Jacking-type reverse construction method

Abstract

The present application relates to a jacking-type reverse construction method, comprising the following steps: prefabricating, in a factory, vertical prefabricated parts for assembling a building structure; setting up a jacking system at a construction site, wherein the jacking system comprises a plurality of jacks, each jack comprising a telescopic jacking rod; setting up a horizontal floorslab mold at the construction site; on the horizontal floorslab mold, casting a horizontal floorslab that forms a top-floor roof; and a floor construction step, which comprises: jacking the previous cast horizontal floorslab, assembling the vertical prefabricated parts, making the jacking rods descend, and casting the horizontal floorslab. The step of assembling the vertical prefabricated parts comprises: firstly, the jacking rods corresponding to the currently assembled vertical prefabricated part in terms of position being controlled to retract; after the currently assembled vertical prefabricated part is mounted in place, controlling the corresponding jacking rods to extend out for support; and repeating the process until the assembly of all the vertical prefabricated parts on the present floor is completed. The construction method can reduce works at heights, reduce costs, and shorten the construction period.

Description

Jacking-up reverse construction method

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on February 7, 2024, with application number 202410173969.2 and application name “Jack-lifting reverse construction method”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application belongs to the field of construction engineering technology, and in particular relates to a jacking-type reverse construction method. Background Art

[0003] In the traditional construction process, it is usually necessary to build scaffolding, support formwork, pour concrete, etc. layer by layer from the foundation upwards, and the scaffolding and formwork need to be dismantled after the construction is completed.

[0004] At present, many urban buildings are high-rise buildings. The traditional construction method is to carry out construction layer by layer from bottom to top. As the building rises, the height of the construction work also increases. In the process of high-rise building construction, a large amount of high-altitude work is required, and building materials also need to be transported at high altitude. The construction process is cumbersome and consumes a lot of manpower and material resources, resulting in a long overall construction period and very high costs. Moreover, since construction workers need to perform a large amount of high-altitude work, it is very dangerous.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] In response to the shortcomings in the relevant technology, this application provides a jacking-type reverse construction method, which can reduce high-altitude operations, reduce costs and shorten construction period.

[0007] The jacking-up reverse construction method provided in this application comprises the following steps:

[0008] Prefabricate vertical prefabricated components for assembling building structures in factories according to design requirements;

[0009] A jacking system is set up above the foundation layer or transfer layer at the construction site. The jacking system includes a plurality of jacks, each jack including a retractable jacking rod. The setting position of each jack corresponds to the installation position of the corresponding vertical prefabricated component to support and lift the corresponding vertical prefabricated component during the construction process.

[0010] A horizontal floor slab mold is set up at the construction site. The horizontal floor slab mold is used to cast and form the horizontal floor slab between each layer. The upper surface of the horizontal floor slab mold is used as the construction layer. Through holes are opened on the horizontal floor slab mold corresponding to each jacking rod. The jacking rod can be extended upward or retracted downward through the through holes.

[0011] Top floor slab construction: control the top of the jacking rod to be flush with the upper surface of the horizontal floor slab mold, and cast the horizontal floor slab on the horizontal floor slab mold to form the top floor slab;

[0012] Top floor construction, including:

[0013] Lifting the horizontal floor slab cast in the previous casting: Control all the lifting rods to extend through the through holes and lift the top slab to a height greater than the top floor height from the upper surface of the horizontal floor slab mold;

[0014] Assembly of vertical prefabricated components: The vertical prefabricated components used to assemble the top floor are transported to the site and assembled in sequence. During the assembly process, the jacking rods corresponding to the position of the currently assembled vertical prefabricated component are first controlled to retract, while the other jacking rods remain in the jacking state. After the currently assembled vertical prefabricated component is installed to the corresponding position below the horizontal floor slab cast in the previous round, the corresponding jacking rods are controlled to extend again to support the currently assembled vertical prefabricated component. In this way, the assembly of all vertical prefabricated components on the top floor is completed;

[0015] Lifting rod return: control all lifting rods to return until the top is flush with the upper surface of the horizontal floor mold;

[0016] Horizontal floor slab pouring: pouring is performed on the horizontal floor slab mold to form a horizontal floor slab. The upper surface of the horizontal floor slab constitutes the ground of the top floor, and the lower surface of the horizontal floor slab constitutes the ceiling of the second top floor.

[0017] Complete the construction from the second top layer downwards in the same manner as the top layer construction in the above steps.

[0018] In some embodiments, a support seat is provided at the position of the jacking rod at the bottom of each vertical prefabricated component corresponding to the position of the jacking rod. The height of the support seat is the same as the thickness of the horizontal floor slab to be cast. During the construction process, the jacking rod supports and lifts the vertical prefabricated components through the support seat. After the assembly of all vertical prefabricated components of the current construction layer is completed, all the jacking rods are controlled to fall to the top and be flush with the upper surface of the horizontal floor slab mold. The horizontal floor slab is cast on-site on the upper surface of the horizontal floor slab mold to form a horizontal floor slab. The support seat and the horizontal floor slab are cast as a whole.

[0019] In some embodiments, in the step of lifting the horizontal floor slab cast in the previous cast, the lifting height is: the distance between the lower surface of the horizontal floor slab cast in the previous cast and the upper surface of the horizontal formwork mold > the floor height of the current construction layer + the length of the exposed steel bars at the bottom of the horizontal floor slab cast in the previous cast + the thickness of the horizontal floor slab to be cast in the current construction layer.

[0020] In some embodiments, the jacks are hydraulic jacks, and the lifting rods of each hydraulic jack can be extended and retracted both synchronously and independently, and the error of the synchronous movement of the hydraulic jacks is controlled within 1 / 500 of the maximum horizontal distance between the hydraulic cylinders of any two adjacent hydraulic jacks among all hydraulic jacks in working condition.

[0021] In some embodiments, the split design of the vertical prefabricated components constituting the building structure must satisfy the following requirement: during construction, the number of jacking rods supporting each vertical prefabricated component is less than 10% of the total number of jacking rods in working condition.

[0022] In some embodiments, a reinforcement frame system is set up at the construction site. The reinforcement frame system includes a support frame built around the outer periphery of the building. A plurality of horizontal limit members are arranged on the support frame along the outer periphery of the building. The horizontal limit members can be extended or retracted in the horizontal direction. When the horizontal limit members are extended, they support the outer peripheral wall of the building to limit the horizontal displacement of the building during construction.

[0023] In some embodiments, the reinforced external frame system also includes a plurality of rolling members arranged around the periphery of the building, the rolling surfaces of the rolling members are in contact with the peripheral wall of the building and the plurality of rolling members cooperate with each other to limit the horizontal displacement of the building during the lifting process, and there is a height difference between the rolling members and the horizontal limit members in the vertical direction.

[0024] In some embodiments, the reinforced external frame system further includes a working platform disposed on top of the support frame, the working platform being supported by the support frame and used as a loading and construction platform during the construction process.

[0025] In some embodiments, the construction method also includes the step of dismantling the jacking system: after the construction of all floors above the floor where the jacking system is located is completed, the jacking rods are controlled to jack the constructed part of the building to above the horizontal floor mold, the horizontal floor mold is removed, and all jacking rods are controlled to fall back to the top elevation of the floor where the jacking system is located. The floor where the jacking system is located is constructed and a gap is left corresponding to the position of the jack, the upper and lower floors are connected, the jacks are removed, the gap position is repaired, and the dismantling construction of the jacking system is completed.

[0026] In some embodiments, during the process of setting up the jacking system, a gap is left corresponding to the position of the jack on the floor where the jacking system is located. The jack is placed in the gap, and a top floor slab of the floor where the jacking system is located is cast on top of the floor where the jacking system is located. An opening is formed on the top floor slab for the jacking rod to extend or retract, and a horizontal floor slab mold is placed on the top floor slab of the floor where the jacking system is located.

