Sma motor, camera module and electronic device

Abstract

SMA MOTOR, CAMERA MODULE, AND ELECTRONIC DEVICE. An SMA motor, a camera module, and an electronic device are disclosed in this application. The SMA motor includes an upper component, a lower component, a plurality of bearings, and four SMA wires. The lower and upper components are stacked, the plurality of bearings is located between the lower and upper components, one end of each bearing is fixedly connected to the lower component, and the other end is slidingly connected to the upper component. One end of each SMA wire is fixedly connected to the upper component, and the other end is fixedly connected to the lower component. The SMA wires shrink when electrified and heated. Each bearing includes a lubrication coating.The lubrication lining is located at one end that is near the bearing and close to the upper component, and is in contact with the upper component. The SMA motor reduces the coefficient of friction between the bearing and the upper component, to improve the accuracy of the SMA motor's path control, reduce the amount of jitter in the upper component, and reduce low-frequency ripple jitter when an image capture display interface is stationary.

Description

1 / 87 SMA MOTOR, CAMERA MODULE AND ELECTRONIC DEVICE

[001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202010087300.3, filed with the China National Intellectual Property Administration on February 11, 2020, and entitled “SMA MOTOR, CAMERA MODULE, AND ELECTRONIC DEVICE”, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[002] This application relates to the field of image capture technologies and, in particular, to an SMA engine, a camera module and an electronic device. BACKGROUND

[003] As the photography function of a smartphone camera becomes increasingly powerful, an optical image stabilizer (OIS) is gradually becoming one of the main selling points and competitive advantages of the smartphone camera. The optical image stabilizer is configured to detect and provide real-time feedback on the jitter of a mobile phone within a specific frequency and amplitude range and perform reverse compensation on the jitter during photography. Since compensation is usually achieved by correcting an optical path through an optical lens assembly, compared to improving gain using a software algorithm, the optical image stabilizer ensures good image quality with minimal loss.

[004] Currently, an optical image stabilization technology is gradually developing from an image stabilization technology of Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, p. 12 / 116 2 / 87 Electromagnetic suspension of a conventional voice coil motor (voice coil motor, VCM) to a shape memory alloy thermoelectric image stabilization technology of a shape memory alloy motor (shape memory alloy, SMA). The SMA motor triggers a lens assembly to move through a resultant force generated when a plurality of SMA wires shrink upon being electrified, to implement image stabilization.However, in a current photography or video recording application using a camera module with an SMA motor, when an image capture preview interface is opened, the image capture preview interface remains in a static state, and no photography is performed. That is, when an image stabilization function is enabled, but no image stabilization action is performed, low-frequency ripple jitter occurs in the image capture preview interface, resulting in a poor image capture experience for the user. SUMMARY

[005] This application is intended to provide an SMA motor, a camera module, and an electronic device. The SMA motor reduces the coefficient of friction between a bearing and an upper component, to improve the accuracy of the SMA motor's path control, reduce the amount of jitter, and reduce low-frequency ripple jitter when an image capture display interface is stationary.

[006] According to a first aspect, this application provides an SMA motor, including an upper component, Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, page 13 / 116 3 / 87 a lower component, a plurality of bearings, and four SMA wires. The lower and upper components are stacked, the plurality of bearings is located between the lower and upper components, one end of each bearing is fixedly connected to the lower component, and the other end is slidably connected to the upper component. One end of each SMA wire is fixedly connected to the upper component, the other end is fixedly connected to the lower component, the SMA wires shrink when electrified and heated, the four SMA wires are divided into two pairs, the two pairs of SMA wires are arranged symmetrically with respect to a first reference plane, two SMA wires of the same pair are arranged symmetrically with respect to a second reference plane, and the second reference plane intersects the first reference plane.Each bearing includes a lubrication liner. The lubrication liner is located at one end of the bearing and is near the upper component, and is in contact with the upper component.

[007] In this application, because the SMA wires shrink when electrified and heated, a corresponding tensile force is generated in the upper component. Therefore, a positional relationship between the four SMA wires is limited, so that the SMA motor can control, by controlling the electrical signals in the four SMA wires, a resultant force applied by the four SMA wires to the upper component to move along the first reference plane or move along the second plane. Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, page 14 / 116 4 / 87 reference. Furthermore, combined displacement in the first reference plane and displacement in the second reference plane allows the upper component to be translated to any position relative to the lower component. When the SMA motor is applied to the camera module, the upper component of the SMA motor is configured to carry a lens assembly from the camera module. Because the upper component can be translated relative to the lower component, the SMA motor can trigger the lens assembly to translate, so that the camera module implements optical image stabilization.

[008] The lubrication coating can reduce the coefficient of friction between the upper component and the bearing. Therefore, in a process where the SMA wire of the SMA motor pulls the upper component and the lens assembly to move relative to the bearing and implements image stabilization, the frictional force between the upper component and the bearing is small, and the precision of the SMA motor's path control is high, so that the amount of jitter in the upper component and the lens assembly is reduced, and low-frequency ripple jitter when an image capture display interface is stationary is reduced.

[009] In one possible implementation, each bearing further includes a bearing housing. One end of the bearing housing is attached to the lower component, and the lubrication lining is attached to the other end of the bearing housing. The lubrication lining includes a metallic layer, a metallic inorganic compound layer, and an inorganic layer that are stacked. Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, page 15 / 116 5 / 87 sequentially. The metallic layer of the lubrication lining is attached to the bearing body, the metallic layer of the lubrication lining and the metallic inorganic compound layer of the lubrication lining include the same element, and the metallic inorganic compound layer of the lubrication lining and the inorganic layer of the lubrication lining include the same element.

[0010] In this implementation, an upper layer that is part of the lubrication lining and distant from the bearing body is the inorganic layer, and the inorganic layer has high hardness and is smooth. Therefore, the lubrication lining as a whole has better lubrication performance and can effectively reduce the frictional force between the bearing and the upper component, so that the accuracy of the SMA motor's travel control is better. In addition, the inorganic layer can also play an insulating role, to effectively and electrically isolate the bearing from the upper component, and reduce the risk of a short circuit between the bearing and the upper component.

[0011] In addition, a bottom layer that is part of the lubrication lining and attached to the bearing body is the metallic layer, and the metallic layer has high flexibility and is not prone to cracking. Therefore, the lubrication lining can be better attached to the bearing body and has high flexibility and high reliability. An intermediate layer located between the metallic layer and the inorganic layer of the lubrication lining is the metallic inorganic compound layer, the Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, page 16 / 116 6 / 87 The metallic inorganic compound layer and the metallic layer have the same element, and the metallic inorganic compound layer and the inorganic layer also have the same element. Therefore, the metallic inorganic compound layer can smoothly transition between the metallic and inorganic layers, so that the bonding performance between the metallic and inorganic layers is improved, and the lubrication coating has high integrity and greater structural reliability.

[0012] The multilayer structure of the lubrication coating is an integrated structure, that is, an integrated coating structure. The metallic layer, the metallic inorganic compound layer, and the inorganic layer transition gradually. An interface between the metallic layer and the metallic inorganic compound layer, and an interface between the metallic inorganic compound layer and the inorganic layer, are both diffuse interfaces, and are in a state in which two layers of materials are mixed with each other.

[0013] The thickness of the lubrication coating can be controlled to a micron level. For example, the total thickness of the lubrication coating can be within a range of 5 μm to 10 μm, and the thickness of a diamond-like structure on the surface of the inorganic layer of the lubrication coating can be within a range of 1 μm to 3 μm.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the inorganic layer of the lubrication coating is a carbon layer, and a surface layer structure that is of the inorganic layer of the lubrication coating and is Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, page 17 / 116 7 / 87 facing away from the metallic inorganic compound layer of the lubrication lining is a diamond-like structure. That is, a diamond-like carbon film is formed on the surface layer of the lubrication lining. The diamond-like carbon film is made of carbon elements, is diamond-like in nature, and has a substance in a graphite atomic composition structure. The diamond-like carbon film is an amorphous film, and possesses characteristics of high hardness, high modulus of elasticity, low friction factor, wear resistance, and good vacuum morphotactic properties, so that the lubrication lining is wear-resistant, and the frictional force between the bearing and the upper component can be effectively reduced.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the metallic layer of the lubrication coating is a chromium layer and the metallic inorganic compound layer of the lubrication coating is a carbon-chromium compound layer. In this implementation, chromium is used as the metallic material of the metallic layer and the metallic inorganic compound layer of the lubrication coating, so that the carbon layer, whose surface layer is a diamond-like structure, has better adhesion to the carbon-chromium compound layer at the bottom, and the reliability of the overall structure of the lubrication coating is higher.

[0016] In this application, the lubrication coating can be formed on the surface of the bearing body using a physical vapor deposition technology and a chemical vapor deposition technology, so that the Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, page 18 / 116 8 / 87 lubrication coating has a thin thickness, high strength, and a small coefficient of friction.

[0017] In some other possible implementations, the inorganic layer of the lubrication coating can also be a carbon layer whose surface layer has a non-diamond-like structure. In this case, the inorganic layer of the lubrication coating still has lubricity, but the lubricity is lower than in the previous solution having the surface layer with the diamond-like structure.

[0018] In some other possible implementations, the inorganic layer of the lubrication coating is a carbon layer and a surface layer structure that is of the inorganic layer of the lubrication coating and is facing away from the metallic inorganic compound layer of the lubrication coating is a diamond-like structure. The metallic layer of the lubrication coating is a titanium layer and the metallic inorganic compound layer is a carbon-titanium compound layer.

[0019] In some other possible implementations, the inorganic layer of the lubrication coating is a silicon layer. The metallic layer of the lubrication coating may be a titanium layer or a chromium layer, and the metallic inorganic compound layer is correspondingly a silicon-titanium compound layer or a silicon-chromium compound layer.

[0020] In one possible implementation, the lubrication coating may also extend to a peripheral lateral surface of the bearing body. The Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, page 19 / 116 9 / 87 The bearing body includes a top surface facing the upper component, a bottom surface facing the lower component, and a peripheral side surface connected between the top surface and the bottom surface. The lubrication lining covers the entire top surface, and may also cover part of the peripheral side surface or the entire peripheral side surface.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the upper component includes an upper component body and an upper cover. The upper cover is attached to one side of the upper component body and close to the bearing. The upper cover may be the lubrication cover. The upper cover is in contact with the bearing's lubrication cover to further reduce the frictional force between the upper component and the bearing, so that the SMA motor's path control accuracy is higher, and the amount of jitter in the camera module's lens assembly is reduced.

[0022] In one possible implementation, the top coating includes a metallic layer, a metallic inorganic compound layer, and an inorganic layer that are stacked sequentially. The metallic layer of the top coating is attached to the top component body, the metallic layer of the top coating and the metallic inorganic compound layer of the top coating include the same element, and the metallic inorganic compound layer of the top coating and the inorganic layer of the top coating include the same element. Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, p. 20 / 116 10 / 87

[0023] In this implementation, an upper layer that is part of the top coating and distant from the upper component body is the inorganic layer, and the inorganic layer has high hardness and is smooth. Therefore, the top coating as a whole has better lubricating performance and can effectively reduce the frictional force between the bearing and the upper component, so that the accuracy of the SMA motor's path control is better. In addition, the inorganic layer can also play an insulating role, to effectively and electrically isolate the bearing from the upper component, and reduce the risk of a short circuit between the bearing and the upper component.

[0024] Furthermore, a base layer that is part of the top coating and bonded to the upper component body is the metallic layer, and the metallic layer has high flexibility and is not prone to cracking. Therefore, the top coating can be better bonded to the upper component body and has high flexibility and high reliability. An intermediate layer located between the metallic layer and the inorganic layer of the top coating is the metallic inorganic composite layer; the metallic inorganic composite layer and the metallic layer have the same element, and the metallic inorganic composite layer and the inorganic layer also have the same element. Therefore, the metallic inorganic composite layer can smoothly transition between the metallic layer and the inorganic layer, so that the bonding performance between the metallic layer and the inorganic layer is improved, and the top coating has high integrity. Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, page 21 / 116 11 / 87 and greater structural reliability.

[0025] In one possible implementation, the inorganic layer of the top coating is a carbon layer, and a surface layer structure that is part of the inorganic layer of the top coating and faces away from the metallic inorganic compound layer of the top coating is a diamond-like structure. That is, a diamond-like carbon film is formed on the surface layer of the top coating. In this case, the inorganic layer of the top coating allows for good wear resistance of the top coating and can effectively reduce the frictional force between the bearing and the top component.

[0026] In one possible implementation, the metallic layer of the top coating is a chromium layer, and the metallic inorganic compound layer of the top coating is a carbon-chromium compound layer. In this implementation, chromium is used as the metallic material of the metallic layer and the metallic inorganic compound layer of the top coating, so that the carbon layer whose surface layer is a diamond-like structure has better adhesion to the carbon-chromium compound layer at the bottom of the same, and the reliability of an overall top coating structure is greater.

[0027] In some possible implementations, the upper component body includes a bottom surface facing the lower component, and the top coating may cover all or a partial area of ​​the bottom surface of the upper component body. When the top coating covers a partial area of ​​the surface Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, page 22 / 116 12 / 87 of the bottom of the upper component body, the partial area is primarily a bearing contact area.

[0028] In some other possible implementations, the upper component may not be provided with the top coating, and the bearing lubrication coating is in direct contact with the upper component body. In this case, although the frictional force between the bearing and the upper component is less than in the structure where the upper component is provided with the top coating, the lubrication coating on the bearing can still meet a requirement of significantly reducing the frictional force between the bearing and the upper component.

[0029] In one possible implementation, the lower component includes a lower component body and a lower casing. The lower casing is attached to one side of the lower component body and close to the bearing, and the lower casing is an insulating casing. In this implementation, the lower casing of the lower component can isolate the bearing of the lower component, to reduce the risk of a short circuit between the upper component and the lower component.

