Plastic hose fitting

Abstract

Disclosed are improved hose fittings and methods of assembly that are adaptable to a variety of metal tube and / or hose sizes without the need for expanding the metal tube and without requiring multiple iterations of the metal tubes and / or hose sizes on hand. The hose fitting may include a cavity on a proximal end of the hose fitting that is configured to receive an O-ring and a distal end of a spacer. A proximal end of the spacer may be positionable outside of the hose fitting and between the hose fitting and an external stop point on the metal tube. A distal end of the hose fitting may generally align with a distal end of the metal tube when the hose fitting and components are assembled thereon. Flaring of the distal end of the metal tube into a clearance space within the distal end of the hose fitting may increase the outer circumference of the metal tube, securing the hose fitting and preventing the hose fitting from being removed. The spacer, as a result of pressure from contact with the external stop point may compress the O-ring against an edge of the cavity and form a seal. The hose fitting may be configured to receive a hose or other component of the system.

Description

PLASTIC HOSE FITTINGCROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] The application claims priority to U.S. Patent Application No. 63 / 558,786, filed on February 28, 2024, entitled “PLASTIC HOSE FITTING,” which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0002] The present disclosure relates generally to a hose fitting and, more particularly, to a plastic hose fitting configured to interface with metal tubes of varying diameters, for example, in heat exchangers, suction tubes, return tubes, diesel exhaust fluid (DEF) headers, and the like.BACKGROUND

[0003] Metal tubing is standard in many industrial, hydraulic, and automotive applications due to its durability, strength, resistance to corrosion, customizability, heat transfer and thermal management capabilities, and general suitability for transporting fluids, gases, and other materials. For example, metal tubing is often used in Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) systems, diesel engine systems, and selective catalytic reduction (SCR) systems where DEF, comprising urea and deionized water, is used to counteract nitrogen oxides (NOx) generated from the combustion process and to react with and convert the NOx emissions into harmless nitrogen and water vapor, significantly reducing air pollution. Metal tubing is also used in heat exchangers, in another example, where the devices facilitate the efficient exchange ofthermal energy between two or more fluids at different temperatures without the fluids coming into direct contact with one another, allowing the heating or cooling of the fluids and having use in HVAC and refrigeration systems as well as various manufacturing processes. It is noted that metal tubing is used in a variety of other applications and is not limited to the foregoing examples.

[0004] Given the ubiquity of metal tubing in a variety of applications, it is often necessary to be able to connect the metal tubing to another tube, hose, or part of the system. Conventionally, such connection may be achieved by having a variety of hose sizes to accommodate a variety of metal tubing sizes (or vice versa having a variety of metal tubing sizes to accommodate a variety of hose sizes), or expanding the end of the metal tube to a size, e.g., to a desired outer diameter, that can interface with the desired hose size, e.g., an inner diameter of the desired hose. Both options, however, require having on hand multiple iterations of the metal tubing and / or hose sizes or additional method steps including expanding the metal tube to a particular size prior to assembly with the corresponding hose, which similarly require additional equipment on hand.

[0005] As a result, there is a need for improved hose fittings and methods of assembly that are adaptable to a variety of metal tube and / or hose sizes without the need for expanding the metal tube and without requiring multiple iterations of the metal tubes and / or hose sizes on hand.SUMMARY

[0006] The following presents a summary of this disclosure to provide a basic understanding of some aspects. This summary is intended to neither identify key or critical elements nor define any limitations of embodiments or claims. Furthermore, this summary may provide a simplified overview of some aspects that may be described in greater detail in other portions of this disclosure. Any of the described aspects may be isolated or combined with otherdescribed aspects without limitation to the same effect as if they had been described separately and in every possible combination explicitly.

