METHOD AND APPARATUS OF COMMUNICATIONS

Abstract

This application discloses a method and apparatus for communications. The method includes: obtaining, by a terminal device, information on the block index of downlink synchronization signals; receiving, by the terminal device, information used to indicate an association relationship between a random access resource and a block of synchronization signals; and accessing, by the terminal device, a network device based on the information in a resource corresponding to the block index information of synchronization signals. This application further discloses a corresponding apparatus.A time-frequency location of a random access resource associated with each downlink synchronization signal is indicated, so that the terminal device obtains, through downlink synchronization, a time-frequency location to send an uplink random access signal, to avoid a blind attempt by the terminal device and a network device beam mismatch from occurring when the network device receives a random access signal, thus improving efficiency.

Description

1 / 87 “METHOD AND APPARATUS OF COMMUNICATION”

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 201810032285.5, filed with the National Intellectual Property Administration of China on January 12, 2018, and entitled COMMUNICATIONS METHOD AND APPARATUS, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] This application relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a method and apparatus for communications. FUNDAMENTALS

[0003] Before communicating with a terminal device, a base station must first perform uplink and downlink synchronization. During downlink synchronization, the base station sends downlink synchronization signals using a plurality of transmit beams. The terminal device receives and detects the downlink synchronization signals using one or more receive beams, to obtain an optimal downlink transmit and receive beam pair, timing information, and system information. Uplink synchronization is completed with the help of a random access process. The terminal device first sends a random access signal.The base station detects the random access signal to obtain an optimal uplink transmit and receive beam pair, an uplink time, and similar parameters to ultimately implement uplink synchronization between the base station and the terminal device.

[0004] In a New Radio (NR) communications system, different random access resources may be in association relationships with different beams, or a base station uses different beams to receive uplink signals on different random access resources. Therefore, different beams from the base station may have different base station coverage areas. Terminal devices send uplink signals or receive downlink signals in different areas. The uplink signals received by the base station or the downlink signals received by the terminal devices have different Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, p. 28 / 144 2 / 87 Demodulation or detection performance. As shown in Figure 1, when a terminal device sends an uplink signal in a beam direction aligned with an area where the terminal device is located, a signal received by the base station has the best demodulation or detection performance; or when a terminal device sends an uplink signal in a beam direction not aligned with an area where the terminal device is located, a signal received by the base station has relatively low demodulation or detection performance. Therefore, when implementing uplink synchronization between the base station and the terminal device, the terminal device needs to select a suitable or optimal base station receiving beam to send an uplink signal, or an optimal base station transmitting beam receives a downlink signal in the random access process.

[0005] When the terminal device performs an initial access process, the terminal device obtains initial beam information from a downlink synchronization signal block. Therefore, the downlink synchronization signal block must be in an association relationship with a random access resource. However, no solution for associating a downlink synchronization signal block with a random access resource is provided. SUMMARY

[0006] This application provides a method and communications apparatus for solving a problem about how to associate a downlink synchronization signal block with a random access resource.

[0007] According to one aspect of this application, a method of communications is provided, including: obtaining, by a terminal device, downlink synchronization signal block index information; receiving, by the terminal device, information used to indicate an association relationship between one or more random access occasions (ROs) and a synchronization signal block; and accessing, by the terminal device, a network device based on the information in an RO corresponding to the synchronization signal block index information; wherein the association relationship between an RO and a synchronization signal block is at least one of the following: a number of synchronization signal blocks Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, page 29 / 144 3 / 87 associated with a frequency domain resource (RO) is at least 1 / F, or is P at most, where F is a quantity of frequency domain ROs, and P is related to a quantity of synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted; and / or N synchronization signal blocks or N groups of synchronization signal blocks are associated with a frequency domain RO or all frequency domain ROs; and / or the first random-access channel (RACH) resources in each X RACH resource configuration periods Y are associated with the same synchronization signal blocks when a random-access resource configuration period is P, where P and X are integers and Y is equal to P multiplied by X.The terminal device can obtain downlink synchronization signal block index information in the following way: The terminal device receives a downlink synchronization signal block, where the downlink synchronization signal block carries index information. In this respect, a time-frequency location of a random access resource associated with each downlink synchronization signal is indicated, so that the terminal device obtains, through downlink synchronization, a time-frequency location to send an uplink random access signal, to avoid a blind attempt by the terminal device and a network device beam mismatch from occurring when the network device receives a random access signal, thus improving efficiency.

[0008] In one possible implementation, when the association relation is that N blocks of synchronization signals or N groups of synchronization signal blocks are associated with a frequency domain RO or are associated with all frequency domain ROs, the method additionally includes: receiving, by the terminal device, indication information from the network device, where the indication information is used to indicate that the N blocks of synchronization signals or the N groups of synchronization signal blocks are associated with a frequency domain RO, or is used to indicate that the N blocks of synchronization signals or the N groups of synchronization signal blocks are associated with all frequency domain ROs.

[0009] In another possible implementation, when a period of Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, page 30 / 144 4 / 87 Random Access Resource Configuration is P, and the first RACH resources in each X RACH resource configuration periods are associated with the same synchronization signal blocks, X is received from the network device or is pre-stored; and / or Y is received from the network device or is pre-stored.

[0010] In yet another possible implementation, a value of Y is 10 ms, 20 ms, 40 ms, 80 ms, 160 ms, 320 ms, or 640 ms.

[0011] In yet another possible implementation, a value of X is related to a quantity of synchronization signal blocks, or a value of X is related to a quantity of random access resources in a random access resource configuration period, or a value of X is 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16.

[0012] In yet another possible implementation, when a random access resource configuration period is P, and the first random access resources in each X random access resource configuration periods are associated with the same synchronization signal blocks, if there is one or more random access resources remaining, the terminal device does not access the network device on the remaining random access resource.

[0013] In a further possible implementation, when a random access resource setup period is P, and the first random access resources in each X random access resource setup periods are associated with the same synchronization signal blocks, if there is one or more remaining random access resources, the one or more remaining random access resources are associated starting from the first synchronization signal block or the last synchronization signal block or a subsequent synchronization signal block from a final synchronization signal block in the previous X periods, or any one or more of the three previous association relationships are used in different X periods.

[0014] In a possible further implementation, where the association relation is that N blocks of synchronization signals or N groups of synchronization signal blocks are associated with a frequency domain RO or are associated with all frequency domain ROs, if a quantity N of synchronization signal blocks or groups of signal blocks Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, page 31 / 144 5 / 87 of the synchronization signals actually transmitted cannot be exactly divided by a quantity, configured by the network device, of synchronization signal blocks associated with an RO, after a quantity of synchronization signal blocks or groups of synchronization signal blocks are associated with a corresponding RO, where the quantity is an integer multiple of the quantity configured by the network device, a remaining synchronization signal block or a group of downlink synchronization signal blocks is associated with one or more other ROs. N is 1 or above.

[0015] In a possible further implementation, a quantity of random access resources in a random access resource configuration period or in a random access resource association period is related to a quantity of synchronization signal blocks or groups of synchronization signal blocks.

[0016] Correspondingly, a communications device is provided and can implement the previous communications method. For example, the communications device can be a chip (such as a baseband chip or a communications chip) or a device (such as a terminal device). The communications device can implement the above method using software or hardware, or using hardware that runs the corresponding software.

[0017] In one possible implementation, a communications device structure includes a processor and memory. The processor is configured to support the device in performing a corresponding function in the previous communications method. The memory is configured to couple with the processor, and the memory stores a program (an instruction) and / or data necessary for the device. Optionally, the communications device may additionally include a communications interface, configured to support communication between the device and another network element.

[0018] In another possible implementation, the communications device may include a receiving unit and a processing unit. The receiving unit is configured to implement a receiving function in the previous method. The processing unit is configured to implement a processing function in the method Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, page 32 / 144 6 / 87 previous. For example, the receiving unit is configured to receive a downlink signal, where the downlink signal carries downlink synchronization signal block index information. The receiving unit is additionally configured to receive information used to indicate an association relationship between a random access occasion (RO) and a synchronization signal block. The processing unit is configured to obtain the synchronization signal block index information and the association relationship between a random access occasion (RO) and a synchronization signal block from the receiving unit, and access a network device on an RO corresponding to the synchronization signal block index information.The association relationship between a random access resource (RO) and a synchronization signal block is at least one of the following: the number of synchronization signal blocks associated with an RO is at least 1 / F, or is at most P, where F is the number of ROs in the frequency domain, and P is related to the number of synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted; and / or N synchronization signal blocks or N groups of synchronization signal blocks are associated with a frequency domain RO or all frequency domain ROs; and / or the first random access resource (RACH) features in each X RACH feature setup periods Y are associated with the same synchronization signal blocks when a random access resource setup period is P, where P and X are integers and Y equals P multiplied by X.The processing unit can obtain the synchronization signal block index information as follows: The receiving unit receives a synchronization signal block, where the synchronization signal block carries index information, and the processing unit obtains the synchronization signal block index information from the receiving unit.

[0019] When the communications device is a chip, the receiving unit can be an input unit, for example, an input circuit or an input communications interface; and a sending unit can be an output unit, for example, an output circuit or an output communications interface. When the communications device is a device, the receiving unit can be a receiver; and the sending unit can be a transmitter. Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, page 33 / 144 7 / 87

[0020] According to another aspect of this application, a communication method is provided, including: sending, by a network device, downlink synchronization signal block index information to a terminal device; sending, by the network device to the terminal device, information used to indicate an association relationship between a random access resource RO and a synchronization signal block; and receiving, by the network device, a random access signal that is sent by the terminal device on an RO corresponding to the synchronization signal block index information.In this respect, a time-frequency location of a random access resource associated with each downlink synchronization signal is indicated, so that the terminal device obtains, through downlink synchronization, a time-frequency location to send an uplink random access signal, to avoid a blind attempt by the terminal device and a beam mismatch of the network device from occurring when the network device receives a random access signal, thus improving efficiency.

[0021] Correspondingly, a communications device is provided and can implement the previous communications method. For example, the communications device can be a chip (such as a baseband chip or a communications chip) or a device (such as a network device or a baseband processing board). The communications device can implement the above method using software or hardware, or using hardware that runs the corresponding software.

[0022] In one possible implementation, a communications device structure includes a processor and memory. The processor is configured to support the device in performing a corresponding function in the previous communications method. The memory is configured to couple with the processor, and the memory stores a program (an instruction) and the data necessary for the device. Optionally, the communications device may additionally include a communications interface, configured to support communication between the device and another network element.

[0023] In another possible implementation, the device of Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, page 34 / 144 8 / 87 communications may include a receiving unit and a sending unit. The receiving unit and the sending unit are configured to implement, respectively, a receiving function and a sending function in the previous method. For example, the sending unit is configured to send downlink synchronization signal block index information to a terminal device. The sending unit is additionally configured to send, to the terminal device, information used to indicate an association relationship between a random access resource RO and a synchronization signal block. The receiving unit is configured to receive a random access signal sent by the terminal device in a corresponding RO containing the synchronization signal block index information.

[0024] When the communications device is a chip, the receiving unit may be an input unit, for example, an input circuit or an input communications interface; and the sending unit may be an output unit, for example, an output circuit or an output communications interface. When the communications device is a device, the receiving unit may be a receiver (also known as a receiver); and the sending unit may be a transmitter (also known as a transmitter).

[0025] According to yet another aspect of this application, a method of communications is provided, including: receiving, by a terminal device, first information and / or second information sent by a network device, wherein the first information is used to instruct the sending of a first uplink signal on a first time-frequency resource; and / or the second information is used to instruct the sending of a second uplink signal on a second time-frequency resource; and when a third time-frequency resource on the first time-frequency resource indicated by the first information is included in the second time-frequency resource indicated by the second information, sending, by the terminal device, the first uplink signal to the network device on a time-frequency resource different from the third time-frequency resource on the first time-frequency resource;or when a fourth time-frequency feature in the second time-frequency feature indicated by the second piece of information is included in the first feature; Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, page 35 / 144 9 / 87 of time-frequency indicated by the first information, send, by the terminal device, the second uplink signal to the network device on a time-frequency resource different from the fourth time-frequency resource in the second time-frequency resource; or when a third time-frequency resource in the first time-frequency resource indicated by the first information overlaps a fourth time-frequency resource in the second time-frequency resource indicated by the second information, send, by the terminal device, the first uplink signal to the network device on the first time-frequency resource and / or send, by the terminal device, the second uplink signal to the network device on the second time-frequency resource. In this respect, the terminal device sends an uplink signal based on the time-frequency resource indication information.In this way, a time-frequency resource conflict between uplink signals can be avoided and signal reception performance is improved.

[0026] In one possible implementation, the first uplink signal is at least one of the following: a periodic signal, a semi-static signal, a semi-persistent signal, a periodic polling reference signal, a periodic demodulation reference signal, a periodic physical uplink shared channel signal, a periodic physical uplink control channel signal, and a dynamic scheduling / setup signal; and the second uplink signal is a random access signal.

[0027] In another possible implementation, the receipt, by a terminal device, of first information and / or second information sent by a network device specifically includes: receiving, by the terminal device, using at least one type of the following information, the first information and / or the second information sent by the network device, where at least one type of the following information includes: system information, radio resource control signaling, a downlink control channel and a media access control element (MAC CE).

[0028] In yet another possible implementation, the method additionally includes: receiving third-party information via the terminal device, Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, page 36 / 144 10 / 87 where the third information includes a type of uplink signal transmission pre-coding, and the type of uplink signal transmission pre-coding includes a first type and a second type; and sending, by the terminal device, an uplink signal to the network device based on the first information, the second information, and the third information.

[0029] In yet another possible implementation, the method additionally includes: when the uplink signal transmission pre-coding type is the first type, and / or the third time-frequency feature in the first time-frequency feature indicated by the first information overlaps with the fourth time-frequency feature in the second time-frequency feature indicated by the second information, send, by the terminal device, the first uplink signal to the network device in the first time-frequency feature, and / or send, by the terminal device, the second uplink signal to the network device in the second time-frequency feature;or when the uplink signal transmission pre-coding type is the second type, and the third time-frequency resource in the first time-frequency resource indicated by the first information is included in the second time-frequency resource indicated by the second information, send, by the terminal device, the first uplink signal to the network device in a time-frequency resource different from the third time-frequency resource in the first time-frequency resource;or when the uplink signal transmission pre-coding type is the second type, and the fourth time-frequency resource in the second time-frequency resource indicated by the second information is included in the first time-frequency resource indicated by the first information, send, by the terminal device, the second uplink signal to the network device in a time-frequency resource different from the fourth time-frequency resource in the second time-frequency resource.

[0030] Correspondingly, a communications apparatus is provided and can implement the previous communications method. For example, the communications apparatus can be a chip (such as a baseband chip or a communications chip) or a device (such as a terminal device). The Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, page 37 / 144 11 / 87 communications devices can implement the above method using software or hardware, or using hardware that runs the corresponding software.

[0031] In one possible implementation, a communications device structure includes a processor and memory. The processor is configured to support the device in performing a corresponding function in the previous communications method. The memory is configured to couple with the processor, and the memory stores a program (an instruction) and / or data necessary for the device. Optionally, the communications device may additionally include a communications interface, configured to support communication between the device and another network element.

[0032] In another possible implementation, the communications apparatus may include a sending unit, a receiving unit, and a processing unit. The sending unit and the receiving unit are configured to implement, respectively, a sending function and a receiving function in the previous method. The processing unit is configured to implement a processing function in the previous method. For example, the receiving unit is configured to receive the first information and / or the second information sent by a network device, where the first information is used to instruct the sending of a first uplink signal on a first time-frequency resource; and / or the second information is used to instruct the sending of a second uplink signal on a second time-frequency resource;and the sending unit is configured to: when a third time-frequency resource in the first time-frequency resource indicated by the first information is included in the second time-frequency resource indicated by the second information, send the first uplink signal to the network device on a time-frequency resource different from the third time-frequency resource in the first time-frequency resource; or additionally configured to: when a fourth time-frequency resource in the second time-frequency resource indicated by the second information is included in the first time-frequency resource indicated by the first information, send the second uplink signal to the network device on a time-frequency resource; Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, page 38 / 144 12 / 87 different from the fourth time-frequency resource in the second time-frequency resource; or additionally configured to: when a third time-frequency resource in the first time-frequency resource indicated by the first information overlaps a fourth time-frequency resource in the second time-frequency resource indicated by the second information, send the first uplink signal to the network device in the first time-frequency resource and / or send the second uplink signal to the network device in the second time-frequency resource.

[0033] When the communications device is a chip, the receiving unit may be an input unit, for example, an input circuit or an input communications interface; and the sending unit may be an output unit, for example, an output circuit or an output communications interface. When the communications device is a device, the receiving unit may be a receiver (also known as a receiver); and the sending unit may be a transmitter (also known as a transmitter).

[0034] According to yet another aspect of this application, a method of communications is provided, including: sending, by a network device, first information and / or second information to a terminal device, where the first information is used to instruct the sending of a first uplink signal on a first time-frequency resource; and / or the second information is used to instruct the sending of a second uplink signal on a second time-frequency resource; and when a third time-frequency resource on the first time-frequency resource indicated by the first information is included in the second time-frequency resource indicated by the second information, receiving, by the network device, the first uplink signal sent by the terminal device on a time-frequency resource different from the third time-frequency resource on the first time-frequency resource;or when a fourth time-frequency resource in the second time-frequency resource indicated by the second information is included in the first time-frequency resource indicated by the first information, the network device receives the second uplink signal sent by the terminal device in a time-frequency resource different from the fourth; Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, page 39 / 144 13 / 87 time-frequency resource in the second time-frequency resource; or when a third time-frequency resource in the first time-frequency resource indicated by the first information overlaps a fourth time-frequency resource in the second time-frequency resource indicated by the second information, the network device receives the first uplink signal sent by the terminal device in the first time-frequency resource, and / or receives the second uplink signal sent by the terminal device in the second time-frequency resource. In this respect, the terminal device sends an uplink signal based on the time-frequency resource indication information. In this way, a time-frequency resource conflict between the uplink signals can be avoided, and the signal reception performance of the network device is improved.

[0035] In one possible implementation, the method additionally includes: sending, via the network device, third-party information to the terminal device, where the third-party information includes a type of uplink signal transmission pre-coding, and the type of uplink signal transmission pre-coding includes a first type and a second type; and receiving, via the network device, an uplink signal that is sent by the terminal device based on the first information, the second information, and the third information.

[0036] In another possible implementation, the method additionally includes: when the uplink signal transmission precoding type is the first type, and / or the third time-frequency feature in the first time-frequency feature indicated by the first information overlaps the fourth time-frequency feature in the second time-frequency feature indicated by the second information, the network device receives the first uplink signal sent by the terminal device in the first time-frequency feature, and / or the network device receives the second uplink signal sent by the terminal device in the second time-frequency feature; or when the uplink signal transmission precoding type is the second type, and the third time-frequency feature in the first time-frequency feature indicated by the first information is included in the second time-frequency feature. Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, page 40 / 144 14 / 87 frequency indicated by the second piece of information, receive, by the network device, the first uplink signal that is sent by the terminal device in a time-frequency resource different from the third time-frequency resource in the first time-frequency resource; or when the uplink signal transmission pre-coding type is the second type, and the fourth time-frequency resource in the second time-frequency resource indicated by the second piece of information is included in the first time-frequency resource indicated by the first piece of information, receive, by the network device, the second uplink signal that is sent by the terminal device in a time-frequency resource different from the fourth time-frequency resource in the second time-frequency resource.

