PNEU COMPREENDENDO UM DISPOSITIVO DE MONITORAMENTO

Description

21 TIRE COMPRISING A MONITORING DEVICE (Divided from BR 11 2023 005694 2) Technical field of the invention

[001] The present invention relates to a tire comprising a monitoring device. State of the art

[002] Typically, a tire has a substantially toroidal structure around a geometric axis of rotation during operation and has an equatorial plane perpendicular to the geometric axis of rotation, said equatorial plane normally being a plane of (substantial) geometric symmetry (for example, neglecting any minor asymmetries such as tread pattern and / or sidewall markings and / or internal structure).

[003] “Inner cavity” means the space enclosed by the inner surface of the tire and the surface of the mounting rim facing the inner surface of the tire when mounted.

[004] The crown part refers to the part of the tire that is placed on the tread.

[005] The terms radial and axial are used with reference, respectively, to a direction perpendicular and a direction parallel to the geometric axis of rotation of the tire.

[006] The term “tangential” is used in relation to a direction generally oriented in accordance with the rolling direction of the tire, perpendicular to both the radial and axial directions.

[007] The bearing surface is understood to be the portion of the outer surface of the tread (and by extension the part of the crown corresponding to that portion of the surface) which, during the rolling of the mounted tire and under a load (for example due to mounting under a vehicle), is in instantaneous contact with the rolling surface. A Petition 870260047426, dated 05 / 19 / 2026, page 13 / 65 / 21 the bearing surface normally has substantially zero curvature (or a substantially infinite radius of curvature) or, in any case, substantially assumes the shape of the rolling surface.

[008] There are known monitoring devices attached to the inner surface of a tire in the crown portion to detect one or more physical quantities of the tire, such as temperature, pressure, inner surface acceleration, inner surface deformation, etc.

[009] Document WO2018 / 065846A1 describes a device for attaching an electronic unit to a tire, the device comprising a base made of elastomeric material to which a module comprising the electronic unit is stably attached. The underside of the base, intended to be bonded to the tire surface, is coated with a pressure-sensitive adhesive.

[0010] Document WO2019 / 123118A1 describes a tire monitoring device comprising an electronic unit enclosed in an encapsulation material. The encapsulation material forms a single body consisting of an upper part, in which the electronic unit is housed, and a lower part, consisting of a base surface intended for attaching the device to the inner surface of the tire.

[0011] Document DE102007001279A1 describes a tire and an electronic module arranged on the inner side of the tire, in which the electronic components are embedded. The electronic module consists of two different sealing compounds exhibiting different physical characteristics. A first sealing compound is attached to the inner side of the tire by an adhesive layer and consists of a soft material, and a second sealing compound consists of a hard material. The electronic components are embedded in both sealing compounds. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0012] In the context of tires composed of devices Petition 870260047426, dated 05 / 19 / 2026, p. 14 / 65 / 21 monitoring, the Applicant has encountered the problem of reaching increasingly higher speeds with such tires, even up to the maximum homologated speed of the tire (usually over 300 km / h or even over 350 km / h).

[0013] The Applicant found, after tests carried out both in the laboratory and on the track, that the known monitoring devices, when used at said very high speeds, suffer from several problems, including the possible detachment of the tire, with consequent damage and / or destruction of the device and / or tire and loss of functionality.

[0014] In the entry and exit regions of the support surface, due to the deformation suffered by the tire in contact with the rolling surface, the radial acceleration to which the monitor is subjected is greater than in the regions outside the support surface. It follows that the radial acceleration of the monitoring device undergoes a rapid and cyclical variation at high frequency, which in turn generates a corresponding cyclical variation of the radial force acting on the monitoring device.

[0015] Furthermore, in some devices, a higher concentration of radial force was observed in the substantially central portion of the monitoring device containing the electronic unit, where most of the mass of the entire device is normally concentrated, compared to a peripheral portion of the device itself, located externally to the projection of the central portion onto the plane where the base is located, where there is normally a lower concentration of mass.

[0016] Without limiting itself to any theory, the Applicant believes that this imbalance in radial forces, together with their cyclical variation upon entering and exiting the support surface, affects – particularly at very high speeds – the adhesive layer that secures the device to the tire. In fact, it is believed that the adhesive located in the substantially central portion of the Petition 870260047426, dated 05 / 19 / 2026, p. 15 / 65 / 21 the device undergoes more intense radial compression and stretching cycles than the adhesive located on the peripheral portion of the device.

