Electrical appliance arrangement having an electrical appliance which can be fastened to a support element, in particular a wall

Abstract

Abstract: An electrical appliance which can be fastened to a support element, in particular a wall, the electrical appliance having a heat sink, circuit boards and a housing, the circuit boards being fastened to the heat sink in each case and the heat sink being able to be fastened or being fastened to the support element, the housing in particular surrounding the circuit boards in the way of a housing and being fastened to the heat sink.

Description

Electrical Appliance Arrangement Having an Electrical Appliance which can be Fastened to a Support Element, in Particular a Wall Technical Field: The present invention relates to an electrical appliance arrangement having an electrical appliance which can be fastened to a support element, in particular a wall. Background: It is common knowledge to provide a heat sink for cooling heat-generating components. Summary: Therefore, the present invention is based on the objective of further developing an electrical appliance with the goal of achieving an especially uncomplicated production. According to the present invention, the objective in the electrical appliance arrangement is achieved by the features herein described. Important features of the present invention in the electrical appliance arrangement having an electrical appliance which can be fastened to a support element, in particular a wall, are that the electrical appliance has a heat sink, circuit boards, and a housing, the circuit boards are fastened to the heat sink in each case, and the heat sink is able to be fastened, or is fastened, to the support element, the housing in particular surrounding the circuit boards in the way of a housing and being fastened to the heat sink. This has the advantage that the heat sink carries the circuit boards and the housing and thus functions as a central support element of the appliance. The heat sink is able to be fastened to a support element of a machine or a system, e.g., to a wall. Through the fastening to this support element, the circuit boards and the housing are therefore retained as well. The weight force of the respective circuit board thus is transferred to the wall via the heat sink. In the same way, the weight force of the housing is transferred to the wall via the heat sink. In addition, the heat sink also has an electric earth connection and thus functions as a shunt to the electrical ground. In one advantageous embodiment, the electrical appliance has a power module, which includes semiconductor switches which are actuated in a pulse-width-modulated manner, the power module in particular being situated on the first of the circuit boards. This has the advantage that the components operated in a clocked manner using high currents and / or voltages are situated on the first circuit board, which is thus disposed only on one side of the heat sink. A third circuit board, which carries an electronic circuit, may therefore be provided on the side of the heat sink facing away from the first circuit board. This electronic circuit is able to be operated without being affected by interference signals from the first circuit board because the heat sink is made of metal, in particular aluminum, and thus functions as a shield. In one advantageous embodiment, the power module is connected to the heat sink at a contact surface of the heat sink, in particular for the dissipation of heat. This offers the advantage that the heat sink fans out the entering heat flow. The peak temperature is therefore able to be kept as low as possible. In one advantageous embodiment, the contact surface is situated on a base plate of the heat sink. This has the advantage that the contact surface is situated in a region of the heat sink that has the greatest wall thickness. In one advantageous embodiment, cooling fins are premolded on the heat sink on the side of the base plate situated opposite the contact surface. This offers the advantage that the heat introduced at the contact surface is able to be dissipated from the base plate in the most direct manner possible via the cooling fins along which an airflow conveyed by a fan is moving, the fan being fixed in place on the heat sink. In one advantageous embodiment, a plate-shaped support section, situated in parallel with the base plate, is premolded on a first one of the cooling fins, a plate-shaped wall section, situated perpendicular to the base plate, is premolded on the base plate, the base plate being situated between the support section and the wall section, the electrical appliance in particular being able to be fastened and / or being fastened to the wall with the aid of the wall section. This offers the advantage that the support section is not a direct extension of