding to various other parts of the central DL subframe. For example, the common UL portion 906 may include feedback information corresponding to control portion 902. Non-limiting examples of feedback information may include an AC K signal, a NAC K signal, a HARQ indicator, and / or various other suitable types of information. The common UL portion 906 may include additional or alternative information, such as information relating to random access channel (RACH) procedures, scheduling requests (SRs), and various other suitable types of information.As illustrated in Figure 19, the data end of DL 904 can be separated in time from the beginning of the common UL 906. This time separation may sometimes be referred to as a gap, a guard period, a guard interval, and / or various other suitable terms. This separation provides time for the switching of DL communication (e.g., the reception operation by the subordinate entity (e.g., UE)) to UL communication (e.g., transmission by the subordinate entity (e.g., UE)). The foregoing is merely an example of a central DL subframe, and alternative structures having similar characteristics may exist without necessarily deviating from the aspects described herein.

[0081] Figure 10 is a 1000 diagram that Petition 870190062868, dated 05 / 07 / 2019, p. 39 / 88 Figure 33 / 53 shows an example of a subframe centered on the uplink, which can be used by one or more devices (e.g., BS 110 and / or UE120) to communicate on the wireless network 100 represented in Figure 1. The UL center subframe may include a control portion 1002. The control portion 1002 may exist in the initial or initial portion of the UL center subframe. The control portion 1002 in Figure 10 may be similar to the control portion described above with reference to Figure 9. The UL center subframe may also include a UL data portion 1004. The UL data portion 1004 may sometimes be referred to as the payload of the UL center subframe. The UL portion may refer to the communication resources used to communicate UL data from the subordinate entity (e.g., UE) to the programming entity (e.g., UE or BS). In some configurations, the 1002 control portion may be a physical DL control channel (PDCCH).

[0082] As illustrated in Figure 10, the end of the control section 1002 can be separated in time from the start of the UL data section system. 1004. This time separation may sometimes be referred to as a gap, protection period, protection interval, and / or various other suitable terms. This separation provides time for switching between DL communication (e.g., reception operation by the programming entity) and UL communication (e.g., transmission by the programming entity). The central UL subframe may also include a common UL part 1006. The part of The common UL 1006 in Figure 10 may be similar to the UL port. Petition 870190062868, dated 05 / 07 / 2019, p. 40 / 88 Part 34 / 53 of common UL 906 described above with reference to Figure 9. Part 1006 of common UL may additionally or alternatively include information pertaining to the channel quality indicator (CQI), sound reference signals (SRSs), and various other suitable types of information. The foregoing is merely an example of a central UL subframe, and alternative structures having similar characteristics may exist without necessarily deviating from the aspects described herein.

[0083] In some circumstances, two or more subordinate entities (e.g., UEs) may communicate with each other using side-link signals. Applications of such side-link communications may include public safety, proximity services, UE-to-network communication, vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications, Internet of Everything (IoE) communications, Internet of Things (IoT) communications, mission-critical mesh, and / or various other suitable applications. Generally, a side-link signal can refer to a signal communicated from one subordinate entity (e.g., UE1) to another subordinate entity (e.g., UE2) without retransmitting that communication through the programming entity (e.g., UE or BS), even if the programming entity may be used for programming and / or control purposes. In some examples, side-link signals may be communicated using licensed spectrum (unlike wireless local area networks, which typically use unlicensed spectrum).

[0084] A UE can operate in various radio resource configurations, including a Petition 870190062868, dated 05 / 07 / 2019, p. 41 / 88 35 / 53 configuration associated with transmitting pilot signals using a dedicated set of resources (e.g., a dedicated Radio Resource Control (RRC) state, etc.) or a configuration associated with transmitting pilot signals using a common set of resources (e.g., a common RRC state, etc.). When operating in the dedicated RRC state, the UE can select a dedicated set of resources to transmit a pilot signal to a network. When operating in the common RRC state, the UE can select a common set of resources to transmit a pilot signal to the network. In either case, a pilot signal transmitted by the UE can be received by one or more network access devices, such as an AN, or a DU, or parts thereof.Each receiving network access device can be configured to receive and measure pilot signals transmitted on the common resource pool, and also to receive and measure pilot signals transmitted on dedicated resource pools allocated to UEs for which the network access device is a member of a network access device monitoring pool for the UE. One or more of the receiving network access devices, or a CU to which the receiving network access device(s) transmit the pilot signal measurements, can use the measurements to identify service cells for the UEs, or to initiate a service cell change for one or more of the UEs. Example Polar Codes