[0030] In one possible implementation, the bottom coating includes a metallic layer, a metallic inorganic compound layer, and an inorganic layer that are stacked sequentially, and the metallic layer of the bottom coating is attached to the bottom component body.

[0031] In this implementation, an upper layer that is part of the lower coating and set away from the body of Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, page 23 / 116 13 / 87 The bottom component is the inorganic layer, and the inorganic layer can play an insulating role. Therefore, the bearing is effectively and electrically isolated from the bottom component, and the risk of a short circuit between the bearing and the bottom component is reduced. Furthermore, a bottom layer that is part of the bottom lining and attached to the bottom component body is the metallic layer, and the metallic layer has high flexibility and is not prone to cracking. Therefore, the bottom lining can be better attached to the bottom component body, and it has high flexibility and high reliability.

[0032] In one possible implementation, the metallic inorganic composite layer of the bottom coating and the metallic layer of the bottom coating have the same element, and the metallic inorganic composite layer of the bottom coating and the inorganic layer of the bottom coating have the same element. In this implementation, an intermediate layer located between the metallic layer and the inorganic layer of the bottom coating is the metallic inorganic composite layer, the metallic inorganic composite layer and the metallic layer have the same element, and the metallic inorganic composite layer and the inorganic layer also have the same element. Therefore, the metallic inorganic composite layer can smoothly transition between the metallic layer and the inorganic layer, so that the bonding performance between the metallic layer and the inorganic layer is improved and the bottom coating has high integrity and greater structural reliability. Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, page 24 / 116 14 / 87

[0033] In some possible implementations, the inorganic layer of the bottom coating is a carbon layer, the metallic layer of the bottom coating is a chromium layer, and the metallic inorganic compound layer of the bottom coating is a carbon-chromium compound layer. In some other possible implementations, the inorganic layer of the bottom coating is a carbon layer, the metallic layer of the bottom coating is a titanium layer, and the metallic inorganic compound layer of the bottom coating is a carbon-titanium compound layer.

[0034] In some other possible implementations, the inorganic layer of the bottom coating is a silicon layer. The metallic layer of the bottom coating may be a titanium layer or a chromium layer, and the metallic inorganic compound layer is correspondingly a silicon-titanium compound layer or a silicon-chromium compound layer.

[0035] In some other possible implementations, the inorganic layer of the bottom coating may also be made of another inorganic material that can implement lubrication, and the metallic layer of the bottom coating may also be made of another material. This is not strictly limited in this application. In some other possible implementations, the bottom coating may also be fully coated using an organic polymer material.

[0036] In some possible implementations, the lower component body includes a bottom surface facing the upper component and the cladding. Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, page 25 / 116 15 / 87 lower coating may cover all or a partial area of ​​the top surface of the lower component body. When the lower coating covers a partial area of ​​the top surface of the lower component body, the partial area is primarily a bearing contact area.

[0037] In some other possible implementations, the lower component may not be provided with a lower coating, the bearing body is in direct contact with the lower component body, and isolation between the upper component and the lower component is implemented through the bearing lubrication coating and / or the upper coating of the upper component. In some other possible implementations, the lower component is not provided with a lower coating, the upper component is not provided with an upper coating, the bearing body is in contact with the lower component, the bearing lubrication coating is in contact with the upper component, and isolation between the upper component and the lower component is implemented through the lubrication coating.

[0038] In one possible implementation, the lubrication coating is lubricating oil, lubricating grease, or a solid lubricant. In this implementation, the lubrication coating can reduce the frictional force between the upper component and the bearing, improve the accuracy of the SMA motor's path control, and reduce the amount of jitter in the camera module's lens assembly.

[0039] In a possible implementation, the component Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, page 26 / 116 The 16 / 87 upper component includes an upper component body and an upper cover. The upper cover is attached to one side of the upper component body and is close to the bearing, and the upper cover is an insulating cover. In this implementation, lubrication is implemented between the bearing and the upper component using the lubrication cover, and insulation is implemented between the bearing and the upper component using the upper cover.

[0040] In one possible implementation, the lower component includes a lower component body and a lower lining. The lower lining is attached to one side of the lower component body and close to the bearing, and the lower lining is an insulating lining. In this implementation, lubrication is implemented between the bearing and the upper component using the lubrication lining, and insulation is implemented between the bearing and the lower component using the lower lining.

[0041] In one possible implementation, the upper component includes an upper component body and an upper lining. The upper lining is attached to a side that is of the upper component body and close to the bearing, and the upper lining is an insulating lining. The lower component includes a lower component body and a lower lining. The lower lining is attached to a side that is of the lower component body and close to the bearing, and the lower lining is an insulating lining. In this implementation, lubrication is implemented between the Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, page 27 / 116 17 / 87 bearing and the upper component using the lubrication lining, and insulation is implemented between the upper component and the lower component using the upper lining and the lower lining.

[0042] In one possible implementation, the insulation coating includes a metallic layer, a metallic inorganic compound layer, and an inorganic layer that are stacked sequentially. The inorganic layer of the insulation coating is a carbon layer. The metallic layer of the insulation coating is a titanium layer, and the metallic inorganic compound layer of the insulation coating is a carbon-titanium compound layer. Alternatively, the metallic layer of the insulation coating is a chromium layer, and the metallic inorganic compound layer of the insulation coating is a carbon-chromium compound layer.

[0043] In this implementation, the insulation coating has a thin thickness, high flexibility, high hardness, high insulation, and high overall structural reliability.

[0044] In some other possible implementations, the inorganic layer of the insulation coating may also be a silicon layer. The metallic layer of the insulation coating may be a titanium layer or a chromium layer, and the metallic inorganic compound layer is correspondingly a silicon-titanium compound layer or a silicon-chromium compound layer. In some other possible implementations, the insulation coating may also be fully coated using Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, page 28 / 116 18 / 87 an organic polymer material.

[0045] In one possible implementation, the SMA motor also includes a rubber pad. The rubber pad is located between the upper and lower components. One end of the rubber pad is fixedly attached to the upper component, and the other end is fixedly attached to the lower component. The rubber pad may be a damping adhesive, a shock-absorbing adhesive, or similar.

[0046] In this implementation, the SMA motor reduces the jitter amplitude of the upper component in a motion process using the rubber pad, to effectively reduce the amount of jitter in the camera module lens assembly, and reduce low-frequency ripple jitter when an image capture display interface is stationary.

[0047] In some implementations, one end of the rubber pad may be fixedly connected to a movable crimp of the upper component. As a tensile force from the SMA wire acts on the movable crimp, when the rubber pad is fixedly connected to the movable crimp, a resultant force is formed on the movable crimp, thus ensuring structural reliability of the upper component under force. In some other implementations, the rubber pad may alternatively be attached to another position on the upper component.

[0048] There can be a plurality of rubber pads, and the plurality of rubber pads is arranged centrosymmetrically. A centrosymmetric is a Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, page 29 / 116 19 / 87 line of intersection of a first reference plane and a second reference plane.

[0049] In one possible implementation, the SMA motor further includes two L-shaped spring arms, each of which includes a fixed end and a movable end. The movable ends of the spring arms are attached to the upper component, and the fixed ends of the spring arms are attached to the lower component. The two spring arms are arranged centrosymmetrically, and a symmetrical center of the two spring arms is the line of intersection of the first reference plane and the second reference plane.

[0050] In this implementation, the spring arm of the SMA motor can balance and dampen a force exerted on the upper component in a process where the SMA wire is electrified to trigger the upper component to move the lens assembly, so that the upper component moves more stably. When the SMA wire is de-energized, the spring arm of the SMA motor can still trigger, using an elastic force generated by the deformation of the spring arm in a process where the SMA wire is electrified to trigger the upper component to move, the upper component to move the lens assembly to return to the initial position. In other words, in the SMA motor, the SMA wire shrinks when electrified, and the tensile force of the SMA wire triggers the upper component to move the lens assembly to generate a precise optical image stabilization stroke.After the SMA wire is disconnected, a restoring force from the spring arm triggers the upper component to transport the assembly. Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, page 30 / 116 20 / 87 lens to return to natural center.

[0051] In this implementation, because the movable end of the spring arm is attached to the upper component, the fixed end of the spring arm is attached to the lower component, and the upper component is located above the lower component, a height difference is formed between the movable end of the spring arm and the fixed end of the spring arm, to form a pre-pressure. The pre-pressure of the spring arm can press the upper component on the bearing, so as to reduce the difference of the SMA motor in different postures, and improve the control accuracy of the SMA motor.

[0052] Furthermore, as the bearing is provided with the lubrication lining that is in contact with the upper component, even if the spring arm forms the prepressure to press the upper component onto the bearing, a frictional force between the upper component and the bearing can still be controlled to be very small, so as to ensure the precision of control of the SMA motor.

[0053] In one possible implementation, the SMA motor further includes four spring arms, and each spring arm includes a fixed end and a movable end. The movable ends of the spring arms are attached to the upper component, and the fixed ends of the spring arms are attached to the lower component. The four spring arms are divided into two pairs, and the two pairs of spring arms are arranged symmetrically with respect to the first reference plane. Two spring arms of the same pair are arranged symmetrically in Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, page 31 / 116 21 / 87 in relation to the second reference plan.

[0054] In this implementation, the spring arm of the SMA motor can balance and dampen a force exerted on the upper component in a process where the SMA wire is electrified to trigger the upper component to move the lens assembly, so that the upper component moves more stably. Furthermore, when the SMA wire is disconnected, the spring arm of the SMA motor can still trigger, using an elastic force generated by the deformation of the spring arm in a process where the SMA wire is electrified to trigger the upper component to move, the upper component to move the lens assembly to return to its initial position. Additionally, the arrangement ratio of the four spring arms corresponds to the arrangement ratio of the SMA wires. Therefore, the four spring arms can better implement a balancing function and a restoring function.

[0055] In this implementation, because the movable end of the spring arm is attached to the upper component, the fixed end of the spring arm is attached to the lower component, and the upper component is located above the lower component, a height difference is formed between the movable end of the spring arm and the fixed end of the spring arm, to form a pre-pressure. The pre-pressure of the spring arm can press the upper component on the bearing, so as to reduce the difference of the SMA motor in different postures, and improve the control accuracy of the SMA motor.

[0056] In addition, as the bearing is supplied with Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, page 32 / 116 22 / 87 the lubrication lining that is in contact with the upper component, even if the spring arm forms the prepressure to press the upper component onto the bearing, a frictional force between the upper component and the bearing can still be controlled to be very small, so as to ensure the precision of control of the SMA motor.

[0057] In one possible implementation, the spring arm further includes a bending part, the bending part is located between the fixed end and the moving end, and the bending part projects in a direction away from the lower motor component.

[0058] In this implementation, the bending part is configured to allow the spring arm to form prepressure. The spring arm prepressure can press the upper component on the bearing, so as to reduce a difference in the SMA motor in different postures, and improve the control accuracy of the SMA motor. In this case, there may be a height difference between the moving end and the fixed end of the spring arm, and prepressure is formed, or no prepressure is formed, or the prepressure is small. Alternatively, no height difference may be formed between the moving end and the fixed end of the spring arm.

[0059] According to a second aspect, this application further provides a camera module, including a module holder, a lens assembly mounted within the module holder, an image sensor, and the SMA motor according to any of the preceding implementations. A lower component of the SMA motor is connected in such a way Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, page 33 / 116 23 / 87 fixed to the module support, the lens assembly is mounted on an upper component of the SMA motor, the SMA motor includes a transparent area, one lens of the lens assembly faces directly towards the transparent area, the image sensor is located on one side of the SMA motor and faces away from the lens assembly, and the image sensor is configured to receive light that passes through the lens assembly and the transparent area.

[0060] In this application, the camera module to which the SMA motor is applied can implement optical image stabilization. In addition, the SMA motor reduces the coefficient of friction between a bearing and the upper component, to improve the accuracy of the SMA motor's path control, reduce the amount of jitter in the upper component and lens assembly, and reduce low-frequency ripple jitter when an image capture display interface is stationary.

[0061] According to a third aspect, this application further provides an electronic device, including a housing, a processor and the aforementioned camera module. The processor and the camera module are housed in the housing, and the camera module is electrically connected to the processor. In this application, the electronic device to which the camera module is applied can reduce low-frequency ripple jitter when an image capture display interface is stationary. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0062] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of this application; Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, page 34 / 116 24 / 87 Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a structure of the electronic device shown in Figure 1 from another angle; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a camera module structure according to one embodiment of this application; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a voice coil motor structure and a camera module lens assembly shown in Figure 3; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an SMA motor of the camera module shown in Figure 3; Figure 6 is a top view of the SMA motor shown in Figure 5 in some embodiments; Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a spring arm structure of the SMA motor shown in Figure 6 in some embodiments; Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a spring arm structure of the SMA motor shown in Figure 6 in some other embodiments; Figure 9 is a top view of the SMA motor shown in Figure 5 in some other embodiments; Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the SMA motor shown in Figure 5; Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the impact of a frictional force between an upper component and a bearing of an SMA motor on a lens assembly in a motion process; Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of a bearing structure for the SMA motor shown in Figure 10. Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, page 35 / 116 25 / 87 some modalities; Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of a basic structure of a reaction device for preparing a lubrication coating; Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of an upper component of the SMA motor shown in Figure 10 in some embodiments; Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a lower component of the SMA motor shown in Figure 10 in some embodiments; Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of an upper component, a bearing, and a lower component of the SMA motor shown in Figure 10 in some other embodiments; and Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of a structure of the SMA motor shown in Figure 3 in some other embodiments. DESCRIPTION OF THE MODALITIES

[0063] The following describes the embodiments of this application with reference to the attached drawings in the following embodiments of this application.

[0064] The embodiments of this application provide a shape memory alloy (SMA) motor, a camera module to which the SMA motor is applied, and an electronic device to which the camera module is applied. As an image stabilization motor, the SMA motor offers advantages such as simple structure, small size, large load, low power consumption, absence of magnetic interference, and low cost. The camera module uses the SMA motor to trigger the camera. Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, page 36 / 116 26 / 87 a lens assembly to move, so as to implement optical image stabilization, thus reducing image quality loss and ensuring good image quality. The electronic device can be a mobile phone, a tablet, a notebook, a camera, a wearable device, a television or similar. The wearable device can be a smart bracelet, a smartwatch, a head-mounted smart display, smart glasses or similar.