[0027] The construction method also includes the steps of dismantling the jacking system:

[0028] After the construction of more than two floors above the floor where the jacking system is located is completed, the jacking rods are controlled to jack up the constructed part of the building to a height greater than the height of the upper floor of the floor where the jacking system is located, the horizontal floor mold is removed, and the vertical prefabricated components of the upper floor of the floor where the jacking system is located are assembled. All jacking rods are controlled to fall back so that the bottom of the vertical prefabricated components of the upper floor of the floor where the jacking system is located is flush with the upper surface of the top floor of the floor where the jacking system is located, the upper and lower floors are connected, the jacks are removed, the gaps are repaired, and the dismantling construction of the jacking system is completed.

[0029] In some embodiments, the upper surface of the horizontal floor mold is processed to form a mold with one or more decorative shapes, and the decorative shapes include but are not limited to: one or more of: lamp holders, lamp pools, decorative lines and multi-level ceilings. The corresponding decorative shapes can be formed on the lower ceiling surface of the horizontal floor formed by casting using the horizontal floor mold.

[0030] In some embodiments, adjacent floors are connected by grouting sleeves, which are semi-grouting. During the forming process of the vertical prefabricated components, the grouting sleeves are prefabricated at the top of the vertical prefabricated components. The lower half of the grouting sleeves are connected to the steel bars of the current floor by a non-grouting method during the prefabrication of the vertical prefabricated components, and the upper half of the grouting sleeves are connected to the steel bars of the upper floor by a grouting method during the construction of the floor.

[0031] In some embodiments, the interior of the grouting sleeve is hollow, and a grouting hole connected to the interior is formed in the upper half of the grouting sleeve, and the grouting hole is connected to the outside of the vertical prefabricated component. During the grouting process, the slurry is injected into the interior of the grouting sleeve through the grouting hole and overflows through the opening at the top of the grouting sleeve.

[0032] In some embodiments, during the construction process of each floor, while installing the currently assembled vertical prefabricated component to the corresponding position, the steel bars of the previous floor are inserted into the upper half of the grouting sleeve inside the currently assembled vertical prefabricated component, and after the assembly of the currently assembled vertical prefabricated component is completed, the grouting sleeve of the currently assembled vertical prefabricated component is grouted, or after the assembly of multiple adjacent vertical prefabricated components of the current construction layer is completed, the grouting sleeves of multiple adjacent vertical prefabricated components are grouted in sequence.

[0033] In some embodiments, a grouting hole is formed at the top of one or more vertical prefabricated components in the same floor, and the grouting hole is connected to the top opening of each grouting sleeve. After one or more adjacent vertical prefabricated components in the current construction layer are assembled or after all vertical prefabricated components in the current construction layer are assembled, grouting is performed on each grouting sleeve in order from far to near in the order of distance from the grouting hole. After grouting is observed from the grouting hole during each grouting process, grouting of the current grouting sleeve is completed, and then grouting of the next grouting sleeve is performed.

[0034] In some embodiments, a downwardly recessed portion is formed at the top of the vertical prefabricated component, and the recessed portion passes through the top of the vertical prefabricated component in the width direction to form mutually connected slurry discharge channels at the tops of adjacent vertical prefabricated components on the same floor, and the slurry discharge channels are connected to the slurry discharge holes.

[0035] In some embodiments, during the construction process, the vertical prefabricated components are transported to the construction site using a universal transport vehicle. The wheels of the universal transport vehicle are Mecanum wheels. The universal transport vehicle also includes hydraulic rods for supporting the vertical prefabricated components on both sides.

[0036] In some embodiments, a hoisting method is used to hoist the currently assembled vertical prefabricated components to the corresponding positions. Specifically, lifting equipment is installed on both sides of the vertical prefabricated components of the upper floor, and hoisting seats are installed on both sides of the currently assembled vertical prefabricated components. The hooks of the lifting equipment are respectively connected to the corresponding hoisting seats. The currently assembled vertical prefabricated components are hoisted to the bottom of the corresponding vertical prefabricated components of the upper floor for assembly, and hoisting holes are opened on the horizontal floor slabs for the hooks and ropes of the lifting equipment to pass through.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of this application are:

[0038] (1) According to the construction method provided by at least one embodiment of the present application, the reverse construction method is adopted to carry out construction from the top floor downwards, and the main structure of each floor is assembled above the foundation floor or the transfer floor, and the 2-3 floors above the foundation floor or the transfer floor are finely decorated; the jacking method is reasonably designed to complete the construction of the entire building. During the construction process, there is basically no need for high-altitude work and various facilities required for high-altitude work, which simplifies the construction process and greatly shortens the construction period (can be shortened by nearly half), saves the labor cost of high-altitude work and reduces safety risks, realizes the assembly line construction of the building, and greatly saves the project cost;

[0039] (2) According to the construction method provided by at least one embodiment of the present application, the reverse construction method is used in combination with jacking for construction. The entire building does not require vertical transportation equipment, there is no exterior wall protection, no formwork scaffolding system, and there is almost no wet work on site. The labor workload is reduced by more than 50%, wood is saved by 100%, water is saved by more than 80%, construction waste is reduced by more than 90%, carbon emissions are reduced by 80%, and energy conservation and environmental protection are achieved.

[0040] (3) According to the construction method provided by at least one embodiment of the present application, since all vertical components are factory-produced and a set of molds are used for the horizontal components, the error accuracy of the vertical components of the entire building is less than or equal to 2 mm, and the horizontal components have zero error, ensuring that the project quality meets excellent standards.

[0041] (4) According to the construction method provided by at least one embodiment of the present application, each jacking rod in the jacking system can be extended and retracted synchronously or independently, which facilitates the assembly of vertical prefabricated components on each floor. During the construction process, no additional facilities are required to support the building, thereby improving construction progress, shortening construction period, and reducing construction costs.

[0042] (5) According to the construction method provided by at least one embodiment of the present application, a through hole for a jacking rod to pass through is formed on the horizontal floor slab mold used, and the jacking rod cooperates with the mold to realize the construction of each floor during the floor construction process;

[0043] (6) According to the construction method provided by at least one embodiment of the present application, the horizontal floor slab mold used is formed with molds of various decorative shapes, and the corresponding decorative shapes can be directly formed on the ceiling during the floor construction process, saving the construction period and cost of later interior decoration; because the decorative shapes are cast with concrete, they will not crack during later use, and do not require repair or maintenance, thus having a long life and low cost;

[0044] (7) According to the construction method provided by at least one embodiment of the present application, the horizontal displacement of the building can be limited during the construction process by reinforcing the external frame system, and in conjunction with the jacking system, the building can be raised and lowered more smoothly, thereby improving structural safety;

[0045] (8) According to the construction method provided by at least one embodiment of the present application, adjacent floors are connected by grouting sleeves, and the traditional method of using grouting sleeves is creatively changed. The unique setting of grouting holes ensures that the grouting inside each grouting sleeve is full of grout after grouting, solving the problem of grouting sleeves not being fully filled and unable to be detected, which has troubled the engineering community for many years, and achieving a stable connection between the upper and lower floors;