the base plate but, while realized in parallel therewith, is implemented at an offset. In addition to the power module, which has a first height that extends to the contact surface on the base plate, additional components are able to be fitted on the first circuit board, which may have a second height, which particularly extends to the support section situated at a greater distance from the first circuit board on account of the offset. In other words, because the offset is such that the support section is situated at a greater distance from the first circuit board than the base plate is from the first circuit board, larger components are able to be placed in the region of the first circuit board covered by the support section on the side of the first circuit board facing the support section than in the region of the first circuit board covered by the base plate. In one advantageous development, the wall section, base plate, cooling fins and the support section are formed in one piece, i.e. in an integral fashion, as a heat sink, in particular as an aluminum casting. This has the advantage that a stable fastening is realizable. In one advantageous embodiment, the support section is offset from the base plate, that is to say, the plane of the support section lies in parallel with the plane of the base plate, but is set apart. This is advantageous insofar as larger components are able to be fitted on the first circuit board in the region adjacent to the support section than in the region adjacent to the base plate. In one advantageous embodiment, a receiving pocket is situated in the support section, one side of the receiving pocket being formed by a region of the first cooling fin, a heat-generating component, in particular a power component, especially a semiconductor switch, being disposed in the receiving pocket, and an electrically insulating, heat-conducting material being placed between the component and the receiving pocket, the elasticity of the material in particular being greater than that of aluminum and of the board material of the first one of the circuit boards, and its specific thermal conductivity amounting to at least one-tenth of that of aluminum. This has the advantage that the power component is surrounded on multiple sides by material of the receiving pocket, i.e. the heat sink, and is accommodated in the receiving pocket without play. Mechanical relative vibrations between the component and the receiving pocket are therefore prevented. In one advantageous embodiment, the power component is inserted into a heat-conducting plastic sleeve, in particular a rubber sleeve, and accommodated together with it in the receiving pocket free of play. This is advantageous insofar as the plastic sleeve has an electrically insulating effect, but a satisfactory heat-conducting contact from the component to the heat sink is able to be achieved, nevertheless. In particular, electrically insulating particles are added to the plastic material, which are excellent heat conductors, however. Especially suitable for this purpose are ceramic particles, in particular particles having a grain size of less than 10 micrometers. In one advantageous embodiment, a terminal for a PE connection, i.e. in particular an electrical ground connection, is situated on the wall section of the heat sink. This has the advantage that the heat sink is able to be used not only for cooling and supporting the appliance, but also for the electrical grounding or the shunting to electrical ground. This may be accomplished in a particularly advantageous manner if the wall connected to the wall section or a support part itself is made of metal and electrically grounded. Thus, if the wall is the rear wall of a switch case or a support part of a piece of machinery, then the heat sink together with the wall or the support part acts as a heat dissipator. In one advantageous embodiment, dome sections are premolded on both sides on the support section and dome sections are also premolded on the side of the base plate situated opposite the heat sinks, a first circuit board is fastened to first dome sections, in particular with the aid of screws, the first dome sections rising from the support section and being fastened to second dome sections, the second dome sections rising from the side of the base plate situated opposite the cooling fins, a third circuit board is fastened to third dome sections, in particular with the aid of screws, the third dome sections rising from the side of the support section situated opposite the first circuit board, a second circuit board is fastened to fourth dome sections, one of the fourth dome sections rising from one of the first dome sections, i.e. being premolded on the first dome section, the first circuit board is aligned in parallel with the third circuit board, the first circuit board