[0017] The Applicant believes that this phenomenon generates a kind of pumping in the adhesive that induces a migration of the adhesive from the center to the periphery of the bonding surface, where it accumulates.

[0018] This results in changes to the adhesion properties of the monitor to the tire, consequently generating localized stresses and a lack of adhesive in the central portion of the monitor, which may trigger phenomena such as monitor breakage and / or detachment of the device from the tire.

[0019] In an attempt to mitigate this phenomenon, the Applicant first tried increasing the thickness of the adhesive to increase the possibility of the adhesive itself stretching. However, the Applicant did not observe any recognizable improvements. In some cases, the Applicant found that this increase in thickness simultaneously increases the local temperature of the tire, potentially compromising the integrity of the tire and / or the monitoring device. This is particularly true in the case of the use of pressure-sensitive adhesives (PSAs), which owe their adhesion properties to an energy absorption mechanism linked to a component with higher viscosity relative to the elastic component. On the other hand, this highly viscous component brings about a large development of heat as a consequence of cyclic stress.

[0020] Furthermore, the Applicant noted that increasing the temperature of the adhesive layer (in particular the PSA) can increase the fluidity of the adhesive itself, consequently increasing the migration phenomenon.

[0021] Surprisingly, the Applicant discovered that it is possible to maintain a firm attachment of a monitoring device even at very high speeds by applying the adhesive layer in a spatially selective manner to the bonding surface, i.e., by removing a portion of the adhesive, as described below. Petition 870260047426, dated 05 / 19 / 2026, page 16 / 65 / 21

[0022] According to one aspect, the invention relates to a tire comprising a monitoring device.

[0023] The monitoring device comprises a mutually integral housing portion and a base portion, said base portion having a single-piece coupling surface intended to attach the monitoring device to the tire, wherein a projection of said housing portion onto said coupling surface has an extension shorter than said coupling surface.

[0024] The monitoring device comprises an electronic unit housed in said housing portion.

[0025] The monitoring device is fixed to an inner surface of said tire in a portion of the crown of said tire by an adhesive interposed between said coupling surface and said inner surface.

[0026] A first region of said coupling surface is covered by said adhesive and a second region of said coupling surface, complementary to said first region, is without adhesive.

[0027] Preferably, said second region is contained within said projection of said housing portion onto said coupling surface.

[0028] The Applicant realized that the fact that a region of the coupling surface contained within a projection of the housing portion (containing the electronic unit) on the coupling surface itself is free of adhesive, allows for a reduction in the amount of adhesive precisely in the region of the coupling surface where the adhesive itself would be subjected most intensely to said radial stretching and compression cycles. The aforementioned adhesive pumping and migration phenomena are thus reduced, and even eliminated, preventing the accumulation of significant portions of adhesive in the peripheral region of the coupling surface and, therefore, attenuating or eliminating the variation in the adhesion properties of the device to the tire and the consequent appearance of localized stresses and / or Petition 870260047426, dated 05 / 19 / 2026, page 17 / 65 / 21 excessive temperature increase. The Applicant found that in this way it is possible to obtain a stable bonding of the monitoring device to the inner surface of the tire even at the maximum approved speed of the tire, without detachment of the device itself and / or without excessive increase in local temperature which could damage the tire or the electronic part of the device itself.

[0029] The present invention may have one or more of the following preferred features.

[0030] Preferably, the said first region entirely encompasses the said second region.

[0031] Preferably, the said first region is continuous and / or the said second region is continuous.

[0032] Preferably, said housing portion is arranged in the (substantially) central position of said base portion, more preferably of said coupling surface. In this way, the device is balanced and the stability of the device once bonded is increased.

[0033] Preferably, a projection of a center of mass of said housing portion onto said coupling surface falls on a central position of said second region. In this way, the adhesive-free region is rationally arranged in relation to the zone of greatest mass concentration of the apparatus.

[0034] Preferably, said second region is arranged in the (substantially) central position of said projection of said housing portion. Preferably, the housing portion has at least axial symmetry and substantially equally distributed mass around the geometric axis of symmetry (to limit and / or prevent imbalances and / or the initiation of force moments in the device during tire rotation).

[0035] Preferably, said second region has a flat extent greater than or equal to 45%, more preferably greater than or equal to 55%, of said Petition 870260047426, dated 05 / 19 / 2026, page 18 / 65 / 21 projection of the housing portion. Preferably, said second region has a flat extent less than or equal to 95%, more preferably less than or equal to 85%, of said projection of the housing portion. These ranges of values ​​are optimal for achieving bonding of the device while reducing (or avoiding) the problems described above.

