Disposal at a factory waste disposal site and method for mixing a paste used in disposal at a factory waste disposal site

Abstract

Arrangement and method for mixing a paste in a waste disposal site. An arrangement and method for mixing and handling industrial sidestream materials. The mixer (6) is arranged on a mobile work machine (5) and is used to mix at least two sidestream materials to form a geopolymer. The sidestream materials are processed between a waste pile (4) and a melting area (13) in the mixer (6). The molten paste is allowed to harden and then crushed to obtain an earth-forming material.

Description

1 / 24 “DISPOSAL AT A FACTORY WASTE DISPOSAL SITE, AND METHOD FOR MIXING A PASTE USED IN DISPOSAL AT A FACTORY WASTE DISPOSAL SITE” Background of the invention

[0001] The invention relates to an arrangement and method for mixing and manipulating laterally flowing materials.

[0002] The object of the invention is described in more detail in the preambles of the independent claims of the application.

[0003] Large quantities of industrial side-flow materials, such as asbestos, slag, and precipitates, are formed in industry. These materials are often difficult to utilize due to their component content. Furthermore, handling these side-flow materials has been found to be challenging. Consequently, side-flow materials are difficult to utilize and sometimes even need to be disposed of in waste piles. Production plants incur significant costs and environmental risks due to waste. Brief description of the invention

[0004] The idea of ​​the invention is to provide a new and improved arrangement and method for mixing and manipulating industrial lateral flow materials.

[0005] The characteristic features of the method according to the invention are presented in the characterization part of the claim of the independent device.

[0006] The characteristic features of the method according to the invention are presented in the characterization part of the independent method claim.

[0007] The idea of ​​the proposed solution is that by Petition 870260053860, dated 03 / 06 / 2026, page 6 / 70 2 / 24 less an industrial side-flow material is mixed by means of a mixer connected to a mobile work machine. Thus, the solution utilizes a mobile mixer.

[0008] One advantage of the proposed solution is that a mixer unit consisting of a working machine and a mixer is a small investment and functionally very flexible. It is easy to scale the solution by increasing the number of units. In addition, the solution is very simple and does not require massive equipment. It is not necessary to build any new fixed infrastructure at a factory waste disposal site or a corresponding work site due to the proposed solution.

[0009] Furthermore, an advantage of the proposed new method is that the difficult-to-handle lateral flow materials can be processed at a factory waste disposal site into a form where their transport by normal means of transport to a place of use is efficient and safe. In the method, the slurry can be formed in the mixer into a batch of slurry ready for casting in one operation.

[0010] The proposed solution is suitable for manufacturing and handling on an industrial scale, and the end product can be an industrial product. Geopolymers can be manufactured from industrial side flows using the solution at the same rate as the side flows are being produced.

[0011] Note that, in this application, a geopolymer can also mean an alkali-activated material. In light of current knowledge, a geopolymer and an alkali-activated material mean the same material. Petition 870260053860, dated 03 / 06 / 2026, page 7 / 70 3 / 24 In this type of material, silicon dioxide (SiO2) and aluminum oxide (Al2O3) react and form a solid structure resistant to compression. Geopolymers are sometimes also referred to in the literature as a subset of alkali-activated materials. In this type of material, silicon dioxide (SiO2) and aluminum oxide (Al2O3) are instrumental in the formation of so-called geopolymer cement, which is a cement-like binder. Geopolymer cement can be used in the manufacture of a concrete-like material resistant to compression.

[0012] Furthermore, it can be stated that a geopolymer is a cementitious binder that can be used to manufacture a concrete-like material, and that it is produced from a material containing silicon and aluminum, for example, a lateral flow material under alkaline conditions, i.e., high pH. A strong, concrete-like material produced in a reaction of industrial mineral lateral flows and alkaline components is also generally called a geopolymer. Alkaline components, such as sodium-based solutions, are used as reactive agents in manufacturing.