[0007] Disclosed are improved hose fittings and methods of assembly that are adaptable to a variety of metal tube and / or hose sizes without the need for expanding the metal tube and without requiring multiple iterations of the metal tubes and / or hose sizes on hand. The hose fitting may include a cavity on a proximal end of the hose fitting that is configured to receive an O-ring and a distal end of a spacer. A proximal end of the spacer may be positionable outside of the hose fitting and between the hose fitting and an external stop point on the metal tube. A distal end of the hose fitting may generally align with a distal end of the metal tube when the hose fitting and components are assembled thereon. Flaring of the distal end of the metal tube into a clearance space within the distal end of the hose fitting may increase the outer circumference of the metal tube, securing the hose fitting and preventing the hose fitting from being removed. The spacer, as a result of pressure from contact with the external stop point may compress the O-ring against an edge of the cavity and form a seal. The hose fitting may be configured to receive a hose or other component of the system.

[0008] Disclosed is a hose fitting for attachment to variable sized-tubes. In an embodiment, the hose fitting may comprise a distal end, a proximal end, a cylindrical body, and an interior channel therethrough running between the distal end and the proximal end. In an embodiment, the hose fitting may be configured to receive a tube comprising a tube distal end. In an embodiment, the interior channel may be configured to receive a tube comprising a tube distal end. In an embodiment, the cylindrical body of the hose fitting may have an inner diameter. In an embodiment, the hose fitting may comprise an interior cavity at the proximal end of the hose fitting. In an embodiment, the hose fitting may comprise a clearance space at the distal end of the hose fitting. In an embodiment, the tube distal end may be configured to align with the distal end of the hose fitting. In an embodiment, the clearance space may beconfigured to receive and flare the tube distal end to a diameter larger than the inner diameter of the cylindrical body of the hose fitting.

[0009] In an embodiment, the interior cavity may be configured to receive at least a portion of a spacer. In an embodiment, the interior cavity may be configured to receive an O-ring. In an embodiment, the O-ring may be configured to abut an interior wall of the cavity and a distal end of the spacer. In an embodiment, the tube may further comprise an external stop point having an outer diameter larger than an inner diameter of the spacer. In an embodiment, the spacer may be configured to abut the external stop point of the tube at a proximal end.

[0010] In an embodiment, the external stop point may be a protrusion that prevents further proximal movement of the hose fitting and spacer when coupled to the tube. In an embodiment, a length of the hose fitting and an exposed portion of the spacer when coupled thereto may be the same length as a portion of the tube between the tube distal end and the external stop point.

[0011] In an embodiment, the interior cavity may have a greater inner diameter than the inner diameter of the cylindrical body. In an embodiment, the clearance space may have a greater inner diameter than the inner diameter of the cylindrical body. In an embodiment, the clearance space may be tapered towards the distal end of the hose fitting. In an embodiment, an interior surface of the clearance space may be configured receive and flare the tube distal end against the interior surface of the clearance space. In an embodiment, the flared tube distal end may prevent distal movement of the hose fitting when coupled to the tube. In an embodiment, the inner diameter of the cylindrical body may be configured to receive any variable-sized tubes having a smaller diameter. In an embodiment, an exterior surface of the hose fitting may comprise one or more surface features configured to receive and retain a hose. In an embodiment, the one or more surface features may comprise a protrusion tapered toward the distal end of the hose fitting.

[0012] Disclosed is a method of attaching a hose fitting to a variable sized-tubes. In an embodiment, the method may comprise positioning a spacer over and onto a tube until an external stop point of the tube. In an embodiment, the external stop point may have a larger outer diameter than an inner diameter of the spacer. In an embodiment, the external stop point may prevent proximal movement of the spacer beyond the external stop point. In an embodiment, the method may comprise positioning an O-ring over and onto the tube adjacent the spacer. In an embodiment, the method may comprise inserting the hose fitting over and onto the tube, O-ring, and at least a portion of the spacer. In an embodiment, a distal end of the hose fitting may align with a distal end of the tube. In an embodiment, the distal end of the hose fitting may include a tapered interior edge having an inner diameter greater than an inner diameter of the hose fitting proximal the tapered interior edge. In an embodiment, the method may comprise flaring the distal end of the tube against the tapered interior edge of the distal end of the hose fitting so that a flared diameter of the tube is greater than the inner diameter of the hose fitting proximal the tapered interior edge. In an embodiment, the flared diameter of the tube may prevent distal movement of the hose fitting off the tube.

