Constructive arrangement applied in light concrete structural brick

Description

CONSTRUCTIONAL ARRANGEMENT APPLIED TO LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE STRUCTURAL BRICK Technological sector of the utility model

[01] In general, the present constructive arrangement belongs to the technological sector of civil construction and refers, more specifically, to a lightweight concrete structural brick, in which the lightweight concrete brick, made of EPS (Expanded Polystyrene), was developed to be used in structural masonry buildings, where there is no need to execute pillars to support the structure or simple masonry for sealing, and can replace traditional solid and hollow structural ceramic bricks. Known state of the art

[02] Given the current scenario in the construction industry in our country, where there has been a reduction in demand, mainly in the southern region, increasing market competitiveness due to price reductions, there is an even greater need to create new products to stand out in the market. Based on this, the lightweight structural concrete brick was developed, an innovative product in the area of ​​cement products.

[03] Products currently known in the state of the art, of the type ceramic structural bricks, are manufactured by means of an extrusion machine and structural concrete block manufactured in a vibro-press, resulting in blocks that are more fragile, or dependent on a series of additives and manufacturing processes that make them expensive and inconvenient.

[04] Note also that ceramic materials and structural concretes in general lack desirable properties for this type of material, such as thermal insulation, acoustic insulation, moisture resistance and weight (unit mass).

[05] That said, there are also some alternatives that represent the current state of the art and that are described in patent documents. Some examples can be seen in the case of document no. PI0803983-6 “ECOLOGICAL BRICK BASED ON RECYCLED PET BOTTLES AND STYROFOAM” Petition 870250008213, dated 01 / 31 / 2025, p. 19 / 28 Figure 2 / 6 reveals an artifact constructed from recycled material (PET bottles) with compressed air, combined with recycled polystyrene (styrofoam) and supplemented with sand, cement, and water. It is a substitute for masonry walls, boasting a distinct advantage marked by its low cost, lightness, and thermal-acoustic insulation in environments subject to these undesirable effects. Its technical characteristics of support, mechanical resistance, and lightness make it a strong competitor in the quest to replace conventional bricks with blocks manufactured from recycled PET bottles and styrofoam, as it is an environmentally friendly option. Considering that its design has recesses, it is possible to erect the wall without requiring the use of mortar between the blocks of secondary courses; that is, mortar is only required in the first course.Beyond its technical attributes, it also has the merit of making a significant contribution to the environment, as it is an artifact developed from disposable raw material that was previously ignored as a basic input in the production of items on the list of materials needed to undertake masonry constructions of all imaginable sizes.

[06] Note that the aforementioned technology cannot be reproduced on a large scale due to its rudimentary manufacturing process. Furthermore, it uses EPS in its composition, but depends on the use of PET bottles for weight reduction, unlike the invention in question.

[07] There is also document BR202018075115-3 “IMPROVEMENT INTRODUCED IN EXPANDABLE POLYSTYRENE BRICK WITH RING INTERLOCKING” which discloses an expandable polystyrene brick with ring interlocking, whose function is to be part of the building's structural system or simply a sealing element, consisting of a rectangular expandable polystyrene brick with rings, in expandable polystyrene, centered along its upper length, holes centered along its lower length and aligned vertically with the rings, on the sides it has channels to facilitate the fitting of horizontal pieces, central holes Petition 870250008213, dated 01 / 31 / 2025, page 20 / 28 3 / 6 of the top part to the bottom part, located in the center of the brick between the holes, for material economy and passage of iron bars; the product is manufactured symmetrically to receive other pieces of any size and dimension, for proper fitting, this process consists of pieces that fit together one by one, without the need for any type of glue for sealing and can be used for a common sealing system or even as a structural element.

[08] Similarly, although it uses EPS, it is a block and not a brick, this piece being entirely composed of expanded polystyrene, unlike the invention in question.

[09] Finally, the document BR202018003115-0 “ECOLOGICAL BRICK PRODUCED WITH RECYCLABLE MATERIALS AND LATOSOL SOIL” stands out, revealing an ecological brick made of recyclable materials and latosol, characterized as being an adobe-type brick composed of sandy soil, construction waste, selectively collected urban waste (EPS and polyethylene terephthalate - PET), lime and waste from alcohol plants.

[010] This prior art consists of an ecological brick, made without cement, which can only be used in non-cement masonry due to its strength. Note that, similarly to the prior art above, it cannot be reproduced on a large scale due to its rudimentary manufacturing process.

[011] Thus, given all the drawbacks of the systems and equipment currently used, described above in the state of the art, a gap is evident in the creation of a lightweight concrete structural brick, in which the brick is made of EPS (Expanded Polystyrene) and is used in structural masonry buildings, where there is no need to execute pillars to support the structure or simple masonry walls, and can replace traditional solid and hollow structural ceramic bricks. Petition 870250008213, dated 01 / 31 / 2025, p. 21 / 28 4 / 6 New features and objectives of the utility model.

[012] The manufacturing process used for the brick now proposed consists of using vibro-pressing by a hydraulic vibro-press machine, in a manner similar to the manufacture of interlocking blocks and paving stones, already known in the state of the art, in which concrete is compacted and molded through vibration and pressure, resulting in a high quality and strength product with greater speed.

