Construction arrangement applied to a drainage spout with adjustment for grain silos.

Description

/ 6 Construction arrangement applied to a drainage spout with adjustment for grain silos. TECHNICAL FIELD

[001] This utility model patent application belongs to the mechanical engineering and cargo transport segment, specifically, it concerns a grain discharge spout equipped with a mechanism for regulating the closing force. The introduction of this utility model in grain trailers promotes safe loading of bulk product, preventing leakage and grain loss. The closing pressure control of this model is performed by a single handle and nut, ensuring quick, practical and efficient operation. HISTORY OF THE TECHNIQUE

[002] Road transport of grains has evolved since the 19th century, when cargo was moved in animal-drawn carts and rudimentary wagons. Until the 1950s, grains were transported in sacks, but with increased production, grain trucks emerged, especially from the 1970s onwards. This change reduced costs and sped up the flow of the harvest, becoming the predominant model to this day.

[003] With the advancement of agricultural mechanization and the increase in grain production, the need for specialized vehicles arose. It was then that the first grain trucks began to be developed, equipped with open bodies and tarpaulins for protection. Although they represented an advance, there were still challenges, such as losses during transit and difficulty in unloading.

[004] The introduction of enclosed grain transport implements, such as silo trailers and road trains with discharge hatches, revolutionized the sector. These vehicles allowed for the safe transport of larger volumes, reducing waste and optimizing logistics. Discharge nozzles underwent improvements, adopting Petition 870250015861, dated 26 / 02 / 2025, page 5 / 18 / 6 more precise closing methods and resistant materials, such as reinforced steel, to increase durability and efficiency.

[005] Currently, the transportation of bulk products faces challenges such as losses during transit, premature wear of sealing mechanisms, and operational risks. Improvements in materials, ergonomic designs, and sealing technologies are fundamental to optimizing flow, reducing waste, and increasing the lifespan of equipment. State of the Art Analysis

[006] Research conducted in specialized databases revealed documents relating to grain discharge nozzles and spouts, such as document no. MU 8500981-4, which deals with a BULK DISCHARGE NOZZLE. Comprising a base (9) where a lid (8) is articulated, which is locked by a lever (1). Fixed to the vehicle or machine, it serves to discharge transported products anywhere, eliminating the need for tipping. Its innovative design in rust-resistant material and its design ensure that it does not contaminate the load, as well as preventing waste of the transported product.

[007] Document No. BR 102023017498-1 concerning a DRAINAGE OPENING, MANUFACTURING PROCESS FOR A DRAINAGE OPENING, AND A CARGO TRANSPORT VEHICLE. The present invention describes a drainage opening that can be associated with the floor of a vehicle that transports bulk cargo, its manufacturing process, and a vehicle that transports bulk cargo with the drainage opening in its cargo box. Specifically, the present invention presents a drainage opening with optimized geometry, which promotes greater ergonomics in handling by a user, promotes modularization for easy fitting with floor geometry, and also prevents the accumulation of grains in undesirable areas that could interfere with the closing of the drainage opening. The present invention is situated in the fields of mechanical engineering, focused on structures applied in commercial vehicles, such as road implements and bulk cargo transport. Petition 870250015861, dated 26 / 02 / 2025, page 6 / 18 / 6

[008] Although we find the present documents available on the market, and they are within the same field of application, they do not present solutions for adjusting the closing force. This characteristic represents a limitation of the products and potential losses, both for the efficiency of the transport and for the integrity of the mechanisms.

[009] The lack of pressure regulation leaves grain trailers exposed to leakage and grain loss, due to the absence of the necessary force to contain the weight of the load. This also leads to premature wear of the nozzle closures, as the lids are subjected to high weight, increasing maintenance costs and requiring complete replacement of parts.

[010] Document No. MU 7700378-0, which deals with a BULK PRODUCT DISCHARGE OUTLET, consisting of a circular base (1) limited by an inner diameter (2) and an outer diameter (3), the inner diameter being coupled to the rear tubular outlet (4) of the tank to be discharged, while on the opposite side or face said base (1) has a sealing plane (5) against which a circular cover (6) is applied with a gripping handle (7) attached to a chain (8), the other end of which is fixed (9) to the outer diameter of the base (1), where there are L-shaped claws (10) with one end radially turned inwards and parallel to the cover (6), giving the latter adequate locking against lateral movements, however, the axial closing pressure of the same against the sealing surface defined by the rings (5) is carried out by means of articulated fasteners (11), and, furthermore, when using the outlet in question, it is sufficient to release the fasteners (11) and, in place of said lid (6),The flange (F) of the conveyor tube (T) is fitted, and the assembly is ready for operation.

[011] Although the aforementioned document presents a pressure control mechanism on the nozzle cap, the solution still has aspects that can compromise the efficiency and safety of grain transport and unloading. The outlet opening is equipped with three joints responsible for closing, each with an adjustment screw, which makes the task of opening and closing the cap difficult. Petition 870250015861, dated 26 / 02 / 2025, page 7 / 18 / 6 efficient and slow, since the tightening must be done uniformly, requiring more preparation time.