is set apart from the third circuit board, the support section in particular is situated between the first and the third circuit board, the second circuit board being situated perpendicular to the first and also perpendicular to the third circuit board. This has the advantage that the circuit board is able to be retained on the heat sink via dome sections. In one advantageous embodiment, a threaded bore is situated in the respective dome section for fastening the respective circuit board to the respective dome section, a screw head of a screw screwed into the respective threaded bore pressing the respective circuit board against the respective dome section. This offers the advantage that a simple fastening method is able to be realized. It is important in this context that the threaded bores of the fourth and the first dome section are set apart from each other or that the screws screwed into them do at least not touch despite the threaded bores being aligned perpendicular to one another and their bore axes intersecting. In one advantageous embodiment, the support section has reinforcement ribs on its side facing away from the first circuit board, in particular reinforcement ribs realized in the form of a grid. This has the advantage that greater stability is able to be achieved and the holding function, but also the heat-fanning function, may be carried out in a more optimal fashion. In one advantageous embodiment, each cooling fin has thickened regions, in particular thickened regions that are set apart from one another at regular intervals. This has the advantage that the stability of the cooling fins and their function of spreading the heat are able to be realized in a better manner. In one advantageous embodiment, a third circuit board is situated on the side of the heat sink, in particular the base plate and the support section, facing away from the contact surface, a first circuit board being situated on the side of the heat sink facing the contact surface, in particular the base plate and the support section, the first circuit board being fitted with components actuated in a pulse-width-modulated manner, in particular fitted with the power module actuated in a pulse-width-modulated manner. This offers the advantage that the heat sink functions as a shield. The electronic circuit disposed on the third circuit board is thus not disturbed by the components of the first circuit board that are operated in a clocked manner. Although the principles herein are described with reference to certain specific examples, various modifications thereof will be apparent to those skilled in the art as outlined in the appended claims. Brief Description of the Drawings: The present invention will now be described in greater detail based on schematic illustrations: Figure 1 shows a side view of an electrical appliance with the housing removed, the circuit boards (3, 4, 5) being fastened to a heat sink. Figure 2 shows an oblique view of the electrical appliance with the housing removed. Figure 3 shows heat sink 1 in an oblique view from a first perspective. Figure 4 shows heat sink 1 in an oblique view from a second perspective. Figure 5 shows heat sink 1 in an oblique view from a third perspective. Detailed Description: As shown in the figures, the electrical appliance, in particular a converter provided to feed an electric motor, has heat sink 1 to whose sides the circuit boards (3, 4, 5) are fastened. A first (3) of the three circuit boards is aligned perpendicular to a second (4) of the three circuit boards, the second (4) of the three circuit boards being aligned perpendicular to the third (5) of the three circuit boards. The first circuit board (3) is aligned in parallel with third circuit board 5. The circuit boards (3, 4, 5) thus form a continuous U. Third circuit board 5 is fitted with, or electrically connected to, a power module 6, which is pressed against a contact surface 30 developed on heat sink 1 by a spring element. A fan is situated on heat sink 1, and the cool airflow it conveys streams along cooling fins developed in parallel on heat sink 1. Dome sections (32, 33, 34, 35, 41), which project from the sides, are developed on heat sink 1. The thickness of the dome sections (32, 33, 34, 35, 41) has been selected such that a threaded bore is introduced at the outer end region of the respective dome section (32, 33, 34, 35, 41), into which a screw is able to be screwed whose widened screw head presses a respective circuit board (3, 4, 5) in the direction of the respective dome section (32, 33, 34, 35, 41). The dome sections (36, 37) project on the front side, and the other dome sections (32, 33, 34, 35, 41) project from the two sides. The dome sections (36, 37) thus extend perpendicular to the other dome sections (32, 33, 34, 35, 41). Heat sink 1 is developed as one piece, i.e. in