[0085] As noted above, polar codes can be used to encode a number of bits of information (including CRC if one is attached), K, for Petition 870190062868, dated 05 / 07 / 2019, page 42 / 88 36 / 53 transmission. Polar codes are the first high-capacity acquisition coding scheme with nearly linear (in block length) encoding and decoding complexity. Polar codes are widely considered as a candidate for error correction in next-generation wireless systems. Polar codes possess many desirable properties, such as deterministic construction (e.g., based on a Fast Hadamard Transform), very low and predictive error floors, and simple decoding based on simple successive cancellation (SC).

[0086] Polar codes are linear block codes of length N = 2n where their generating matrix is ​​constructed using the power of KronecKernésímo ^amatrizr.....P denoted by Gn. For example, Equation (1) shows the resulting generating matrix for n = 3. 0 0 1 0 4 1 1 1 1 1 1-

[0087] In certain respects, a codeword can be generated (for example, by a BS) using the generator matrix to encode a number of input bits (for example, information bits). For example, given a number of input bits u = (uo, ui, ...run-i), Petition 870190062868, dated 05 / 07 / 2019, p. 43 / 88 37 / 53 A resulting codeword vector x = (xo, xi, ..., xni) can be generated by encoding the input bits using the generator matrix G. This resulting codeword can then be rate-matched (e.g., using techniques described here) and transmitted by a base station over a wireless medium and received by a UE.

[0088] When received vectors are decoded (e.g., by the UE) using a Successive Cancellation (SC) decoder (e.g., decoder 816 in the Figure), each estimated bit has a predetermined error probability, given that bits u0i-1 were correctly decoded, which tends to either 0 or 0.5. Furthermore, the proportion of estimated bits with a low error probability tends to increase the capacity of the underlying channel. Polar codes exploit a phenomenon called channel polarization by using the most reliable K bits to transmit information, while adjusting, or freezing, the remaining (NK) bits to a predetermined value, such as 0, for example, as explained below.

[0089] For very large N, polar codes transform the channel into N virtual communication channels, each virtual for the N bits of information. If C is the channel capacity, then there are almost N*C bit channels that are completely noise-free and there are N*(1-C) bit channels that are completely noisy. The basic polar coding scheme then involves freezing (i.e., not transmitting) the bits of information to be sent along the completely noisy channel and sending information only along the perfect channels. For N Petition 870190062868, dated 05 / 07 / 2019, p. 44 / 88 38 / 53 short-to-half, this polarization cannot be complete in the sense that there may be a signal. Several channels are neither completely useless nor completely noise-free (i.e., channels that are in transition). Depending on the transmission rate, these channels in transition are either frozen or used for transmission. Rate Matching Scheme for Control Channel Using Polar Codes

[0090] Aspects of the present invention relate to a rate matching scheme for channel control using polar codes. Rate matching is a process by which the number of bits to be transmitted is matched with the available bandwidth, for example, the number of bits allowed to be transmitted. In certain cases, the amount of data to be transmitted is less than the available bandwidth, and in such cases, all the data to be transmitted is sent in addition to one or more copies of the data (a technique called repetition). In other cases, the amount of data to be transmitted exceeds the available bandwidth, and in such cases, a certain portion of the data to be transmitted may be omitted from the transmission (a technique called punching).

[0091] In LTE, 1 / 3 rate tail attack convolutional codes (TBCCs) are used for rate matching control channels, which is typically performed using a circular buffer, such as the 1100 circular buffer shown in Figure 11, for example, after encoding a bit stream, the encoded bits resulting from the three polynomials are placed in the buffer. Petition 870190062868, dated 05 / 07 / 2019, page 45 / 88 39 / 53 circular one by one. For example, with reference to Figure 11, code bits from a first polynomial are placed in the circular buffer in the range [0, K). Furthermore, code bits from a second polynomial are placed in the circular buffer in the range [K, 2K), and code bits from a third polynomial are placed in the circular buffer in the range [2K, 3K).

[0092] Once the encoded bits are placed in the circular buffer, rate matching can be performed. For example, assuming a number of encoded bits for transmission of 'E', if E = 3K, then no punching repetition (i.e., rate matching) is performed. However, if E > 3K, then repetition can be performed clockwise or counterclockwise from 3K around the circular buffer. Additionally, if E < 3K, then punching can be performed counterclockwise from 3K around the circular buffer.

