Method and apparatus for reporting user equipment capacity for layer 1 or layer 2 enabled mobility in mobile communications

Description

1 / 23 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR REPORTING USER EQUIPMENT CAPACITY FOR LAYER 1 OR LAYER 2 ENABLED MOBILITY IN MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED PATENT APPLICATION(S)

[0001] This disclosure is part of a non-provisional application claiming the priority benefit of U.S. Patent Application No. 63 / 501,686, filed May 12, 2023, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] This disclosure relates generally to mobile communications and, more particularly, to user equipment (UE) capability reporting for Layer 1 (L1) or Layer 2 (L2) enabled mobility (LTM) in mobile communications. BACKGROUND

[0003] Unless otherwise indicated herein, the approaches described in this section are not techniques prior to the claims listed below and are not admitted as prior techniques by their inclusion in this section.

[0004] In mobile communications, transfer refers to the process of transferring an ongoing communication session from one UE cell to another in a connected state, so that seamless connectivity and continuity of service for the user can be guaranteed, especially when the user is on the move. In the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) up to Version 17, a cell switch (or so-called service cell switch) is triggered by Layer 3 (L3) measurements and performed by Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling. This L3-based mobility involves the reconfiguration of upper layers (e.g., RRC layer and / or Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer) and the resetting of lower layers (e.g., Petition 870250095225, dated 10 / 17 / 2025, page 9 / 38 2 / 23 Medium Access Control (MAC) and / or Physical Layer (PHY)), which inevitably leads to long latency, large signaling overhead, and long interrupt time.

[0005] To reduce latency, signaling overhead, and interruption time during transfer, 3GPP Version 18 introduced lower-layer-based mobility (or LTM), which aims to enable cell switching via L1 / L2 signaling while maintaining upper-layer configuration and / or minimizing lower-layer configuration changes. However, as LTM is a newly introduced feature, many LTM details have not been fully discussed. For example, a UE is expected to perform accurate time / frequency (T / F) tracking on the service cell(s) and also on the candidate cells, which consequently increases UE complexity. Therefore, how to configure the candidate cells so that the UE is able to perform accurate T / F tracking on the configured candidate cells has become an important issue for newly developed wireless communication systems.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to provide appropriate schemes and designs to solve this problem. SUMMARY

[0007] The following summary is merely illustrative and is not intended to be limiting in any way. That is, the following summary is provided to present concepts, highlights, benefits, and advantages of the novel and non-obvious techniques described herein. Selected implementations are described in more detail below in the detailed description. Therefore, the following summary is not intended to identify essential features of the claimed object, nor is it intended to be used to determine the scope of the claimed object.

[0008] One objective of this publication is to propose solutions or schemes that address the aforementioned issue concerning Petition 870250095225, dated 10 / 17 / 2025, page 10 / 38 3 / 23 Candidate cell configuration with EU capability support.

[0009] In one aspect, a method may involve an instrument reporting an initial capacity, indicating a maximum number of cells for L1 measurement for a network node of a wireless network. The method may also involve the instrument receiving a configuration of one or more candidate cells for LTM from the network node. The configuration is set up based on the initial capacity. The method may further involve the instrument performing L1 measurements on the candidate cells according to the configuration.

[0010] In one aspect, an apparatus may comprise a transceiver that, during operation, communicates wirelessly with a network node of a wireless network. The apparatus may also comprise a processor communicatively coupled to the transceiver. The processor, during operation, may perform operations comprising reporting, via the transceiver, a first capability indicating a maximum number of cells for L1 measurement to the network node. The processor may also perform operations comprising receiving, via the transceiver, a configuration of one or more candidate cells for LTM from the network node. The configuration is configured based on the first capability. The processor may further perform operations comprising performing, via the transceiver, L1 measurements on the candidate cells according to the configuration.

[0011] In one aspect, a method may involve a network node receiving a first capability indicating a maximum number of cells for L1 measurement from an instrument. The method may also involve the network node transmitting a configuration of one or more candidate cells for LTM to the instrument. The configuration is set up based on the first capability.

[0012] It is important to emphasize that, although the description provided here may be in the context of certain technologies of Petition 870250095225, dated 10 / 17 / 2025, page 11 / 38 4 / 23 Radio access technologies (RATs), networks and network topologies, such as Long Term Evolution (LTE), Advanced LTE, Advanced LTE Pro, 5G, New Radio (NR), Internet of Things (IoT) and Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT), Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), as well as 5G (B5G), and 6th Generation (6G), the concepts, schemes and any variations / derivatives proposed can be implemented in, for and by other types of radio access technologies, networks and network topologies. Therefore, the scope of this disclosure is not limited to the examples described herein. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a better understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated into and form part of this disclosure. The drawings illustrate implementations of the disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure. It is important to note that the drawings are not necessarily to scale, as some components may be shown disproportionately to the size of the actual implementation in order to clearly illustrate the concept of this disclosure.

