Modular furnace for grain dryer.

Description

1 / 5 Modular furnace for grain dryer. Technical sector

[001] The present utility model belongs to the technical sector of grain processing and refers more specifically to a new constructive arrangement introduced in a modular furnace for feeding a grain dryer, which facilitates the assembly of the installation, reducing costs and saving time. State of the art

[002] Drying is a process of great importance for grain storage, as it reduces the water content to adequate levels, maintaining the physiological, nutritional, and chemical quality and a good visual appearance of the grain, in addition to preventing the development of fungi and bacteria.

[003] One of the main processes used by cereal processing plants is mechanized drying in equipment specifically designed for this purpose, using fuels, with firewood being the most commonly used solid fuel, which generates heat to treat a certain amount of air carried away by the dryers' exhaust fans, promoting the drying of the grains.

[004] The wood-fired furnace must be designed for complete, efficient, and continuous combustion of fuel. To this end, the furnace must consist of a combustion chamber formed by a grate, primary and secondary air intake openings, and an ash pan.

[005] One of the drawbacks of this type of furnace concerns the construction method, since the construction is complex, requiring the use of a masonry structure with steel profiles, chambers of different sizes with internal and external brick lining, as well as feeding doors and louvers distributed in pre-determined locations in the design. This construction is costly, time-consuming and requires specialized labor.

[006] Patent document BR 20 2015 010001 -4 describes a constructive arrangement in drying equipment applied in the grain drying system. Petition 870260056617, dated 11 / 06 / 2026, page 16 / 38 2 / 5 The design presents the disadvantage of being complex and time-consuming to construct, as it has a masonry structure with internal walls made of insulating refractory bricks and external walls made of common insulating bricks.

[007] Patent document BR 20 2023 014056-0 refers to a furnace for heating grain drying systems, which has a chassis, grate reinforcement ring, central grate support, internal lining, furnace cap, grates, refractory bricks, doors, external lining, external lining fixing ring, smaller reinforcement ring and air outlet; with a swivel. The furnace has the disadvantage of being complex and time-consuming to build, as it has a masonry structure with internal walls made of insulating refractory bricks and external walls made of common insulating bricks.

[008] In this context, it is necessary to develop a modular furnace for drying grains, which facilitates the assembly of the installation, reducing costs and saving time. Novelty and objective of the proposed model.

[009] The new constructive arrangement introduced in a modular furnace for feeding a grain dryer, proposed by the present utility model, effectively resolves the limitations of the prior art previously mentioned.

[010] The modular furnace is made of rigid plates, for example of concrete, and allows for quick and practical assembly of the installation, reducing construction costs and waste generation. The modular plates are prefabricated in, for example, concrete in the industry and transported after curing to the construction site where the furnace is assembled. A metal structure consolidates the modular concrete plates, giving rigidity to the furnace.

[011] It is also possible to use the furnace modules to carry out expansions and renovations in existing dryer installations, improving system performance without having to purchase new equipment.

[012] The afterburner chamber is equipped with plates, for example metal ones, that form deflectors and have lower and upper openings for Petition 870260056617, dated 11 / 06 / 2026, p. 17 / 38 3 / 5 increase the efficiency of suppressing incandescent particles resulting from biomass combustion.

[013] The air mixing chamber is equipped with plates, for example metal plates that form deflectors with alternating lower and upper or central and lateral openings to increase the efficiency of mixing the hot gases with the ambient air that feeds the grain dryer. Functional improvement of the proposed model

[014] The new constructive arrangement introduced in the modular furnace of the utility model results in the following functional improvements: - It facilitates the assembly of the furnace for drying grains; - Reduces furnace assembly time, resulting in a shorter construction period on the site; - It allows for the development and adherence to a construction schedule with minimal weather interference; - It allows for greater accuracy in sizing the structure and quality control, since the design and production of the modules is carried out in an industrial environment; - Allows for the creation of customized projects according to the user's needs and available space; - Reduces assembly costs and waste generation in the construction industry; - It eliminates the need for specialized labor to assemble the furnace. List of attached drawings

[015] In order for the present model to be fully understood and put into practice by any technician in this technological sector, it is described in a clear, precise and sufficient manner, based on the attached drawings, listed below, which illustrate ways of carrying out the modular furnace for feeding a grain dryer: Figure 1 - Perspective view of the modular furnace; Figure 2 - Top perspective view of the modular furnace in horizontal section; Figure 3 - Top perspective view of the modular furnace in horizontal section; Petition 870260056617, dated 11 / 06 / 2026, page 18 / 38 4 / 5 Figure 4 - Exploded perspective view of the modular furnace; Figure 5 - Vertical cross-sectional perspective view of the modular furnace whose mixing chamber has baffles forming alternating vertical openings; Figure 6 - Vertical cross-sectional perspective view of the modular furnace of a constructive option for the mixing chamber with baffles forming alternating horizontal openings; Figure 7 - Vertical cross-sectional perspective view of the modular furnace of another construction option for the mixing chamber with baffles with flanges forming alternating horizontal and vertical openings. Model description

[016] Figure 1 illustrates the new constructive arrangement introduced in a modular furnace which consists of rigid external plates, for example of concrete, being formed by a combustion chamber (1), post-combustion chamber (2), air mixing chamber (3), metal structure (4) supporting the rigid external plates, for example of concrete and metal roof (5).