[0065] With reference to Figure 1 and Figure 2 together. Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a structure of an electronic device 1000 according to an embodiment of this application, and Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a structure of the electronic device 1000 shown in Figure 1 from another angle. This embodiment is described using an example in which the electronic device 1000 is a mobile phone.

[0066] The electronic device 1000 includes a housing 100, a display 200, a front camera assembly 300, a rear-facing camera assembly 400, a main board 500, a processor 600, memory 700, and a battery 800. The display 200 is configured to display an image, and the display 200 may also be integrated with a touch function. The display 200 is mounted in the housing 100. The housing 100 may include a frame 1001 and a rear cover 1002. The display 200 and the rear cover 1002 are mounted respectively on two opposite sides of the frame 1001. In this embodiment, in an external space of the electronic device 1000, the space facing the display 200 is defined as Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, page 37 / 116 27 / 87 the front of the electronic device 1000 and the space facing the rear cover 1002 is defined as the rear of the electronic device 1000.

[0067] In some embodiments, the front camera assembly 300 is located in housing 100 and is positioned below the display 200. The display 200 is provided with a light-transmitting part 2001, and the front camera assembly 300 collects light from the front of the electronic device 1000 through the light-transmitting part 2001, to implement image capture. The front camera assembly 300 may include a camera module described in the following embodiments, or it may include a camera module of another structure.

[0068] In some embodiments, at least one camera hole 1003 is disposed in the rear cover 1002. The rear-facing camera assembly 400 is located in the housing 100. The rear-facing camera assembly 400 collects light from the rear of the electronic device 1000 through at least one camera hole 1003, to implement image capture. In embodiments of this application, “at least one” includes two cases: one and “a plurality of”, “a plurality of” means two or more than two and “more than two” includes two. The rear-facing camera assembly 400 includes at least one camera module 4001, for example, it may include one or more of a standard camera module, a long focus camera module, a wide-angle camera module, an ultra-long focus camera module, or an ultra-wide-angle camera module. For example, the rear-facing camera assembly 400 includes a camera Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, page 38 / 116 The 28 / 87 standard includes a wide-angle camera and a long-focus periscope camera. The 4001 camera module of the 400 rear-facing camera assembly may include a camera module described in the following embodiments, or it may include a camera module of another design.

[0069] In some embodiments, the rear-facing camera assembly 400 may also include a flash module 4002. The rear cover 1002 is provided with a flash hole 1004. The flash module 4002 is located in the housing 100, and emits light through the flash hole 1004.

[0070] In some embodiments, the main board 500 is located in housing 100, and the processor 600 and memory 700 are attached to the main board 500. The display 200, the front camera assembly 300, and the rear-facing camera assembly 400 are coupled to the processor 600. Memory 700 is configured to store computer program code. The computer program code includes computer instructions. The processor 600 is configured to invoke computer instructions to enable the electronic device 1000 to perform a corresponding operation, for example, enabling the display 200 to display a target image, or enabling the front camera assembly 300 or the rear-facing camera assembly 400 to collect the target image. The battery 800 is configured to supply power to the electronic device 1000.

[0071] In some embodiments, the electronic device 1000 may also include one or more function modules, such as an antenna module, a communication module Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, page 39 / 116 29 / 87 mobile, a sensor module, a motor, a microphone module, or a speaker module. The function module is coupled to the 600 processor. The antenna module is configured to transmit and receive an electromagnetic wave signal. The antenna module may include a plurality of antennas, and each antenna may be configured to cover one or more communication frequency bands. Different antennas may be multiplexed to improve antenna utilization. The mobile communication module may provide a solution applied to the 1000 electronic device for wireless communication, such as 2G / 3G / 4G / 5G. The sensor module may include one or more of the following: a pressure sensor, a gyroscope sensor, a barometric pressure sensor, a magnetic sensor, an acceleration sensor, a distance sensor, an optical proximity sensor, a fingerprint sensor, a temperature sensor, a touch sensor, or an ambient light sensor. The motor may generate a vibration warning.The motor can be used for an incoming call vibration alert, or it can be used for ring vibration feedback. The microphone module can be configured to convert an audio signal into an electrical signal. The speaker module is configured to convert an electrical signal into an audio signal.

[0072] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a camera module 10 structure according to an embodiment of this application. To facilitate the description of the camera module 10 below, a width direction of the camera module 10 is defined as an X direction shown in the figure, a length direction of the camera module 10 is defined as a Y direction shown in the figure, a Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, page 40 / 116 30 / 87 The thickness direction of camera module 10 is defined as a Z direction shown in the figure, and the width direction X, the length direction Y, and the thickness direction Z of camera module 10 are perpendicular to each other. Figure 3 clearly shows a structure of camera module 10, and shows the partial filling of the structure of camera module 10.

[0073] In some embodiments, the camera module 10 includes a module holder 1, a motor holder 2, a lens assembly 3, a voice coil motor 4, an SMA motor 5, an image sensor 6, and a circuit board 7.

[0074] Module 1 support is configured to hold, support, and protect other camera module 10 components. Module 1 support may be a fully formed structure, or an integrated structure formed by attaching a plurality of parts in a mounting manner (e.g., linking).

[0075] Motor support 2 is mounted on an inner side of module support 1 and fixedly connected to module support 1. Motor support 2 may be a hollow structure with openings at both ends. Lens assembly 3, voice coil motor 4, and SMA motor 5 are mounted inside motor support 2. In other words, lens assembly 3, voice coil motor 4, and SMA motor 5 are all mounted inside module support 1. In this embodiment, motor support 2, lens assembly 3, voice coil motor 4, and SMA motor 5 are all mounted on motor support 2. This facilitates the assembly of these components for modularization, thus simplifying the assembly process. Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, page 41 / 116 31 / 87 of camera module 10, and reducing costs of camera module 10.

[0076] The SMA motor 5 is attached to the motor mount 2, the voice coil motor 4 is attached above the SMA motor 5, the lens assembly 3 is mounted inside the voice coil motor 4, and one light output side of the lens assembly 3 is positioned near the SMA motor 5. Light enters the lens assembly 3 from one incident light side of the lens assembly 3, and exits the lens assembly 3 from the light output side of the lens assembly 3. The lens assembly 3 has a light convergence function. The lens assembly 3 has an optical axis of 30, and the optical axis direction of the lens assembly 3 is the same as the Z thickness direction of the camera module 10. The voice coil motor 4 is configured to trigger the lens assembly 3 to move along the optical axis direction of the lens assembly 3, to implement autofocus (AF).The SMA motor is configured to trigger the voice coil motor 4 and the lens assembly 3 to move in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis direction of the lens assembly 3, i.e., to move in an XY plane of the camera module 10, in order to implement optical image stabilization.

[0077] Circuit board 7 is mounted inside module holder 1 and is located on one side of the SMA motor 5 facing away from the lens assembly 3. For example, part of circuit board 7 is fixed to module holder 1, and part (not shown in the figure) of circuit board 7 extends out of module holder 1. The part that is of the board of Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, page 42 / 116 Circuit board 7, located outside module support 1, can be electrically connected to the main board 500 of the electronic device 1000, so that the camera module 10 is coupled to the processor 600. Circuit board 7 is configured to transmit a control signal and an image signal from the camera module 10. For example, an electrical connector is arranged at one end of circuit board 7 that is configured to connect to the main board 500. The electrical connector is connected to an electrical connector on the main board 500, so that the camera module 10 is electrically connected to a circuit and a component (e.g., the processor 600) on circuit board 7. Circuit board 7 can be a soft-hard combination circuit board, or it can be a flexible circuit board, or it can be an integrated circuit board formed by connecting a rigid circuit board and a flexible circuit board.A specific circuit board architecture 7 is not limited in this application. The electrical connector on circuit board 7 may be a board-to-board (BTB) connector or similar. In some other embodiments, the coupling between the camera module 10 and the circuit and component on the main board 500 may alternatively be implemented in a wireless connection manner. In some other embodiments, circuit board 7 may alternatively be attached to the outside of module holder 1. In this case, one end of module holder 1 may be attached to a side surface of circuit board 7.

[0078] Image sensor 6 is mounted inside the Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, page 43 / 116 33 / 87 module support 1 and is located on one side of the SMA motor 5 facing away from the lens assembly 3. The image sensor 6 is attached to one side of the circuit board 7 facing the SMA motor 5. For example, the image sensor 6 can be attached to the circuit board 7 by bonding (e.g., by applying glue). In some other embodiments, the image sensor 6 can alternatively be attached to the circuit board 7 by another means of attachment, such as soldering or snapping. The image sensor 6 converts an optical image on a light-sensitive surface of the image sensor 6 into an electrical signal at a ratio corresponding to the optical image using an optical-to-electrical conversion function of an optoelectronic device. The light-sensitive surface of the image sensor 6 is arranged facing the lens assembly 3.The image sensor 6 can be a charge-coupled device (CCD), a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) photoelectric transistor, a thin-film transistor (TFT), or similar. In some embodiments, the image sensor 6 can be electrically connected to the circuit board 7 using a plurality of bonding wires. The bonding wires can be gold wires or similar. In some other embodiments, the image sensor 6 can also be packaged on the circuit board 7 using a ball grid array (BGA).

[0079] As shown in Figure 3, in some embodiments, the camera module 10 may also include an IR cut filter 8. The IR cut filter Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, p. 44 / 116 34 / 87 is mounted inside module support 1 and located between lens assembly 3 and image sensor 6. In the Z-axis thickness direction of camera module 10, IR cut filter 8, lens assembly 3, and image sensor 6 are stacked at a spacing from each other. IR cut filter 8 is configured to filter infrared light to improve the image quality of camera module 10. For example, IR cut filter 8 may be made of blue glass. In some other embodiments, IR cut filter 8 may alternatively not be located in camera module 10.

[0080] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a voice coil motor structure 4 and lens assembly 3 of the camera module 10 shown in Figure 3.

[0081] In some embodiments, the lens assembly 3 includes a lens cylinder 31 and at least one lens 32 attached to an inner side of the lens assembly 3. For example, there may be a plurality of lenses 32, and the optical axes of the plurality of lenses 32 coincide to form a lens group, so as to implement better optical performance. The lens group may include at least one convex lens and at least one concave lens. In some embodiments, the lens group may alternatively include a self-curved surface lens. In some other embodiments, there may alternatively be a lens 32, to simplify a structure of the lens assembly 3. In this case, the lens 32 may be a convex lens to converge the light. A specific quantity and mode of combination of the lenses 32 are not strictly limited in the embodiments of this Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, p. 45 / 116 35 / 87 order. The optical axis 30 of the lens assembly 3 is an optical axis of the lens or lens group.

[0082] The voice coil motor 4 includes a mounting bracket 41, a magnetic component 42, a voice coil 43, an upper spring 44, and a lower spring 45. The mounting bracket 41 is a hollow structure with openings at both ends. The magnetic component 42 is attached to an inner side of the mounting bracket 41. The lens assembly 3 is located inside the magnetic component 42. The voice coil 43 is located between the lens cylinder 31 and the magnetic component 42 and is fixedly connected to the lens cylinder 31. When the voice coil 43 is electrified, the lens assembly 3 is driven to move in a direction parallel to the optical axis of the lens assembly 3. One side of the upper spring 44 is fixedly connected to an upper end of the lens cylinder 31, and the other side is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket 41.One side of the lower spring 45 is fixedly connected to a lower end of the lens cylinder 31 and the other side is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket 41.

[0083] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of an SMA 5 motor structure of camera module 10 shown in Figure 3.

[0084] In some embodiments, the SMA 5 motor includes an upper component 51, a lower component 52, a plurality of bearings 53 and four SMA wires 54. The lower component 52 and the upper component 51 are stacked. For example, the lower component 52 and the upper component 51 are stacked in a Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, page 46 / 116 36 / 87 spacing from each other in the Z thickness direction of camera module 10. The plurality of bearings 53 is located between the lower component 52 and the upper component 51. One end of each bearing 53 is fixedly connected to the lower component 52, and the other end is slidably connected to the upper component 51. The plurality of bearings 53 is configured to form a physical gap between the upper component 51 and the lower component 52.

[0085] With reference to Figure 3 and Figure 5. The lower component 52 of the SMA 5 motor is fixedly connected to the motor support 2, and the motor support 2 is fixedly connected to the module support 1. Therefore, the lower component 52 of the SMA 5 motor is indirectly and fixedly connected to the module support 1. For example, the lower component 52 of the SMA 5 motor can be directly connected to the motor support 2 to implement high structural stability of the camera module 10. In some other embodiments, the lower component 52 can alternatively be attached to the motor support 2 in another way, such as fixing or welding. One way of connecting the lower component 52 to the motor support 2 is not strictly limited in the embodiments of this application.

[0086] Lens assembly 3 is mounted on voice coil motor 4, and voice coil motor 4 is attached to the upper component 51 of the SMA motor 5. Therefore, lens assembly 3 is indirectly mounted on the upper component 51 of the SMA motor 5, and lens assembly 3 moves with the upper component 51 of the SMA motor 5. In some other embodiments, motor support 2 may not Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, page 47 / 116 37 / 87 is located in camera module 10, and the lower component 52 of the SMA 5 motor is directly and fixedly connected to the module support 1. In some other embodiments, the voice coil motor 4 may not be located in camera module 10, and the lens cylinder 31 of the lens assembly 3 is mounted directly on the upper component 51 of the SMA 5 motor. In this case, camera module 10 is an image stabilization module with a main lens.

