Optometry device for testing an individual's eyes, associated method and computer program product.

Description

1 / 44 Optometry device for testing an individual's eyes, associated method and computer program product. TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0001] The present invention relates to an optometry device for testing an individual's eyes, to an associated method and to a computer program product. BACKGROUND INFORMATION AND STATE OF THE ART

[0002] The manufacture of an ophthalmic lens adapted to improve an individual's vision requires the determination of a specific optical characteristic of said ophthalmic lens adapted to the individual. In order to determine this value of said optical characteristic, for the purpose of manufacturing an ophthalmic lens, the eye care professional usually performs a sequence of subjective tests on the individual, using an appropriate optometry device, to determine one or more refractive characteristics of their eye. The optical characteristic of the ophthalmic lens is determined based on this refractive characteristic of the eye. Numerous documents describe devices and methods for determining this value of the optical characteristic of the ophthalmic lens. This optical characteristic may include, for example, spherical power, cylindrical power, or cylindrical axis.

[0003] Typically, each subjective test comprises several stages, hereinafter referred to as trials, during each of which the individual must compare two different optical situations, taking into account a trial value of a particular optical feature of a trial lens placed in front of their eye. Depending on the individual's feedback on this comparison, hereinafter referred to as the individual's response, the eye care professional increments the trial value and, in the next trial of the subjective test, presents them with two new different optical situations based on the trial value. Petition 870250083756, dated 09 / 17 / 2025, page 6 / 64 2 / 44 incremented. This process is repeated until the individual gives a specific response or combination of responses. The particularity of the eye's refraction is then usually determined based on the test value used in the last trial of said subjective test.

[0004] During a standard sequence of subjective tests, the sequence is predetermined, meaning that it comprises at least one first and one second predetermined subjective tests that are planned to be performed successively.

[0005] The sequence of subjective tests is performed even if the result of one of the predetermined subjective tests is not consistent with the data relating to the individual or with the results of the subjective test in the previously performed sequence. This can lead to errors.

[0006] In order to avoid these errors, the eye care professional needs to pay constant attention to verify whether the subjective tests converge to a consistent value of the optical particularity of the ophthalmic lens.

[0007] Furthermore, additional tests have to be performed, leading to very lengthy refraction processes, even for individuals exhibiting satisfactory consistency in the sequence of subjective tests. The long refraction time can cause fatigue and tiredness for both the individual and the eye care professional, and may eventually lead to errors. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0008] One objective of the invention is to provide an optometry device that ensures the determination of reliable and accurate values ​​of one or more refractive features of one or both eyes of an individual without requiring constant attention from the eye care professional and in a fast and efficient manner. The optical feature of the ophthalmic lens can then be determined. Petition 870250083756, dated 09 / 17 / 2025, page 7 / 64 3 / 44 with accuracy based on the particular refraction of the eye, and the ophthalmic lens can be manufactured accordingly.

[0009] For this purpose, the invention comprises an optometry device for testing an individual's eyes, comprising a computer with one or more processors programmed to perform a sequence of subjective tests comprising at least a first and a second predetermined subjective tests, leading to the determination of values ​​of one or more refractive particularities of one or both of the individual's eyes by means of: a) the performance of said first predetermined subjective test, thus determining a provisional value of an initial refraction characteristic of the individual's eye; b) at the end of said first predetermined subjective test, the performance of a verification test to detect a potential error in said provisional value of the first refraction feature determined in step a); c) based on the result of said verification test, the determination of a next subjective test to be performed or the termination of the sequence of subjective tests.

[0010] Thanks to the optometry device of the invention, the sequence of subjective tests is automatically adapted depending on the results of the first subjective test. Taking into account the probability of an error occurring in the first test, it is possible to detect potential errors, as well as determine the next subjective test. The effect of a potential error on the final refraction values ​​determined for the eyes can be limited or eliminated. The consistency of the results obtained from a given first subjective test is checked in the verification step, the respective result of which is taken into account in the subsequent subjective test of the sequence.

[0011] The said value of one or more refraction characteristics of Petition 870250083756, dated 09 / 17 / 2025, page 8 / 64 4 / 44 The refractive index of one or both of the individual's eyes is determined by taking into account the provisional value of the first refractive feature. The value of one or more refractive features of one or both of the individual's eyes may be equal to the provisional value of the first refractive feature or determined through a sequence of subjective tests adapted taking into account the provisional value.

[0012] In particular, the subjective test under consideration initially comprises at least one first and one second predetermined subjective test. In the state of the art, the first and second predetermined subjective tests would be performed successively without regard to the provisional value of the first refractive peculiarity determined in the first predetermined subjective test to check for the presence of any inconsistencies.

[0013] In the optometry device of the invention, the verification test ensures that the provisional value is taken into account to modify the sequence if the result of the verification test suggests that this provisional value is not accurate.

[0014] In accordance with other non-limiting features of the invention device: - in step b), said one or more processors are programmed to: * compare the provisional value of the first refraction characteristic determined through said first subjective test with a refraction threshold value, and / or * compare an acuity value of at least one of the individual's eyes with an acuity threshold value; - in step b), said one or more processors are programmed to detect a potential error in said provisional value: * when the first refraction characteristic is above Petition 870250083756, dated 09 / 17 / 2025, page 9 / 64 5 / 44 of said refraction threshold value or * when the acuity value is lower than said acuity threshold value or * when the first refraction peculiarity is above said refraction threshold value and the acuity value is lower than said acuity threshold value; - said one or more processors are programmed to determine said refraction threshold value based on a previous value of the first refraction feature determined before the performance of said first subjective test; - said one or more processors are programmed to perform, in step b), an additional visual acuity test at the end of the first subjective test to determine said acuity value; - when a potential error is detected in step b), said one or more processors are programmed to determine, in step c), the next subjective test to be performed by: * the cancellation of the first subjective test and the performance of one of the said second predetermined subjective tests without any modification of the second predetermined subjective test and a second modified subjective test, testing the same second refraction characteristic of the same eye with a different method, or * the repetition of the said first subjective test without modification of the first subjective test or the performance of a first modified subjective test, testing the same first refraction characteristic of the same eye with a different method; - the aforementioned first or second subjective test comprises a plurality of trials in which an individual's visual performance in two different optical situations is evaluated and the said Petition 870250083756, dated 09 / 17 / 2025, page 10 / 64 6 / 44 optometry device is adapted to place said individual in different types of optical situations to perform said first or second subjective test, said first or second subjective test being predetermined and associated with a predetermined type of optical situations and said first or second subjective test being modified and associated with a different type of optical situations; - said sequence of subjective tests comprises a third predetermined subjective test and, when a potential error is detected in step b), said one or more processors are programmed to determine, in step c), the next subjective test to be performed by performing said third predetermined subjective test without performing said second predetermined subjective test; - the said acuity threshold value comprises one of the following: * an initial visual acuity value for at least one of the individual's eyes, determined before said first subjective test, * a reference visual acuity value for the individual's other eye, determined before or after said first subjective test, * a target visual acuity value; - said one or more processors are programmed to perform the next step when no potential error is detected in step b), recording said provisional value as a confirmed value of said first refractive peculiarity and performing said second predetermined subjective test; - said processors are programmed to perform an additional preliminary step before at least one of the subjective tests in said sequence of subjective tests, checking whether the predetermined conditions in the individual are met and determining whether said subjective test is canceled or not. Petition 870250083756, dated 09 / 17 / 2025, page 11 / 64 7 / 44 modified based on the result of this additional preliminary step; - In said additional preliminary step, said one or more processors are programmed to compare a visual acuity value of the right eye with a visual acuity value of the left eye or to compare the individual's age with an age threshold value.