[0037] Correspondingly, a communications device is provided and can implement the previous communications method. For example, the communications device can be a chip (such as a baseband chip or a communications chip) or a device (such as a network device or a baseband processing board). The communications device can implement the above method using software or hardware, or using hardware that runs the corresponding software.

[0038] In one possible implementation, a communications device structure includes a processor and memory. The processor is configured to support the device in performing a corresponding function in the previous communications method. The memory is configured to couple with the processor, and the memory stores a program (an instruction) and the data required for the device. Optionally, the communications device may additionally include a communications interface, configured to support communication between the device and another network element.

[0039] In another possible implementation, the communications apparatus may include a receiving unit and a sending unit. The receiving unit and the sending unit are configured to implement, respectively, a receiving function and a sending function in the previous method. For example, the sending unit is configured to send the first information and / or the second information to a terminal device, where the first information is used to instruct the sending of a first signal. Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, page 41 / 144 15 / 87 uplink signal on a first time-frequency resource; and / or the second information is used to instruct the sending of a second uplink signal on a second time-frequency resource; and when a third time-frequency resource on the first time-frequency resource indicated by the first information is included in the second time-frequency resource indicated by the second information, the receiving unit is configured to receive the first uplink signal sent by the terminal device on a time-frequency resource different from the third time-frequency resource on the first time-frequency resource;or when a fourth time-frequency resource in the second time-frequency resource indicated by the second information is included in the first time-frequency resource indicated by the first information, the receiving unit is additionally configured to receive the second uplink signal that is sent by the terminal device in a time-frequency resource different from the fourth time-frequency resource in the second time-frequency resource;or when a third time-frequency resource in the first time-frequency resource indicated by the first information overlaps a fourth time-frequency resource in the second time-frequency resource indicated by the second information, the receiving unit is additionally configured to receive the first uplink signal that is sent by the terminal device in the first time-frequency resource and / or the receiving unit is additionally configured to receive the second uplink signal that is sent by the terminal device in the second time-frequency resource.

[0040] When the communications device is a chip, the receiving unit may be an input unit, for example, an input circuit or an input communications interface; and the sending unit may be an output unit, for example, an output circuit or an output communications interface. When the communications device is a device, the receiving unit may be a receiver (also known as a receiver); and the sending unit may be a transmitter (also known as a transmitter).

[0041] In accordance with yet another aspect of this application, a computer-readable storage medium is provided. The media of Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, page 42 / 144 16 / 87 Computer-readable storage stores an instruction and, when the instruction is executed on a computer, the computer is enabled to perform the method according to the previous aspects.

[0042] According to a further aspect of this application, a computer program product is provided, including an instruction, and when the computer program product is run on a computer, the computer is enabled to perform the method according to the preceding aspects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] To describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or in the grounds more clearly, the following briefly describes the accompanying drawings necessary to describe the embodiments of this application or in the grounds.

[0044] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a communications system to which this request applies;

[0045] Figure 2a is a schematic diagram of sending downlink signals;

[0046] Figure 2b is a schematic diagram of receiving the random access signal performed through time division;

[0047] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an interaction process of a communication method according to a modality of this request;

[0048] Figures 4a to 4e are schematic diagrams of the association between a random access event and a synchronization signal block or a group of synchronization signal blocks in an example of this application;

[0049] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of an interaction process of another communication method according to a modality of this request;

[0050] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of an indication of a block of synchronization signals actually transmitted or a group of blocks of synchronization signals;

[0051] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a communications apparatus according to an embodiment of this application; Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 43 / 144 17 / 87

[0052] Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication device according to one embodiment of this request;

[0053] Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of yet another communication device according to an embodiment of this request;

[0054] Figure 10 is a schematic structural diagram of yet another communication device according to an embodiment of this request;

[0055] Figure 11 is a schematic structural diagram of the hardware of a communication device according to one embodiment of this request; and

[0056] Figure 12 is a schematic structural hardware diagram of another communication device according to one embodiment of this request. DESCRIPTION OF THE MODALITIES

[0057] The following describes embodiments of this application with reference to the drawings attached to the embodiments of this application.

[0058] As shown in a schematic diagram of a communications system in Figure 1, a solution in this application is applicable to the communications system. The communications system may include at least one network device (only one network device is shown, for example, a gNB in ​​the figure) and one or more terminal devices connected to the network device (four UEs are shown in the figure: UE1 to UE4).

[0059] The network device can be a device that can communicate with the terminal device. The network device can be any device with a wireless send and receive function. The network device includes, but is not limited to, a base station (e.g., a NodeB, an evolved NodeB, a base station in a fifth-generation (5G) communications system, a base station or network device in a future communications system, or an access node, a wireless relay node, or a wireless backhaul node in a Wi-Fi system). Alternatively, the network device can be a radio controller in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario. Alternatively, the network device can be a network device in a 5G network or a network device in a future evolved network; or it can be a wearable device, an in-vehicle device, or similar. Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 44 / 144 18 / 87 Alternatively, the network device could be a small cell, a transmit node (transmit reception point, TRP), or similar. Certainly, this application is not limited to these.

[0060] A terminal device is a device with a wireless transmit and receive function. The terminal device can be deployed on land and includes an indoor or outdoor device, a handheld device, a wearable device, or a vehicle-mounted device; it can be deployed on a water surface (e.g., a ship) or it can be deployed in the air (e.g., an airplane, a balloon, or a satellite).The terminal device may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a computer having a wireless transmit and receive function, a virtual reality (VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (AR) terminal device, a wireless terminal related to industrial control, a wireless terminal related to self-driving, a wireless terminal related to remote medicine, a wireless terminal related to a smart grid, a wireless terminal related to transportation safety, a wireless terminal related to a smart city, a wireless terminal related to a smart home, or similar. The application scenario is not limited to the embodiments of this application.Sometimes, the terminal device may alternatively be referred to as user equipment (UE), an access terminal device, a UE unit, a UE station, a mobile station, a mobile console, a remote station, a remote terminal device, a mobile device, a UE terminal device, a terminal device, a terminal (terminal), a wireless communications device, a UE agent, a UE appliance, or the like.

[0061] It should be noted that the terms system and network can be used interchangeably in the embodiments of this application. The term a plurality of means two or more than two. In view of this, the term a plurality of can also be understood as at least two in the embodiments of this application. The term and / or describes an association relationship to describe associated objects and represents which three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent the following three cases: Only A exists, A and B exist, and only B exists. Additionally, the character / Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 45 / 144 19 / 87 generally represents a relationship between the associated objects, unless otherwise specified.

[0062] As shown in Figure 1, a base station implements cell coverage using a plurality of beams. The base station needs a suitable beam direction to communicate with a terminal device, for example, to receive a random access preamble signal or send a random access response. In a downlink synchronization process, the terminal device can obtain a base station transmit beam and a terminal receive beam to send a downlink signal. In an uplink random access signal send and receive process, the base station can obtain a signal sent on an uplink and a base station receive beam. There is an association relationship between a downlink signal and a random access resource / preamble to improve efficiency.

[0063] The embodiments of this application provide a method and apparatus for communications. A time-frequency location of a random access resource associated with each downlink synchronization signal is indicated, such that a terminal device obtains, by means of downlink synchronization, a time-frequency location to send an uplink random access signal, to avoid a blind attempt by the terminal device and a beam mismatch of a network device from occurring when the network device receives a random access signal, thereby improving efficiency.

[0064] Figure 2a is a schematic diagram of sending downlink signals. Downlink signals are sent in a time-division manner. To be specific, different downlink signals are sent at different times. For example, a downlink signal is a downlink synchronization signal block (SS / PBCH block), and the synchronization signal block is identified using a synchronization signal block index SS / PBCH block index. The downlink signal can be one or more synchronization signal blocks.

[0065] Figure 2b is a schematic diagram of receiving the Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 46 / 144 20 / 87 random access signal is achieved through time division. To be specific, random access signals (associated with different downlink signals) are received at different times. Random access signals in a plurality of directions can be received separately at the same time, based on the implementation capabilities of a network device (e.g., the network device first uses antenna elements in an antenna array to receive signals in multiple directions, and uses digital domain beamforming to generate a plurality of receiving beams and obtain signals in the directions of the receiving beams).

[0066] In this application, for ease of description, a random access resource or a random access resource preamble is referred to as a random access resource / preamble for short. In other words, the random access resource includes time and frequency resources used for random access and a set / subset of random access preambles on random access time and frequency resources. A random access occasion (RACH occasion / RACH transmission occasion / RACH opportunity / RACH chance / PRACH occasion, RO for short) is time and frequency resources for sending a random access preamble. A random access resource may be an RO, or a set of random access preambles on an RO, or a combination of a random access preamble and a timing. A terminal device may send a random access preamble signal on this resource.

[0067] Fixed in this request means stipulated by a protocol or agreed between a network device and a terminal device.

[0068] An index in this request starts at 0, or it may start at 1 in a real-world situation. When the index starts from 1, an index starting from 0 is automatically incremented by 1.

[0069] The RO resource in this request represents a time resource and a time-frequency resource of a random access timing.

[0070] A synchronization signal block (SS / PBCH block) in this application is referred to as an SSB for short, and a group of synchronization signal blocks (SS / PBCH block group) is referred to as an SSB group for short. An SSB group includes one or more SSBs. Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 47 / 144 21 / 87

[0071] For ease of description, descriptions of a random access occasion (RO), a synchronization signal block (SS / PBCH block or SSB) and a synchronization signal block group (SS / PBCH block group, or SSB group) should indicate one or more, rather than a limitation to just one, unless a number of random access occasions, a number of synchronization signal blocks or a number of synchronization signal block groups is explicitly emphasized.

[0072] This application provides four methods for assigning a serial number to a synchronization signal block (SS / PBCH block, SSB). Sometimes the serial number may be called an index, used to identify the SSB.

[0073] In an initial numbering method, all actually transmitted SSBs are numbered, without differentiation between groups of actually transmitted synchronization signal blocks (SS / PBCH block group, SSB group for short). For example, 49 SSBs are actually transmitted and the 49 SSBs are numbered from 0 to 48.

[0074] In a second numbering method, an actually transmitted SSB group and an SSB within the actually transmitted SSB group are numbered separately for expression. For example, 8 SSB groups are actually transmitted and the 8 SSB groups are numbered from 0 to 7. The SSBs in each SSB group also have serial numbers. For example, an SSB group has 8 SSBs, and the 8 SSBs are numbered from 0 to 7.

[0075] In a third numbering method, all possibly transmitted SSBs are numbered, without differentiation between groups of possibly transmitted SSBs. For example, if 64 SSBs are possibly transmitted, the SSBs will be numbered from 0 to 63.

[0076] In a fourth numbering method, a group of possibly transmitted SSBs and an SSB within the group of possibly transmitted SSBs are numbered separately for expression. For example, there are 9 groups of SSBs and the 9 groups of SSBs are numbered from 0 to 8. The SSBs in each group of possibly transmitted SSBs also have serial numbers. For example, an SSB group has 9 SSBs, and the 9 SSBs are numbered from 0 to 8.

[0077] The previous synchronization signal block can be a synchronization signal block in a half-frame to transmit a signal block Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 48 / 144 22 / 87 synchronization. It should be noted that the synchronization signal block or group of synchronization signal blocks mentioned in this application may be a possibly transmitted synchronization signal block or group of synchronization signal blocks, or it may be a synchronization signal block or group of synchronization signal blocks that have actually been transmitted. There may be one or more possibly transmitted synchronization signal blocks or groups of synchronization signal blocks. There may be one or more actually transmitted synchronization signal blocks or groups of synchronization signal blocks.

[0078] The configuration information for a network device or base station mentioned in this application may be realized using at least one of a MIB, remaining minimum system information (RMSI), system information block (SIB) 1, SIB2, downlink control information (DCI), radio resource control signaling (RRC), and a media access control-control element (MAC-CE).

[0079] A group, a set, and a category mentioned in this application are different expressions of the same concept.

[0080] A group of random access preambles mentioned in this application may be a direct subset of random access preambles or may mean the following: P sequences of random access preambles are mapped to different blocks of synchronization signals or mapped to different groups of blocks of synchronization signals, and a number of groups or a number of subsets is related to a number of blocks of synchronization signals or related to a number of groups of blocks of synchronization signals.

[0081] Mod indicates the calculation of a remainder, floor indicates rounding down to the nearest integer, and ceil indicates rounding up to the nearest integer.

[0082] The meanings of mapping and association are the same.

[0083] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an interaction process for a communication method according to a modality of this request. The method may include the following steps: Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 49 / 144 23 / 87

[0084] S301: A network device sends synchronization signal block index information to a terminal device. The terminal device obtains the synchronization signal block index information. For example, the network device sends a synchronization signal block to the terminal device, where the synchronization signal block index information is implicitly carried in the synchronization signal block.

[0085] S302: The network device sends information to the terminal device used to indicate an association relationship between a random access resource RO and a synchronization signal block. The terminal device receives the indication information.

[0086] S303: The terminal device accesses the network device based on the information in a RO corresponding to the synchronization signal block index information. The network device receives a random access signal sent by the terminal device.

[0087] The network device sends a downlink signal (e.g., the synchronization signal block) to the terminal device to perform downlink synchronization. Synchronization signal block index information is carried when the downlink signal is sent. Synchronization signal block index information is used to identify the synchronization signal block and, for example, is a serial number of the synchronization signal block, an index of the synchronization signal block, or other information available to identify the synchronization signal block. A synchronization signal block includes a primary synchronization signal (PSS) symbol, a secondary synchronization signal (SSS) symbol, and two physical broadcast channel (PBCH) symbols.

[0088] Additionally, the network device also sends to the terminal device the information used to indicate an association relationship between a random access resource RO and a synchronization signal block.

[0089] It should be noted that the synchronization signal block index information and the information indicating an association relationship Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, page 50 / 144 24 / 87 can be sent by the network device simultaneously as part of a configuration information package, or they can be sent separately by the network device. The two steps described here do not necessarily mean that they are sent separately.

[0090] The association relationship between an RO and a synchronization signal block is at least one of the following: The number of synchronization signal blocks associated with a frequency domain is at least 1 / F, or at most P, where F is the number of frequency domain synchronization signals, and P is related to the number of downlink synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted; and / or N synchronization signal blocks or N groups of synchronization signal blocks are associated with a frequency-domain RO or all frequency-domain ROs; and / or the first RACH features in each X RACH feature setup periods Y are associated with the same synchronization signal blocks or groups of synchronization signal blocks when a random access feature setup period is P, where P and X are integers and Y equals P multiplied by X.

[0091] The association relationship between an RO and a synchronization signal block is described in detail below.

[0092] The terminal device accesses the network device based on the association relationship between a RO and a synchronization signal block in the RO corresponding to the synchronization signal block index information. For example, the terminal device sends a random access signal to the network device, and the network device receives the random access signal sent by the terminal device.

[0093] The network device knows the status of a random access receive beam corresponding to a downlink / transmit beam signal coverage area, and assigns a random access resource time-frequency location to each downlink signal, so that the terminal device obtains, through downlink synchronization, a time-frequency location to send an uplink random access signal, to avoid a blind attempt by the terminal device and a beam mismatch. Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, page 51 / 144 25 / 87 network devices may occur when the network device receives a random access signal, thus improving efficiency.

[0094] Specifically, the association relationship between an RO and a synchronization signal block is described below:

[0095] An association relation is that the number of synchronization signal blocks associated with an RO is at least 1 / F, or is at most P, where F is the number of ROs in the frequency domain, and P is related to the number of synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted.

[0096] In this association relationship, the number of ROs in the frequency domain and a number of synchronization signal blocks or groups of synchronization signal blocks associated with an RO are configured together.

[0097] In a specific implementation, the quantity N of synchronization signal blocks associated with an RO may be related to F. For example, the quantity N may be a multiple of 1 / F; or the quantity N may be 1 / F, in other words, a synchronization signal block may be associated with all ROs; or the quantity N may be a fractional multiple of F. F is the quantity of ROs in the frequency domain and a value of F may be 1, 2, 4, 6 or 8. The network device may define or configure a minimum quantity of synchronization signal blocks associated with an RO as 1 / F. A value of N may also be defined based on F. For example, when F = 1, the value of N may be 1, 2, 3, 4, ..., Y1, where Y1 is a maximum quantity of SS / PBCH blocks associated with an RO; when F = 2, the value of N may be 1 / 2, 1, 2, 3, 4, ..., Y1; When F = 4, the value of N can be 1 / 4, 1 / 2, 1, 2, 3, 4, ..., Y1; when F = 6, the value of N can be 1 / 6, 1 / 3, 1 / 2, 1, 2, 3, 4, ..., Y1; when = 8, the value of N can be 1 / 8, 1 / 4, 1 / 2, 1, 2, 3, 4, ..., Y1.

[0098] The value of N may also be related to the number of synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted in a half-frame, for example, a factor of the number of synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted.

[0099] Another association relation is that N synchronization signal blocks or N groups of synchronization signal blocks are associated Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, page 52 / 144 26 / 87 to a frequency domain RO or to all frequency domain ROs.

[0100] In a specific implementation, the N synchronization signal blocks or groups of synchronization signal blocks can be associated with all F ROs. F can be a value greater than or equal to 1. A value of N can be some or all of the values ​​from 1 to 8. When the value of N is some of the values, the value of N can be 1, it can be 1 or 2, it can be 1, 2 or 3, or it can be 1, 2, 3 or 4. The N synchronization signal blocks or groups of synchronization signal blocks can be associated with a frequency-division multiplexed RO, or they can be associated with some frequency-division multiplexed ROs. The network device can instruct to associate the N downlink synchronization signal blocks or groups of synchronization signal blocks with all F ROs or with a frequency-domain RO. F ROs can be frequency-division multiplexed ROs of the same time.

[0101] When a quantity N2 of synchronization signal blocks or groups of synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted is less than a quantity N, configured by the network device, of synchronization signal blocks or groups of synchronization signal blocks associated with a RO, all N downlink synchronization signal blocks or groups of synchronization signal blocks can be associated with a corresponding RO. For example, if the quantity of synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted is 5 and the quantity, configured by the network device, of synchronization signal blocks associated with an RO is 8, all 5 synchronization signal blocks will be associated with the RO.