[0046] (9) According to the construction method provided by at least one embodiment of the present application, a specially designed universal transport vehicle is used to transport the vertical prefabricated components. The vertical prefabricated components are supported by hydraulic rods. The Mecanum wheels can be used to control the movement of the universal transport vehicle in any direction to meet various transportation needs of the construction site. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present application and constitute a part of the present application. The illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0048] FIG1a is a schematic diagram of executing step S4 of the jacking-up top-down construction method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] FIG1 b is a schematic diagram of executing step S51 of the jacking-up top-down construction method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] FIG1c is a schematic diagram 1 of executing step S52 of the jacking-up top-down construction method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] FIG1d is a second schematic diagram of the execution of step S52 of the jacking-up reverse construction method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] FIG1e is a schematic diagram of executing step S53 of the jacking-up reverse construction method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] FIG1f is a schematic diagram of a multi-layer construction after completion of the jacking-up reverse construction method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0054] FIG1g is a second schematic diagram of the construction of the sub-top floor according to the jacking-up top-down construction method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0055] FIG1h is a third schematic diagram of the construction of the secondary top floor according to the jacking-up top-down construction method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0056] FIG1i is a fourth schematic diagram of the construction of the secondary top floor according to the jacking-up top-down construction method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0057] FIG1j is a second schematic diagram of the construction of the sub-top floor according to the jacking-up top-down construction method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0058] FIG2a is a structural schematic diagram 1 of a horizontal floor slab mold according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0059] FIG2 b is a second structural diagram of a horizontal floor slab mold according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0060] FIG3 a is a schematic structural diagram of a grouting sleeve in an embodiment of the present application;

[0061] FIG3 b is a cross-sectional view of a grouting sleeve in an embodiment of the present application;

[0062] FIG4a is a schematic diagram 1 of the connection between the vertical prefabricated components of the previous floor and the currently assembled vertical prefabricated components in an embodiment of the present application;

[0063] FIG4 b is a second schematic diagram of the connection between the vertical prefabricated components of the previous floor and the currently assembled vertical prefabricated components in an embodiment of the present application;

[0064] FIG4 c is a third schematic diagram of the connection between the vertical prefabricated components of the previous floor and the currently assembled vertical prefabricated components in an embodiment of the present application;

[0065] FIG4d is a partial enlarged view of portion A in FIG4b;

[0066] FIG4e is a partial cross-sectional view of a portion where upper and lower floors are connected by a grouting sleeve in an embodiment of the present application;

[0067] FIG5 a is a schematic diagram of a vertical prefabricated component with a grouting sleeve disposed therein in an embodiment of the present application;

[0068] FIG5b is a partial enlarged view of portion B in FIG5a;

[0069] FIG6 a is a schematic diagram of a reinforced external frame system provided at a construction site according to the jacking-up top-down construction method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0070] FIG6 b is a front view of a reinforced external frame system provided at a construction site according to the jacking-up top-down construction method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0071] FIG6 c is a partial schematic diagram of the cooperation between the rolling element and the building exterior wall in the reinforced external frame system in an embodiment of the present application;

[0072] FIG6 d is a partial schematic diagram of the cooperation between the horizontal limiter (retracted state) and the building exterior wall in the reinforced external frame system in an embodiment of the present application;

[0073] FIG7 a is a schematic structural diagram of a reinforced external frame system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0074] FIG7b is a partial enlarged view of portion C in FIG7a;

[0075] FIG7c is a partial enlarged view of portion D in FIG7a;

[0076] FIG8a is a first schematic diagram of the hoisting of vertical prefabricated components constituting the exterior wall of a building using the jacking-up top-down construction method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0077] FIG8 b is a second schematic diagram of the hoisting of vertical prefabricated components constituting the exterior wall of a building using the jacking-up top-down construction method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0078] FIG9a is a first schematic diagram of the hoisting of vertical prefabricated components constituting the inner wall of a building using the jacking-up top-down construction method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0079] FIG9 b is a second schematic diagram of the hoisting of vertical prefabricated components constituting the inner wall of a building using the jacking-up top-down construction method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0080] FIG10a is a first structural diagram of a universal transport vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0081] FIG10 b is a second structural diagram of the universal transport vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0082] FIG11a is a first schematic diagram of transporting vertical prefabricated components according to the jacking-up top-down construction method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0083] FIG11 b is a second schematic diagram of transporting vertical prefabricated components according to the jacking-up top-down construction method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0084] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of the construction of the floor where the jacking system is located according to the jacking-type reverse construction method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0085] FIG13 is a flow chart of the jacking-up reverse construction method provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0086] In the figure: 1. Building; 10. Foundation layer or transfer layer; 11. Vertical prefabricated components; 111. Support base; 1101. Vertical prefabricated components of the previous floor; 1102. Vertical prefabricated components currently being assembled; 112. Recessed portion; 113. Slurry discharge hole; 114. Slurry discharge channel; 12. Horizontal floor slab; 121. Top floor slab; 122. Lifting hole; 123. Top floor slab of the floor where the jacking system is located; 1231. Opening; 13. Gap; 2. Jacking system; 21. Jack; 211. Jacking rod; 3. Water Flat floor slab mold; 31. Upper surface of horizontal floor slab mold; 32. Through hole; 33. Casting trough; 34. Mold; 341. Lamp holder mold; 342. Decorative line mold; 4. Grouting sleeve; 41. Grouting hole; 42. Opening; 5. Reinforced external frame system; 51. Support frame; 52. Horizontal limiter; 53. Rolling member; 54. Working platform; 6. Lifting equipment; 601. Lifting seat; 7. Universal transport vehicle; 71. Mecanum wheel; 72. Hydraulic rod; 81. Steel bars of this floor; 82. Steel bars of the previous floor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0087] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0088] Obviously, the drawings described below are merely examples or embodiments of the present application. Those skilled in the art can, without inventive effort, apply the present application to other similar scenarios based on these drawings. Furthermore, it is also understood that, although the effort involved in such a development process may be complex and lengthy, for those skilled in the art related to the content disclosed in this application, changes in design, manufacturing, or production based on the technical content disclosed in this application are merely conventional technical means and should not be construed as an insufficiency of the content disclosed in this application.

[0089] References to "embodiments" in this application mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it refer to independent or alternative embodiments that are mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is understood, both explicitly and implicitly, by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this application may be combined with other embodiments unless there is a conflict.

[0090] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on this application.

[0091] The present application proposes a jacking-type reverse construction method. This construction method uses an assembled construction method to transport factory-prefabricated building components and accessories to the construction site. It then uses a top-down reverse construction method, combined with a jacking method, to construct the building. As shown in Figure 13, this construction method includes at least the following steps:

[0092] S1. Prefabricate vertical prefabricated components 11 for assembling the building structure in a factory according to design requirements;

[0093] S2. As shown in FIG1a , a jacking system 2 is set up on the foundation layer or transfer layer 10 at the construction site. The jacking system 2 includes a plurality of jacks 21 , each of which includes a retractable jacking rod 211 . The location of each jack 21 corresponds to the installation location of a corresponding vertical prefabricated component 11 to support and lift the corresponding vertical prefabricated component 11 during construction.

[0094] S3. Further referring to FIG. 1a , a horizontal floor slab mold 3 is set up at the construction site. The horizontal floor slab mold 3 is used to cast and form the horizontal floor slab 12 between each layer. The upper surface 31 of the horizontal floor slab mold serves as the construction layer. The horizontal floor slab mold 3 has through holes 32 corresponding to the jacking rods 211. The jacking rods 211 can extend upward or retract downward through the through holes 32.