[0015] The invention also relates to a method for testing an individual's eyes, implemented by a computer, comprising a sequence of subjective tests with at least one first and one second predetermined subjective tests, leading to the determination of corresponding values ​​of one or more refractive particularities of one or both of the individual's eyes by means of: a) the performance of said first subjective test, thus determining a provisional value of an initial refraction characteristic of the individual's eye, b) at the end of said first subjective test, the performance of a verification test to detect a potential error in said provisional value of the first refraction characteristic determined in step a), c) based on the result of said verification test, the determination of a next subjective test to be performed or the termination of the sequence of subjective tests.

[0016] In one embodiment of said method, said verification test comprises: - the comparison of the provisional value of the first refraction characteristic determined through said first subjective test with a refraction threshold value, and / or - a comparison of a final visual acuity value from at least one of the individual's eyes with a threshold visual acuity value.

[0017] The invention also relates to a product of Petition 870250083756, dated 09 / 17 / 2025, page 12 / 64 8 / 44 computer program comprising instructions that, when the program is executed by a computer, cause it to perform the steps of the method described above, leading to the determination of the corresponding values ​​of one or more refractive features of one or both eyes of the individual. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EXAMPLE(S)

[0018] The following description with reference to the accompanying drawings will make clear what the invention consists of and how it can be implemented. The invention is not limited to the embodiment(s) illustrated in the drawings. Accordingly, it should be understood that when particulars mentioned in the claims are followed by reference signs, these signs are included only for the purpose of improving the intelligibility of the claims and are in no way limiting the scope thereof.

[0019] Brief description of the attached drawings: Figure 1 relates to a first general embodiment of the invention. Figures 2 and 3 relate to a second embodiment of the invention.

[0020] In the following description, identical or corresponding elements of each modality will be referred to with the same reference sign and will not always be described in detail.

[0021] The invention relates to an optometry device for testing an individual's eyes.

[0022] According to the invention, the optometry device comprises a computer with one or more processors programmed to perform a sequence of subjective tests comprising at least a first and a second predetermined subjective tests, leading to the determination of values ​​of one or more refractive particularities of one or both eyes of the Petition 870250083756, dated 09 / 17 / 2025, page 13 / 64 9 / 44 individual by: a) the performance of said first predetermined subjective test, thus determining a provisional value of an initial refraction characteristic of the individual's eye; b) at the end of said first predetermined subjective test, the performance of a verification test to detect a potential error in said provisional value of the first refraction feature determined in step a); c) based on the result of said verification test, the determination of a next subjective test to be performed or the termination of the sequence of subjective tests.

[0023] The invention also relates to a method for testing an individual's eyes, implemented by a computer, comprising a sequence of subjective tests with at least one first and one second predetermined subjective tests, leading to the determination of values ​​of one or more refractive particularities of one or both of the individual's eyes, performing the steps a), b) and c) mentioned above.

[0024] These processors, one or more of them, can even be programmed to deduce, from the refractive characteristics of the individual's eyes, optical characteristics of an ophthalmic lens to improve their visual performance.

[0025] An optical feature may comprise a dioptric optical feature, that is, an optical feature measured in diopters, or an orientation, that is, an optical feature representing an angle, for example, measured in degrees.

[0026] The refractive characteristics of one or both eyes and, optionally, the optical characteristics of the ophthalmic lens are determined for the purpose of manufacturing said ophthalmic lens. The ophthalmic lens can then be used to manufacture an optical device. Petition 870250083756, dated 09 / 17 / 2025, page 14 / 64 10 / 44 adapted to the individual to improve their visual performance.

[0027] This optometry device may include: - a display unit, usually in the form of a screen, for displaying subjective tests, such as an eye chart to be observed by the individual, and - a phoropter (also called a refractometer) designed to provide one or more test lenses with different vision correction powers close to the individual's eye, through which the individual observes said eye chart, the vision correction powers of the phoropter being changed according to the responses provided by the individual regarding their ability to see optotypes, for example, characters, of the eye chart through the test lens providing a vision correction power.

[0028] This phoropter may be of a classic type with a set of lenses of different powers that can be successively arranged along the optical paths reaching the subject's eyes, to change the vision correction powers provided to each eye, or of an improved type having adjustable lenses of continuously variable power arranged along the optical paths reaching the subject's eyes, to change the vision correction powers provided to each eye by changing the power of the adjustable lens. The changing of lenses in the case of a standard phoropter or the changing of the adjustable lens powers in the case of an improved phoropter and the subjective tests displayed on the screen may be automatically controlled by said computer.

[0029] Generally, the screen is placed 5 to 6 meters from the phoropter to simulate an observation distance at infinity, and the eye chart is displayed in a conventional examination room with controlled lighting conditions. The characters on the eye chart and their background have their own luminance. In this case, the individual observes the Petition 870250083756, dated 09 / 17 / 2025, page 15 / 64 11 / 44 image displayed by the screen through the vision correction powers at an observation distance equal to the distance between the screen and the phoropter of 5 to 6 meters, which could be approximated to infinity.

[0030] This type of phoropter and the display unit used in the optometry device according to the invention may be the same as the device described in document EP3128894 or US20040032568.

[0031] For smaller examination rooms, when it is not possible to place the screen 5 to 6 meters away to approximate infinity, or for a compact optometry system specifically designed to reproduce, in a compact version, an examination room, the screen is placed closer to the phoropter and an optical system allows setting an observation distance greater than the physical distance separating the screen from the phoropter.

[0032] This is the case of the described embodiment, in which the phoropter belongs to an optometry device having an enclosure or casing simulating an examination room. The enclosure or casing surrounds a display unit suitable for displaying a test image to be viewed through the phoropter 100, placed a short distance from the phoropter, but observed by the individual at various viewing distances, thanks to an internal optical system.

[0033] These components of the optometry device according to the invention may be the same as those of the device described in document WO2020 / 188104, as described below.

[0034] Generally, the optometry device according to the invention comprises, for example, a refraction test unit having an optical system to provide different powers of vision correction near the individual's eye and a display unit adapted to produce a visual test image for the same. These are controlled by said computer. Petition 870250083756, dated 09 / 17 / 2025, page 16 / 64 12 / 44

[0035] The visual test image is visible through an output opening of said test unit of the optometry device.

[0036] The refraction test unit is interposed between the display unit and the individual's eye. It is movable so that its position can be adjusted in front of the individual's eyes.

[0037] The said refraction test unit may be of any type known to those skilled in the art. This refraction test unit is usually called a phoropter. It is adapted to provide a variable optical correction to the eye of the individual looking through it.

[0038] In particular, it may comprise a classic optical system for presenting different lenses with different optical powers in front of one or each eye of the individual, or no lens or a blank lens with no optical power.

[0039] Lenses with different powers are changed by means of a manual or preferably motorized control (not shown). These different powers are vision correction powers for the eye of the individual placed nearby.

[0040] The refraction test unit preferably comprises an optical system with one or a plurality of lenses with adjustable power, such as liquid lenses.

[0041] The refraction test unit is, for example, a visual compensation system as described in document WO 2015 / 155458.

[0042] The refraction test unit includes, for example, a lens having a variable spherical power.

[0043] The said variable spherical power lens has, for example, a deformable surface. The shape of this surface (in particular, the radius of curvature of this surface and, therefore, the spherical power supplied by the lens) can be controlled by moving a mechanical part (such as a ring) which can be driven by a motor in the drive unit. Petition 870250083756, dated 09 / 17 / 2025, page 17 / 64 13 / 44 refraction test.

[0044] The refraction test unit may also include a pair of independently rotating lenses, each having a cylindrical power.

[0045] Each of these can be rotated by the action of other motors in the refraction test unit.

[0046] The motors are controlled by a control unit, so that the combination of the variable spherical power lens and the two cylindrical power lenses provides a desired spherical and cylindrical correction for the individual's eye, as explained in document WO 2015 / 107o303.