[0013] The idea of ​​one embodiment is that the mixer is designed and intended for mixing industrial side-flowing materials in the manufacture of a geopolymer. The mixer comprises a hopper portion for loading and transferring the side-flowing material. The hopper portion thus forms a space into which additives can be loaded and fed. In addition, the mixer comprises a mixing apparatus for mixing the side-flowing material that has been loaded into the space delimited by the hopper portion. Petition 870260053860, dated 03 / 06 / 2026, page 8 / 70 4 / 24 bucket. The mixer can be connected to a suitable working machine by means of a connecting device. Typically, the working machine has a rod to which the mixer can be connected so that it can be moved in various ways by means of joints and actuators on the rod. The connecting device allows the mixer to be removed, whereby the working machine can sometimes be used for other working tasks, for example, as proposed in this application, to load a geopolymer extraction material into a crusher, as well as to load crushed material. The mixer can also be removed during maintenance and repair time.

[0014] The idea of ​​one embodiment is that the mixer mentioned above is pushable or forced by means of the working machine onto a pile formed by dumped material to load the material to be handled into the mixer. Thus, no separate loading equipment is required and the operation is efficient. Furthermore, the configuration is advantageous when the lateral flow material is in a particularly difficult to handle form.

[0015] The idea of ​​one embodiment is that the mixer is a bucket-type device where the volume of the bucket part is at least 1 m3. The volume of the mixer can be 5 - 7 m3 or even more.

[0016] The idea of ​​one embodiment is that the mixer hopper portion is an open-top structure in which the mixer is arranged to receive material from an overhead feed or mixing station. In this way, the mixer can simply be inserted under a hopper, dispenser, or feeder. The mixing can, Petition 870260053860, dated 03 / 06 / 2026, page 9 / 70 5 / 24 therefore, it is quick and efficient when done directly in the mixer, without intermediate steps and additional equipment.

[0017] The idea of ​​one embodiment is that the mixer can be tiltable from a mixing position to a discharge position, wherein the discharge position of the paste located in the mixer is arranged to flow out of the hopper part by the effect of gravity. The materials from the lateral flow can, among themselves, as well as possible mixtures and water, form a paste similar to dough or viscous, whose discharge without tipping is difficult.

[0018] The idea of ​​one embodiment is that the mixer has a horizontal mixing position and can be tilted downwards relative to the mixing position. The discharge position can be some predetermined downward inclined angular position. The mixer can be tilted so that its bottom is arranged in a vertical direction and, furthermore, the mixer can, in some cases, be tilted over the vertical tilt position, i.e., almost upside down. In this way, the discharge of paste-like, malleable pastes that are difficult to handle can be facilitated. It is also possible to swing or oscillate the mixer during mixing to facilitate mixing.

[0019] The idea of ​​one embodiment is that between the mixer and a free end of the working machine shaft there is a tilting device to tilt the mixer to the discharge position.

[0020] The idea of ​​a modality is that the Petition 870260053860, dated 03 / 06 / 2026, page 10 / 70 The 6 / 24 mixer is tilted to the discharge position by means of the articulation of the working machine rod.

[0021] The idea of ​​one embodiment is that the mixer comprises a tilting device whereby the hopper part can be tilted relative to a pivot joint from the mixing position to the discharge position.

[0022] The idea of ​​one embodiment is that the mixer's mixing apparatus is operable during discharge. This can significantly facilitate paste formation from laterally flowing materials that are difficult to handle. For example, a paste comprising mainly green liquor precipitate may be a viscous or dough-like material, the discharge of which by pouring or depositing alone may be difficult or even impossible.

[0023] The idea of ​​one embodiment is that the mixer comprises at least one vibrating device to facilitate the unloading of the hopper portion.

[0024] The idea of ​​an embodiment is that the mixer comprises at least one vibrating device that is operable not only during unloading, but also during mixing, to facilitate mixing.

[0025] The idea of ​​one embodiment is that the said vibrating device comprises a rotating eccentric body. Alternatively, the vibrating device may comprise an impact device.

[0026] The idea of ​​an embodiment is that the mixer comprises at least one measuring device for determining the properties of the material in the mixer. Petition 870260053860, dated 03 / 06 / 2026, p. 11 / 70 7 / 24 Measurement data from a measuring unit can be transmitted via a wireless data communication connection to the mixing station, through which the system can calculate in advance the amount of mixing required based on the measurement data obtained. The system can also prepare mixing batches in advance so that operation at the mixing station is as smooth and efficient as possible.