[0095] S4, top floor slab construction: As shown in FIG1a , the top of the jacking rod 211 is controlled to be flush with the upper surface 31 of the horizontal floor slab mold, and the horizontal floor slab 12 constituting the top floor slab 121 is cast on the horizontal floor slab mold 3;

[0096] S5. Top floor construction, including:

[0097] S51. Lifting the horizontal floor slab cast in the previous casting: Control all lifting rods 211 to extend through the through holes 32 and lift the top floor slab 121 to a height greater than the top floor height from the upper surface 31 of the horizontal floor slab mold (taking into account the length of the bottom steel bars of the vertical prefabricated components 11 and the necessary construction height), as shown in FIG1b ;

[0098] S52, assembling vertical prefabricated components: The vertical prefabricated components 11 for assembling the top floor are transported to the site for sequential assembly. During the assembly process, the jacking rods 211 corresponding to the position of the currently assembled vertical prefabricated component 11 are first controlled to retract, while the remaining jacking rods 211 remain in the jacking state. After the currently assembled vertical prefabricated component 11 is installed to the corresponding position below the horizontal floor slab cast in the previous step, the corresponding jacking rods 211 are controlled to extend again to support the currently assembled vertical prefabricated component 11, as shown in Figures 1c to 1d. In this manner, the assembly of all vertical prefabricated components 11 of the top floor is completed.

[0099] S53, jacking rods fall back: control all jacking rods 211 to fall back until the top is flush with the upper surface 31 of the horizontal floor mold, as shown in FIG1e;

[0100] S54. Horizontal floor slab casting: Casting is performed on the horizontal floor slab mold 3 to form a horizontal floor slab 12. The upper surface of the horizontal floor slab 12 constitutes the ground of the current construction layer (i.e., the top floor), and the lower surface of the horizontal floor slab 12 constitutes the ceiling of the next floor (i.e., the second top floor).

[0101] S6. Complete the construction from the second top layer downwards in sequence according to the top layer construction method in S5, as shown in Figure 1f to Figure 1j.

[0102] The jacking-up reverse construction method provided in the above embodiments of the present application adopts the reverse construction method to carry out construction from the top floor in sequence downwards, and each floor is assembled with the main structure above the foundation layer or the transfer layer and connected to the bottom of the upper layer, and then the built floor is lifted as a whole, and then the construction of the next layer is carried out, and this cycle is repeated until the construction of the entire building is completed. In the process of construction using the jacking-up reverse construction method provided in the embodiments of the present application, there is basically no need to carry out high-altitude work, and there is no need for tower cranes, scaffolding, safety protection facilities and other facilities required for high-altitude work, which simplifies the construction process, greatly shortens the construction period (can be shortened by nearly half), saves the labor cost of high-altitude work and reduces safety risks, realizes the assembly line construction of buildings, and greatly saves the project cost. In addition, since all vertical components are factory-produced and a set of molds are used for horizontal components, the vertical component error accuracy of the entire building is less than or equal to 2mm, and the horizontal components have zero error, ensuring that the project quality meets excellent standards.

[0103] It is understandable that in the above method, only the steps related to the improvement of the present application are shown instead of all the steps. Therefore, the steps or the construction operations in each step are not seamlessly connected, and other necessary or unnecessary steps or construction operations may be interspersed as needed. For example, after all the vertical prefabricated components of the current construction layer are assembled, all the jacking rods are controlled to fall back to the top and flush with the upper surface of the horizontal floor mold, and before the horizontal floor is poured, necessary operations such as tying horizontal steel bars above the horizontal floor mold are also included. Similar points can be improved by those skilled in the art according to actual construction needs and construction specifications. The prior art that is not related to the improvement of the present application is not described in this application, but it should not be considered that the disclosure of this application is insufficient.

[0104] It should be noted that a standard floor in a building is a collective term for all floors in the building that have complete functionalities and the same floor plan. In the description of this application, the top floor refers to the highest floor among the standard floors. It is understood that in some cases, the top floor may not be the top floor of the building. There may be functional floors above the top floor for locating various equipment, such as a computer room.

[0105] In some embodiments, after the top floor slab 121 is constructed and before the top floor is constructed, the step of constructing the rooftop functional layer is further included (S41). Specifically, various functional rooms, such as a machine room, are assembled on the top floor slab 121. In addition, necessary or unnecessary structures such as stairwells, fire water tanks, and parapets may also be installed as needed.

[0106] Regarding the construction of the jacking system dismantling process, this application provides the following two specific implementation methods.

[0107] In some examples of the first embodiment, the construction method further includes the step of S71 dismantling the jacking system: after the construction of all floors above the floor where the jacking system 2 is located is completed, the jacking rods 211 are controlled to jack up the constructed building part to a level above the horizontal floor mold 3, the horizontal floor mold 3 is removed, all the jacking rods 211 are controlled to fall back to the top elevation of the floor where the jacking system 2 is located, the floor where the jacking system 2 is located is constructed and a gap 13 is left corresponding to the position of the jack 21, the upper and lower floors are connected, the jack 21 is removed, the gap 13 position is repaired, and the dismantling of the jacking system 2 is completed. When construction is performed according to an embodiment of this embodiment, the construction of the floor where the jacking system 2 is located is performed after the construction of the floor above it is completed.

[0108] In some embodiments of the second embodiment, as shown in FIG12 , during the process of setting up the jacking system 2, the floor where the jacking system 2 is located is constructed and a gap 13 is left corresponding to the position of the jack 21. The jack 21 is set in the gap 13, and a top floor slab 123 of the floor where the jacking system 2 is located is cast on the top of the floor where the jacking system 2 is located. An opening 1231 is formed on the top floor slab 123 for the jacking rod 211 to extend or retract, and the horizontal floor slab mold 3 is set on the top floor slab 123 of the floor where the jacking system 2 is located; the construction method also includes the step of dismantling the jacking system 2 at S72: After the construction of more than two floors above the floor where the jacking system 2 is located is completed, the jacking rods 211 are controlled to jack up the constructed part of the building to a height greater than the height of the upper floor of the floor where the jacking system 2 is located, the horizontal floor mold 3 is removed, and the vertical prefabricated components of the upper floor of the floor where the jacking system 2 is located are assembled. All jacking rods 211 are controlled to fall back so that the bottom (excluding the support seat) of the vertical prefabricated components of the upper floor of the floor where the jacking system 2 is located is flush with the upper surface of the top floor 123 of the floor where the jacking system 2 is located, and the upper and lower floors are connected. The jacks 21 are removed, the gap 13 position is repaired, and the demolition construction of the jacking system 2 is completed. When construction is carried out according to the embodiment of this embodiment, the construction of the part of the building on the floor where the jacking system 2 is located is carried out before the construction of the top floor. The horizontal floor mold 3 can be fixedly installed on the top floor 123 of the floor where the jacking system 2 is located. After the construction of all floors above the floor where the jacking system 2 is located is completed, the jacking system 2 is removed and the gap 13 is repaired.

[0109] In the two embodiments of the above-mentioned dismantling construction of the jacking system, the construction of the floor where the jacking system 2 is located can be carried out by assembling vertical prefabricated components or by other methods such as on-site casting, which is not limited in this application. When the vertical prefabricated component assembly method is adopted, for the vertical prefabricated components constituting the floor where the jacking system 2 is located, a gap 13 is reserved for the location of the jack 21 during the prefabrication process, and the jack 21 is located in the gap 13 after assembly; when the on-site casting method is adopted, a gap 13 is formed during the casting process to avoid the location of the jack 21, and the jack 21 is located in the gap 13 after casting. In addition, with regard to matters not described in the above embodiments, such as the connection of steel bars between the upper and lower layers, those skilled in the art may refer to the prior art.

[0110] According to the method provided in this embodiment, the jacking system 2 can be removed smoothly. It can be understood that, in order to facilitate construction, the height of the selected jack 21 when the jacking rod 211 is retracted should not be greater than the floor height of one floor, so that the removal of the jacking system 2 will only affect the construction of one floor.