[0102] When a quantity N of synchronization signal blocks or groups of synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted cannot be exactly divided by a quantity M, configured by the network device, of synchronization signal blocks or groups of synchronization signal blocks associated with a RO, after a quantity of synchronization signal blocks or groups of synchronization signal blocks are associated with a corresponding RO, where the quantity is an integer multiple of the quantity M configured by Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, page 53 / 144 27 / 87 network device, a remaining synchronization signal block or a group of synchronization signal blocks is associated with one or more other ROs. For example, assume that K1 = floor(N / M) and the first K1 x M of N synchronization signal blocks are associated with the corresponding K1 ROs; in this case, the remaining N-K1 x M synchronization signal blocks or groups of synchronization signal blocks are associated with one or more other ROs, as shown in Figure 4a. Alternatively, the last K1 x M of N synchronization signal blocks are associated with the corresponding K1 ROs; in this case, the remaining N - K1 x M synchronization signal blocks or groups of synchronization signal blocks are associated with one or more other ROs.Alternatively, a remaining synchronization signal block may not be associated, or synchronization signal blocks or groups of synchronization signal blocks may be cyclically associated with ROs, as shown in Figure 4b. When F ROs are associated with a synchronization signal block, the F ROs may be F ROs in an RO setup period or F ROs in an RO association period. Alternatively, an averaging method may be used.For example, a network device-configured quantity of synchronization signal blocks or groups of synchronization signal blocks associated with an RO is N2, a quantity of synchronization signal blocks or groups of synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted is M2, and a quantity of ROs that can be associated is K1; in this case, a quantity M3 of synchronization signal blocks or groups of synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted associated with an RO can be M2 / K1, where a value of M3 can be an average value less than N2. For example, a maximum quantity of synchronization signal blocks or groups of synchronization signal blocks associated with an RO is 8, a quantity of downlink synchronization signal blocks or groups of synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted is 12, and 2 or 3 ROs can be associated.When 2 ROs are associated, the number of synchronization signal blocks or groups of synchronization signal blocks associated with each RO is 6.

[0103] Additionally, when the association relation is that N blocks of synchronization signals or N groups of blocks of synchronization signals are associated with a frequency domain RO or are Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, page 54 / 144 28 / 87 associated with all frequency domain ROs, the method additionally includes: To receive, via the terminal device, indication information from the network device, where the indication information is used to indicate that the N blocks of synchronization signals or the N groups of synchronization signal blocks are associated with a frequency domain operating network (RO), or is used to indicate that the N blocks of synchronization signals or the N groups of synchronization signal blocks are associated with all frequency domain operating networks (ROs).

[0104] Yet another association relation is that the first RACH resources in each X RACH resource setup periods Y are associated with the same synchronization signal blocks or groups of synchronization signal blocks when a random access resource setup period is P, where P and X are integers and Y is equal to P multiplied by X.

[0105] This method for associating a RACH resource with a synchronization signal block or group of synchronization signal blocks is a cyclic association method. A parameter X is defined, and the first RACH resources in the X RACH resource configuration periods are associated with the same synchronization signal blocks. In other words, an association relationship in each X RACH resource configuration periods is recalculated. The X RACH resource configuration period can be referred to as a random access period. X can be fixed in a protocol, for example, it can be any value in 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16, for example, it can be 1, 8 or 16. X can be received from the network device or it can be pre-stored.The number of random access resources in a random access resource configuration period or in a random access resource association period is related to the number of downlink synchronization signal blocks or groups of downlink synchronization signal blocks. A value of X can be configured, and it can be some or all of the values ​​in 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16.

[0106] The random access resource association period can be understood as an amount of time or a time span occupied. Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, page 55 / 144 29 / 87 by a random access resource associated with a block of synchronization signals or a quantity of ROs associated with a block of downlink synchronization signals sent. The first RO is associated with the first block of synchronization signals sent in each of the different association periods. Alternatively, the first random access resource is associated with the first block of synchronization signals sent in each of the different time periods for association.

[0107] The random access resource setup period is also called the random access setup period, and is a time interval in which a random access resource occurs repeatedly, or includes at least one time interval in which random access resources in a full random access resource membership period occur repeatedly.

[0108] The X RACH resource configuration periods can also be fixed at Y ms. A value of Y can be 10, 20, 40, 80, 160, 320, or 640. It should be noted that the network device can pre-configure a plurality of Y values. In a real application, the network device can select one of the Y values, or it can dynamically configure a Y value at a time. The value of X is determined based on the RACH resource configuration period. For example, Y = 160, and the RACH resource configuration period is 40 ms; in this case, X = 4. Y can be received from the network device or it can be pre-stored.

[0109] Alternatively, the value of X or Y can be determined based on the number of synchronization signal blocks or groups of synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted and / or the number of synchronization signal blocks or groups of synchronization signal blocks associated with an RO, and / or determined based on the number of random access resources in a RACH resource configuration period. For example, the number of ROs in an RO period is 2, the number of downlink synchronization signal blocks or groups of synchronization signal blocks associated with an RO is 3, and the number of synchronization signal blocks or groups of synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted is 8; in this case, a required value of X is 4. Additionally, X can also be a fixed value, for example, the value Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, page 56 / 144 30 / 87 of X is 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16. Therefore, the number of remaining ROs in the system can be reduced. The value of X can be an integer multiple or a fractional multiple of the number of synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted.

[0110] The amount of RACH resources in the RACH resource setup period may be related to the number of synchronization signal blocks or groups of synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted in a half-frame. For example, if X is 1, an association period is 1. In this case, the amount of RACH resources in the RACH resource setup period may be the same as, or may be, an integer multiple or a fractional multiple of, the number of downlink synchronization signal blocks or groups of synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted.When a RO is associated with a plurality of synchronization signal blocks or groups of synchronization signal blocks, the amount of RACH resources in the RACH resource setup period may be a fractional multiple of the number of downlink synchronization signal blocks or groups of synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted. When a plurality of ROs are associated with a downlink synchronization signal block or group of synchronization signal blocks, the amount of RACH resources in the RACH resource setup period may be an integer multiple of the number of downlink synchronization signal blocks or groups of synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted.When the association is performed one by one, the amount of RACH resources in the RACH resource setup period can be the same as the amount of downlink synchronization signal blocks or synchronization signal block groups actually transmitted.

[0111] X or Y can alternatively be configured. For example, X can be some or all of the selected values ​​from 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16; for example, it can be a value from 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16. The value of Y can also be some or all of the selected values ​​from 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16; for example, it can be a value from 4, 8, and 16. The value of X or Y can be configured in the information. Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, page 57 / 144 31 / 87 system (such as SIB1 or SIB2 or RMSI) or it can be configured in a MACCE, DCI, MIB or RRC.

[0112] It is assumed that N is the number of synchronization signal blocks or groups of synchronization signal blocks associated with an RO, and Q is the number of synchronization signal blocks or groups of synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted or possibly transmitted. In this case, an index j of a synchronization signal block or group of synchronization signal blocks associated with an i-th RO is (ixN) Q mod Q for (ixN) mod Q + N-1. If j is greater than or equal to Q, j = j mod Q. For example, N is 3 and Q is 8; in this case, synchronization signal block or group of synchronization signal blocks associated with an RO with j = 5 are 7, 8, and 9, and mod 8 can be 0 and mod 9 can be 1. When N = 1, j = i mod Q, as shown in 4c.

[0113] If the number of ROs associated with some synchronization signal blocks or groups of synchronization signal blocks is inconsistent because there is a remaining RO resource in a random access period, the last two ROs shown in Figure 4c are remaining ROs or redundant ROs.

[0114] In one implementation, a remaining RACH resource is considered an invalid RACH resource and may not be associated with any synchronization signal block or synchronization signal block group. In other words, the terminal device may not send any random access preamble on the random access resource. A remaining RO is explained as follows: For example, a random access resource configuration period has 4 ROs, 3 periods are configured concurrently, and there are 12 ROs in total. One RO is associated with a synchronization signal block, and 5 synchronization signal blocks are associated. In this case, there are two remaining ROs, and each RO is associated with a synchronization signal block. The 12 ROs are sorted, and the RO indices are from 0 to 11. ROs with indices 0 and 5 are associated with an SSB with an index of 0. ROs with indices of 1 and 6 are associated with an SSB with an index of 1.ROs with indices 3 and 8 are associated with an SSB with index 3. ROs with indices 4 and 9 are associated with an SSB with index 4. ROs with indices 10 and 11 are remaining or redundant ROs. Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, page 58 / 144 32 / 87

[0115] In another implementation, a remaining RO or a redundant RO has a different association relationship in each X RACH resource configuration periods or random access periods. The association relationship may be that one or more remaining random access resources are associated from the first synchronization signal block or group of synchronization signal blocks, as shown in Figure 4d. Alternatively, one or more remaining random access resources are associated from the last synchronization signal block or group of synchronization signal blocks, or are associated with a subsequent synchronization signal block from a final synchronization signal block in the previous X periods, or are associated with a subsequent group of synchronization signal blocks from a final synchronization signal block group in the previous X periods, as shown in Figure 4e.For example, there are L remaining ROs in each random access period, the number of synchronization signal blocks or groups of synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted is Q, and M is the number of synchronization signal blocks or groups of synchronization signal blocks associated with an RO; in this case, an index j of a synchronization signal block or group of synchronization signal blocks associated with an i-th remaining RO in a random access period with an index m is ((m x L + i) x M) mod Q for ((m x L + i) x M) mod Q + M - 1.Repeated association can be performed sequentially in different random access periods based on the previous relationship, for example, starting from the first synchronization signal block or group of synchronization signal blocks in an odd-numbered period, starting from the last synchronization signal block or group of synchronization signal blocks in an even-numbered period or an odd-numbered period, or starting from the first synchronization signal block or group of synchronization signal blocks in an even-numbered period. Any one or more of the three previous association relationships can be used in different X periods.

[0116] Alternatively, the following can be configured implicitly or explicitly, including configured by the network device: a number of frequency domain ROs and / or a number of synchronization signal blocks associated with an RO and / or “N signal blocks of Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, page 59 / 144 33 / 87 synchronization or N groups of synchronization signal blocks are associated with only one RO in the frequency domain or with all ROs in the frequency domain. The sequence includes: ROs in a RACH feature configuration period are associated with different synchronization signal blocks or groups of synchronization signal blocks or with the same synchronization signal block or group of synchronization signal blocks according to a sequence of frequency domain first and time domain then or time domain first and frequency domain then.

[0117] The synchronization signal block or group of synchronization signal blocks mentioned in this application may be a synchronization signal block or group of synchronization signal blocks in a half-frame, and this is universal for all transport synchronization signal blocks. Alternatively, the synchronization signal block or group of synchronization signal blocks mentioned in this application may be a synchronization signal block or group of synchronization signal blocks in an SS / PBCH burst set.

[0118] Additionally, the network device configures a number of synchronization signal blocks or groups of synchronization signal blocks associated with an RO as N, a number of synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted as Q1, a number of synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted in a group of synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted as Q2, and a number of groups of synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted as Q3, where Q1, Q2, and Q3 can be multiples of N. The terminal device can determine a value of N based on a factor of any one or more values ​​of Q1, Q2, and Q3. For example, if Q1 = 6, a range of values ​​for N can only be 1, 2, 3, and 6. P is a factor of Q1, that is, Q1 is a multiple of N.The network device can set the value of N to some factor values ​​of any one or more values ​​of Q1, Q2, and Q3, for example, the first H values, where H can be any value of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8. The first H values ​​can be the first H smallest values ​​in ascending order, or they can be the first H largest values ​​in descending order. For example, if Q1 = 24 and H = 4, only four factors 1, 2, 3, and 4 are selected. For example, the network device configures the number of synchronization signal blocks. Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 60 / 144 34 / 87 or groups of synchronization signal blocks associated with an RO as N, and the value of N can be 3 or 4. When the number of synchronization signal blocks or groups of synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted is 6, N is 3; when the number of synchronization signal blocks or groups of synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted is 8, N is 4.

[0119] When the number of synchronization signal blocks associated with an RO is N, and the number of contention-based or non-contentation-based random access preambles or all random access preambles in an RO is N1, the number N2 of random access preambles associated with an SSB is no more than floor(N1 / N) or N1 / N. A value of N1 can be any one or more of the values ​​4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, 40, 44, 48, 52, 56, 60, 64, 128, and 256. The terminal device does not want the number of random access preambles configured by the network device to be greater than floor(N1 / N) or N1 / N. Alternatively, when the number of random access preambles that are configured by the network device and received by the terminal device is greater than floor(N1 / N) or N1 / N, a preamble is selected from no more than floor(N1 / N) or N1 / N preambles.One benefit is that different random access preambles can be associated with different synchronization signal blocks, and the random access preambles associated with different synchronization signal blocks do not overlap each other. In this way, the network device can differentiate between terminal devices with spatial domain parameters (beams) corresponding to different SS / PBCH blocks. The value of N can be some or all of the values ​​1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 16, and 18. The network device can configure a number of random access preambles associated with an SSB with a granularity of 4, 2, or 1. The granularity can be determined based on the number of synchronization signal blocks associated with an RO.For example, when the number of synchronization signal blocks associated with an RO is 1, the granularity is 4, or when the number of synchronization signal blocks associated with an RO is greater than 1, the granularity is 2 or 1.

[0120] The association relationship between an OR and a quantity of Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 61 / 144 35 / 87 synchronization signal blocks is determined above. After the association relationship between an RO and a quantity of synchronization signal blocks or groups of synchronization signal blocks is determined, the indices of the RO and the synchronization signal block need to be associated. One specific way of association is as follows:

[0121] The association relationship between a random access timing (RO) and a synchronization signal block can be configured in a one-to-many, many-to-one, one-to-one, or many-to-many manner. When the association relationship between a random access timing and a synchronization signal block is configured in a many-to-one manner, to be specific, when N random access timings / preambles are associated with a synchronization signal block, the N random access timings can be frequency division multiplexed, to be specific, arranged in the same time but with different frequencies; or they can satisfy time division multiplexing, to be specific, located in different time resources; or they can be time division multiplexed (TDM) and frequency division multiplexed (FDM).A value of N can be 1, 2, 4, and 6, or 1, 2, 4, and 8, or it can be at least one or four of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16. The number of synchronization signal blocks associated with a random access timing can be 1, 2, or 4. Alternatively, one or two groups of synchronization signal blocks can be associated with a random access timing. Alternatively, all frequency-division multiplexed ROs can be associated with a synchronization signal block.

[0122] A quantity M of synchronization signal blocks associated with N (N > 1) ROs can be at least one of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8, for example, it can be 1, 2 or 4. Alternatively, a quantity M of synchronization signal block groups associated with N (N > 1) ROs can be at least one of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8, for example, it can be 1 or 2.

[0123] When an association relationship of associating N ROs with M blocks of synchronization signals can be configured in a one-to-one manner, for example, an nth RO can be configured to associate with an mth block of synchronization signals, m can be equal to n, a value of m can be from 0 to M - 1, and a value of n can be from 0 to N - 1. Alternatively, Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, p. 62 / 144 36 / 87 A one-to-many, many-to-many, or one-to-one configuration can be implemented. There can be five methods for a one-to-many configuration.

[0124] In a first method of configuration for associating M synchronization signal blocks with N ROs, the M synchronization signal blocks are associated with each of the N ROs. For example, if M = 2 and N = 2, a synchronization signal block with an index in {m, m + 1} is associated with an RO with an index n, and a downlink synchronization signal block with an index in {m, m + 1} is associated with an RO with an index n + 1, where m and m are, respectively, multiples of M and N, and m can be equal to n. For example, if M = 2 and N = 2, a synchronization signal block with an index in {m, ..., m + M - 1} is associated with each RO with an index in {n, ..., n + N - 1}, where m and m are, respectively, multiples of M and N, and m can be equal to n. For example, a block of synchronization signals with an index i can be associated with a RO with an index j, where floor(i / M) = floor(j / N), i can be equal to am, and j can be equal to n.

[0125] In a second configuration method, M blocks of synchronization signals are associated with corresponding ROs in N ROs, and each RO is associated with a different block of synchronization signals. For example, a block of synchronization signals with an index i is associated with an RO with an index j, where n = j mod N; m = i mod M; m = nx M, or (i mod M) = (j mod N) x M; M may be in a relation with N, for example, a multiple relation, and M may be a multiple of N obtained by multiplying N by 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10. For example, a block of synchronization signals with an index in {m, ..., m + M - 1} is associated with an RO with an index n, where m = nx M or i = j x M.

[0126] In a third setup method for associating M blocks of synchronization signals with N ROs, an RO with an index in {n, ..., n + N - 1} is associated with each of the M blocks of synchronization signals, as shown in Figure 4b. For example, an RO with an index in {n, ..., n + N - 1} is associated with a block of synchronization signals with an index i, where i is any value in {m, ..., m + M - 1}. For example, a block of synchronization signals with an index i is associated with an RO with an index j, where floor(i / M) = floor(j / N). For example, if M = 2 and N = 2, an RO with an index in {n, n + 1} is associated with a block of synchronization signals with an index m, Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 63 / 144 37 / 87 and a RO with an index in {n, n + 1} is associated with a block of synchronization signals with an index m, where m and m are, respectively, multiples of M and N, and m can be equal to n. For example, a block of synchronization signals with an index i is associated with a RO with an index j, where floor(i / M) = floor(j / N).

[0127] In a fourth configuration method, N ROs are associated with corresponding synchronization signal blocks, and each synchronization signal block is associated with a different RO. An RO with an index in {n, n + 1}, {n, n + 1, n + 2}, {n, n + 1, n + 2, n + 3} or {n, n + 1, n + 2, n + 3, n + 4, n + 5} is associated with a synchronization signal block with an index m, where in this case, m is an even number, n = mx 2, n = mx 4, n = mx 3 or n = mx 6. For example, an RO with an index in {n, ..., n + N - 1} is associated with a synchronization signal block with an index m, where n = mx N. For example, a synchronization signal block with an index i is associated with an RO with an index j, where j = ix N.

[0128] In a fifth configuration method, the M synchronization signal blocks are associated with N ROs by means of repeated association or punching (punched has the same meaning as released, deleted, unused, not transmitted, not associated and does not match or the terminal device does not send a random access preamble on the punched RO): an index relationship of an index n of an RO associated with a synchronization signal block with an index m is: m mod M = (n mod N) mod M.

[0129] The values ​​of M and N can each be any value from 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, 14, and 16. The value of N can be defined based on a number of frequency-division multiplexed ROs. For example, the value of N is a factor of the number of frequency-division multiplexed ROs or is the number of frequency-division multiplexed ROs. The value of M can be a factor of a number of synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted or it can be a configured value. The value of M is related to the value of N. The two values ​​can be in a multiple relationship or one value can be smaller than the other value.

[0130] There are five configuration methods for associating a plurality of ROs with one or more groups of synchronization signal blocks. In a first configuration method for associating M groups of blocks of Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 64 / 144 38 / 87 synchronization signals with N ROs, the M groups of synchronization signal blocks are associated with each of the N ROs. For example, if M = 2 and N = 2, a group of synchronization signal blocks with an index in {m, m + 1} is associated with an RO with an index n, and a group of synchronization signal blocks with an index in {m, m + 1} is associated with an RO with an index n + 1, where m and m are, respectively, multiples of M and N, and m can be equal to n. For example, if M = 2 and N = 2, a group of synchronization signal blocks with an index in {m, ..., m + M - 1} is associated with each RO with an index in {n, ..., n + N - 1}, where m and m are, respectively, multiples of M and N, and m can be equal to n. For example, a group of synchronization signal blocks with an index i is associated with a RO with an index j, where floor(i / M) = floor(j / N).

