A LOOM FOR INSERTING CONTINUOUS MATERIAL WITH MOVABLE GUIDE RODS AND A PROCESS FOR PRODUCING A FABRIC

Abstract

LOOM WITH MOVABLE GUIDE BEAMS. The present invention relates to a loom for inserting continuous, loosely connected, or piece material. According to the invention, the warp yarns (4.a, 4.b) extend downwards from the warp beam (1.a and 1.b) to the textile material beam (5) and, in this case, are individually held by hooks (3.a and 3.b), which are anchored in guide beams (2.a, 2.b.), between the upper warp beams (1.a and 1.b) and the lower textile material beam (5).

Description

1 / 14 A LOOM FOR INSERTING CONTINUOUS MATERIAL WITH MOVABLE GUIDE RODS AND A PROCESS FOR PRODUCING A FABRIC

[001] The invention described here is based on the following problem: In flat looms, a shed is limited after four points and, with that, is closed upwards: by warp yarns, in the held-up state, downwards: by warp yarns in the held-down state, forwards: by textile material, until then woven, over the take-up roller, and backwards: by a loom sheet.

[002] Thus, until now it has been necessary to transport a weft thread from one side of the loom to the other, through the respective shed. For this purpose, according to the current state of the art, the following are used: - shuttles onto which a reserve of warp yarns is wound, - hooks, which pass the warp yarn through the shed, which is cut after each insertion, - nozzles, which transport the warp yarn using air or water force, and which are cut after each insertion.

[003] Therefore, the diameter of the warp yarn is limited by the diameter of the shed and also its strength, by the techniques used in each case. The length of the warp yarn is limited by the bobbin and hook capacity and, in nozzles, approximately by the width of the textile article.

[004] Thus, it is not possible to bring a continuous material through the shed. Loose or loosely connected material, with current techniques, cannot even be brought into place between the lower and upper wires. Petition 870260079620, dated 07 / 08 / 2026, page 6 / 51 2 / 14

[005] This problem is solved with the features presented in claim 1, preferably also with the features of the other claims.

[006] This occurs because the loom, compared to conventional flat looms, has been rotated 90°, so that the take-up roller is located below. The rigid heddle system has also been dispensed with and, instead of the heddles being arranged on rods, each individual yarn is guided by a hook, which is associated with it and anchored in rows to a guide rod. Between these rows of hooks, through the front and rear guide rods, even loose material can now be placed on top of the loom over the take-up roller, with the weft yarns serving as front and rear limitations – only their distance from each other limits the selection of loose material. The take-up roller is located below the shed, in each case formed, and forms a natural downward lock by gravity.

[007] Advantageously, the hooks on the two opposite guide rods are positioned offset from each other, with an offset in the longitudinal direction of the guide rods.

[008] Furthermore, of the two guide rods, at least one must be movable, so that, with the approach of the guide rods to each other, the hooks can engage with each other, that is, allow the hooks of one guide rod to fit between the hooks of the other guide rod.

[009] With the invention, it is obtained that two different states alternately form two sheds. In the open state (position V), any material can be inserted, which - It can be supported by the warp threads and the take-up roller. - It can be held in its forward and backward position by the warp threads. Petition 870260079620, dated 07 / 08 / 2026, p. 7 / 51 3 / 14 - the diameter does not exceed the length of the warp yarn side and the distance to the take-up roller as a bisector, in each insertion procedure.

[0010] The shed change occurs because the front guide rod is brought close to the rear guide rod until, through the front and rear hooks, which are then crossed alternately, a shed is formed, which is closed upwards (crossed position). In the closed-up state, a wire is then inserted in a conventional manner, which stabilizes the material inserted in the open state.

[0011] As a next step, we return to the initial step, and the weaving begins from the beginning.

[0012] In this way, cables, flexible tubes and other materials can be woven, which in no case can be separated, and which are longer than a shuttle can hold on its reel. Loose material can also be inserted, which until now could not be held on shuttles or passed through hooks or propelled through a chute by a jet of air or water.