[017] Figures 2, 3, 4 and 5 detail the modular furnace which has a combustion chamber (1) consisting of refractory walls (11) and rigid outer plates, for example concrete (17) that line the chamber. Between the refractory walls (11) and the rigid outer plates (17) are arranged thermal insulation blocks, such as ceramic fiber (18). The combustion chamber (1) has biomass feed openings (12), a fixed grate (15) supported by feet (14), an ash extraction opening (13) and an upper opening (16) for the passage of combustion gases to the post-combustion chamber (2).

[018] The afterburner chamber (2) is formed by rigid outer plates, for example concrete (21) which are lined internally by ceramic fiber panels (24) supported by a metal structure (25) positioned on its outer side. To optimize the suppression of incandescent sparks, deflector plates (22) are arranged which form alternating upper and lower openings (23) for the passage of gases to the mixing chamber (3). Petition 870260056617, dated 11 / 06 / 2026, page 19 / 38 5 / 5

[019] The mixing chamber (3) is formed by rigid outer plates, for example concrete (31) lined internally with ceramic fiber panels (34) supported by a metal structure (35) positioned on its outer side. To optimize the mixing of hot gases with ambient air, deflector plates, for example metal (32) are arranged, which are positioned in such a way as to form alternating central and lateral vertical openings. Ambient air enters the mixing chamber (3) through louvered windows (33).

[020] The metal structure (4) for consolidating the rigid external plates, for example concrete (17, 21 and 31) of the modular furnace is formed by profile columns (41), intermediate horizontal bands (42) and upper horizontal bands (43).

[021] The modular furnace is covered on top by a metal roof (5) covered on the bottom by ceramic fiber panels (51).

[022] Figure 6 details a constructive option of the air mixing chamber (3) whose deflector plates, for example metallic (32) are arranged in such a way as to form alternating upper and lower horizontal openings.

[023] Figure 7 details another constructive option of the air mixing chamber (3) whose deflector plates (32) are arranged in such a way as to form alternating upper and lower horizontal openings, but being provided with horizontal flaps (36), which act as deflectors of the ambient air mixing current with the hot gases. Petition 870260056617, dated 11 / 06 / 2026, page 20 / 38

Claims

1 / 2 CLAIMS 1 - MODULAR FURNACE FOR GRAIN DRYER consisting of a combustion chamber (1) formed by refractory walls (11), opening for feeding biomass (12), opening for ash extraction (13), feet (14) for supporting a fixed grate (15) and upper opening for gas outlet (16), post-combustion chamber (2), air mixing chamber (3), with louvered windows (33) and a roof (5) characterized by - the combustion chamber (1) being lined with rigid external plates (17), interspersed with thermal insulation blocks (18); - the aftercombustion chamber (2) being formed by rigid outer plates (21) which are lined internally by ceramic fiber panels (24) supported by a metal structure (25) positioned on its outer side, with deflector plates (22) arranged which form alternating upper and lower openings (23) for the passage of gases to the mixing chamber (3);- the mixing chamber (3) for hot gases with ambient air is formed by rigid external plates (31) which are internally lined with ceramic fiber panels (34) supported by a metal structure (35) positioned on its external side, with deflector plates (32) positioned to form alternating central and lateral vertical openings and having louvered windows (33) for ambient air intake; - the metal structure (4) is formed by profile columns (41), intermediate horizontal bands (42) and upper horizontal bands (43) and - the metal roof (5) is lined underneath with ceramic fiber panels (51). 2 - MODULAR FURNACE FOR GRAIN DRYER, according to claim 1, characterized in that, optionally, the deflector plates (32') of the air mixing chamber (3) are arranged in such a way as to form alternating upper and lower horizontal openings. 3 - MODULAR FURNACE FOR GRAIN DRYER, according to claim 1, characterized in that, optionally, the deflector plates (32') of the air mixing chamber (3) are arranged in such a way as to form alternating upper and lower horizontal openings, said deflector plates (31) being provided with horizontal flanges (36).

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