AGENTES DE RESISTÊNCIA À CHUVA

Abstract

Rainfastness Agents The present invention relates to rainfastness agents for agrochemical formulations, which comprise alkyd resins and agrochemical actives, nutrients, and / or biostimulants. The alkyd resin is formed from C2 to C16 diacids, C6 to C30 fatty acids, and C3 to C8 polyols. There is also provided a concentrate formulation which may be diluted to give the agrochemical formulation, and a method of treating crops with such formulations, in particular when used in foliar application. The alkyd resin provides for rainfastness properties, whilst also having desired biobased and biodegradable properties, and significantly reduces wash-off for agrochemical actives, nutrients, and biostimulants, after foliar application by spraying.

Description

1 / 42 RAIN RESISTANCE AGENTS

[0001] The present invention relates to rain resistance agents for agrochemical formulations with active agrochemicals and / or nutrients and / or biostimulants and a method of providing rain resistance and reduced removal of the active ingredients or nutrients by rain. The present invention also includes methods of treating crops with such formulations, in particular when used in foliar application.

[0002] The biological effectiveness of agrochemicals or nutrients is influenced by numerous factors, one of which is the amount of time the ingredient remains on the treated surface before being removed by rain, commonly referred to as rain resistance in the field. Rain resistance can be improved by adding ingredients to the formulation, which can provide resistance to removal.

[0003] Rain can adversely affect a pesticide application by physically washing the active ingredient from the crop to which it is applied or diluting the product into a less effective form. Redistribution of the active ingredient can also occur after rain, so that the active ingredient remains less available. Rain resistance is the ability of an active ingredient to remain available in the crop for longer when exposed to wet, windy, or rainy conditions. Rain resistance leads to long-lasting activity of the active ingredient(s) under adverse weather conditions such as rain or wind.

[0004] Rain resistance can allow a lower dose of active ingredient, nutrient, or biostimulant to be applied with minimal performance loss and / or allow longer intervals between spray applications. Applying a low dose of active ingredient and / or with longer spray intervals can also lead to improved crop safety and reduced phytotoxicity. Furthermore, the reduction in the removal of active ingredients from crops by rain is also important in reducing Petition 870250084582, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 11 / 159 2 / 42 unwanted off-target losses of active ingredients to the environment.

[0005] Numerous previous solutions have been disclosed. For example, document GB 658,222 discloses the use of vinyl chloride and / or vinylidene chloride copolymers and polymers in aqueous pesticide compositions to reduce the removal of pesticide residues by rain. Document WO 2012 / 121413 discloses aqueous pesticide compositions comprising a pesticide active ingredient, a carboxy-modified methyl methacrylate-butadiene copolymer, a surfactant and water, having excellent pesticidal activity and being rain-resistant. Document WO 2005 / 115,413 discloses a rain-resistant bioactive composition comprising a bioactive ingredient and a suspension concentrate of a latex polymer emulsified with an in situ crosslinked hydrocarbon polymer. Document WO 2008 / 002.Document EP0,862,856 discloses pesticide formulations with biopolymers and substituted organic polymers to improve residual activity, droplet size, adhesion and rain resistance on leaves, and to reduce soil leaching. Document EP2,587,916 discloses compositions for pest control, processes for their preparation, and methods for treating surfaces (non-plant) with such formulations for the sustained control of weather-resistant pests. The composition includes a pesticide and an aqueous polymer dispersion comprising a styrene t-butylacrylate n-butylacrylate terpolymer.

[0006] Consequently, there is still a need to develop compositions that exhibit good rain resistance and biological efficacy for use in foliar applications with low removal and that also have the desired storage stability. Additionally, there is a desire for said rain-resistant agents to be biodegradable and bio-based.

[0007] There is a need to find rain-resistant agents that allow the formation of agrochemical formulations and overcome the problems described above. The present invention also seeks to provide the use of Petition 870250084582, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, p. 12 / 159 3 / 42 concentrated agrochemicals and diluted formulations comprising said rain-resistant agents.

[0008] According to a first aspect of the present invention, an agrochemical formulation is provided comprising: i) a rain-resistant agent selected from an alkyd resin composed of C2 to C16 diacids, C6 to C30 fatty acids and C3 to C8 polyols; and ii) at least one selected from an agrochemical, nutrient or biostimulant active ingredient. According to a second aspect of the present invention, a concentrate formulation suitable for producing an agrochemical formulation of the first aspect is provided, said concentrate comprising: i) a rain-resistant agent selected from an alkyd resin formed from C2 to C16 diacids, C6 to C30 fatty acids and C3 to C8 polyols; and ii) at least one selected from an agrochemical, nutrient or biostimulant active ingredient dispersed in an aqueous medium.

[0009] According to a third aspect, the use of a rain-resistant agent selected from an alkyd resin, according to the first aspect, is provided as part of a foliar application to improve the rain resistance of an agrochemical, nutrient or biostimulant active ingredient.

[0010] According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a method for treating vegetation is provided for controlling pests, and the method comprises applying a formulation from the first aspect and / or a diluted concentrate formulation from the second aspect to said vegetation or to the immediate environment of said vegetation.

[0011] According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, an emulsified formulation is provided comprising a rain-resistant agent selected from an alkyd resin formed from C2 to C16 diacids, Petition 870250084582, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, p. 13 / 159 4 / 42 fatty acids C6 to C30 and polyols C3 to C8, suitable for foliar application.

[0012] It has been found that an alkyd resin of the structure noted above provides desirable rain resistance properties when used in a wide range of agrochemical formulations while also having biodegradable and bio-based properties. The alkyd resin has been found to significantly reduce the removal of agrochemical actives, nutrients and biostimulants, comprised in an agrochemical formulation after foliar application by spraying.

[0013] As used in this document, the terms for example, by way of example, such as, or including are intended to introduce examples that further clarify the general subject matter. Unless otherwise specified, these examples are provided only as an aid to understanding the applications illustrated in this disclosure and should not be limiting in any way.

[0014] It will be understood that when describing the number of carbon atoms in a substituent group (e.g., “C1 to C6 alkyl”), the number refers to the total number of carbon atoms present in the substituent group, including any present in any branched groups. Additionally, when describing the number of carbon atoms in, for example, fatty acids, the same refers to the total number of carbon atoms, including that in the carboxylic acid, and any present in any branched groups.

[0015] The agrochemical formulations of the present invention comprise a rain-resistant agent, said agent being an alkyd resin.

[0016] Alkyd resins are polyesters that contain in their structure the functionality of saturated or unsaturated vegetable oils. They are made by esterifying triglycerides (or fatty acids) and various monofunctional and difunctional acids or anhydrides with a variety of di-, tri-, and tetrafunctional polyols.

[0017] Thus, in its simplest form, an alkyd resin can be Petition 870250084582, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, p. 14 / 159 5 / 42 obtained by reacting a triglyceride drying oil, as defined above, with glycerol to produce a transesterified intermediate, which is further reacted with a polyfunctional acid to produce the alkyd polymer, whose chain length is determined by the ratio of mono- to diglycerides in the mixture or the presence of other monofunctional species, such as benzoic acid.

[0018] The polyfunctional acid typically used in this reaction is phthalic anhydride and its isomers, but other acids and combinations can also be used. Alkyd products can be adjusted to meet many end-use requirements, either by altering reagents or reagent ratios or by including modifiers.

[0019] Therefore, alkyd resin can be considered a reaction product of polyol, diacid, and fatty acid. The alkyd resin polymers of the present invention are formed from the reaction of C2 to C16 diacids, C6 to C30 fatty acids, and C3 to C8 polyols.

[0020] The term “polyol” is well known in the art and refers to an alcohol comprising more than one hydroxyl group.

[0021] The polyol can be selected from triols, tetrols, pentols, hexols, heptols or octols. Preferably, the polyol can be selected from triols, tetrols, pentols, hexols or heptols. More preferably, the polyol can be selected from triols, tetrols or hexols.

[0022] Suitable polyols may be selected from glycerol, diglycerol, triglycerol, tetraglycerol, erythritol, dierythritol, trierythritol, tetraerythritol, propylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolethane or pentaerythritol. Preferably, said polyol is selected from glycerol, diglycerol, triglycerol, tetraglycerol, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolpropane, isosorbide or pentaerythritol. More preferably, said polyol is selected from glycerol, diglycerol, triglycerol, dimethylolpropane, trimethylolpropane or pentaerythritol. Most preferably, glycerol, diglycerol, trimethylolpropane or pentaerythritol.

[0023] In an alternative embodiment, sugar alcohols may be Petition 870250084582, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 15 / 159 6 / 42 used to form the polyol, although it is understood that non-sugar alcohols, as noted above, are preferred. In this descriptive report, the terms “sugars” and “sugar alcohols” refer to a group of saccharide-derived polyols that have 4 to 7 hydroxyl groups. Examples of preferred sugars and sugar alcohols may include monosaccharides and disaccharides that have 4 to 7 hydroxyl groups.

[0024] Preferred sugar alcohols may be selected from glucose, fructose, sorbitol, sorbitan, xylitol, threitol, ribitol, fucitol, mannitol, sucrose, galactitol, iditol, inositol or volemitol. Monosaccharide sugar alcohols may be particularly preferred. With further preference, said sugar alcohols may be selected from glucose, fructose or sorbitol. In particular, sorbitol or sorbitan may be preferred as polyols obtained from natural sources.

[0025] The diacid of the rain-resistant agent will be understood to be a molecule containing two carboxylic acid functional groups.

[0026] The diacid is selected from a C2 to C16 diacid. Preferably, a C4 to C12 diacid. More preferably, a C4 to C10 diacid.

[0027] The diacid may be of any suitable type, including linear, branched or cyclic diacids. In particular, a linear or cyclic diacid may be preferred. A particularly preferred type of diacid is a linear C2 to C16 diacid, more preferably a linear C4 to C10 diacid.

[0028] Suitable linear diacids may be selected from oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, undecanodioic acid, dodecanodioic acid, brassilic acid and tapic acid. Preferably, the diacid may be selected from succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid and undecanodioic acid. More preferably, selected from succinic acid, adipic acid, azelaic acid and sebacic acid. Most preferably, sebacic acid. Petition 870250084582, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 16 / 159 7 / 42

[0029] In an embodiment in which cyclic diacids are preferred, suitable diacids may be a dehydrated diacid resulting in an anhydride, said anhydride being substituted or unsubstituted. Suitable anhydrides may be selected from succinic anhydride and phthalic anhydride.