[0014] FIG. 1 is a diagram that describes an example scenario of a communication environment in which various solutions and schemes according to the present disclosure can be implemented.

[0015] FIG. 2 is a diagram that describes an example scenario of interrupt reduction in cell switching according to an implementation of the present disclosure.

[0016] FIG. 3 is a diagram that describes an example scenario of DL and UL synchronizations towards the candidate cell(s) prior to the cell switching command, according to an implementation of the present disclosure.

[0017] FIG. 4 is a diagram that describes an example scenario of EU capacity reporting for LTM in accordance with an implementation of this disclosure. Petition 870250095225, dated 10 / 17 / 2025, page 12 / 38 5 / 23

[0018] FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an example communication system according to an implementation of the present disclosure.

[0019] FIG. 6 is a flowchart of an example process according to an implementation of the present disclosure.

[0020] FIG. 7 is a flowchart of an example process according to an implementation of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED IMPLEMENTATIONS

[0021] Detailed embodiments and implementations of the claimed subjects are disclosed herein. However, it should be understood that the embodiments and implementations disclosed are merely illustrative of the claimed subjects, which may be embodied in various forms. This disclosure may, however, be embodied in various forms and should not be interpreted as limited to the exemplary embodiments and implementations presented herein. Instead, these exemplary embodiments and implementations are provided so that the description of this disclosure is complete and comprehensive, fully conveying the scope of this disclosure to those skilled in the art. In the description below, details of well-known features and techniques may be omitted to avoid unnecessarily obscuring presented embodiments and implementations. Overview

[0022] The implementations described in this disclosure relate to various techniques, methods, schemes and / or solutions concerning the generation of EU capacity reports for LTM in mobile communications. According to this disclosure, various possible solutions can be implemented separately or in combination. That is, although these possible solutions may be described separately below, two or more of these possible solutions may be implemented in one combination or another. Petition 870250095225, dated 10 / 17 / 2025, page 13 / 38 6 / 23

[0023] FIG. 1 illustrates an example scenario 100 of a communication environment in which various solutions and schemes, according to the present disclosure, can be implemented. Scenario 100 involves a UE 110 in wireless communication with one or more network nodes 120, 130, and 140 (e.g., a base station (BS), such as an evolved NodeB (eNB), a Next Generation NodeB (gNB), a transmit / receive point (TRP), or a radio unit (RU)). Network node 120 forms a service cell for UE 110 (i.e., establishes a connection with UE 110), which is also called the source cell in terms of potential cell change due to UE mobility. Furthermore, there may be multiple neighboring cells around the source cell, including the cells formed by network nodes 130 and 140, which are also called candidate cells, for which the UE UE 110 can switch during an LTM procedure. UE 110 is in the overlapping service area of ​​network nodes 120 and 130 and can switch between network nodes 120 and 130 during an LTM procedure. Although not shown, network nodes 120, 130, and 140 can be coupled to a controller that forms a radio access network (RAN) coupled to one or more core networks, through a network entity such as a mobility management entity (MME) or a service gateway (SGW) in 4G LTE, or a mobility and access management function (AMF) or a user plane function (UPF) in 5G NR. In this communication environment, UE 110 and network nodes 120, 130, and 140 can implement various UE capacity reporting schemes for LTM, as described in this disclosure below.It is worth noting that, although the various proposed schemes can be described individually or separately below, in real-world implementations, some or all of the proposed schemes may be used or implemented together. Of course, each of the proposed schemes can be used or implemented individually or separately. Petition 870250095225, dated 10 / 17 / 2025, page 14 / 38 7 / 23