[0093] In NR, polar codes can be used to encode a bit stream for transmission. However, in some cases, the use of the rate matching scheme described above (e.g., for TBCC codes) can lead to performance loss when used with polar codes, for example, when the circular buffer size is not a power of 2 (e.g., the block length constraint of polar codes). Thus, aspects of the present invention propose an efficient equalization scheme for control channels using polar codes.

[0094] Figure 12 illustrates operations of Petition 870190062868, dated 05 / 07 / 2019, p. 46 / 88 40 / 53 example 1200 for wireless communications, for example, for rate matching of a control channel using polar codes. 1200 operations can be performed by a wireless communication device, such as a base station (BS110), 120 user equipment and / or other wireless communication devices.

[0095] Operations 1200 begin in 1202 by encoding a bit stream using a polar code. Operations 1200 then proceed to 1204, where the wireless communications device determines a circular buffer size to store the encoded bit stream based, at least in part, on a minimum supported code rate, R min, and a number of information bits, K. Operations 1200 then proceed to 1206, where the wireless communications device performs rate matching on a stored encoded bit stream based, at least in part, on a parent code size, N, of the stored encoded bit stream E and a number of bits encoded for transmission, E. Additionally, although not illustrated, operations 1200 may also include the transmission of the rate-matched encoded bits, for example, using one or more antennas.

[0096] As noted, the wireless communication device can first encode a bit stream using a polar code. The wireless communication device can then store the encoded bits in a circular buffer, for example, as illustrated in Figure 1, the size of the circular buffer (which is equal to the size of the mother code, N) can be determined Petition 870190062868, dated 05 / 07 / 2019, page 47 / 88 41 / 53 as N2 or N2 / 2. N2 is the minimum power of 2 (e.g., in 2X), which is not less than the number of bits of information (including the CRC if one is attached), K, divided by the minimum supported code rate, Rmin (e.g., 1 / 6, 1 / 8, etc.). For example, suppose K = 32 and R = 1 / 6, N2 is equal to 256 (i.e., 2⁸) because 256 represents the minimum power of 2 that is not less than 32 * 6 = 192. In other words, N2 is not equal to 128 (e.g., 2⁷) as 128 is less than 192 and N2 is not equal to 512 as 512 is not the minimum power of two before 192.

[0097] The wireless communication device can then determine a parameter, Nm, where Nm is the minimum power of 2 that is not less than the number of bits encoded for transmission, E. Additionally, a parameter Ni can be determined according to: NlJseE < / lNM [N^ otherwise

[0098] In the example above, β is a real value in the range [1,2]. For example, β could be equal to 1.125 or 9 / 8 in some examples.

[0099] The wireless communication device can then determine a mother code size, N, where N is an integer whose value is the minimum between Ni and N2. For example, the wireless communication device can determine N according to N = min (Ni, N2) .

[00100] In certain respects, the wireless communications device can then perform rate matching of the stored encoded stream. Petition 870190062868, dated 05 / 07 / 2019, p. 48 / 88 42 / 53 bits in the circular buffer. As noted above, rate matching may involve punching certain bits of the stored encoded signal bits or repeating certain bits of the stored encoded bits. Whether punching or repeating can be determined based on a number of encoded bits for transmission, E, and the size of the mother code, N. If E > N, EN of the stored encoded bits are repeated based on the Polar code (N, K) starting at the starting point of the circular buffer. For example, a counter-clockwise mode (i.e., starting at the starting point and repeating the stored encoded bits counter-clockwise around the circular buffer).Additionally, if E < N at low rate, NE of the stored encoded bits are punched based on Polar (N, K) code starting at the starting point of the circular buffer in a counterclockwise direction (i.e., starting at the starting point and punching stored encoded bits counterclockwise around the circular buffer). If E < N at high rate, NE of the stored encoded bits are shortened based on Polar (N, K) code starting at the ending point of the circular buffer in a counterclockwise direction (i.e., starting at the ending point and small encoded bits stored counterclockwise around the circular buffer).

[00101] In certain respects, bit punching, shortening, and bit repetition can be performed according to a defined pattern. For example, bit punching, the defined pattern can be [1E 0N-E]. In certain respects, the wireless communication device can generate a vector of E, followed by zeros of NE, Petition 870190062868, dated 05 / 07 / 2019, page 49 / 88 43 / 53 according to the standard. The wireless communications device can then punch bits at locations of the zeros NE in the circular buffer starting from the NE location running counterclockwise. In some cases, the wireless communications device can punch bits at locations in the circular buffer location according to a bit inversion of the generated vector, for example, starting at the N location and running counterclockwise.