[0013] Optionally and according to the invention, the take-up roller and guide rods may be arranged and aligned in such a way that the warp yarns of one guide rod form a first plane of warp yarns and the warp yarns of the other guide rod, a second plane of warp yarns, and that the planes of warp yarns, by relative movement of the guide rods with hooks, may be moved relative to each other. In particular, the planes of warp yarns extend from the guide rods to the finished fabric, above the take-up roller. By additionally provided guide devices, the planes of warp yarns may also be curved or angled, particularly above the guide rods and towards the warp bobbins.

[0014] Optionally and according to the invention, the planes of Petition 870260079620, dated 07 / 08 / 2026, p. 8 / 51 4 / 14 warp threads can form an open V-shape, with an open shed facing upwards and the take-up roller below the shed.

[0015] Optionally and according to the invention, the warp yarn planes can be moved by means of the guide rods from the open V position to a crossed position and back again. The change in position of the warp yarn planes causes the transition from the V position to the crossed position and back again.

[0016] Optionally and according to the invention, the warp yarn planes, at least in the cross position, can be angled or curved. The angulation is given, in particular, by guiding the warp yarns to the hook. An angulation or curvature of the warp yarn planes, however, can also be given in the V-position, according to the arrangement of the warp bobbins and possible other guiding devices for the warp yarns.

[0017] Optionally and according to the invention, the warp yarn planes may assume, between the V position and the crossed position, a neutral, straight position. In this case, the warp yarn planes overlap.

[0018] Optionally and according to the invention, at least two warp bobbins may be provided, each to receive the warp yarns from one of the warp yarn planes, the warp bobbins being arranged at a distance from each other, the distance preferably corresponding at least to the greatest width of the V-shed. The point of greatest width is the highest point at which the warp yarns extend obliquely downwards to the guide rod, therefore they are not guided horizontally or vertically.

[0019] Optionally and according to the invention, two warp bobbins may be arranged, spaced apart from each other, and each of the warp bobbins is associated with the rods of Petition 870260079620, dated 07 / 08 / 2026, p. 9 / 51 5 / 14 guides and retains the warp yarns, which are guided by the associated guide track. The first guide rod with the first warp bobbin is opposite a second guide track with a second warp bobbin.

[0020] Optionally and according to the invention, the warp yarns, by the arrangement of the warp bobbins and the arrangement and mobility of the guide rods in relation to each other, can be moved between an open V position and a crossed position. In the crossed position, the warp yarns of one guide rod form with the warp yarns of the other guide rod a closed shed for a weft yarn, which must be inserted conventionally into the shed.

[0021] Optionally and according to the invention, the hooks in the crossed position may be engaged in such a way that the hooks of one guide rod are moved between the hooks of the other guide rod and in front of it. In this way, the hooks of one guide rod reach a position close to the other guide rod.

[0022] Optionally and according to the invention, the guide rods may be axially divided (in the longitudinal direction) into successive guide rod segments, the guide rod segments being able to move independently of each other. One or more hooks may be arranged in each guide rod segment; in particular, the guide rod segments may be moved between the V-position and the crossed position. Alternatively or additionally, the guide rod segments may be twisted, preferably around an axis of rotation, parallel to the longitudinal direction of the hooks.Twistable guide rod segments are preferably equipped with two or more hooks.

[0023] Optionally and according to the invention, the hooks may be formed open, closed, or closed but able to be open. Closed hooks correspond to rings. Open hooks Petition 870260079620, dated 07 / 08 / 2026, page 10 / 51 6 / 14 features a slot for warp yarn entry and hooks that can be opened; it also features a slot that can be closed.

[0024] Optionally and according to the invention, the hooks may have a hook curvature on the end side of at least 280 degrees, preferably at least 370 degrees. In this case, the measure of the hook curvature may also depend on the transition between the hook curvature on the end side and the remaining part of the hook. Advantageously, a measure of the hook curvature is such that the warp yarn received in the back-and-forth movement of the hook remains within the hook curvature.

[0025] Optionally and according to the invention, a first frame with warp bobbin and guide rod may be movable relative to a second frame with warp bobbin and guide rod, and preferably only one of the frames may be movable. The arrangement of warp bobbin and guide rod in a common frame simplifies the formation of the loom, similarly to the fixed arrangement of one frame, while only the other frame may be movable.

[0026] Also an object of the invention is a process for producing a fabric, using a loom according to the invention, see claim 17.