[0024] FIG. 2 illustrates an example scenario 200 of interrupt reduction in cell switching, according to an implementation of the present disclosure. For a legacy transfer, a transfer command (e.g., an RRC Reconfiguration message) is received by the UE in step 211a for cell switching. The interrupt 231 for legacy transfer starts when the traditional transfer command is received and the UE performs DL synchronization 221, UL synchronization 222, reconfiguration 223, and processing to new transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state. With the development of LTM, the UE can receive pre-configuration for LTM before receiving the cell switching command 211b / c. The cell switching command 211b / c can be a MAC control element (CE) that triggers a cell switch from the source cell to a candidate cell.In the first LTM case, the UE performs DL 221 synchronization before receiving the cell switching command 211b, so that the time for receiving and processing the synchronization / block signal PBCH (SSB) Tfirst-SSB and TSSB-proc for DL ​​221 synchronization can be saved. That is, interrupt 232 for the first LTM case is reduced from legacy transfer interrupt 231. In the second LTM case, initial UL 222 synchronization is performed before the cell switching command 211c. Interrupt 233 for the second LTM case is reduced from legacy transfer interrupt 231 and further reduced compared to interrupt 232 for the first LTM case. Initial UL 222 synchronization includes TIU interrupt uncertainty in acquiring the first available PRACH opportunity in the candidate cell.In one example, the UE might receive information / configuration from the candidate cell of the source cell and transmit the PRACH preamble to the candidate cell in step 212. A Random Access Response (RAR) delay is expected until a RAR occurs. Petition 870250095225, dated 10 / 17 / 2025, page 15 / 38 8 / 23 is received in step 213. In one example, if the RAR is required (i.e., the UE needs to receive the RAR), the UE may receive the RAR for the candidate cell in the service cell. In another example, if the RAR is not required (i.e., the UE does not need to receive the RAR), the UE may receive the time advance (TA) or TA group (TAG) of the candidate cell from the cell switching command instead of the RAR. That is, the UE obtains the TA information of the candidate cell before the start of the interrupt 233. After receiving the cell switching command in 211c, the UE performs UE processing for reconfiguration 223. In step 214, the UE receives a new TCI state from the network.

[0025] FIG. 3 illustrates an example scenario 300 of DL and UL synchronizations towards the candidate cell(s) prior to the cell switching command, according to an implementation of the present disclosure. Scenario 300 involves a series of UE actions related to the LTM procedure, starting from the LTM preparation phase, in which the UE receives the RRC measurement configuration of neighboring cell(s) from the source cell and performs L3 measurement accordingly. The L3 measurement can be divided into cell search 311, cell measurement 312, and SSB time index acquisition 313. Then, in the L3 report 314, the UE reports the L3 measurement results to the source cell. Next, the UE receives the RRC reference / delta settings from the source cell (e.g., via an RRC Reconfiguration message). The reference / delta settings of RRC includes candidate cell configurations, such as cell information and RACH feature information, etc. Subsequently, the UE needs to perform DL synchronization and UL synchronization with the candidate cells before the cell switching command. In detail, the UE performs L1 321 received reference signal power measurement (RSRP), and the L1-RSRP report. Petition 870250095225, dated 10 / 17 / 2025, page 16 / 38 9 / 23 322 and activation of DL TCI state 323 (e.g., triggered by a MAC CE for TCI activation) and then DL synchronization 324 to complete fine T / F tracking of the candidate cell(s). Meanwhile, for UL synchronization, the UE performs PRACH transmission 331 upon receiving a PDCCH order indicating a candidate cell for PRACH transmission. UL synchronization also includes TIU interruption uncertainty in acquiring the first available PRACH opportunity on the candidate cell. In an example, if the PDCCH order does not include a cell indicator to indicate a candidate cell for PRACH transmission, this means that RAR is required (i.e., the UE needs to receive the RAR) and then the UE can receive the RAR for the candidate cell on the service cell.In another example, if the PDCCH order does not include a cell indicator to indicate a candidate cell for PRACH transmission, this means that the RAR is not required (i.e., the UE does not need to receive the RAR) and, therefore, the UE can receive the TA information (e.g., TA or TAG) of the candidate cell from the cell switching command. After receiving a cell switching command (e.g., a CE MAC to trigger a cell switching), UE 325 processing is performed for reconfiguration.

[0026] Under proposed schemes, according to this disclosure, the UE (e.g., UE 110) can report a first capability indicating a maximum number of cells for L1 measurement for the network (e.g., network node 120), so that the candidate cell configuration(s) for LTM is defined based on the first capability. After receiving the configuration, the UE can perform L1 measurements on the candidate cell(s) according to the configuration. Specifically, the maximum number of cells can include a maximum number of service cells, a maximum number of neighboring cells, or a maximum number of service cells and neighboring cells. In one example, the Petition 870250095225, dated 10 / 17 / 2025, page 17 / 38 The first capability, 10 / 23, can indicate a maximum number of cells and whether the cells include the service cell. If the cells include the service cell, we can say that the first capability indicates a maximum number of service cells and neighboring cells. Otherwise, if the cells do not include the service cell, we can say that the first capability indicates a maximum number of neighboring cells. Additionally, or optionally, the UE (e.g., UE 110) can also report a second capability indicating a maximum number of SSBs for L1 metering for the network (e.g., network node 120). Specifically, the maximum number of SSBs can include a maximum number of service cell SSBs, a maximum number of neighboring cell SSBs, or a maximum number of service cell and neighboring cell SSBs.

[0027] Alternatively, the UE (e.g., UE 110) may report a third capability indicating a maximum number of activated TCI states for L1 metering for the network (e.g., network node 120), so that the candidate cell configuration(s) for LTM is defined based on the third capability. Specifically, the maximum number of activated TCI states may include a maximum number of activated TCI states of service cells, a maximum number of activated TCI states of neighboring cells, or a maximum number of activated TCI states of both service cells and neighboring cells.