[0036] Preferably, said second region reproduces, with a scale factor, a shape of said projection of the housing portion. In this way, the second zone adapts to the geometry of the housing portion, with a substantial uniformity of adhesive distribution.

[0037] Preferably, a distance measured along the coupling surface between an edge of said second region and an ideal edge of said projection of said housing portion is equal to at least 1 mm, more preferably at least 2 mm, along the entire development of said edge of the second region. In other words, on the coupling surface there is at least 1 millimeter of adhesive between the ideal edge of the projection of the housing portion on the coupling surface and the beginning of the second region. By ideal edge of the projection of the housing portion is meant the projection of the entire housing portion considered at its maximum extent. Preferably, said distance is at most 5 mm. The Applicant has verified that the aforementioned values ​​determine an amount of glue to be placed within the protrusion of the housing portion useful for bonding the monitoring device.

[0038] Preferably, the said adhesive is a pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA). In this way, the application of the device to the inner surface of the tire can be carried out in an extremely simple and quick manner.

[0039] In preferred embodiments, the pressure-sensitive adhesive may be an acrylic adhesive, a silicone adhesive, a butyl adhesive, a natural rubber-based adhesive, or a block copolymer-based adhesive. Optionally, the adhesive material may be reinforced by the addition of Petition 870260047426, dated 05 / 19 / 2026, page 19 / 65 / 21 of fibers.

[0040] In a particularly preferred embodiment, said adhesive has a thickness, more preferably uniform, of less than or equal to 200 µm, more preferably less than or equal to 150 µm. The Applicant has observed experimentally that these thicknesses, reduced in relation to the thicknesses normally used (equal to about 300 µm), considerably mitigate the problem of sensor and / or tire damage due to overheating, for example, in terms of increasing the time elapsed before failure occurs, as explained further below.

[0041] Preferably, said housing portion comprises a rigid body suitable for housing said electronic unit. In this way, the electronic unit is firmly housed. For example, the rigid body can be made of plastic material and / or by means of resins (e.g., epoxy or polyurethane resin) and / or of sufficiently rigid elastomeric material. Preferably, said projection of the housing portion coincides with a projection of the rigid body (considered at its maximum load).

[0042] Preferably, said base portion has a perimeter edge free of corners, cusps and / or portions with small radii of curvature. Preferably, said base portion has a circular or oval perimeter edge. This reduces the occurrence of cracks due to stress concentration at the corners or, in any case, at portions with small radii of curvature. The occurrence of trigger points for localized delamination is also reduced.

[0043] In one embodiment, said base portion has a perimeter edge with a wavy tendency along a (substantially) circular or oval generating line.

[0044] Preferably, the said housing portion, more preferably the said rigid body, has a substantially different shape. Petition 870260047426, dated 05 / 19 / 2026, p. 20 / 65 / 21 cylindrical or prismatic.

[0045] Preferably, said base portion comprises a plurality of reinforcing elements. Preferably, said reinforcing elements may comprise textile or metallic filaments or cords, for example made of one or more of the following textile materials: aramid, rayon, polyester, nylon, lyocell. The expression “one or more textile materials” includes the case where only one material is used for all the textile cords or filaments used in the base portion, or the case where more materials are used in the base portion within mixed filaments or cords (for example, filaments or cords of one material alternating with filaments or cords of another material), or the case where multiple materials are used in the base portion in mixed filaments or cords (for example, cords comprising filaments of two different materials).The reinforcing elements may also be made of, or may comprise, metal filaments or cords (possibly a metal / textile hybrid), for example, thin steel wires. Preferably, said reinforcing elements are arranged with a density between 30 cords / dm and 500 cords / dm.

[0046] Preferably, said monitoring device comprises an encapsulation material that at least partially surrounds said electronic unit. In this way, the electronic unit is further protected.

[0047] Preferably, said encapsulation material is a polyurethane material or a polyurea. Preferably, said polyurethane material may be a polyether-based polyurethane material.

[0048] Preferably, said encapsulation material continuously makes up at least part of said housing portion (for example, it fills at least partially the rigid body) and at least part of said base portion (in particular said coupling surface) to make the Petition 870260047426, dated 05 / 19 / 2026, page 21 / 65 / 21 said housing portion and said mutually integral base portion. More preferably, said encapsulation material entirely comprises said base portion (and said coupling surface). In this way, the two portions are made in a single piece, with the advantage of a firm interconnection between the two portions.