[00102] According to certain aspects, for bit repetition, the defined pattern can be [1 en 02n-e]. The wireless communications device can generate a vector of EN, followed by zeros of 2N-E, according to the pattern. The wireless communications device can then repeat bits at EN locations in the circular buffer, for example, starting from the NE location and running counterclockwise. In some cases, the wireless communications device can repeat bits at system locations in the circular buffer according to a bit inversion of the vector, for example, starting from the N location and running counterclockwise.

[00103] Figure 14 illustrates an example of determining the size of a circular buffer and bit punching in the circular buffer. The example in Figure 14 assumes a number of information bits (including CRC if one is attached) K = 32, a minimum supported code rate of R min = 1 / 6, a number of bits encoded for transmission e = 136, and β = 9 / 8. According to certain aspects, N2 can be determined by the wireless communications device to be 256, which represents the lowest power of 2 (e.g., in 2x) that is not less than 32(1 / 6) (i.e., K / R min). NM is determined by the wireless communications device. Petition 870190062868, dated 05 / 07 / 2019, p. 50 / 88 44 / 53 wire to be 256, which represents the lowest power of 2 that is not less than and additionally, the wireless communication device determines the value of Ni = 128, according to - E < βNM in another way

[00104] The wireless communication device can then determine the mother code size N = min (Ni, N2) = 128.

[00105] In the example in Figure 14, the wireless communication device determines N = 128, or 256 / 2 (i.e., Nm / 2). The wireless communication device can then determine repetition or punching, for example, based on the mother code size N and the number of bits encoded for transmission, for example, in the example illustrated in Figure 14, the wireless communication device will determine that 8 bits encoded in the circular buffer will need to be punched based on the Polar code (128, 32), for example, since E>N (i.e., 136 > 128). Accordingly, the wireless communication device will repeat these 8 encoded bits according to the pattern method described above, starting at the starting point of the circular buffer and rotating counterclockwise.

[00106] Figure 15 illustrates an example of determining the size of a circular buffer and bit repetition in the circular buffer. The example in Figure 15 assumes Petition 870190062868, dated 05 / 07 / 2019, p. 51 / 88 45 / 53 where a number of information bits (including CRC if one is attached) K = 48, a minimum supported code rate of R min = 1 / 6, a number of bits encoded for transmission e = 384, β = 1.125. According to certain aspects, N2 can be determined by the wireless communication device to be 512, which represents the lowest power of 2 (e.g., in 2 x) that is not less than 48 / 1 / 6) (i.e., K / R min). Nm is determined by the wireless communication device to be 512, which represents the lowest power of 2 that is not less than and additionally, the wireless communication device determines the value of Ni = 512 according to: - E < βNM in another way

[00107] The wireless communication device can then determine the mother code size N = min (Ni, Afe) = 512.

[00108] In the example in Figure 15, the wireless communication device determines N = 512, or 512 / 1 (i.e., Nm). The wireless communication device can then determine the repetition or punching, for example, based on the mother code size, N, and the number of bits encoded for transmission, for example, in the example illustrated in FIG. 15, the wireless communication device will determine that 128 bits are encoded in the circular buffer. Petition 870190062868, dated 05 / 07 / 2019, page 52 / 88 46 / 53 will need to be punched based on the Polar code (512, 48), for example, since E < N (that is, 384 < 512). According to aspects, the wireless communications device will punch these 128 bits encoded according to the methods described above, starting at location 0 in the circular buffer memory and running counterclockwise.

[00109] In terms of aspects, the rate matching scheme described above works for all combinations of control information size and allocated block size. Additionally, there is a good trade-off between decoding complexity and performance. Furthermore, this rate matching scheme guarantees comparable performance between a minimum supported encoding rate, RMin, and a power of 2 mother code size, N. Moreover, the perforation and repetition patterns presented here are efficient and reduce performance loss.

[00110] The methods described herein comprise one or more steps or actions to achieve the described method. The steps and / or actions of the method may be interchangeable with one another without departing from the scope of the claims. In other words, unless a specific order of steps or actions is specified, the order and / or use of specific steps and / or actions may be modified without departing from the scope of the claims.