[0028] In some implementations, the first / second / third capacity may be reported by UE, by frequency band (FR), by band, or by component carrier (CC).

[0029] FIG. 4 illustrates an example scenario 400 of UE capacity reporting for LTM according to an implementation of this disclosure. Scenario 400 involves a UE 410 and a network node 420 that may be part of a wireless network (e.g., an LTE network, a 5G NR network, an IoT network, or a 6G network). As shown in FIG. 4, in step 402, Petition 870250095225, dated 10 / 17 / 2025, page 18 / 38 11 / 23 Network node 420 initiates the UE capability transfer procedure by transmitting a UECapabilityEnquiry message to UE 410. Specifically, the UE capability transfer procedure can be initiated when UE 410 is in the RRC_CONNECTED state and when network node 420 needs (additional) UE radio access capability information. In step 404, UE 410 transmits a message UECapabilityInformation for network node 420. Specifically, the UECapabilityInformation message may contain UE capability information, indicating that UE 410 supports L1-RSRP measurement and reporting based on candidate cell SSB(s) and indicating a maximum number of configured RRC candidate cell(s) for intrafrequency and interfrequency L1-RSRP measurement. For example, UE capability information may be signaled in one or more information elements (IEs), including supportOfL1measOnCandidates-r18 and maxNoOfCandidatesForLTM-r18. The IE supportOfL1measOnCandidates-r18 indicates that UE 410 supports L1-RSRP measurement and reporting based on candidate cell SSB(s). The IE maxNoOfCandidatesForLTM-r18 indicates the maximum number of candidate cell(s) configured per RRC for intrafrequency and interfrequency L1-RSRP measurement, which is supported by UE 410.In other words, the L1 measurement capabilities for LTM are indicated by the UE capability information reported in the UECapabilityInformation message. Illustrative implementations

[0030] FIG. 5 illustrates an example communication system 500, with an example communication device 510 and an example network device 520, according to an implementation of the present disclosure. Each of the communication device 510 and network device 520 can perform various functions to implement schemes, techniques, processes and methods described herein, relating to the generation of EU capacity reports. Petition 870250095225, dated 10 / 17 / 2025, page 19 / 38 12 / 23 for LTM in mobile communications, including the scenarios / schemes described above, as well as processes 600 and 700 described below.

[0031] The 510 communication device can be part of an electronic device, which can be a UE, such as a portable or mobile device, a wearable device, a wireless communication device, or a computing device. For example, the 510 communication device can be implemented in a smartphone, a smartwatch, a personal digital assistant, a digital camera, or a computing device such as a tablet, a laptop, or a notebook. The 510 communication device can also be part of a machine-type device, which can be an IoT, NB-IoT, or IIoT device, such as a stationary or fixed device, a household appliance, a wired communication device, or a computing device. For example, the 510 communication device can be implemented in a smart thermostat, a smart refrigerator, a smart lock, a wireless speaker, or a home control hub.Alternatively, the 510 communication device may be implemented in the form of one or more integrated circuit (IC) chips, such as, for example and without limitation, one or more single-core processors, one or more multi-core processors, one or more RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computing) processors, or one or more CISC (Complex Instruction Set Computing) processors. The 510 communication device may include at least some of the components shown in FIG. 5, such as a 512 processor, for example. The 510 communication device may also include one or more other components not relevant to the proposed scheme of this disclosure (for example, internal power supply, display device and / or user interface device) and, therefore, such components of the 510 communication device are not shown in FIG. 5 nor described below for reasons of simplicity and brevity. Petition 870250095225, dated 10 / 17 / 2025, page 20 / 38 13 / 23

[0032] The 520 network appliance can be part of an electronic appliance, which can be a network node, such as a base station (BS), a small cell, a router, or a gateway. For example, the 520 network appliance can be implemented in an eNB in ​​a 4G LTE network, or in a gNB / TRP / RU in a network of 5G, B5G, 6G, IoT, NB-IoT, or IIoT. Alternatively, the 520 network device may be implemented in the form of one or more IC chips, such as, for example and without limitation, one or more single-core processors, one or more multi-core processors, or one or more RISC or CISC processors. The 520 communication device may include at least some of these components shown in FIG. 5, such as a 522 processor, for example. The 520 network device may also include one or more other components not relevant to the proposed scheme of this disclosure (for example, internal power supply, display device, and / or user interface device) and, therefore, such components of the 520 network device are not shown in FIG. 5 nor described below for the sake of simplicity and brevity.