[0013] In an embodiment, the inner diameter of the hose fitting may be configured to receive any variable-sized tubes having a smaller diameter. In an embodiment, the method may comprise positioning a hose over an exterior surface of the hose fitting having one or more surface features configured to retain the hose on the hose fitting.

[0014] The following description and the drawings disclose various illustrative aspects. Some improvements and novel aspects may be expressly identified, while others may be apparent from the description and drawings.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The present teachings may be better understood by reference to the following detailed description taken in connection with the following illustrations, in which like reference characters refer to like parts throughout, wherein:

[0016] FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a plastic hose fitting attached to a metal tube in accordance with aspects disclosed herein;

[0017] FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a plastic hose fitting attached to a metal tube in accordance with aspects disclosed herein;

[0018] FIG. 3 shows an exploded view of an embodiment of a plastic hose fitting attachable to a metal tube in accordance with aspects disclosed herein;

[0019] FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a plastic hose fitting attached to a metal tube before flaring of the metal tube end in accordance with aspects disclosed herein;

[0020] FIG. 5 shows a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a plastic hose fitting attached to a metal tube after flaring of the metal tube end in accordance with aspects disclosed herein;

[0021] FIGs. 6A-B show cross-sectional views of an embodiment of a plastic hose fitting attached to a metal tube before and after end flaring of an end of the metal tube in accordance with aspects disclosed herein;

[0022] FIG. 7 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a plastic hose fitting attached to a metal tube in accordance with aspects disclosed herein;

[0023] FIG. 8 shows an embodiment of a method of assembly of a plastic hose fitting to a metal tube in accordance with aspects disclosed herein.

[0024] The invention may be embodied in several forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. The scope of the invention is defined in the appended claims, ratherthan in the specific description preceding them. All embodiments that fall within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced by the claims.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] Reference will now be made in detail to exemplary embodiments of the present teachings, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like numbered aspects refer to a common feature throughout. It is to be understood that other embodiments may be utilized and structural and functional changes may be made without departing from the respective scope of the present teachings. Moreover, features of the various embodiments may be combined or altered without departing from the scope of the present teachings. As such, the following description is presented by way of illustration only and should not limit in any way the various alternatives and modifications that may be made to the illustrated embodiments and still be within the spirit and scope of the present teachings.

[0026] In this disclosure, numerous specific details provide a thorough understanding of the subject disclosure. It should be understood that aspects of this disclosure may be practiced with other embodiments not necessarily including all aspects described herein, etc.

[0027] As used herein, the words “example” and “exemplary” means an instance, or illustration. The words “example” or “exemplary” do not indicate a key or preferred aspect or embodiment. The word “or” is intended to be inclusive rather than exclusive, unless context suggests otherwise. As an example, the phrase “A employs B or C,” includes any inclusive permutation (e.g., A employs B; A employs C; or A employs both B and C). As another matter, the articles “a” and “an” are generally intended to mean “one or more” unless context suggest otherwise.

[0028] Further, as herein disclosed, the terms “substantially,” “about,” “approximately,” and variations thereof describe features that are equal or approximately equal to a value or characteristic, as desired, reflecting tolerances, conversion factors, rounding off,measurement error, acceptable variation thresholds, and the like. For example, unless context or this disclosure suggests otherwise, the term “substantially” includes values or characteristics that are exact or within 15% of exact (or what is stated), for example within 10% of exact, or within 5% of exact. In another example, unless context or this disclosure suggests otherwise, the term “about” includes values within .5 of a degree to 1 degree of exact (or what is stated).