[0030] The fatty acids used in the present invention are C6 to C30 fatty acids. Preferably selected from C8 to C30 fatty acids, more preferably C12 to C24 fatty acids, particularly C14 to C22 fatty acids, with additional preference, C16 to C22 fatty acids. Especially, C18 fatty acids may be preferred.

[0031] Fatty acids can be selected from linear or branched fatty acids. Fatty acids can be selected from saturated or unsaturated fatty acids.

[0032] When unsaturated fatty acids are present, they may be selected from unsaturated fatty acids comprising at least one unsaturated carbon-carbon double bond. Unsaturated fatty acids having in the range of 1 to 3 carbon-carbon double bonds are particularly preferred. Monounsaturated or diunsaturated fatty acid residues are most preferred. The carbon-carbon double bond(s) of the fatty chain may be present in a cis or trans configuration.

[0033] Preferably, the fatty acid residues used are derived from monounsaturated or diunsaturated fatty acids. Preferred fatty acids may also include some triunsaturated fatty acids, as it has been found that their addition can improve the stability properties of cold liquids.

[0034] Iodine values ​​are understood to represent the average amount of unsaturation of fats or oils, and are expressed in terms of the number of centigrams of iodine absorbed per gram of sample (% iodine absorbed). When unsaturated fatty acids are present, said fatty acids Petition 870250084582, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 17 / 159 8 / 42 can be selected so that the iodine value is greater than 70. Preferably, said iodine value is greater than 90. More preferably, said iodine value is greater than 100. Most preferably, said iodine value is greater than 110.

[0035] Suitable saturated fatty acids may be selected from caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, isostearic acid, arachidic acid, behenic acid or lignoceric acid. Preferred saturated fatty acids may be selected from caprylic acid, capric acid, stearic acid, isostearic acid or lauric acid.

[0036] Suitable unsaturated fatty acids may be selected from myristoleic acid, palmitoleic acid, sapienic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, vaccenic acid, linoleic acid, linoelaidic acid, arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, erucic acid or docosahexaenoic acid. Preferred unsaturated fatty acids may be selected from oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, palmitoleic acid or elaidic acid. Particularly preferred unsaturated fatty acids may be oleic acid, linoleic acid and mixtures thereof.

[0037] In particular, the most preferable fatty acids can be selected from isostearic (C18 branched saturated), stearic (C18 linear saturated), isostearic (C18 branched saturated), caprylic (C8 linear saturated), lauric (C12 linear saturated) and mixtures thereof.

[0038] Fatty acids may be mixtures of unsaturated fatty acids obtained from natural fats and oils, for example, canola oil, sunflower oil, soybean oil, olive oil, cottonseed oil, grapeseed oil, peanut oil, rapeseed oil, safflower oil, cottonseed oil or pine oil. Preferably canola oil, rapeseed oil, safflower oil, soybean oil or pine oil. More preferably, soybean oil or rapeseed oil.

[0039] Particularly preferred fatty acids may be Petition 870250084582, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, p. 18 / 159 9 / 42 selected from soybean oil, stearic acid or isostearic acid.

[0040] In an alternative embodiment, the fatty acid used may be purified prior to use in the present invention. Purification may be performed to raise the levels of desired fatty acid chains and reduce the level of undesired fatty acid chains in order to modify iodine values, titration values ​​or pour points.

[0041] A fatty acid can be a mixture that is formed by blending several different fatty acids or a mixture that occurs naturally as a result of using a natural oil.

[0042] The specified alkyd resins formed from combinations of polyols, diacids and fatty acids may be preferred. Preferred combinations can be selected from: glycerol - azelaic acid - rapeseed oil, glycerol - isostearic acid - adipic acid, glycerol - succinic acid - soybean oil, pentaerythritol - azelaic acid - soybean oil, trimethylolpropane - adipic acid - soybean oil, glycerol - adipic acid - isostearic acid, glycerol - azelaic acid - stearic / isostearic acid blend, diglycerol - azelaic acid - stearic / isostearic acid blend, diglycerol - sebacic acid - soybean oil, pentaerythritol - sebacic acid - soybean oil, glycerol - adipic acid - lauric acid, pentaerythritol - succinic anhydride - soybean oil, glycerol - adipic acid, adipic acid - stearic acid, pentaerythritol - adipic acid - caprylic acid and glycerol - azelaic acid - a blend of soybean oil and stearic acid.

[0043] The alkyd resin formed may be of any suitable type, including both linear and branched copolymers. When the copolymer is linear, it may be a block, alternating, or periodic copolymer. When the copolymer is branched, it may be a graft or star copolymer. In particular, a branched copolymer may be preferred.

[0044] The molecular weight of alkyd resin is typically from 2,000 to 280,000 Da, particularly from 2,500 to 250,000 Da, more particularly from 3,000 to 220,000 Da, and especially from about 3,500 to 210,000 Da.

[0045] In a specific embodiment, the molecular weight may be in the range Petition 870250084582, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 19 / 159 10 / 42 from 92,000 to 220,000 Da, particularly from 100,000 Da to 180,000 Da, more particularly from 115,000 to 165,000 Da, and especially from about 125,000 to 150,000 Da.

[0046] Molecular weight will be determined by size exclusion chromatography, such as size exclusion GPC (SE-GPC), as described in this document, specifically the TSKgel GMPWXL Protocol.

[0047] The amount of C3 to C8 polyols present in the alkyd resin is in the range of 5 to 45% by weight, as a percentage of the total copolymer weight. More preferably, in the range of 7 to 40% by weight. With additional preference, in the range of 10 to 38% by weight. With maximum preference, in the range of 15 to 35% by weight.

[0048] The amount of C2 to C16 diacid present in the alkyd resin is in the range of 2 to 60% by weight, as a percentage of the total copolymer weight. More preferably, in the range of 5 to 55% by weight. With additional preference, in the range of 8 to 50% by weight. Most preferably, in the range of 10 to 45% by weight.

[0049] The amount of C6 to C30 fatty acids present in the alkyd resin is in the range of 20 to 85% by weight, as a percentage of the total copolymer weight. More preferably, in the range of 25 to 80% by weight. With additional preference, in the range of 30 to 75% by weight. Most preferably, in the range of 35 to 70% by weight.

[0050] The molar ratio between the fatty acid and the polyol and the diacid may be in the range of 1:0.35 to 0.60:0.60 to 0.95. Preferably, in the range of 1:0.40 to 0.57:0.70 to 0.95. More preferably, in the range of 1:0.45 to 0.53:0.75 to 0.94.

[0051] Alkyd resin can be used in an emulsified form or an emulsification system, which can be combined with an agrochemical formulation.

[0052] Preferably, the carbon-containing parts of the alkyd resin are at least 60% bio-based, based on the total weight of the carbon-containing parts of the composition, more preferably at least 70%, Petition 870250084582, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 20 / 159 11 / 42 particularly at least 80% bio-based.

[0053] The bio-based content level of the compound can be determined by the ASTM D6866 standardized analytical method, using 14C radiocarbon dating. ASTM D6866 distinguishes carbon resulting from bio-based inputs from that derived from fossil-based inputs. Using this standard, a percentage of carbon from renewable sources can be calculated from the total carbon in the sample.

[0054] Alkyd resin may be biodegradable. Preferably, at least 25% of the alkyd resin degrades within a period of 28 days, in accordance with OECD methods 301B and 301F. More preferably, at least 30%. Most preferably, at least 40%.

[0055] Alkyd resin may therefore have the advantage over previous compounds used in this function of being more bio-based, more biodegradable and therefore more sustainable.

[0056] Alkyd resin can be produced by any method known and well within the knowledge of a person versed in the field.

[0057] For example, alkyd resin can be formed using the fatty acid process, in which a diacid, a polyol and a fatty acid are combined and heated together until the product has reached a predetermined level of viscosity.

[0058] The formulation / composition may comprise one or more biologically active ingredients (including plant enhancers, in particular plant protection products (also referred to as PPPs)). Suitable examples of active ingredients, in particular plant enhancers, are fungicidal agents, bacterial agents, insecticidal agents, nematicidal agents, molluscicidal agents, biological products, acaricides or miticides, pesticides and biocides.

[0059] Other possible active ingredients include disinfectants, microorganisms, rodent exterminators, weed exterminators (herbicides), attractants, repellents (from birds), Petition 870250084582, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 21 / 159 12 / 42 plant growth regulators (such as gibberellic acid, auxin or cytokinin), nutrients (such as potassium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, iron chelate), plant hormones, minerals, plant extracts, germination stimulants, pheromones, biological preparations, etc.

[0060] The agrochemical actives for use in the formulations according to the invention are all agrochemically active compounds that can be solid or liquid at room temperature. It is anticipated that the adjuvant of the present invention would have broad applicability to all types of agrochemical actives.

[0061] Agrochemical assets refer to biocides which, in the context of the present invention, are plant protection agents, more particularly, chemical substances capable of exterminating different forms of living organisms used in fields such as medicine, agriculture, forestry and mosquito control. Also considered in the group of biocides are the so-called plant growth regulators.

[0062] The biocides for use in agrochemical formulations of the present invention are typically divided into two subgroups: Pesticides, including fungicides, herbicides, insecticides, algaecides, molluscicides, miticides and rodenticides, and antimicrobials, including germicides, antibiotics, antibacterials, antivirals, antifungals, antiprotozoals and antiparasitics. In particular, biocides selected from insecticides, fungicides or herbicides may be particularly preferable.

[0063] The term pesticide shall be understood as referring to any substance or mixture of substances intended to prevent, destroy, repel or mitigate any pest. A pesticide may be a chemical substance or biological agent (such as a virus or bacteria) used against pests including insects, plant pathogens, seeds, mollusks, birds, mammals, fish, nematodes (roundworms) and microbes that compete with humans for food, destroy property, spread disease or are a nuisance. In the following examples, pesticides suitable for agrochemical compositions according to Petition 870250084582, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, p. 22 / 159 13 / 42 of the present invention are determined.