[0087] Referring to Figure 5 again. One end of each SMA 54 wire is fixedly connected to the upper component 51, and the other end is fixedly connected to the lower component 52. The SMA 54 wires shrink when electrified and heated. The SMA 54 wires are made of a shape memory alloy (SMA) material, for example, a nickel-titanium alloy material. Shape memory alloys are a type of metal with a shape memory effect. Generally, a metallic material first undergoes elastic deformation when subjected to an external force, and can be restored to its original shape after the external force is removed. If the external force continues to be applied, the metallic material may undergo plastic deformation after reaching its yield point, and may not be restored to its original shape even when heated, as the plastic deformation is permanent after the external force is removed.Shape memory alloys are a type of alloy material that can completely eliminate deformation at lower temperatures and can be restored to their original shape after being heated. A basic principle of... Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, page 48 / 116 38 / 87 The operation of a shape memory alloy material is to perform shape memory training on the material by heating the material to a critical temperature and deforming the material to a specific extent. After a martensite phase is generated by cooling and then reheated to the critical temperature, a low-temperature martensite phase is transformed into a high-temperature austenite phase through a reverse phase transformation (i.e., a reverse phase change). In this way, the material is restored to its state before deformation.

[0088] In this embodiment, the heat generated when the SMA 54 wires are electrified leads to an increase in the temperature of the SMA 54 wires, so that a low-temperature martensite phase is transformed into a high-temperature austenite phase through a reverse phase transformation. The SMA 54 wires are restored to their pre-deformation state. In this way, the SMA 54 wires shrink. A change in length due to the shrinkage of the SMA 54 wires is essentially caused by a transformation between the crystalline phase structures of the material, to be more specific, the transformation between martensite and austenite. The gravity generated due to a change in crystalline structure (i.e., a change in the gap between atoms) between microscopic particles creates a tensile force when the SMA 54 macrowires shrink, much greater than the electromagnetic forces between ordinary magnetic coils.Therefore, SMA 54 wires can shrink to drive a heavier load, meaning they can handle a larger load. Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, page 49 / 116 39 / 87 In this way, the SMA 5 motor can deliver a large firing force in a small size.

[0089] In this embodiment, because the SMA 54 wires shrink when electrified and heated, a corresponding tensile force is generated in the upper component 51. Therefore, the camera module 10 can control electrical signals from the four SMA 54 wires, so that a resultant force applied by the four SMA 54 wires to the upper component 51 is directed in an expected direction, to trigger the upper component 51 to carry the voice coil motor 4 and the lens assembly 3 to move in an expected direction and position. In this way, the camera module 10 can implement image stabilization by translating the lens assembly 3.

[0090] Figure 6 is a top view of the SMA 5 motor shown in Figure 5 in some embodiments.

[0091] The SMA 5 motor includes a transparent area 50, and the transparent area 50 allows light to pass through. A part of the SMA 5 motor corresponding to the transparent area 50 is hollow, or a transparent structure is provided in the SMA 5 motor. For example, the upper component 51 of the SMA 5 motor is provided with a through hole located in the transparent area 50, the lower component 52 is provided with a through hole located in the transparent area 50, and the bearings 53 and the SMA 54 wires are all located outside the transparent area 50.

[0092] With reference to Figure 3 and Figure 6. Lens 32 of lens assembly 3 is facing directly towards the transparent area 50 of the SMA motor 5, and the sensor Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, pp. 50 / 116 Image sensor 6 (40 / 87) is configured to receive light passing through lens assembly 3 and transparent area 50. When image sensor 6 is configured to capture visible light, transparent area 50 of SMA motor 5 allows at least visible light to pass through. When image sensor 6 is configured to capture invisible light, transparent area 50 of SMA motor 5 allows at least the corresponding invisible light to pass through.

[0093] With reference to Figure 6 again. The SMA motor 5 has a first reference plane 5a and a second reference plane 5b, and the first reference plane 5a intersects the second reference plane 5b. For example, both the first reference plane 5a and the second reference plane 5b pass through the optical axis 30 of the lens assembly 3 (as shown in Figure 3). The first reference plane 5a and the second reference plane 5b are perpendicular to each other. In another embodiment, an angle between the first reference plane 5a and the second reference plane 5b may be another angle. This is not strictly limited in this application.

[0094] The four SMA 54 wires are divided into two pairs. The two pairs of SMA 54 wires are arranged symmetrically with respect to the first reference plane 5a. Two SMA 54 wires from the same pair are arranged symmetrically with respect to the second reference plane 5b. For example, the four SMA 54 wires include a first SMA 541 wire, a second SMA 542 wire, a third SMA 543 wire, and a fourth SMA 544 wire. The first SMA 541 wire and the second SMA 542 wire form a first pair of SMA wires, and the third SMA 543 wire Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, page 51 / 116 41 / 87 and the fourth SMA 544 wire form a second pair of SMA wires. The first pair of SMA wires and the second pair of SMA wires are arranged symmetrically with respect to the first reference plane 5a. The first SMA 541 wire and the second SMA 542 wire are arranged symmetrically with respect to the second reference plane 5b. The third SMA 543 wire and the fourth SMA 544 wire are arranged symmetrically with respect to the second reference plane 5b.

[0095] In this embodiment, a positional relationship between the four wires of SMA 54 is limited, so that the camera module 10 can control, by controlling the electrical signals in the four wires of SMA 54, the resulting force applied by the four wires of SMA 54 to the upper component 51 to move along the first reference plane 5a or move along the second reference plane 5b. Furthermore, the combined displacement of displacement in the first reference plane 5a and displacement in the second reference plane 5b allows the upper component 51 together with the lens assembly 3 to move to any position in the XY plane (i.e., a plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the lens assembly 3) of the camera module 10. In this way, optical image stabilization is implemented.

[0096] In some embodiments, the upper component 51 forms a circuit, the lower component 52 forms a circuit, and the circuit of the lower component 52 is electrically connected to the circuit board 7 of the camera module 10, so that a firing path is formed between the SMA wire 54 and the circuit board 7. For example, Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, page 52 / 116 42 / 87 as shown in Figure 6, the lower component 52 includes a plurality of trigger pins 521, and the plurality of trigger pins 521 can be electrically connected to the circuit board 7 using a conductive structure, such as a conductor. The circuit of the upper component 51 and the circuit of the lower component 52 can be formed by electroplating, or by bonding the flexible circuit board 7, or by metal incorporation through insert molding. This is not strictly limited in this application.

[0097] As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, the upper component 51 includes a movable crimp 511, and the movable crimp 511 is configured to secure the SMA wire 54. The lower component 52 includes a fixed crimp 522, and the fixed crimp 522 is configured to secure the SMA wire 54. One end of the SMA wire 54 is secured to the upper component 51 using the movable crimp 511, and the other end is secured to the lower component 52 using the fixed crimp 522. For example, the fixed crimp 522 and the movable crimp 511 may be made of a conductive material or form a conductive structure, so that the SMA wire 54 is electrically connected to the upper component 51 and the lower component 52.

[0098] It can be understood that the four SMA 54 wires of camera module 10 can have a plurality of specific connection methods if the previous position relationship requirements are met. This embodiment takes one of the connection methods as an example for description.

[0099] As shown in Figure 6, for example, the upper component 51 is approximately shaped like a Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, page 53 / 116 43 / 87 rectangular plate. The upper component 51 includes a top plate surface 512 facing the lens assembly 3 and peripheral side surfaces connected to a periphery of the top plate surface 512. The lens assembly 3 is mounted on the top plate surface 512 of the upper component 51. The peripheral side surfaces include a first side surface 513, a second side surface 514, a third side surface 515, and a fourth side surface 516 that are connected sequentially. The first side surface 513 and the second side surface 514 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the second reference plane 5b. The third side surface 515 and the second side surface 514 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the first reference plane 5a. The fourth side surface 516 and the third side surface 515 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the second reference plane 5b.The first lateral surface 513 and the fourth lateral surface 516 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the first reference plane 5a. In some other embodiments, the upper component 51 may alternatively have another shape, for example, a rounded rectangular plate shape or a circular plate shape. It can be understood that each lateral surface of the peripheral lateral surfaces of the upper component 51 changes shape adaptively with a shape of the upper component 51.

[00100] The lower component 52 includes an intermediate area 523 facing directly towards the upper component 51, and border areas arranged around the area Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, page 54 / 116 44 / 87 intermediate 523. The plurality of bearings 53 is attached to the intermediate area 523. In this case, the plurality of bearings 53 supports the upper component 51 more stably. For example, there are four bearings 53. The four bearings 53 are respectively supported at four diagonal corners of the upper component 51. The four bearings 53 can be located in the first reference plane 5a and in the second reference plane 5b in pairs. A specific distance is formed between the plurality of bearings 53 and the edges of the upper component 51, so that when the upper component 51 moves, the plurality of bearings 53 can maintain contact with the upper component 51 to support the upper component 51.

[00101] The edge areas of the lower component 52 include a first edge area 524, a second edge area 525, a third edge area 526, and a fourth edge area 527. The first edge area 524 and the first lateral surface 513 are arranged correspondingly. The second edge area 525 and the second lateral surface 514 are arranged correspondingly. The third edge area 526 and the third lateral surface 515 are arranged correspondingly. The fourth edge area 527 and the fourth lateral surface 516 are arranged correspondingly. The first edge area 524 and the fourth edge area 527 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the first reference plane 5a. The third edge area 526 and the second edge area 525 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the first reference plane. Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, pp. 55 / 116 45 / 87 5a. The fourth border area 527 and the third border area 526 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the second reference plane 5b. The first border area 524 and the fourth border area 527 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the first reference plane 5a.

[00102] It may be understood that, in this embodiment, the lower component 52 has the approximate shape of a rectangular plate. In some other embodiments, the shape of the lower component 52 may alternatively change adaptively with the shape of the upper component 51. In some other embodiments, the shape of the lower component 52 may alternatively be different from the shape of the upper component 51. This is not strictly limited in this application.

[00103] It may be understood that, in this embodiment, the first border area 524, the second border area 525, the third border area 526, and the fourth border area 527 are connected sequentially to form continuous border areas. In another embodiment, the first border area 524, the second border area 525, the third border area 526, and the fourth border area 527 may alternatively be arranged at a spacing from each other, or they may be partially spaced and partially continuous. This is not strictly limited in this application.

[00104] One end of the first SMA 541 wire is attached to an end that is of the first lateral surface 513 of the upper component 51 and that is close to the second lateral surface 514. The other end of the first SMA 541 wire is attached to an end that is of the first edge area 524 of the lower component 52 and that Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, pp. 56 / 116 46 / 87 is close to the fourth edge area 527. The second SMA wire 542 and the first SMA wire 541 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the second reference plane 5b. One end of the second SMA wire 542 is attached to an end that is on the second lateral surface 514 of the upper component 51 and is close to the first lateral surface 513. The other end of the second SMA wire 542 is attached to an end that is on the second edge area 525 of the lower component 52 and is close to the third edge area 526. The third SMA wire 543 and the second SMA wire 542 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the first reference plane 5a. One end of the third SMA wire 543 is attached to an end that is on the third lateral surface 515 of the upper component 51 and is close to the fourth lateral surface 516.The other end of the third SMA wire 543 is attached to an end that is on the third edge area 526 of the lower component 52 and is close to the second edge area 525. The fourth SMA wire 544 and the third SMA wire 543 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the second reference plane 5b. One end of the fourth SMA wire 544 is attached to an end that is on the fourth lateral surface 516 of the upper component 51 and is close to the third lateral surface 515. The other end of the fourth SMA wire 544 is attached to an end that is on the fourth edge area 527 of the lower component 52 and is close to the first edge area 524.

[00105] In this embodiment, one end of the SMA 54 wire is attached to a diagonal corner of the upper component. Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, page 57 / 116 47 / 87 and the other end is attached to a diagonal corner of the lower component 52, so that the SMA wire 54 can have sufficient length when space in the SMA motor 5 is limited. In this way, the SMA wire 54 has a sufficient amount of expansion, so that the SMA motor 5 can have a greater actuation range, and the camera module 10 can have better image stabilization performance.

[00106] In some other embodiments, one end of the first SMA wire 541 may alternatively be attached to one end of the first lateral surface 513 of the upper component 51 near the fourth lateral surface 516. The other end of the first SMA wire 541 is attached to one end of the first edge area 524 of the lower component 52 near the second edge area 525. The positions of the second SMA wire 542, the third SMA wire 543, and the fourth SMA wire 544 change adaptively with the position of the first SMA wire 541.

[00107] It can be understood that the positions of both ends of the SMA 54 wire can be arranged using the movable crimp 511 of the upper component 51 and the fixed crimp 522 of the lower component 52. In other words, the positions of the movable crimp 511 and the fixed crimp 522 are adjusted based on a position requirement of the SMA 54 wire. This is not strictly limited in this application.

[00108] It can be understood that, in the Z thickness direction of camera module 10, the heights of the four SMA 54 wires can be the same, in other words, a Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, pp. 58 / 116 48 / 87 height at one end connected to the upper component 51 of the SMA 54 wire is the same as the height at one end connected to the lower component 52 of the SMA 54 wire, so that the four SMA 54 wires trigger the upper component 51 to move. In Figure 5, to conveniently show the structures and positional differences of the plurality of SMA 54 wires, the SMA 54 wires are stretched in an inclined manner. For example, crimp structures and positions (e.g., fixed crimp 522 and movable crimp 511 in Figure 5) used to fasten the SMA 54 wires can be designed so that the positions of the SMA 54 wires meet the requirements. For example, the fixed crimp 522 in Figure 5 can have a large volume or it can be designed as a small overhang structure, so that the heights at both ends of the SMA 54 wire are consistent.Certainly, in another modality, crimping may alternatively have a different implementation structure. This is not strictly limited to this application.