[0027] Optionally and according to the invention, in a cross position of the loom, a weft yarn can be inserted into the closed shed, and in a V position of the loom, at least one skein of material can be placed in the then open shed. The skein of material can be a continuation of the weft yarn. Preferably, however, the skein of material differs from the weft yarn.

[0028] Also an object of the invention is a fabric with warp and weft yarns, produced, at least partially, on a loom according to the invention, see claim 19. Petition 870260079620, dated 07 / 08 / 2026, page 11 / 51 7 / 14

[0029] According to the invention and optionally, strands of material or at least one continuous strand of material may be provided parallel to the weft yarns and alternately to them. The fabric may also feature, alternately to the weft yarns, several and / or different strands of material.

[0030] Optionally and according to the invention, as material wicks or as a material wick, they can be provided - a lock of wool, or - a water insertion hose, or - a combination of them. A wool swatch is formed by one or more strands of combed wool.

[0031] By producing on a loom according to the invention, the fabric can present entirely new and unexpected material combinations. One advantageous fabric has as material strands a combination of a combed wool strand with a flexible irrigation tube. The fabric can serve as a covering for land to be irrigated. Plants can grow through the wool. The wool serves as fertilizer or may be additionally provided with fertilizing material. Furthermore, the wool prevents rapid water evaporation. Untreated wool has a hydrophobic effect, so that water runs off the wool.

[0032] Other features are evident from the description, in the remainder, and from the claims.

[0033] Through the drawings in Figures 1-11, the technique is clarified. They show:

[0034] Figure 1 and Figure 2 a simple side view,

[0035] Figure 3 and Figure 4 this side view, additionally, in perspective,

[0036] Figure 5 a side top view of a frame,

[0037] Figure 6 a loom with two frames in side view, in the V position, Petition 870260079620, dated 07 / 08 / 2026, page 12 / 51 8 / 14

[0038] Figure 7 the loom according to Figure 6, in modified position,

[0039] Figure 8 guide rods with hooks in a crossed position,

[0040] Figure 9 guide rods with hooks in open V position,

[0041] Figure 10 guide rods with hooks in neutral position,

[0042] Figure 11 a guide rod in a part and a segmented guide rod,

[0043] Figure 12 a fabric on a loom,

[0044] Figure 13 a cut through the wires or the material in Figure 12.

[0045] For visibility purposes, only the components that are essential to the invention have been represented. The number of hooks in Figure 3 and Figure 4 has been limited to 3 hooks on each guide rod to explain the principle of the technique.

[0046] For all Figures the following applies: the front warp yarns 4.a extend from the warp bobbin 1a to the take-up roller 5, through the front hooks 3.a, anchored to the front guide rod 2.a. The rear warp yarns 4.a extend from the rear warp bobbin 1b to the take-up roller 5, through the rear hooks 3.b, anchored to the rear guide rod 2.b.

[0047] The division into anterior and posterior guide rods is arbitrary, serves only for differentiation and can also be reversed or replaced by right and left or first and second guide rods. The same applies to other components that exist in pairs.

[0048] Figure 1 and Figure 3 represent the open shed state, namely an open shed 18, while between the non-crossing hooks 3.a and 3.b, the insertion of continuous, loose or loosely connected material 6 occurs.

[0049] Figure 2 and Figure 4 show the closed state of the shed, namely, a closed shed 19, in which between the crossed hooks between Petition 870260079620, dated 07 / 08 / 2026, page 13 / 51 9 / 14 si 3.ae 3.b, a conventional 7 frame insertion occurs.

[0050] As is clearly visible in Figures 3 and 4, the front warp yarns 4.a form a common warp yarn plane 17.a and the back warp yarns 4.b form a back warp yarn plane 17.b. In Figure 3, the warp yarn planes 17.a, 17.b form the open V-shed. In Figure 4, the warp yarn planes 17.a, 17.b are crossed with respect to each other and, in connection with the inversion of the warp yarns 4.a, 4.b, in the region of the hooks 3.a, 3.b, form a closed shed.