[0047] The various elements of the refraction module (such as the variable spherical power lens, the cylindrical lenses, the motors and the control unit) are surrounded by an enclosure.

[0048] The optometry device preferably includes two visual compensation systems as mentioned above, each of these systems being situated in front of one of the individual's eyes. The adjustable powers of these visual compensation systems are vision correction powers for the individual's eye placed nearby.

[0049] The refraction test unit optionally comprises one or more elements designed to receive the individual's head and maintain it in a predetermined position relative to the refraction test unit 10. This element may, for example, receive the individual's forehead. Alternatively, or additionally, the refraction test unit could comprise an element to receive the individual's chin.

[0050] This refraction test unit is well known and will not be described in further detail here.

[0051] The display unit comprises: Petition 870250083756, dated 09 / 17 / 2025, page 18 / 64 14 / 44 - a screen adapted to display a test engraving used in the production of said visual test image and - at least one optical element having an optical power.

[0052] The optometry device is arranged so that a visual test image used in subjective tests of the individual's eyes can be produced at a variable distance from said output aperture.

[0053] For example, said optical element may be movable between an active position, in which it is placed in an optical path of the light emitted by said screen and exiting the device through said output aperture, and a retracted position, in which it remains outside said optical path.

[0054] The optical path is the path that a beam of light emitted by the screen at the center of the image displayed by the screen takes to traverse the display unit in order to reach the output aperture of the refraction test unit.

[0055] The distance between the visual test image and the output aperture of the refraction test unit is then the distance between the output aperture and the optical position of the visual test image. Said optical element may comprise, for example, an optical lens.

[0056] The distance between said visual test image and said exit aperture varies at least between a far viewing distance and a distance other than near or intermediate viewing distance. A far viewing distance is typically comprised between infinity and 65 to 70 centimeters. An intermediate viewing distance is typically comprised between 65 to 70 and 40 centimeters. A near viewing distance is typically comprised between 40 and 33 centimeters.

[0057] Preferably, the relative positions of the screen, the optical element and the output aperture are adapted to vary so that said distance between the produced visual test image and the Petition 870250083756, dated 09 / 17 / 2025, page 19 / 64 15 / 44 exit aperture varies continuously within one or several optical distance ranges between infinity and a near viewing distance.

[0058] Preferably, the said distance between the produced visual test image and the output aperture can assume any value between infinity and a near viewing distance.

[0059] The optometry device may include an enclosure adapted to be placed on a table, for example, or mounted on a stand to be placed on a table or on the floor.

[0060] The display unit of the optometry device may comprise any type of display device, such as a screen. It may comprise an active digital screen, such as a liquid crystal display, or a passive screen and a projection device.

[0061] Said one or more computer processors are programmed to command said refraction test unit and display unit to perform said sequence of subjective tests and steps a), b) and c).

[0062] The aforementioned sequence of subjective tests is typically determined to provide the refractive particularities of the individual's eyes necessary to determine the vision correction powers of ophthalmic lenses designed to improve the visual performance of the individual's eyes.

[0063] The said sequence of subjective tests comprises at least two predetermined subjective tests. These two subjective tests would typically be performed one after the other using optometry systems known in the state of the art. They may belong to the following group of subjective tests or comprise any other known subjective test: - determination of the visual acuity of one or both eyes, Petition 870250083756, dated 09 / 17 / 2025, page 20 / 64 16 / 44 - blurring and clearing of one eye to relax the accommodation, - determination of the spherical refraction of one of the eyes, - determination of the refraction and / or cylindrical axis of one of the eyes, - performance of binocular or biocular balance of the eyes, - determination of the prism, addition, or any other dioptric characteristic of one of the eyes.

[0064] Figure 1 schematically represents a first example of the sequence of a first subjective test 10 and a second subjective test 40 performed by the optometry device according to the invention.

[0065] A second example of the sequence of subjective tests comprises, for example, the following subjective tests, as shown in figures 2 and 3: - a step of blurring and defogging the right eye (block 100 of figure 2), - a step in determining the spherical refraction of the right eye (block 200 of figure 2), - a step in determining a refraction and a cylindrical axis of the right eye (block 300 of figure 2), - a step of blurring and defogging the left eye (block 400 of figure 2), - a step in determining the spherical refraction of the left eye (block 500 of figure 2), - a step in determining a refraction and a cylindrical axis of the left eye (block 600 of figure 2 or 3), - a step in adjusting the balance of the individual's eyes (block 700 of figure 3), Petition 870250083756, dated 09 / 17 / 2025, page 21 / 64 17 / 44 - a step of adjusting the spherical refraction of the right and left eyes under binocular vision conditions (block 900 of figure 3).

[0066] Said one or more particularities of refraction of the individual's eyes may comprise a spherical refraction of the left and / or right eye, a cylindrical refraction and / or axis of the left and / or right eye, an addition of the left and / or right eye, a prism value of the left and / or right eye.

[0067] In the example of the subjective test sequence mentioned above, the performance of the sequence leads to the determination of spherical refraction values ​​and cylindrical refraction and axis of both eyes of the individual.

[0068] In the present document, the optical particularity of the deduced ophthalmic lens may comprise, for example, one or more of the following: a spherical power, a cylindrical power, a cylindrical axis, a spherical difference between the right and left eyes.

[0069] Alternatively, the said sequence of subjective tests may comprise other subjective tests known to the expert in the art.

[0070] The subjective tests in the sequence are stored in one or more computer memories. One or more processors are programmed to be taken into account successively, in a specific order.

[0071] Each subjective test in the sequence is predetermined in the sense that the type of test is determined, as well as the parameters of that test.

[0072] As mentioned in the introduction, each subjective test comprises several stages, hereinafter referred to as trials, during each of which the individual must compare two different optical situations, taking into account a test value of a particular optical feature of a test lens placed in front of their eye. Depending on the individual's feedback on this comparison, Petition 870250083756, dated 09 / 17 / 2025, page 22 / 64 18 / 44, otherwise designated as the individual's response, the eye care professional increments the test value and, in the next trial of the subjective test, presents the individual with two new, different optical situations based on the incremented test value. This process is repeated until the individual gives a specific response or combination of responses. The refractive error value of the eye is then usually determined based on the test value used in the last trial of said subjective test.

[0073] In particular, each of the aforementioned first and second subjective tests comprises a plurality of trials, in which the visual performance of the individual placed in two different optical situations is evaluated.

[0074] Each subjective test can be associated with the refractive feature that is intended to be determined and with a set of parameters indicating how the subjective test is performed. The parameters may include the increment value between two successive test values, the initial test value used at the beginning of the subjective test, the type of optical situations compared, the particularities of those optical situations, etc.

[0075] Some subjective tests can be performed with different optical situations provided to the individual. These optical situations may have different particularities depending on the optical particularity determined through the corresponding subjective test. The optometry device may, consequently, comprise different optical elements.

[0076] Subjective tests to determine the spherical refraction of one or both eyes can, for example, be performed using the following different methods, in which different types of optical situations are used: - a duochrome test comprising the placement, in Petition 870250083756, dated 09 / 17 / 2025, page 23 / 64 19 / 44 in front of the individual's eye, of a test lens having an optical characteristic equal to a test value and the display, in this case simultaneously, of targets comprising a signal placed in a red or green environment, - a visual acuity test with or without blurring and defogging of the eye, i.e., with or without relaxation of accommodation, comprising the successive placement, in front of the individual's eye, of two test lenses having an optical characteristic equal to two different test values ​​(different spheres) and the display of a target, or the placement, in front of the individual's eye, of a test lens having an optical characteristic equal to a test value and the display of two or more targets of different sizes.