[0033] In one aspect, each of the 512 and 522 processors may be implemented in the form of one or more single-core processors, one or more multi-core processors, or one or more CISC processors. That is, although the singular term “one processor” is used herein to refer to the 512 and 522 processors, each of the 512 and 522 processors may include multiple processors in some implementations and a single processor in other implementations, according to the present disclosure. In another aspect, each of the 512 and 522 processors may be implemented in the form of hardware (and optionally firmware) with electronic components including, for example and without limitation, one or more transistors, one or more diodes, one or more capacitors, one or more resistors, one or more inductors, one or more memristors. Petition 870250095225, dated 10 / 17 / 2025, page 21 / 38 14 / 23 and / or one or more varactors that are configured and arranged to accomplish specific purposes, according to this disclosure. In other words, in at least some implementations, each of the 512 processor and 522 processor is a special-purpose machine specifically designed, organized, and configured to perform specific tasks, including advance synchronization of UL to LTM in a UE (e.g., as represented by the 510 communication appliance) and a BS (e.g., as represented by the 520 network appliance) according to various implementations of this disclosure.

[0034] In some implementations, the 510 communication device may also include a 516 transceiver coupled to the 512 processor and capable of wirelessly transmitting and receiving control and data signals. In some implementations, the 516 transceiver may be able to wirelessly communicate with different types of BSs from different RATs. In some implementations, the 516 transceiver may be equipped with a plurality of antenna ports (not shown), such as four antenna ports. That is, the 516 transceiver may be equipped with multiple transmit antennas and multiple receive antennas for multi-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless communications. In some implementations, the 520 network device may also include a 526 transceiver coupled to the 522 processor and capable of wirelessly transmitting and receiving control and data signals. In some implementations, the 526 transceiver may be able to wirelessly communicate with different types of UEs from different RATs.In some implementations, the 526 transceiver can be equipped with a plurality of antenna ports (not shown), such as four antenna ports. That is, the 526 transceiver can be equipped with multiple transmit antennas and multiple receive antennas for MIMO wireless communications. Petition 870250095225, dated 10 / 17 / 2025, p. 22 / 38 15 / 23 Consequently, communication device 510 and network device 520 can communicate wirelessly with each other by means of transceiver 516 and transceiver 526, respectively.

[0035] In some implementations, communication device 510 may also include a memory 514 coupled to processor 512 and capable of being accessed by processor 512 and storing data therein. In some implementations, network device 520 may also include a memory 524 coupled to processor 522 and capable of being accessed by processor 522 and storing data therein. Each of the memories 514 and 524 may include a type of random access memory (RAM), such as dynamic RAM (DRAM), static RAM (SRAM), thyristor RAM (T-RAM) and / or zero-capacitor RAM (Z-RAM). Alternatively, or additionally, each of the memories 514 and 524 may include a type of read-only memory (ROM), such as mask ROM, programmable ROM (PROM), erasable programmable ROM (EPROM) and / or electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM).Alternatively, or additionally, each of the 514 and 524 memories may include a type of non-volatile random access memory (NVRAM), such as flash memory, solid-state memory, ferroelectric RAM (FeRAM), magnetoresistive RAM (MRAM), and / or phase-change memory.

[0036] Each of the 510 communication and 520 network devices can be a communication entity capable of communicating with each other using various schemes proposed in accordance with this disclosure. For illustrative purposes and without limitation, a description of the operations, functionalities and capabilities of the 510 communication device, implemented in or as a UE (e.g., the UE 110), and of the 520 network device, implemented in or as a network node (e.g., the network node 120), is provided below.

[0037] According to certain schemes proposed in this disclosure, processor 512 of communication apparatus 510 can report, by means of transceiver 516, a first capability Petition 870250095225, dated 10 / 17 / 2025, page 23 / 38 16 / 23 indicating a maximum number of cells for L1 measurement for the network device 520. Then, processor 512 can receive, via transceiver 516, a configuration of one or more candidate cells for LTM from network device 520. Specifically, the configuration is set based on the first capacity. Furthermore, processor 512 can perform, via transceiver 516, L1 measurements on the candidate cells according to the configuration.

[0038] In some implementations, the maximum number of cells may include a maximum number of service cells, a maximum number of neighboring cells, or a maximum number of both service cells and neighboring cells.

[0039] In some implementations, processor 512 can also report, via transceiver 516, a second capability indicating a maximum number of SSBs for L1 measurement for network device 520.

[0040] In some implementations, the maximum number of SSBs may include a maximum number of service cell SSBs, a maximum number of neighboring cell SSBs, or a maximum number of service cell and neighboring cell SSBs.

[0041] In some implementations, the first capacity may be reported by UE, by FR, by band or by CC.

[0042] In some implementations, L1 measurements can be performed before receiving a cell switching command from network device 520.

[0043] In some implementations, the cell switching command may include a CE MAC triggering a cell switching.