[0029] Further, unless context or this disclosure suggest otherwise, descriptions of shapes (e.g., circular, cylindrical, rectangular, triangular, etc.) refer to shapes meeting the definition of such shapes and general representation of such shapes. For instance, a triangular shape or generally triangular shape may include a shape that has three sides and three vertices or a shape that generally represents a triangle, such as a shape having three major sides that may or may not have straight edges, triangular like shapes with rounded vertices, etc. Additionally, unless context or this disclosure suggest otherwise, the terms such as tapered or angled may also include frustoconical and conical shapes. It is noted that any references to circumferences may be understood to also reference and include the corresponding diameter, radius, and the like and vice versa, where references to diameter, radius, and the like may be understood to also reference and include the corresponding circumference. It is noted that distal ends may also be referred to as a top end or top surface and proximal ends may also be referred to as a bottom end or bottom surface unless context or this disclosure suggest otherwise.

[0030] Turning to FIGs. 1-3, shown is a hose fitting 110 attached to a metal tube 10. Together, the hose fitting 110 and metal tube 10 may comprise assembly 100. It is noted that for systems and applications comprising more than one metal tube, more than one hose fitting may be used. For example, for systems and applications comprising two metal tubes, two hose fittings may be used (e.g., one hose fitting for each metal tube). In an embodiment, thenumber of hose fittings may generally correspond to the number of metal tubes. It is appreciated that one, more than one, one or more, more than two, two or more, a plurality, and the like, hose fittings and / or metal tubes may be used as may be desired given the particular system or application. The assembly 100 may be utilized as part of a diesel exhaust fluid system that injects DEF into the exhaust of diesel vehicles to reduce harmful emissions.

[0031] As described herein, the metal tubes may be of varying sizes, e.g., the metal tubes may have variable or different outer diameters. The same hose fittings (or hose fittings of the same type or size) may be used to accommodate and attach to the metal tubes of varying sizes without requiring different sizing of the hose fittings. For example, one type or size of hose fitting could be used to accommodate and attach to a variety of diameters and sizes of metal tubes, eliminating the need to carry different hoses and hose fittings or specifically sized hose fittings for each possible sized metal tube, or eliminating the additional method steps of expanding the metal tube that may otherwise be needed to fit to a conventional hose. A specific example may comprise the metal tube having a 10 mm outer diameter - although it can also be 8-15 mm among other sizes. The hose fittings may comprise an inner diameter of 5 / 8 of an inch, also the outer diameter of the hose fittings could also be 5 / 8 of an inch. These are merely exemplary; the dimensions may be of any appropriate size and are not limited to what is disclosed herein.

[0032] As disclosed herein, the described hose fittings 110, assemblies 100, and methods 1000 may adapt to different fitting outer diameters to mate with various other inner diameters, for example. The described hose fittings 110, assemblies 100, and methods 1000 may adapt to different fitting outer diameters (e.g., of the metal tube 10). The described hose fittings 110, assemblies 100, and methods 1000 may adapt to various other inner diameters (e.g., of the hose).

[0033] As shown in FIG. 3, the metal tube 10 may comprise a first open end 12, a generallycylindrical body 13, and an external stop point 14. The first open end 12 may also be referred to as a distal end of the metal tube 10. The metal tube 10 may be hollow and include a channel from the first open end 12 through the generally cylindrical body 13, and to a second open end of the metal tube 10. In an embodiment, the first open end 12 of the metal tube 10 may be continuous with the generally cylindrical body 13 distal the external stop point 14 of the metal tube 10 (e.g., between the first open end 12 of the metal tube 10 and the external stop point 14 of the metal tube 10). In am embodiment, the first open end 12 of the metal tube 10 and the generally cylindrical body 13 distal the external stop point 14 of the metal tube 10 (e.g., between the first open end 12 of the metal tube 10 and the external stop point 14 of the metal tube 10) may have approximately the same diameter prior to being coupled to the hose fitting 110. For example, the first open end 12 of the metal tube 10 and the generally cylindrical body 13 distal the external stop point 14 of the metal tube 10 (e.g., between the first open end 12 of the metal tube 10 and the external stop point 14 of the metal tube 10) may have approximately the same inner diameter and approximately the same outer diameter.