[0027] The idea of ​​one embodiment is that the mixer comprises at least one weighing device to determine the mass of the material loaded into the hopper section. Alternatively, the weighing device may be provided in conjunction with the working machine, for example, on the rod or shafts. Thus, real-time data is obtained on the weight of the material being handled and the paste.

[0028] The idea of ​​an embodiment is that the mixer comprises at least one measuring device for determining the moisture content of the material in the mixer. Based on the moisture data, additional wetting at the mixing station can be adjusted as needed, and additionally the moisture data can be used to adjust the amount of other mixtures.

[0029] The idea of ​​an embodiment is that the mixer comprises at least one measuring device for determining the force required for mixing. The properties of the paste being mixed, such as structure, plasticity, moisture, and homogeneity, can be determined from the force resisting mixing.

[0030] The idea of ​​a modality is that the mixer comprises at least one camera for inspection Petition 870260053860, dated 03 / 06 / 2026, page 12 / 70 8 / 24 visually assess the composition of the folder. The visual data from the camera can be transmitted to a machine operator, an operator working at a monitoring station, or a specialist.

[0031] The idea of ​​one embodiment is that the mixer comprises at least one horizontal mixer shaft that is rotatable by means of a rotary motor about its longitudinal axis. The mixer shaft is provided with a plurality of mixer blades having mixing surfaces at an angular position relative to the longitudinal direction of the mixer shaft.

[0032] One embodiment is that the rotating motor for turning the mixer shaft is a hydraulic motor. In working machine shafts, hydraulic power is readily available. Furthermore, the rotating motor and power transmission can be arranged outside the hopper section, separately from the materials being mixed.

[0033] The idea of ​​one embodiment is that the mixer comprises two horizontal mixer shafts that are rotatable by means of at least one rotary motor about their longitudinal geometric axes. The directions of rotation of the mixer shafts are opposite to each other and each of the mixer shafts is provided with a plurality of mixer blades having mixing surfaces at an angle to the longitudinal direction of the mixer shaft. The mixer blades of the adjacent mixer shafts are provided in axially different locations from each other, so that the mixer blades of the adjacent mixer shafts are partially Petition 870260053860, dated 03 / 06 / 2026, page 13 / 70 9 / 24 overlapping. This type of twin-shaft mixer was found to be particularly efficient in mixing side-flowing materials.

[0034] The idea of ​​one embodiment is that the upper surface of the bottom of the mixer bucket section is shaped to correspond to the one or two mixer shafts mentioned above with mixing elements. Thus, the bottom may comprise one or two arched lower sections on the mixer shafts. The shape of the bottom may also affect mixing efficiency to some degree.

[0035] The idea of ​​one embodiment is that the mixer unit comprises a mobile working machine and a mixer connected to a shaft of the same. The working machine can be a loader. As the mixer is connected to the working machine, it is functionally a very flexible mobile unit. If necessary, two or more units can operate at a corresponding factory waste disposal site or workplace, so that the system is easily scalable.

[0036] The idea of ​​one embodiment is that the mixer is connected to an excavator, a forklift, a telescopic handler, a tractor or other independently mobile and controllable work machine or vehicle comprising a mobile chassis.

[0037] The idea of ​​one embodiment is that the mixer unit is an independently controllable mobile device. In some cases, control of the mixer unit may be provided by means of a manned remote control. Furthermore, the operation of the mixer units Petition 870260053860, dated 03 / 06 / 2026, page 14 / 70 10 / 24 shifts operating in a workspace can be automated, and may even operate in an unmanned mode.

[0038] The idea of ​​a particular embodiment is that the mixing of feed materials and substances is carried out primarily during the transfer from the mixer. In other words, mixing is carried out during the transfer from the mixing station to a discharge location and therefore there is no need for stationary mixing.

