A device introduced in a quick-coupling system for a work tool on a small or medium-sized tractor unit.

Abstract

This utility model introduces a quick-coupling system for a work tool on a small or medium-sized tractor unit. The present utility model belongs to the field of small or medium-sized construction and related machinery, such as excavators, graders, and others. Its main advantage over equipment known in the prior art is that it possesses a means of coupling a tool operationally associated with a tractor unit through a quick-coupling system. This eliminates the need to remove shafts, cotter pins, and split pins, which suffer deformations during operation due to mechanical phenomena such as abrasion, making their removal difficult. The present utility model also provides a considerable reduction in tool changeover time, resulting in a significant gain in the operational cost of this equipment, most of which is rented and paid for by the hour.

Description

1 / 7 “ARRANGEMENT INTRODUCED IN A QUICK COUPLING SYSTEM FOR A WORK TOOL ON A SMALL OR MEDIUM-SIZED TRACTOR UNIT” UTILITY MODEL FIELD

[0001] This utility model pertains to the field of small or medium-sized construction and related machinery, such as excavators, graders, and others. Its main advantage over equipment known in the prior art is that it possesses a means of coupling an operationally associated tool to a tractor unit through a quick-release coupling system. This eliminates the need to remove shafts, cotter pins, and split pins, which suffer deformations during operation due to mechanical phenomena such as abrasion, making their removal difficult. This utility model also provides a considerable reduction in tool changeover time, resulting in a significant gain in the operational cost of this equipment, most of which is leased and paid for by the hour. SUMMARY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0002] Small or medium-sized construction equipment is well known in the state of the art. These types of equipment include small or medium-sized excavators, used for digging trenches for foundation beams, excavating holes for swimming pools, handling construction materials, and other operations. Furthermore, this type of equipment has a small or medium-sized tractor unit that carries a mobile frame at the front, with a work tool on its lower portion, such as a bucket or a leveling shovel. Petition 870200111096, dated 01 / 09 / 2020, p. 7 / 20 2 / 7 a fork or other known and suitable tool. Therefore, the work tool is normally articulated in relation to the movable arms of the tractor unit, by means of a hydraulic cylinder or electromechanical actuator, this tool being attached to the movable frame through a set of eyelets coinciding with the two parts, these eyelets being traversed by shafts and locked at the ends by cotter pins or split pins, so that a degree of mechanical freedom is allowed for the work tool to make the articulation described above.

[0003] However, to change the type of work tool used, it is necessary to remove the shafts and, respectively, the various cotter pins, as well as the counterpins, so this action requires about twenty to thirty minutes to replace a single work tool, and in some constructions the tools are replaced dozens of times during a workday, which consequently generates a very high cost, since this type of equipment is rented by the hour.

[0004] There is also the aggravating factor that the axle, cotter pin or split pin can be lost or damaged by impact with walls, piles of bricks, among others, making it necessary to replace the axle or split pin, causing the equipment to be out of service for hours, thus further increasing the operating cost and expenses with the rental of the equipment.

[0005] That being said, semi-automatic engagement methods are known in the state of the art, where the operator removes a smaller number of shafts and their locks, in which there is a kind of cushion for the work tool shaft in the support, Petition 870200111096, dated 01 / 09 / 2020, p. 8 / 20 3 / 7 being locked at only one end, however, this type of construction does little to change the disadvantages described above, since it remains susceptible to loss of the tool's engagement parts, along with the small or medium-sized tractor unit to which it is operationally attached.

[0006] Thus, the objective of the present utility model is to provide an arrangement introduced in a quick-coupling system for a work tool on a small or medium-sized tractor unit, which has a coupling system from a mechanical assembly, without the use of removable shafts or cotter pins, interlocking the parts that require disassembly of the assembly.

[0007] Furthermore, the objective of the present utility model is to provide an arrangement introduced in a quick-coupling system for a work tool on a small or medium-sized tractor unit, which drastically reduces the time for changing work tools.

[0008] Finally, the objective of the present invention is to provide an arrangement introduced in a quick-coupling system for a work tool on a small or medium-sized tractor unit, which is easy to construct, maintain, and has competitive costs.

[0009] These and other advantages and benefits are achieved by providing a quick-coupling arrangement for a work tool on a small or medium-sized tractor unit, equipped with a support mounted at the end of the tractor unit's movable frame, this support being secured by means of at least one movable locking shaft, which provides it with Petition 870200111096, dated 01 / 09 / 2020, page 9 / 20 4 / 7 one degree of mechanical freedom for the articulation of the work tool, or the tool assembly during operation.