[0034] It is noted that the portion of the metal tube 10 proximal the external stop point 14 (e.g., between the external stop point 14 and the second open end of the metal tube 10) may have the same or similar inner and / or outer diameters of the first open end 12 of the metal tube 10 and the generally cylindrical body 13 distal the external stop point 14 of the metal tube 10 (e.g., between the first open end 12 of the metal tube 10 and the external stop point 14 of the metal tube 10), see FIGs. 3-4, for example. It is noted that the portion of the metal tube 10 proximal the external stop point 14 (e.g., between the external stop point 14 and the second open end of the metal tube 10) may also have a different diameter inner and / or outer diameters of the portion of the metal tube 10 distal the external stop point 14.

[0035] In an embodiment, the first open end 12 of the metal tube 10 may be generally configured to fit to a hose or other component of the system and to accept or couple with thehose fitting 110. In an embodiment, an outer circumference of the metal tube 10 at the first open end 12 and at the generally cylindrical body 13 distal the external stop point 14 (e.g., between the first open end 12 of the metal tube 10 and the external stop point 14 of the metal tube 10) may be smaller than an inner circumference of the hose fitting 110. The hose fitting 110 may be configured to slip over, make contact with, or otherwise couple to the first open end 12 and the generally cylindrical body 13 distal the external stop point 14 of the metal tube 10 (e.g., between the first open end 12 of the metal tube 10 and the external stop point 14 of the metal tube 10) up until the external stop point 14. In an embodiment, the inner circumference of the hose fitting 110 may be just larger than the outer circumference of the metal tube 10 at the first open end 12 and at the generally cylindrical body 13 distal the external stop point 14 such that the hose fitting 110 may nest with this portion of the metal tube 10. This may form a slip fit wherein the hose fitting 110 sits on a portion of the metal tube 10 preventing the hose fitting from being positioned beyond or below the metal tube 10.

[0036] In an example, the metal tube 10 may include a “bead” or external stop point 14 on the generally cylindrical body 13 of the metal tube 10. The external stop point 14 may comprise a protrusion, extension, pop out, ridge, tapering, patterning, or other surface feature so that the outer circumference of the metal tube 10 at the external stop point 14 is larger than the outer circumference of the metal tube 10 at the first open end 12 and at generally cylindrical body 13 distal the external stop point 14. In an embodiment, the larger outer circumference of the metal tube 10 at the external stop point 14 may be larger or the same as the inner circumference of the hose fitting 110 so that the hose fitting 110 may be configured to slip over the smaller outer diameter portions of the metal tube 10 (e.g., the first open end 12 and the generally cylindrical body 13 distal the external stop point 14), but only up until the larger outer diameter stop point 14 where the hose fitting 110 is stopped or prevented from sliding any further due to the larger diameter portion (e.g., the stop point), see FIG. 2,for example. As described herein, spacer 140 of the hose fitting 110 may contact or abut the external stop point 14.

[0037] It is noted that while embodiments described herein refer to a physical larger diameter stop point preventing further lateral movement of the hose fitting 110 on the metal tube 10, that other types of stopping or attachment mechanisms could be used, including, for example, mating threads, interlocks, friction patterning, adhesives, and the like. As described herein, flaring of the first open end 12 of the metal tube 10 against a corresponding end of the hose fitting 110 may assist in securing the hose fitting 110 to the metal tube 10.

[0038] As shown in FIG. 3, the external stop point 14 may comprise a continuous circular protrusion that extends around the entire circumference of the metal tube 10. The external stop point 14 may resemble and be referred to as a ring. In an embodiment, the external stop point 14 may not be continuous, but may be patterned, textured, or consist of broken or separate protrusions, ridges, pop outs, or the like. In an embodiment, the external stop point 14 may be formed from and integral to the metal tube 10. It is also noted that the external stop point 14 may be provided as a separate component that may be attachable to the metal tube 10.