[0039] The idea of ​​an embodiment is that the solution relates to a disposal at a factory waste disposal site. The disposal comprises at least one waste pile of a first industrial lateral flow material. This first lateral flow material may be the main component of the mixture being formed. The disposal further comprises at least one mobile work machine that is equipped with a mixer. The work machine is arranged to remove said first industrial lateral flow material directly with the mixer from said waste pile for handling by the mixer. In this way, no separate device is required for loading. The disposal also comprises a mixing station that has at least one first feeding device to feed a second industrial lateral flow material into the mixer of the work machine.The mixing device mixes said lateral flow materials, whereby a hardenable geopolymer paste is formed, which is discharged after mixing into a casting area where said lateral flow materials continue to react and... Petition 870260053860, dated 03 / 06 / 2026, page 15 / 70 11 / 24 The produced material begins to harden. Hardening is allowed to continue at least until a partial hardness is achieved, at which point the material has adequate resistance to crushing. Discharge can be described as melting the paste into a dough-like consistency, so that a desired formation can be created from the paste. In the proposed arrangement, the material to be handled is kept in the mixer of the working machine throughout the handling process, from the waste pile to the casting area. The proposed arrangement is logistically efficient and requires only minor investments.

[0040] The idea of ​​a modality is that the arrangement is free of other transfer devices besides the said work machine between the waste pile and the foundry area.

[0041] The idea of ​​one embodiment is that the work machine equipped with the mixer is a multifunctional device that is arranged to operate as a loading, transfer, mixing and melting device between the waste pile and the melting area.

[0042] The idea behind one embodiment is that the mixing unit, mixing station, and crushing device, as described in this document, can be mobile devices that can be easily transferred even to different work sites and factory waste disposal sites. It is, for example, possible that a chain of machines formed by said devices can circulate between different work sites operated by a contractor, thus the utilization rate of the equipment is very high.

[0043] The idea of ​​a modality is that a Petition 870260053860, dated 03 / 06 / 2026, page 16 / 70 12 / 24 large quantities of paste batches formed by the mixer are discharged into a uniform hardenable structure. In other words, through discharge, an artificial rock or large mounds, heaps or hardenable staples will be fused as batch casting. Molding can be performed without a mold on a flat surface supported on the ground.

[0044] The idea of ​​one embodiment is that the proposed arrangement further comprises an extraction device for extracting the hardened paste in the casting area. The material extracted by extraction, i.e., the extraction material, is fed into a crushing device to transform it into a crushed material. The crushed material can be transferred from the crusher by means of a conveyor to piles in a temporary storage area. The transfer and handling of the crushed material are easy compared to the handling of raw materials and the paste formed from the raw materials. The handling of the crushed material does not differ from the handling of crushed virgin or angular stone.

[0045] The idea of ​​one embodiment is that the molten geopolymer paste is allowed to harden on an artificial rock and the blocks that fit into a feed opening or mouth of the crushing device are extracted from the artificial rock by the extraction device.

[0046] The idea behind one method is that, after being discharged, the paste is allowed to harden to a compressive strength of at least 1 MPa before crushing. Thus, the quality of the crushed material will be Petition 870260053860, dated 03 / 06 / 2026, page 17 / 70 13 / 24 satisfactory and the actual crushing will be carried out without problems.

[0047] The idea behind one embodiment is that the factory waste disposal site is related to a pulp mill. The pulp mill produces green liquor precipitate as a side-flow material that is dumped into a waste pile at the factory waste disposal site. The first secondary industrial material removed from the waste pile with the mixer is therefore the green liquor precipitate, also called sludge. Green liquor precipitate is a difficult material to handle, and the solution proposed in this document presents a simple solution for its handling.

[0048] The idea behind one embodiment is that the first industrial side-flow material removed from the waste pile with the mixer is green liquor precipitate. Green liquor precipitate, i.e., sludge, is a difficult-to-handle residue. Through the proposed solution, the sludge is transported uninterruptedly, by means of a single transfer means, to a discharge point or to the smelting area, without intermediate unloading or loading steps.