[0077] The subjective test to determine refraction and / or cylindrical axis may comprise a cross-cylinder test comprising displaying a target having multiple elements and adding, in front of the individual's eye, a cross-cylinder placed successively in two different positions depending on a test value of the cylindrical axis.

[0078] The subjective test to adjust the spherical refraction of the eyes to achieve binocular or biocular balance may include: - Simultaneously placing different test lenses in front of the individual's right and left eyes and displaying a different target to each eye; - the simultaneous placement of different test lenses in front of the individual's right and left eyes and the display of a single target to both eyes, viewed independently by each eye thanks to a polarizer and beam splitter or a prism.

[0079] The corresponding optical device can thus Petition 870250083756, dated 09 / 17 / 2025, page 24 / 64 20 / 44 understand optical means to accomplish each of these subjective tests. These means are well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail in this description.

[0080] Any two successive tests of the different subjective tests described above can be considered as the first and second previously defined predetermined subjective tests.

[0081] Said one or more processors of the optometry device, according to the invention, are programmed to first perform said first predetermined subjective test (block 10 of figure 1). When performing the first predetermined subjective test, a provisional value of a first refraction feature of the individual's eye is determined.

[0082] The provisional value of the first refraction peculiarity can be, for example: - a provisional value of the spherical refraction of the eye after blurring / defogging, - a provisional value of the spherical refraction of the eye without blurring / defogging, - a provisional value of the refraction or cylindrical axis of the eye, - a provisional value for the difference in spherical refraction between the two eyes, - a provisional value of the addition or prism of the eye.

[0083] After determining said provisional value, preferably immediately afterwards, one or more processors are programmed to perform a verification test to detect a potential error in said provisional value of the first refraction feature (arrow 11 and block 20 of figure 1).

[0084] The said verification test may, for example, comprise at least one of the following: Petition 870250083756, dated 09 / 17 / 2025, page 25 / 64 21 / 44 b1) comparison of the provisional value of the first refraction characteristic determined through said first subjective test with a refraction threshold value, and b2) comparison of an acuity value of at least one of the individual's eyes with an acuity threshold value.

[0085] When step b1) is performed during step b), said one or more processors are programmed to determine said refraction threshold value based on a previous value of the first refraction feature determined before the performance of said first subjective test.

[0086] For example, said verification test may comprise comparing an initial value of the refraction feature used to start the subjective test with the provisional value determined at the end of the subjective test. Said initial value of the refraction feature may be determined by an objective measurement or deduced from the individual's current optical equipment.

[0087] For example, the first subjective test could be a step of blurring and defogging one of the individual's eyes. The initial value of the eye's spherical refraction can be determined with an autorefractometer and compared with the provisional value of the eye's spherical refraction after blurring / defogging.

[0088] If the difference between the initial value and the provisional value of the spherical refraction of the eye after blurring and defogging is less than a predetermined allowable difference, the first subjective test is validated as correct. Otherwise, one or more processors are programmed to detect a possible error. The predetermined allowable difference is, for example, equal to 2 diopters (D). Petition 870250083756, dated 09 / 17 / 2025, page 26 / 64 22 / 44

[0089] In this example, the threshold value is the sum of the initial value and the predetermined allowed difference.

[0090] When step b2) is performed during step b), said one or more processors are programmed to: - use a visual acuity value for the eye, determined during the first subjective test or - perform an additional visual acuity test at the end of the first subjective test to determine said acuity value.

[0091] Said acuity value may comprise a monocular acuity value of said eye or a binocular acuity value.

[0092] Said threshold acuity value comprises one of the following: - an initial visual acuity value for at least one of the individual's eyes, determined prior to said first subjective test, - a reference value for visual acuity in the individual's other eye, determined before or after the aforementioned first subjective test, - a target value for visual acuity.

[0093] The said acuity threshold value may, in particular, comprise a predetermined target value of visual acuity, for example, a value of 10 / 10°.

[0094] The said acuity threshold value may comprise a monocular acuity value or a binocular acuity value.

[0095] Step b2) may comprise comparing the said acuity value of the tested eye with the predetermined acuity value, with the acuity value of the other eye, or with a binocular acuity value.

[0096] In step b), said one or more processors are programmed to detect a potential error in said provisional value: - when the first refraction characteristic is above the said refraction threshold value or Petition 870250083756, dated 09 / 17 / 2025, page 27 / 64 23 / 44 - when the acuity value is lower than the said acuity threshold value or - when the first refraction characteristic is above the said refraction threshold value and the visual acuity value is below the said visual acuity threshold value.

[0097] In step c), said one or more processors are programmed to determine a next subjective test to be performed or to terminate the sequence of subjective tests, based on the result of said verification test.

[0098] More precisely, when no potential error is detected in step b), said one or more processors are programmed to register said provisional value as a confirmed value of said first refractive peculiarity and perform said second predetermined subjective test.

[0099] This case is represented by arrow 21 and block 40 in figure 1.

[0100] When a potential error is detected in step b), said one or more processors are programmed to determine, in step c), the next subjective test to be performed by: - the cancellation of the first subjective test and the performance of one of the said second predetermined subjective tests without any modification of the second predetermined subjective test (arrow 24 of figure 1) and a second modified subjective test, testing the same second refraction peculiarity of the same eye with a different method, or - repeating the aforementioned first subjective test without modifying the first subjective test (arrow 12 in figure 1) or performing a modified first subjective test, testing the same first refraction feature of the same eye with a different method. Petition 870250083756, dated 09 / 17 / 2025, page 28 / 64 24 / 44

[0101] The first or second modified subjective test is associated with the same first or second refractive feature that is intended to be determined and with a modified set of parameters, comprising at least one parameter different from the corresponding parameter of the set of parameters of the first or second subjective test.

[0102] Next, when the optometry device of the invention is adapted to place said individual in different types of optical situations in order to perform said first or second subjective test, said predetermined first or second subjective test is associated with a predetermined type of optical situations. Said modified first or second subjective test is, for example, associated with a different type of optical situations.

[0103] One or more processors may be programmed to perform a new verification step after the performance of the first modified subjective test. When a potential error is detected, one or more processors may be programmed to perform yet another first modified subjective test or a second modified subjective test or to terminate the sequence.

[0104] Alternatively, one or more processors are programmed to terminate the sequence of subjective tests, as represented by arrow 22 and block 30 in figure 1.

[0105] In a case where said sequence of subjective tests includes a third predetermined subjective test (block 70 of figure 1), when a potential error is detected in step b), said one or more processors may be programmed to determine, in step c), that the next subjective test may include the performance of said third predetermined subjective test without performing said second predetermined subjective test (arrow 23 of figure 1). Petition 870250083756, dated 09 / 17 / 2025, page 29 / 64 25 / 44

[0106] The next subjective step performed after the first subjective test is therefore not necessarily the predetermined second subjective test, as it would be in a standard state-of-the-art sequence.

[0107] In the example in Figure 1, in block 20, the first refraction peculiarity is above the said refraction threshold value and the acuity value is below the said acuity threshold value, so that a potential error is detected in step b).

[0108] Any pair of two predetermined subjective tests to be performed successively during said sequence may play the role of the first and second predetermined subjective tests.

[0109] In the example in figure 1, steps a), b) and c) can be applied to the second and third predetermined subjective tests: when performing the second predetermined subjective test 40, a provisional value of the second refraction feature is determined and one or more processors are programmed to perform a verification step (arrow 41, block 50) to detect a potential error in said provisional value of the second refraction feature.

[0110] When no potential error is detected, one or more processors are programmed to perform the predetermined third subjective test (arrow 51, block 70). Otherwise, in the example in Figure 1, when a potential error is detected, one or more processors are programmed to terminate the sequence (arrow 52, ​​block 60) or perform a modified third subjective test (arrow 53).