[0044] According to certain proposed schemes of the present disclosure, processor 522 of network device 520 can receive, via transceiver 526, a first capacity indicating a maximum number of cells for L1 measurement from communication device 510. Then, processor 522 can transmit, via transceiver 526, a configuration of a Petition 870250095225, dated 10 / 17 / 2025, page 24 / 38 17 / 23 or more candidate cells for LTM for 510 communication device. Specifically, the configuration is set up based on the first capacity.

[0045] In some implementations, the maximum number of cells may include a maximum number of service cells, a maximum number of neighboring cells, or a maximum number of both service cells and neighboring cells.

[0046] In some implementations, processor 522 can also receive, via transceiver 526, a second capability indicating a maximum number of SSBs for L1 measurement from communication device 510.

[0047] In some implementations, the maximum number of SSBs may include a maximum number of service cell SSBs, a maximum number of neighboring cell SSBs, or a maximum number of service cell and neighboring cell SSBs.

[0048] In some implementations, the first capacity may be reported by UE, by FR, by band or by CC.

[0049] In some implementations, processor 522 can also transmit, via transceiver 526, a cell switching command to communication device 510. Specifically, the cell switching command includes a CE MAC that triggers a cell switching. Illustrative Processes

[0050] FIG. 6 illustrates an example process 600, according to an implementation of the present disclosure. Process 600 may be an example implementation of the above scenarios / schemes, in whole or in part, with respect to generating UE capacity reports for LTM in mobile communications. Process 600 may represent an implementation aspect of communication device features 510. Process 600 may include one or more operations, actions, or functions, as illustrated by one or more of blocks 610, 620, and 630. Although illustrated as discrete blocks, various process 600 blocks may be divided into Petition 870250095225, dated 10 / 17 / 2025, page 25 / 38 18 / 23 additional blocks, combined into fewer blocks or eliminated, depending on the desired implementation. Furthermore, the blocks of process 600 can be executed in the order shown in FIG. 6 or, alternatively, in a different order. Process 600 can be implemented by communication device 510 or by any suitable UE. For illustrative purposes only and without limitation, process 600 is described below in the context of communication device 510 as a UE and network device 520 as a network node. Process 600 can start at block 610.

[0051] In 610, process 600 may involve processor 512 of communication apparatus 510 reporting, via transceiver 516, an initial capacity indicating a maximum number of cells for L1 measurement for network apparatus 520. Process 600 may proceed from 610 to 620.

[0052] In 620, process 600 may involve processor 512 receiving, via transceiver 516, a configuration of one or more candidate cells for LTM from network appliance 520, wherein the configuration is set up based on the first capacity. Process 600 may proceed from 620 to 630.

[0053] In 630, process 600 may involve processor 512 performing, by means of transceiver 516, L1 measurements in candidate cells according to the configuration.

[0054] In some implementations, the maximum number of cells may include a maximum number of service cells, a maximum number of neighboring cells, or a maximum number of both service cells and neighboring cells.

[0055] In some implementations, process 600 may also involve processor 512 reporting, via transceiver 516, a second capability indicating a maximum number of SSBs for L1 measurement for network device 520.

[0056] In some implementations, the maximum number of SSBs may include a maximum number of service cell SSBs, a maximum number of neighboring cell SSBs, or a maximum number of Petition 870250095225, dated 10 / 17 / 2025, page 26 / 38 19 / 23 SSBs of service cells and neighboring cells.

[0057] In some implementations, the first capacity may be reported by UE, by FR, by band or by CC.

[0058] In some implementations, L1 measurements can be performed before receiving a cell switching command from network device 520.

[0059] In some implementations, the cell switching command may include a CE MAC triggering a cell switching.

[0060] FIG. 7 illustrates an example process 700, according to an implementation of the present disclosure. Process 700 may be an example implementation of the above scenarios / schemes, in whole or in part, with respect to generating UE capacity reports for LTM in mobile communications. Process 700 may represent an aspect of the implementation of network device 520 features. Process 700 may include one or more operations, actions, or functions, as illustrated by one or more of the 710 and 720 blocks. Although illustrated as discrete blocks, multiple process 700 blocks may be divided into additional blocks, combined into fewer blocks, or eliminated, depending on the desired implementation. Furthermore, the process 700 blocks may be executed in the order shown in FIG. 7 or, alternatively, in a different order. Process 700 may be implemented by network device 520.For illustrative purposes only and without limitation, process 700 is described below in the context of communication device 510 as a UE and network device 520 as a network node. Process 700 can start on block 710.

[0061] In 710, process 700 may involve processor 522 of network device 520 receiving, by means of transceiver 526, a first capability indicating a maximum number of cells for L1 measurement from communication device 510. Process 700 may proceed from 710 to 720.