[012] In addition to this, the presence of a chain connecting the nozzle to the lid can represent a risk to both operators and the transport of grains. Because it hangs down, it can get tangled when swinging, causing accidents, and its links can break, opening the mechanism and compromising the safety and integrity of the load.

[013] Thus, it is a fact that the documents cited in the paragraphs above, despite belonging to the same field of application, do not present any of the characteristics of the object now improved, thus guaranteeing that it meets the legal requirements for patentability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION

[014] Taking into account all the problems that have been presented in the state of the art, the inventor, who has notorious knowledge of the sector, created and developed the aforementioned CONSTRUCTION ARRANGEMENT APPLIED TO A DISCHARGE SPOUT WITH ADJUSTMENT FOR GRAIN CARRIERS'', which aims to provide greater transport safety and practicality in grain unloading.

[015] The objective of the present utility model is to present a grain discharge spout, equipped with a force regulation mechanism. The introduction of the present utility model in grain trailers promotes safe loading of the bulk product, preventing leakage and grain loss. In addition, its robust construction with metallic components avoids wear and premature replacement, compared to conventional nozzle models produced entirely with polymeric materials.

[016] The closing pressure control of this model is achieved with a single handle and a nut which, when screwed in, increases the closing force, and, when loosened, reduces the pressure, allowing for precise adjustment as needed. The device has an ergonomic support that facilitates adjustment and Petition 870250015861, dated 26 / 02 / 2025, page 8 / 18 / 6 tightening, in addition to opening and closing the lid. This configuration allows the application of the ideal force for different types of loading, avoiding overloading the spout and ensuring greater durability and safety of the grains.

[017] The aforementioned utility model takes into account not only the mechanical and functional qualities, but also the form, arrangement and strategic location of its parts and components which, when correctly positioned, brought about an increase in efficiency without incurring any burden on the users. DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

[018] To complement the present description in order to obtain a better understanding of the characteristics of the aforementioned patent application and in accordance with a preferred practical embodiment thereof, a set of drawings is attached to the description, where, in an exemplary, though not limiting, manner, its operation is represented: Fig. 1 shows a top perspective view of the present drainage spout; Fig. 2 shows a top perspective view of the present utility model; Fig. 3 shows an exploded top perspective view of the present drainage spout; Fig. 4 illustrates the open spout hatch in a top perspective; Fig. 5 shows a top view of the open hatch; and Fig. 6 illustrates a bottom view of the spout installed on a grain trailer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[019] With reference to the illustrated drawings, the present utility model refers to the CONSTRUCTIONAL ARRANGEMENT APPLIED TO A DRAINAGE SPOUT Petition 870250015861, dated 26 / 02 / 2025, p. 9 / 18 / 6 WITH ADJUSTMENT FOR GRAIN CARRIER, more precisely a grain discharge spout (1) for a transport vehicle (2).

[020] The spout (1) consists of a metal nozzle (3), which has fixed bases (4). It has an axis (5), allowing articulation and opening of the hatch (6). In addition, it has two parallel supports (7), reinforced with ribs (8), where the handlebar-shaped pin (9) fits, connected to the handle (10) and the nut (11) for adjusting the closing pressure.

[021] The hatch (6), also made with two structures, one made of polymer and the other metallic, is equipped with two structures (12) arranged in parallel, designed for the passage of the safety latch (13) of the metallic lever (14). Its extensions (15) allow the articulation of the mechanism by means of the axis (5).

[022] The metal lever (14) has, at its end near the handle (10), a locking pin (16) that prevents the unwanted opening of the hatch (6). In addition, its sides are reinforced with rods (17), giving greater structural strength and durability to the assembly.

[023] It is understood that when the present utility model is put into practice, modifications may be introduced with regard to certain details of construction and form, without this implying a departure from the fundamental principles that are clearly substantiated in the claims, it being understood that the terminology used was not intended to be limiting. Petition 870250015861, dated 26 / 02 / 2025, page 10 / 18

Claims

CLAIMS 1) CONSTRUCTION ARRANGEMENT APPLIED TO A DRAINAGE SPOUT WITH ADJUSTMENT FOR GRAIN CARRIER, projects a grain discharge spout (1) for a transport vehicle (2); composed of a nozzle (3) with fixed bases (4) and a hatch articulation axis (5) (6); the hatch (6) is equipped with two parallel structures (12) designed for the passage of the safety lock (13) of the lever (14); contains extensions (15) that allow articulation of the mechanism by means of the axis (5); has a locking pin (16); the said lever (14) has reinforcing rods (17) on its sides; characterized by having in the nozzle (3) two parallel supports (7), reinforced with ribs (8), where the handlebar-shaped pin (9) fits, connected to the handle (10) and the adjustment nut (11); having at the end of the lever (14). Petition 870250015861, dated 26 / 02 / 2025, p. 11 / 18

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