[00111] As used here, a phrase referring to “at least one of” a list of items refers to any combination of those items, including single elements. For example, we want at least one of: a, b, or c, to cover a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, and abc, Petition 870190062868, dated 05 / 07 / 2019, p. 53 / 88 47 / 53 as well as any combination with multiples of the same element (for example, aa, aaa, aab, aac, abb, ac-c, bb, bbb, bbc, cc and ccc or any other ordering of a, b and c).

[00112] As used herein, the term determination encompasses a wide variety of actions. For example, the determination of determining events may include calculation, computation, processing, derivation, investigation, search (e.g., looking in a table, database, or other data structure), verification, and the like. Also, the determination of messages may include receiving (e.g., receiving information), accessing (e.g., accessing data in a memory), and the like. Also, the determination of events may include resolution, selection, selection, establishment, and the like.

[00113] In some cases, instead of actually transmitting a frame, a device may have an interface to emit a frame for transmission. For example, a processor may emit a frame, via a bus interface, to an RF front end for transmission. Similarly, instead of actually receiving a frame, a device may have an interface to obtain a frame received from another device. For example, a processor may obtain (or receive) a frame, via a bus interface, from an RF front end for transmission.

[00114] The various method operations described above can be performed by any suitable means capable of performing the corresponding functions. The means may include various hardware component(s) and / or Petition 870190062868, dated 05 / 07 / 2019, p. 54 / 88 48 / 53 software(s) and / or module(s) including, but not limited to, a circuit, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or processor. Generally, where operations are illustrated in figures, these operations may have corresponding means-plus-function components with similar numbering.

[00115] For example, means for transmission, means for reception, means for determining, means for effecting (e.g., rate matching), means for encoding, means for punching, means for repeating, and / or means for generating may comprise one or more processors or antennas in BS 110 or UE 120, such as transmission processor 220, controller / processor 240, reception processor 238, or antennas 234 in BS 110 and / or transmission processor 264, controller / processor 280, reception processor 258, or antennas 252 in UE 120.

[00116] The various illustrative logic blocks, modules, and circuits described in relation to the figure in this description may be implemented or executed with a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device (PLD), discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but alternatively, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or machine. Petition 870190062868, dated 05 / 07 / 2019, pages 55 / 88 49 / 53 commercially available state. A processor can also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, for example, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors together with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.

[00117] If implemented in hardware, an exemplary hardware configuration might comprise a processing system on a wireless node. The processing system might be implemented with a bus architecture. The bus might include any number of interconnect buses and bridges, depending on the specific application of the processing system and the overall design constraints. The bus might be connected to various circuits, including a processor, a machine-readable medium, and a bus interface. The bus interface might be used to connect a network adapter, among other things, to the processing system via the bus. The network adapter might be used to implement the signal processing functions of the PHY layer. In the case of a user terminal 120 (see Figure), a user interface (e.g., keyboard, display, mouse, joystick, etc.) might also be connected to the bus.The bus can also connect various other circuits, such as timing sources, peripherals, voltage regulators, power management circuits, and the like, which are well known in the art and therefore will not be described below. The processor can be implemented with one or more general-purpose and / or special-purpose processors. Petition 870190062868, dated 05 / 07 / 2019, pages 56 / 88 50 / 53 Examples include microprocessors, microcontrollers, DSP processors, and other circuits that can execute software. Those skilled in the art will recognize how to implement the described functionality for the processing system, depending on the specific application and the general design constraints imposed on the overall system.

[00118] If implemented in software, functions may be stored or transmitted over the ATT as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Software should be broadly interpreted to mean instructions, data, or any combination thereof, whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise. Computer-readable media include computer storage media and communication media, including any means that facilitate the transfer of a computer program from one place to another. The processor may be responsible for managing the bus and general processing, including the execution of software modules stored on the machine-readable storage medium. A computer-readable storage medium may be coupled to a processor such that the processor can read information from, and write information to, the storage medium.Alternatively, the storage medium can be integrated with the processor. For example, machine-readable media could include a transmission line, a data-modulated carrier wave, and / or a computer-readable storage medium with instructions stored on it separate from the wireless node, all of which can be accessed. Petition 870190062868, dated 05 / 07 / 2019, page 57 / 88 51 / 53 by the processor via the bus interface. Alternatively or in addition, machine-readable media, or any portion thereof, may be integrated into the processor, such as temporary storage and / or general-purpose register files. Examples of machine-readable storage media may include, by way of example, RAM (Random Access Memory), flash memory, ROM (Read-Only Memory), PROM (Programmable Read-Only Memory), EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory), EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory), registers, magnetic disks, optical disks, hard disks, or any other suitable storage media, or any combination thereof. Machine-readable media may be incorporated into a computer program product.