[0049] Preferably, said reinforcing elements are associated with or incorporated into said encapsulation material.

[0050] In an alternative embodiment, said base portion is made of a layer of elastomeric material. Typically, the elastomeric material may comprise a rubber (e.g., diene or butyl rubber) reinforced with carbon black. In this way, a material highly compatible with the materials used for the inner surface of the tire is utilized.

[0051] In one embodiment, said housing portion and said base portion are distinct from each other and are made mutually integral by bonding with structural adhesive. Preferably, the structural adhesive is selected from the following: cyanoacrylate-based adhesive, polyurethane-based adhesive, epoxy adhesive, acrylic adhesive.

[0052] Preferably, said electronic unit comprises at least one sensor for detecting at least one of the following physical quantities: temperature, pressure, acceleration, deformation; a processing unit; a transceiver.

[0053] Preferably, said at least one sensor is suitable for detecting at least two of the following physical quantities: temperature, pressure, acceleration, deformation, for example, temperature and pressure. Even more preferably, said at least one sensor is suitable for detecting at least three, or even all four, of said physical quantities. Preferably, said at least one sensor is suitable for detecting said acceleration, more preferably at least one component (axial, radial). Petition 870260047426, dated 05 / 19 / 2026, page 22 / 65 / 21 and / or tangential) of said acceleration. In this way, the monitoring device provides particularly useful data to determine the condition and / or functioning of the tire and / or the behavior of the vehicle on which it is mounted.

[0054] Preferably, said monitoring device comprises an electrical power supply connected electrically to said electronic unit.

[0055] By 'electrical power supplier' is meant a component structured to provide electrical power, whether the supplied power is pre-stored (as in accumulators, for example, batteries or capacitors) or whether the supplied power is generated and / or received on-site in real time (as for example in energy recovery devices, or 'energy harvesting', combined or not with energy accumulators).

[0056] Normally, the said supplier of electrical energy is an electrical energy accumulator, more preferably comprising a battery, for example, a button battery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

[0057] Figure 1 shows a schematic, perspective, and partial view of a tire section comprising a monitoring device according to the present invention; Figure 2 schematically shows a bottom view of the monitoring device in Figure 3; Figure 3 schematically shows a side cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the monitoring device according to the present invention applied to a part of the tire. Detailed description of some embodiments of the invention.

[0058] The features and advantages of the present invention will be further clarified by the following detailed description of some embodiments, presented as a non-limiting example of the present invention. Petition 870260047426, dated 05 / 19 / 2026, p. 23 / 65 / 21 invention, with reference to the attached figures.

[0059] In figure 1, with reference number 1, a tire (in partial perspective section) comprising a monitoring device 1 according to the present invention is shown.

[0060] Exemplarily, the monitoring device 1 comprises a housing portion 2 and a mutually integrated base portion 3, the base portion 3 having a single-piece coupling surface 4 intended to fix the monitoring device to the tire (coinciding, for example, with a base face of the base portion facing the tire), wherein a projection 5 (shown by the dashed line in figure 2) of the housing portion 2 onto the coupling surface 4 has an extension less than the coupling surface 4.

[0061] Exemplarily, the base portion 3 has a circular perimeter edge and the housing portion 2 comprises a rigid body 7 with a cylindrical shape, wherein the housing portion 2 is arranged exemplarily at the central position of the base portion (and of the coupling surface 4). Exemplarily, an axis 100 of the rigid body 7 passes through a center (not shown) of the base portion 3. Exemplarily (Figures 2 and 3) the projection 5 of the housing portion 2 coincides with a projection of the rigid body 7.

[0062] For example, the monitoring device 1 comprises an electronic unit 8, shown schematically in figure 3, housed in the housing portion 2. For example, the rigid body 7 is suitable for housing the electronic unit.

[0063] For example, the monitoring device 1 comprises an electrical power supply 11 (For example, a button battery) electrically connected to the electronic unit 8.

[0064] For example, the monitoring device 1 comprises an encapsulation material 9 (for example, a material of Petition 870260047426, dated 05 / 19 / 2026, page 24 / 65 / 21 polyurethane) which continuously incorporates at least part of the housing portion 2, enclosing the power supply 11 and at least partially the electronic unit 8 and fully the base portion 3 (and the coupling surface 4) to make the housing portion and the base portion mutually integral. Exemplarily (not shown) the encapsulation material is poured in fluid form into the rigid body 7 to incorporate, after solidification, at least partially the electronic unit 8 and the power supply 11 and to incorporate the base portion.