[0051] A loom 8 according to the invention may substantially have two frames 9.a 9.b, as represented in Figures 5 and 7. Figure 5 shows the frame 9a in a front view. As components of the frame 9.a, the following can be seen: external vertical longitudinal beams 10, the front guide rod 2.a, as a top finish, with a distance below, the front warp bobbin 1.a, below, with a distance, two support paths 11.a, 12.ae as a bottom finish, an articulated beam 13.a.

[0052] The two frames 9.a, 9.b are articulated to each other in the region of the articulated beams 13.a, 13.b, in a manner not represented in more detail, so that the frames 9.a, 9.b are rotatable to each other and in the opposite direction, see double arrow 14.

[0053] Preferably, one of the two frames 9.a, 9.b is supported in a stationary manner while the other frame is held in a rotary manner. But, also, the two frames 9.a, 9.b can be arranged in a rotary manner.

[0054] Figure 7 shows the open V-position of the loom 8 or the warp threads 4a, 4b. In Figure 6 the two frames 9a, 9b are rotated more closely to each other than in Figure 7. This is only an intermediate position on the way to the position Petition 870260079620, dated 07 / 08 / 2026, p. 14 / 51 10 / 14 crossed, which is evident from Figures 2 and 4.

[0055] The warp yarn 4.b, in Figure 7, is guided above hook 3.b, around guide rod 2.b and down to warp bobbin 1b and is held there. The same applies to warp yarn 4.a, but it is not explicitly inscribed there.

[0056] In the representation of Figure 7, the warp yarn 4.b extends loosely from the guide rod 2.b to the warp bobbin 1b. This representation was only selected to clearly show the warp yarn 4.b at that point. In fact, the warp yarn is preferably stretched taut to the warp bobbin 1.b.

[0057] In Figure 6, the take-up roller 5 is only indicated by dashed lines, and the warp threads 4.a, 4.b are not inscribed for better visibility reasons.

[0058] Figures 8, 9, and 10 show the possible relative movement of the guide rods 2a, 2b, and of the hooks 3a, 3b. Figure 9 corresponds approximately to the representation in Figure 7, with the V-shaped position open, and shows guide rods 2a, 2b, widely spaced apart, also suitable for Figures 1 and 3. Curvatures on the end side 15, for receiving the warp yarns 4a, 4b of the hooks 3a, 3b, show a clear distance from each other in the direction of arrow 14. The hooks 3a, 3b are preferably located, for example, in a common horizontal plane.

[0059] Figure 8 shows the crossed position, analogous to Figures 2, 4. The guide rods 2.a, 2.b are moved relative to each other as far as possible against the extension of the hooks 3.a, 3.b. The hooks 3.a of the guide track 2.a are meshed with the hooks 3.b of the guide rod 2.b, so that the bends 15a on the terminal side of the hooks 3.a are moved in front of the bends 15b on the terminal side of the hooks 3.b, towards the opposite guide rod 2.b or 2.a.

[0060] Figure 10 shows an intermediate position of the rods Petition 870260079620, dated 07 / 08 / 2026, p. 15 / 51 11 / 14 guide 2.a, 2.b in which the curvatures 15a, 15b on the terminal side of the two guide rods 2.a, 2.b are aligned along a common line 16. The intermediate position may also be designated as the neutral position or position l. In practical loom application, the intermediate position, in the normal case, is passed without stopping.

[0061] Figure 11 shows a particularity in the configuration of guide rod 2.b. It is divided longitudinally into individual guide rod segments 2.b-1, 2.b-2, 2.b-3, 2.b-4, etc. Each guide rod segment is movable in the direction of arrow 14, independently of the other guide rod segments. Supports and drives suitable for this purpose are not shown. For example, guide rod segment 2.b-3 is shown in the crossed position as shown in Figure 8, while the remaining guide rod segments assume the open V position as shown in Figure 9. By segmenting guide rod 2 as described, it is possible to generate special weaving patterns.

[0062] Due to the independent mobility of the guide rod segments, the homogeneity of the warp yarn planes 17b can be neutralized. In the position according to Figure 11, a warp yarn in the guide rod segment 2.b-3 would no longer be a component of the warp yarn plane 17b.

[0063] In Figure 11, each guide rod segment 2.b-1 to 2.b- has, in each case, a hook 3.b. It is also possible to have another division, for example, with two or more hooks per guide rod segment.