[0039] In an embodiment, the external stop point 14 may change the external circumference or diameter 15 of the metal tube 10 and an inner circumference or diameter 16 of the metal tube 10. For example, the metal tube 10 may comprise a wall that forms the metal tube 10, wherein the wall that has an inner surface facing an interior of the metal tube 10 and an external surface that defines an exterior of the metal tube 10. At the external stop point 14, the wall of the metal tube 10 may protrude so that both the inner surface and the external surface are shifted to form the external stop point 14, thereby changing both the inner circumference and the external circumference of the metal tube 10 at the external stop point 14, see FIG. 4, for example. In an embodiment, the external stop point 14 may be formed onsite by inserting a tool into the metal tube 10 to form the external stop point 14 or the metal tube may be manufactured with the external stop point 14 formed, etc.

[0040] In an embodiment, the external stop point 14 may only change the external circumference or diameter 15 of the metal tube 10, while the inner circumference or diameter 16 of the metal tube 10 remains unchanged, e.g., from the first open end 12, to the generally cylindrical body distal the external stop point 14, to the external stop point 14, and to the generally cylindrical body proximal the external stop point 14. In other words, the inner circumference or diameter 16 of the metal tube 10 may be consistent across the entire length of the metal tube 10, while the external circumference or diameter 15 of the metal tube 10 may change at the external stop point 14. In an embodiment, the external circumference of the metal tube 10 on each side of the external stop point 14, e.g., distal and proximal the external stop point 14, may be generally the same external circumference. In an embodiment, the external circumferences of the metal tube 10 on each side of the external stop point 14, e.g., distal and proximal the external stop point 14, may be different.

[0041] The metal tube 10 may also comprise a second end, as described herein but not shown in the figures. The second end of the metal tube 10 may attach or continue into the relevant system. The second end may also be referred to as a proximal end of the metal tube 10. It is noted that the second end of the metal tube may also be identical or similar to the first open end 12, including an external stop point and being generally configured to fit to a hose or other component of the system and to accept the hose fitting 110.

[0042] The metal tube 10 may comprise any metal material, metal alloy, or combination of metal materials, including, for example, stainless steel, steel, aluminum, brass, copper, titanium, combinations of two or more thereof, and the like. It is appreciated that the foregoing list is non-limiting and that other metals not listed may also be used. Additionally, while embodiments described herein refer to metal tube 10, it is noted that the tube 10 couldalso be comprised of non-metal materials, including plastics, rubbers, composites such as carbon fiber or resin, combinations of two or more thereof, and the like. It is noted that the described hose fittings may be adaptable to any tube and any application as may be suitable or desired.

[0043] As shown in FIG. 3, the hose fitting 110 may comprise a first open end 112, a generally cylindrical body 113, and a second open end 114. The first open end 112 may also be referred to as a distal end of the hose fitting 110. The hose fitting 110 may be hollow and include a channel from the first open end 112 through the generally cylindrical body 113, and to the second open end 114. The second open end 114 may also be referred to as a proximal end of the hose fitting 110. In an embodiment, the first open end 112, may be generally configured to fit to a hose or other component of the system. In an embodiment, the hose fitting 110 may be generally configured to fit over a distal length of the metal tube 10. In an embodiment, an inner circumference of the hose fitting 110, e.g., across an entire length of the hose fitting 110, may be larger than the outer circumference of the metal tube 10 at the first open end 12 and at the generally cylindrical body distal the external stop point 14. The hose fitting 110 may be configured to slip over the first open end 12 and over the generally cylindrical body distal the external stop point 14 of the metal tube 10 up until the external stop point 14.

[0044] When positioned on the metal tube 10, the distal end 112 of the hose fitting 110 may generally align, be adjacent to or near, or be in proximity to the distal end 12 of the metal tube 10. For example, the distal end 112 of the hose fitting 110 and the distal end 12 of the metal tube 10 may align exactly when the hose fitting 110 is (and any other components such as spacer 140, etc. are) placed over or coupled to the metal tube 10, see FIG. 4 for example. In other words, the portion of the metal tube 10 including the first open end 12 and the generally cylindrical body 13 distal the external stop point 14 (e.g., between the first openend 12 of the metal tube 10 and the external stop point 14 of the metal tube 10) may be generally the same or exactly the same length as the entire hose fitting 110 and components thereto, for example, including the distal end 112, the cylindrical body 113, and the second open end 114 of the hose fitting 110 combined with the spacer 140 when the spacer 140, hose fitting 110, and any other components are coupled thereto. When positioned on the metal tube 10, the proximal end 114 of the hose fitting 110 may generally align, be adjacent to or near, or be in proximity to the external stop point 14 of the metal tube 10 (noting that the spacer 140 may be between the proximal end 114 of the hose fitting 110 and the external stop point 14 of the metal tube 10). As described herein, the spacer 140 may be between the proximal end 114 of the hose fitting 110 and the external stop point 14 and may contact or abut the external stop point 14.