[0049] The idea of ​​one embodiment is that the first industrial side-flow material is the green liquor precipitate mentioned above. In this case, the second industrial side-flow material fed by a first feeding device from the mixing station is blast furnace slag or metakaolin. In tests carried out, these side-flow materials proved to be particularly well suited together in the manufacture of a Petition 870260053860, dated 03 / 06 / 2026, page 18 / 70 14 / 24 compression-resistant geopolymer. The price of green liquor precipitate is negative, meaning that, due to its safe use, waste management fees as defined by waste legislation can be avoided. Furthermore, the price of said blast furnace slag and metakaolin is low compared to many other side-flow materials. Said materials and their mixtures contain silicon oxide and aluminum oxide, which are necessary in the reaction and hardening of the geopolymer. It may also be possible to use a material equivalent to said blast furnace slag and metakaolin having a similar combination of elements as a mixture with the waste.

[0050] One embodiment is that the mixing station additionally comprises a third feeding device for feeding caustic soda, i.e., sodium hydroxide (NaOH), into the mixer, and a fourth feeding device for feeding soluble glass, i.e., sodium silicate Na4SiO4, into the mixer.

[0051] The idea of ​​one embodiment is that the hardenable paste mixed in the mixer comprises, as the main component, green liquor precipitate and blast furnace slag, metakaolin or similar. In addition, caustic soda, soluble glass or both are mixed into the paste as activators. A hardened material formed from these substances has demonstrated particularly satisfactory compressive strength as well as insolubility in tests.

[0052] The idea of ​​one embodiment is that the mixing station comprises a fifth feeding device to feed water into the mixer, in order to adjust the content. Petition 870260053860, dated 03 / 06 / 2026, page 19 / 70 15 / 24 moisture content of the paste to be mixed.

[0053] The idea of ​​a embodiment is that the solution refers to a method for mixing a paste. In the method, at least two industrial lateral flow materials are mixed in the manufacture of a geopolymer. The mixing is carried out in a mixer arranged in a mobile work machine.

[0054] The idea of ​​an embodiment is that the solution refers to a method in which the mixer is forced by the working machine onto a waste pile to load a first lateral flow material into the mixer. After loading, the loaded portion of the first lateral flow material is transferred in the mixer from the waste pile to a mixing station. At the mixing station, at least one second lateral flow material is added to the first lateral flow material located in the mixer. Then, the materials located in the mixer are mixed by means of rotating mixer elements of the mixer. Finally, the mixed slurry is transferred in the mixer from the working machine to a casting area and discharged.

[0055] The idea of ​​one embodiment is that the mixer is discharged by tilting its feed opening downwards and operating the mixer elements simultaneously.

[0056] The idea of ​​one embodiment is that a mass of the first material from the lateral flow removed from the waste pile by the mixer is weighed. Furthermore, the amount of material fed into the mixing station is adjusted in response to the determined mass. Petition 870260053860, dated 03 / 06 / 2026, page 20 / 70 16 / 24

[0057] The idea of ​​one embodiment is that the moisture content of the first lateral flow material brought to the mixer is determined and water is added to the mixer at the mixing station in response to the determined moisture content falling below a determined minimum limit.

[0058] The idea of ​​an embodiment is that the solution refers to a method in which several batches of a hardenable geopolymer paste are discharged into a melting area of ​​the mixer in order to provide a uniform casting formation. The paste is allowed to dry for at least two days so that the material obtains a compressive strength suitable for crushing. Then, smaller blocks are extracted from the hardened or partially hardened casting formation and the blocks are crushed in a crushing device to obtain a fraction that is smaller than a predetermined grain size.

[0059] The idea behind this method is that the material can achieve its final hardness in crushed form. The material's full hardness is generally achieved in about 90 days, but the crushability and strength required for crushing are often achieved a few days after casting. The final hardness is thus achieved at the point of use. When extraction and crushing are performed on materials that have only reached their partial hardness, the work is quicker to perform and does not require equipment as heavy as would be needed to break a fully hardened material. Furthermore, the solution is environmentally friendly, as extraction and crushing require less energy when the material has not yet reached full strength. Petition 870260053860, dated 03 / 06 / 2026, page 21 / 70 17 / 24

[0060] The idea behind one embodiment is that the paste is foamed after the additives are mixed in. Through foaming, it is possible to produce a lightweight yet strong material. This type of crushed foamed material with a porous structure can have good thermal insulation capacity and can also be used as frost insulation.