[0064] A twisting of adjacent warp yarns is possible, for example, by twistable guide rod segments, each with two hooks 3.b. The rotation preferably occurs around an axis of rotation parallel to arrow 14.

[0065] In Figure 11, only guide rod 2.b is shown with Petition 870260079620, dated 07 / 08 / 2026, page 16 / 51 12 / 14 guide rod segments. Alternatively or additionally, the other guide rod 2.a may also be formed in a segmented manner.

[0066] Curves 15.a, 15.b on the terminal side of the hooks 3.a, 3.b are represented in a simplified manner in the figures. Effectively, the bends 15.a, 15.b are formed in such a way that the warp yarns 4.a, 4.b can be actively moved in both directions of arrow 14. To achieve this, the bends 15.a, 15.b on the end side can also be formed as a closed ring, or as an open ring, so that the warp yarns 4.a, 4.b can be inserted by lateral movement into the bends 15.a, 15.b. At least the bends 15.a, 15.b on the end side should extend over an angle of more than 270 degrees, preferably more than 360 degrees, according to the configuration of the transition between the bends on the end side and the remaining part of the hook 3.a, 3.b.

[0067] With the loom 8 according to the invention, products of a completely unique type can be produced. In the open shed 18 of the V-position according to Figures 1, 3, 7 and 9, materials unsuitable for weft can be inserted. Materials unsuitable for weft are, for example, particularly thick, fluffy, rigid and / or continuous materials. Combinations of these materials are also possible. For example, a ground cover with an irrigation function, in that in the open V-position, in each case, a woolen strand 6-1 is inserted, along with a continuous water insertion hose 6-2.

[0068] A fabric formed in this way, during weaving, is shown in Figure 12 in a viewing direction according to arrow 21 in Figures 1 and 13. In Figure 13, the yarns 7 and materials 6-1, 6-2, inserted in the weft direction, are shown in cross-section, corresponding to Figure 12.Weft yarn 7, which can also be designated as stabilizing yarn, alternates with the wool strand combination 6 Petition 870260079620, dated 07 / 08 / 2026, page 17 / 51. 13 / 14 and water insertion hose 6-2. In this case, the water insertion hose 6-2 is located next to or in front of the wool wick 61, but it may also be included in the wool wick or be located above / below it. List of reference marks: .a front warp bobbin .b rear warp bobbin .a front guide rod .b rear guide rod .b-1 guide rod segment .b-2 guide rod segment .b-3 guide rod segment .b-4 guide rod segment .a front hook .b rear hook .a front warp yarn .b rear warp yarn roll continuous, loose or loosely connected material taker -1 strand of wool -2 water insertion hose weft insertion with conventional loom technique .a frame .b frame longitudinal beams .a support beam .b support beam .a support beam .b support beam Petition 870260079620, dated 07 / 08 / 2026, p. 18 / 51 14 / 14 .a articulated beam .b articulated beam arrow .a curvatures on the end side .b curvatures on the end side line .a warp yarn plane .b warp yarn plane open shed closed shed fabric arrow Petition 870260079620, dated 07 / 08 / 2026, p. 19 / 51

Claims

1 / 4 CLAIMS 1. A loom for inserting continuous material, or loosely connected or in pieces, with upper warp bobbins (1.a and 1.b) and a lower take-up roller (5), characterized in that the warp yarns (4.a and 4.b) extend in a downward direction from the warp bobbins (1.a and 1.b) to the take-up roller (5) and, in this case, are individually retained by hooks (3.a and 3.b), which are anchored in guide rods (2.a and 2.b), between the upper warp bobbins (1.a and 1.b) and the lower take-up roller (5), and the warp yarns (4.a, 4.b), by the arrangement of the warp bobbins (1.a, 1.b) and the arrangement and mobility of the guide rods (2.a, 2.b), can be moved relative to each other between an open V-position in top and a crossed position.

2. Loom according to claim 1, characterized in that the hook (3.a and 3.b) are positioned alternately opposite on the two opposite guide rods (2.a and 2.b).

3. Loom according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that of the two guide rods (2.a, 2.b), at least one must be movable, so that with an approach of the guide rods (2.a and 2.b) to each other, the hooks (3.a and 3.b) engage with each other.