[0045] The external surface of the hose fitting 110 may include one or more surface features. In an embodiment, the hose fitting 110 may include a surface ridge or protrusion 118 at one or both of the first open end 112 and the second open end 114, see FIGs. 3 and 4, for example. In an embodiment, the hose fitting 110 may include a surface ridge or protrusion 118 on the generally cylindrical body 113 of the hose fitting 110. In an example, the hose fitting 110 may include a “bead” 119 on the generally cylindrical body 113 of the hose fitting 110. In an embodiment, the middle bead 119 (which may also be referred to as the surface ridge or protrusion 118), may be positioned approximately in a middle or near the middle of the generally cylindrical body 113 of the hose fitting 110, see FIGs. 3 and 4. Although the ridge or bead 119 on the generally cylindrical body 113 of the hose fitting 110 may be referred to as a middle bead, it is appreciated that the bead may not necessarily in the middle of the hose fitting 110, but between the first open end 112 and the second open end 114.

[0046] In an example, the surface ridge 118 at the first open end 112 may taper or reduce in diameter or thickness towards an edge of the first open end 112, see e.g., FIG. 4. In anexample, the surface ridge 118 at the first open end 112 may be rounded. In an example, the surface ridge or middle bead 119 may taper or reduce in diameter or thickness towards the first open end 112 or towards the distal end of the hose fitting 110, see e.g., FIG. 4. In an example, the surface ridge or middle bead 119 may have a more blunt or sharper edge than the rounded edge of the surface ridge 118 at the first open end 112 see e.g., FIG. 4. In an example, the surface ridge or middle bead 119 may protrude further than the surface ridge 118 at the first open end 112. In an example, the surface ridge 118 at the second open end 114 may have a more blunt or non-tapered, square edge see e.g., FIG. 4. In an example, the surface ridge 118 at the second open end 114 may protrude approximately the same distance as the surface ridge or middle bead 119.

[0047] In an embodiment, the surface ridge 118 at the first open end 112 and the surface ridge or middle bead 119 may be generally configured to receive and hold a hose or tube as the hose or tube is inserted over the first open end 112 (and corresponding surface ridge 118) over the generally cylindrical body 113 of the hose fitting 110 and over the surface ridge or middle bead 119. The tapering of the surface ridge 118 at the first open end 112 and the surface ridge or middle bead 119 may allow the hose or tube to more easily slide over the surface ridge 118 at the first open end 112 and the surface ridge or middle bead 119 (e.g., as the hose or tube is placed over and onto hose fitting 110 in a proximal direction, e.g., from the first open end 112 towards the second open end 114 of hose fitting 110). The rounding of the surface ridge 118 at the first open end 112 may allow the hose or tube to more easily slide over the surface ridge 118 at the first open end 112 (e.g., as the hose or tube is placed over and onto hose fitting 110 in a proximal direction, e.g., from the first open end 112 towards the second open end 114 of hose fitting 110). The blunt or sharper edge of the surface ridge or middle bead 119 may help to retain or secure the hose or tube onto the hose fitting 110. The blunt or sharper edge of the surface ridge or middle bead 119 may limit the hose or tubefrom sliding down past the blunt or sharper edge.

[0048] Generally, the surface ridges 118, 119 may facilitate proximal movement of the hose or tube onto the hose fitting 110, e.g., to attach or otherwise couple the components, while preventing reverse or distal movement of the hose or tube on the hose fitting 110, thereby aiding to secure or retain these components together or to one another.