[0062] In 720, process 700 may involve processor 522 Petition 870250095225, dated 10 / 17 / 2025, page 27 / 38 20 / 23 transmitting, via transceiver 526, a configuration of one or more candidate cells for LTM to communication device 510, wherein the configuration is set up based on the first capability.

[0063] In some implementations, the maximum number of cells may include a maximum number of service cells, a maximum number of neighboring cells, or a maximum number of both service cells and neighboring cells.

[0064] In some implementations, process 700 may also involve processor 522 receiving, via transceiver 526, a second capability indicating a maximum number of SSBs for L1 measurement from communication device 510.

[0065] In some implementations, the maximum number of SSBs may include a maximum number of service cell SSBs, a maximum number of neighboring cell SSBs, or a maximum number of service cell and neighboring cell SSBs.

[0066] In some implementations, the first capacity may be reported by UE, by FR, by band or by CC.

[0067] In some implementations, process 700 may also involve processor 522 transmitting, via transceiver 526, a cell switching command to communication device 510, wherein the cell switching command includes a CE MAC triggering a cell switching. Additional Notes

[0068] The subject described here sometimes illustrates different components contained within, or connected to, different other components. It should be understood that such represented architectures are merely examples and that, in fact, many other architectures can be implemented to achieve the same functionality. In a conceptual sense, any arrangement of components to achieve the same functionality is effectively associated in such a way that the desired functionality is achieved. Therefore, any two components combined here Petition 870250095225, dated 10 / 17 / 2025, pp. 28 / 38 21 / 23 to achieve a specific functionality can be seen as associated with each other in such a way that the desired functionality is achieved, regardless of architectures or intermediate components. Similarly, any two components thus associated can also be seen as operationally connected or operationally coupled to each other to achieve the desired functionality, and any two components capable of being thus associated can also be seen as operationally coupleable to each other to achieve the desired functionality. Specific examples of operationally coupleable components include, but are not limited to, physically coupleable and / or physically interactive components and / or wireless interactive components and / or logically interactive components.

[0069] Furthermore, with regard to the use of substantially any plural and / or singular terms described herein, those skilled in the art may translate from plural to singular and / or from singular to plural, as appropriate to the context and / or application. The various singular / plural permutations may be expressly set forth herein for the sake of clarity.

[0070] Furthermore, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that, in general, the terms used herein, and especially in the appended claims, for example, the bodies of the appended claims, are generally conceived as open terms, for example, the term including should be interpreted as including, but not limited to, the term having should be interpreted as having at least, the term includes should be interpreted as includes, but not limited to, etc. It will further be understood by those skilled in the art that, if a specific number of an introduced claim recitation is intended, such intention will be explicitly stated. Petition 870250095225, dated 10 / 17 / 2025, pp. 29 / 38 22 / 23 recited in the claim and, in the absence of such recitation, such intent will not be present. For example, as an aid to understanding, the following attached claims may contain the use of the introductory phrases at least one and one or more to introduce claim recitations. However, the use of such phrases should not be interpreted as implying that the introduction of a claim recitation by the indefinite articles a or an limits any specific claim containing such introduced claim recitation to implementations containing only one of these recitations, even when the same claim includes the introductory phrases one or more or at least one and indefinite articles such as a or an, for example, a and / or an should be interpreted as meaning at least one or one or more; the same applies to the use of definite articles used to introduce claim recitations.Furthermore, even if a specific number of an introduced claim recitation is explicitly recited, those versed in the technique will recognize that such recitation should be interpreted as meaning at least the number recited, for example, the mere recitation of two recitations, without other modifiers, means at least two recitations, or two or more recitations. Moreover, in cases where a convention analogous to “at least one of A, B, and C, etc.” is used, in general, such a construction is intended in the sense that someone versed in the technique would understand the convention, for example, “a system having at least one of A, B, and C” would include, but not be limited to, systems that have A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B together, A and C together, B and... C together and / or A, B, and C together, etc. In cases where a convention analogous to "at least one of A, B, or C, etc." is used, such a construction is generally intended in the sense that someone versed in the technique would understand the convention; for example, "a system having at least one of A, B, or C" would include, but not be limited to. Petition 870250095225, dated 10 / 17 / 2025, pp. 30 / 38 23 / 23 systems that have A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B together, A and C together, B and C together, and / or A, B and C together, etc. It will further be understood by those skilled in the art that virtually any disjunctive word and / or phrase presenting two or more alternative terms, whether in the description, claims or drawings, should be understood as contemplating the possibilities of including one of the terms, either of the terms, or both terms. For example, the phrase “A or B” will be understood as including the possibilities of A or “B” or “A and B”.