4. Loom according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the take-up roller (5) and the guide rods (2.a, 2.b) are arranged and aligned in such a way that the warp yarns (4.a) of one guide rod (2.a) form a first plane of warp yarns (17.a) and the warp yarns (4.b) of the other guide rod (2.b) form a second plane of warp yarns (17.b), and that the planes of warp yarns (17.a, 17.b) can be moved relative to each other by means of relative movement of the guide rods (2.a, 2.b) with the hooks (3.a and 3.b). Petition 870260079620, dated 07 / 08 / 2026, p. 20 / 51 2 / 4 5. Loom according to claim 4, characterized in that the warp yarn planes (17.a, 17.b) in a relative position form an open V position, with an open shed (18) facing upwards and with the take-up roller (5) below the shed (18).

6. Loom according to claim 5, characterized in that the warp yarn planes (17.a, 17.b) can be moved by means of the guide rods (2.a, 2.b) from the open V position to a crossed position and back again.

7. Loom according to claim 6, characterized in that the warp yarn planes (17.a, 17.b) can be angled or curved, at least in the cross position.

8. Loom according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the warp yarn planes (17.a, 17.b), between the V position and the cross position, can assume a straight line position.

9. Loom according to claim 1 or any of the other claims, characterized in that at least two warp bobbins (1.a, 1.b) are provided, each for receiving the warp yarns (4.a, 4.b) from one of the warp yarn planes (17.a, 17.b), the warp bobbins (1.a, 1.b) being arranged at a distance from each other.

10. Loom according to claim 5, characterized in that at least two warp bobbins (1.a, 1.b) are provided, each for receiving the warp yarns (4.a, 4.b) from one of the warp yarn planes (17.a, 17.b), wherein the warp bobbins (1.a, 1.b) are arranged at a distance from each other, the distance corresponding at least to the greatest width of the V-shed in the V-position.

11. Loom according to claim 1 or one of the other claims, characterized in that two warp bobbins (1.a, 1.b) are arranged at a distance from each other, it being Petition 870260079620, dated 07 / 08 / 2026, page 21 / 51 3 / 4 that each of the warp bobbins (1.a, 1.b) is associated with one of the guide rods (2.a, 2.b) and retains the warp yarns (4.a, 4.b), which are guided by the associated guide rod (2.a, 2.b).

12. Loom according to claim 11, characterized in that the hooks (3.a) of a guide rod (2.a) are meshed together in the crossed position, so that the hooks (3.a) of one guide rod (2.a) are moved between the hooks (3.b) of the other guide rod (2.b) and passed in front of it.

13. Loom according to claim 1 or one of the other claims, characterized in that the guide rods (2.a, 2.b) are divided into successive guide rod segments (2.b-1, 2.b-2, 2.b-3, 2.b-4) in a longitudinal direction, wherein the guide segments (2.b-1, 2.b-2, 2.b-3, 2.b-4) can be moved independently of each other.

14. Loom according to claim 1 or to one of the other claims, characterized in that the hooks (3.a, 3.b) are formed open, closed or closed but capable of being opened.

15. Loom according to claim 1 or to one of the other claims, characterized in that the hooks (3.a, 3.b) have a hook curvature on the end side of at least 280 degrees, preferably at least 370 degrees.

16. Loom according to claim 1 or to one of the other claims, characterized in that a first frame (9.a) with warp bobbin (1.a) and guide rod (2.a) is movable relative to a second frame (9.b), with warp bobbin (1.b) and guide rod (2.b), preferably only one of the frames being movable.

17. Process for producing a fabric, using a Petition 870260079620, dated 07 / 08 / 2026, page 22 / 51 4 / 4 loom (8) as defined in accordance with one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the cross position of the loom (8), a weft yarn (7) is inserted into the closed shed (19) and that in the V position of the loom (8), at least one sliver of material (6) is placed in the shed (18), then open, wherein the sliver of material is different from the weft yarn (7).

18. Process according to claim 17, characterized in that the material wick (6) is: - a wool wick (6-1), or - a water insertion hose (6-2), or - combinations (6-1, 6-2) thereof. Petition 870260079620, dated 07 / 08 / 2026, page 23 / 51

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