[0064] A fungicide is a chemical control of fungi. Fungicides are chemical compounds used to prevent the spread of fungi in gardens and crops. Fungicides are also used to combat fungal infections. Fungicides can be contact or systemic. A contact fungicide kills fungi when they come into contact with the fungicide retained on leaf surfaces. A systemic fungicide is absorbed by plant tissues and kills the fungus when it attempts to invade the host.

[0065] Examples of suitable fungicides according to the present invention include the following species: (3-ethoxypropyl)mercury bromide, 2-methoxyethylmercury chloride, 2-phenylphenol, 8-hydroxyquinoline sulfate, 8-phenylmercury oxyquinoline, acibenzolar, acylamino acid fungicides, acipetacs, aldimorph, aliphatic nitrogen fungicides, allyl alcohol, amide fungicides, ampropylphos, anilazine, anilide fungicides, antibiotic fungicides, aromatic fungicides, aureofungin, azaconazole, azithiram, azoxystrobin, barium polysulfite, benalaxyl-M, benodanil, benomyl, benquinox, bentaluron, bentiavalicarb, benzalkonium chloride, benzamacryl, fungicides of benzamide, benzamorph, benzanilide fungicides, benzimidazole fungicides, benzimidazole precursor fungicides, benzimidazolylcarbamate fungicides, benzohydroxamic acid, benzothiazole fungicides, betoxazine, binapacryl, biphenyl, bitertanol, bitionol, blasticidin-S, Bordeaux mixture,boscalid, bridged diphenyl fungicides, bromuconazole, bupyrimate, Burgundy mixture, butiobate, butylamine, calcium polysulfite, Captafol, Captan, carbamate fungicides, carbamorph, carbanylate fungicides, carbendazim, carboxin, carpropamide, carvone, Cheshunt mixture, quinomethionate, clobenthiazone, chloraniforman, chloranil, chlorphenazole, chlorodinitronaphthalene, chloroneb, chloropicrin, chlorothalonil, chlorquinox, clozolinate, ciclopirox, climbazole, clotrimazole, conazole fungicides, conazole fungicides (imidazoles), conazole fungicides (triazoles), copper (II) acetate, copper (II) carbonate, basic, copper fungicides, copper hydroxide, copper naphthenate, copper oleate, copper oxychloride, copper sulfate copper, Petition 870250084582, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 23 / 159 14 / 42 (II), copper sulfate, basic, copper zinc chromate, cresol, cufranebe, cuprobam, cuprous oxide, cyazofamide, cyclafuramide, cyclic dithiocarbamate fungicides, cycloheximide, cyflufenamide, cymoxanil, cipendazole, cyproconazole, cyprodinil, dazomet, DBCP, debacarbe, decafentine, dehydroacetic acid, dicarboximide fungicides, diclofluanide, diclone, dichlorophene, dichlorophenyl, dicarboximide fungicides, diclozoline, diclobutrazol, diclocimet, diclomezine, dichlorane, dietofencarbe, diethyl pyrocarbonate, difenoconazole, diflumetorim, dimethrimol, dimethomorphe, dimoxystrobin, diniconazole, dinitrophenol fungicides, dinobutone, dinocap, dinoctone, dinopentone, dinosulfone, dinoterbone, diphenylamine, dipyrithione, disulfiram, ditalimphos, ditianone, dithiocarbamate fungicides, DNOC, dodemorphe, dodicin, dodine, donatodine, drazoxolone, edifenphos, epoxiconazole, etaconazole, etem, etaboxam, etirimol, ethoxyquin, ethylmercury 2,3-di-hydroxypropyl mercaptide,ethylmercury acetate, ethylmercury bromide, ethylmercury chloride, ethylmercury phosphate, etridiazole, famoxadone, fenamidone, phenaminosulfe, fenapanil, fenarimol, fenbuconazole, fenfuran, fenexamide, fenitropan, fenoxanil, fenpiclonil, fenpropidine, fenpropimorph, fentin, ferbam, ferimzone, fluazinam, fludioxonil, flumetover, fluopicolide, fluoroimide, fluotrimazole, fluoxastrobin, fluquinconazole, flusilazole, flusulfamide, flutolanil, flutriafol, folpet, formaldehyde, fosetyl, fuberidazole, furalaxil, furamethpyr, furamide fungicides, furanilide fungicides, furcarbanil, furconazole, furconazole-cis, furfural, furmeciclox, furophanate, gliodin, griseofulvin, guazatine, halacrinate, hexachlorobenzene, hexachlorobutadiene, hexachlorophene, hexaconazole, hexylthiophos, hydrargaphene, himexazole, imazalil, imibenconazole, imidazole fungicides, iminoctadine, inorganic fungicides, inorganic mercury fungicides, iodomethane, iprobenphos, iprodione, iprovalicarb,isoprothiolan, isovaledione, kasugamycin, cresoxim-methyl, lime sulfur, mancobre, mancozeb, maneb, mebenil, mecarbinzide, mepanipirim, mepronyl, mercuric chloride, mercuric oxide, mercurous chloride, mercury fungicides, metalaxyl, metalaxyl-M, metam, metazoxolone, metconazole, metasulfocarb, metfuroxam, bromide of, Petition 870250084582, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 24 / 159 15 / 42 methyl, methyl isothiocyanate, methylmercury benzoate, methylmercury dicyandiamide, methylmercury pentachlorophenoxide, metiram, metominostrobin, metrafenone, metsulfovax, milneb, morpholine fungicides, myclobutanil, myclozolin, N-(ethylmercury)-p-toluenesulfonanilide, nabam, natamycin, nitrostyrene, nitrotal-isopropyl, nuarimol, OCH, octilinone, ofurace, organomercury fungicides, organophosphorus fungicides, organotin fungicides, orisastrobin, oxadixil, oxatin fungicides, oxazole fungicides, copper oxin, oxpoconazole, oxycarboxin, perfurazoate, penconazole, pencicurone, pentachlorophenol, penthiopyrad, phenylmercuriourea, phenylmercury acetate, phenylmercury chloride, pyrocatechol phenylmercury derivative, phenylmercury nitrate, phenylmercury salicylate, phenylsulfamide fungicides, phosdifen, phthalide, phthalimide fungicides, picoxystrobin, piperaline, polycarbamate, polymeric dithiocarbamate fungicides, polyoxins,Polioxorim, polysulfite fungicides, potassium azide, potassium polysulfite, potassium thiocyanate, probenazole, prochloraz, procymidone, propamocarbe, propiconazole, propineb, proquinazide, prothiocarbe, prothioconazole, pyracarbolide, pyraclostrobin, pyrazole fungicides, pyrazophos, pyridine fungicides, pyridinitrile, pyrifenox, pyrimethanil, pyrimidine fungicides, pyroquilone, pyroxychlor, pyroxyfir, pyrrole fungicides, quinacetol, quinazamide, quinconazole, quinoline fungicides, quinone fungicides, quinoxaline fungicides, quinoxyfen, quintozene, rabenzazole, salicylanilide, siltiopham, simeconazole, azide sodium, sodium orthophenylphenoxide, sodium pentachlorophenoxide, sodium polysulfite, spiroxamine, streptomycin, strobilurin fungicides, sulfonanilide fungicides, enxofre, sultropene, TCMTB, tebuconazole, teclophthalam, tecnazene, tecoram, tetraconazole, thiabendazole, thiadifluor, thiazole fungicides, thiophene, tiphluzamide, thiocarbamate fungicides,thiochlorfenfin, thiomersal, thiophanate, thiophanate-methyl, thiophene fungicides, thioquinox, thiram, thiadinil, thioximide, tivedo, tolclofos-methyl, tolnaftate, tolylfluanide, tolylmercury acetate, triadimephone, triadimenol, triamiphos, triarimol, triazbutyl, triazine fungicides, triazole fungicides, triazoxide, tributyltin oxide, triclamide, tricyclazole, trifloxystrobin, triflumizole, triforin, Petition 870250084582, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 25 / 159 16 / 42 triticonazole, unclassified fungicides, undecylenic acid, uniconazole, urea fungicides, validamycin, valinamide fungicides, vinclozolin, zarilamide, zinc naphthenate, zineb, ziram, zoxamide and mixtures thereof.

[0066] A herbicide is a pesticide used to exterminate unwanted plants. Selective herbicides exterminate specific targets while keeping the desired crop relatively unharmed. Some of these act by interfering with weed growth and are often based on plant hormones. Herbicides used to clear landfills are non-selective and exterminate all plant material they come into contact with. Herbicides are widely used in agriculture and in landscape lawn management. They are applied in total vegetation control (TVC) programs for highway and railway maintenance.Smaller quantities are used in forestry, grazing systems, and the management of areas reserved as habitat for wildlife.