[0111] In a first embodiment of the invention detailed below, the sequence comprises a first subjective test comprising the blurring and defogging of the right eye, a second subjective test comprising the determination of the spherical refraction of the eye. Petition 870250083756, dated 09 / 17 / 2025, page 30 / 64 26 / 44 right and a third subjective test comprising the determination of the refraction and cylindrical axis of the eye.

[0112] After the performance of the first subjective test and before the performance of the second subjective test, one or more processors are programmed to perform a verification step comparing the provisional value of the spherical refraction of the right eye, determined at the end of the defogging process, with an initial value of the spherical refraction determined at the beginning of the test, before the right eye was defogged. If the difference is, for example, greater than 2 D, a potential error is detected. Alternatively, one or more processors may be programmed to determine the final value of the visual acuity of the right eye at the end of the first subjective test and compare it with a target value of 10 / 10°. If the final value of visual acuity is less than 10 / 10°, a potential error is detected. The first subjective test is cancelled and the second subjective test is performed, or a modified first subjective defogging / defogging test is performed, or the sequence is terminated.

[0113] The first subjective test uses a standard fogging / defogging method. Each trial of this first subjective test typically comprises displaying two targets of different sizes and providing the individual with a test lens having a test spherical power value.

[0114] This subjective test is monocular.

[0115] In a first optical situation, the individual looks at a first target through the test lens. The size of the first target, seen at the individual's viewing distance, corresponds to a first acuity value.

[0116] In a second optical situation, the individual looks at a second target, smaller than the first, through the same test lens. Petition 870250083756, dated 09 / 17 / 2025, page 31 / 64 27 / 44 The size of the second target, as seen from the individual's viewing distance, corresponds to a second acuity value.

[0117] During each trial, the individual is asked to look at the two targets through the trial lens having a trial spherical power value equal to the test value and identify with which target the signal appears sharper.

[0118] The two targets are, for example, lines of letters on an acuity chart. For example, for the first trial, the first target is a line at 4 / 10 and the second target is a line at 8 / 10. The size of the first and second targets may change between trials.

[0119] The individual is asked to evaluate which of the first and second optical situations provides greater visual performance according to their perception. To obtain this information, depending on the subjective test performed, the eye care professional may, for example, ask: in which situation do you see the target better?, which target do you see better?, or what is the smallest target you can read?

[0120] The individual's response is entered into the computer.

[0121] The initial test value can, for example, be determined as the individual's current correction or based on an objective or subjective measurement, plus a determined dioptric value, for example, greater than 1 D. This addition of a determined dioptric value corresponds to an initial blurring step for the relaxation of the individual's accommodation.

[0122] Next, if the individual is able to clearly read the second target, the test value is increased.

[0123] This increase in the test value corresponds to the fogging stage.

[0124] Then, when the individual can clearly read only the first target, that is, when the result of the test is the third response, the test value is reduced. Petition 870250083756, dated 09 / 17 / 2025, page 32 / 64 28 / 44

[0125] This first decrease in the test value is the beginning of a second part of the test: the defogging stage.

[0126] Next, if the individual can clearly read only the first target, that is, when the result of successive trials is the third response 300, the test value is reduced.

[0127] In this document, during the defogging stage, the variation increment is preferably reduced between tests.

[0128] The first modified subjective fogging / defogging test may comprise an alternative method for defogging the eye, in which the time required for the individual to compare optical situations or their reading speed of the displayed optotypes is taken into account. Based, for example, on the method described in document EP3272274, the individual's level of certainty may be taken into account.

[0129] If no potential errors are detected, the provisional value is validated and placed in memory. The second subjective test is performed.

[0130] In a second embodiment of the invention, which will be detailed below, the sequence comprises a first subjective test comprising the determination of the spherical refraction of the right eye, a second subjective test comprising the determination of the cylindrical refraction and axis of the right eye, and a third subjective test comprising the determination of the visual acuity of the right eye.

[0131] After the performance of the first subjective test and before the performance of the second subjective test, one or more processors are programmed to perform a verification step comparing the provisional value of the spherical refraction of the right eye, determined at the end of the first subjective test, with an initial value of the spherical refraction determined at the beginning of or before the test. If the difference Petition 870250083756, dated 09 / 17 / 2025, page 33 / 64 If 29 / 44 is greater than 1 D, a potential error is detected. A second verification step is performed: one or more processors are programmed to determine the final visual acuity value of the right eye at the end of the first subjective test and compare it with the respective initial value at the beginning of the first subjective test. If the final visual acuity value is lower than the respective initial value, a potential error is detected. A modified first subjective test is performed before the second subjective test is performed, or the sequence is terminated.

[0132] The aforementioned first subjective test uses a visual acuity test employing optotypes for the method of determining spherical refraction. Each trial of this first subjective test typically comprises displaying a target and asking the individual to compare a first trial lens with a first spherical power value and a second trial lens with a second spherical power value.

[0133] This subjective test is monocular.

[0134] In the first optical situation, the individual looks at the said target through the first test lens.

[0135] In the second optical situation, the individual looks at the same target through the second test lens.

[0136] During each trial, the individual is asked to look at the target through the first and second trial lenses and identify with which of said first and second trial lenses the signal appears clearer.

[0137] For example, the individual is asked to evaluate which of the first and second optical situations corresponding to the use of the first and second trial lenses provides greater visual performance according to their perception. To obtain this information, depending on the subjective test performed, the healthcare professional Petition 870250083756, dated 09 / 17 / 2025, page 34 / 64 30 / 44 ocular can, for example, ask: in which situation do you see the target better? or which target do you see better?.

[0138] The subsequent assay is determined by one or more processors based on the individual's response in previous assays.

[0139] The first modified subjective test may comprise a duochrome test, in which the optical situations correspond to the display of signals on a red or green background.

[0140] In this duochrome test, each trial comprises displaying a target comprising a signal placed in a red and green environment and providing the individual with a trial lens having a trial spherical power value.

[0141] This subjective test is monocular.

[0142] In the first optical situation, a first target comprises a signal displayed on a uniform green background. Said signal comprises, for example, an optotype or a geometric shape.

[0143] In the second optical situation, a second target comprises a signal displayed on a uniform red background. Said signal comprises, for example, an optotype or a geometric shape. The second signal may be identical to the first.

[0144] During each trial, the individual is asked to look at the two targets through the trial lens having a trial spherical power value equal to the test value and identify with which target the signal appears sharper.

[0145] An initial test value can, for example, be determined as the individual's current correction or based on an objective or subjective measurement.

[0146] If the individual sees the signal more clearly against the green background compared to the red background, this means that the spherical power value of the test lens is not sufficient to Petition 870250083756, dated 09 / 17 / 2025, page 35 / 64 31 / 44 provide an appropriate correction for the eye of the individual being tested. One or more processors are programmed to increase it in the next trial.

[0147] If the individual sees the signal more clearly on the red background compared to the green background, this means that the spherical power of the test lens is too strong to provide an appropriate correction for the eye of the individual being tested. One or more processors are programmed to decrease it in the next test.

[0148] If the individual sees the signal with the same clarity in both the green and red backgrounds, the spherical power of the test lens is appropriate.

[0149] When no potential error is detected, the provisional value is validated and placed in memory. The second subjective test is performed.

[0150] This second subjective test is, for example, a cross-cylinder test.

[0151] During each trial, the individual is asked to look at a target through a trial lens known as a Jackson Cross Cylinder and referred to here as a cross cylinder.

[0152] In the first optical situation, the crossed cylinder is positioned in a first orientation. In the second optical situation, the crossed cylinder is positioned in a second orientation.