[0131] In a second configuration method, the M groups of synchronization signal blocks are associated with the corresponding ROs in N ROs, and each RO is associated with a different group of synchronization signal blocks. For example, a group of synchronization signal blocks with an index i is associated with an RO with an index j, where n = j mod N; m = i mod M; m = nx M, or (i mod M) = (j mod N) x M; M may be in a relation with N, for example, a multiple relation, and M may be a multiple of N obtained by multiplying N by 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10. For example, a group of synchronization signal blocks with an index in {m, ..., m + M - 1} is associated with an RO with an index n, where m = nx M or i = jx M.

[0132] In a third setup method for associating M groups of synchronization signal blocks with N ROs, an RO with an index in {n, ..., n + N - 1} is associated with each of the M groups of synchronization signal blocks, as shown in Figure 1. For example, an RO with an index in {n, ..., n + N - 1} is associated with a group of synchronization signal blocks with an index i, where i is any value in {m, ..., m + M - 1}. For example, a group of synchronization signal blocks with an index i is associated with an RO with an index j, where floor(i / M) = floor(j / N). For example, if M = 2 and N = 2, a RO with an index in {n, n + 1} is associated with a group of synchronization signal blocks with an index m, and a RO with an index in {n, n + 1} is associated with a group of synchronization signal blocks with an index m, where m and m are, respectively, multiples of M and N, in which case... Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 65 / 144 39 / 87 equals n. For example, a group of synchronization signal blocks with an index i is associated with a RO with an index j, where floor(i / M) = floor(j / N).

[0133] In a fourth configuration method, N ROs are associated with the corresponding synchronization signal block groups, and each synchronization signal block group is associated with a different RO. An OR with an index in {n, n + 1}, {n, n + 1, n + 2}, {n, n + 1, n + 2, n + 3} or {n, n + 1, n + 2, n + 3, n + 4, n + 5} is associated with a group of synchronization signal blocks with an index m, where in this case, m is an even number, n = mx 2, n = mx 4, n = mx 3, or n = mx 6. For example, an OR with an index in {n,..., n + N-1} is associated with an OR with an index m, where n = mx N. For example, a group of synchronization signal blocks with an index i is associated with an OR with an index j, where j = ix N.

[0134] In a fifth configuration method, the M groups of synchronization signal blocks are associated with N ROs by means of repeated association or punching (punched has the same meaning as released, deleted, unused, not transmitted, not associated” and “not matching”): an index relationship of an index n of an RO associated with a group of synchronization signal blocks with an index m is: m mod M = (n mod N) mod M.

[0135] The values ​​of M and N can each have any value of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, 14, and 16. The network device can configure these parameters based on any combination of the previous methods or using an indexing method. Table 1 is a table of one configuration. Table 2 is a table of another configuration. The value of M can be some or all of the values ​​of 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8, for example, it can be 1, 2, 4, and 6 or 1, 2, 4, and 8. The value of N can be 1, 2, and 4. The value of N can be defined based on a number of frequency-division multiplexed ROs. For example, the value of N is a factor of the number of frequency-division multiplexed ROs or is the number of frequency-division multiplexed ROs. The value of M can be a factor of the number of synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted, or it can be a configured value. The value of M is related to the value of N.

[0136] It should be noted that an index n of an RO may be an index of an RO in a period of association (time period for Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 66 / 144 40 / 87 association), or it can be an index of an RO in X periods of RACH feature configuration, or it can be an index of an RO in a period of RACH feature configuration, and can be collectively referred to as the index of an RO in a period. The index n has a plurality of forms. A first form is a direct index n, and a value of n can be 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4. The index n is related to an RO count in a period, and is not related to any other parameter. If there are 8 ROs in a period, the value of the index n is from 0 to 7. In a second method of defining value, the value of n is related to an RO location, and can be calculated using the RO location, including a frequency location and time domain location. For example, one indexing method is n = f (s_id, t_id, f_id, _ul_carrier_id) and another index calculation method is n = f (s_id, t_id, f_id, _ul_carrier_id) mod B, where B is the number of ROs in a period.f(s_id, t_id, f_id, _ul_carrier_id) indicates that n is related to at least one parameter in s_id, t_id, f_id, and _ul_carrier_id. For example, one calculation method is f(s_id, t_id, f_id, _ul_carrier_id) = 1 + s_id + 14x t_id + 14 x X x f_id + 14 x X x Y x ul_carrier_id, where s_id is a PRACH start symbol; t_id is a PRACH time interval symbol; f_id is a PRACH frequency domain location and a value of f_id is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to Y; ul_carrier_id is an uplink carrier index of a PRACH 1 message; X is a maximum amount of time domain PRACH resources; Y is a maximum value of a frequency-domain RACH feature. This index can also be an index of a frequency-division multiplexed RO.

[0137] n may alternatively relate to a quantity of synchronization signal blocks or groups of synchronization signal blocks in a half-frame, or relate to a quantity of synchronization signal blocks or a group of synchronization signal blocks associated with a RO, or relate to a quantity M3 of random access resources in a random access resource configuration period or in a random access resource association period. For example, n = n2 mod M2, where n2 is an index of a RO in a period, and M2 may be the quantity of synchronization signal blocks in a half-frame. For example, n = n2 x M1, where M1 indicates a quantity of signal blocks of Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, page 67 / 144 41 / 87 synchronization or groups of synchronization signal blocks associated with an RO. In an association relation, an index of a synchronization signal block associated with an n2nd RO is (n2 x M1) mod M2 to (n2 x (M1 + 1) -1) mod M2. For example, n = n2 + ix M3 or n = (n2 + ix M3) x M1, where i indicates an index of a random access resource configuration period or a random access resource association period in a random access period. In an association relation, an index of a synchronization signal block associated with the n2nd RO is n mod M2 to (n+M11) mod M2. K indicates a quantity of synchronization signal blocks in a synchronization signal block group.When a RO is associated with a group of synchronization signal blocks, an index of the synchronization signal block group can be used to represent an index m of a SS block, or m can be used to represent k, where k = floor(m / K). g indicates a group of synchronization signal blocks. For example, 1g indicates one group and 2g indicates two groups.

[0138] The network device can configure these parameters based on any combination of the previous methods or using an indexing method. Table 1 is a table of one configuration. Table 2 is a table of another configuration. The network device can select some or all of the configured values ​​or some or all of the rules in the tables for configuration. The example in Table 1 and Table 2 provides examples of Rule and Quantity Association. The network device can perform configuration based on Rule and Quantity Association, or Example, or Rule and Quantity Association, or Version, or Version and Example. Table 1: Configuration table for an association relationship between a synchronization signal block or a group of synchronization signal blocks and an RO. Index nRO nSSB Rule Quantity Association Version Example 0 1 1 m = n 1 a 1 0 Mapped to the single RO FDMed, m = n 1 1 2 n = floor(m / 2) 1 a 2 0 Mapped to the single RO FDMed, n = floor(m / 2) Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 68 / 144 42 / 87 2 1 4 n = floor(m / 4) 1 a 4 0 Mapeado para a única RO FDMed, n = floor(m / 4) 3 1 1 grupo n = k 1 a 1g 0 Mapeado para a única RO FDMed, n = k 4 1 2 grupos n = floor(k / 2) 1 a 2g 0 Mapeado para a única RO FDMed, n = floor(k / 2) 5 2 1 m = floor(n / 2) 2 a 1 0 Um SSB mapeado para todas as ROs FDMed, m = floor(n / 2) 6 2 1 m = n 1 a 1 1 SSB--b RO 0, SSB1á ROi, m = n 7 2 2 floor(m / 2) = floor(n / 2) 2 a 2 0 {SSB 0, SSBi} á RO 0, {SSB0, SSBi} á ROi, floor(m / 2) = floor(n / 2) 8 2 2 n = floor(m / 2) 1 a 2 1 {SSB 0, SSBi} á RO 0, {SSB 2, SSB3} á ROi n = floor(m / 2) 9 2 4 floor(m / 4) = floor(n / 2) 2 a 4 0 {SSB 0,..., SSB3} á RO 0, {SSB 0,..., SSB3} á ROi, floor(m / 4) = floor(n / 2) 10 2 1 group k = floor(n / 2) or floor(m / K) = floor(n / 2) 2 to 1g 0 {SSBs in group 0} á RO 0, {SSBs in group 0} á ROi, k = floor(n / 2) or floor(m / K) = floor(n / 2) 11 2 1 group k = n or floor(m / K) = n 1 to 1g 1 {SSBs in group 0} á RO 0, {SSBs in group 1} á ROi, k = N or floor(m / K) = n 12 2 2 groups floor(k / 2) = floor(n / 2) or floor(m / (2 x K)) = floor(n / 2) 2 to 2g 0 {SSBs in group 0, SSBs in group 1} − RO 0, floor(k / 2) = floor(n / 2) {SSBs in group 0, SSBS in group 1} − ROi, floor(m / (2 x K)) = floor(n / 2) 13 2 2 groups n = floor(k / 2) or n = floor(m / (2 x K)) 1 a 2g 1 {SSBs in group 0, SSBs in group 1} − RO 0, n = floor(k / 2) or {SSBs in group 2, SSBs in group 1} Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 69 / 144 43 / 87 grupo 3} A ROi, n = floor(m / (2 x K)) 14 4 1 m = floor(n / 4) 4 a 1 0 Um SSB mapeado para todas as ROs FDMed, m = floor(n / 4) 15 4 1 m = n 1 a 1 1 SSBoA RO 0, SSB1A ROi, SSB2A RO 2, SSB3A RO 3, m = n 16 4 2 floor(m / 2) = floor(n / 4) 4 a 2 0 {SSB 0, SSBi} A RO 0, {SSB 0, SSBi} A ROi, {SSB 0, SSBi} A RO 2, {SSB 0, SSBi} A RO 3, floor(m / 2) = floor(n / 4) 17 4 2 floor(m / 2) = n mod 4 ou floor(m / 2) = n 1 a 2 1 {SSB 0, SSBi} A RO 0, {SSB 2, SSB3} A ROi, {SSB 4, SSB5} A RO 2, {SSB 6, SSB7} A RO 3, floor(m / 2) = n mod 4 ou floor(m / 2) = n 18 4 4 floor(m / 4) = floor(n / 4) 4 a 4 0 {SSB O,..., SSB3} a ro o, {SSB O,..., SSB3} A ROi, floor(m / 4) = floor(n / 4) {SSB O,..., SSB3} A RO 2, {SSB O,..., SSB3} A RO 3 19 4 1 group k = floor(n / 4) 4 a 1g 0 {SSBs in group 0} A RO 0, {SSBs in group 0} A ROi, k = floor(n / 4) {SSBs in group 0} A RO 2, {SSBs in group 0} A RO 3 20 4 1 group k = n 1 a 1g 1 {SSBs in group 0} A RO 0, {SSBs in group 1} A ROi, k = n {SSBs in group 2} A RO 2, {SSBs in group 3} A RO 3 21 4 2 groups floor(n / 4) = floor(k / 2) 4 a 2g 0 {SSBs in group 0, SSBs in group 1} A RO 0, floor(n / 4). Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 70 / 144 44 / 87 = floor(k / 2) {SSBs no grupo 0, SSBs no grupo 1} A ROi {SSBs no grupo 0, SSBs no grupo 1} A RO 2 {SSBs no grupo 0, SSBs no grupo 1} A RO 3 22 4 2 grupos n = floor(k / 2) ou n mod 4 = floor(k / 2) 1 a 2g 1 {SSBs no grupo 0, SSBs no grupo 1} A RO 0, n = floor(k / 2) ou n mod 4 = floor(k / 2) {SSBs no grupo 2, SSBs no grupo 3} A ROi {SSBs no grupo 4, SSBs no grupo 5} A RO 3 {SSBs no grupo 6, SSBs no grupo 7} A RO 4 23 6 1 m = floor(n / 6) 6 a 1 0 Um SSB mapeado para todas as ROs FDMed, m = floor(n / 6) 24 6 1 m = n 1 a 1 1 SSBoA RO 0,..., SSB5A RO5, m = n 25 6 2 floor(m / 2) = floor(n / 6) 6 a 2 0 {SSB 0, SSBi} A RO 0,..., {SSB 0, SSBi} A RO5, floor(m / 2) = floor(n / 6) 26 6 2 floor(m / 2) = n mod 6 ou floor(m / 2) = n 1 a 2 1 {SSB 0, SSBi} A RO 0, ..., {SSB 10, SSB 11} A ROi, floor(m / 2) = mod n 6 ou floor(m / 2) = n 27 6 4 floor(m / 4) = floor(n / 6) 6 a 4 0 {SSB 0,..., SSB3} A RO 0,..., {SSB 0,..., SSB3} A RO5, floor(m / 4) = floor(n / 6) 28. 6 1 grupo k = floor(n / 6) 6 a 1g 0 {SSBs no grupo 0} A RO 0,..., {SSBs in group 0} A RO5, k = floor(n / 6) 29 6 1 group k = n 6 a 1g 1 {SSBs in group 0} A RO 0,..., {SSBs in group 5} A RO5, k = n. Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, page 71 / 144 45 / 87 30 6 2 groups floor(n / 6) = floor(k / 2) 6 to 2g 0 {SSBs in group 0, SSBs in group 1} ^ RO 0,..., floor(n / 6) = floor(k / 2) {SSBs in group 0, SSBs in group 1} ^ RO5 31 N / DN / DN / DN / D Table 2: Configuration table for an association relationship between a synchronization signal block or a group of synchronization signal blocks and an RO. Index nRO nSSB Rule Quantity Association Version Example 0 1 1 m = n 1 to 1 0 Mapped to the only RO FDMed 1 1 2 n = floor(m / 2) 1 to 2 0 Mapped to the only RO FDMed 2 1 4 n = floor(m / 4) 1 to 4 0 Mapped to the only RO FDMed 3 1 All 0 Mapped to the only RO FDMed 4 N / DN / DN / DN / D 5 2 1 m = floor(n / 2) 2 to 1 0 One SSB mapped to all FDMed ROs 6 2 1 m = n 1 to 1 1 SSB--A ROo, SSBi A RO1 7 2 2 floor(m / 2) = floor(n / 2) 2 to 2 0 {SSBo , SSBi} A ROo, {SSBo , SSBi} A RO1 8 2 2 n = floor(m / 2) 1 to 2 1 {SSBo, SSBi} A ROo, {SSB2, SSB3} A RO1 9 2 4 floor(m / 4) = floor(n / 2) 2 to 4 0 {SSBo,., SSB3} A ROo, {SSBo,., SSB3} A RO1 10 2 4 k = floor(n / 2) or floor(m / K) = floor(n / 2) 2 to 1g 1 {SSBo,., SSB3} A ROo, {SSB5,., SSB7} A RO1 , for > 4 SSBs 11 2 All k = n or 1 to 1g 0 {SSBo,., SSB7} A ROo, Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 72 / 144 46 / 87 floor(m / K) = n {SSBo,., SSB7} ^ ROi , para> 4 SSBs 12 2 Todos floor(k / 2) = floor(n / 2) ou floor( m / (2 x K)) = floor(n / 2) 2 a 2g 1 {SSBo,., SSB3} ^ ROo, {SSB5,., SSB7} ^ ROi , para> 4 SSBs 13 N / D N / D n = floor(k / 2) ou n = floor( m / (2 x K)) 1 a 2g N / D N / D 14 4 1 m = floor(n / 4) 4 a 1 0 Um SSB mapeado para todas as FDMed ROs 15 4 1 m = n 1 a 1 1 SSBo^ ROo, SSBi^ ROi , SSB2^ RO2, SSB3^ ro 3 16 4 2 floor(m / 2) = floor(n / 4) 4 a 2 0 {SSBo, SSBi} -> ROo, {SSBo , SSBi} ^ ROi , {SSBo , SSBi} ^ RO2, {SSBo , SSBi} ^ RO 3 17 4 2 floor(m / 2) = n mod 4 ou floor(m / 2) = n 1 a 2 1 {SSBo, SSBi} ^ ROo, {SSB2, SSB3} ^ ROi , {SSB4, SSB5} ^ RO2, {SSB 6 , SSB7} ^ RO 3 18 4 4 floor(m / 4) = floor(n / 4) 4 a 4 0 {SSBo,., SSB3} ^ ROo, {SSBo,., SSB3} ^ ROi {SSBo,., SSB3} ^ RO2, {SSBo,., SSB3} ^ RO 3 19 4 4 k = floor(n / 4) 4 a 1g 1 {SSBo,., SSB3} ^ ROo, {SSB4,., SSB7} ^ ROi {SSBo,., SSB3} ^ RO2, {SSB4,., SSB7} ^ RO 3 , para> 4 SSBs 20 4 Todos k = n 1 a 1g 0 {SSBo,., SSB7} ^ ROo,., {SSBo,., SSB7} ^ RO 3 , para> 4 SSBs 21 N / D N / D floor(n / 4) = floor(k / 2) 4 a 2g N / D N / D. Petição 870250121493, de 30 / 12 / 2025, pág. 73 / 144 47 / 87 22 N / D N / D n = floor(k / 2) ou n mod 4 = floor(k / 2) 1 a 2g N / D N / D 23 6 1 m = floor(n / 6) 6 a 1 0 Um SSB mapeado para todas as FDMed ROs 24 6 1 m = n 1 a 1 1 SSBo^ ROo,., SSB3^ RO 3 , SSBo^ RO4, SSBi ^ RO5 , para < 4 SSBs SSBo^ ROo,., SSB·.·^ RO5 , para> 4 SSBs 25 6 2 floor(m / 2) = floor(n / 6) 6 a 2 0 {SSBo, SSBi} ^ ROo,., {SSBo, SSBi} ^ RO5 26 6 2 floor(m / 2) = n mod 6 ou floor(m / 2) = n 1 a 2 1 {SSBo, SSBi} ^ ROo,., {SSB4, SSB5} ^ RO 2 {SSBo, SSBi} ^ RO 3 ..... {SSB4, SSB5} ^ RO5 , para < 4 SSBs 27 6 4 floor(m / 4) = floor(n / 6) 6 a 4 0 {SSBo,., SSB3} ^ ROo,., {SSBo,., SSB3} ^ RO5 28. 6 4 k = floor(n / 6) 6 a 1g 1 {SSBo,., SSB3} ^ ROo, {SSB4,., SSB7} ^ ROi {SSBo,., SSB3} ^ RO2, {SSB4,., SSB7} ^ RO 3 {SSBo,., SSB3} ^ RO4, {SSB4,., SSB7} ^ RO5 29- 31 Reservado

[0139] In another implementation, the network device can separately configure the number of frequency-division multiplexed ROs (of the same time), for example, it can configure values ​​{F1, F2, F3, F4}. For example, F1, F2, F3, and F4 are, respectively, 1, 2, 4, and 6; or they can be configured as 1, 2, 4, and 8; or they can be 1, 2, 3, and 4; or they can be some or all of the values ​​1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16, for example, there can be two, three, or four of them, for example, there can be 1 and 2 or 1 and 4, with the remaining values ​​reserved. The network device can also separately configure the number N of signal blocks. Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 74 / 144 48 / 87 synchronization associated with an RO, and you can set the value of N as 1 / F, 2 / F, 1 / 2, 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8 and 1 group, 2 groups, 3 groups, 4 groups, 5 groups, 6 groups, 7 groups, or 8 groups, where F is any value or factor of any value in {F1, F2, F3, F4}.