[0061] The idea of ​​one embodiment is that foam formation can be achieved chemically, for example by adding hydrogen peroxide to the paste, or alternatively mechanically, using a foaming apparatus that may correspond substantially to an apparatus designed for foaming concrete.

[0062] The idea of ​​one embodiment is that only one lateral flow material is mixed by the mixer with the other components to form a geopolymer.

[0063] The idea of ​​one embodiment is that three laterally flowing materials are mixed by the mixer with the other components to form a geopolymer.

[0064] The modes described above and their characteristics can be combined to provide the desired configurations. Brief description of the figures

[0065] Some modalities of the proposed solution are illustrated in more detail in the following figures, in which

[0066] Figure 1 is a simplified schematic diagram showing mixtures of a geopolymer,

[0067] Figure 2 is a simplified schematic diagram showing the manufacturing of a material. Petition 870260053860, dated 03 / 06 / 2026, page 22 / 70 18 / 24 geopolymer earthmoving,

[0068] Figure 3 schematically illustrates the manufacture of a geopolymer at a factory waste disposal site,

[0069] Figure 4 schematically illustrates a mixing unit consisting of a mixer and a working machine,

[0070] Figure 5 schematically illustrates the use of a mixer at different stages of a geopolymer manufacturing process.

[0071] Figure 6 illustrates a mixer and its rotating mixer shaft as viewed from the front,

[0072] Figure 7 schematically illustrates a mixer and its apparatus as seen from the side; and

[0073] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram showing the components of a mixed paste.

[0074] For clarity, some modalities of the proposed solutions are illustrated in the figures in a simplified way. In the figures, similar numerical references are used to denote similar elements and features. Detailed description of some modalities

[0075] Figure 1 represents a geopolymer comprising at least two lateral flow materials. In some cases, even more lateral flow materials may be used in the formation of a hardenable paste. A common feature of these lateral flow materials and their mixture is that they comprise silicon dioxide SiO2 and aluminum oxide Al2O3 which react with each other and form a paste that hardens to a compression-resistant state. Petition 870260053860, dated 03 / 06 / 2026, page 23 / 70 19 / 24 The compressive strength achieved is at least 10 MPa, but it is usually more than 40 MPa, and sometimes even more than 80 MPa.

[0076] Industrial side-flow materials are, e.g., tailings, such as red mud. Other by-products are slags from the steel industry, such as blast furnace slag, steel slag, and refined steel slag. Ashes from the energy industry, such as organic ash produced in wood combustion, as well as inorganic ash produced in the combustion of coal, oil shale, and the like, are also side-flow materials. Ashes may include fly ash, grate ash, or bottom ash formed in boilers. Other side-flow materials are produced in the forestry industry. In the pulp and paper industry, green liquor precipitate is formed as a residue in large quantities.

[0077] Green liquor precipitate is a side-flow material formed in the wood processing industry during pulp manufacturing and is also called sludge. Sludge is produced in a sulfate process in a chemical recovery line. Sludge is removed from green liquor in a green liquor clarifier before the green liquor is sent for causticizing, i.e., for the manufacture of cooking chemicals. Green liquor precipitate is a mixture of various insoluble substances from green liquor, inorganic salts such as oxides, carbonates, and sulfides. It also contains hazardous metals, in addition to the normal alkali metals and calcium and magnesium. The sludge removed from the process is washed in order to recover the sodium compounds contained therein. Petition 870260053860, dated 03 / 06 / 2026, page 24 / 70 20 / 24 The washed sludge is dried before being disposed of at a waste disposal site, and its typical dry matter content is around 50%.

[0078] In addition, one or more activators may be added to the mixture formed by the lateral flow materials or, in some cases, the activator is not necessary, but the lateral flow materials react with each other. Or, they may react after water has been added to the mixture.

[0079] The method and solution proposed in this document can be used in a versatile way for the manufacture of products comprising various industrial lateral flow materials. Furthermore, it is stated that, in some cases, only one lateral flow material can be used in the manufacture of a geopolymer. In this case, other mixtures are mixed with the lateral flow material in a mixer.

[0080] Figure 2 is a diagram that presents a manufacturing process for earthmoving material as described in this application. The steps and features presented in the diagram have been described in detail previously and are also revealed in the description of Figure 3.