[0153] For the individual, in both optical situations, the target seen through the cross cylinder appears slightly out of focus. During the subjective test, the eye care professional may ask in which situation the target is less out of focus. One or more processors are programmed to increase the orientation angle to improve target readability.

[0154] After the performance of the second subjective test and before the performance of the third subjective test, one or more processors are Petition 870250083756, dated 09 / 17 / 2025, page 36 / 64 32 / 44 programmed to perform a verification step comparing the provisional value of the right eye's cylindrical refraction, determined at the end of the second subjective test, with an initial value of the cylindrical refraction determined at the beginning or before the test. If the difference is greater than 1 D, a potential error is detected. A second verification step is performed: one or more processors are programmed to determine the final value of the right eye's visual acuity at the end of the second subjective test and compare it with the respective initial value at the beginning of the second subjective test. If the final visual acuity value is lower than the respective initial value, a potential error is detected. A second modified subjective test is performed or the sequence is terminated.

[0155] The second modified subjective test may, for example, comprise a cross-cylinder test with a modified power or test axis, a different power and / or test axis sequence, a different target, or different optical situations.

[0156] It is also possible to modify the target to display it depending on the individual's initial visual acuity. The question then asked could be: in which position does the target appear best?

[0157] In a third embodiment of the invention, as detailed below, the sequence comprises a first subjective test comprising the adjustment of a balance between the eyes performed while two independent test images are provided to the individual's eyes, a second subjective test comprising the determination of the binocular acuity of the eyes and a third subjective test comprising the performance of a binocular spherical refraction determination.

[0158] The first subjective test is, for example, a standard binocular balance test.

[0159] In the first optical situation, the individual looks with their eye Petition 870250083756, dated 09 / 17 / 2025, p. 37 / 64 33 / 44 left to a target through a left test lens. The left test lens is characterized by a left test spherical power value.

[0160] In the second optical situation, the individual looks with their right eye at the same target through a right test lens. The right test lens is characterized by a right test spherical power value that differs from that of the left.

[0161] During each trial, the individual is asked to look successively at the target with their left eye through the left trial lens and then with their right eye through the right trial lens.

[0162] The initial test value can, for example, be determined as the difference in spherical power between the right and left eyes based on the individual's current correction or on two objective monocular measurements, one for the right eye and another for the second eye.

[0163] If the individual sees the target more clearly with the left test lens, that is, with the left eye, compared with the right test lens, the power of the lens supplied to the left eye is increased and that supplied to the right eye is decreased for the second test.

[0164] If the individual sees the target more clearly with the right test lens, that is, with the right eye, compared with the left test lens, the power of the lens supplied to the right eye is increased and that supplied to the left eye is decreased for the second test.

[0165] Preferably, the left and right spherical test power values ​​are modified in a symmetrical way in the same proportion.

[0166] After performing the first subjective test and before Petition 870250083756, dated 09 / 17 / 2025, page 38 / 64 34 / 44 Performance of the second subjective test: One or more processors are programmed to perform a verification step comparing the provisional spherical refraction value of the right and left eyes, determined at the end of the balance adjustment, with an initial spherical refraction value for each eye, determined at the beginning of the test. If the difference between the provisional value and the corresponding initial value for at least one eye is greater than 1 D, a potential error is detected. The first subjective test is canceled and a modified first subjective balance adjustment test is performed, or the predetermined second subjective test is performed directly.

[0167] The first modified subjective test may use red / green targets and / or adapted masks to be placed in front of one eye in order to allow the individual to look at the target only with the other eye.

[0168] If no potential error is detected, the provisional value is validated and placed in memory. The second predetermined subjective binocular acuity test is performed.

[0169] After the performance of the second subjective test and before the performance of the third subjective test, one or more processors are programmed to perform a verification step comparing the provisional binocular acuity value determined with the monocular acuity values ​​of each eye determined at the beginning of the test. If the difference between the provisional value and the corresponding initial value for at least one of the eyes is greater than 1 D, a potential error is detected. A second modified subjective binocular acuity test is performed or the sequence is terminated.

[0170] If no potential error is detected, the provisional binocular acuity value is validated and stored in memory. The third predetermined subjective test is performed. Petition 870250083756, dated 09 / 17 / 2025, page 39 / 64 35 / 44

[0171] Furthermore, said one or more processors may be programmed to perform an additional preliminary step before at least one of the subjective tests in said sequence of subjective tests, checking whether the predetermined conditions in the individual are met and determining whether said, at least one, subjective test is canceled or modified based on the result of this additional preliminary step.

[0172] An example of implementing the additional preliminary step of the invention is as follows. A sequence comprises a first subjective test comprising determining the visual acuity of the right eye, a second subjective test comprising determining the visual acuity of the left eye, and a third subjective test comprising performing a biocular balance step testing each eye while the other remains open.

[0173] After the performance of the first and second subjective tests and before the performance of the third subjective test, one or more processors are programmed to perform an additional preliminary step of comparing the visual acuity of the left and right eyes. If they are different, the third subjective test is skipped or a modified third subjective test is performed, for example, using a duochrome test instead of visual acuity tests using optotypes.

[0174] In another example of implementing said additional preliminary step, one or more processors are programmed to compare the individual's age with an age threshold value.

[0175] The invention also relates to a computer program product comprising instructions that, when the program is executed by a computer, cause it to perform the steps of the method described above.

[0176] Next, a global example of will be described Petition 870250083756, dated 09 / 17 / 2025, page 40 / 64 36 / 44 determination of the refraction particularities of an individual's eyes to show how the optometry device and the method of the invention can be used.

[0177] The sequence comprises the subjective tests listed in the second example of the sequence described above, with reference to figures 2 and 3. Unless otherwise stated, the particularities of eye refraction are determined under distance vision conditions.

[0178] In a preliminary step not shown in Figure 2, the initial monocular acuity and, optionally, the initial binocular acuity of the eyes are determined. During this preliminary step, the individual uses their current optical equipment or does not use optical equipment. These initial acuity values ​​can be taken into account for comparisons in the verification steps described below.

[0179] In the first subjective test of block 100, a blurring and defogging step is performed with the right eye. The blurring / defogging steps described above can be used.

[0180] Next, one or more processors are programmed to perform a first verification step (block 101) comparing the provisional spherical refraction value of the right eye, determined at the end of the defogging process, with an initial spherical refraction value determined before or at the beginning of the first subjective test, before defogging the right eye. If the difference is greater than 2 D, one or more processors are programmed to perform a second verification test comprising a visual acuity test (block 102 of figure 2) determining the monocular acuity of the right eye and comparing it (block 103 of figure 2) with the initial acuity value of the right eye or with a target value of 10 / 10°. Petition 870250083756, dated 09 / 17 / 2025, page 41 / 64 37 / 44

[0181] When the monocular acuity of the right eye is lower than the respective initial value or the target value, a potential error is detected. The sequence is then terminated (block 104 of figure 2).

[0182] When the difference between the provisional spherical refraction value of the right eye and the spherical refraction value determined before or at the beginning of the first subjective test is less than 2 D, or when the monocular acuity of the right eye at the end of the first subjective test is equal to or greater than the initial value or corresponding target value, the provisional spherical refraction value of the right eye, determined at the end of the defogging process, is validated and placed in memory. One or more processors are then programmed to perform the second subjective test.

[0183] The second subjective test comprises a step in determining the spherical refraction of the right eye (block 200 of figure 2). During this subjective test, the spherical refraction is adjusted with greater precision. Another provisional value of spherical refraction of the right eye is determined.

[0184] Next, one or more processors are programmed to perform a third verification step (block 201) comparing the provisional spherical refraction value of the right eye, determined at the end of the second subjective test, with the spherical refraction value determined at the beginning of the second subjective test. If the difference is greater than 2 D, one or more processors are then programmed to perform a fourth verification step comprising a visual acuity test (block 202 of Figure 2). These are programmed to determine the monocular acuity of the right eye and compare it (block 203 of Figure 2) with the initial acuity value of the right eye or with a target value of 10 / 10°.