[0067] Examples of herbicides that may be employed in the present disclosure include, but are not limited to: 4-CPA, 4-CPB, 4-CPP, 2,4-D, 3,4-DA, 2,4-DB, 3,4-DB, 2,4-DEB, 2,4-DEP, 3,4-DP, 2,3,6-TBA, 2,4,5-T, 2,4,5-TB, acetochlor, acifluorfen, aclonifen, acrolein, alachlor, alidochlor, aloxidim, allyl alcohol, alorac, ametridione, ametryn, amibuzin, amicarbazone, amidosulfurone, aminocyclopyrachlor, aminopyralide, amiprofos-methyl, amitrol, ammonium sulfamate, anilophos, anisurone, asulam, atratone, atrazine, azafenidine, azimsulfuron, aziprothrin, barbano, BCPC, beflubutamide, benazoline, bencarbazone, benfluralin, benfuresate, bensulfurone, bensulide, bentazone, benzadoxy, benzfendizone, benzipram, benzobicyclone, benzofenape, benzofiuor, benzoylprope, benzthiazuron, biciclopyrone, biphenoxy, bilanafos, bispiribac, borax, bromacil, bromobonil, bromobutide, bromophenoxim, bromoxynil, brompyrazone, butachlor, butafenacil, butamiphos, butenachlor, butidazole, butyurone, butraline,butroxidim, buturona, butylate, cacodylic acid, cafenstrol, calcium chlorate, calcium cyanamide, cambedichlor, carbasulam, carbetamide, carboxazole chloroprocarb, carfentrazone, CDEA, CEPC, Petition 870250084582, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 26 / 159 17 / 42 chlormethoxifeno, chlorambeno, chloranocril, chlorazifope, chlorazine, chlorbromurona, chlorbufam, chloreturona, chlorfenaco, chlorfenprope, chlorflurazol, chlorflurenol, chloridazona, chlorimurona, chlornitrofeno, chloropona, chlorotolurona, chloroxurona, chloroxinil, chlorprofam, chlorsulfuron, chlortal, cinidon-ethyla, cynmethyline, cynosulfuron, cisanilida, clethodim, cliodinate, clodinafope, clofope, clomazona, clomeprope, cloprope, cloproxidim, clopyralida, chloransulam, CMA, sulfato de cobre, CPMF, CPPC, credazine, cresol, cumylurona, cyanathrin, cyanazine, cycloate, cyclosulfamoron, cycloxidim, cyclorona, ci-halofope, ciperquat, ciprazine, ciprazol, cipromida, daimurona, dalapona, dazomete, delacloro, desmedifam, desmethrin, dialate, dicamba, diclobenil, dichloralureia, dicloiTnate, dichlorprope, dichlorprope-P, diclofope, diclosulam, dietamquat, dietatil, difenopenteno, difenoxurona, difenzoquato, diflufenicano, diflufenzopyr, dimefurona, dimepiperate, dimetachloro, dimetamethrin, dimethenamida,dimethenamida-P, dimexane, dimidazona, dinitramine, dinofenate, dinoprope, dinosam, dinosebe, dinoterbe, difenamida, dipropetrina, diquat, disul, ditiopir, diurona, DMPA, DNOC, DSMA, EBEP, eglinazine, epronaz, EPTC, erbona, esprocarbe etalfluralina, etametsulfuron, etidimuron, etiolate, etofumesate, etoxifeno, etoxissulfuron, etinofeno, etnipromida, etobenzanida, EXD, fenasulam, fenoprope, fenoxaprope, fenoxaprope-P, fenoxasulfona, fenteracol, fentiaprope, fentrazamida, fenurona, ferrous sulfate, flamprope, flamprope-M, flazassulfurona, florasulam, fluazifope, fluazifope-P, fluazolate, flucarbazona, flucetossulfurona, fluchloralin, flufenacet, flufenicane, flufenpir, flumetsulam, flumezine, flumiclorac, flumioxazine, flumipropine, fluometurona, fluorodiphen, fluoroglycophen, fluoromidine, fluoronitrophen, fluothiurona, flupoxam, flupropacil, flupropanate, flupirsulfurona, fluridona, fluorochloridona, fluoroxipir, flurtamona, flutiacet, fomesafeno, foransulfurona, phosamine,furiloxifene, glufosinate, glufosinate-P, glyphosate, halosafeno, halosulfurona, haloxidina, haloxifop, haloxifop-P, hexachloroacetone, hexaflurate, hexazinona, imazametabenz, imazamoxi, imazapic, imazapyr, imazaquina, imazetapyr, imazosulfurona, indanophane, indazifiam, iodobonil, iodomethane, iodosulfurona, ioxinil, ipazine, Petition 870250084582, 19 / 09 / 2025, pág. 27 / 159 18 / 42 ipfencarbazona, iprimidam, isocarbamida, isocyl, isomethiozina, isonorurone, isopolinate, isopropalin, isoproturona, isourona, isoxabeno, isoxachlortol, isoxaflutol, isoxapyrifope, carbutilate, cetospiradoxi, lactofeno, linurona, MAA, MAMA, MCPA, MCPA-thioethyl, MCPB, mecoprope, mecoprope-P, medinoterbe, mefenacet, mefluididae, mesoprazine, mesosulfurona, mesotriona, metam, metamifope, metamitrona, metazacloro, metazossulfurona, metflurazona, metabenzthiazurona, metalpropalin, metazol, methiobencarbe, methiozoline, methiurona, metomethona, metoprotin, methyl brometh, methyl isothiocyanate, methyldinrona, methobenzurona, methobromurone, metolachlor, metosulam, methoxurona, metribuzin, methsulfurona, molinate, monalida, monisourona, monochloroacetic acid, monolinurona, monurona, morphamquat, MSMA, naproanilida, napropamida, naptalam, neburona, nicossulfurona, nipiraclofeno, nitraline, nitrofeno, nitrofluorfeno, norflurazona, norurona, OCH, orbencarbe, orthodichlorobenzene,orthosulfamurone, oryzalin, oxadiargil, oxadiazone, oxapyrazone, oxasulfuron, oxaziclomefon, oxyfluorfen, parafluorone, paraquat, pebulate, pelargonic acid, pendimethalin, penoxsulam, pentachlorophenol, pentanochlor, pentoxazone, perfluidone, petoxamide, fenisofam, fenemedifam, fenemedifam-ethyl, phenobenzuron, phenylmercury acetate, picloram, picolinafen, pinoxadene, piperophos, potassium arsenite, potassium azide, potassium cyanate, pretylachlor, primisulfuron, prociazine, prodiamine, profluazole, profluralin, profoxidim, proglinazine, promethone, promethrine, propachlor, propanil, propaquizafop, propazine, profam, propisochlor, propoxycarbazone, propyrisulfuron, propyzamide, prosulfalin, prosulfocarb, prosulfuron, proxane, prinachlor, pidanone, pyraclonil, pyraflufen, pyrasulfotol, pyrazolinate, pyrazosulfuron, pyrazoxifene, pyribenzoxim, pyributicarb, pyrichlor, pyridafol, pyridate, pyrifthalide, piriminobac, pyrimisulfan, pyritiobac, pyroxasulfone,piroxsulam, quinclorac, quinmerac, quinoclamine, quinonamide, quizalofop, quizalofop-P, rodetanil, rinsulfurone, saflufenacil, S-metolachlor, sebutylazine, secbumetone, sethoxydim, sidurone, simazine, simetone, simethine, SMA, sodium arsenite, sodium azide, chlorate, Petition 870250084582, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 28 / 159 19 / 42 sodium, sulcotrione, sulfate, sulfentrazone, sulfometurone, sulfosulfuron, sulfuric acid, sulglicapine, swep, TCA, tebutam, tebuthiurone, tefuryltrione, tembotrione, tepraloxidim, terbacil, terbucarb, terbuchlor, terbumetone, terbuthylazine, terbutrine, tetrafluorone, tenylchlor, thiazafluorone, thiazopyr, thidiazimine, thidiazurone, thiencarbazone-methyl, thifensulfuron, thiobencarb, thiocarbazil, thiochlorim, topramezone, tralkoxydim, triallate, triasulfuron, triaziflam, tribenurone, tricamba, triclopyr, tridiphane, triethazine, trifloxysulfuron, trifluralin, triflusulfuron, trifope, Tryphopsim, trihydroxytriazine, trimethurone, tripropindan, tritac tritosulfurone, vermolate, xylachlor and mixtures thereof. Plant protection agents are active ingredients applied with herbicides to protect crops against damage.Some of the phytoprotective agents that may be employed in the present disclosure include, but are not limited to: benoxacor, bentiocarb, brassinolide, cloquintocet (mexil), ciometrinil, daimurone, dichlormide, dicyclonone, dimepiperate, disulfotone, fenchlorazole-ethyl, fenclorim, flurazole, fluxofenim, furilazole, isoxadifen-ethyl, mefenpyr-diethyl, MG 191, MON 4660, naphthalic anhydride (NA), oxabetrinil, R29148, N-phenylsulfonylbenzoic acid amides and mixtures thereof.

[0068] Suitable herbicides may be selected from the group comprising: aryloxycarboxylic acid, for example, MCPA, aryloxyphenoxypropionates, for example, clodinafop, cyclohexanedione oximes, for example, sethoxydim, hydroxybenzonitriles, for example, bromoxynil, sulfonylureas, for example, nicosulfurone, triazolopyrimidines, for example, penoxsulam, tricethiones, for example, mesotriones, triazine herbicides such as metribuzin, hexaxinone or atrazine; sulfonylurea herbicides such as chlorsulfurone; uracils, bromacil or terbacyl; urea herbicides such as linurone, diurone, sidurone or neburone; acetanilide herbicides such as alachlor or metolachlor; Thiocarbamate herbicides such as bentiocarb, trialate; oxadiazolone herbicides such as oxadiazone; isoxazolidone herbicides, phenoxyacetic acids; diphenyl ether herbicides such as fluazifop, acifluorfen, bifenox or oxyfluorfen; dinitroaniline herbicides such as trifluralin; herbicides Petition 870250084582, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 29 / 159 20 / 42 of organophosphonates such as glufosinate salts and esters and glyphosate salts and esters; and / or dihalobenzonitrile herbicides such as bromoxynil or ioxynil, benzoic acid herbicides, dipyridyl herbicides such as paraquat; and other herbicides such as clomazone, carfentrazone, saflufenacil and pyroxasulfone.

[0069] An insecticide is a pesticide used against insects in all stages of development, and includes ovicides and larvicides used against insect eggs and larvae. Insecticides are used in agriculture, medicine, industry, and in domestic settings.