[0111] In some embodiments, the jacks 21 are hydraulic jacks, each equipped with a separate hydraulic station. The jacking rods 211 of each hydraulic jack can be extended and retracted both synchronously and independently. The error in the synchronous motion of the hydraulic jacks is controlled to be within 1 / 500 of the maximum horizontal distance between the hydraulic cylinders of any two adjacent hydraulic jacks in operation, thereby ensuring that the construction requirements for controlling the curvature of the concrete are met. After the construction of each floor is completed, each hydraulic jack in the jacking system 2 can synchronously lift the constructed building portion. Moreover, during the assembly of each vertical prefabricated component 11 on the current construction floor, each hydraulic jack can also independently extend and retract corresponding to the vertical prefabricated component 11 currently being assembled. During the independent extension and retraction process, both stroke control and torque precision control can be achieved.

[0112] In some embodiments, the number of hydraulic jacks and the weight each hydraulic jack needs to bear are determined based on the total weight of the building. The load cross section of the hydraulic cylinder of the hydraulic jack is determined based on the working pressure and jacking area of ​​the hydraulic station, and the appropriate hydraulic jack is selected based on the load cross section. During the construction process according to the construction method of this application, each jack 21 in the jacking system 2 needs to bear the weight of the constructed portion of the entire building. It is understandable that when determining the number of jacks 21, it is calculated based on the total weight of the building, that is, the number of jacks 21 is determined based on the maximum working load. During the construction process, the number of jacks 21 in the working state and the lifting force of the jacks 21 can be adjusted according to the weight of the completed part of the building to achieve jacking control of the construction building. It should be noted that the calculation methods required in this embodiment, such as structural mechanics, can be calculated based on the professional knowledge of ordinary technicians in this field and construction specifications. This application does not describe the specific calculation methods in detail.

[0113] During the construction process, the vertical prefabricated components 11 of the current construction layer are assembled in sequence. During each assembly process, the jacking rod 211 corresponding to the position of the currently assembled vertical prefabricated component 11 is controlled to retract so that the vertical prefabricated component 11 can be smoothly assembled to the corresponding position. The size of the vertical prefabricated component 11 will affect the number of jacks 21 supported below it, thereby affecting the number of jacks 21 retracted during each assembly process, and further affecting the stability of the jacking system 2 for the building support during the retraction process. In other words, during the construction process, it is necessary to ensure that: when the jacking rod 211 supporting each vertical prefabricated component 11 is retracted, the entire building meets the requirements of the construction and design structure specifications, ensuring structural stability.

[0114] Specifically, in some embodiments, the split design of the vertical prefabricated components 11 that constitute the building structure must meet the following requirements: during construction, the number of jacking rods 211 supporting each vertical prefabricated component 11 is less than 10% of the total number of jacking rods 211 in operation. At the outset of construction, requirements for the division of the building structure based on structural safety are established, and the formation of the vertical prefabricated components 11 is linked to the safety of the subsequent construction process. The vertical prefabricated components 11 are prefabricated and formed according to these requirements. Therefore, during the construction process, even if the corresponding jacking rod 211 is retracted during the assembly of each vertical prefabricated component 11, no damage will be caused to the building structure, thereby ensuring structural safety during construction.

[0115] In some embodiments, a support seat 111 is provided at the bottom of each vertical prefabricated component 11 at a position corresponding to the jacking rod 211. The height of the support seat 111 is the same as the thickness of the horizontal floor slab 12 to be cast. During the construction process, the jacking rod 211 supports and lifts the vertical prefabricated component 11 through the support seat 111. After the assembly of all vertical prefabricated components 11 of the current construction layer is completed, all the jacking rods 211 are controlled to fall until the top is flush with the upper surface 31 of the horizontal floor slab mold. The horizontal floor slab 12 is cast on site on the upper surface 31 of the horizontal floor slab mold to form the horizontal floor slab 12. The support seat 111 and the horizontal floor slab 12 are cast in place as a whole. By providing a support seat 111 with the same thickness as the horizontal floor slab 12 at the bottom of the vertical prefabricated component 11, when the top of the jacking rod 211 is flush with the upper surface 31 of the horizontal floor slab mold, the bottom of the vertical prefabricated component 11 is supported at the height of the upper surface of the horizontal floor slab 12, which will not affect the casting of the horizontal floor slab mold 3, and can achieve precise control of the floor height. Optionally, the support seat 111 can be integrally formed with the vertical prefabricated component 11 in step S1. The present application has no special requirements on the shape of the support seat 111. For example, the cross-section of the support seat 111 can be circular or square, as long as the height of the support seat 111 meets the above requirements. In addition, in some embodiments, part of the surface of the horizontal floor slab mold 3 is concave downward and protrudes from the lower surface, which is used to tie horizontal steel bars inside. After pouring, the horizontal steel bars are cast in place with the horizontal floor slab. In this case, it can be understood that the thickness of the horizontal floor slab 12 is the overall thickness of the position where the horizontal steel bars are built in, that is, the maximum thickness of the horizontal floor slab.

[0116] To shape the cast-in-place concrete, as shown in Figure 2a, the horizontal floor slab mold 33 has a downwardly recessed casting trough 33. Concrete is cast in-place in the casting trough 33 and shaped to form the horizontal floor slab 12. The upper surface of the bottom of the casting trough 33 serves as the upper surface of the horizontal mold. It will be appreciated that the upper surface of the horizontal floor slab 12 cast in the horizontal floor slab mold 3 constitutes the floor of the upper floor, while the lower surface constitutes the ceiling of the lower floor. Since the vertical prefabricated components 11 are equipped with steel bars for realizing vertical connection, in order not to affect the vertical connection between the upper and lower layers, steel bar holes are opened at the corresponding steel bar positions on the horizontal floor slab mold 3. After all the vertical prefabricated components 11 of the current construction layer are assembled, all the lifting rods 211 are controlled to descend to the top and be flush with the upper surface 31 of the horizontal floor slab mold. At this time, the steel bars at the bottom of the vertical prefabricated components 11 pass through the horizontal floor slab mold 3 through the steel bar holes and are exposed from the bottom of the horizontal floor slab mold 3. Then, concrete is poured in the casting trough 33 of the horizontal floor slab mold 3 to form a horizontal floor slab 12. At this time, the steel bars are fixed in the horizontal floor slab 12 and the exposed part below is used to connect with the next floor.

[0117] In some embodiments, one or more decorative molds 34 are formed on the upper surface 31 of the horizontal floor mold through processing. The decorative molds include, but are not limited to, one or more of lamp holders, lamp pools, decorative moldings, and multi-level ceilings. The corresponding decorative molds can be formed on the lower surface of the horizontal floor 12 (i.e., the ceiling surface of the next floor) formed by casting using the horizontal floor mold 3. As shown in Figures 2a and 2b, decorative molds 34 are formed within the casting trough 33 of the horizontal floor mold 3. For example, a lamp holder mold 341 is formed in the center of each room, and a decorative molding mold 342 is formed at each sideline. After casting, lamp holders and decorative moldings are formed on the ceiling of each floor. By forming various decorative shapes into molds 34 on the horizontal floor mold 3, the decorative effect is simultaneously achieved using the building's structural components (the horizontal floor 12). Various decorative shapes can be formed during the building construction process, saving time and costs for later interior decoration. Because the horizontal floor 12 is cast from concrete, these decorative shapes will not crack during later use and require no repair or maintenance, resulting in a long lifespan and low cost. Furthermore, because the various decorative shapes are cast using molds 34, they offer high quality and a high degree of standardization. Figures 2a and 3b only illustrate a portion of the horizontal floor mold. The remaining portion can be referenced and supplemented based on the shape of the horizontal floor.