[00109] Referring to Figure 6 again. In some embodiments, the SMA motor 5 may further include two spring arms 55. Incubation is performed on structures of the spring arms 55 to highlight the spring arms 55 in Figure 6. The spring arms 55 are each L-shaped. Each of the spring arms 55 includes a fixed end 551 and a movable end 552. The movable end 552 of the spring arm 55 is attached to the upper component 51, and the fixed end 551 of the spring arm 55 is attached to the lower component 52, for example, it may be attached to the intermediate area 523 of the component. Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, pp. 59 / 116 49 / 87 lower 52. The two spring arms 55 are arranged centrosymmetrically, and a symmetrical center is a line of intersection of the first reference plane 5a and the second reference plane 5b. When the upper component 51 moves, the two centrosymmetrical spring arms 55 are deformed to the same extent.

[00110] In this embodiment, the spring arm 55 of the SMA 5 motor can balance and dampen a force exerted on the upper component 51 in a process in which the SMA 54 wire is electrified to trigger the upper component 51 to carry the voice coil motor 4 and the lens assembly 3 to move, so that the upper component 51 moves more stably. When the SMA 54 wire is switched off, the spring arm 55 of the SMA 5 motor can still trigger, using an elastic force generated through the deformation of the spring arm 55 in a process in which the SMA 54 wire is electrified to trigger the upper component 51 to move, the upper component 51 to carry the voice coil motor 4 and the lens assembly 3 to return to an initial position.In other words, in the SMA 5 motor, the SMA 54 wire shrinks when electrified, and the pulling force of the SMA 54 wire triggers the upper component 51 to carry the voice coil motor 4 and the lens assembly 3 to generate a precise optical image stabilization stroke. After the SMA 54 wire is de-energized, a restoring force from the spring arm 55 triggers the upper component 51 to carry the voice coil motor 4 and the lens assembly 3 back to a natural center. Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, pp. 60 / 116 50 / 87

[00111] Furthermore, the fixed end 551 of the spring arm 55 is attached to the intermediate area 523 of the lower component 52, so that the activity space of the spring arm 55 does not overlap with the activity space of the SMA wires 54. This can prevent interference between the spring arm 55 and the SMA wire 54 in a movement process of the upper component 51.

[00112] In some other embodiments, the fixed end 551 of the spring arm 55 may alternatively be attached to a peripheral area of ​​the lower component 52. A position for attaching the fixed end 551 of the spring arm 55 is not strictly limited in this application.

[00113] For example, the two spring arms 55 can be integrally formed into the upper component 51, to simplify the mounting structure of the SMA 5 motor. In this way, the SMA 5 motor has better structural stability. For example, the spring arm 55 and the upper component 51 can be integrally formed by engraving or otherwise. In another embodiment, the movable end 552 of the spring arm 55 can alternatively be attached to the upper component 51 by welding or similar means. This is not strictly limited in this application. The fixed end 551 of the spring arm 55 can be attached to the lower component 52 by welding or similar means. This is not strictly limited in this application.

[00114] As shown in Figure 6, for example, the spring arm 55 includes a first branch 55a and a second branch 55b connected to the first branch 55a. One end that is from the first branch 55a and away from the second branch 55b is the movable end. Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, pp. 61 / 116 51 / 87 552, and is fixedly connected to the upper component 51. One end, which is from the second branch 55b and away from the first branch 55a, is the fixed end 551, and is fixedly connected to the lower component 52. A first branch 55a of one spring arm 55 of the two spring arms 55 is parallel to the first lateral surface 513, and a second branch 55b of one spring arm 55 of the two spring arms 55 is parallel to the fourth lateral surface 516. A first branch 55a of the other spring arm 55 of the two spring arms 55 is parallel to the third lateral surface 515, and a second branch 55b of the other spring arm 55 of the two spring arms 55 is parallel to the second lateral surface 514. In this embodiment, the shapes and positions of the two spring arms 55 adapt to the upper component 51, so that the two spring arms 55 have better balancing effects. and shock absorber in the upper component 51.

[00115] In some other embodiments, the first branch 55a of a spring arm 55 of the two spring arms 55 is parallel to the first lateral surface 513, and the second branch 55b of a spring arm 55 of the two spring arms 55 is parallel to the fourth lateral surface 516. One end that is of the first branch 55a of the spring arm 55 and away from the second branch 55b is the fixed end 551, and is fixedly connected to the lower component 52. One end that is of the second branch 55b and away from the first branch 55a is the movable end 552, and is fixedly connected to the upper component 51.

[00116] As shown in Figure 6, in some Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, pp. 62 / 116 In 52 / 87 embodiments, the peripheral side surfaces of the upper component 51 are partially recessed to form two L-shaped deflection grooves 517. Each deflection groove 517 extends from one side surface of the upper component 51 to another side surface of the upper component 51. The two spring arms 55 are arranged respectively corresponding to the two deflection grooves 517. The movable end 552 of the spring arm 55 is attached to a side wall of the deflection groove 517, and the side wall of the deflection groove 517 is connected to the peripheral side surface of the upper component 51.

[00117] In this embodiment, for the SMA 5 motor, the bypass slot 517 of the upper component 51 and the space below the bypass slot 517 are used as mounting space and activity space for the spring arm 55, so that the spring arm 55 and the upper component 51 are arranged more compactly. In this way, the SMA 5 motor is easier to miniaturize.

[00118] In some other embodiments, the movable end 552 of the spring arm 55 may alternatively be attached to a plate surface of the upper component 51 facing the lower component 52. In this case, no offset groove 517 needs to be disposed of in the upper component 51, a structure of the upper component 51 is relatively complete, and the upper component 51 is easier to process.

[00119] In some embodiments of this application, the spring arm 55 has pre-pressure, to press the upper component 51 into the bearing 53, so as to reduce a Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, pp. 63 / 116 53 / 87 difference of the SMA 5 motor in different postures, and improve the control accuracy of the SMA 5 motor. It can be understood that when the SMA 5 motor has a downward posture in lens assembly 3, bearing 53 can be separated from the upper component 51 due to the weight of bearing 53. As a result, the relative position of lens assembly 3 in relation to motor support 2 changes (i.e., the relative position of lens assembly 3 changes in different postures, which is referred to as posture difference impact). Consequently, the motor performance varies in different postures.

[00120] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a spring arm structure 55 of the SMA 5 motor shown in Figure 6 in some embodiments. Figure 7 also shows structures of the upper component 51, the lower component 52 and the bearing 53 of the SMA 5 motor, to facilitate the description of the spring arm 55.

[00121] In some embodiments, a height difference is formed between the movable end 552 of the spring arm 55 and the fixed end 551 of the spring arm 55, to form the prepressure. A height at the movable end 552 of the spring arm 55 can be understood as a distance between a center of the movable end 552 of the spring arm 55 and a top surface (i.e., a surface facing the upper component 51) of the lower component 52. A height at the fixed end 551 of the spring arm 55 can be understood as a distance between a center of the fixed end 551 of the spring arm 55 and the top surface of the lower component 52.

[00122] For example, the height difference between the Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, pp. 64 / 116 54 / 87 movable end 552 of spring arm 55 and fixed end 551 of spring arm 55 can be a height difference between a fixed position of movable end 552 and a fixed position of fixed end 551. For example, because the fixed end 551 of spring arm 55 is attached to the lower component 52, the movable end 552 of spring arm 55 is attached to the upper component 51, and the upper component 51 is located above the lower component 52, a height difference is formed between the movable end 552 of spring arm 55 and the fixed end 551 of spring arm 55.

[00123] In some other embodiments, the height difference between the movable end 552 of the spring arm 55 and the fixed end 551 of the spring arm 55 can also be generated by a shape of the spring arm 55.

[00124] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a spring arm structure 55 of the SMA 5 motor shown in Figure 6 in some other embodiments. Figure 8 also shows structures of the upper component 51, the lower component 52 and the bearing 53 of the SMA 5 motor, to facilitate the description of the spring arm 55.

[00125] In some other embodiments, the spring arm 55 may further include a bending portion 553, the bending portion 553 is located between the fixed end 551 and the movable end 552, and the bending portion 553 projects in a direction away from the lower motor component 52.

[00126] In this configuration, the bending part 553 is configured to allow the spring arm 55 to form the pre-pressure. In this case, there may be a height difference. Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, pp. 65 / 116 55 / 87 between the movable end 552 and the fixed end 551 of the spring arm 55, and prepressure is formed, or no prepressure is formed, or the prepressure is small. Alternatively, no height difference may be formed between the movable end 552 and the fixed end 551 of the spring arm 55.

[00127] Factors such as the shape, size, and position of the bending part 553 may be a structure shown in Figure 8, or there may be another design solution. For example, the position of an upward bending inflection point and / or the position of a downward bending inflection point of the bending part are / is changed, or the shape of the bending part is changed. Factors such as a specific shape, size, and position of the bending part are not strictly limited in this application.

[00128] In some other embodiments, the spring arm 55 may alternatively not include the bending part 553, and the spring arm 55 implements the prepressure using the height difference between the movable end 552 and the fixed end 551 or using another design solution. One way of forming the prepress by the spring arm 55 is not strictly limited in this application.

[00129] Figure 9 is a top view of the SMA 5 engine shown in Figure 5 in some other embodiments. In the event of no conflict, this embodiment includes most of the technical features of the embodiment in Figure 5 (including features that are described in more detail below for the embodiment in Figure 5). The main difference between this embodiment and the previous embodiment lies in the fact that: Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, pp. 66 / 116 56 / 87 In some embodiments, the SMA 5 motor also includes four spring arms 55. For example, each of the spring arms 55 has the form of a long strip. Each of the spring arms 55 includes a fixed end 551 and a movable end 552. The movable end 552 of the spring arm 55 is attached to the upper component 51, and the fixed end 551 of the spring arm 55 is attached to the lower component 52, for example, attached to the intermediate area 523 of the lower component 52. The four spring arms 55 are divided into two pairs. The two pairs of spring arms 55 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the first reference plane 5a. Two spring arms 55 of the same pair are arranged symmetrically with respect to the second reference plane 5b. For example, the four spring arms 55 may be respectively parallel to four lateral surfaces of the upper component 51.

[00130] In this embodiment, the spring arm 55 of the SMA 5 motor can balance and dampen a force exerted on the upper component 51 in a process in which the SMA 54 wire is electrified to trigger the upper component 51 to carry the voice coil motor 4 and the lens assembly 3 to move, so that the upper component 51 moves more stably. Furthermore, when the SMA 54 wire is disconnected, the spring arm 55 of the SMA 5 motor can still trigger, using an elastic force generated through the deformation of the spring arm 55 in a process in which the SMA 54 wire is electrified to trigger the upper component 51 to move, the upper component 51 to carry the voice coil motor 4 and the lens assembly 3 to move back. Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, pp. 67 / 116 57 / 87 for an initial position. Furthermore, a 55 arrangement ratio of the four spring arms corresponds to a 54 arrangement ratio of the SMA wires. Therefore, the four 55 spring arms can better implement a balancing function and a restoring function.

[00131] Furthermore, the fixed end 551 of the spring arm 55 is attached to the intermediate area 523 of the lower component 52, so that the activity space of the spring arm 55 does not overlap with the activity space of the SMA wires 54. This can prevent interference between the spring arm 55 and the SMA wire 54 in a movement process of the upper component 51.

[00132] It can be understood that the spring arm 55 shown in Figure 9 may also have a prepressure, and a prepressure adjustment solution may be the solution in Figure 7 or the solution in Figure 8.

[00133] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the SMA 5 motor shown in Figure 5. Figure 10 clearly shows a structure of the SMA 5 motor, and shows partial filling of the SMA 5 motor structure.

[00134] In some embodiments, each bearing 53 of the SMA 5 motor includes a lubrication lining 531. The lubrication lining 531 is disposed at one end that is of the bearing 53 and close to the upper component 51, and is in contact with the upper component 51.

[00135] In this embodiment, the lubrication lining 531 can reduce the coefficient of friction between the upper component 51 and the bearing 53. Therefore, Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, pp. 68 / 116 58 / 87 in a process in which the SMA 54 wire of the SMA 5 motor pulls the upper component 51 and the lens assembly 3 to move relative to the bearing 53 and implements image stabilization, a frictional force between the upper component 51 and the bearing 53 is small, and the precision of the SMA 5 motor's path control is high, so that the amount of jitter of the upper component 51 and the lens assembly 3 is reduced, and the low-frequency ripple jitter when an image capture viewing interface is stationary is reduced. Furthermore, because the lubrication coating 531 is arranged in a solution in which the spring arm 55 forms the pre-pressure (see Figure 7 or Figure 8), a frictional force between the upper component 51 and the bearing 53 can still be controlled to be very small.

[00136] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the impact of a frictional force between an upper component and a bearing of an SMA motor on a lens assembly in a motion process. A motion process of the lens assembly (shown by a circle) shown at the top of Figure 11 corresponds to a case where there is no frictional force or very little frictional force between the upper component and the bearing (e.g., the SMA motor structure 5 shown in Figure 10). A motion process of the lens assembly shown at the bottom of Figure 11 corresponds to a case where there is a large frictional force between the upper component and the bearing.

[00137] In the SMA motor, position control is implemented using a difference in the actual length of two opposing SMA wires, and a length of one SMA wire. Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, pp. 69 / 116 59 / 87 is directly related to resistance. Within a specific range, the length of the SMA wire is linearly related to the resistance; that is, a longer SMA wire indicates a higher resistance. Therefore, when different trigger control signals are sent to the four SMA wires, a resistance difference between two SMA wires in relative positions can be used as a feedback signal for a difference in the length of the SMA wires (i.e., an actual motor position), to provide real-time feedback on the positions of the top component and lens assembly.Furthermore, a control system reads a real-time resistance feedback parameter and then outputs a real-time trigger control signal based on an ambient jitter signal (this application mainly refers to lens jitter when the camera module is in a static state and therefore a gyroscope signal is not considered) fed back by a gyroscope, to implement position control on the top component and lens assembly.

[00138] In a real SMA motor manufacturing and control process, because the original lengths of the four SMA wires are deviated, even if the same trigger voltage signal is sent, the degrees of wire shrinkage are inconsistent. Furthermore, since there is friction between the bearing and the upper component, a target position of the control signal is deviated from an actual movement position of the upper component (i.e., control accuracy is limited). Therefore, feedback compensation is continuously performed between a signal of Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, pp. 70 / 116 60 / 87 resistance feedback and the trigger control signal, and a slight real-time jitter is generated on a display interface.