[0185] When the monocular acuity of the right eye is lower than the respective initial value or the target value, a potential error is detected. Petition 870250083756, dated 09 / 17 / 2025, page 42 / 64 38 / 44 The sequence is then completed (block 204 of figure 2).

[0186] When the difference between the provisional spherical refraction value of the right eye and the spherical refraction value determined before or at the beginning of the second subjective test is less than 2 D, or when the monocular acuity of the right eye at the end of the second subjective test is equal to or greater than the initial value or corresponding target value, the provisional spherical refraction value of the right eye, determined at the end of the second subjective test, is validated and placed in memory. One or more processors are then programmed to perform the third subjective test.

[0187] The third subjective test comprises the step of determining a refraction and a cylindrical axis of the right eye (block 300 of figure 2). This third subjective test corresponds to a cross-cylinder test. It is possible to use the cross-cylinder test described above.

[0188] Next, one or more processors are programmed to perform a fifth verification step (block 301) comparing the provisional refraction or cylindrical axis value of the right eye, determined at the end of the third subjective test, with the refraction or cylindrical axis value determined before or at the beginning of the third subjective test. When the difference is, for example, greater than 1.25 D, preferably greater than 1.75 D, a potential error is detected.

[0189] The sequence is then terminated (block 302 of figure 2).

[0190] When the difference is, for example, less than 1.25 D or less than 1.75 D, the provisional cylindrical refraction value of the right eye, determined at the end of the third subjective test, is validated and stored in memory.

[0191] One or more processors are then programmed to repeat, for the left eye, the steps described above for the eye. Petition 870250083756, dated 09 / 17 / 2025, pp. 43 / 64 39 / 44 right in the fourth, fifth and sixth subjective tests (blocks 400, 500 and 600 of figure 2).

[0192] In the fourth subjective test of block 400, a blurring and clearing step is performed with the left eye.

[0193] Next, one or more processors are programmed to perform a sixth verification step (block 401) comparing the provisional spherical refraction value of the left eye, determined at the end of the defogging process, with an initial spherical refraction value of the left eye, determined at the beginning of the test, before the left eye was defogged.

[0194] When the difference is greater than 2 D, one or more processors are programmed to perform a seventh verification step comprising a visual acuity test (block 402 of figure 2). These are programmed to determine the monocular acuity of the left eye and compare it (block 403 of figure 2) with the initial acuity value of the left eye or with a target value of 10 / 10°. When the monocular acuity of the left eye is lower than the respective initial value or the target value, a potential error is detected. The sequence is then terminated (block 404 of figure 2).

[0195] When the difference between the provisional spherical refraction value of the left eye and the spherical refraction value determined before or at the beginning of the fourth subjective test is less than 2 D, or when the monocular acuity value of the left eye at the end of the fourth subjective test is equal to or greater than the initial value or corresponding target value, the provisional spherical refraction value of the left eye, determined at the end of the defogging process, is validated and placed in memory. One or more processors are then programmed to perform the fifth subjective test.

[0196] The fifth subjective test comprises a step in determining a spherical refraction of the left eye (block 500 of Petition 870250083756, dated 09 / 17 / 2025, pp. 44 / 64 40 / 44 figure 2). During this subjective test, spherical refraction is adjusted with greater precision. Another provisional spherical refraction value for the left eye is determined.

[0197] Next, one or more processors are programmed to perform an eighth verification step (block 501) comparing the provisional spherical refraction value of the left eye, determined at the end of the second subjective test, with the spherical refraction value of the left eye, determined before or at the beginning of the fifth subjective test. When the difference is greater than 2 D, one or more processors are programmed to perform a ninth verification step comprising a visual acuity test (block 502 of figure 2). These are programmed to determine the monocular acuity of the left eye and compare it (block 503 of figure 2) with the initial acuity value of the left eye or with a target value of 10 / 10°.

[0198] When the monocular acuity of the left eye is lower than the respective initial value or the target value, a potential error is detected. The sequence is then terminated (block 504 of figure 2).

[0199] When the difference is less than 2 D or when the monocular acuity value of the left eye at the end of the fifth subjective test is equal to or greater than the initial value or corresponding target value, the provisional spherical refraction value of the left eye, determined at the end of the fifth subjective test, is validated and placed in memory. One or more processors are then programmed to perform the sixth subjective test.

[0200] The sixth subjective test comprises the step of determining a refraction and a cylindrical axis of the left eye (block 600 of figure 2). This sixth subjective test corresponds to a cross-cylinder test.

[0201] Next, one or more processors are programmed. Petition 870250083756, dated 09 / 17 / 2025, pp. 45 / 64 41 / 44 to perform a tenth verification step (block 601 of figure 3) comparing the provisional refraction or cylindrical axis value of the left eye, determined at the end of the sixth subjective test, with the cylindrical refraction value determined at the beginning of the sixth subjective test. If the difference is greater than 1.50 D, a potential error is detected.

[0202] The sequence is then terminated (block 602 of figure 3).

[0203] When no potential error is detected in any of the preceding subjective tests in the sequence, the provisional cylindrical refraction value of the left eye, determined at the end of the sixth subjective test, is validated and stored in memory.

[0204] One or more processors are then programmed to perform an additional preliminary step (block 653 of figure 3) to check whether the predetermined conditions in the individual are met in order to perform the seventh subjective test comprising an eye balance test.

[0205] The additional preliminary stage comprises a double vision test design to check if the individual can simultaneously see two independent images, each image being viewed with one eye.

[0206] When the additional preliminary step indicates that the individual is able to have double vision, one or more processors are programmed to perform the seventh subjective test (block 700 of figure 3).

[0207] This seventh subjective test is an eye balance test using a single target and a prism (or polarizers) to display two images of the single target, one of the two images being provided to each eye. Each eye sees a different image of the target, independently of the other eye and simultaneously with the image of the target seen by the other eye. Consequently, the individual has double vision of the target. The individual is asked to compare the two images of the target seen simultaneously to indicate which one is seen with Petition 870250083756, dated 09 / 17 / 2025, pp. 46 / 64 42 / 44 more readability. A trial lens with a different trial power is provided for each eye.

[0208] The individual's responses are entered into the computer and taken into account by one or more processors that are programmed to increase the testing power of the test lenses until the individual sees both images with the same legibility.

[0209] When at least one potential error is detected in any of the preceding subjective tests in the sequence, or when the visual acuity test performed from the beginning of the sequence does not determine a visual acuity equal to or greater than 10 / 10°, one or more processors are programmed to perform a visual acuity test (block 650 of Figure 3). The monocular visual acuity values ​​of the right and left eyes are determined and compared (block 651 of Figure 3) with each other and with the initial monocular visual acuity values ​​of the corresponding eye or with the target values.

[0210] When at least one of the determined monocular visual acuity values ​​for the right and left eyes is lower than the initial value for the corresponding eye or lower than the target value, the sequence is terminated (block 652 of figure 3).

[0211] When both determined monocular visual acuity values ​​of the right and left eyes are equal to or greater than the initial value for the corresponding eye or the target value and the two determined monocular visual acuity values ​​of the right and left eyes are equal, one or more processors are programmed to validate and store in memory the refraction and / or cylindrical axis of the left eye and perform the aforementioned additional preliminary step of checking the individual's double vision ability (block 653 of figure 3).