[0140] In one implementation, if a number of frequency-division multiplexed ROs is set to F1, then the number N of synchronization signal blocks (or groups of synchronization signal blocks) associated with an RO must be a factor of F1 or an integer no greater than the number of synchronization signal blocks (or groups of synchronization signal blocks) actually transmitted. The terminal device does not want the base station to set a different value. Alternatively, if the base station sets a different value, the terminal device sets N to a predefined value by default.

[0141] In one implementation, if a number of frequency-division multiplexed ROs is set to F2, then the number N of synchronization signal blocks (or groups of synchronization signal blocks) associated with an RO must be a factor of F2 or an integer no greater than the number of synchronization signal blocks (or groups of synchronization signal blocks) actually transmitted. The terminal device does not want the base station to set a different value. Alternatively, if the base station sets a different value, the terminal device sets N to a predefined value by default.

[0142] In one implementation, if a number of frequency-division multiplexed ROs is set to F3, then the number N of synchronization signal blocks (or groups of synchronization signal blocks) associated with an RO must be a factor of F3 or an integer no greater than the number of synchronization signal blocks (or groups of synchronization signal blocks) actually transmitted. The terminal device does not want the base station to set a different value. Alternatively, if the base station sets a different value, the terminal device sets N to a predefined value by default.

[0143] In one implementation, if the number of frequency division multiplexed ROs configured is F4, then the number N of synchronization signal blocks (or groups of blocks of Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 75 / 144 49 / 87 synchronization signals) associated with an RO must be a factor of F4 or an integer that is not greater than the number of synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted (or groups of synchronization signal blocks). The terminal device does not want the base station to set a different value. Alternatively, if the base station sets a different value, the terminal device sets N as a default value.

[0144] In another implementation, the network device can specify the maximum number of synchronization signal blocks associated with an RO as 16 or 8. The network device can configure a number of ROs based on a number of synchronization signal blocks and a number of synchronization signal block groups. In one configuration method, the number of synchronization signal blocks that can be associated with an RO and the number of synchronization signal block groups that can be associated with an RO is each 1 / F, 1 / 2, 1, 2, 3 or 4, 1 group, 2 groups, 3 or 4 groups, or all groups. The quantities can be represented using 3 bits.The value 3 or 4 indicates that when the number of synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted in a group is 3 or 6, a value is set to 3; or when the number of synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted in a group is 4 or 8, a value is set to 4. In a configuration method, the number of synchronization signal blocks that can be associated with an RO and the number of synchronization signal block groups that can be associated with an RO are 1 / F, 1 / 2, 1, 2, 3, 4, or all. The quantities can be represented using 3 bits. In a configuration method, the number of synchronization signal blocks that can be associated with an RO is classified into two types.One type is many-to-one, which indicates that the number of synchronization signal blocks associated with an RO is a fractional value; to be specific, a plurality of synchronization signal blocks are associated with an RO. The number of synchronization signal blocks associated with an RO can be 1 / F, 1 / 2 and 2 / F, or it can be 1 / F and 1 / 2, or it can be 1 / F and 2 / F, or it can be 1 / F. This part of the configuration can be related to a value of F. A second type is that an RO is associated with one or more synchronization signal blocks and is one-to-many and one-to. Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 76 / 144 50 / 87 one. A value configured in a one-to-many manner can be based on the number of synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted or is related to the number of all synchronization signal blocks in a group of synchronization signal blocks. The configurable values ​​include 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8, where 5, 6, and 7 can be configured together with 4 or 8. When 5, 6, and 7 are configured together with 8, the number of synchronization signal blocks that can be associated with an RO is either a group or All. 3 and 4 can be configured together, or 3 and 4 can also be configured together with 5. In this case, the configurable values ​​are 1, 2, 4 and all, or 1, 2, 3 and all, or 1, 2, Z and all, where Z indicates 3 or 4, and is determined based on the number of synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted.All indicate a total number of synchronization signal blocks and synchronization signal block groups, or indicate the number of all synchronization signal blocks in a synchronization signal block group. When a RO is associated with one or more synchronization signal block groups, the network device can configure a RO to associate with N groups, where a value of N can be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8. During configuration, the network device can configure N as 1 group or all groups, or configure N as 1 or 2, or configure N as 1 or (2 or 3). The network device can configure all three types, or configure only the first two.

[0145] The network device can alternatively configure jointly the number of synchronization signal blocks associated with an RO and the number of random access preambles associated with a synchronization signal block. In other words, the number of random access preambles associated with an RO is configured based on the number of synchronization signal blocks associated with an RO, as shown in Table 3, where NRO indicates the number of ROs, NSS indicates the number of SSs, and NP indicates the number of random access preambles associated with a synchronization signal block. Alternatively, some data in Table 3 can be configured jointly. For example, when the number of random access preambles associated with an RO is less than or equal to 4 or 1, a number of data bits for the number of random access preambles associated with a Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, page 77 / 144 51 / 87 synchronization signal block is 4. When the number of synchronization signal blocks associated with an RO is greater than 4 or 1, it indicates that some data bits for the number of random access preambles associated with a synchronization signal block can be used to indicate the number of synchronization signal blocks associated with an RO. Table 3 shows the joint configuration of the number of random access preambles associated with a synchronization signal block and the number of synchronization signal blocks associated with a RO. NRONSS 1-1 2-1 F / 2-1 F-1 1-2 NP 4x(1- 16) 4x(1-16) 4x(1-16) 4x(1-16) 2x(1-16) NRONSS 1-4 (1- 3) 1-8 (1-7, 1-6, 1-5) 1-10 1-12 1-14 NP 1-8 1-6 1-5 1-4 1-4

[0146] According to the communication method provided in this embodiment of this application, a time-frequency location of a random access resource associated with each downlink synchronization signal is indicated, so that the terminal device obtains, through downlink synchronization, a time-frequency location to send an uplink random access signal, to avoid a blind attempt by the terminal device and a network device beam mismatch from occurring when the network device receives a random access signal, thus improving efficiency.

[0147] In a long-term evolution (LTE) communications system, when a terminal device sends a random access signal, it is not considered whether a time-frequency resource for sending the random access signal conflicts with a time-frequency resource for an uplink signal configured periodically, semi-statically, or statically. When the terminal device sends the uplink signal periodically, semi-statically, or statically, it is not considered whether the time-frequency resource for sending the uplink signal configured periodically, semi-statically, or statically conflicts. Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 78 / 144 52 / 87 conflict with the time-frequency resource for random access. As a result, the random access signal or the periodically, semi-statically, or statically configured uplink signal is interfered with, and the signal reception performance deteriorates.

[0148] Therefore, it is necessary to consider a time-frequency resource conflict problem when the previous uplink signal is sent.

[0149] The embodiments of this application provide another method and apparatus of communications, whereby a terminal device sends an uplink signal based on time-frequency resource indication information. In this way, a time-frequency resource conflict between uplink signals can be avoided and signal reception performance is improved.

[0150] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of an interaction process of another communication method according to a modality of this request. The method may include the following steps:

[0151] S501: A network device sends first information and / or second information to a terminal device. The terminal device receives the first information and / or second information sent by the network device. The first information is used to instruct the sending of a first uplink signal on a first time-frequency resource; and / or the second information is used to instruct the sending of a second uplink signal on a second time-frequency resource.

[0152] S502: The network device / terminal device additionally performs any of the following steps: When a third time-frequency resource in the first time-frequency resource indicated by the first information is included in the second time-frequency resource indicated by the second information, the terminal device sends the first uplink signal to the network device on a time-frequency resource different from the third time-frequency resource in the first time-frequency resource; and the network device receives the first uplink signal that is sent by the terminal device on a time-frequency resource different from the third time-frequency resource. Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 79 / 144 53 / 87 frequency in the first time-frequency resource; or when a fourth time-frequency resource in the second time-frequency resource indicated by the second information is included in the first time-frequency resource indicated by the first information, the terminal device sends the second uplink signal to the network device on a time-frequency resource different from the fourth time-frequency resource in the second time-frequency resource; and the network device receives the second uplink signal that is sent by the terminal device on a time-frequency resource different from the fourth time-frequency resource in the second time-frequency resource;or when a third time-frequency resource in the first time-frequency resource indicated by the first information overlaps a fourth time-frequency resource in the second time-frequency resource indicated by the second information, the terminal device sends the first uplink signal to the network device in the first time-frequency resource, and / or the terminal device sends the second uplink signal to the network device in the second time-frequency resource; and the network device receives the first uplink signal sent by the terminal device in the first time-frequency resource and / or the network device receives the second uplink signal sent by the terminal device in the second time-frequency resource.

[0153] In this embodiment, the first uplink signal is at least one of the following: a periodic signal, a semi-static signal, a semi-persistent signal, a periodic sounding reference signal (SRS), a periodic demodulation reference signal (DMRS), a periodic physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), a periodic physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), and a dynamic scheduling / configuration signal; and the second uplink signal is a random access signal. The first uplink signal (i.e., a periodically or semi-statically or statically configured uplink signal) is usually configured by the network device. The signal transmission timing and frequency resource information of Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 80 / 144 54 / 87 uplink signal timing may or may not be indicated using a downlink control channel. Alternatively, some timing and frequency resource information for sending the first uplink signal may be indicated using a downlink control channel, and other timing and frequency information is specified beforehand using RRC signaling, a MAC CE, or a PDCCH order. The pre-specified information occurs periodically in terms of time. The random access signal is used for uplink synchronization. A conflict between the timing and frequency resources for sending the first uplink signal and the second uplink signal should be reduced most of the time or should not exist.

[0154] In practice, the first uplink signal usually occupies more time and / or frequency resources (bandwidth), and the time and frequency locations of the second uplink signal are cell-level configurations. As a result, an overlap or partial overlap of time and frequency resource locations between the first uplink signal and the second uplink signal cannot be avoided. In some cases, changing the time and frequency locations of the second uplink signal requires a relatively long time or relatively high overhead. Therefore, scaling the first uplink signal into the time and frequency locations of the second uplink signal should be avoided as much as possible. If an overlap or partial overlap cannot be avoided, punching or not sending an overlapping portion of one of the signals is considered.

[0155] In this mode, before sending the first uplink signal and / or the second uplink signal, the terminal device receives the first information and / or the second information sent by the network device. The first information is used to instruct the sending of the first uplink signal on the first time-frequency resource; and / or the second information is used to instruct the sending of the second uplink signal on the second time-frequency resource. In other words, the network device indicates a time-frequency resource to Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 81 / 144 55 / 87 send an uplink signal.

[0156] Specifically, the S501 includes: To receive, through the terminal device, using at least one type of the following information, the first information and / or the second information sent by the network device, where at least one type of the following information includes: system information, radio resource control (RRC), a downlink control channel, and a CE MAC address.

[0157] After the terminal device receives the first and / or second information, the following various implementations for sending the first uplink signal and / or the second uplink signal are included based on specific cases:

[0158] In one implementation, when the third time-frequency resource in the first time-frequency resource indicated by the first information is included in the second time-frequency resource indicated by the second information, the terminal device sends the first uplink signal to the network device on a time-frequency resource different from the third time-frequency resource in the first time-frequency resource; and the network device receives the first uplink signal that is sent by the terminal device on a time-frequency resource different from the third time-frequency resource in the first time-frequency resource. Specifically, a time-frequency resource that conflicts between the first time-frequency resource and the second time-frequency resource is the third time-frequency resource.If the terminal device does not consider a time-frequency resource conflict and directly sends the first uplink signal on the first time-frequency resource, because the first time-frequency resource conflicts with the second time-frequency resource used to send the second uplink signal, the signal reception performance may be affected when the network device receives the first uplink signal and / or the second uplink signal. Therefore, the terminal device sends the first uplink signal to the network device on a different time-frequency resource than the third time-frequency resource on the first time-frequency resource, and the network device receives the first uplink signal. Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, page 82 / 144 56 / 87 sent by the terminal device on a time-frequency resource different from the third time-frequency resource on the first time-frequency resource. To be specific, the conflicting time-frequency resource is bypassed, no signal is transmitted on that conflicting time-frequency resource, and the rate matching is calculated based on an actually transmitted time-frequency resource. In this way, the signal reception performance of the first uplink signal and / or the second uplink signal can be improved.

[0159] In another implementation, when the fourth time-frequency resource in the second time-frequency resource indicated by the second information is included in the first time-frequency resource indicated by the first information, the terminal device sends the second uplink signal to the network device on the time-frequency resource different from the fourth time-frequency resource in the second time-frequency resource; and the network device receives the second uplink signal that is sent by the terminal device on the time-frequency resource different from the fourth time-frequency resource in the second time-frequency resource. Specifically, a time-frequency resource that conflicts between the second time-frequency resource and the first time-frequency resource is the fourth time-frequency resource.If the terminal device does not consider a time-frequency resource conflict and directly sends the second uplink signal on the second time-frequency resource, because the second time-frequency resource conflicts with the first time-frequency resource used to send the first uplink signal, the signal reception performance may be affected when the network device receives the first uplink signal and / or the second uplink signal. Therefore, the terminal device sends the second uplink signal to the network device on a time-frequency resource different from the fourth time-frequency resource on the second time-frequency resource, and the network device receives the second uplink signal sent by the terminal device on a time-frequency resource different from the fourth time-frequency resource on the second time-frequency resource.In this way, the signal reception performance of the first uplink signal and / or the second uplink signal can be improved. Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 83 / 144 57 / 87

[0160] In yet another implementation, when the third time-frequency resource in the first time-frequency resource indicated by the first information overlaps with the fourth time-frequency resource in the second time-frequency resource indicated by the second information, the terminal device sends the first uplink signal to the network device in the first time-frequency resource, and / or the terminal device sends the second uplink signal to the network device in the second time-frequency resource; and the network device receives the first uplink signal sent by the terminal device in the first time-frequency resource and / or the network device receives the second uplink signal sent by the terminal device in the second time-frequency resource.Specifically, one application scenario for this implementation is that the terminal device sends the first uplink signal and / or the second uplink signal using a first type of transmission precoding. The transmission precoding type includes the first type and a second type. When the transmission precoding type is the first type, the transmission precoding type corresponds to a single carrier, for example, DFTs-OFDM and, by another example, a single carrier linear filtering. When the transmission precoding type is the second type, the transmission precoding type corresponds to a multi-carrier, for example, OFDM.When the first type of transmission pre-coding is used to send an uplink signal, the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) increases if no uplink signal is sent to a conflicting time-frequency resource. Therefore, in this mode, for example, in the scenario (of course, the scenario could alternatively be another scenario) where the first type of transmission pre-coding is used to send an uplink signal, when the third time-frequency resource in the first time-frequency resource indicated by the first information overlaps with the fourth time-frequency resource in the second time-frequency resource indicated by the second information, signal interference avoidance for the first uplink signal and the second uplink signal may not be considered, and the terminal device sends the first uplink signal in the first. Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 84 / 144 58 / 87 time-frequency resource and / or sends the second uplink signal on the second time-frequency resource. The network device receives the first uplink signal that is sent by the terminal device on the first time-frequency resource, and / or the network device receives the second uplink signal that is sent by the terminal device on the second time-frequency resource.

[0161] It should be noted that the same terminal device can send the first uplink signal and the second uplink signal at the same time, or it can send either the first uplink signal and the second uplink signal at one time; in other words, send the first uplink signal and the second uplink signal at different times. When there is a plurality of terminal devices on the network and a time-frequency resource of an uplink signal can be shared by the plurality of terminal devices, for example, a time-frequency resource of the second uplink signal is shared and is a random access signal, in this case, the plurality of terminal devices send different uplink signals, for example, terminal device 1 sends the first uplink signal and terminal device 2 sends the second uplink signal.In this case, terminal device 1 can send the first uplink signal in a manner described in any of the previous modes, and terminal device 2 can send the second uplink signal in a manner described in any of the previous modes. The network device receives a corresponding uplink signal in a corresponding manner. To be specific, if terminal device 1 does not send a signal at a location of the third time-frequency resource that overlaps with the time-frequency resource of the first uplink signal and the time-frequency resource of the second uplink signal, the network device needs to perform rate matching for the location of the third time-frequency resource upon receiving the first uplink signal from terminal device 1.Similarly, if terminal device 2 does not send any signal at a location of the fourth time-frequency resource that is common to the time-frequency resource of the second uplink signal and the time resource. Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 85 / 144 59 / 87 frequency of the first uplink signal, the network device needs to perform rate matching to the location of the fourth time frequency resource when receiving the second uplink signal from terminal device 2.

[0162] Certainly, the network device can still indicate whether it is considered to avoid signal interference in the first uplink signal and in the second uplink signal, and whether to send an uplink signal on a conflicting time-frequency resource. Therefore, in addition, the method further includes: To send, through the network device, third-party information to the terminal device; and to receive, through the terminal device, the third-party information, where the third-party information includes a type of uplink signal transmission pre-coding, and the type of uplink signal transmission pre-coding includes a first type and a second type; and to send, through the terminal device, an uplink signal to the network device based on the first information, the second information, and the third information; and to receive, through the network device, the uplink signal.

[0163] In other words, in this implementation, the network device sends the third information, to indicate to the terminal device a type of transmission pre-coding to send an uplink signal.

[0164] Additionally, the network device / terminal device additionally performs any of the following steps: When the uplink signal transmission pre-coding type is the first type, and / or the third time-frequency feature in the first time-frequency feature indicated by the first information overlaps with the fourth time-frequency feature in the second time-frequency feature indicated by the second information, the terminal device sends the first uplink signal to the network device in the first time-frequency feature, and / or the terminal device sends the second uplink signal to the network device in the second time-frequency feature; and the network device receives the first uplink signal that is sent by the terminal device in the first time-frequency feature and / or the Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 86 / 144 60 / 87 network device receives the second uplink signal that is sent by the terminal device on the second time-frequency resource; or when the uplink signal transmission pre-coding type is the second type, and the third time-frequency resource on the first time-frequency resource indicated by the first information is included in the second time-frequency resource indicated by the second information, the terminal device sends the first uplink signal to the network device on a time-frequency resource different from the third time-frequency resource on the first time-frequency resource; and the network device receives the first uplink signal that is sent by the terminal device on a time-frequency resource different from the third time-frequency resource on the first time-frequency resource;Or when the uplink signal transmission pre-coding type is the second type, and the fourth time-frequency feature of the second time-frequency feature indicated by the second information is included in the first time-frequency feature indicated by the first information, the terminal device sends the second uplink signal to the network device on a time-frequency feature different from the fourth time-frequency feature in the second time-frequency feature; and the network device receives the second uplink signal that is sent by the terminal device on a time-frequency feature different from the fourth time-frequency feature in the second time-frequency feature.