[00010] In the lower portion of the support, there is a locking element arranged in a fixedly movable manner in a notch in the support, this locking element being tensioned by an elastic support means, such as a torsion spring, for example, and, for the replacement of the tool, the tension on this spring is relieved by a lever, moving the lock to an inoperative position. PREFERRED CONFIGURATION

[00011] The present utility model will be better described based on the attached figures, given as an example of a possible idealization, in which:

[00012] Figure 01 - Represents a front perspective view of the arrangement introduced in a quick coupling system, of a work tool on a small or medium-sized tractor unit, object of the present utility model, with an operatively associated work tool;

[00013] Figure 02 - Represents a front perspective view of the arrangement introduced in a quick coupling system, of a work tool on a small or medium-sized tractor unit, object of the present utility model, with an operatively associated work tool;

[00014] Figure 03 - Represents a side plan view of the arrangement introduced in a quick coupling system, of a work tool in a tractor unit. Petition 870200111096, dated 01 / 09 / 2020, page 10 / 20 5 / 7 of small or medium size, object of the present utility model, in an operating position;

[00015] Figure 04 - Represents a top plan view of the arrangement introduced in a quick coupling system, of a work tool on a small or medium-sized tractor unit, object of the present utility model, in an inoperative position. PREFERRED CONFIGURATION

[00016] Based on the drawings and figures above, the present utility model comprises an arrangement introduced in a quick coupling system, of a work tool in a small or medium-sized tractor unit, being equipped with a support (01), which has means of engagement in a movable frame of a small or medium-sized tractor unit (not shown), this engagement being made by means of a set of eyelets coinciding with the eyelets of the movable frame of the tractor unit, being traversed by at least one shaft common to the two parts, which receives at its ends some means of mechanical locking, through non-permanent joining means, such as pins and cotter pins.

[00017] This support consists of two plates (02a-02b) arranged side by side and spaced apart, so that the upper part can receive the end of the movable frame of the small or medium-sized tractor unit, and in the center of the two plates, there is a third plate (03) with longitudinal projection in relation to the direction of operation of the work tool. In the lower portion of plate (03) there is a locking mechanism, consisting of an oblong hole (04), common and concentric to the two plates (02a). Petition 870200111096, dated 01 / 09 / 2020, p. 11 / 20 6 / 7 02b), this hole housing a first support shaft for a work tool (f), operatively associated with a small or medium-sized tractor unit. On the opposite side of the oblong hole in the plates (02a-02b) is a notch (05), which forms a slide for a lock, constructed from a plate (06), arranged in a fixed movable position, so that this lock is compressed by an elastic support element, such as a torsion bar for example, associated with a lock, this assembly being mounted on a shaft, forming an operating position that keeps the shafts of the work tool within the perimeter of the support.

[00018] On a second axis there is a lever (07) mounted, which has at one of its ends a rotating extension, which, when activated, enters the perimeter of the elastic support element, relieving the tension on plate (06), so that this plate moves to an inoperative position, providing the release of the work tool axes from its perimeter.

[00019] On the portion of the lever opposite the extension, there is a terminal for attaching an actuating arm, which, according to the figures, consists of a T-shaped key.

[00020] In a second constructive form, applicable to larger equipment, the change from operating to inoperable state occurs through an electromagnetic actuation means, where an electromagnet, a coil, is energized, applying an electrical pulse that decompresses the tension exerted by the elastic support medium by an electrical pulse. In another constructive form, there is an electric motor, such as a stepper motor, for linear displacement of the Petition 870200111096, dated 01 / 09 / 2020, page 12 / 20 7 / 7 plate (06) of the locking mechanism, causing the extension that locks it to have mechanical freedom so that plate (06) can move along the slide.

[00021] Although not described or represented in detail in the figures accompanying this descriptive report, it should be understood that this bearing and locking can be done through known and suitable means, such as pins, cotter pins and split pins, whose bearing and locking themselves are not the subject of this utility model.

[00022] Also, although only three constructive forms have been described for the arrangement introduced in a quick coupling system, of a work tool in a small or medium-sized tractor unit, object of the present utility model, it should be understood that eventual changes in forms and arrangements may occur without departing from the scope of one or more claims that accompany this descriptive report. Petition 870200111096, dated 01 / 09 / 2020, page 13 / 20

Claims

1 / 2 CLAIMS 1. ARRANGEMENT INTRODUCED IN A QUICK COUPLING SYSTEM FOR A WORK TOOL ON A SMALL OR MEDIUM-SIZED TRACTOR UNIT, equipped with a support (01), which has means of engagement with the axles of a mobile frame, of a small or medium-sized tractor unit, characterized by the fact that the support (01) is composed of two plates (02a-02b), arranged side by side and spaced apart by means of a third plate (03) with longitudinal projection, wherein in the lower portion of this plate (03) there is an oblong hole (04) and, in the portion opposite the hole, a notch (05) that houses a sliding plate (06), said notch being compressed by an elastic support element, such as a torsion spring mounted on a shaft, a second shaft carrying, in a manner bearing, a rotary extension that decompresses the elastic thrust element, by means of actuating a lever (07).

2. A DISPOSITION INTRODUCED IN A QUICK COUPLING SYSTEM FOR A WORK TOOL ON A SMALL OR MEDIUM-SIZED TRACTOR UNIT, which, according to claim 1, is characterized by the fact that the actuation is carried out by an electromagnetic means, such as an electromagnet or a coil energized by an electric pulse. Petition 870200111096, dated 01 / 09 / 2020, page 14 / 20 2 / 2 3. DISPOSITION INTRODUCED IN A QUICK COUPLING SYSTEM OF A WORK TOOL IN A SMALL OR MEDIUM-SIZED TRACTOR UNIT which, according to claim 01, is characterized by the fact that the actuation is carried out by an electric motor that linearly moves the locking mechanism through the plate (06). Petition 870200111096, dated 01 / 09 / 2020, page 15 / 20

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