[013] The brick now revealed is basically composed of lightweight concrete, consisting of Portland cement CP V-ARI RS, medium natural sand, industrial sand (stone dust), crushed recycled EPS (Expanded Polystyrene), water, plasticizing additive, and its height may vary by three millimeters more or less, as well as its weight, as well as its resistance, which may present variations, provided that it maintains the minimum compressive strength of 6 MPa.

[014] With the aim of remedying the shortcomings of the current state of the art highlighted above, the present invention patent aims to propose a lightweight concrete structural brick, in which the lightweight concrete brick, made of EPS (Expanded Polystyrene), was developed to be used in structural masonry buildings, where there is no need to execute pillars to support the structure or simple masonry for sealing, and can replace traditional solid and hollow structural ceramic bricks. Description of the attached drawings

[015] In order for the present constructive arrangement to be fully understood and put into practice by any technician in this technological sector, it will be described in a clear, concise and sufficient manner, based on the attached drawings, which illustrate and support it, listed below:

[016] Figure 1 represents a perspective of the lightweight concrete structural brick, highlighting its constructability.

[017] Figure 2 represents a lightweight concrete structural brick after the manufacturing process. Petition 870250008213, dated 01 / 31 / 2025, page 22 / 28 5 / 6 Detailed description of the utility model

[018] The manufacturing process used for the brick (1) consists of the vibro-pressing stage (A) by a hydraulic vibro-press machine, in a manner similar to the manufacture of interlocking blocks and paving stones, already known in the state of the art, in which the concrete is compacted and molded through vibration and pressure.

[019] After the parts are molded by the vibro-press machine in step A, they are subjected to the curing process (B) for a preferred period of up to three days, and are subsequently palletized (C) and taken to the stock (D).

[020] The brick (1) is composed of lightweight concrete (2) specially developed to provide the parameters now desired, having, in an exemplary form of execution, dimensions of 11.5 cm wide, 24 cm long and 11 cm high. Also exemplarily, in the vertical direction of the brick, six oblong holes (3) of 2.5x5 cm were added so that it was possible to reduce its final weight.

[021] Still in a preferred form of execution, 1m3 of the lightweight concrete described herein is preferably composed of Portland cement CP V-ARI RS, in a quantity of 178 kg, medium natural sand, in a quantity of 495 kg, industrial sand in a quantity of 277 kg, EPS in a quantity of 2.3 kg, water in a quantity of 90 L, plasticizing additive in a quantity of 890 ml, resulting in a total mass of 1,044 kg.

[022] The brick (1) preferably has the following dimensions: 11.5 cm wide, 24 cm long and 11 cm high. In the vertical direction, 6 oblong holes of 2.5x5cm each are additionally inserted in order to reduce the weight of the piece.

[023] In this preferred form, the brick has a surface area of ​​203.9305cm2 and a volume of 2,243.2355cm3, with an average weight, for these dimensions, of 4.070 kg.

[024] Below, see Table 1, which shows the advances of the material (lightweight concrete) described herein in relation to the state of the art (ceramic and conventional concrete): Petition 870250008213, dated 01 / 31 / 2025, pages 23 / 28 6 / 6 Brick Temperature (°C)* Decibels (dB) Water Absorption (%) Ceramic 36 77 15.39 Conventional Concrete 36 78 6.58 Lightweight Concrete 34 76 2.92 *Recorded at 3 PM on a sunny day Table 1 - Thermal and acoustic comparison

Claims

1 - CONSTRUCTION ARRANGEMENT APPLIED TO LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE STRUCTURAL BRICK which comprises the process of vibro-pressing (A), curing (B) for a preferred time of up to three days, palletizing (C) and storage (D), the brick (1) being composed of lightweight concrete (2) characterized by the lightweight concrete (2) being composed of Portland cement CP V-ARI RS, natural medium sand, industrial sand, EPS, water and plasticizing additive. 2 - CONSTRUCTION ARRANGEMENT APPLIED TO LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE STRUCTURAL BRICK as per claim 1, and further characterized by being Portland cement CP V-ARI RS added in a quantity of 178 kg, medium natural sand in a quantity of 495 kg, industrial sand in a quantity of 277 kg, EPS in a quantity of 2.3 kg, water in a quantity of 90 L, and plasticizing additive in a quantity of 890 ml. 3 - CONSTRUCTIONAL ARRANGEMENT APPLIED TO LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE STRUCTURAL BRICK as per claim 1, and further characterized by the total mass weight of the brick (1) being 1,044 kg. 4 - CONSTRUCTION ARRANGEMENT APPLIED TO LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE STRUCTURAL BRICK as per claim 1, and further characterized by being a brick (1) having a width of 11.5 cm, a length of 24 cm and a height of 11 cm. 5 - CONSTRUCTION ARRANGEMENT APPLIED TO LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE STRUCTURAL BRICK as per claim 1, characterized by the brick (1) having six oblong holes of 2.5x5cm in the vertical direction. 6 - CONSTRUCTION ARRANGEMENT APPLIED TO LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE STRUCTURAL BRICK as per claim 1, characterized by the brick (1) having a surface area of ​​203.9305cm2 and a volume of 2,243.2355cm3, with an average weight of 4.070 kg.

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