[0065] For example, base portion 3 comprises a plurality of reinforcing elements (not shown) incorporated into the encapsulation material (at least in the base portion).

[0066] The monitoring device shown exemplarily in Figure 3 is of the type described in detail in document WO2019 / 123118A1 on behalf of the same Applicant.

[0067] In an alternative embodiment (not shown), the monitoring device may be of the type described in document WO2018 / 065846A1 on behalf of the same Applicant. In this embodiment, the base portion is made of a layer of elastomeric material (normally comprising a carbon black reinforced rubber), and the housing portion and the base portion are distinct from each other and are made mutually integral by bonding with structural adhesive (for example, selected from the following: cyanoacrylate-based adhesive, polyurethane-based adhesive, epoxy adhesive, acrylic adhesive).

[0068] For example, electronic unit 8 comprises at least one sensor (not shown) for detecting at least one of the following physical quantities: temperature, pressure, acceleration, deformation; a processing unit (not shown); a transceiver (not shown). The structure and / or operation of these components will not be described further, as they are substantially known (see, for example, the two documents above). Petition 870260047426, dated 05 / 19 / 2026, page 25 / 65 / 21 mentioned WO2019 / 123118A1 and WO2018 / 065846A1).

[0069] For example, the monitoring device 1 is fixed to an inner surface 15 of the tire 10 in a crown portion 16 of the tire 10 (i.e., the portion of the tire placed on the tread 17) by an adhesive 6 interposed between the coupling surface 4 and the inner surface 15.

[0070] For example, a first region 12 (figures 2 and 3) of the coupling surface 4 is covered by adhesive 6 and a second region 13 of the coupling surface 4, complementary to the first region 12, is free of adhesive 6.

[0071] Preferably, the second region 13 is contained within the projection 5 of the housing portion 2 onto the coupling surface 4. For example, the second region 13 has a circular shape concentric to the projection 5 of the housing portion 2, which is also circular. Exemplarily (not shown) a projection of a center of mass of the housing portion 2 onto the coupling surface 4 falls on a central position of the second region 13.

[0072] Preferably, the first region 12 and the second region 13 are continuous. For example, the first region 12 has a circular crown shape and completely encloses the second region 13.

[0073] For example, the second region 13 has a planar extent equal to approximately 80% of the projection 5 of the housing portion 2.

[0074] With reference to figure 2, it shows the subdivision of the coupling surface respectively into the first and second regions (solid line), together with the plan burdens of the projection of the housing portion (dashed line). For clarity, the extents of the adhesive 6 and the base portion 3 and the housing portion 2 of the monitoring device shown in figure 3 have been correlated by dashed lines to the surfaces in figure 2.

[0075] For example, a distance D measured along the Petition 870260047426, dated 05 / 19 / 2026, page 26 / 65 / 21 coupling surface 4 between an edge of the second region 13 and an ideal edge of the projection 5 of the housing portion 2 is equal to approximately 2.6 mm (for example, given the cylindrical symmetry of the monitoring device 1, the distance D is a constant radial distance along the entire development of the edge of the second region).

[0076] For example, adhesive 6 is a pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA), chosen from among the following: acrylic adhesive, silicone adhesive, butyl adhesive, natural rubber-based adhesive or copolymer block-based adhesive.

[0077] For example, adhesive 6 has a uniform thickness of approximately 80 µm (in Figure 3 the adhesive thickness is shown not to scale for clarity). COMPARATIVE EXAMPLES

[0078] The spatially selective bonding according to the present invention was tested by the Applicant in three different experimental contexts, described in detail below in comparative examples A, B, C and D.

[0079] For the experimental tests, monitoring devices of the type described in document WO2019 / 123118A1 were used, having a base portion diameter of 55 mm, a housing portion diameter (e.g., rigid body diameter 7) of 25 mm, and a surface extent of the second region equal to 80% of the housing portion projection.

[0080] The type of tires used were front and rear tires, produced by the same Applicant, suitable for sports vehicles.