[0070] Examples of insecticides that may be employed in the present disclosure include, but are not limited to: 1,2-dichloropropane, abamectin, acephate, acetamiprid, acetone, acetoprol, acrinathrin, acrylonitrile, alanicarb, aldicarb, aldoxicarb, aldrin, allethrin, alosamidine, allylxicarb, alpha-cypermethrin, alpha-ecdysone, alpha-endosulfan, amidithin, aminocarb, amitone, amitone oxalate, amitraz, anabasin, atidathion, azadirachtin, azamethiphos, azinphos-ethyl, azinphos-methyl, azotoate, barium hexafluorosilicate, barthrin, bendiocarb, benfuracarb, bensultap, beta-cyfluthrin, beta-cypermethrin, bifenthrin, bioalethrin, bioethanolethrin, biopermethrin, bistrifluorone, borax, boric acid, bromfenvinphos, bromo-DDT, bromophos, bromophos-ethyl, bufencarb, buprofezin, butacarb, butathiophos, butocarboxim, butonate, butoxycarboxim, cadusaphos, calcium arsenate, calcium polysulfide, camphor, carbanolate, carbaryl, carbofuran, carbon disulfide, carbon tetrachloridecarbofenothione, carbosulfan, cartap, cartap hydrochloride, chlorantraniliprole, chlorbicyclone, chlordane, chlordecone, chlordimeform, chlordimeform hydrochloride, chlorethoxyphos, chlorfenapyr, chlorfenvinphos, chlorfluazurone, chlormephos, chloroform, chloropicrin, chlorfoxim, chlorprazophos, chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos-methyl, chlorthiophos, chiOmafenozide, cinerin I, cinerin II, cinerins, cismethrin, cloetocarb, closantel, clothianidin, copper acetoarsenite, copper arsenate, copper naphthenate, copper oleate, coumaphos, coumitoate, crotamitone, crotoxyphos, crufomate, cryolite, cyanofenphos, cyanophos, cyantoate, cyantraniliprole, cyclethrin, cycloprothrin, cyfluthrin, cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, cyphenothrin, cyromazine, cythioate, Petition 870250084582, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 30 / 159 21 / 42 DDT, descarbofuran, deltamethrin, demefione, demefione O, demefione S, demefione, demefione-methyl, demefione-O, demefione-O-methyl, demefione-S, demefione-S-methyl, demethone-S-methylsulfone, diafenthiurone, dialifos, diatomaceous earth, diazinon, dicaptone, diclofenthione, dichlorvos, dicresyl, dicrotophos, dicyclanil, dieldrin, diflubenzurone, dilor, dimefluthrin, dimefoxi, dimethane, dimethoate, dimethrin, dimethylvinphos, dimethylane, dinex, dinex-diclexin, dinoprope, dinosam, dinotefuran, diophenolane, dioxabenzophos, dioxacarb, dioxathione, disulfotone, diticrophos, d-limonene, DNOC, DNOC-ammonium, DNOC-potassium, DNOC-sodium, doramectin, ecdysterone, emamectin, emamectin benzoate, EMPC, empenfrine, endosulfan, endothione, endrin, EPN, epofenonane, eprinomectin, esdepalletrin, esfenvalerate, etafos, etiofencarb, ethione, etioprol, methyl ethoate, etoprofos, ethyl formate, ethyl-DDD, ethylene dibromide, ethylene dichloride, ethylene oxide, etofenproxi, etrimphos, EXD,fanfur, fenamifós, fenazaflor, fenclorfós, fenetacarbe, fenfluthrin, fenitrothiona, fenobucarbe, fenoxacrim, fenoxicarbe, fenpiritrin, fenepropathrin, fensulfothiona, fenthiona, fenthiona-ethyl, fenvalerate, fipronil, flonicamide, flubendiamide, flucofurone, flucicloxurone, flucitrinate, flufenerim, flufenoxurone, flufenproxi, fluvalinate, fonofos, formetanate, formetanate hydrochloride, formotiona, fomiparanate, fomiparanate hydrochloride, fosmethylane, fospirate, fostietanon, fufenozide, furatiocarb, furethrin, gamma-cy-halothrin, gamma-HCH, halfenproxi, halofenozide, HCH, HEOD, heptachlor, heptenofos, heterophos, hexaflumurone, HHDN, hydramethylnon, hydrogen cyanide, hydroprene, hiquincarb, imidacloprid, imiprothrin, indoxacarb, iodomethane, IPSP, isazophos, isobenzane, isocarbophos, isodrine, isofenphos, isofenfosmethyl, isoprocarb, isoprothiolane, isothioate, isoxathione, ivermectin, jasmolin I, jasmolin II, jodfenphos, juvenile hormone I, juvenile hormone II, juvenile hormone III,quelevane, quinoprene, lambda-cyhalothrin, lead arsenate, lepimectin, leptofos, lindane, lirimphos, lufenurone, lithidathione, malathione, malonobene, mazidoxine, mecarban, mecarphone, menazone, meperfluthrin, mephospholane, mercury chloride, mesulfenphos, metaflumizone, metacriphos, methamidophos, methidathione Petition 870250084582, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 31 / 159 22 / 42 methiocarb, metocrotophos, methomyl, methotrin, methoxychlor, methoxyfenozide, methyl bromide, methyl isothiocyanate, methylchloroform, methylene chloride, metofluthrin, metolcarb, methoxadizone, mevinphos, mexacarbate, milbemectin, milbemycin oxime, mipafoxi, mirex, molosultape, monocrotophos, monome-hypo, monosultape, morphothion, moxidectin, naphthalophos, naled, naphthalene, nicotine, nifluridide, nitenpyram, nitiazine, nitrilacarb, novaluron, noviflumurone, omethoate, oxamyl, oxidemeton-methyl, oxideprophos, oxydisulfotone, paradichlorobenzene, parathion, parathion-methyl, penfluorone, pentachlorophenol, permethrin, fenkaptone, phenothrin, phentoate, phorate, phosalone, phospholane, phosmet, phosnichlore, phosphamidone, phosphine, foxim, foxim-methyl, pirimetaphos, pirimicarb, pirimiphos-ethyl, pirimiphos-methyl, potassium arsenite, potassium thiocyanate, pp'DDT, prallethrin, precocene I, precocene II, precocene III, primidophos, profenofos, profluralin, profluthrin, promacil, promecarb,propafós, propetamfós, propoxur, protidathiona, protiofós, protoato, protrifenbute, pimetrozina, piraclofós, pirafluprol, pirazofós, piresmetrina, pirethrina I, pirethrina II, pirethrins, piridabeno, piridalil, piridafenthiona, pirifluquinazone, pirimidifeno, pirimitato, piriprol, piriproxifeno, quassia, quinalfos, quinalfos-methyl, quinothiona, rafoxanide, resmethrin, rotenone, riania, sabadila, chradana, selamectin, silafluofeno, silica gel, sodium arsenite, sodium fluoride, sodium hexafluorosilicate, sodium thiocyanate, sofamide, spinetoram, spiromomesifene, spirotetramate, sulcofurone, sulcofurone-sodium, sulfluramide, sulfotepe, sulfoxaflor, sulfuryl fluoride, sulprofos, tau-fluvalinate, tazimcarb, TDE, tebufenozide, tebufenpyrad, tebupirimphos, teflubenzuron, tefluthrin, temephos, TEPP, teralethrin, terbufos, tetrachloroethane, tetrachlorvinphos, tetramethrin, tetramethylfluthrin, teta-cypei-methiine, thiacloprid, thiamethoxam, ticrofos, thiocarboxymine, thiocyclamthiocyclam oxalate, thiodicarb, thiofanoxy, thiomethone, thiossultap, disodium thiossultap, monosodium thiossultap, thuringiensin, tolfenpyrad, tralomethrin, transfluthrin, transpermethrin, triaratene, triazamate, triazophos, trichlorphone, trichlormetaphos-3, trichloronate, trifenofos, triflumurone, trimetacarb, triprene, vamidothion, vaniliprole, XMC, xylylcarb, zeta-cypermethrin, zolaprofos and mixtures thereof. Petition 870250084582, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 32 / 159 23 / 42

[0071] Miticides are pesticides that exterminate mites. Antibiotic miticides, carbamate miticides, formamidine miticides, mite growth regulators, organochlorines, permethrin, and organophosphate miticides all belong to this category. Molluscicides are pesticides used to control molluscs, such as slugs and snails. These substances include metaldehyde, methiocarb, and aluminum sulfate. A nematicide is a type of chemical pesticide used to exterminate parasitic nematodes (a phylum of earthworms).

[0072] Biological products, which will be understood as products derived from living organisms such as bacteria or fungi, may also be used.

[0073] Preferably, the active ingredient in the agrochemical formulation of the present invention may be selected from carbamate, carboxamide, chloronityl, copper compounds, strobilurin, triazole, phosphoramidate, cyanoimidamide, nitroguanidine, organophosphate, pyrethroid, chloroacetamide, phenyl ether, sulfonylurea and triazine.

[0074] The formulation may comprise at least one nutrient. Nutrients refer to chemical elements and compounds that are desired or necessary to promote or enhance plant growth. Nutrients are generally described as macronutrients or micronutrients. Suitable nutrients for use in concentrates according to the invention are micronutrient compounds, preferably those that are solid at room temperature or are partially soluble.

[0075] Nutrients may be present in addition to or as an alternative to agrochemical actives. In such formulations / compositions, the nutrient is typically in a dry form.

[0076] The nutrients may preferably be solid-phase nutrients. Solid nutrients in the present invention are understood to be substances whose melting point is above 20 °C (at standard pressure). Solid nutrients will also include insoluble active ingredients, i.e., Petition 870250084582, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, p. 33 / 159 24 / 42 nutrient ingredients whose solubility in water is such that a significant solid content exists in the concentrate after addition.

[0077] Micronutrients typically refer to trace metals or trace elements, and are often applied in lower doses. Suitable micronutrients include trace elements selected from zinc, boron, chlorine, copper, iron, molybdenum, and manganese. It is anticipated that the rain resistance agent of the present invention would have broad applicability to all types of micronutrients.

[0078] Micronutrients may be in a soluble form or included as insoluble solids, and may be in the form of salts or chelates. Preferably, the micronutrient is in the form of a carbonate or oxide.

[0079] Preferably, the micronutrient may be selected from zinc, calcium, molybdenum or manganese or magnesium. Micronutrients particularly preferred for use with the present invention may be selected from zinc oxide, manganese carbonate, manganese oxide or calcium carbonate.

[0080] The amount of micronutrient in the concentrate, if present, can typically be in the range of 5% by weight to 40% by weight, more usually 10% by weight to 35% by weight, particularly 15% by weight to 30% by weight, based on the weight in the total concentrate.

[0081] Typically, when mixed into formulations during constitution, the average particle size of solid agrochemicals is 50 µm to 100 µm, but the formulations are typically wet milled after mixing to reduce the average particle size to 1 µm to 10 µm, more preferably 1 µm to 5 µm.