[0118] In some embodiments, the horizontal floor slab mold 3 is equipped with a heating system. After pouring at the construction site, the heating system can heat and cure the concrete on the horizontal floor slab mold 3, accelerating the setting of the concrete, eliminating the need for long wait times and effectively shortening the construction period. Specifically, the heating system can use electric heating or other heating methods.

[0119] In some embodiments, in order to achieve the fixation of the horizontal floor slab mold 3, the horizontal floor slab mold 3 can be fixedly connected to the top of the hydraulic cylinder of the jacking system 2, so that the horizontal floor slab mold 3 is supported on the hydraulic cylinder of the jacking system 2, which facilitates the fixation of the horizontal floor slab mold 3. Since a through hole 32 is opened on the horizontal floor slab mold 3 at the position corresponding to the jacking rod 211, it will not affect the lifting and lowering of the jacking rod 211.

[0120] In some embodiments, in the step of lifting the horizontal floor slab cast in the previous casting in S51, the lifting height is: the distance between the lower surface of the horizontal floor slab 12 cast in the previous casting and the upper surface of the horizontal formwork mold 3> the floor height of the current construction layer + the length of the exposed steel bars at the bottom of the horizontal floor slab 12 cast in the previous casting + the thickness of the horizontal floor slab to be cast in the current construction layer. Lifting the completed floor to this height provides sufficient construction height in the vertical direction for the current construction layer, which can ensure the smooth progress of the current construction. Those skilled in the art can select a height within the above range that is convenient for the installation and binding of the horizontal steel bars of beams and slabs according to actual construction needs.

[0121] In some embodiments, adjacent floors are connected by grouting sleeves 4. Specifically, the grouting sleeves 4 are semi-grouting. During the forming process of the vertical prefabricated component 11, the grouting sleeves 4 are prefabricated at the top of the vertical prefabricated component 11. The lower half of the grouting sleeves 4 are connected to the steel bars 81 of the current floor by a non-grouting method (for example, a threaded connection, etc.) during the prefabrication of the vertical prefabricated component 11. The upper half of the grouting sleeves 4 are connected to the steel bars 82 of the previous floor by grouting during the floor construction process. Multiple grouting sleeves 4 can be arranged side by side in each vertical prefabricated component 11, and the position of each grouting sleeve 4 corresponds to the position of the steel bars 82 of the previous floor. For example, two rows of grouting sleeves 4 can be arranged side by side in the thickness direction of the vertical prefabricated component 11, and each row of grouting sleeves 4 includes multiple grouting sleeves 4 evenly distributed along the width direction of the vertical prefabricated component 11.

[0122] Specifically, as shown in Figures 3a and 3b, the interior of the grouting sleeve 4 is hollow, and a grouting hole 41 communicating with the interior is formed in the upper half of the grouting sleeve 4. The grouting hole 41 is communicated with the exterior of the vertical prefabricated component 11. During the grouting process, slurry is injected into the interior of the grouting sleeve 4 through the grouting hole 41 and overflows through the opening 42 at the top of the grouting sleeve 4. The grouting sleeve 4 can use the existing semi-grouting sleeve 4 currently available on the market. The non-grouting end of the existing semi-grouting sleeve 4 is facing downward and connected to the reinforcement 81 of the current floor by means of threads or the like, and then built into the interior of the vertical prefabricated component 11. The original slurry outlet hole is used as the grouting hole 41 in this embodiment, and the original grouting hole 41 is closed so that the slurry injected into the interior of the grouting sleeve 4 through the grouting hole 41 can only flow out of the exterior of the grouting sleeve 4 through the opening 42 at the top.

[0123] During the construction of each floor, while the currently assembled vertical prefabricated component 11 is being installed in its corresponding position, the steel bars 82 of the previous floor are inserted into the upper half of the grouting sleeve 4 inside the currently assembled vertical prefabricated component 1102. After the currently assembled vertical prefabricated component 1102 is assembled, the grouting sleeve 4 of the currently assembled vertical prefabricated component 1102 is grouted. Alternatively, after the assembly of multiple adjacent vertical prefabricated components 11 of the current construction layer is completed, the grouting sleeves 4 of multiple adjacent vertical prefabricated components 11 are grouted in sequence. After the grouting solidifies, the exposed steel bars below the previous floor are fixed in the grouting sleeve 4 of the next floor, achieving a stable connection between the upper and lower floors.

[0124] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 4a to 5b, a grouting hole 113 is formed at the top of one or more vertical prefabricated components 11 on the same floor. The grouting hole 113 is connected to the top opening 42 of each grouting sleeve 4. After one or more adjacent vertical prefabricated components 11 in the current construction layer are assembled or after all vertical prefabricated components 11 in the current construction layer are assembled, grouting is performed on each grouting sleeve 4 in order from far to near in terms of distance from the grouting hole 113. After grouting is observed in the grouting hole 113 during each grouting process, grouting of the current grouting sleeve 4 is completed, and then grouting of the next grouting sleeve 4 is performed. This method can ensure that the grouting fills the interior of the grouting sleeve 4 and the channel connected to the grouting hole 113 during each grouting process, thereby improving the reliability of the grouting connection between adjacent floors.

[0125] In the embodiment shown in Figures 4a to 4e, a plurality of grouting sleeves 4 are arranged side by side near the top of the vertical prefabricated component 11. The plurality of grouting sleeves 4 can be evenly distributed in the width direction of the vertical prefabricated component 11, thereby providing a stable connection at each position on the top of the vertical prefabricated component 11. After the vertical prefabricated component 11 of the current construction layer is hoisted to the corresponding position, the steel bars 82 of the upper floor are fixed in the horizontal floor slab 12 after the horizontal floor slab 12 is cast in place and extend from the bottom of the horizontal floor slab 12. The steel bars extending from the bottom of the horizontal floor slab 12 are inserted into the grouting sleeves 4 at the top of the vertical prefabricated component 11 of the current construction layer, and a fixed connection is achieved by injecting slurry into the grouting holes 41 and waiting for the slurry to solidify. According to the construction situation, grouting can be performed on each vertical prefabricated component 11 after it is installed in place, or the vertical prefabricated components 11 in the area can be grouted in sequence after multiple adjacent vertical prefabricated components 11 in the current construction layer are assembled, or the vertical prefabricated components 11 of the entire layer can be grouted in sequence after all the vertical prefabricated components 11 in the current construction layer are assembled.

[0126] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG5a , a downwardly recessed recess 112 is formed on the top of the vertical prefabricated component 11. The recess 112 passes through the top of the vertical prefabricated component 11 in the width direction, so that mutually connected slurry discharge channels 114 can be formed on the tops of adjacent vertical prefabricated components 11 on the same floor. The slurry discharge channels 114 are connected to the slurry discharge holes 113. For example, the slurry discharge holes 113 can be formed on the side wall of one side of the recess 112. To facilitate construction, the slurry discharge holes 113 can be prefabricated on each vertical prefabricated component 11. During on-site construction, unnecessary slurry discharge holes 113 can be blocked according to the construction situation, leaving only the necessary slurry discharge holes 113 for observing the slurry discharge situation.

[0127] In some embodiments, in step S72, grouting sleeves are installed at the top and bottom of the vertical prefabricated components constituting the first standard floor. After the vertical prefabricated components constituting the first standard floor are assembled, during the fallback process, the exposed steel bars at the top of the next floor below the first standard floor are inserted into the grouting sleeves at the bottom of the first standard floor, and the upper and lower floors are connected by grouting. The grouting method of the top grouting sleeve is similar to the above embodiment; the upper half of the bottom grouting sleeve is connected to the steel bars of the current floor by means of threads or other means, and the lower half is connected to the steel bars of the next floor below the first standard floor by grouting.