[0081] In two of the three experimental contexts (namely for examples A and B), the results obtained by selective spatial bonding were compared with those obtained by applying a complete bond to the same type of monitoring device (i.e., 100% of the surface). Petition 870260047426, dated 05 / 19 / 2026, page 27 / 65 / 21 of coupling covered with adhesive). The type of tire used for the devices with complete bonding was the same as described above.

[0082] In example C, two spatially selective bonds according to the present invention having the same surface area of ​​the second region, differing from each other by the thickness of the adhesive applied to the bonding surface, were compared. The test performed was one of those in example A. Example A

[0083] The Applicant carried out a high-speed thermomechanical cyclic fatigue test in an indoor environment, based on the speed profiles of the GB / T certification tests (ambient temperature of 38°C - 1.7 m wheel) and ECE (ambient temperature of 25°C - 2.0 m road wheel) for Y or (Y) tires, which involves rotating the tire under conditions that simulate road application. The latter, in particular, is simulated by means of a wheel (called a road wheel) having the aforementioned diameters respectively, on which the tire is placed in contact, the tire in turn being subjected to a (constant) load.

[0084] The test involves an initial increase in tire rotation speed on a ramp and maintaining the achieved value for a first time interval and, subsequently, a step increase in speed and maintaining each speed value for a given time (in the example, 10 minutes) until reaching a speed of 300 km / h (speeds are indicated in terms of linear speeds corresponding to tire rotation).

[0085] In the present implementation, the test was intensified by continuing above 300 km / h, further increasing the speed by 10 km / h every 10 minutes until tire and / or monitoring device failure.

[0086] Table 1 below shows the comparison between the results Petition 870260047426, dated 05 / 19 / 2026, p. 28 / 65 / 21 obtained:

[0087] Table 1 Tire Type Test Type % extension second region % coupling surface covered by adhesive Adhesive thickness Result Test completion type 245 / 35R20 Pzero A (ECE) 100% 100% 300 pm 10' @ 310 km / h Monitoring device failure due to breakage / detachment 245 / 35R20 Pzero A (ECE) 100% 100% 120 pm 10' @ 320 km / h Monitoring device failure due to breakage / detachment 245 / 35R20 Pzero A (ECE) 63% 87% 120 pm 10' @ 340 km / h Tire / electronics failure 305 / 30R20 Pzero A (GB / T) 100% 100% 300 pm 10' @ 290 km / h Failure Tire / electronics failure due to tire breakage / detachment 305 / 30R20 Pzero A (GB / T) 100% 100% 120 pm 7'@300 km / h Tire / electronics failure due to tire breakage / detachment 305 / 30R20 Pzero A (GB / T) 63% 87% 120 pm 5'@310 km / h Tire / electronics failure

[0088] Experimentally, it is observed that bonding the monitoring device according to the present invention allows for higher speeds than those achieved with complete bonding of the monitoring device. It is also noted that for the tires that make up the monitoring device with spatially selective bonding, the end of the test is due to tire and / or electronics failure (e.g., due to local overheating), but not to detachment and / or breakage of the monitoring device (as occurs in cases of complete bonding). Example B

[0089] The tightness of the monitoring device bonding was evaluated by an internal validation test of the maximum homologated tire speed according to GB / T (ambient temperature 38°C wheel 1.7 m, first table) or ECE (25°C ambient temperature - wheel 2.0 m, second table) standard, which involves (using an experimental apparatus similar to that described above) increasing the speed on a ramp until reaching Petition 870260047426, dated 05 / 19 / 2026, page 29 / 65 / 21 the maximum approved linear speed of the tire type in question (example equal to 350 km / h) and the maintenance of this approved speed for a given time interval (in this case, speeds are also reported in terms of linear speeds).

[0090] Table 2 below shows a comparison between the results obtained:

[0091] Table 2 Tire Type Test Type % extension second region % coupling surface covered by adhesive Adhesive thickness Test Result Test Completion Type 245 / 35R20 Pzero B (GB / T) 100% 100% 120 pm Failure Monitoring device failure due to breakage / detachment 245 / 35R20 Pzero B (GB / T) 63% 87% 120 pm Pass - 305 / 30R20 Pzero B (GB / T) 100% 100% 120 pm Failure Monitoring device failure due to breakage / detachment 305 / 30R20 Pzero B (GB / T) 63% 87% 120 pm Pass -

[0092] The bonding method according to the present invention allows the tire containing the monitoring device to pass the test, whereas breakage and / or detachment of the monitoring device is observed in the case of complete bonding of the latter.