[0165] In a specific implementation, if the uplink signal transmission precoding type indicated by the network device is the first type, and the third time-frequency feature in the first time-frequency feature indicated by the first information is considered to overlap with the fourth time-frequency feature in the second time-frequency feature indicated by the second information, the terminal device does not avoid signal interference in the first uplink signal and the second uplink signal and directly sends the first uplink signal in the first time-frequency feature and / or sends the second uplink signal in the second time-frequency feature. Alternatively, the terminal device may not consider the uplink signal transmission precoding type. For example, Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, page 87 / 144 61 / 87 In another scenario where avoiding signal interference may not be a consideration, the terminal device directly sends the first uplink signal on the first time-frequency resource and / or sends the second uplink signal on the second time-frequency resource.

[0166] If the uplink signal transmission pre-coding type is the second type, the terminal device needs to consider a time-frequency resource conflict or signal interference between the first uplink signal and the second uplink signal.To be specific, the terminal device sends the first uplink signal to the network device on a time-frequency resource different from the third time-frequency resource on the first time-frequency resource, and the network device receives the first uplink signal sent by the terminal device on a time-frequency resource different from the third time-frequency resource on the first time-frequency resource; and the terminal device sends the second uplink signal to the network device on a time-frequency resource different from the fourth time-frequency resource on the second time-frequency resource, and the network device receives the second uplink signal sent by the terminal device on a time-frequency resource different from the fourth time-frequency resource on the second time-frequency resource.

[0167] In this way, the PAPR performance of the first type of transmission pre-coding is not affected, and the impact on the PAPR performance of the second type of transmission pre-coding is small. Additionally, signal reception performance is improved because no uplink signal is sent on a conflicting time-frequency resource.

[0168] Alternatively, the network device may additionally indicate whether it sends the first uplink signal and / or the second uplink signal on a conflicting time-frequency resource, i.e., indicate to the terminal device whether it executes a step in S502 or which step in S502 needs to be performed. In the specific implementation, the network device may indicate to the terminal device in the system information an RRC message, a CE MAC, a PDCCH, a control channel to schedule a random access response (msg2), or a random access response. Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 88 / 144 62 / 87 (random access response, RAR) carried in msg2, indicates whether the first uplink signal and / or the second uplink signal are sent on a time-frequency conflicting resource. For example, the indication might be 1-bit information, where 1 indicates that sending an uplink signal on a time-frequency conflicting resource is avoided (or 1 indicates that sending an uplink signal on a time-frequency conflicting resource is avoided when the transmission pre-coding type is the second type, i.e., OFDM) and 0 indicates that sending an uplink signal on a time-frequency conflicting resource does not need to be avoided.Alternatively, 0 indicates that sending an uplink signal on a conflicting time-frequency resource is avoided (or 0 indicates that sending an uplink signal on a conflicting time-frequency resource is avoided when the transmission pre-coding type is the second type, i.e., OFDM), and 1 indicates that sending an uplink signal on a conflicting time-frequency resource need not be avoided. The preceding system information may include physical broadcast channel (PBCH) transmission system information, or other channel transmission system information, or user request-based transmission system information. The RAR carried in the preceding msg2 may be included in a MAC header or a CE MAC.

[0169] According to the communication method provided in this embodiment of this application, the terminal device sends an uplink signal based on time-frequency resource indication information. In this way, a time-frequency resource conflict between uplink signals can be avoided and signal reception performance is improved. Specifically, the terminal device determines the location of a random access time-frequency resource based on the indication information. When sending an uplink signal, if a time-frequency resource of the uplink signal conflicts with a random access time-frequency resource, the terminal does not send the uplink signal on a time-frequency resource of the random access resource. Correspondingly, when receiving an uplink signal, the network device needs to perform rate matching with Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 89 / 144 63 / 87 based on a time-frequency location of a random access resource of the uplink signal and a time-frequency location of a random access resource.

[0170] In another embodiment, a current protocol supports the transmission of up to 4, 8, or 64 blocks of synchronization signals based on different frequency bands. In a real system, the network device possibly transmits fewer than 4, 8, or 64 blocks of synchronization signals. Therefore, the previous technique supports the network device in notifying the terminal device of actually transmitted blocks of synchronization signals, so that the terminal device performs a function such as downlink data rate matching, i.e., these indicated transmitted blocks of synchronization signals are staggered. For example, as shown in Figure 6, in NR, a specific time location of an actually transmitted block of synchronization signals is indicated using RMSI bitmap information (also known as a bitmap).For a frequency band higher than 6 GHz, there are up to 64 synchronization signal blocks in a set of SS bursts. The 64 synchronization signal blocks are divided into a maximum of 8 groups, and 8-bit information is used to indicate whether the groups of synchronization signal blocks are transmitted. Each group has a maximum of 8 synchronization signal blocks and uses 8-bit information to indicate whether the synchronization signal blocks were sent. A total of 8 + 8 = 16 bits of information is used for indication. For a frequency band lower than 6 GHz, a set of SS bursts has a maximum of 8 synchronization signal blocks and uses 8-bit information for indication.For example, for frequency bands higher than 6 GHz, the information about the actual transmission of frequency band synchronization signal blocks is 1101100110100011, and information about the frequency band groups is 11011001, indicating that groups 0, 1, 3, 4, and 7 actually transmitted synchronization signal blocks, and other groups did not actually transmit synchronization signal blocks. The information within a group is 10100011, indicating that synchronization signal blocks 0, 2, 6, and 7 within the group are transmitted.

[0171] Specific notification methods are as follows: Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 90 / 144 64 / 87

[0172] (1) Indication in system information:

[0173] When there are 64 synchronization signal blocks, the 64 synchronization signal blocks are divided into 8 groups, and each group has 8 synchronization signal blocks. In a specific indication, an 8-bit bitmap is used to indicate which group is transmitted, and another 8-bit bitmap is used to indicate which synchronization signal block in the group is transmitted.

[0174] When there are 8 blocks of synchronization signals, an 8-bit bitmap is used directly to indicate which block of synchronization signals is transmitted.

[0175] When there are 4 blocks of synchronization signals, a 4-bit bitmap is used directly to indicate which block of synchronization signals is transmitted.

[0176] (2) Indication on a MAC-CE and / or RRC and / or PDCCH sign:

[0177] When there are 64 / 8 / 4 blocks of synchronization signals, a 64 / 8 / 4 bitmap is used directly to indicate which block of synchronization signals is transmitted.

[0178] Each synchronization signal block is associated with a specific RACH resource. For a specific association configuration method, see related embodiments of the present invention. The details are not described herein again. Based on this association, the network device can send a RACH resource pattern of a specific conflicting or non-conflicting resource to a connected-mode or idle-mode terminal device based on the existing synchronization signal block indication above. For the indication, a single carrier or a multi-carrier can be used to send only uplink data, or any waveform is suitable.

[0179] The terminal device can determine a time-frequency resource location of an uplink signal based on at least one of the following: synchronization signal location information, random access configuration information, and mapping information between a synchronization signal and a random access signal.

[0180] Specifically, in an implementation, an indication is Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 91 / 144 65 / 87 performed based on a block of actually transmitted synchronization signals.

[0181] The terminal device can reuse the existing indication to indicate whether it sends uplink data on a conflicting RACH resource. If an indication indicates that a synchronization signal block is transmitted, the terminal device needs to avoid a RACH resource associated with that synchronization signal block. In this way, no additional indication information is needed.

[0182] In another implementation, an indication is made based on an association relationship between a synchronization signal block and a RACH resource.

[0183] In the prior art, a synchronization signal block is associated with a RACH feature, and the association of a plurality of synchronization signal blocks with the same RACH feature is supported. Therefore, an indication can be made based on a synchronization signal block, and the same indication can be provided for a plurality of synchronization signal blocks associated with the same RACH feature. A specific indication method is described below:

[0184] In yet another implementation, an indication is made based on a maximum number of synchronization signal blocks that can possibly be transmitted.

[0185] The network device can transmit 64 / 8 / 4 synchronization signal blocks based on a frequency band. It is assumed that there are a maximum of eight synchronization signal blocks for a frequency band, and two synchronization signal blocks are associated with the same RACH resource. Only a 4-bit indication instead of 8 bits is required, and the indication does not depend on a synchronization signal block actually being transmitted as described above. For example, if 1001 is indicated to a user, the user cannot send uplink data on a RACH resource associated with synchronization signal blocks 1, 2, 7, and 8. Certainly, the indication may alternatively indicate that the user cannot send uplink data on a RACH resource associated with synchronization signal blocks 3, 4, 5, and 6. This depends on a specific meaning of 1 or 0 of a bit. Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 92 / 144 66 / 87

[0186] In yet another implementation, an indication is made based on a block of actually transmitted synchronization signals.

[0187] An indication made based on a block of synchronization signals actually transmitted as reported by the network device may additionally reduce the number of bits. For example, it is assumed that there are a maximum of eight blocks of synchronization signals for a frequency band. However, according to an indication from the network device, only 6 of the 8 blocks of synchronization signals (assuming that synchronization signal blocks 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, and 8 are transmitted) are actually transmitted, and 2 blocks of synchronization signals are associated with the same RACH resource. In this case, only a 3-bit indication is needed. For example, if 001 is indicated for a user, the user cannot send uplink data on a RACH resource associated with synchronization signal blocks 7 and 8.Certainly, the indication may alternatively indicate that the user cannot send uplink data on a RACH resource associated with synchronization signal blocks 1, 2, 5, and 6. This depends on a specific meaning of 1 or 0 of a bit. Because synchronization signal blocks 3 and 4 are not transmitted, the indication is not related to synchronization signal blocks 3 and 4, and is associated only with the actually transmitted synchronization signal blocks 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, and 8.

[0188] In other words, an indication is performed based on the time-frequency length of a random access resource associated with a block of actually transmitted synchronization signals. For example, if the time-frequency resource length of the random access resource associated with the block of actually transmitted synchronization signals (or a quantity of random access time-frequency resources) is K, a bitmap with a length of K is used for indication, where K is an integer, for example, K = 1 to 128. In yet another implementation, an indication is performed based on a RACH configuration.

[0189] A RACH resource is configured using the RACH configuration information in a system message, and is repeated according to a specific period, for example, 10 / 20 / 40 / 80 / 160 ms. Therefore, a RACH resource configured within a period can be directly indicated. For example, if RACH resources are configured in the X domains of Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 93 / 144 67 / 87 time, an X-bit bitmap will be used for an indication. Each bit indicates whether the terminal device needs to avoid a conflict with a RACH resource in a time domain during uplink data transmission. A time length of the X time domains can be based on a random access preamble format and a random access preamble format subcarrier spacing, where X is an integer, for example, X = 1 to 1024.

[0190] By another example, there are F frequency-division multiplexed random access resources in X time domains, an indication can be made based on at least one of X and F. For example, an F-bit bitmap is indicated to show that a frequency locale conflict indicated in the F-bit bitmap needs to be processed for an uplink signal, where F is an integer, for example, F = 1 to 128. By another example, a Y-bit bitmap is indicated to show that a time-frequency locale conflict indicated in the Y-bit bitmap needs to be processed for an uplink signal. For example, Y = F x X.

[0191] It should be noted that the RACH configuration information includes a physical random-access channel (PRACH) configuration index and a random-access preamble subcarrier spacing field. The PRACH configuration index and the random-access preamble subcarrier spacing field jointly determine the random-access timing feature information and / or a random-access preamble subcarrier spacing. For example, the random-access preamble subcarrier spacing field has a length of 1 bit. When a frequency band for random access is a first frequency band (e.g., less than 6 GHz), timing information is determined based on the PRACH configuration index, the random-access preamble subcarrier spacing field, and a predefined first random-access configuration table.If the random access preamble format includes information about the random access preamble subcarrier spacing, the random access preamble subcarrier spacing field can still be used to indicate information. Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 94 / 144 68 / 87 of a random access resource timing. For example, when the random access preamble format is the 0 to 3 preamble format, a first timing is indicated if the random access preamble subcarrier spacing field is 0, and a second timing is indicated if the random access preamble subcarrier spacing field is 1. For example, as shown in Table 3, a preamble format F can be preamble formats 0 to 3 defined in 5G, and the random access preamble subcarrier spacing can be determined based on a value of that format. P can be understood as a random access configuration period or a random access resource period, and a value of P can be represented using milliseconds. For example, P is any one of 1 ms, 5 ms, 10 ms, 20 ms, 40 ms, 80 ms, 160 ms, 320 ms, and 640 ms, where ms indicates a unit of time in milliseconds.Alternatively, a value of P can be represented using a number of frames, for example, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, or 256 frames, where each frame is 10 ms. Q indicates a time location (e.g., a frame or a subframe) at which the random access feature appears in a period (e.g., a random access setting period P). For example, when P is greater than 1, Q can be 0 to P - 1. A subframe index is a time location at which a frame appears in a period. The length of a subframe is 1 millisecond, and a starting symbol can be any value from 0 to 13. Table 4 Random access configuration table (first frequency band) Random Access Configuration Index Preamble Format xy Subframe Index Initial OFDM Symbol IFPQNS

[0192] In Table 4,ns™mod v= y .

[0193] For example, when a random access preamble format specified by a random access configuration index is preamble formats 0 to 3, this indicates that the random access configuration period P is a first time value if the random access preamble subcarrier spacing field is 0, and indicates that the period Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 95 / 144 69 / 87 random access configuration P is a second time value if the random access preamble subcarrier spacing field is 1.

[0194] For another example, when a random access preamble format specified by a random access configuration index is a preamble format from 0 to 3, this indicates that Q is the first time value if the random access preamble subcarrier spacing field is 0, and indicates that Q is a second time value if the random access subcarrier spacing field is 1.

[0195] For another example, when a random access preamble format specified by a random access configuration index has preamble formats 0 to 3, this indicates that N is the first time value if the random access preamble subcarrier spacing field is 0, and indicates that N is a second time value if the random access preamble subcarrier spacing field is 1.

[0196] For another example, when a random access preamble format specified by a random access configuration index has preamble formats 0 to 3, this indicates that S is the first time value if the random access preamble subcarrier spacing field is 0, and indicates that S is a second time value if the random access preamble subcarrier spacing field is 1.

[0197] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a communications apparatus 700 according to an embodiment of this application. The apparatus 700 may include a receiver unit 71 and a processing unit 72.

[0198] Receiver unit 71 is configured to obtain downlink synchronization signal block index information, for example, to receive a downlink signal, where the downlink signal carries the synchronization signal block index information.

[0199] Receiver unit 71 is additionally configured to receive information used to indicate an association relationship between a random access RO occasion and a synchronization signal block.

[0200] Processing unit 72 is configured to obtain synchronization signal block index information and the association relationship between a random access RO occasion and a signal block. Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 96 / 144 70 / 87 synchronization from the information received by the receiving unit 71 and access a network device in a corresponding RO with the synchronization signal block index information.

[0201] The association relationship between an RO and a synchronization signal block is at least one of the following: The number of synchronization signal blocks associated with a frequency domain is at least 1 / F, or at most P, where F is the number of frequency domain domain synchronization signals, and P is related to the number of synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted; and / or N synchronization signal blocks or N groups of synchronization signal blocks are associated with a frequency domain RO or all frequency domain ROs; and / or the first RACH features in each X RACH feature setup periods Y are associated with the same synchronization signal blocks when a random access feature setup period is P, where P and X are integers and Y equals P multiplied by X.

[0202] In one implementation, when the association relation is that N synchronization signal blocks or N groups of synchronization signal blocks are associated with a frequency domain RO or are associated with all frequency domain ROs, the receiver unit 71 is additionally configured to receive indication information from the network device, where the indication information is used to indicate that the N synchronization signal blocks or the N groups of synchronization signal blocks are associated with a frequency domain RO, or is used to indicate that the N synchronization signal blocks or the N groups of synchronization signal blocks are associated with all frequency domain ROs.

[0203] In another implementation, when a random access resource configuration period is P, and the first RACH resources in each X RACH resource configuration periods are associated with the same synchronization signal blocks, X is received from the network device or is pre-stored; and / or Y is received from the network device or is pre-stored. Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 97 / 144 71 / 87

[0204] In yet another implementation, a value of Y is 10 ms, 20 ms, 40 ms, 80 ms, 160 ms, 320 ms, or 640 ms.

[0205] In yet another implementation, a value of X is related to a quantity of synchronization signal blocks or a value of X is related to a quantity of random access resources in a random access resource configuration period, or a value of X is 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16.

[0206] In yet another implementation, when a random access resource configuration period is P, and the first random access resources in each X random access resource configuration periods are associated with the same synchronization signal blocks, if there is one or more random access resources remaining, the communications appliance does not access the network device on the remaining random access resource.

[0207] In a further implementation, when a random access resource setup period is P, and the first random access resources in each X random access resource setup periods are associated with the same synchronization signal blocks, if there is one or more remaining random access resources, the one or more remaining random access resources are associated starting from the first synchronization signal block or the last synchronization signal block or a subsequent synchronization signal block from a final synchronization signal block in the previous X periods, or any one or more of the three previous association relationships are used in different X periods.

[0208] In a further implementation, where the association relation is that N synchronization signal blocks or N groups of synchronization signal blocks are associated with a frequency domain RO or are associated with all frequency domain ROs, if a quantity N of synchronization signal blocks or groups of synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted cannot be exactly divided by a quantity, configured by the network device, of synchronization signal blocks associated with a RO, after a quantity of synchronization signal blocks or groups of synchronization signal blocks are Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 98 / 144 72 / 87 associated with a corresponding RO, where the quantity is an integer multiple of the quantity configured by the network device, a remaining synchronization signal block or a group of synchronization signal blocks is associated with one or more other ROs.

[0209] According to the communications apparatus provided in this embodiment of this application, a time-frequency location of a random access resource associated with each downlink synchronization signal is indicated, so that a terminal device obtains, through downlink synchronization, a time-frequency location to send an uplink random access signal, to avoid a blind attempt by the terminal device and a network device beam mismatch from occurring when the network device receives a random access signal, thus improving efficiency.

[0210] Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of another communications apparatus according to an embodiment of this application. Apparatus 800 may include a transmitting unit 81 and a receiving unit 82.

[0211] Sending unit 81 is configured to send downlink synchronization signal block index information to a terminal device, for example, sending unit 81 sends a downlink synchronization signal block, where the synchronization signal block carries downlink signal block index information.

[0212] The sending unit 81 is additionally configured to send information used to indicate an association relationship between a random access resource RO and a synchronization signal block to the terminal device. The sending unit is additionally configured to send RACH random access channel configuration information to the terminal device. For details, see the descriptions in the previous embodiments.

[0213] Receiver unit 82 is configured to receive a random access signal that is sent by the terminal device in a RO corresponding to the synchronization signal block index information.

[0214] According to the communications device supplied in this embodiment of this application, a time-frequency location of a random access resource associated with each synchronization signal is indicated. Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 99 / 144 73 / 87 downlink, so that the terminal device obtains, through downlink synchronization, a time-frequency location to send an uplink random access signal, to avoid a blind attempt by the terminal device and a beam mismatch of a network device from occurring when the network device receives a random access signal, thus improving efficiency.

[0215] Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of yet another communications apparatus according to an embodiment of this application. Apparatus 900 may include a receiving unit 91 and a transmitting unit 92.

[0216] Receiver unit 91 is configured to receive the first information and / or the second information sent by a network device, where the first information is used to instruct the sending of a first uplink signal on a first time-frequency resource; and / or the second information is used to instruct the sending of a second uplink signal on a second time-frequency resource.