[0128] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 6a to 7c, a reinforcement frame system 5 is set up at the construction site. The reinforcement frame system 5 includes a support frame 51 built around the periphery of the building body 1. A plurality of horizontal limiters 52 are arranged on the support frame 51 along the periphery of the building body 1. The horizontal limiters 52 can be extended or retracted in the horizontal direction. When extended, the horizontal limiters 52 support the peripheral wall surface of the building body 1, thereby limiting the horizontal displacement of the building body 1 during construction. The horizontal limiters 52 can be implemented using hydraulic rods 72 arranged in the horizontal direction, or other feasible implementation methods.

[0129] In some embodiments, further referring to Figures 7a and 7b, the reinforced external frame system 5 also includes a plurality of rolling elements 53 disposed around the periphery of the building 1. The rolling surfaces of the rolling elements 53 contact the peripheral wall surface of the building 1, and the plurality of rolling elements 53 cooperate with each other to limit the horizontal displacement of the building 1 during the lifting process. During the lifting process of the building, the horizontal limiter 52 can be controlled to retract, releasing the limiting effect of the horizontal limiter 52 on the building 1 to prevent the horizontal limiter 52 from adversely affecting the vertical displacement of the building 1. The rolling elements 53 can roll with the displacement of the building 1 without adversely affecting the vertical displacement of the building 1, and can limit the horizontal displacement of the building 1 during the vertical displacement process. When the building 1 is vertically displaced to its full height, the horizontal limiter 52 can be controlled to extend to the peripheral wall surface of the building 1, further enhancing horizontal stability. Optionally, the rolling elements 53 can be wheels.

[0130] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 7 a , the reinforcement outer frame system 5 further includes a working platform 54 disposed on top of the support frame 51 . The working platform 54 is supported by the support frame 51 and is used as a loading and construction platform during the construction process.

[0131] In the embodiment shown in Figures 6a to 6d, the reinforcement external frame system 5 is installed two stories above the foundation or transfer layer, at the same height as the assembly location of the vertical prefabricated components. The jacking system 2 is installed above the foundation or transfer layer 10 below the ground. The support frame 51 of the reinforcement external frame system 5 is installed around the periphery of the building 1 and supports the working platform 54 at a certain height around the periphery of the building 1 (approximately one floor height in the figure). The working platform 54 is hollow, and its shape generally matches the shape of the periphery of the building 1 to facilitate operation. Rolling members 53 can be installed on the surface of the working platform 54 facing the peripheral wall of the building 1. The rolling members 53 are evenly arranged along the periphery of the building 1. The horizontal stopper 52 is located near the bottom of the support frame 51. This ensures a vertical height difference between the rolling members 53 and the horizontal stopper 52. The combined action of the rolling members 53 and the horizontal stopper 52 can ensure that the horizontal position of the building 1 is maintained within a certain height range, thereby improving the limiting effect of the reinforcement external frame system 5 and enhancing the stability of the building structure and the safety of construction.

[0132] In some embodiments, during the assembly of the vertical prefabricated components 11, the currently assembled vertical prefabricated component 1102 is hoisted to the corresponding position using a hoisting method. Specifically, as shown in Figures 8a to 9b, a lifting device 6 is installed on both sides of the vertical prefabricated component 1101 of the previous floor, and a hoisting seat 601 is installed on both sides of the currently assembled vertical prefabricated component 1102. The hooks of the lifting device 6 are respectively connected to the hoisting seats 601, and the currently assembled vertical prefabricated component 1102 is hoisted to the bottom of the corresponding vertical prefabricated component 1101 on the previous floor for assembly. To facilitate hoisting, a hoisting hole 122 is opened on the horizontal floor 12 for the hook and rope of the lifting device 6 to pass through. As shown in Figures 8a and 8b, for the vertical prefabricated components 11 that form the exterior walls of a building, the hooks and slings of the lifting equipment 6 located on the exterior wall can be directly connected to the lifting base 601 of the vertical prefabricated components 11 on the next floor without passing through the horizontal floor slab 12. The hooks and slings of the lifting equipment 6 located on the interior wall must pass through the lifting holes 122 in the horizontal floor slab mold 3 to connect to the lifting base 601 of the vertical prefabricated components 11 on the next floor. The lifting equipment 6 can be an electric hoist or other equipment that can achieve lifting.

[0133] In some embodiments, during the construction process, the vertical prefabricated components 11 are transported to the construction site using a universal transport vehicle 7. As shown in Figures 10a and 10b, the wheels of the universal transport vehicle 7 are Mecanum wheels 71. The universal transport vehicle 7 also includes hydraulic rods 72 for supporting the vertical prefabricated components 11 on both sides. As shown in Figures 11a and 11ba, during transportation, the vertical prefabricated components 11 are placed upright between the hydraulic rods 72. By adjusting the pressure of the hydraulic rods 72, the hydraulic rods 72 support the vertical prefabricated components 11 from both sides, thereby supporting the vertical prefabricated components 11. The Mecanum wheels 71 can be used to control the movement of the universal transport vehicle 7 in any direction to meet various transportation needs of the construction site.

[0134] In some embodiments, during the construction process, the floor, doors, windows and other decoration materials required for the current construction layer can be placed in the floor before the current construction layer is completed and jacked up. During the jacking process, they rise with the floor, saving the vertical transportation costs of the decoration materials.

[0135] Finally, it should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

Claims

1. A jacking-type reverse construction method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Prefabricate vertical prefabricated components for assembling building structures in factories according to design requirements; A jacking system is set up on the foundation layer or the transfer layer at the construction site, wherein the jacking system includes a plurality of jacks, each of which includes a retractable jacking rod, and the setting position of each jack corresponds to the installation position of the corresponding vertical prefabricated component to support and lift the corresponding vertical prefabricated component during the construction process; A horizontal floor slab mold is set up at the construction site, and the horizontal floor slab mold is used for casting and forming the horizontal floor slab between each layer, and the upper surface of the horizontal floor slab mold is used as the construction layer. The horizontal floor slab mold is provided with a through hole corresponding to each of the jacking rods, and the jacking rods can extend upward or retract downward through the through hole; Construction of the top floor slab: controlling the top of the jacking rod to be flush with the upper surface of the horizontal floor slab mold, and pouring a horizontal floor slab constituting the top floor slab on the horizontal floor slab mold; Top floor construction, including: Lifting the horizontal floor slab cast in the previous casting: controlling all the lifting rods to extend through the through holes and lifting the top floor slab to a height greater than the top floor height from the upper surface of the horizontal floor slab mold; Assembling vertical prefabricated components: transporting the vertical prefabricated components used to assemble the top floor to the site for sequential assembly. During the assembly process, firstly control the jacking rods corresponding to the positions of the currently assembled vertical prefabricated components to be retracted, while the other jacking rods remain in the jacking state. After the currently assembled vertical prefabricated components are installed to the corresponding positions below the horizontal floor slab cast in the previous time, control the corresponding jacking rods to be extended again to support the currently assembled vertical prefabricated components. In this way, the assembly of all vertical prefabricated components on the top floor is completed. Lifting rods fall back: control all the lifting rods to fall back to the top to be flush with the upper surface of the horizontal floor mold; Horizontal floor slab casting: casting is performed above the horizontal floor slab mold to form a horizontal floor slab, the upper surface of the horizontal floor slab constitutes the ground of the top floor, and the lower surface of the horizontal floor slab constitutes the ceiling of the second top floor; The construction from the second top layer downwards is completed in sequence according to the top layer construction method in the above steps.