[00119] A software module may comprise a single instruction, or many instructions, and may be distributed across several different code segments, between different programs, and across multiple storage media. Computer-readable media may comprise a number of software modules. Software modules include instructions that, when executed by a device such as a processor, cause the processing system to perform various functions. Software modules may include a transmit module and a receive module. Each software module may reside on a single storage device or be distributed across multiple storage devices. For example, a Petition 870190062868, dated 05 / 07 / 2019, pages 58 / 88 52 / 53 A software module can be loaded into RAM from a hard drive when a trigger event occurs. During the execution of the software module, the processor may load some of the instructions into cache to increase access speed. One or more cache lines may then be loaded into a general register file for execution by the processor. When referring to the functionality of a software module below, it will be understood that such functionality is implemented by the processor when executing instructions from that software module.

[00120] Also, any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared (IR), radio, and microwave, then the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of medium. Floppy disk and disk, as used herein, include compact disc (CD), laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD), floppy disk, and disk where disks generally reproduce data magnetically, while disks reproduce data optically with lasers. Thus, in some respects, computer-readable media may encompass non-transitional computer-readable media (e.g., tangible media).Furthermore, for other aspects, computer-readable media may comprise transient computer-readable media (e.g., a signal). Combinations. Petition 870190062868, dated 05 / 07 / 2019, page 59 / 88 Points 53 / 53 of the above should also be included within the scope of computer-readable media.

[00121] Furthermore, it should be appreciated that the modules and / or other means appropriate for the execution of the methods and techniques described herein may be downloaded and / or otherwise obtained by a user terminal and / or base station as applicable. For example, such a device may be coupled to a server to facilitate the transfer of means for the execution of the methods described herein. Alternatively, several methods described herein may be provided through storage media (e.g., RAM, ROM, a physical storage medium such as a compact disc (CD) or floppy disk, etc.), such that a user terminal and / or base station may obtain the various methods by coupling or providing the storage medium to the device. In addition, any other technique suitable for providing the methods and techniques described herein to a device may be used.

[00122] It should be understood that the claims are not limited to the precise configuration and components illustrated above. Various modifications, changes, and variations may be made to the arrangement, operation, and details of the methods and apparatus described above without departing from the scope of the claims. Petition 870190062868, dated 05 / 07 / 2019, pages 60 / 88

Claims

1 / 2 CLAIMS 1. Wireless communication method characterized in that it comprises: encoding (1202) a bit stream using a polar code; storing the encoded bit stream in a circular buffer whose size is determined (1204) as N2, wherein N2 is the minimum power of 2 that is not less than a control information size K divided by a minimum supported code rate Rmin; and performing (1206) rate matching on the stored encoded bit stream based, at least in part, on a mother code size, N, and a number of bits encoded for transmission, E, wherein the size of the circular buffer is equal to the mother code size N.

2. Method, according to claim 1, characterized in that performing rate matching on the stored encoded bit stream comprises punching a first number of the stored encoded bits if the number of encoded bits for transmission, E, is less than the size of the mother code, N.

3. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that performing rate matching on the stored encoded bitstream comprises repeating a second number of stored encoded bits if the number of encoded bits for transmission, E, is greater than the size of the mother code, N.

4. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the minimum supported code rate is 1 / 6.

5. Wireless communication device characterized in that it comprises: means for encoding (1202) a bit stream using a polar code; Petition 870250009996, dated 06 / 02 / 2025, page 13 / 15 2 / 2 means for storing the encoded bit stream in a circular buffer whose size is determined (1204) as N2, wherein N2 is the minimum power of 2 that is not less than a control information size K divided by a minimum supported code rate Rmin; and means for performing (1206) rate matching on the stored encoded bit stream based, at least in part, on a mother code size, N, and a number of bits encoded for transmission, E, wherein the size of the circular buffer is equal to the mother code size N.

6. Wireless communication device, according to claim 5, characterized in that performing rate matching on the stored encoded bit stream comprises punching a first number of stored encoded bits if the number of encoded bits for transmission, E, is less than the size of the parent code, N.

7. Computer-readable memory characterized in that it comprises instructions stored therein, the instructions being executable by a computer to perform the method defined in any one of claims 1 to 4. Petition 870250009996, dated 06 / 02 / 2025, p. 14 / 15

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