[00139] The SMA motor uses the resistance of the SMA wire to provide real-time feedback on the movement position of the upper component (the movement position of the upper component is a movement position of the lens assembly), and continuously performs feedback compensation, i.e., closed-loop feedback. Therefore, when there is a large frictional force opposing the direction of movement, the lens assembly almost moves to a position due to the resistance, whereas the lens assembly should have moved precisely to the position (i.e., the control accuracy is reduced). In this case, the control system detects, through a resistor, that the lens assembly is not moving to the theoretical position, and then increases a trigger signal (i.e., compensation) to increase the pulling force of the SMA wire, so that the lens assembly moves to the theoretical position. Furthermore, due to the frictional force, the compensation is greater than when there is no frictional force.However, compensation can be overcompensated (i.e., compensation accuracy is limited). When compensation is overcompensated, the firing force of the SMA wire is reduced. In this case, the lens assembly moves inversely to approach the theoretical position. In this case, the direction of the friction force changes, and the impact on the compensation effect is greater than when there is no friction force. As shown in Figure 11, the friction force reduces control accuracy and compensation accuracy. As... Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, pp. 71 / 116 61 / 87 resistance feedback compensation is performed in real time, i.e., the previous compensation action is performed continuously, a final result is that a real position of the lens assembly fluctuates back and forth in the theoretical position, resulting in a slight jitter (jitter) of a viewing image of the camera module. Because of the frictional force, this degree of jitter is more severe than when there is no friction or when there is little friction. In this embodiment of this application, the SMA 5 motor is provided with the 531 lubrication coating, so that a frictional force between the upper component 51 and a bearing support 53 can be significantly reduced, control accuracy is improved, and a quantity of jitter (e.g., jitter amplitude and jitter times) of the lens assembly 3 is reduced.

[00140] The applicant confirms through experiments that, in an image capture application (including a video recording mode and a photo mode) of a camera module that includes an SMA motor, when the camera module is enabled, an image capture preview interface remains stationary, and no photographs are taken, i.e., when an image stabilization function is enabled (serve-on), but the camera module does not have image stabilization operation, low-frequency ripple jitter can be observed in the image capture preview interface. Furthermore, the jitter is amplified when focus magnification is increased, and is more likely to be detected in a high-light environment. However, in Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, pp. 72 / 116 62 / 87 compared with a conventional solution, in this embodiment of this application, jitter of the camera module 10 using the SMA 5 motor in a static image capture viewing interface is significantly reduced.

[00141] Still referring to Figure 10. In this embodiment of this application, the SMA 5 motor is provided with lubrication coating 531 on bearing 53, to reduce frictional force between bearing 53 and upper component 51. Therefore, the travel control accuracy of the SMA 5 motor can be improved without affecting anti-jitter performance. A certain amount of jitter is reduced using hardware, so that an improvement effect is not affected due to SMA 54 wire length or software triggering. This has technical universality and does not increase a new reliability risk, and the SMA 5 motor can be mass-produced without significantly increasing manufacturing costs.

[00142] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of a bearing structure 53 of the SMA 5 motor shown in Figure 10 in some embodiments.

[00143] In some embodiments, each bearing 53 further includes a bearing housing 532. One end of the bearing housing 532 is attached to the lower component 52, and the lubrication lining 531 is attached to the other end of the bearing housing 532. For example, the bearing housing 532 may be made of metal. In some other embodiments, the bearing housing 532 may be made of an organic polymer material, for example, polyformaldehyde (POM) or another type of material.

[00144] In some forms, the coating of Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, pp. 73 / 116 63 / 87 lubrication 531 includes a metallic layer 531a, a metallic inorganic compound layer 531b, and an inorganic layer 531c that are stacked sequentially. The metallic layer 531a of the lubrication lining 531 is attached to the bearing body 532. The inorganic layer 531c of the lubrication lining 531 is in contact with the upper component 51. The metallic layer 531a and the metallic inorganic compound layer 531b include the same element, and the metallic inorganic compound layer 531b and the inorganic layer 531c include the same element.

[00145] In this embodiment, an upper layer that is part of the lubrication coating 531 and distant from the bearing body 532 is the inorganic layer 531c, and the inorganic layer 531c has high hardness and is smooth. Therefore, the lubrication coating 531 as a whole has better lubrication performance, and can effectively reduce frictional force between the bearing 53 and the upper component 51, so that the accuracy of the SMA 5 motor's travel control is better. In addition, the inorganic layer 531c can also play an insulating role, to effectively and electrically isolate the bearing 53 from the upper component 51, and reduce the risk of a short circuit between the bearing 53 and the upper component 51.

[00146] Furthermore, a bottom layer that is part of the lubrication lining 531 and attached to the bearing body 532 is the metallic layer 531a, and the metallic layer 531a has high flexibility and is not prone to cracking. Therefore, the lubrication lining 531 can be better attached to the bearing body 532, and has high Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, pp. 74 / 116 64 / 87 Flexibility and High Reliability. An intermediate layer located between the metallic layer 531a and the inorganic layer 531c of the lubrication coating 531 is the metallic inorganic compound layer 531b. The metallic inorganic compound layer 531b and the metallic layer 531a have the same element, and the metallic inorganic compound layer 531b and the inorganic layer 531c also have the same element. Therefore, the metallic inorganic compound layer 531b can smoothly transition between the metallic layer 531a and the inorganic layer 531c, so that the bonding performance between the metallic layer 531a and the inorganic layer 531c is improved, and the lubrication coating 531 has high integrity and greater structural reliability.

[00147] In some embodiments, the inorganic layer 531c is a carbon layer, and a surface layer structure that is of the inorganic layer 531c and facing away from the metallic inorganic compound layer 531b is a diamond-like structure. That is, a diamond-like carbon (DLC) film is formed on the surface layer of the lubrication coating 531. The diamond-like carbon film is made of carbon elements, is similar in nature to a diamond, and has a substance in a graphite atomic composition structure. The diamond-like carbon film is an amorphous film and possesses characteristics of high hardness, high modulus of elasticity, low friction factor, wear resistance, and good vacuum morphotactic properties, so that the lubrication coating 531 is resistant to wear and a frictional force between the bearing 53 and the component. Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, pp. 75 / 116 65 / 87 superior 51 can be effectively reduced.

[00148] In some embodiments, the metallic layer 531a is a chromium layer, and the metallic inorganic compound layer 531b is a carbon-chromium compound layer. In this embodiment, chromium is used as a metallic material of the metallic layer 531a and the metallic inorganic compound layer 531b of the lubrication coating 531, so that the carbon layer whose surface layer is a diamond-like structure has better adhesion to the carbon-chromium compound layer at its bottom, and the reliability of the overall structure of the lubrication coating 531 is greater.

[00149] For example, in this application, the lubrication coating 531 can be formed on the surface of the bearing body 532 using a physical vapor deposition (PVD) technology and a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technology, so that the lubrication coating 531 has a thin thickness, high strength and a small coefficient of friction.

[00150] For example, physical vapor deposition technology is a technology in which high-energy plasma particles are used to bombard atoms or atomic groups from a source material (target) from the target under approximate vacuum conditions, and deposit the atoms or atomic groups onto the surface of a substrate (i.e., a coated object) under the action of an electric field, to form a film. One of the main methods of physical vapor deposition is spray coating. The basic principle of spray coating Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, pp. 76 / 116 66 / 87 spraying is the process of using a high-energy electric field to ionize the cavity gases (argon gas is used as the conventional gas) into a plasma state under vacuum conditions, and then accelerating the electric field to bombard the target surface at high speed, so that the atoms on the target surface gain sufficient energy and spray off the target surface. The sprayed target particles deposit on the substrate surface and gradually accumulate into a film, which is called a spray coating. The high-energy particles in the spray coating are usually obtained from the ambient cavity gas of a device through incandescent discharge. Within an atmospheric pressure range of 10⁻² - 10⁻⁴ Pa, the high-energy particles accelerate their motion in the electric field and bombard the target.When flying towards the substrate, the sprayed target particles are prone to colliding with gas molecules in a vacuum chamber. In this way, the direction of movement is random, and the film is easily deposited uniformly. Generally, a spraying method of more than one target is referred to as co-sputtering, and a method in which a chemical reaction occurs when an ambient cavity gas is mixed with sprayed particles is referred to as reactive sputtering. PVD technology is commonly used to grow metallic films or metallic inorganic compound films.

[00151] The principle of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is relatively simple. CVD ionizes cavity gases and causes plasma gases to react with each other to Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, pp. 77 / 116 67 / 87 form compounds or simple substances. CVD is generally used to deposit non-metallic inorganic films.

[00152] In this embodiment, the lubrication coating 531 is formed using three-phase technologies: conventional physical vapor deposition spraying, reactive physical vapor deposition spraying, and chemical vapor deposition spraying. For example, in the first phase, a metal target (e.g., chromium) is used, and the metallic layer 531a of the lubrication coating 531 is coated onto the bearing body 532 using conventional physical vapor deposition spraying technology. This process is a conventional physical vapor deposition spraying process. Subsequently, in the second phase, a chemical gas (e.g., a gas containing element C such as acetylene (C2H2) and methane (CH4)) is introduced into a vapor deposition cavity, and the chemical gas is ionized into plasmas. The plasmas participate in the deposition process and react chemically with metal ions to generate inorganic metal compounds (such as carbon-chromium compounds).Metallic inorganic compounds are stacked on the surface of the metallic layer 531a of the lubrication coating 531 to form the metallic inorganic compound layer 531b of the lubrication coating 531. This process is a reactive spraying process by physical vapor deposition. Then, in the third phase, a reactive spraying rate is gradually reduced to increase the chemical vapor deposition spraying rate, and then the transition to a full chemical vapor deposition spraying phase is implemented. The insulators. Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, pp. 78 / 116 68 / 87 inorganic compounds generated through chemical vapor deposition continue to cover the metallic inorganic compound layer 531b of the lubrication coating 531, to form the inorganic layer 531c (e.g., the carbon layer) and finally form the lubrication coating 531 with a stacked three-layer structure shown in Figure 12.

[00153] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of a basic structure of a reaction device 20 for preparing the lubrication coating 531.

[00154] The reaction device 20 includes a cavity wall 201, an air inlet 202, a material outlet 203, two target mounting ports 204, and a rolling turntable 205. A reaction cavity 206 is formed on an inner side of the cavity wall 201, the air inlet 202 is connected to the reaction cavity 206 and the exterior of the reaction device 20, the material outlet 203 is connected to the reaction cavity 206 and the exterior of the reaction device 20, the target mounting ports 204 are connected to the reaction cavity 206 and are used to mount a target, and the rolling turntable 205 is configured to mount a single-layer substrate to be coated. There may also be more target mounting ports 204.

[00155] In some embodiments, when the lubrication lining 531 shown in Figure 12 is prepared using the reaction device 20 shown in Figure 13, the bearing body 532 is mounted on the bearing turntable 205, two metal targets 207 (by Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, pp. 79 / 116 69 / 87 example, chrome) are mounted respectively on the two target mounting ports 204, and organic gas (e.g., acetylene) enters from the air inlet 202. In a film coating process, the bearing body 532 rotates between the two metallic targets 207. Plasma particles (e.g., argon ions (Ar), shown by hollow circles in the figure) from the reaction cavity 206 first bombard the metallic target 207, so that the target particles (shown by filled circles in the figure) are sprayed. The metallic layer 531a of the lubricating coating 531 is first formed on the bearing body 532, and then the reaction gases are simultaneously introduced, so that reactive spraying is initiated.Furthermore, a ratio of conventional spraying and reactive spraying is regulated, so that the amount of deposition of the metallic target 207 gradually decreases, a transition layer, i.e., the metallic inorganic compound layer 531b, generated by reactive spraying gradually increases, and the metallic inorganic compound layer 531b is formed on the metallic layer 531a of the lubrication coating 531. Finally, the metal spraying is controlled to stop, transitioning to a chemical vapor deposition phase in which only the reaction gases react is carried out, and the inorganic layer 531c is formed on the metallic inorganic compound layer 531b of the lubrication coating 531.

[00156] It can be understood that the multilayer structure of the lubrication coating 531 is, in fact, an integrated structure, that is, a structure of Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, pages 80 / 116 70 / 87 integrated coating. The metallic layer 531a, the metallic inorganic composite layer 531b, and the inorganic layer 531c transition gradually. An interface between the metallic layer 531a and the metallic inorganic composite layer 531b, and an interface between the metallic inorganic composite layer 531b and the inorganic layer 531c, are both diffuse interfaces, and are in a state where two layers of materials are mixed together.

[00157] In this embodiment, the thickness of the lubrication coating 531 can be controlled to a micron (pm) level. For example, the total thickness of the lubrication coating 531 can be within a range of 5 pm to 10 pm, and the thickness of the diamond-like structure on the surface of the inorganic layer 531c of the lubrication coating 531 can be within a range of 1 μm to 3 pm. The thickness of each layer of the lubrication coating 531 and the total thickness of the lubrication coating 531 can also have other values ​​or ranges. This is not strictly limited in this application.

[00158] In some other embodiments, the inorganic layer 531c of the lubrication coating 531 may also be a carbon layer whose surface layer has a non-diamond-like structure. In this case, the inorganic layer 531c of the lubrication coating 531 still has lubricity, but the lubricity is poorer than in the previous solution having the surface layer with the diamond-like structure.

[00159] In some other embodiments, the inorganic layer 531c of the lubrication coating 531 is a Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, pp. 81 / 116 The 71 / 87 carbon layer and a surface layer structure that is part of the inorganic layer 531c of the lubrication coating 531 and faces away from the metallic inorganic compound layer 531b of the lubrication coating 531 is a diamond-like structure. The metallic layer 531a of the lubrication coating 531 is a titanium (Ti) layer, and the metallic inorganic compound layer 531b is a carbon-titanium compound layer.