2. The jacking-up reverse construction method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A support seat is provided at the position corresponding to the jacking rod at the bottom of each vertical prefabricated component, and the height of the support seat is the same as the thickness of the horizontal floor slab to be cast. During the construction process, the jacking rod supports and lifts the vertical prefabricated components through the support seat. After the assembly of all vertical prefabricated components of the current construction layer is completed, all the jacking rods are controlled to fall to the top and be flush with the upper surface of the horizontal floor slab mold, and the horizontal floor slab is cast on-site on the upper surface of the horizontal floor slab mold to form the horizontal floor slab. The support seat and the horizontal floor slab are cast as a whole.

3. The jacking-up construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step of lifting the horizontal floor slab cast in the previous casting, the lifting height is: the distance between the lower surface of the horizontal floor slab cast in the previous casting and the upper surface of the horizontal formwork mold > the floor height of the current construction layer + the length of the steel bars exposed at the bottom of the horizontal floor slab cast in the previous casting + the thickness of the horizontal floor slab to be cast in the current construction layer.

4. The jacking-up reverse construction method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The jacks are hydraulic jacks, and the lifting rods of the hydraulic jacks can be extended and retracted synchronously or independently. The error of the synchronous movement of the hydraulic jacks is controlled within 1 / 500 of the maximum value of the horizontal distance between the hydraulic cylinders of any two adjacent hydraulic jacks in all hydraulic jacks in working state.

5. The jacking-up reverse construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The split design of the vertical prefabricated components constituting the building structure must meet the following requirements: during the construction process, the number of the jacking rods supporting each vertical prefabricated component is less than 10% of the total number of jacking rods in working condition.

6. The jacking-up reverse construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: A reinforcement frame system is set up at the construction site, and the reinforcement frame system includes a support frame built around the outer periphery of the building. A plurality of horizontal limit members are arranged on the support frame along the outer peripheral direction of the building. The horizontal limit members can be extended or retracted in the horizontal direction. When the horizontal limit members are extended, they support the outer peripheral wall of the building to limit the horizontal displacement of the building during the construction process.

7. The jacking-up reverse construction method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The reinforced external frame system also includes a plurality of rolling members arranged around the periphery of the building body, the rolling surfaces of the rolling members are in contact with the peripheral wall of the building body and the plurality of rolling members cooperate with each other to limit the horizontal displacement of the building body during the lifting process, and there is a height difference between the rolling members and the horizontal limit members in the vertical direction.

8. The jacking-up reverse construction method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The reinforced external frame system also includes a working platform arranged on the top of the supporting frame. The working platform is supported by the supporting frame and is used as a loading and construction platform during the construction process.

9. The jacking-up reverse construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The construction method also includes the step of dismantling the jacking system: after the construction of the floors above the floor where the jacking system is located is completed, the jacking rods are controlled to jack up the constructed part of the building to a level higher than the horizontal floor mold, the horizontal floor mold is removed, all the jacking rods are controlled to fall back to the top elevation of the floor where the jacking system is located, the floor where the jacking system is located is constructed and a gap is left corresponding to the position of the jack, the upper and lower floors are connected, the jacks are removed, the gap position is repaired, and the dismantling of the jacking system is completed.

10. The jacking-up reverse construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the process of setting up the jacking system, the floor where the jacking system is located is constructed and a gap is left corresponding to the position of the jack, the jack is set in the gap, the top floor slab of the floor where the jacking system is located is cast on the top of the floor where the jacking system is located, an opening for the jacking rod to extend or retract is formed on the top floor slab, and the horizontal floor slab mold is set on the top floor slab of the floor where the jacking system is located; The construction method also includes the step of dismantling the jacking system: After the construction of more than two floors above the floor where the jacking system is located is completed, the jacking rods are controlled to jack up the constructed part of the building to a height greater than the height of the upper floor of the floor where the jacking system is located, the horizontal floor mold is removed, and the vertical prefabricated components of the upper floor of the floor where the jacking system is located are assembled, and all the jacking rods are controlled to fall back so that the bottom of the vertical prefabricated components of the upper floor of the floor where the jacking system is located is flush with the upper surface of the top floor of the floor where the jacking system is located, the upper and lower floors are connected, the jacks are removed, the gaps are repaired, and the demolition construction of the jacking system is completed.

11. The jacking-up reverse construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the horizontal floor mold is processed to form a mold with one or more decorative shapes, and the decorative shapes include but are not limited to: one or more of lamp holders, lamp pools, decorative lines and multi-level ceilings. The lower ceiling surface of the horizontal floor formed by casting using the horizontal floor mold can form corresponding decorative shapes.

12. The jacking-up reverse construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Adjacent floors are connected by grouting sleeves, which are semi-grouting forms. During the forming process of the vertical prefabricated component, the grouting sleeve is prefabricated at the top of the vertical prefabricated component. The lower half of the grouting sleeve is connected to the steel bars of the current floor by a non-grouting method during the prefabrication of the vertical prefabricated component, and the upper half of the grouting sleeve is connected to the steel bars of the upper floor by a grouting method during the floor construction process.

13. The jacking-up reverse construction method according to claim 12, characterized in that: The interior of the grouting sleeve is hollow, and a grouting hole connected to the interior is formed in the upper half of the grouting sleeve, and the grouting hole is connected to the outside of the vertical prefabricated component. During the grouting process, the slurry is injected into the interior of the grouting sleeve through the grouting hole and overflows through the opening at the top of the grouting sleeve.

14. The jacking-up top-down construction method according to claim 13, characterized in that: During the construction process of each floor, in the process of installing the currently assembled vertical prefabricated components to the corresponding positions, the steel bars of the previous floor are inserted into the upper half of the grouting sleeve inside the currently assembled vertical prefabricated components, and after the assembly of the currently assembled vertical prefabricated components is completed, the grouting sleeves of the currently assembled vertical prefabricated components are grouted, or after the assembly of multiple adjacent vertical prefabricated components of the current construction layer is completed, the grouting sleeves of the multiple adjacent vertical prefabricated components are grouted in sequence.

15. The jacking-up reverse construction method according to claim 14, characterized in that: A grouting hole is formed at the top of one or more of the vertical prefabricated components in the same floor, and the grouting hole is communicated with the top opening of each grouting sleeve. After one or more adjacent vertical prefabricated components in the current construction layer are assembled or after all the vertical prefabricated components in the current construction layer are assembled, grouting is performed on each grouting sleeve in order from far to near from the grouting hole. After grouting is observed from the grouting hole during each grouting process, grouting of the current grouting sleeve is completed, and then grouting of the next grouting sleeve is performed.

16. The jacking-up reverse construction method according to claim 15, characterized in that: A downwardly recessed portion is formed at the top of the vertical prefabricated component, and the recessed portion penetrates the top of the vertical prefabricated component in the width direction to form mutually connected slurry outlet channels at the tops of the adjacent vertical prefabricated components on the same floor, and the slurry outlet channels are connected to the slurry outlet holes.

17. The jacking-up reverse construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the construction process, the vertical prefabricated components are transported to the construction site by a universal transport vehicle, the wheels of the universal transport vehicle are Mecanum wheels, and the universal transport vehicle also includes hydraulic rods for supporting the vertical prefabricated components on both sides.

18. The jacking-up top-down construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The currently assembled vertical prefabricated components are hoisted to corresponding positions by a hoisting method. Specifically, lifting equipment is installed on both sides of the vertical prefabricated components of the upper floor, and hoisting seats are installed on both sides of the currently assembled vertical prefabricated components. The hooks of the lifting equipment are connected to the corresponding hoisting seats, and the currently assembled vertical prefabricated components are hoisted to the bottom of the corresponding vertical prefabricated components of the upper floor for assembly. Hoisting holes are opened on the horizontal floor slab for the hooks and ropes of the lifting equipment to pass through.