an integral fashion, and cooling fins 7 rise from a first side of the base plate of heat sink 1. Cooling fins 7 have a parallel alignment and are preferably set apart from one another at regular intervals. Dome sections 35 and 36 rise from the other side of the base plate. In addition, a finish- machined, in particular ground, surface piece is developed on this other side, which functions as a contact surface 30 for power module 6. During an operation of the electrical appliance, a strong heat flow from power module 6 is introduced into the base plate and from there into cooling fins 7. Cooling is possible with the aid of fan 2, which conveys an airflow along cooling fins 7. A threaded bore is introduced into the base plate in the center of contact surface 30 so that power module 6 is able to be pressed against the contact surface with the aid of a screw, in particular by the screw head of the screw, the screw being passed through power module 6 and screwed into the threaded bore. The base plate thus functions as a retaining means for one (5) of the three circuit boards (3, 4, 5) and for cooling fins 7 as well as for power module 6. In parallel with cooling fins 7, that is to say, perpendicular to the base plate, a plate-shaped wall section 9 is premolded on the base plate. A terminal 10 for a PE connection is also provided on this support section. With the aid of wall section 9, the electrical appliance is able to be fastened to a DIN mounting rail or to a wall of a switch case. The required holding forces are thus introduced via wall section 9. The protective housing, which is not shown in the figures, is also fastened to heat sink 1. All parts of the electrical appliance are therefore held by heat sink 1, which in turn is held on a wall or a machine with the aid of its wall section 9. Cooling fins 7 are situated on only one side of the base plate. Wall section 9 includes the perpendicular projection of the entire rest of heat sink 1 onto wall section 9. Wall section 9 thus has a greater extension than the perpendicular projection, wall section 9 in particular being developed as a plate-shaped, i.e. planar, part in this context. As illustrated in the figures, wall section 9 extends on both sides of the base plate of heat sink 1. The base plate is preferably developed with a greater wall thickness in the region of contact surface 30, that is to say, in thicker form. This increases the thermal capacity in the region of contact surface 30 and the inflowing heat is thus able to be fanned out. Dome sections 34 and 35 rise from the side of the base plate facing away from cooling fins 7. Respective dome section 35 has a self-supporting development. However, with the aid of a connecting wall, dome section 34 is connected to wall section 9 with the result that not only the stability of heat sink 1 is improved, and specially also that of dome section 34, but the thermal capacity is greater in addition. The base plate of heat sink 1 ends approximately in the center of wall section 9. A plate-shaped support section 8 is formed on heat sink 1 at an offset from the base plate. Support section 8 thus ends in the particular cooling fin 7 that is situated at the greatest distance from wall section 9. Dome sections 32 for fastening circuit board 5 also rise from support section 8. On the side of circuit board 5 facing support section 8, circuit board 5 is fitted with a power component, in particular with a controllable semiconductor switch such as a power supply transistor. The power component, surrounded by a heat-conducting rubber sleeve, is inserted into a receiving pocket 31 premolded on heat sink 1. Thus, the power component is electrically insulated and connected to receiving pocket 31 in a heat-conducting manner. Instead of a rubber sleeve, some other electrically insulating material providing excellent thermal conductivity may also be used, the material being placed between receiving pocket 31 and the power component. A dome section 32, which is situated on the same side of support section 8 as receiving pocket 31, is disposed on support section 8. A further dome section 36 projects from this dome section 32 in the transverse direction, that is to say, in particular transversely to the normal direction of support section 8, which essentially represents a plane. The threaded bore introduced into further dome section 36 thus has a perpendicular alignment to the respective threaded bore introduced into dome section 32. Because further dome section 36 projects from dome section 32 on the side, high stability is achieved. A high material thickness, in particular, is provided for this purpose. Receiving pocket 31 is situated on support section 8. This receiving pocket 31 is developed with side walls that rise from support section 8. Because of the rubber sleeve, the power component is accommodated