[0081] In Figure 3 an industrial plant or factory 1 produces a first lateral flow material 2 which is dumped into a waste pile 4 at a factory waste disposal site 3. The waste pile 4 may be a mound-like formation, a pile or a clamp. It may also be a previously deposited formation. Petition 870260053860, dated 03 / 06 / 2026, page 25 / 70 21 / 24

[0082] A working machine 5 has a mixer 6 through which side-flow material 2 is removed from the waste pile 4. A mass of the loaded material and possibly other properties can be measured and the measurement results are sent to a control unit CU of a mixing station 7. The combination of the working machine and mixer 6, i.e., a mixing unit 8, is transferred to the mixing station 7, where a second side-flow material can be fed into the mixer 6 from a second feeding device 9. Activators can be fed from a third feeding device 10 and a fourth feeding device 11. In addition, water can be fed from a fifth feeding device 12, if necessary. The feeding devices 9-12 may comprise upper containers or hoppers below which the mixer 6 can be positioned for mixing.In some cases, the second lateral flow material is not fed into the slurry.

[0083] The materials fed into mixer 6 are mixed during their transfer and, finally, the resulting paste is discharged into a casting area 13. A larger, uniform formation can be formed from the paste, for example, a type of artificial rock 14. The material can be allowed to harden at least to a partial hardness. Blocks 16 can be extracted from the artificial rock 14, for example, with a hydraulic impact hammer 15 as small batch extraction, with wedges or some other extraction method. When extraction is carried out before reaching Petition 870260053860, dated 03 / 06 / 2026, page 26 / 70 22 / 24 the final hardness, the same can be achieved even with an excavator bucket or a rock tooth mounted on it. The extracted blocks 16 can be fed into a feed opening of a crushing device 17 and crushed into crushed material 18 of a desired grain size. The crushed material 18 can be temporarily stored 19 and transferred to a place of use by road transport.

[0084] The crushing device 17 may be, for example, a jaw crusher, an impact crusher or a cone crusher.

[0085] If necessary, extraction and crushing can also be carried out after a longer period of time, with the extraction and crushing equipment being selected according to the situation.

[0086] Figure 4 illustrates a situation where the working machine 5 pushes the mixer 6 into the waste pile 4 and thus loads the first lateral flow material 2. In Fig. 4, it is shown that the mixer 6 may comprise two horizontal mixer shafts 20a, 20b which are provided with mixer elements and which can be rotated.

[0087] Figure 5 shows that the mixer 5 can be tilted to a desired position around a pivot joint 21 and introduced into the mixing station 7 under the feeding device 9 to feed the mixtures. The top of the mixer 5 is open to receive the mixtures. Furthermore, the mixer 5 can be held in a desired tilted position during mixing. Mixing can be performed by the rotating mixer shafts 20a, 20b. Petition 870260053860, dated 03 / 06 / 2026, page 27 / 70 23 / 24 during transfer. When the paste is mixed, it can be foamed before unloading, if desired. Foaming devices can be arranged together with mixer 5. At the unloading location, mixer 5 can be tilted in a downward direction around pivot joint 21, and unloading can be further facilitated by means of mixing devices.

[0088] Discharge can be carried out by means of batch casting in a casting pile. In this process, a large number of smaller batches 22 form a larger formation.

[0089] Fig. 6 illustrates that the rotating mixer shaft 20 of mixer 5 may comprise a large number of arms 23 which are provided with mixing surfaces 24. In a mixing device 26, there may be one, two or even more such parallel mixing shafts 20 provided with mixing blades 28. Alternatively, the mixer shafts may comprise screw-type mixing surfaces.

[0090] Figure 7 illustrates that the mixer shafts 20a, 20b of the mixing device 26 of mixer 5 can rotate in opposite directions. A rotation motor M for rotating the shafts 20 is located outside the hopper part 27. Furthermore, mixer 5 comprises a connection device 25 for connecting it to the working machine. Mixer 5 can also be provided with a sensor S1 to determine the mass of the material located in the mixer, as well as with a sensor S2 to determine the moisture or other property of the material. A vibrator T Petition 870260053860, dated 03 / 06 / 2026, page 28 / 70 24 / 24 can also be arranged with the mixer to provide vibration, facilitating unloading and mixing.