[0217] The 92 transmission unit is configured to: when a third time-frequency resource in the first time-frequency resource indicated by the first information is included in the second time-frequency resource indicated by the second information, send the first uplink signal to the network device on a time-frequency resource different from the third time-frequency resource in the first time-frequency resource; or additionally configured to: when a fourth time-frequency resource in the second time-frequency resource indicated by the second information is included in the first time-frequency resource indicated by the first information, send the second uplink signal to the network device on a time-frequency resource different from the fourth time-frequency resource in the second time-frequency resource;or additionally configured for: when a third time-frequency resource on the first time-frequency resource indicated by the initial information overrides a fourth time-frequency resource on the; Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pages 100 / 144 74 / 87 according to the time-frequency resource indicated by the second piece of information, send the first uplink signal to the network device on the first time-frequency resource and / or send the second uplink signal to the network device on the second time-frequency resource.

[0218] In an implementation, the first uplink signal is at least one of the following: a periodic signal, a semistatic signal, a semipersistent signal, a periodic polling reference signal, a periodic demodulation reference signal, a periodic physical uplink shared channel signal, a periodic physical uplink control channel signal, and a dynamic scheduling / setup signal; and the second uplink signal is a random access signal.

[0219] In another implementation, receiver unit 91 is specifically configured to receive, using at least one type of the following information, the first information and / or the second information sent by the network device, where at least one type of the following information includes: system information, radio resource control signaling, a downlink control channel, and a CE MAC media access control element.

[0220] In yet another implementation, the receiving unit 91 is additionally configured to receive third information, where the third information includes a type of uplink signal transmission pre-coding, and the type of uplink signal transmission pre-coding includes a first type and a second type; and the sending unit 92 is additionally configured to send an uplink signal to the network device based on the first information, the second information, and the third information.

[0221] In yet another implementation: When the uplink signal transmission pre-coding type is the first type, and / or the third time-frequency feature in the first time-frequency feature indicated by the first information overlaps with the fourth time-frequency feature in the second time-frequency feature indicated by the second information, the sending unit 92 is additionally configured to send the first uplink signal. Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 101 / 144 75 / 87 for the network device on the first time-frequency resource and / or the sending unit 92 is additionally configured to send the second uplink signal to the network device on the second time-frequency resource; or when the uplink signal transmission pre-coding type is the second type, and the third time-frequency resource on the first time-frequency resource indicated by the first information is included in the second time-frequency resource indicated by the second information, the sending unit 92 is additionally configured to send the first uplink signal to the network device on a time-frequency resource different from the third time-frequency resource on the first time-frequency resource;or when the uplink signal transmission pre-coding type is the second type, and the fourth time-frequency feature in the second time-frequency feature indicated by the second information is included in the first time-frequency feature indicated by the first information, the sending unit 92 is additionally configured to send the second uplink signal to the network device in a time-frequency feature different from the fourth time-frequency feature in the second time-frequency feature.

[0222] According to the communications apparatus provided in this embodiment of this application, a terminal device sends an uplink signal based on time-frequency resource indication information. In this way, a time-frequency resource conflict between uplink signals can be avoided and signal reception performance is improved.

[0223] Figure 10 is a schematic structural diagram of yet another communications apparatus according to an embodiment of this application. Apparatus 1000 may include a transmitting unit 101 and a receiving unit 102.

[0224] The transmission unit 101 is configured to send the first information and / or the second information to a terminal device, where the first information is used to instruct the sending of a first uplink signal on a first time-frequency resource; and / or the Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 102 / 144 76 / 87 second information is used to instruct the sending of a second uplink signal on a second time-frequency resource; and when a third time-frequency resource on the first time-frequency resource indicated by the first information is included in the second time-frequency resource indicated by the second information, the receiver unit 102 is configured to receive the first uplink signal that is sent by the terminal device on a time-frequency resource different from the third time-frequency resource on the first time-frequency resource;or when a fourth time-frequency resource in the second time-frequency resource indicated by the second information is included in the first time-frequency resource indicated by the first information, the receiver unit 102 is configured to receive the second uplink signal that is sent by the terminal device in a time-frequency resource different from the fourth time-frequency resource in the second time-frequency resource;Or when a third time-frequency resource in the first time-frequency resource indicated by the first information overlaps a fourth time-frequency resource in the second time-frequency resource indicated by the second information, receiver unit 102 is configured to receive the first uplink signal sent by the terminal device in the first time-frequency resource and / or receiver unit 102 is configured to receive the second uplink signal sent by the terminal device in the second time-frequency resource. In this respect, the terminal device sends an uplink signal based on the time-frequency resource indication information. In this way, a time-frequency resource conflict between uplink signals can be avoided and the signal reception performance of a network device is improved.

[0225] In one possible implementation, the sending unit 101 is additionally configured to send third-party information to the terminal device, where the third-party information includes a type of uplink signal transmission pre-coding, and the type of uplink signal transmission pre-coding includes a first type and a second type; and the receiving unit 102 is additionally configured to receive an uplink signal that is sent by the terminal device based on Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 103 / 144 77 / 87 in the first reports, in the second reports, and in the third reports.

[0226] In another possible implementation, when the uplink signal transmission precoding type is the first type, and / or the third time-frequency feature in the first time-frequency feature indicated by the first information overlaps the fourth time-frequency feature in the second time-frequency feature indicated by the second information, the receiving unit 102 is configured to receive the first uplink signal that is sent by the terminal device in the first time-frequency feature and / or the receiving unit 102 is configured to receive the second uplink signal that is sent by the terminal device in the second time-frequency feature;or when the uplink signal transmission pre-coding type is the second type, and the third time-frequency resource in the first time-frequency resource indicated by the first information is included in the second time-frequency resource indicated by the second information, receiver unit 102 is configured to receive the first uplink signal that is sent by the terminal device in a time-frequency resource different from the third time-frequency resource in the first time-frequency resource;or when the uplink signal transmission pre-coding type is the second type, and the fourth time-frequency feature in the second time-frequency feature indicated by the second information is included in the first time-frequency feature indicated by the first information, receiver unit 102 is configured to receive the second uplink signal that is sent by the terminal device in a time-frequency feature different from the fourth time-frequency feature in the second time-frequency feature.

[0227] According to the communications apparatus provided in this embodiment of this application, the terminal device sends an uplink signal based on time-frequency resource indication information. In this way, a time-frequency resource conflict between the uplink signals can be avoided and the signal reception performance of the network device is improved.

[0228] The communication device shown in Figure 7 is Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 104 / 144 78 / 87 corresponds to the method modality in Figure 3. The communications apparatus provided in Figure 9 corresponds to the method modality in Figure 5. All descriptions of method modalities are applicable to communications apparatus.

[0229] The communication devices in Figure 3 and Figure 5 of this application may each be a terminal device, or a chip or an integrated circuit mounted in a terminal device.

[0230] The communication device is used as an example of a terminal device. Figure 11 is a simplified schematic structural diagram of a terminal device. For ease of understanding and illustration, in Figure 11, a mobile phone is used as an example of a terminal device. As shown in Figure 11, the terminal device includes a processor, memory, a radio frequency circuit, an antenna, and an input / output device. The processor is primarily configured to: process a communication protocol and communication data, control the terminal device, execute a software program, process data from the software program, and the like. The memory is primarily configured to store the software program and data. The radio frequency circuit is primarily configured to: perform the conversion between a baseband signal and a radio frequency signal, and process the radio frequency signal.The antenna is primarily configured to receive and transmit radio frequency signals in the form of an electromagnetic wave. The input / output device, such as a touchscreen, display, or keyboard, is primarily configured to: receive data entered by a user and send data to the user. It should be noted that some types of terminal devices may not have an input / output device.

[0231] When data needs to be sent, after baseband processing of the data to be sent, the processor emits a baseband signal to the radio frequency circuit. The radio frequency circuit performs radio frequency processing on the baseband signal and sends a radio frequency signal to the outside in the form of an electromagnetic wave using the antenna. When data is sent to the terminal device, the radio frequency circuit receives a radio frequency signal using the antenna, converts the radio frequency signal into Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pages 105 / 144 79 / 87 a baseband signal, and it sends the baseband signal to the processor, and the processor converts the baseband signal into data and processes the data. For ease of description, Figure 11 shows only one memory and processor. In a real terminal device product, there may be one or more processors and one or more memories. Memory may also be referred to as a storage medium, a storage device, or similar. Memory may be arranged independently of the processor or may be integrated into the processor. This is not limited in this embodiment of this application.

[0232] In this embodiment of this application, the antenna and radio frequency circuit that have a receiving and transmitting function may be considered as a receiving unit and a transmitting unit of the terminal device (or may be collectively referred to as a transceiver unit), and the processor having a processing function may be considered as a processing unit of the terminal device. As shown in Figure 11, the terminal device includes a receiving unit 111, a processing unit 112, and a transmitting unit 113. The receiving unit 111 may also be referred to as a receiver, a receiving machine, a receiving circuit, or the like. The transmitting unit 113 may also be referred to as a sender, a transmitter, a transmitting machine, a transmitting circuit, or the like.The processing unit may also be referred to as a processor, processing board, processing module, processing device, or similar.

[0233] For example, in one embodiment, receiver unit 111 is configured to perform S301 and S302 in the embodiment shown in Figure 3. Processing unit 112 is configured to perform S303 in the embodiment shown in Figure 3.

[0234] For example, in another mode, receiving unit 111 is configured to perform S501 in the mode shown in Figure 5. Sending unit 113 is configured to perform S502 in the mode shown in Figure 5.

[0235] One embodiment of this application additionally provides a communications device. The communications device is configured to Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 106 / 144 80 / 87 perform the previous communications method. The above communications method can be implemented wholly or partially by hardware or software. When hardware is used for implementation, in one embodiment, the communications apparatus includes: a receiver, configured to obtain downlink synchronization signal block index information, and additionally configured to receive information used to indicate an association relationship between a random access RO occasion and a synchronization signal block;and a transmitter, configured to access a network device on a corresponding RO for synchronization signal block index information. In another embodiment, the communications apparatus includes: a receiver, configured to receive the first information and / or the second information sent by a network device, where the first information is used to instruct the sending of a first uplink signal on a first time-frequency resource, and / or the second information is used to instruct the sending of a second uplink signal on a second time-frequency resource;and a transmitter, configured to: when a third time-frequency resource in the first time-frequency resource indicated by the first information is included in the second time-frequency resource indicated by the second information, send the first uplink signal to the network device on a time-frequency resource different from the third time-frequency resource in the first time-frequency resource; or additionally configured to: when a fourth time-frequency resource in the second time-frequency resource indicated by the second information is included in the first time-frequency resource indicated by the first information, send the second uplink signal to the network device on a time-frequency resource different from the fourth time-frequency resource in the second time-frequency resource;or additionally configured to: when a third time-frequency resource on the first time-frequency resource indicated by the first information overlaps a fourth time-frequency resource on the second time-frequency resource indicated by the second information, send the first uplink signal to the network device on the first time-frequency resource and / or send the second uplink signal to the network device on the second time-frequency resource. Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 107 / 144 81 / 87

[0236] Optionally, in specific implementations, the communications device may be a chip or an integrated circuit.

[0237] Optionally, when the communication method in the previous embodiment is implemented wholly or partially by software, the communication apparatus includes: a memory configured to store a program; and a processor, configured to execute the program stored by the memory. When the program is executed, the communication apparatus is enabled to implement the communication method provided in the previous embodiment.

[0238] Optionally, the memory can be a physically independent unit or it can be integrated into the processor.

[0239] Optionally, when the communication method in the previous embodiment is wholly or partially implemented by software, the communication device may include only a processor. A memory configured to store a program is located outside the communication device. The processor is connected to the memory via a circuit / wire, and is configured to read and execute the program stored in the memory.

[0240] The processor can be a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), or a combination of a CPU and an NP.

[0241] The processor may additionally include a hardware chip. The aforementioned hardware chip may be an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a combination thereof. The aforementioned PLD may be a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a generic array logic (GAL), or any combination thereof.

[0242] Memory may include volatile memory, for example, random-access memory (RAM). Memory may also include non-volatile memory, for example, flash memory, a hard disk drive (HDD), or a solid-state drive (SSD). Memory may additionally include a combination of memory types. Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 108 / 144 82 / 87 previous.

[0243] The communication device provided in Figure 8 corresponds to the method embodiment in Figure 3. The communication device provided in Figure 10 corresponds to the method embodiment in Figure 5. All descriptions of method embodiments are applicable to communication devices.

[0244] The communications apparatus in this application may be a network device or a chip or an integrated circuit installed in a network device.

[0245] The communications apparatus being a network device is used as an example. Figure 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a simplified network device. The network device includes a radio frequency signal receiving and transmitting part and a part 122, and the radio frequency signal receiving and transmitting part additionally includes a receiver unit part 121 and a transmitter unit part 123 (which are also collectively referred to as a transceiver unit). The radio frequency signal receiving and transmitting part is primarily configured to: perform radio frequency signal receiving and transmitting and perform conversion between a radio frequency signal and a baseband signal. Part 122 is primarily configured to: perform baseband processing, control the network device, and the like.The receiving unit 121 may also be referred to as a receiver, a receiving machine, a receiving circuit, or similar terms. The sending unit 123 may also be referred to as a sender, transmitter, transmitting machine, transmission circuit, or similar terms. Part 122 is generally a control center for the network device, or may generally be referred to as a processing unit, configured to control the network device to perform the steps performed by the network device in Figure 3 or Figure 5. For details, see the descriptions of the related parts.

[0246] Part 122 may include one or more boards. Each board may include one or more processors and one or more memories, and the processor is configured to read and execute a program in memory, implement a baseband processing function, and control the network device. If Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 109 / 144 83 / 87 if there is a plurality of boards, the boards can be interconnected to improve processing capacity. In an optional implementation, alternatively, the plurality of boards can share one or more processors, or the plurality of boards share one or more memories, or the plurality of boards share one or more processors at the same time.

[0247] For example, in one embodiment, the sending unit 123 is configured to execute steps S301 and S302 in the embodiment shown in Figure 3. The receiving unit 121 is configured to perform step S303 in the embodiment shown in Figure 3.

[0248] For example, in another mode, the sending unit 123 is configured to perform step S501 in the mode shown in Figure 5. The receiving unit 121 is configured to perform step S302 in the mode shown in Figure 5.

[0249] One embodiment of this application further provides a communications apparatus. The communications apparatus is configured to perform the foregoing communications method. The above communications method may be implemented wholly or partially by hardware or software. When hardware is used for implementation, in one embodiment, the communications apparatus includes: a transmitter, configured to send downlink synchronization signal block index information to a terminal device, and further configured to send information used to indicate an association relationship between a random access resource RO and a synchronization signal block; and a receiver, configured to receive a random access signal sent by the terminal device on an RO corresponding to the synchronization signal block index information.In another embodiment, the communications apparatus includes: a transmitter, configured to send the first information and / or the second information to a terminal device; and a receiver, configured to: when a third time-frequency resource in a first time-frequency resource indicated by the first information is included in a second time-frequency resource indicated by the second information, receive a first uplink signal sent by the terminal device in a time-frequency resource different from the third time resource. Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 110 / 144 84 / 87 frequency in the first time-frequency resource; or when a fourth time-frequency resource in a second time-frequency resource indicated by the second information is included in a first time-frequency resource indicated by the first information, receive a second uplink signal that is sent by the terminal device in a time-frequency resource different from the fourth time-frequency resource in the second time-frequency resource; or when a third time-frequency resource in a first time-frequency resource indicated by the first information overlaps a fourth time-frequency resource in a second time-frequency resource indicated by the second information, receive a first uplink signal sent by the terminal device in the first time-frequency resource and / or receive a second uplink signal that is sent by the terminal device in the second time-frequency resource.

[0250] Optionally, in specific implementations, the communications device may be a chip or an integrated circuit.

[0251] Optionally, when the communication method in the previous embodiment is implemented wholly or partially by software, the communication apparatus includes: a memory configured to store a program; and a processor, configured to execute the program stored by the memory. When the program is executed, the communication apparatus is enabled to implement the communication method provided in the previous embodiment.

[0252] Optionally, the memory can be a physically independent unit, or it can be integrated into the processor.

[0253] Optionally, when the communication method in the previous embodiment is wholly or partially implemented by software, the communication device may include only a processor. A memory configured to store a program is located outside the communication device. The processor is connected to the memory via a circuit / wire, and is configured to read and execute the program stored in the memory.

[0254] The processor can be a CPU, an NP, or a combination of a CPU and an NP.

[0255] The processor may additionally include a chip for Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 111 / 144 85 / 87 hardware. The hardware chip can be an ASIC, a PLD, or a combination thereof. The PLD can be a CPLD, an FPGA, a GAL, or any combination thereof.

[0256] Memory may include volatile memory, such as RAM. Alternatively, memory may include non-volatile memory, such as flash memory, a hard disk drive, or a solid-state drive. Alternatively, memory may include a combination of the above memory types.

[0257] A person skilled in the art may be aware that the units and steps of the algorithm in the examples described with reference to the embodiments disclosed in this specification may be implemented by electronic hardware or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether the functions are performed by hardware or software depends on specific applications and design constraints of the technical solutions. A person skilled in the art may use different methods to implement the functions described for each particular application, but it should not be considered that the implementation goes beyond the scope of this application.

[0258] It may be clearly understood by a person skilled in the art that, for the purposes of convenient and brief description, for a detailed working process of the system, apparatus and unit, refer to a corresponding process in the method modalities. The details are not described here again.

[0259] In the various embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, apparatus, and method may be implemented in other ways. For example, the described apparatus embodiment is merely an example. For example, unit division is merely logical function division and may be another division in the actual implementation. For example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not implemented. Additionally, the mutual couplings, direct couplings, or communication connections shown or discussed may be implemented using some interfaces. Indirect couplings or communication connections between the apparatuses or units may be implemented in electronic, mechanical, or other forms. Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 112 / 144 86 / 87

[0260] The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and the parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one position or may be distributed across a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units may be selected based on the actual requirements to achieve the objectives of the modal solutions.

[0261] In addition, the functional units in the modalities of this application may be integrated into a processing unit, or each of the units may exist physically on its own, or two or more units may be integrated into a unit.

[0262] All or some of the foregoing embodiments may be implemented by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When software is used to implement the embodiments, the embodiments may be implemented wholly or partially in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on the computer, the procedure or functions according to the embodiments of this application are wholly or partially generated. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a dedicated computer, a computer network, or other programmable apparatus. The computer instructions may be stored on computer-readable storage media or may be transmitted using computer-readable storage media.Computer instructions can be transmitted from one site, computer, server, or data center to another site, computer, server, or data center in a wired manner (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, or digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wirelessly (e.g., infrared, radio, or microwave). Computer-readable storage media can be any usable media accessible by a computer or a data storage device, such as a server or data center, integrating one or more usable media. Usable media can be magnetic media (e.g., a floppy disk, hard disk, or magnetic tape), optical media (e.g., a digital versatile disc (DVD)), or semiconductor media (e.g., a drive)... Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 113 / 144 87 / 87 solid state drive (SSD) or similar.