[0082] The formulations of the present invention may also comprise at least one macronutrient. Macronutrients typically refer to those comprising nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, and include fertilizers such as ammonium sulfate and water conditioning agents. Suitable macronutrients include fertilizers and other compounds containing Petition 870250084582, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 34 / 159 25 / 42 nitrogen, phosphorus or sulfur, and water conditioning agents.

[0083] Suitable fertilizers include inorganic fertilizers that provide nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, or sulfur. Examples of such fertilizers include:

[0084] for nitrogen as the nutrient: nitrates and / or ammonium salts, such as ammonium nitrate, including in combination with urea, for example, as uranium-type materials, ammonium and calcium nitrate, ammonium sulfate nitrate, ammonium phosphates, particularly monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate and ammonium polysulfate, ammonium sulfate, and the less commonly used calcium nitrate, sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate and ammonium chloride;

[0085] for phosphorus as the nutrient: acidic forms of phosphorus such as phosphoric, pyrophosphoric or polyphosphoric acids, but more usually salt forms such as ammonium phosphates, particularly monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate and ammonium polyphosphate, potassium phosphates, particularly potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium polyphosphate;

[0086] for sulfur as the nutrient: ammonium sulfate and potassium sulfate, for example, the sulfate mixed with magnesium.

[0087] Biostimulants can improve metabolic or physiological processes, such as respiration, photosynthesis, nucleic acid absorption, ion absorption, nutrient delivery, or a combination thereof. Non-limiting examples of biostimulants include seaweed extracts, humic acids (e.g., potassium humate), fulvic acids, myo-inositol, glycine, jasmonic acid, benzoic acid, diphenyl urea, and combinations thereof.

[0088] Agrochemically active compounds, including insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides, require a formulation that allows the active compounds to be absorbed by the plant / target organisms or remain on the target surface.

[0089] The term agrochemical formulation as used in this document refers to compositions, including compositions that include a product Petition 870250084582, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 35 / 159 26 / 42 active agrochemical, and it is intended to include all forms of compositions, including concentrates and spray formulations. Unless specifically stated, the agrochemical formulation of the present invention may be in the form of a concentrate, a diluted concentrate, or a sprayable formulation.

[0090] The rain resistance agent of the present invention can be combined with other components in order to form an agrochemical formulation comprising at least one active agrochemical and / or nutrient and / or biostimulant.

[0091] Agrochemical concentrates are agrochemical compositions that may be aqueous or non-aqueous, and which are designed to be diluted with water (or in a water-based liquid) to form the corresponding spray formulations. These compositions include those in liquid form (such as solutions, emulsions or dispersions) and in solid form (especially in water-dispersible solid form) such as granules or powders.

[0092] Consequently, the active agrochemical compounds can be formulated as an emulsifiable concentrate (EC), emulsion in water (EW), suspension concentrate (SC), soluble liquid (SL), as an oil-based suspension concentrate (OD), microemulsions (ME) and / or suspoemulsions (SE).

[0093] It is anticipated that the rain resistance agent of the present invention will particularly find use in water-based systems, such as SC formulations.

[0094] Alkyd resin emulsion can be used as an embedded component or it can be used as a tank mix.

[0095] Aqueous agrochemical concentrates are agrochemical compositions designed to be diluted with water (or a water-based liquid) to form the corresponding spray formulations.

[0096] Spray formulations are aqueous agrochemical formulations that include all the components that are to be applied to plants or their environment. Spray formulations can be made by dilution Petition 870250084582, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 36 / 159 27 / 42 simple concentrates containing desired components (in addition to water).

[0097] The rain-resistant agent can be incorporated into the formulation of the active agrochemical compound (canned / packaged formulation).

[0098] According to customer requirements, the concentrates thus formed may typically comprise up to 95% by weight of agrochemical actives. Said concentrates may be diluted for use resulting in a diluted composition having an active agrochemical concentration of about 0.5% by weight to about 1% by weight. In said diluted composition (for example, a spray formulation, where a spray application rate may be from 10 to 500 l.ha-1), the concentration of active agrochemical may be in the range of about 0.001% by weight to about 1% by weight of the total formulation as sprayed.

[0099] In agrochemical formulation concentrates, the proportion of the rain-resistant agent will depend on the solubility of the components in the liquid carrier. Typically, the concentration of the rain-resistant agent in such a concentrate will be from 1% by weight to 20% by weight. Preferably, from 1.5% by weight to 13% by weight. More preferably, from 2% by weight to 10% by weight.

[0100] The weight ratio between the rain-resistant agent and the active agrochemical in the concentrate and in the diluted concentrate agrochemical formulation is preferably from about 0.05:1 to about 0.2:1. More preferably, from about 0.7:1 to about 0.15:1. This ratio range will generally be maintained for concentrated formulations and in spray formulations.

[0101] When concentrates (solid or liquid) are used as the source of the active agrochemical and / or rain resistance agent, the concentrates will typically be diluted to form spray formulations. The dilution can be from 1 to 10000, particularly 10 to 1000, times the total weight of the concentrate in water to form the spray formulation.

[0102] When the agrochemical active ingredient is present in the end-use aqueous formulation as solid particles, it will most usually be present as particles consisting primarily of the active agrochemical agent. However, if desired, Petition 870250084582, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 37 / 159 28 / 42 The active agrochemical agent can be supported on a solid carrier, for example, silica or diatomaceous earth, which can be a solid support material, filler or diluent as mentioned above.

[0103] Spray formulations will typically have a pH in the range of moderately acidic (e.g., about 3) to moderately alkaline (e.g., about 10) and particularly near neutral (e.g., about 5 to 8). More concentrated formulations will have similar degrees of acidity / alkalinity, but since they may be largely non-aqueous, pH is not necessarily an appropriate measure of this.

[0104] The formulation may also comprise additional components selected from pigments, dyes, bulking agents and combinations thereof.

[0105] The agrochemical formulation may also include other components as desired. These other components may be selected from those that include: Additional binders, particularly binders that are readily soluble in water to produce low-viscosity solutions at high binder concentrations, such as polyvinylpyrrolidone; polyvinyl alcohol; carboxymethyl cellulose; gum arabic; sugars, for example, sucrose or sorbitol; starch; ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, sucrose and alginates; solvents (besides water), such as monopropylene glycol or oils, which may be vegetable or mineral oils, such as spray oils (oils included in spray formulations as non-surfactant adjuvants). Such solvents may be included as a solvent for the rain-resistant agent and / or as a wetting agent, for example, especially propylene glycol. When used, such solvents will typically be included in an amount of 5% by weight to 500% by weight, desirably 10% by weight to 100% by weight, of the rain-resistant agent. Petition 870250084582, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 38 / 159 29 / 42 diluents, absorbents or carriers, such as carbon black; talc; diatomaceous earth; kaolin; aluminum, calcium or magnesium stearate; sodium tripolyphosphate; sodium tetraborate; sodium sulfate; mixed sodium, aluminum and sodium and aluminum silicates; and sodium benzoate, disintegrating agents, such as surfactants, materials that swell in water, for example, carboxymethylcellulose, collodion, polyvinylpyrrolidone and microcrystalline cellulose swelling agents; salts such as sodium or potassium acetate, sodium carbonate, bicarbonate or sesquicarbonate, ammonium sulfate and dipotassium hydrogen phosphate; wetting agents, such as ethoxylated alcohol and ethoxylated / propoxylated alcohol wetting agents; Dispersants, such as sulfonated naphthalene formaldehyde condensates and acrylic copolymers, such as comb copolymer, which have polyethylene glycol side chains terminated in a polyacrylic back chain; Emulsifiers such as alcohol ethoxylates, ABA block copolymers, or castor oil ethoxylates; Antifoaming agents, for example, polysiloxane antifoaming agents, typically in amounts of 0.005% by weight to 10% by weight of the formulation; Viscosity modifiers, such as commercially available water-soluble or water-miscible gums, for example, xanthan gum, and / or cellulosic agents, for example, carboxymethyl, ethyl or propylcellulose; and / or preservatives and / or antimicrobial agents, such as organic acids, or their esters or salts such as ascorbic acids, for example, ascorbyl palmitate, sorbic acids, for example, potassium sorbate, benzoic acids, for example, benzoic acid and methyl and propyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, propionic acids, for example, sodium propionate, phenol, for example, sodium 2-phenylphenate; 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one; or formaldehyde as such or as paraformaldehyde; or inorganic materials such as sulfurous acid. Petition 870250084582, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 39 / 159 30 / 42 and its salts, typically in amounts of 0.01% by weight to 1% by weight of the formulation.

[0106] The agrochemical formulation, according to the present invention, may also contain components, such as surfactants that form part of the emulsifying system. Said surfactants may include surfactant dispersants.

[0107] Adjuvants may be included in the compositions and formulations and used in this invention.

[0108] The invention further includes a method of treating plants using formulations of the first aspect.

[0109] Consequently, the invention additionally includes methods of use including: a method of exterminating or inhibiting vegetation by applying to the vegetation or the immediate environment of the vegetation, for example, to the soil around the vegetation, a spray formulation including at least one alkyd resin of the first aspect; and / or a method of exterminating or inhibiting plant pests by applying to the plants or the immediate environment of the plants, for example, to the soil around the plants, spray formulations including at least the agrochemical active ingredient which is one or more pesticides, for example, insecticides, fungicides or acaricides, and the alkyd resin of the first aspect.

[0110] As used in this document, the term “rain resistance” refers to the degree to which agrochemical actives and / or nutrients can remain on a treated surface (such as a leaf) after rain or irrigation. Therefore, in relation to the present invention, rain resistance is thus defined as the percentage of active ingredient, nutrient or biostimulant that remains on the crop after rain or irrigation. The absolute degree of rain resistance of pesticides is highly variable and depends on the physicochemical properties of the active ingredient and / or nutrient.

[0111] Preferably, the rain-resistant agent of the present invention Petition 870250084582, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 40 / 159 31 / 42 may find use as the sole component or primary rain resistance working agent when formulated directly into agrochemical formulations.

[0112] The rain resistance agents of the present invention can provide a reduction in removal compared with a formulation that does not comprise alkyd resin of more than 20%, preferably more than 40%, most preferably more than 50%.

[0113] Rain resistance, values ​​and changes are measured using techniques and methods as described in more detail in this document.