[0212] When both determined values ​​of monocular visual acuity of the right and left eyes are equal to or greater than Petition 870250083756, dated 09 / 17 / 2025, page 47 / 64 43 / 44 initial value for the corresponding eye or target value, but the two determined monocular visual acuity values ​​of the right and left eyes are different from each other, one or more processors are programmed to ignore the seventh subjective binocular balance step and perform a binocular visual acuity test (block 800 of figure 3).

[0213] Alternatively, in the latter case, the said one or more processors can be programmed to perform a modified seventh subjective test (block 660 of figure 3) performing the balance for the right and left eyes separately, without using double vision.

[0214] The seventh modified subjective test also uses a single target and a prism or polarizers to provide two distinct images of the target, one image of said two distinct images being provided to each eye of the individual, independently of the other eye. The target is, however, modified to comprise a red and a green area, so that each eye sees both colors.

[0215] Next, the individual is asked to compare the vision of the red and green parts of the target with each eye. Therefore, the individual is not asked to compare the vision of the two target images seen by both eyes. The test can then be performed even if the individual does not have double vision. One or more processors are then programmed to increment the test powers of the test lenses in order to obtain a similar vision of the red and green targets by both eyes.

[0216] One or more processors are then programmed to perform a binocular visual acuity test and an eleventh verification test (block 801) comparing the binocular visual acuity value with a target value.

[0217] When the determined value is less than the target value, one or Petition 870250083756, dated 09 / 17 / 2025, pp. 48 / 64 44 / 44 more processors are scheduled to finish the sequence (block 802 in figure 3).

[0218] Otherwise, one or more processors are programmed to perform the eighth subjective test for determining the binocular spherical refraction of the eyes (block 900 of figure 3).

[0219] One or more processors are then programmed to perform a twelfth verification test (block 901) comprising determining a final value of monocular visual acuity of the right and left eyes and a final value of binocular visual acuity of the eyes and comparing the final values ​​with previously determined values, for example, with the initial values ​​determined before the first subjective test.

[0220] When any of the final values ​​is less than the corresponding initial value, the eight subjective tests are canceled and the sequence is terminated (block 902).

[0221] Otherwise, one or more processors are programmed to perform another additional preliminary step (block 903) of comparing the individual's age with an age threshold. If the individual's age is higher than said threshold, for example, 40 years, one or more processors are programmed to perform additional subjective tests in order to determine the particularities of the eyes' refraction under near vision conditions (block 950).

[0222] When the age is below the said threshold, the sequence is terminated.

[0223] Generally, when the sequence is completed, the individual is referred to an eye health professional for a manual subjective testing sequence. One or more processors in the optometry device are programmed to generate the values ​​of the eye's refraction characteristics, which were previously validated before the end of the sequence. Petition 870250083756, dated 09 / 17 / 2025, pp. 49 / 64

Claims

1 / 5 CLAIMS 1. Optometry device for testing an individual's eyes, characterized by comprising a computer with one or more processors programmed to perform a sequence of subjective tests comprising at least a first (10) and a second (40) predetermined subjective tests, leading to the determination of values ​​of one or more refractive particularities of one or both of the individual's eyes, wherein said one or more processors being programmed to: a) perform said first predetermined subjective test (10), thereby determining a provisional value of a first refractive particularity of the individual's eye; b) at the end of said first predetermined subjective test, perform a verification test (20) to detect a potential error in said provisional value of the first refractive particularity determined in step a);c) based on the result of said verification test, determine a next subjective test (40, 70) to be performed or end (30) the sequence of subjective tests.; 2. Optometry device, according to claim 1, characterized in that, in step b), said device has one or more processors programmed to: - compare the provisional value of the first refraction feature determined through said first subjective test with a refraction threshold value, and / or - compare an acuity value of at least one of the individual's eyes with an acuity threshold value.

3. Optometry device, according to claim 2, characterized in that, in step b), said one or more processors (Petition 870250083756, dated 17 / 09 / 2025, page 50 / 64 2 / 5) are programmed to detect a potential error in said provisional value: - when the first refraction feature is above said refraction threshold value or - when the acuity value is lower than said acuity threshold value or - when the first refraction feature is above said refraction threshold value and the acuity value is lower than said acuity threshold value.

4. Optometry device, according to any one of claims 2 and 3, characterized in that one or more processors are programmed to determine said refraction threshold value based on a prior value of the first refraction feature determined before the performance of said first subjective test.

5. Optometry device, according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that one or more processors are programmed to perform, in step b), an additional visual acuity test at the end of the first subjective test to determine said acuity value.

6. Optometry device, according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that, when a potential error is detected in step b), said one or more processors are programmed to determine, in step c), the next subjective test to be performed by: - ​​canceling the first subjective test and performing one of said second predetermined subjective tests without any modification of the second predetermined subjective test and a second modified subjective test, testing the same second refraction feature of the same eye with a different method, or - repeating said first subjective test without modification of the first predetermined subjective test or performing a first modified subjective test, testing the same first refraction feature of the same eye with a different method.

7. Optometry device, according to claim 6, characterized in that said first or second subjective test comprises a plurality of trials in which the visual performance of the individual placed in two different optical situations is evaluated and said optometry device is adapted to place said individual in different types of optical situations to perform said first or second subjective test, said predetermined first or second subjective test being associated with a predetermined type of optical situations and said modified first or second subjective test being associated with a different type of optical situations.

8. Optometry device, according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that said sequence of subjective tests comprises a third predetermined subjective test and, when a potential error is detected in step b), said one or more processors are programmed to determine, in step c), the next subjective test to be performed by: - ​​performing said third predetermined subjective test, without performing said second predetermined subjective test.

9. Optometry device, according to any one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that the acuity threshold value comprises one of the following: Petition 870250083756, dated 17 / 09 / 2025, page 52 / 64 4 / 5 - an initial visual acuity value of at least one of the individual's eyes, determined before said first subjective test, - a reference visual acuity value of the other eye of the individual, determined before or after said first subjective test, - a target visual acuity value.

10. Optometry device, according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that one or more processors are programmed to perform the following steps: - when no potential error is detected in step b), the recording of said provisional value as a confirmed value of said first refractive peculiarity and the performance of said second predetermined subjective test.

11. Optometry device, according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that one or more processors are programmed to perform an additional preliminary step before at least one of the subjective tests in said sequence of subjective tests, checking whether predetermined conditions in the individual are met and determining whether said, at least one, subjective test is canceled or modified based on the result of this additional preliminary step.

12. Optometry device, according to claim 11, characterized in that, in said additional preliminary step, said one or more processors are programmed to compare a visual acuity value of the right eye with a visual acuity value of the left eye or to compare the individual's age with an age threshold value.

13. Method for testing an individual's eyes, implemented by a computer, characterized by comprising a sequence of subjective tests with at least one first (10) and a Petition 870250083756, dated 17 / 09 / 2025, page. 53 / 64 5 / 5 second (40) predetermined subjective tests, leading to the determination of values ​​of one or more refractive particularities of one or both eyes of the individual by means of: a) the performance of said first subjective test (10), thus determining a provisional value of a first refractive particularity of the individual's eye, b) at the end of said first subjective test, the performance of a verification test (20) to detect a potential error in said provisional value of the first refractive particularity determined in step a), c) based on the result of said verification test, the determination of a next subjective test (40, 70) to be performed or the termination (30) of the sequence of subjective tests.

14. Method, according to claim 13, characterized in that said verification test comprises: - comparing the provisional value of the first refraction feature determined through said first subjective test with a refraction threshold value, and / or - comparing an acuity value of at least one of the individual's eyes with an acuity threshold value.

15. Computer program product, characterized by comprising instructions that, when the program is executed by a computer, cause it to perform the steps of the method, as defined in claim 13 or 14, leading to the determination of values ​​of one or more refractive particularities of one or both eyes of the individual. Petition 870250083756, dated 09 / 17 / 2025, pp. 54 / 64

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