[0263] A person with normal knowledge of the art can understand that all or some of the processes of the methods in the embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The program can be stored on a computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the program can include the procedures of the preceding method embodiments. The preceding storage medium includes: any media that can store program code, such as read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk. Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pages 114 / 144

Claims

1 / 15 CLAIMS 1. Communications apparatus, CHARACTERIZED in that it comprises: a receiver unit, configured to receive at least one block of synchronization signals, information used to indicate a mapping relationship between a block of synchronization signals and a random access occasion, and random access channel configuration (RACH) information;and a processing unit, configured to determine a random access association period Y based on information received by the receiving unit, wherein the random access association period Y comprises X random access configuration periods P, and a value of X is 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 and the value of X is based on the following parameters: a number of synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted in a frame medium, a number of synchronization signal blocks mapped to a random access occasion, and a number of random access occasions in a random access resource configuration period.

2. Apparatus, according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED in that the mapping relationship between a synchronization signal block and a random access occasion further comprises at least one of the following: a quantity of synchronization signal blocks mapped to a random access occasion is at least 1 / F or is at most D, wherein F is a quantity of random access occasions in the frequency domain and D relates to a quantity of synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted; and / or N synchronization signal blocks are mapped to one random access occasion in the frequency domain or are mapped to all random access occasions in the frequency domain.

3. Device, according to claim 1 or 2, CHARACTERIZED in that the information used to indicate a mapping relationship between a synchronization signal block and a random access occasion comprises the number of synchronization signal blocks mapped to a random access occasion.

4. Device according to claim 3, CHARACTERIZED in that a number of random access preambles associated with a synchronization signal block is received from the network device and corresponds to the number of synchronization signal blocks mapped to a random access occasion.

5. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, CHARACTERIZED in that X is received from the network device or is pre-stored; and / or Y is received from the network device or is pre-stored.

6. Apparatus, according to any one of claims 1 to 5, CHARACTERIZED in that a value of the random access association period Y is 10 ms, 20 ms, 40 ms, 80 ms, or 160 ms.

7. Device, according to any one of claims 1 to 6, CHARACTERIZED in that if there are one or more remaining random access occasions in the random access association period Y while each of the synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted in the frame medium is mapped to a random access occasion in the random access association period Y for the same times and the one or more remaining random access occasions do not support all synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted in the frame medium being mapped to one or more remaining random access occasions once, the remaining random access occasions are not used to access the network device.

8. Apparatus, according to any one of claims 1 to 6, CHARACTERIZED in that if there are one or more remaining random access occasions in the random access association period Y while each of the synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted in the frame medium is mapped to a random access occasion in the random access association period Y for the same times and the one or more remaining random access occasions do not support that all synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted in the frame medium are mapped to one or more remaining random access occasions once, the one or more remaining random access occasions are not mapped to any synchronization signal block.

9. Apparatus, according to any one of claims 1 to 8, CHARACTERIZED in that each of the synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted in the frame is mapped to a random access occasion in the random access association period Y for the same times as there are no remaining random access occasions in the random access association period Y or one or more remaining random access occasions in the random access association period Y do not support that all synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted in the frame are mapped to one or more remaining random access occasions at once.

10. Apparatus, according to any one of claims 1 to 9, CHARACTERIZED in that the number of random access occasions in a random access setting period P is 1, 2, 4, or 8.

11. Apparatus, according to any one of claims 1 to 10, CHARACTERIZED in that the number of frequency division multiplexing random access occasions is 1, 2, 4 or 8.

12. Device according to claim 11, CHARACTERIZED in that the number of random access occasions of frequency division multiplexing is received from the network device.

13. Apparatus, according to any one of claims 1 to 12, CHARACTERIZED in that the RACH configuration information comprises a physical random access channel configuration index (PRACH) and a random access preamble subcarrier spacing.

14. Apparatus, according to claim 13, CHARACTERIZED in that the PRACH configuration index indicates one or more of the following items: a preamble format, a random access configuration period, a frame in which a random access feature is located, a subframe index, and an initial orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol.

15. Device, according to any one of claims 1 to 14, CHARACTERIZED in that a maximum number of synchronization signal blocks mapped to a random access occasion is 8 or 16.

16. Apparatus, according to any one of claims 1 to 15, CHARACTERIZED in that when a quantity of synchronization signal blocks associated with a random access occasion is N, and a quantity of contention-based or non-contention-based random access preambles or all random access preambles in a random access occasion is N1, a quantity N2 of random access preambles mapped to a synchronization signal block is no greater than floor(N1 / N) or N1 / N, wherein floor indicates rounding down to the nearest integer; wherein a value of N1 is any one or more values ​​among 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, 40, 44, 48, 52, 56, 60, 64, 128, and 256.

17. Apparatus, according to any one of claims 1 to 16, CHARACTERIZED in that the processing unit is configured to determine a granularity of a number of random access preambles based on the number of synchronization signal blocks mapped to a random access occasion, where the random access preamble is used to access the network device.

18. Apparatus, according to any one of claims 1 to 17, CHARACTERIZED in that in a random access association period Y, blocks of synchronization signals or groups of blocks of synchronization signals are cyclically mapped to random access occasions.

19. Apparatus, according to any one of claims 1 to 18, CHARACTERIZED in that in different random access association periods Y, the first random access occasion is associated with the same block of synchronization signals.

20. Communication method, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that it comprises: obtaining information on the synchronization signal block index; receiving information used to indicate a mapping relationship between a random access occasion and a synchronization signal block; and accessing a network device based on information about the mapping relationship using a mapped random access occasion. Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, p.118 / 144 5 / 15 for synchronization signal block index information; wherein in a random access association period Y, the synchronization signal block is mapped to the random access occasion, the random access association period Y comprises X random access configuration periods P, and a value of X is 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 and the value of X is based on the following parameters: a quantity of synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted in a frame medium, a quantity of synchronization signal blocks mapped to a random access occasion, and a quantity of random access occasions in a random access resource configuration period.

21. Method according to claim 20, CHARACTERIZED in that the mapping relationship between a synchronization signal block and a random access occasion further comprises at least one of the following: a quantity of synchronization signal blocks mapped to a random access occasion is at least 1 / F or is at most D, where F is a quantity of random access occasions in the frequency domain and D is related to a quantity of synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted; and / or N synchronization signal blocks are mapped to one random access occasion in the frequency domain or are mapped to all random access occasions in the frequency domain.

22. Method, according to claim 20 or 21, CHARACTERIZED in that the information used to indicate a mapping relationship between a block of synchronization signals and a random access occasion comprises the number of blocks of synchronization signals mapped to a random access occasion.

23. Method according to claim 22, CHARACTERIZED in that a number of random access preambles associated with a synchronization signal block is received from the network device and corresponds to the number of synchronization signal blocks mapped to a random access occasion.

24. Method, according to any one of claims 20 to 23, Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, page 119 / 144 6 / 15 CHARACTERIZED in that X is received from the network device or is pre-stored; and / or Y is received from the network device or is pre-stored.

25. Method, according to any one of claims 20 to 24, CHARACTERIZED in that a value of the random access association period Y is 10 ms, 20 ms, 40 ms, 80 ms, or 160 ms.

26. A method according to any one of claims 20 to 25, characterized in that if there are one or more remaining random access occasions in the random access association period Y, while each of the synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted in the frame is mapped to a random access occasion in the random access association period Y for the same times, and the one or more remaining random access occasions do not support all synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted in the frame being mapped to one or more remaining random access occasions once, the remaining random access occasions are not used to access the network device.

27. A method according to any one of claims 20 to 25, characterized in that if there are one or more remaining random access occasions in the random access association period Y, while each of the synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted in the frame is mapped to a random access occasion in the random access association period Y for the same times, and the one or more remaining random access occasions do not support all synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted in the frame being mapped to one or more remaining random access occasions once, the one or more remaining random access occasions are not mapped to any synchronization signal block.

28. Method, according to any one of claims 20 to 25, CHARACTERIZED in that each of the synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted in the frame medium is mapped to a random access occasion in the random access association period Y for the same times as there are no remaining random access occasions in the random access association period Y or one or more remaining random access occasions in the random access association period Y. Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, p. 120 / 144 7 / 15.

29. A method according to any one of claims 20 to 28, characterized in that the number of random access occasions in a random access setting period P is 1, 2, 4, or 8.

30. A method according to any one of claims 20 to 28, characterized in that the number of random access occasions of frequency division multiplexing is 1, 2, 4, or 8.

31. Method according to claim 30, CHARACTERIZED in that the number of random access occasions of frequency division multiplexing is received from the network device.

32. Method, according to any one of claims 20 to 31, CHARACTERIZED in that a maximum number of synchronization signal blocks mapped to a random access occasion is 8 or 16.

33. A method according to any one of claims 20 to 32, characterized in that when a quantity of synchronization signal blocks mapped to a random access occasion is N, and a quantity of contention-based or non-contention-based random access preambles or all random access preambles in a random access occasion is N1, a quantity N2 of random access preambles mapped to a synchronization signal block is no greater than floor(N1 / N) or N1 / N, wherein floor indicates rounding down to the nearest integer; wherein a value of N1 is any one or more values ​​among 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, 40, 44, 48, 52, 56, 60, 64, 128, and 256.

34. A method according to any one of claims 20 to 33, characterized in that the method further comprises: determining a granularity of a number of random access preambles based on the number of synchronization signal blocks mapped to a random access occasion, wherein the random access preamble is used to access the network device.

35. Method, according to any one of claims 20 to 34, CHARACTERIZED in that in a random access association period Y, blocks of synchronization signals or groups of blocks of synchronization signals are cyclically mapped to random access occasions.

36. Method, according to any one of claims 20 to 35, CHARACTERIZED in that at different random access association periods, the first random access occasion is associated with the synchronization signal block.

37. A method according to any one of claims 20 to 36, CHARACTERIZED in that the RACH configuration information comprises a physical random access channel configuration index (PRACH) and a random access preamble subcarrier spacing.

38. Method according to claim 37, CHARACTERIZED in that the PRACH configuration index indicates one or more of the following items: a preamble format, a random access configuration period, a frame in which a random access feature is located, a subframe index, and an initial orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFMD) symbol.

39. Computer storage media, CHARACTERIZED in that the computer storage media stores instructions, and when the instructions are executed by an apparatus, the apparatus is enabled to perform the method as defined in any one of claims 20 to 38.

40. Communications apparatus, CHARACTERIZED in that it comprises: a sending unit, configured to send at least one block of synchronization signals, information used to indicate a mapping relationship between a block of synchronization signals and a random access occasion, and random access channel configuration (RACH) information; and a receiving unit, configured to receive an access request from a terminal device within a random access association period Y, wherein the random access association period Y comprises X Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, p.122 / 144 9 / 15 random access configuration periods P, and a value of X is 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 and the value of X is based on the following parameters: a number of synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted in a frame medium, a number of synchronization signal blocks mapped to a random access occasion, a number of random access occasions in a random access feature configuration period.

41. Apparatus, according to claim 40, CHARACTERIZED in that the mapping relationship between a synchronization signal block and a random access occasion further comprises at least one of the following: a quantity of synchronization signal blocks mapped to a random access occasion is at least 1 / F or is at most D, wherein F is a quantity of random access occasions in the frequency domain and D relates to a quantity of synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted; and / or N synchronization signal blocks are mapped to one random access occasion in the frequency domain or are mapped to all random access occasions in the frequency domain.

42. Apparatus, according to claim 40 or 41, CHARACTERIZED in that the information used to indicate a mapping relationship between a block of synchronization signals and a random access occasion comprises the number of blocks of synchronization signals mapped to a random access occasion.

43. Device according to claim 42, CHARACTERIZED in that a number of random access preambles associated with a synchronization signal block is received from the network device and corresponds to the number of synchronization signal blocks mapped to a random access occasion.

44. Device according to any one of claims 40 to 43, CHARACTERIZED in that X is received from the network device or is pre-stored; and / or Y is received from the network device or is pre-stored.

45. Device, according to any of the claims in Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 123 / 144 10 / 15 44, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that a value of the random access association period Y is 10 ms, 20 ms, 40 ms, 80 ms, or 160 ms.

46. ​​Apparatus, according to any one of claims 40 to 45, CHARACTERIZED in that if there are one or more remaining random access occasions in the random access association period Y while each of the synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted in the frame medium is mapped to a random access occasion in the random access association period Y for the same times and the one or more remaining random access occasions do not support all synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted in the frame medium being mapped to one or more remaining random access occasions once, the remaining random access occasions are not used to access the network device.

47. Apparatus, according to any one of claims 40 to 45, CHARACTERIZED in that if there are one or more remaining random access occasions in the random access association period Y while each of the synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted in the frame is mapped to a random access occasion in the random access association period Y for the same times and the one or more remaining random access occasions do not support that all synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted in the frame are mapped to one or more remaining random access occasions once, the one or more remaining random access occasions are not mapped to any synchronization signal block.

48. Apparatus, according to any one of claims 40 to 45, CHARACTERIZED in that each of the synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted in the frame medium is mapped to a random access occasion in the random access association period Y for the same times as there are no remaining random access occasions in the random access association period Y or one or more remaining random access occasions in the random access association period Y do not support that all synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted in the frame medium are mapped to one or more remaining random access occasions at once. Petition 870250121493, 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 124 / 144 11 / 15 49. Apparatus, according to any one of claims 40 to 48, CHARACTERIZED in that the number of random access occasions in a random access setting period P is 1, 2, 4, or 8.

50. Apparatus, according to any one of claims 40 to 48, CHARACTERIZED in that the number of frequency division multiplexing random access occasions is 1, 2, 4 or 8.

51. Device according to claim 50, CHARACTERIZED in that the number of frequency division multiplexing random access occasions received from the network device.

52. Apparatus, according to any one of claims 40 to 51, CHARACTERIZED in that the RACH configuration information comprises a physical random access channel configuration index, a PRACH configuration index, and a random access preamble subcarrier spacing.

53. Apparatus according to claim 52, CHARACTERIZED in that the PRACH configuration index indicates one or more of the following items: a preamble format, a random access configuration period, a frame in which a random access feature is located, a subframe index, and an initial orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol.

54. Apparatus, according to any one of claims 40 to 53, CHARACTERIZED in that a maximum number of synchronization signal blocks mapped to a random access occasion is 8 or 16.

55. Apparatus, according to any one of claims 40 to 54, CHARACTERIZED in that in a random access association period Y, blocks of synchronization signals or groups of blocks of synchronization signals are cyclically mapped to random access occasions.

56. Apparatus, according to any one of claims 40 to 55, CHARACTERIZED in that in different random access association periods Y, the first random access occasion is associated with the same block of synchronization signals.

57. Method of communication, CHARACTERIZED by the fact that Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, page.125 / 144 12 / 15 comprises: sending at least one synchronization signal block, information used to indicate a mapping relationship between a synchronization signal block and a random access occasion, and random access channel configuration (RACH) information; and receiving an access request from a terminal device in a random access association period Y, wherein the random access association period Y comprises X random access configuration periods P, and a value of X is 1, 2, 4, 8, and or 16 and the value of X is based on the following parameters: a number of synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted in a frame, a number of synchronization signal blocks mapped to a random access occasion, and a number of random access occasions in a random access resource configuration period.

58. Method according to claim 57, CHARACTERIZED in that the mapping relationship between a synchronization signal block and a random access occasion further comprises at least one of the following: a quantity of synchronization signal blocks mapped to a random access occasion is at least 1 / F or is at most D, where F is a quantity of random access occasions in the frequency domain and D is related to a quantity of synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted; and / or N synchronization signal blocks are mapped to one random access occasion in the frequency domain or are mapped to all random access occasions in the frequency domain.

59. Method, according to claim 57 or 58, CHARACTERIZED in that the information used to indicate a mapping relationship between a block of synchronization signals and a random access occasion comprises the number of blocks of synchronization signals mapped to a random access occasion.

60. Method, according to claim 59, CHARACTERIZED in that a quantity of random access preambles associated with a synchronization signal block is received from the network device and corresponds to the quantity of synchronization signal blocks mapped to a random access occasion.

61. A method according to any one of claims 57 to 60, characterized in that X is received from the network device or is pre-stored; and / or Y is received from the network device or is pre-stored.

62. Method, according to any one of claims 57 to 61, CHARACTERIZED in that a value of the random access association period Y is 10 ms, 20 ms, 40 ms, 80 ms, or 160 ms.

63. A method according to any one of claims 57 to 62, characterized in that if there are one or more remaining random access occasions in the random access association period Y, while each of the synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted in the frame is mapped to a random access occasion in the random access association period Y for the same times, and the one or more remaining random access occasions do not support all the synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted in the frame being mapped to one or more remaining random access occasions once, the remaining random access occasions are not used to access the network device.

64. A method according to any one of claims 57 to 62, characterized in that if there are one or more remaining random access occasions in the random access association period Y, while each of the synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted in the frame is mapped to a random access occasion in the random access association period Y for the same times, and the one or more remaining random access occasions do not support all synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted in the frame being mapped to one or more remaining random access occasions once, the one or more remaining random access occasions are not mapped to any synchronization signal block.

65. Method, according to any one of claims 57 to 62, CHARACTERIZED in that each of the synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted in the frame medium is mapped to a random access occasion in the random access association period Y for the same times while there are no remaining random access occasions in the random access association period Y or one or more remaining random access occasions in the random access association period Y do not support that all synchronization signal blocks actually transmitted in the frame medium are mapped to one or more remaining random access occasions at once.

66. Method, according to any one of claims 57 to 65, CHARACTERIZED in that the number of random access occasions in a random access setting period P is 1, 2, 4, or 8.

67. A method according to any one of claims 57 to 66, characterized in that the number of random access occasions of frequency division multiplexing is 1, 2, 4, or 8.

68. Method according to claim 67, CHARACTERIZED in that the number of random access occasions of frequency division multiplexing is received from the network device.

69. Method, according to any one of claims 57 to 68, CHARACTERIZED in that the RACH configuration information comprises a physical random access channel configuration index, a PRACH configuration index, and a random access preamble subcarrier spacing.

70. Method according to claim 69, CHARACTERIZED in that the PRACH configuration index indicates one or more of the following items: a preamble format, a random access configuration period, a frame in which a random access feature is located, a subframe index, and an initial orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol.

71. A method according to any one of claims 57 to 70, characterized in that a maximum number of synchronization signal blocks mapped to a random access occasion is 8 or 16.

72. Method, according to any one of claims 57 to 71, CHARACTERIZED in that in a random access association period Y, blocks of synchronization signals or groups of blocks of synchronization signals are cyclically mapped to random access occasions. Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 128 / 144 15 / 15 73. Method, according to any one of claims 57 to 72, CHARACTERIZED in that at different random access association periods Y, the first random access occasion is associated with the same block of synchronization signals.

74. Computer storage media, CHARACTERIZED in that the computer storage media stores instructions, and when the instructions are executed by an apparatus, the apparatus is enabled to perform the method as defined in any of claims 57 to 73. Petition 870250121493, dated 12 / 30 / 2025, pp. 129 / 144

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