[0114] It will be observed that the dispersion in the agrochemical formulation comprises particles of solids with low solubility in water and, therefore, the size and distribution of the particles are a factor that reflects the stability of the dispersion. It is important that there is a homogeneous distribution of particles to ensure the stability of the dispersion over a longer period. It is important that any added components do not lead to the clumping of particles or cause phase separation. Therefore, a dispersion with stable particle size, homogeneous particle distribution, and limited particle size growth over time will likely be a more stable dispersion.

[0115] In the form of a particle size distribution, the particles will have a volume-average particle diameter value. It will be understood that the volume-average particle diameter refers to the equivalent spherical diameter corresponding to the point in the distribution that divides the population exactly into two equal halves. This is the point that corresponds to 50% of the volume of all particles, read from the cumulative distribution curve in relation to the percentage by volume with respect to particle diameter, that is, 50% of the distribution is above this value and 50% is below. This value is referred to as the value of “D(v,0,5)” and is determined as described in this document. Additionally, the values ​​of “D(v,0,9)” can also be referred to, and these values ​​would be the equivalent spherical diameter. Petition 870250084582, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 41 / 159 32 / 42 corresponds to 90% of the volume of all particles, read from the cumulative distribution curve in relation to the percentage by volume with the particle diameter; that is, they are the points where 10% of the distribution is above this value and 90% is below the value, respectively.

[0116] The particle size values, used to determine the D(v,0,9) values, are measured using techniques and methods, as described in more detail in this document.

[0117] It is generally known that particle sizes from 200 to 18000 nm are preferred in order to obtain a stable dispersion that has the desired properties.

[0118] The particles present in the emulsion of the present invention may have a D(v,0,9) value in the range of 100 nm to 4000 nm. Preferably, in the range of 150 nm to 3500 nm. More preferably, in the range of 200 nm to 3000 nm.

[0119] The particles present in the active ingredient dispersion formulation of the present invention may have a D(v,0,9) value in the range of 0.5 pm to 40 μm. Preferably, in the range of 0.5 μm to 20 μm. More preferably, in the range of 1 μm to 5 μm.

[0120] All features described in this document can be combined with any of the aspects above, in any combination. Examples

[0121] In order that the present invention may be more readily understood, reference will now be made, by way of example, to the following description.

[0122] It will be understood that all listed tests and physical properties were determined at atmospheric pressure and ambient temperature (i.e., 25 °C), unless otherwise stated in this document, or unless otherwise stated in the cited test methods and procedures.

[0123] The following test methods were used to determine the performance of the adjuvant compositions. Rain resistance - A microscope slide was coated Petition 870250084582, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 42 / 159 33 / 42 with a thin layer of PTFE foil. To this, a 5 μL droplet of the different formulations diluted to 1% in deionized water was applied with a micropipette and left to dry for 1 to 12 hours depending on the active ingredient. The slide was placed at a 45° angle, and each deposit was imaged using a handheld microscope and then subjected to a stream of deionized water using a peristaltic pump for a total of 5 minutes. A live image was recorded every 10 seconds during the washing process using the handheld microscope. The amount of active ingredient removed was evaluated using imaging software. Thirty-six replicates were measured, and the average value of the replicates was recorded, with results obtained in terms of percentage of removal. Molecular weight - This was determined using the GPC method with an Agilent 1260 Infinity / 1290 Infinity II chromatograph, a 5 μm PL gel column mixed with D, and a refractive index detector. A 1% w / v sample was prepared in tetrahydrofuran solvent and injected at a volume of 50 μl, with a flow rate of 1 cm³ min⁻¹ through the column, which was at a temperature of 40 °C. The analysis time was 30 minutes and area normalization was used. A polystyrene standard (Agilent EasiVial PS-M 2 ml GPC / SEC Calibration Standards; Mp range: 162 to 364,000 Da) was used. Acid Value - A 5 g sample of alkyd resin was precisely weighed (to 0.1 mg) into a 250 cm³ flat-bottomed flask. 10 cm³ of xylene and a quantity of anti-collision granules were added, and the flask was heated until the xylene began to boil and the anti-collision granules moved freely when the flask was rotated. A 50 cm³ portion of industrial denatured alcohol (IDA) was added and heated to brief reflux. 1 cm³ of 1% phenolphthalein in IDA was added, and the acidity was titrated with 0.5 M aqueous sodium hydroxide solution. The acid value was calculated as AV = 56.105 x t / w mg Petition 870250084582, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, p. 43 / 159 34 / 42 of KOH g-1, where x = molarity of NaOH, T = titer (cm3) ew = weight of alkyd resin (g). Percentage of solids - An Ohaus MB120 moisture analyzer was used to evaluate the percentage of solids. Samples were dried to a constant weight, allowing the calculation of the percentage of solids. Particle size values ​​(PSD) D(v,0,9) - Particle size was analyzed by dynamic light scattering using a Malvern Zetasizer that uses a particle refractive index of 1.56. Each sample was evaluated and the average of 55 measurements was recorded, with each measurement lasting 15 seconds.

[0124] The following materials were used in the examples: Soy Fatty Acid - 8 to 12% C16:0, <6% C18:0, 20 to 35% C18:1, 45 to 60% C18:2, 2 to 10% C18:3 Fatty acid from rapeseed top fraction - 6.6% C16:0, 0.4% C16:1, 2.3% C18:0, 32.2% C18:1, 30% C18:2, 16.9% C18:3, 0.5% C20:0, 10.5% C20:1, 0.6% C20:2

[0125] With other polyols, fatty acids and diacids as defined in the relevant tables. Maxemul 7101 - O / W emulsifier based on non-ionic surfactant and dispersant. Maxemul 7201 - anionic oil-soluble surfactant Crodafos C10 / 5A - alkoxylated phosphate ester wetting agent and emulsifier Synperonic PE / L 62 - ethylene oxide / propylene oxide copolymer block surfactant Tween 20 - ethoxylated sorbitan monolaurate non-ionic surfactant Span 20 - low HLB surfactant, sorbitan monolaurate. Synperonic PE / F 127 - polyalkylene oxide block copolymer, water-soluble surfactant that acts as a high HLB emulsifier. Atlas G-1086 - non-ionic surfactant based on sorbitol hexaoleate Petition 870250084582, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 44 / 159 35 / 42 polyoxyethylene (40) sorbitol Rain Resistant Agents (alkyd resins) Formed

[0126] The following methods were used for the synthesis of a range of alkyd resins for evaluation of rain resistance. Method 1 - Using xylene as a water removal aid A 5-necked flask fitted with a sealed magnetic stirrer guide with a PTFE centrifugal stirrer, temperature feedback probe and isomantle, a nitrogen inlet and outlet via a Dean-Stark trap (pre-filled with xylene) with a Liebig condenser to an outlet bubbler was loaded with fatty acid, polyol and xylene (3% by weight) and heated with stirring (350 rpm) under a nitrogen flow (15 ml min-1) at 220 °C until the amount of water collected in the Dean-Stark trap was equal to the theoretical amount calculated for an acid value of 15 mg KOH g-1. The reaction mixture was cooled to 170 °C and the diacid was added. The reaction was heated to 220 °C as before until the acid value was within ca. 20 mg KOH g-1. The reaction apparatus was reconfigured for distillation and the xylene was removed.A vacuum was applied (<0.001 MPa (<10 mbar)) to continue the esterification reaction until an acid value of 10(±2) mg KOH g-1 was reached. After cooling to below 100 °C, the alkyd resin was obtained as a viscous yellow oil. Method 1 was used when the diacid had 6 carbons or less, i.e., for polymers P2, P3, P5, P6, P11, P12, P13, and P14. Method 2 - No xylene A flask with 5 necks equipped with a magnetic stirrer guide sealed with a PTFE centrifugal stirrer, temperature feedback probe and isomanta, a nitrogen inlet and outlet via a distillation arm with a Liebig condenser and a receiving flask for an outlet bubbler was loaded with fatty acid, polyol and Petition 870250084582, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, p. 45 / 159 36 / 42 diacid. The reaction mixture was heated to 190 °C for 1 hour and the temperature was increased to 220 °C for another hour. The distillation arm was replaced with a simple pot-to-pot distillation tube and vacuum was applied at 0.02 MPa (200 mbar) and the reaction was allowed to continue until an acid value of 10±2 mg KOH g⁻¹ was reached. The alkyd resin was obtained as a viscous yellow oil. Method 2 is used when the diacid has more than 6 carbons, that is, for polymers P1, P4, P7, P8, P9, P10 and P15.

[0127] The following polymers in Table 1 were formed using the methods described in this document. Table 1. Alkyd resins formed Alkyd resin Fatty acid Polyol Diacid P1 Fatty acid from rapeseed top fraction Glycerol Azelaic acid P2 Isostearic acid Glycerol Adipic acid P3 Soybean fatty acid Glycerol Succinic acid P4 Soybean fatty acid Pentaerythritol Azelaic acid P5 Soybean fatty acid Trimethylolpropane Adipic acid P6 Isostearic acid Glycerol Adipic acid P7 Stearic / isostearic acid blend Glycerol Azelaic acid P8 Stearic / isostearic acid blend Diglycerol Azelaic acid P9 Soybean fatty acid Diglycerol Sebacic acid P10 Soybean fatty acid Pentaerythritol Sebacic acid Petition 870250084582, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 46 / 159 37 / 42 Alkyd resin Fatty acid Polyol Diacid P11 Lauric acid Glycerol Adipic acid P12 Soybean fatty acid Pentaerythritol Succinic anhydride P13 Stearic acid Glycerol Adipic acid P14 Caprylic acid Pentaerythritol Adipic acid P15 Soybean / stearic acid blend Glycerol Azelaic acid

[0128] Polymers P2 and P6 were produced with different grades of isostearic acid: isostearic acid for P2 (and P7 and P8) includes 36% branched monomethyl and 45% multicarbon branching; isostearic acid for P6 includes 71% monomethyl branching and 6% multicarbon branching.