[00160] In some other embodiments, the inorganic layer 531c of the lubrication coating 531 is a silicon (Si) layer. The metallic layer 531a of the lubrication coating 531 may be a titanium layer or a chromium layer, and the metallic inorganic compound layer 531b is correspondingly a silicon-titanium compound layer or a silicon-chromium compound layer. In this case, a chemical gas entering the reaction cavity 206 of the reaction device 20 may be silane.

[00161] In some other embodiments, the inorganic layer 531c of the lubrication coating 531 may also be made of another inorganic material that can implement lubrication, and the metallic layer 531a of the lubrication coating 531 may also be made of another material. This is not strictly limited in this application.

[00162] Referring to Figure 10 again. The lubrication lining 531 may also extend to a peripheral side surface of the bearing body 532. Specifically, the bearing body 532 includes a top surface facing the component. Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, pp. 82 / 116 72 / 87 top 51, a bottom surface facing the lower component 52 and the peripheral side surface connected between the top surface and the bottom surface. The lubrication coating 531 covers the entire top surface, and may also cover part of the peripheral side surface or the entire peripheral side surface.

[00163] With reference to Figure 10. In some embodiments, the upper component 51 includes an upper component body 518 and an upper cover 519. The upper cover 519 is attached to one side of the upper component body 518 and close to the bearing 53. For example, the upper cover 519 may be a lubrication cover. The upper cover 519 is in contact with the lubrication cover 531 of the bearing 53, to further reduce the frictional force between the upper component 51 and the bearing 53, so that the accuracy of the SMA motor's path control 5 is greater, and the amount of jitter of the camera module's lens assembly 3 is reduced.

[00164] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the upper component 51 of the SMA 5 motor shown in Figure 10 in some embodiments. In some embodiments, the upper coating 519 includes a metallic layer 519a, a metallic inorganic compound layer 519b, and an inorganic layer 519c that are stacked sequentially. The metallic layer 519a is attached to the upper component body 518, the metallic layer 519a and the metallic inorganic compound layer 519b include the same element, and the metallic inorganic compound layer 519b and Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, pp. 83 / 116 73 / 87 the inorganic layer 519c include the same element.

[00165] In this embodiment, an upper layer that is part of the top coating 519 and distant from the body of the upper component 518 is the inorganic layer 519c, and the inorganic layer 519c has high hardness and is smooth. Therefore, the top coating 519 as a whole has better lubricating performance, and can effectively reduce frictional force between the bearing 53 and the upper component 51, so that the accuracy of the SMA 5 motor's path control is better. In addition, the inorganic layer 519c can also play an insulating role, to effectively and electrically isolate the bearing 53 from the upper component 51, and reduce the risk of a short circuit between the bearing 53 and the upper component 51.

[00166] Furthermore, a base layer that is part of the top coating 519 and attached to the top component body 518 is the metallic layer 519a, and the metallic layer 519a has high flexibility and is not prone to cracking. Therefore, the top coating 519 can be better attached to the top component body 518 and possesses high flexibility and high reliability. An intermediate layer located between the metallic layer 519a and the inorganic layer 519c of the top coating 519 is the metallic inorganic composite layer 519b; the metallic inorganic composite layer 519b and the metallic layer 519a have the same element, and the metallic inorganic composite layer 519b and the inorganic layer 519c also have the same element. Therefore, the metallic inorganic composite layer 519b can smoothly transition between the layers. Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, pp. 84 / 116 74 / 87 metallic 519a and the inorganic layer 519c, so that the bonding performance between the metallic layer 519a and the inorganic layer 519c is improved, and the top coating 519 has high integrity and greater structural reliability.

[00167] In some embodiments, the inorganic layer 519c of the top coating 519 is a carbon layer, and a surface layer structure that is of the inorganic layer 519c of the top coating 519 and facing away from the metallic inorganic compound layer 519b of the top coating 519 is a diamond-like structure. That is, a diamond-like carbon (DLC) film is formed on the surface layer of the top coating 519. In this case, the inorganic layer 519c of the top coating 519 allows for good wear resistance of the top coating 519, and can effectively reduce frictional force between the bearing 53 and the top component 51.

[00168] In some embodiments, the metallic layer 519a of the top coating 519 is a chromium layer, and the metallic inorganic compound layer 519b of the top coating 519 is a carbon-chromium compound layer. In this embodiment, chromium is used as a metallic material of the metallic layer 519a and the metallic inorganic compound layer 519b of the top coating 519, so that the carbon layer whose surface layer is a diamond-like structure has better adhesion to the carbon-chromium compound layer at the bottom thereof, and the reliability of the overall structure of the top coating 519 is greater. Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, pp. 85 / 116 75 / 87

[00169] In some other embodiments, the inorganic layer 519c of the top coating 519 may also be a carbon layer whose surface layer has a non-diamond-like structure. In this case, the inorganic layer 519c of the top coating 519 still has lubricity, but the lubricity is less than that of the previous solution having the surface layer with the diamond-like structure.

[00170] In some other embodiments, the inorganic layer 519c of the top coating 519 is a carbon layer, and a surface layer structure that is of the inorganic layer 519c of the top coating 519 and faces away from the metallic inorganic compound layer 519b of the top coating 519 is a diamond-like structure. The metallic layer 519a of the top coating 519 is a titanium (Ti) layer, and the metallic inorganic compound layer 519b is a carbon-titanium compound layer.

[00171] In some other embodiments, the inorganic layer 519c of the top coating 519 is a silicon (Si) layer. The metallic layer 519a of the top coating 519 may be a titanium layer or a chromium layer, and the metallic inorganic compound layer 519b is correspondingly a silicon-titanium compound layer or a silicon-chromium compound layer. In this case, a chemical gas entering the reaction cavity 206 of the reaction device 20 may be silane.

[00172] In some other embodiments, the inorganic layer 519c of the top coating 519 may also be made of another inorganic material that may implement Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, pp. 86 / 116 76 / 87 lubrication, and the metallic layer 519a of the top coating 519 can also be made of another material. This is not strictly limited in this application.

[00173] In some other embodiments, when the top coating 519 does not require lubrication and is an insulating coating, the top coating 519 may also be fully coated using an organic polymer material.

[00174] In some embodiments, the upper component body 518 includes a bottom surface facing the lower component 52, and the top cover 519 may cover all or a partial area of ​​the bottom surface of the upper component body 518. When the top cover 519 covers a partial area of ​​the bottom surface of the upper component body 518, the partial area is primarily a bearing contact area 53.

[00175] In some other embodiments, the upper component 51 may not be provided with the upper coating 519, and the lubrication coating 531 of the bearing 53 is in direct contact with the body of the upper component 518. In this case, although the frictional force between the bearing 53 and the upper component 51 is poorer than in the structure in which the upper component 51 is provided with the upper coating 519, the lubrication coating 531 on the bearing 53 can still meet a requirement of significantly reducing the frictional force between the bearing 53 and the upper component 51.

[00176] Referring to Figure 10 again. In some embodiments, the lower component 52 includes a Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, pages 87 / 116 77 / 87 lower component body 528 and a lower casing 529. The lower casing 529 is attached to one side of the lower component body 528 and close to the bearing 53. The lower casing 529 is an insulating casing. In this embodiment, the lower casing 529 of the lower component 52 can isolate the bearing 53 from the lower component 52, to reduce the risk of a short circuit between the upper component 51 and the lower component 52.

[00177] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the lower component 52 of the SMA 5 motor shown in Figure 10 in some embodiments.

[00178] In some embodiments, the bottom coating 529 includes a metallic layer 529a, a metallic inorganic compound layer 529b, and an inorganic layer 529c that are stacked sequentially. The metallic layer 529a of the bottom coating 529 is attached to the bottom component body 528, the metallic layer 529a of the bottom coating 529 and the metallic inorganic compound layer 529b of the bottom coating 529 include the same element, and the metallic inorganic compound layer 529b of the bottom coating 529 and the inorganic layer 529c of the bottom coating 529 include the same element.

[00179] In this embodiment, an upper layer that is part of the lower coating 529 and separate from the lower component body 528 is the inorganic layer 529c, and the inorganic layer 529c can play an insulating role. Therefore, the bearing 53 is effectively and electrically isolated from the lower component 52, and a risk of a short circuit between the bearing 53 and the component is eliminated. Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, pages 88 / 116 78 / 87 lower 52 is reduced. Furthermore, a bottom layer that is part of the lower coating 529 and attached to the lower component body 528 is the metallic layer 529a, and the metallic layer 529a has high flexibility and is not prone to cracking. Therefore, the lower coating 529 can be better attached to the lower component body 528, and possesses high flexibility and high reliability. An intermediate layer located between the metallic layer 529a and the inorganic layer 529c of the lower coating 529 is the metallic inorganic compound layer 529b; the metallic inorganic compound layer 529b and the metallic layer 529a have the same element, and the metallic inorganic compound layer 529b and the inorganic layer 529c also have the same element.Therefore, the metallic inorganic composite layer 529b can smoothly transition between the metallic layer 529a and the inorganic layer 529c, so that the bonding performance between the metallic layer 529a and the inorganic layer 529c is improved, and the lower coating 529 has high integrity and greater structural reliability.

[00180] In some embodiments, the inorganic layer 529c of the bottom coating 529 is a carbon layer, the metallic layer 529a of the bottom coating 529 is a chromium layer, and the metallic inorganic compound layer 529b of the bottom coating 529 is a carbon-chromium compound layer. In some other embodiments, the inorganic layer 529c of the bottom coating 529 is a carbon layer, the metallic layer 529a of the bottom coating 529 is a titanium layer, and the metallic inorganic compound layer 529b of the bottom coating 529 is a Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, pp. 89 / 116 79 / 87 carbon-titanium composite layer.

[00181] In some other embodiments, the inorganic layer 529c of the lower coating 529 is a silicon (Si) layer. The metallic layer 529a of the lower coating 529 may be a titanium layer or a chromium layer, and the metallic inorganic compound layer 529b is correspondingly a silicon-titanium compound layer or a silicon-chromium compound layer. In this case, a chemical gas entering the reaction cavity 206 of the reaction device 20 may be silane.

[00182] In some other embodiments, the inorganic layer 529c of the bottom coating 529 may also be made of another inorganic material that can implement lubrication, and the metallic layer 529a of the bottom coating 529 may also be made of another material. This is not strictly limited in this application. In some other embodiments, the bottom coating 529 may also be fully coated using an organic polymer material.

[00183] In some embodiments, the lower component body 528 includes a bottom surface facing the upper component 51, and the lower lining 529 may cover all or a partial area of ​​the top surface of the lower component body 528. When the lower lining 529 covers a partial area of ​​the top surface of the lower component body 528, the partial area is primarily a bearing contact area 53.

[00184] In some other embodiments, the lower component 52 may not be supplied with the coating. Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, pages 90 / 116 In the lower 80 / 87 embodiment, the bearing body 532 is in direct contact with the lower component body 528, and the isolation between the upper component 51 and the lower component 52 is implemented through the lubrication lining 531 of the bearing 53 and / or the upper lining 519 of the upper component 51. In some other embodiments, the lower component 52 is not provided with the lower lining 529, the upper component 51 is not provided with the upper lining 519, the bearing body 532 of the bearing 53 is in contact with the lower component 52, the lubrication lining 531 of the bearing 53 is in contact with the upper component 51, and the isolation between the upper component 51 and the lower component 52 is implemented through the lubrication lining 531.

[00185] In some embodiments, there are a plurality of ways to secure the bearing 53 and the lower component 52, which are determined based on different materials of the bearing 53. The bearing 53 can be secured using an adhesive, or it can be secured in other ways. For example, when the bearing 53 is made of a metallic material, the bearing 53 can be secured to the lower component 52 in a bonding manner. For example, when the bearing 53 is made of an organic polymer material such as polyformaldehyde (POM), the bearing 53 can be secured to the lower component 52 in a thermal bonding manner. In some other embodiments, the bearing 53 can alternatively be made of another material or can be secured to the lower component 52 in another securing manner. This is not Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, pages 91 / 116 81 / 87 strictly limited in this modality of this request.

[00186] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the upper component 51, the bearing 53 and the lower component 52 of the SMA 5 motor shown in Figure 10 in some other embodiments.

[00187] In some embodiments, the lubrication coating 531 is lubricating oil, lubricating grease, or a solid lubricant. In this case, the lubrication coating 531 can reduce a frictional force between the upper component 51 and the bearing 53, improve the accuracy of the SMA motor's path control 5, and reduce a certain amount of jitter in the lens assembly 3 of the camera module 10.

[00188] In some embodiments, the upper component 51 includes the upper component body 518 and the upper cover 519. The upper cover 519 is attached to a side that is of the upper component body 518 and close to the bearing 53, and the upper cover 519 is an insulating cover. The lower component 52 includes the lower component body 528 and the lower cover 529. The lower cover 529 is attached to a side that is of the lower component body 528 and close to the bearing 53, and the lower cover 529 is an insulating cover. The upper component 51 is insulated from the lower component 52 using the upper cover 519 and the lower cover 529.

[00189] In some embodiments, the insulation coating includes a metallic layer, a metallic inorganic compound layer, and an inorganic layer that are stacked sequentially. The inorganic layer of Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, pp. 92 / 116The 82 / 87 insulation coating is a carbon layer, and it is used to implement insulation. The metallic layer of the insulation coating is a titanium layer, and the metallic inorganic compound layer of the insulation coating is a carbon-titanium compound layer. Alternatively, the metallic layer of the insulation coating is a chromium layer, and the metallic inorganic compound layer of the insulation coating is a carbon-chromium compound layer. In other words, the top coating 519 includes the metallic layer 519a, the metallic inorganic compound layer 519b, and the inorganic layer 519c, which are stacked sequentially. The bottom coating 529 includes the metallic layer 529a, the metallic inorganic compound layer 529b, and the inorganic layer 529c, which are stacked sequentially.In this type of coating, the insulation has a thin thickness, high flexibility, high hardness, high insulation, and high overall structural reliability.