in receiving pocket 31 free of play. One of the side walls of receiving pocket 31 is premolded on the particular cooling fin in which support section 8 ends. On the side of support section 8 facing away from receiving pocket 31, reinforcement fins 40 are premolded on support section 8. In addition, two dome sections 41, which are set apart from each other and are connected with the aid of a connecting wall 42, rise from support section 8 on this side, connecting wall 42 likewise rising from support section 8 and also being integrally premolded on support section 8 similar to dome sections 41. Cooling fins 7 have thickened regions 43, which are set apart from one another at regular intervals in the extension direction of cooling fins 7, i.e. in particular in the direction of the cooling airflow streaming between the cooling fins. The power module has power switches such as IGBTs or MOSFETs, in particular. These semiconductor switches are arranged in half-bridges supplied with a DC voltage from a mains- powered rectifier. On the output side, the power module provides a three-phase voltage system for the supply of a three-phase motor. The power switches are preferably operated in a pulse- width-modulated manner. Because heat sink 1 is produced from metal, especially aluminum, support section 8 of heat sink 1 also functions as a shield of the electronic circuit situated on circuit board 3 from the power module and the actuator of the power module situated on circuit board 5. Since support section 8 has a continuous development, efficient HF shielding is able to be achieved between the components operated in a clocked manner and the components of circuit board 3 situated on the other side of support section 8. In an advantageous manner, a simple, cup-shaped housing produced from plastic is able to be pulled over heat sink 1 and the circuit boards (3, 4, 5) fastened thereto from the side of support section 8 situated opposite wall section 9. The housing is able to be fastened to the heat sink with the aid of a screw, in which case the screw is able to be screwed into a threaded bore of the heat sink. Alternatively, the housing may also be snapped into place on wall section 9. List of Reference Numerals 1 heat sink 2 fan 3 third circuit board 4 second circuit board 5 first circuit board 6 power module 7 cooling fin 8 support section 9 wall section 10 terminal for PE connection 30 contact surface for power module 6 31 receiving pocket 32 dome section 33 dome section 34 dome section 35 dome section 36 dome section 37 dome section 40 reinforcement rib 41 dome section 42 connecting wall 43 thickened region.

Claims

<pat:ClaimStatement>Claims:< / pat:ClaimStatement> <pat:Claims com:id="claims"> <pat:Claim com:id="CLM-00001"> <pat:ClaimNumber>1< / pat:ClaimNumber> <pat:ClaimText>1. A system, comprising: an electrical appliance adapted to be fastened to a support element and including: a heat sink; circuit boards; a housing; and a power module including semiconductor switches adapted to be actuated in a pulse-width-modulated manner; wherein each circuit board is fastened to the heat sink, and the heat sink is adapted to be fastened to the support element, the housing surrounding the circuit boards and being fastened to the heat sink; wherein the power module is connected to the heat sink at a contact surface of the heat sink for dissipation of heat; wherein the contact surface is arranged on a base plate of the heat sink; wherein cooling fins are premolded on the heat sink on a side of the base plate located opposite the contact surface; and wherein a plate-shaped support section, arranged parallel to the base plate, is premolded on a first one of the cooling fins, a plate-shaped wall section, arranged perpendicular to the base plate, is premolded on the base plate, and the base plate is disposed between the support section and the wall section. < / pat:ClaimText> < / pat:Claim> <pat:Claim com:id="CLM-00002"> <pat:ClaimNumber>2< / pat:ClaimNumber> <pat:ClaimText>2. The system according to claim 1, wherein the electrical appliance is adapted to be fastened and / or is fastened to the support element by the wall section. < / pat:ClaimText> < / pat:Claim> <pat:Claim com:id="CLM-00003"> <pat:ClaimNumber>3< / pat:ClaimNumber> <pat:ClaimText>3. The system according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the wall section, the base plate, the cooling fins, and the support section are integrally formed and / or formed in one piece as a heat sink and / or an aluminum casting. < / pat:ClaimText> < / pat:Claim> <pat:Claim com:id="CLM-00004"> <pat:ClaimNumber>4< / pat:ClaimNumber> <pat:ClaimText>4. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a third circuit board is arranged on a side of the heat sink facing away from the contact surface, a first circuit board being arranged on a side of the heat sink facing the contact surface, the first circuit board being fitted with components and / or a power module adapted to be actuated in a pulse-width- modulated manner. < / pat:ClaimText> < / pat:Claim> <pat:Claim com:id="CLM-00005"> <pat:ClaimNumber>5< / pat:ClaimNumber> <pat:ClaimText>5. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the support section is offset from the base plate and / or a plane of the support section is arranged parallel to and set apart from a plane of the base plate. < / pat:ClaimText> < / pat:Claim> <pat:Claim com:id="CLM-00006"> <pat:ClaimNumber>6< / pat:ClaimNumber> <pat:ClaimText>6. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a receiving pocket is arranged in the support section, one side of the receiving pocket being formed by a region of the first cooling fin, a heat-generating component being arranged in the receiving pocket, and an electrically insulating, heat-conducting material being placed between the heat-generating component and the receiving pocket, elasticity of the material being greater than elasticity of aluminum and a board material of a first one of the circuit boards, and specific thermal conductivity of the material being at least one-tenth of specific thermal conductivity of aluminum. < / pat:ClaimText> < / pat:Claim> <pat:Claim com:id="CLM-00007"> <pat:ClaimNumber>7< / pat:ClaimNumber> <pat:ClaimText>7. The system according to claim 6, wherein the heat-generating component includes a power component and / or a semiconductor switch. < / pat:ClaimText> < / pat:Claim> <pat:Claim com:id="CLM-00008"> <pat:ClaimNumber>8< / pat:ClaimNumber> <pat:ClaimText>8. The system according to claim 7, wherein the power component is arranged in a heat- conducting plastic sleeve and / or a rubber sleeve and is accommodated in the receiving pocket with the heat-conducting plastic sleeve and / or the rubber sleeve free of play. < / pat:ClaimText> < / pat:Claim> <pat:Claim com:id="CLM-00009"> <pat:ClaimNumber>9< / pat:ClaimNumber> <pat:ClaimText>9. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein dome sections are premolded on both sides of the support section, and dome sections are premolded on a side of the base plate situated opposite the heat sink, a first circuit board being fastened and / or screw- mounted to first dome sections, the first dome sections rising from the support section and being fastened to second dome sections, the second dome sections rising from a side of the base plate arranged opposite the cooling fins, a third circuit board being fastened and / or screw- mounted to third dome sections, the third dome sections rising from a side of the support section arranged opposite the first circuit board, a second circuit board being fastened to fourth dome sections, one of the fourth dome sections rising from one of the first dome sections and / or being premolded on the first dome section, the first circuit board being aligned parallel to the third circuit board, the first circuit board being set apart from the third circuit board, the support section being arranged between the first circuit board and the third circuit board, the second circuit board being arranged perpendicular to the first circuit board and to the third circuit board. < / pat:ClaimText> < / pat:Claim> <pat:Claim com:id="CLM-00010"> <pat:ClaimNumber>10< / pat:ClaimNumber> <pat:ClaimText>10. The system according to claim 9, wherein a threaded bore is arranged in at least one of the dome sections to fasten a respective circuit board to a respective dome section, a screw head of a screw screwed into a threaded bore pressing the respective circuit board against the respective dome section. < / pat:ClaimText> < / pat:Claim> <pat:Claim com:id="CLM-00011"> <pat:ClaimNumber>11< / pat:ClaimNumber> <pat:ClaimText>11. The system according to claim 4, wherein the support section includes reinforcement ribs on a side of the support section facing away from the first circuit board. < / pat:ClaimText> < / pat:Claim> <pat:Claim com:id="CLM-00012"> <pat:ClaimNumber>12< / pat:ClaimNumber> <pat:ClaimText>12. The system according to claim 11, wherein the reinforcement ribs are arranged as a grid. < / pat:ClaimText> < / pat:Claim> <pat:Claim com:id="CLM-00013"> <pat:ClaimNumber>13< / pat:ClaimNumber> <pat:ClaimText>13. A system, comprising: an electrical appliance adapted to be fastened to a support element and including: a heat sink; circuit boards; and a housing; wherein each circuit board is fastened to the heat sink, and the heat sink is adapted to be fastened to the support element, the housing surrounding the circuit boards and being fastened to the heat sink; and wherein a terminal for a protective earth (PE) connection and / or an electrical ground connection is arranged on a wall section of the heat sink. < / pat:ClaimText> < / pat:Claim> < / pat:Claims>