[0071] In view of the foregoing, it is clear that various implementations of this disclosure have been described here for illustrative purposes, and that various modifications may be made without departing from the scope and spirit of this disclosure. Consequently, the various implementations disclosed here are not intended to be limiting, the true scope and spirit being indicated by the claims that follow. Petition 870250095225, dated 10 / 17 / 2025, pp. 31 / 38

Claims

1 / 4 CLAIMS 1. A method, characterized in that it comprises: reporting, by a device processor, a first capability indicating a maximum number of cells for Layer 1 (L1) measurement for a network node of a wireless network; receiving, by the processor, a configuration of one or more candidate cells for L1 or Layer 2 (L2)-enabled mobility (LTM) from the network node, wherein the configuration is set based on the first capability; and performing, by the processor, L1 measurements on the candidate cells according to the configuration.

2. Method, according to claim 1, characterized in that the maximum number of cells comprises: a maximum number of service cells; a maximum number of neighboring cells; or a maximum number of service cells and neighboring cells.

3. Method, according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises: reporting, by the processor, a second capability that indicates a maximum number of synchronization signal blocks (SSBs) for L1 measurement for the network node.

4. Method according to claim 3, characterized in that the maximum number of SSBs comprises: a maximum number of SSBs of service cells; a maximum number of SSBs of neighboring cells; or a maximum number of SSBs of service cells and neighboring cells.

5. Method, according to claim 1, characterized in that the first capability is reported by user equipment (UE), by frequency band (FR), by band or by component carrier (CC).

6. Method, according to claim 1, characterized in that the L1 measurements are performed before Petition 870250090094, dated 03 / 10 / 2025, page 21 / 25 2 / 4 receives a cell switching command from the network node.

7. Method according to claim 6, characterized in that the cell switching command comprises a medium access control (MAC) control element that triggers a cell switching operation.

8. Device, characterized in that it comprises: a transceiver that, during operation, communicates wirelessly with a network node of a wireless network; and a processor communicatively coupled to the transceiver such that, during operation, the processor performs operations comprising: reporting, via the transceiver, a first capability indicating a maximum number of cells for Layer 1 (L1) measurement to the network node; receiving, via the transceiver, a configuration of one or more candidate cells for L1 or Layer 2 (L2)-enabled mobility (LTM) from the network node, wherein the configuration is set based on the first capability; and performing, via the transceiver, L1 measurements on the candidate cells according to the configuration.

9. Apparatus, according to claim 8, characterized in that the maximum number of cells comprises: a maximum number of service cells; a maximum number of neighboring cells; or a maximum number of service cells and neighboring cells.

10. Device according to claim 8, characterized in that, during operation, the processor also performs operations comprising: reporting, via the transceiver, a second capability indicating a maximum number of synchronization signal blocks (SSBs) for L1 measurement for the network node. Petition 870250090094, dated 03 / 10 / 2025, p. 22 / 25 3 / 4 11. Apparatus, according to claim 10, characterized in that the maximum number of SSBs comprises: a maximum number of SSBs of service cells; a maximum number of SSBs of neighboring cells; or a maximum number of SSBs of service cells and neighboring cells.

12. Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the first capability is reported by user equipment (UE), by frequency band (FR), by band or by component carrier (CC).

13. Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the L1 measurements are performed before receiving a cell switching command from the network node.

14. Apparatus, according to claim 13, characterized in that the cell switching command comprises a medium access control (MAC) control element that drives a cell switching.

15. Method, characterized in that it comprises: receiving, by a network node processor, a first capability indicating a maximum number of cells for layer 1 (L1) measurement from an instrument; and transmitting, by the processor, a configuration of one or more candidate cells for L1 or layer 2 (L2) driven mobility (LTM) to the instrument, wherein the configuration is set based on the first capability.

16. Method according to claim 15, characterized in that the maximum number of cells comprises: a maximum number of service cells; a maximum number of neighboring cells; or a maximum number of service cells and neighboring cells. Petition 870250090094, dated 10 / 03 / 2025, p. 23 / 25 4 / 4 17. Method, according to claim 15, characterized in that it further comprises: receiving, by the processor, a second capability indicating a maximum number of synchronization signal blocks (SSBs) for L1 measurement from the device.

18. Method according to claim 17, characterized in that the maximum number of SSBs comprises: a maximum number of SSBs of service cells; a maximum number of SSBs of neighboring cells; or a maximum number of SSBs of service cells and neighboring cells.

19. Method, according to claim 15, characterized in that the first capability is reported by user equipment (UE), by frequency band (FR), by band or by component carrier (CC).

20. Method according to claim 15, characterized in that it further comprises: transmitting, via the processor, a cell switching command to the device, wherein the cell switching command comprises a medium access control (MAC) element that triggers a cell switching. Petition 870250090094, dated 03 / 10 / 2025, p. 24 / 25

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