[0091] Figure 7 further illustrates a sensor S3 or a corresponding measuring device by which a resistance to rotation caused by the paste being mixed can be determined by monitoring the motor M. The resistance to rotation may manifest as an increase in the need for rotational torque, rotational force, drive energy or similar, or alternatively, for example, from a change in rotational speed. The resistance to rotation can provide information about the plasticity and also the moisture content of the paste. In addition, there may be one or more cameras K in conjunction with the mixer to produce visual data that can be transmitted to an operator to make sensory observations on the paste being mixed. An experienced operator can see the plasticity of the paste in a video camera image.

[0092] Figure 8 shows the possible components of a geopolymer comprising a lateral flow material from the pulp and paper industry.

[0093] The figures and their description are intended only to illustrate the inventive idea. However, the scope of protection of the invention is defined in the claims of the application. Petition 870260053860, dated 03 / 06 / 2026, page 29 / 70

Claims

1 / 3 CLAIMS 1. Disposal in a factory waste disposal site (3), the disposal of which comprises at least one waste pile (4) of an industrial first lateral flow material (2), characterized in that the disposal further comprises: at least one mobile working machine (5) which is provided with a mixer (6), which is configured to be forced into the pile (4), whereby the working machine (5) is disposed to receive the industrial first lateral flow material (2) directly with the mixer (6) from the waste pile (4) for handling by the mixer (6); a mixing station (7) comprising at least one feeding device (9 - 12) for feeding at least one mixture into the material transferred in the mixer (6) from the working machine to the mixing station (7) of the factory waste disposal site (3);a casting area (13) in which the mixer (6) is discharged and thus is arranged to receive from the mixer (6) a hardenable geopolymer paste formed by the lateral flow material and mixtures as a result of its mixing; and in which the arrangement of the handled material is maintained in the mixer (6) of the working machine throughout the entire handling process from the waste pile (4) to the casting area (13).

2. Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises: Petition 870260053860, dated 03 / 06 / 2026, page 30 / 70 2 / 3 an extraction device (15) for extracting hardened paste in the casting area (13); a crushing device (17) for crushing the extracted material in order to obtain crushed material; and a temporary storage (19) for receiving crushed material from the crushing device (17).

3. Arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the factory waste disposal site (3) is located together with a pulp mill; and the waste pile (4) is a green liquor precipitate, wherein the first industrial sideflow material removed from the waste pile (4) with the mixer (6) is a green liquor precipitate.

4. Method for mixing a paste employed in disposal at a factory waste disposal site as defined in claim 1, wherein the method comprises mixing at least one industrial side-flow material in the manufacture of a geopolymer; and the paste is mixed in a mixer (6) disposed in a mobile work machine (5); characterized in that the mixer (6) is forced into a waste pile (4) by means of the work machine (5) to load a first side-flow material into the mixer (6); a loaded portion of the first side-flow material is transferred into the mixer (6) from the waste pile (4) to a mixing station (7); at least a second side-flow material is Petition 870260053860, dated 03 / 06 / 2026, p.31 / 70 3 / 3 added at mixing station (7) to the first side flow material located in mixer (6); materials located in mixer (6) are mixed by means of rotating mixer elements (26) of mixer (6) during mixer transfer; the mixed paste is transferred in mixer (6) from working machine (5) to a casting area (13); and mixer (6) is discharged into casting area (13).

5. Method according to claim 4, characterized in that several batches (22) of hardenable geopolymer paste are discharged into the casting area (13) of the mixer (6) to provide a uniform casting formation (14); the paste is allowed to harden under prevailing conditions; smaller blocks (16) are extracted from the hardened casting formation (14); and the blocks (16) are crushed in a crushing device (17) to obtain a fraction that is smaller than a predetermined grain size.

6. Method, according to any one of claims 4 or 5, characterized in that the paste is foamed after mixing the mixtures to manufacture a crushed material with a porous structure. Petition 870260053860, dated 03 / 06 / 2026, pp. 32 / 70

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