[0093] On the other hand, Table 3 below reports the experimental results obtained with other types of tires incorporating spatially selective bonding monitoring devices according to the present invention and subjected to the aforementioned maximum homologation speed validation test (according to the ECE standard):

[0094] 1 Table 3 Tire type Test type % extension second region % coupling surface covered by adhesive Adhesive thickness Test result Maximum speed reached [km / h] Petition 870260047426, dated 05 / 19 / 2026, page 30 / 65 / 21 Tire Type Test Type % extension second region % coupling surface covered by adhesive Adhesive thickness Test Result Maximum speed achieved [km / h] 245 / 35R20 Trofeo B (ECE) 63% 87% 120 pm Passes 340 305 / 30R20 Trofeo B (ECE) 63% 87% 120 pm Passes 340 325 / 30R21 Trofeo B (ECE) 63% 87% 120 pm Passes 350 295 / 30R20 Trofeo B (ECE) 63% 87% 120 pm Passes 340 285 / 35R20 Trofeo B (ECE) 63% 87% 120 pm Passes 340 225 / 35R19 Trofeo B (ECE) 63% 87% 120 pm Passa 340 355 / 25ZR21 PZERO B (ECE) 63% 87% 120 pm Passa 370 305 / 30R20 Prototype B (ECE) 63% 87% 120 pm Passa 390

[0095] In this case as well, the bonding methodology according to the present invention led to approval in the test for all types of used tires. Example C

[0096] The Applicant also tested the effects of varying the adhesive thickness on spatially selective bonding monitoring devices with the same extent as the second region. The internal test performed is the same as that performed in example A with GB / T certification testing.

[0097] According to the Applicant, using a thinner adhesive thickness for a given adhesive-covered surface allows for a further reduction in the aforementioned adhesive buildup phenomenon, which is believed to be the cause of the failure (e.g., detachment) of the monitoring device.

[0098] Table 4 below shows the results obtained: Petition 870260047426, dated 05 / 19 / 2026, page 31 / 65 / 21

[0099] Table 4 Tire type Test type Adhesive thickness % extension second region % coupling surface covered by adhesive Result Test completion type 305 / 30R20 Pzero A (GB / T) 120 pm 63% 87% 5'@310 km / h Tire / electronic failure 305 / 30R20 Pzero A (GB / T) 80 pm 63% 87% 7'@310 km / h Tire / electronic failure

[00100] The results show that an adhesive thickness of 80 μm allows, for a given rotation speed, to delay (by an increase of 2 minutes) the failure of the tire and / or the monitor electronics (experimentally caused by local overheating) compared to an adhesive with a thickness of 120 μm. In this case, it is also observed that the end of the test is due to the failure of the tire and / or the electronics, but not to the detachment of the monitoring device (which, possessing spatially selective bonding according to the present invention, maintains adhesion to the tire). Example D

[00101] Tires comprising spatially selective bonding monitoring devices with two different adhesive thicknesses (i.e., 80 μm and 120 μm) as tested in Example C, were also subjected by the Applicant to a fatigue test (i.e., a stress test of the tire rolling under an overload condition relative to the respective load index). The test result was positive for both tires. In particular, the tire with an adhesive thickness of 120 μm lasted 25% longer in the test than the tire with an adhesive thickness of 80 μm.

[00102] The choice of adhesive thickness may therefore depend on the intended use of the tire.For example, for a competition tire (e.g., motorsport applications) where use at very high speeds is primarily prioritized, it may be appropriate to opt for reduced adhesive thicknesses (e.g., 80 μm), while for long-term road applications, it may be convenient to choose larger adhesive thicknesses (e.g., 120 μm). Petition 870260047426, dated 05 / 19 / 2026, p. 32 / 65 / 21

[00103] In conclusion, thanks to the spatially selective bonding according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain considerable improvements in the adhesion efficiency of the monitoring device to the inner surface of the tire in terms of maximum (linear) speed achieved and / or bonding duration for a given speed, with respect to the complete bonding of the monitoring device, also shifting the causes of failure under the responsibility of the tire and / or the electronics (e.g., local overheating) and not the adhesion of the monitoring device, adhesion that remains firm in all tests performed. Petition 870260047426, dated 05 / 19 / 2026, page 33 / 65