[0129] The acid values ​​and molecular weights of the synthesized alkyd resin polymers were then determined using the methods described in this document, with the results shown in Table 2. Table 2. Acid values ​​and molecular weights Alkyd Resin Polymer Acid Value Polymer MW P1 7.2 22000 P2 11.8 39300 P3 10.0 3500 P4 10.0 53200 P5 10.7 10300 P6 9.2 18300 P7 10.1 14400 P8 11.2 41400 Petition 870250084582, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, p. 47 / 159 38 / 42 Alkyd resin polymer Acid value Polymer MW P9 11.6 137100 P10 8.6 208100 P11 11.2 59800 P12 9.8 12200 P13 10.0 22100 P14 8.6 52400 P15 12.2 14400 Emulsions Formed

[0130] Alkyd resin polymers were then used to form numerous emulsion systems. The emulsion systems formed are shown in Table 3.

[0131] The emulsion systems were formed using the following method: A cylindrical glass vessel (with a flat bottom) with a complete surrounding jacket for a heating fluid, fitted with an Intermig (EKATO) impeller having a diameter only slightly smaller than the vessel, was loaded with alkyd resin (200 g). The circulator fluid temperature was set to 75 °C and the stirring rate to 50 rpm. A quantity of water calculated to provide the final weight required for the emulsion was loaded into a flat-bottomed flask and placed on a hot plate set to the emulsification temperature to preheat the water for emulsification. Once the set temperature was reached, a quantity of KOH calculated to neutralize 40% of the acid value of the alkyd resin was added to the emulsification vessel and the stirring rate was increased to 100 rpm. After 30 min, the emulsifiers were added to the vessel (3% of each by weight). Petition 870250084582, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 48 / 159 39 / 42 alkyd) and the agitator speed was increased to 175 rpm. After a further 30 min, the circulator fluid temperature was reduced to the emulsification temperature for the specific alkyd resin (determined by the alkyd viscosity). The addition of water for emulsification was initiated using a peristaltic pump, pre-calibrated to an addition rate of 0.4 cm3min-1; the inversion of the emulsion phase from W / O to O / W occurred after approximately ½ of the total volume of water had been added, after which the water addition rate was incrementally increased to 1.6 cm3min-1 until the addition was complete. Table 3. Alkyd resin emulsion systems Alkyd resin Emulsion Emulsifier 1 Emulsifier 2 PSD (nm) Solids (%) P1 E1 Maxemul 7101 Maxemul 7201 1212 51.7 P2 E2 Maxemul 7101 Maxemul 7201 1103 51.8 P3 E3 Maxemul 7101 Maxemul 7201 283.8 51.4 P2 E4 Maxemul 7101 Crodafos C10 / 5A 2900 53.5 P4 E5 Maxemul 7101 Maxemul 7201 1173 51.0 P2 E6 Synperonic PE / L 62 Maxemul 7201 2780 53.1 P5 E7 Maxemul 7101 Maxemul 7201 1106 51.4 P2 E8 Tween 20 Span 20 1470 50.7 P6 E9 Maxemul 7101 Maxemul 7201 235.7 51.1 P7 E10 Maxemul 7101 Maxemul 7201 220.4 49.3 P2 E11 Synperonic PE / F 127 Maxemul 7201 1780 51.5 P8 E12 Maxemul 7101 Maxemul 7201 307.7 51.1 P9 E13 Maxemul 7101 Maxemul 7201 244.3 51.8 Petition 870250084582, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 49 / 159 40 / 42 P2 E14 Atlas G-1086 Maxemul 7201 1320 50.9 P10 E15 Maxemul 7101 Maxemul 7201 586.1 51.2

[0132] The emulsifier ratio was 1:1, except for emulsion E8, where the ratio between Emulsifier 1 and Emulsifier 2 was 3:1, respectively. The results for PSD and solids content demonstrated that a stable emulsion was formed. Formed formulations

[0133] The active ingredient, dispersant, wetting agent, and other formulating agents were mixed using high-shear homogenization to form a fluid paste, then passed through a ball mill to achieve a particle size D(0.9) between 1 and 10 microns. The rheological modifier and antifreeze were then added with a portion of the aqueous phase and combined using high-shear homogenization to form the formulation. The formulations were prepared with the following recipes, as shown in Tables 4 and 5. Table 4. Azoxystrobin-based formulation Component % w / w Azoxystrobin 23.98 Dispersant 1.16 Wetting agent 1.55 Antifoaming agent 0.09 Biocide 0.19 Antifreeze 5.83 Rheology modifier 0.3 Rain resistance agent 3.0 Water 63.90 Petition 870250084582, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 50 / 159 41 / 42 Table 5. Imidacloprid-based formulation Component % w / w Imidacloprid 43.66 Dispersant 1.28 Wetting agent 0.42 Antifoaming agent 0.08 Biocide 0.08 Antifreeze 4.23 Rheology modifier 0.1 Rain resistance agent 3.0 Water 47.15

[0134] The active formulations were then combined with the emulsions in Table 3 and subjected to evaluation for rain resistance using the method noted in this document. Table 6. Performance results of a rain resistance agent using an azoxystrobin-based formulation. Emulsion % removal by dissolution Without additive 93.0 E1 55.4 E2 57.3 E3 60.8 E5 53.2 E7 52.2 E9 42.6 Petition 870250084582, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 51 / 159 42 / 42 Emulsion % removal by dissolution E10 57.2 E12 48.4 E13 47.6 E15 45.0 Table 7. Performance results of a rain resistance agent using an imidacloprid-based formulation. Emulsion % removal by dissolution Without additive 80.9 E2 61.5 E5 36.3 E9 47.8 E10 33.1 E12 59.0 E15 15.7

[0135] For both azoxystrobin and imidacloprid formulations, the removal percentage was significantly reduced when compared to formulations that do not include the alkyd resin rain resistance agent. The alkyd resin rain resistance agent is provided for good rain resistance of the active ingredient.

[0136] It should be understood that the invention should not be limited to the details of the embodiments above, which are described only by way of example. Many variations are possible. Petition 870250084582, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 52 / 159

Claims

1 / 3 CLAIMS 1. Agrochemical formulation characterized by comprising: i) a rain resistance agent selected from an alkyd resin formed of C2 to C16 diacids, C6 to C30 fatty acids and C3 to C8 polyols; and ii) at least one selected from an agrochemical, nutrient or biostimulant active ingredient.

2. Agrochemical formulation, according to claim 1, characterized in that the polyol is selected from glycerol, diglycerol, triglycerol, tetraglycerol, trimethylolpropane, isosorbide or pentaerythritol.

3. Agrochemical formulation, according to claim 2, characterized in that the polyol is selected from glycerol, diglycerol, trimethylolpropane or pentaerythritol.

4. Agrochemical formulation, according to claim 1, characterized in that the polyol is a sugar alcohol selected from glucose, fructose, sorbitol, sorbitan, xylitol, threitol, ribitol, fucitol, mannitol, sucrose, galactitol, iditol, inositol or volemitol.

5. Agrochemical, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the diacid is a linear C4 to C10 diacid.

6. Agrochemical, according to claim 5, characterized in that the diacid is selected from succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid and undecanedioic acid.

7. Agrochemical formulation, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fatty acids are C8 to C30 fatty acids.

8. Agrochemical formulation, according to claim 7, characterized in that the fatty acids are selected from isostearic, stearic, isostearic, caprylic, lauric and mixtures thereof. Petition 870250084582, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 53 / 159 2 / 3 9. Agrochemical formulation, according to claim 1, characterized in that the alkyd resin is formed from a combination of: glycerol - azelaic acid - rapeseed oil, glycerol - isostearic acid - adipic acid, glycerol - succinic acid - soybean oil, pentaerythritol - azelaic acid - soybean oil, trimethylolpropane - adipic acid - soybean oil, glycerol - adipic acid - isostearic acid, glycerol - azelaic acid - stearic / isostearic acid blend, diglycerol - azelaic acid - stearic / isostearic acid blend, diglycerol - sebacic acid - soybean oil, pentaerythritol - sebacic acid - soybean oil, glycerol - adipic acid - lauric acid, pentaerythritol - succinic anhydride - soybean oil, glycerol - acid adipic acid - stearic acid, pentaerythritol - adipic acid - caprylic acid and glycerol - azelaic acid - a blend of soybean oil and stearic acid.

10. Agrochemical formulation, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the molecular weight of the alkyd resin is from 3,000 to 220,000 Da.

11. Agrochemical formulation, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the amount of polyols present in the alkyd resin is in the range of 5 to 45% by weight, as a percentage of the total copolymer weight.

12. Agrochemical formulation, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the amount of diacid present in the alkyd resin is in the range of 2 to 60% by weight, as a percentage of the total copolymer weight.

13. Agrochemical formulation, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the amount of fatty acids present in the alkyd resin is in the range of 20 to 85% by weight, as a percentage of the total copolymer weight.

14. Agrochemical formulation, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the molar ratio between the fatty acid and the polyol and the diacid is in the range of 1:0.35 to 0.60:0.60 to 0.

95. Petition 870250084582, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, page 54 / 159 3 / 3 15. Agrochemical formulation, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the alkyd resin is in an emulsified form or an emulsification system.

16. Concentrate formulation characterized by being suitable for producing an agrochemical formulation as defined in any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein said concentrate comprises: i) a rain resistance agent selected from an alkyd resin formed of C2 to C16 diacids, C6 to C30 fatty acids and C3 to C8 polyols; and ii) at least one selected from an agrochemical, nutrient or biostimulant active ingredient dispersed in an aqueous medium.

17. Concentrate formulation according to claim 16, wherein the formulation is characterized by being a suspension concentrate.

18. Use of a rain-resistant agent selected from an alkyd resin as defined in claim 1, as part of a foliar application, characterized in that it improves the rain resistance of an agrochemical, nutrient or biostimulant active ingredient.

19. A method for treating vegetation to control pests, wherein the method is characterized by comprising applying an agrochemical formulation as defined in any one of claims 1 to 15 and / or a diluted concentrate formulation as defined in any one of claims 16 to 17 to said vegetation or to the immediate environment of said vegetation.

20. Emulsified formulation characterized by comprising a rain-resistant agent selected from an alkyd resin formed of C2 to C16 diacids, C6 to C30 fatty acids and C3 to C8 polyols, suitable for foliar application. Petition 870250084582, dated 09 / 19 / 2025, p. 55 / 159