[00190] In some other embodiments, the inorganic layer of the insulation coating may also be a silicon layer. The metallic layer of the insulation coating may be a titanium layer or a chromium layer, and the metallic inorganic compound layer is correspondingly a silicon-titanium compound layer or a silicon-chromium compound layer. In some other embodiments, the insulation coating may also be fully coated using an organic polymer material. A specific structure, material, and manufacturing method of the insulation coating are not strictly limited in this application. Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, pp. 93 / 116 83 / 87

[00191] In some other embodiments, the upper component 51 may not be provided with the upper coating 519, the lower component 52 is provided with the insulated lower coating 529, and the upper component 51 is insulated from the lower component 52 using the lower coating 529. In some other embodiments, the upper component 51 is provided with the insulated upper coating 519, the lower component 52 may not be provided with the lower coating 529, and the upper component 51 is insulated from the lower component 52 using the upper coating 519.

[00192] Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of an SMA 5 motor structure shown in Figure 3 in some other embodiments. Figure 17 clearly shows an SMA 5 motor structure, and shows partial filling of the SMA 5 motor structure.

[00193] The SMA 5 engine in this embodiment may include all or most of the features of the SMA 5 engine in previous embodiments. A key difference between the SMA 5 engine in this embodiment and the SMA 5 engine in previous embodiments is that: In some embodiments, the SMA 5 motor also includes a rubber pad 56. The rubber pad 56 is located between the upper component 51 and the lower component 52. One end of the rubber pad 56 is fixedly connected to the upper component 51 and the other end is fixedly connected to the lower component 52. For example, the rubber pad 56 may be a damping adhesive, a shock-absorbing adhesive, or similar. Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, pp. 94 / 116 84 / 87

[00194] In this embodiment, the SMA motor 5 reduces the jitter amplitude of the upper component 51 in a motion process using the rubber pad 56, to effectively reduce the amount of jitter in the lens assembly 3 of the camera module 10, and reduce low-frequency ripple jitter when an image capture display interface is stationary.

[00195] In some embodiments, one end of the rubber pad 56 may be fixedly connected to the movable crimp 511 of the upper component 51. As a tensile force of the SMA wire 54 acts on the movable crimp 511, when the rubber pad 56 is fixedly connected to the movable crimp 511, a resultant force is formed on the movable crimp 511, thus ensuring the structural reliability of the upper component 51 under a force. In some other embodiments, the rubber pad 56 may alternatively be attached to another position on the upper component 51.

[00196] There may be a plurality of 56 rubber pads, and the plurality of 56 rubber pads are arranged centrosymmetrically. A centrosymmetric is a line of intersection of a first reference plane and a second reference plane.

[00197] It can be understood that, in this embodiment, the SMA 5 motor is still provided with the lubrication coating 531 on the bearing 53, and both the rubber pad 56 and the lubrication coating 531 on the bearing 53 are used to reduce jitter. The upper component 51 of the SMA 5 motor may further include the upper coating 519 (for related descriptions, Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, pp. 95 / 116 85 / 87 (see previous embodiments), and the lower component 52 of the SMA 5 motor may also include the lower lining 529 (for related descriptions, see previous embodiments). In some other embodiments, the jitter of the SMA 5 motor may alternatively be reduced separately using the rubber pad 56.

[00198] It can be understood that, in some other embodiments, the SMA 5 motor can alternatively reduce jitter using a software control method. For example, the electronic device 1000 detects an environmental condition using a photosensitive element and a gyroscope. When high illuminance and immobility are detected, and when it is detected that the electronic device 1000 is stationary and the camera module 10 is switched on to be in a viewing state, the system automatically reduces the trigger power consumption (as a voltage amplitude or a pulse width modulation (PWM) duty cycle) of the SMA 54 wire. This results in a lower degree of wire shrinkage and lower feedback sensitivity, thus reducing a corresponding amount of jitter.

[00199] Alternatively, the electronic device 1000 detects a scenario using the same method and, upon detecting a high-illuminance scenario and a stationary scenario, the electronic device 1000 switches to an optimal frequency using an algorithm. The jitter amounts vary with different pulse-width modulation firing frequencies. Therefore, switching to the Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, pages 96 / 116 An ideal frequency of 86 / 87 can reduce jitter to some extent.

[00200] Alternatively, a slack line length of the SMA 54 wire is adjusted, and an ideal slack line length is determined by comparing the jitter amounts under different slack line lengths (which are actually adjusted using a slack resistor), to reduce jitter. It can be understood that the SMA 5 motor implements firing control using resistance feedback from the SMA 54 wire. When the SMA 54 wire is not connected, the SMA 54 wire is in a slack state. When the SMA 54 wire is electrified and has no displacement, the SMA 54 wire is in a straightened state. A resistance difference between the slack state and the straightened state is referred to as slack resistance, to represent a degree of slack in the SMA 54 wire line length when the SMA 54 wire is not connected.Generally, under the same trigger parameter, a higher slack resistance indicates a longer line length when the SMA 54 wire is not connected. Under the same trigger control parameter, for different line lengths, shrinkage rates are different, and corresponding resistance feedback accuracies are also different. Within a specific range, under the same trigger control parameter, a higher slack resistance (i.e., a longer slack line length) indicates a lower amount of jitter.

[00201] The preceding descriptions are merely specific modalities of this application, but are not intended to Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, pages 97 / 116 87 / 87 limits the scope of protection of this application. Any variation or substitution readily perceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application shall fall within the scope of protection of this application. If no conflict arises, the modalities of this application and remedies in the modalities may be mutually combined. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application shall be subject to the scope of protection of the claims. Petition 870220071679, dated 11 / 08 / 2022, pages 98 / 116

Claims

1 / 8 CLAIMS 1. Shape memory alloy (SMA) motor (5) comprising an upper component (51), a lower component (52), a plurality of bearings (53), and four SMA wires (54), wherein the lower component (52) and the upper component (51) are stacked, the plurality of bearings (53) is located between the lower component (52) and the upper component (51), one end of each bearing (53) is fixedly connected to the lower component (52), and the other end is slidingly connected to the upper component (51);One end of each SMA wire (54) is fixedly connected to the upper component (51), the other end is fixedly connected to the lower component (52), the SMA wires (54) shrink when electrified and heated, the four SMA wires (54) are divided into two pairs, the two pairs of SMA wires (54) are arranged symmetrically with respect to a first reference plane (5a), two SMA wires (54) from the same pair are arranged symmetrically with respect to a second reference plane (5b), and the second reference plane (5b) intersects the first reference plane (5a);and each bearing (53) comprises a lubrication lining (531), wherein the lubrication lining (531) is disposed at one end which is of the bearing (53) and close to the upper component (51) and is in contact with the upper component (51), wherein each bearing (53) further comprises a bearing body (532), one end of the bearing body Petition 870260034993, dated 15 / 04 / 2026, page 11 / 26 2 / 8 (532) is attached to the lower component (52), and the lubrication lining (531) is attached to the other end of the bearing body (532);characterized in that the lubrication lining (531) comprises a metallic layer (531a), a metallic inorganic compound layer (531b) and an inorganic layer (531c) that are stacked sequentially, wherein the metallic layer (531a) of the lubrication lining (531) is attached to the bearing body (532), the metallic layer (531a) of the lubrication lining (531) and the metallic inorganic compound layer (531b) of the lubrication lining (531) comprise the same element, and the metallic inorganic compound layer (531b) of the lubrication lining (531) and the inorganic layer (531c) of the lubrication lining (531) comprise the same element.

2. SMA motor (5), according to claim 1, characterized in that the inorganic layer (531c) of the lubrication coating (531) is a carbon layer, and a surface layer structure that is of the inorganic layer (531c) of the lubrication coating (531) and is facing away from the metallic inorganic compound layer (531b) of the lubrication coating (531) is a diamond-like structure.

3. SMA motor (5), according to claim 2, characterized in that the metallic layer (531a) of the lubrication lining (531) is a chromium layer, and the metallic inorganic compound layer (531b) of the lubrication lining (531) is a carbon-chromium compound layer. Petition 870260034993, dated 15 / 04 / 2026, page 12 / 26 3 / 8 4. SMA motor (5), according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the upper component (51) comprises an upper component body (518) and an upper cover (519), and the upper cover (519) is attached to a side that is of the upper component body (518) and close to the bearing (53); and the top coating (519) comprises a metallic layer (531a), a metallic inorganic compound layer (531b) and an inorganic layer (531c) that are stacked sequentially, wherein the metallic layer (531a) of the top coating (519) is attached to the body of the top component (518), the metallic layer (531a) of the top coating (519) and the metallic inorganic compound layer (531b) of the top coating (519) comprise the same element, and the metallic inorganic compound layer (531b) of the top coating (519) and the inorganic layer (531c) of the top coating (519) comprise the same element.

5. SMA motor (5), according to claim 4, characterized in that the inorganic layer (531c) of the top coating (519) is a carbon layer, and a surface layer structure that is of the inorganic layer (531c) of the top coating (519) and is facing away from the metallic inorganic compound layer (531b) of the top coating (519) is a diamond-like structure.

6. SMA motor (5), according to claim 5, characterized in that the metallic layer (531a) of the top coating (519) is a chrome layer, and the metallic inorganic compound layer (531b) of the top coating (519) is a carbon-chromium compound layer.

7. SMA motor (5), according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the lower component (52) comprises a lower component body (528) and a lower cover (529), the lower cover (529) is attached to a side that is of the lower component body (528) and close to the bearing (53), and the lower cover (529) is an insulating cover.

8. SMA motor (5), according to claim 7, characterized in that the lower coating (529) comprises a metallic layer (531a), a metallic inorganic compound layer (531b) and an inorganic layer (531c) that are stacked sequentially, and the metallic layer (531a) of the lower coating (529) is attached to the lower component body (528); the inorganic layer (531c) of the lower coating (529) is a carbon layer; and the metallic layer (531a) of the lower coating (529) is a chromium layer, and the metallic inorganic compound layer (531b) of the lower coating (529) is a carbon-chromium compound layer; or the metallic layer (531a) of the top coating (519) is a titanium layer, and the metallic inorganic compound layer (531b) of the bottom coating (529) is a carbon-titanium compound layer.

9. SMA motor (5), according to claim 1, characterized in that the lubrication coating (531) is lubricating oil, lubricating grease or a solid lubricant.

10. SMA motor (5), according to claim 9, characterized in that the upper component (51) comprises an upper component body (518) and an upper cover (519), the upper cover (519) is attached to a side that is of the upper component body (518) and close to the bearing (53), and the upper cover (519) is an insulating cover; and / or the lower component (52) comprises a lower component body (528) and a lower cover (529), the lower cover (529) is attached to a side that is of the lower component body (528) and close to the bearing (53), and the lower cover (529) is an insulating cover.

11. SMA motor (5), according to claim 10, characterized in that the insulation coating comprises a metallic layer (531a), a metallic inorganic compound layer (531b) and an inorganic layer (531c) that are stacked sequentially; the inorganic layer (531c) of the insulation coating is a carbon layer; and the metallic layer (531a) of the insulation coating is a titanium layer, and the metallic inorganic compound layer (531b) of the insulation coating is a carbon-titanium compound layer; or the metallic layer (531a) of the insulation coating is a chromium layer, and the metallic inorganic compound layer (531b) of the insulation coating is a carbon-chromium compound layer. Petition 870260034993, dated 15 / 04 / 2026, p. 15 / 26 6 / 8 12. SMA motor (5), according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the SMA motor (5) further comprises a rubber pad (56), wherein the rubber pad (56) is located between the upper component (51) and the lower component (52), one end of the rubber pad (56) is fixedly connected to the upper component (51), and the other end is fixedly connected to the lower component (52).

13. SMA motor (5), according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the SMA motor (5) further comprises two L-shaped spring arms (55), each of the spring arms (55) comprising a fixed end (551) and a movable end (552), the movable ends (552) of the spring arms (55) are attached to the upper component (51), the fixed ends (551) of the spring arms (55) are attached to the lower component (52), the two spring arms (55) are arranged centrosymmetrically, and a centrosymmetrical center is a line of intersection of the first reference plane (5a) and the second reference plane (5b).

14. SMA motor (5), according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the SMA motor (5) further comprises four spring arms (55), each of the spring arms (55) comprising a fixed end (551) and a movable end (552), the movable ends (552) of the spring arms (55) are attached to the upper component (51), the fixed ends (551) of the spring arms (55) are attached to the lower component (52), the four spring arms (55) are divided Petition 870260034993, dated 15 / 04 / 2026, page 16 / 26 7 / 8 into two pairs, the two pairs of spring arms (55) are arranged symmetrically with respect to the first reference plane (5a), and two spring arms (55) of the same pair are arranged symmetrically with respect to the second reference plane (5b).

15. SMA motor (5), according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the spring arm (55) further comprises a bending part (553), the bending part (553) is located between the fixed end (551) and the movable end (552), and the bending part (553) projects in a direction away from the lower component (52) of the motor.

16. Camera module (10), characterized in that it comprises a module holder (1), a lens assembly (3) mounted within the module holder (1), an image sensor (6) and the SMA motor (5) as defined in any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein a lower component (52) of the SMA motor (5) is fixedly connected to the module holder (1), the lens assembly (3) is mounted on an upper component (51) of the SMA motor (5), the SMA motor (5) comprises a transparent area (50), a lens (32) of the lens assembly (3) is directly facing the transparent area (50), the image sensor (6) is located on a side that is of the SMA motor (5) and that is facing away from the lens assembly (3), and the image sensor (6) is configured to receive light passing through the lens assembly (3) and the transparent area (50).

17. Electronic device (1000), characterized in that it comprises a housing (100), a processor (600) and a camera module (10) as defined in claim 16, wherein the processor (600) and the camera module (10) are housed in the housing (100), and the camera module (10) is electrically connected to the processor (600).

Images