Claims

1 / 4 CLAIMS 1. Tire (10), comprising a monitoring device (1), wherein said monitoring device (1) comprises a mutually integral housing portion (2) and base portion (3), said base portion (3) having a single-piece coupling surface (4) intended for attaching the monitoring device (1) to the tire (10), wherein a projection (5) of said housing portion (2) onto said coupling surface (4) has an extension less than said coupling surface (4), wherein said monitoring device (1) comprises an electronic unit (8) housed in said housing portion (2), wherein said monitoring device (1) is fixed to an inner surface (15) of said tire (10) on a crown portion (16) of said tire (10) by an adhesive (6) interposed between said coupling surface (4) and said inner surface (15),wherein a first region (12) of said coupling surface (4) is covered by said adhesive (6) and a second region (13) of said coupling surface (4), complementary to said first region (12), is free of adhesive (6), wherein said second region (13) is contained within said projection (5) of said housing portion (2) on said coupling surface (4), characterized in that said adhesive (6) has a thickness of less than or equal to 200 µm.

2. Tire (10), according to claim 1, characterized in that said first region (12) entirely encloses said second region (13), wherein said first region (12) is continuous, and wherein a projection of a center of mass of said housing portion (2) onto said coupling surface (4) falls on a central position of said second region (13). Petition 870260047426, dated 19 / 05 / 2026, page 34 / 65 2 / 4 3. Tire (10), according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that said housing portion (2) is arranged in a central position of said base portion (3), and in that said second region (13) is arranged in a central position of said projection (5) of said housing portion (2).

4. Tire (10), according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that said second region (13) has a plan extension greater than or equal to 45%, and less than or equal to 95%, of said projection (5) of the housing portion (2), wherein a shape of said second region (13) reproduces, with a scale factor, a shape of said projection (5) of the housing portion (2).

5. Tire (10), according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that a distance (D) measured along the coupling surface (4) between an edge of said second region (13) and an ideal edge of said projection (5) of said housing portion (2) is equal to at least 1 mm, along the entire development of said edge of the second region (13), and in that said distance is at most 5 mm.

6. Tire (10), according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that said adhesive (6) is a pressure-sensitive adhesive selected from the group: acrylic adhesive, silicone adhesive, butyl adhesive, natural rubber-based adhesive, block copolymer-based adhesive.

7. Tire (10), according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that said adhesive (6) has a thickness of less than or equal to 150 µm.

8. Tire (10), according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that said housing portion (2) comprises a rigid body (7) suitable for housing said electronic unit (8), wherein said projection (5) of the housing portion (2) Petition 870260047426, dated 19 / 05 / 2026, page 35 / 65 3 / 4 coincides with a projection of said rigid body (7), wherein said electronic unit (8) comprises at least one sensor for detecting at least one of the following physical quantities: temperature, pressure, acceleration, deformation; a processing unit;a transceiver, wherein said monitoring device (1) comprises an electrical power supply (11) electrically connected to said electronic unit (8), wherein said base portion (3) has a perimeter edge free of corners, cusps or portions with small radii of curvature, wherein said housing portion (2) has a cylindrical or prismatic shape, wherein said base portion (3) comprises a plurality of reinforcing elements comprising textile or metallic filaments or cords, wherein said filaments or cords are made of one or more of the following textile materials: aramid, rayon, polyester, nylon, Lyocell, and wherein said reinforcing elements are arranged with a density between 30 cords / dm and 500 cords / dm.

9. Tire (10), according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that said base portion (3) has a circular or oval perimeter edge, or in that said base portion (3) has a perimeter edge with a wavy tendency along a circular or oval generating line.

10. Tire (10), according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that said monitoring device (1) comprises an encapsulation material (9) that at least partially encloses said electronic unit (8), wherein said encapsulation material (9) is continuous in at least part of said housing portion (2) and at least part of said base portion (3) to render said housing portion (2) and said base portion (3) mutually integral, wherein said encapsulation material (9) is a polyurethane material or a polyurea, and wherein the reinforcing elements are associated with or incorporated into said encapsulation material (9).

11. Tire (10), according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that said base portion (3) is made of a layer of elastomeric material, wherein said housing portion (2) and said base portion (3) are distinct from each other and are made mutually integral by bonding with structural adhesive, wherein said structural adhesive is selected from the following group: cyanoacrylate-based adhesive, polyurethane-based adhesive, epoxy adhesive, acrylic adhesive.

12. Tire (10), according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that said second region (13) is continuous.

13. Tire (10), according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adhesive (6) has a uniform thickness. Petition 870260047426, dated 05 / 19 / 2026, page 37 / 65

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