[0049] The interior surface of the hose fitting 110 may include one or more surface features. The one or more surface features on the interior surface of the hose fitting 110 may facilitate coupling of the hose fitting 110 onto or over the metal tube 10. The one or more surface features on the interior surface of the hose fitting 110 may facilitate coupling of the hose fitting 110 to other components of the hose firring 110 including O-ring 130 and spacer 140 as described herein. It is noted that O-ring 130 and spacer 140 may be provided as separate components from hose fitting 110 and used to form an assembly thereof or O-ring 130 and / or spacer 140 may be provided integral to one another, or each or both integral to hose fitting 110.

[0050] In an embodiment, the hose fitting 110 may include a cavity 124, see FIG. 4 for example. The cavity 124 may be located at the proximal end 114 of the hose fitting 110 and within the hose fitting 110. In an embodiment and as described herein, the hose fitting 110 may further include an O-ring 130 and a spacer 140. The cavity 124 of the hose fitting 110 may be configured to receive the O-ring 130 and at least a portion of spacer 140. The inner circumference of the cavity 124 may be larger than the inner circumference of the remainder of the hose fitting 110 (except clearance space 122) to accommodate and fit the O-ring 130 and at least a portion of the spacer 140 therein the cavity 124.

[0051] In an embodiment, O-ring 130 may fit entirely in the cavity 124 between spacer 140 and an interior surface of the hose fitting 110. In an embodiment, spacer 140 may fit partiallywithin the cavity 124 with at least a portion of spacer 140 extending out of and beyond the hose fitting 110 (e.g., the proximal end 114 of the hose fitting 110) and spacer 140 may be positioned between O-ring 130 and the external stop point 14 of the metal tube 10. Generally, O-ring 130 may be positioned distal from spacer 140 relative the hose fitting 110 and metal tube 10. In an embodiment, both O-ring 130 and spacer 140 may circumscribe the metal tube 10 so that an inner surface of both (or one of) O-ring 130 and spacer 140 contact an exterior surface of the metal tube 10. In an embodiment, both (or one of) O-ring 130 and spacer 140 may be circumscribed by the hose fitting 110, except for the portion of spacer 140 extending beyond the hose fitting 110, so that an inner surface of the hose fitting 110 contacts an exterior surface of both (or one of) O-ring 130 and spacer 140, except for the portion of spacer 140 extending beyond the hose fitting 110. Generally, the hose fitting 110 may circumscribe the metal tube 10.

[0052] In an embodiment, the hose fitting 110 may include an open boundary or clearance space 122, see FIG. 4 for example. The clearance space 122 may be located at the distal end 112 of the hose fitting 110 and within the hose fitting 110. The clearance space 122 may be configured to mold or flare the open end 12 of the metal tube 10 once the hose fitting 110 is placed in position over the metal tube 10 and to secure the hose fitting 110 to the metal tube 10, see FIG. 5 for example. The inner circumference of the clearance space 122 may be larger than the inner circumference of the remainder of the hose fitting 110 (except the cavity 124) to accommodate the flaring of the metal tube 10. When flared, the metal tube 10 can prevent the removal or reverse movement of the hose fitting 110 off the metal tube 10. As described herein, when the distal end 12 of the metal tube 10 is flared, the circumference of the distal end 12 of the metal tube 10 may be greater than the interior circumference of the hose fitting 110 so that the hose fitting 110 is no longer able to move in a distal direction off of the metal tube 10.

[0053] In an embodiment, the O-ring 130 may be generally circular and include a central opening. In an embodiment, the O-ring 130 may be generally configured to slide onto metal tube 10. In an embodiment, an inner circumference of the O-ring 130, e.g., a circumference of the central opening, may be larger than the outer circumference of the metal tube 10 at the first open end 12 and at the generally cylindrical body 13 distal the external stop point 14. The O-ring 130 may be configured to slide over the first open end 12 and over the generally cylindrical body 13 distal the external stop point 14 of the metal tube 10.

[0054] In an embodiment, the O-ring 130 may be generally configured to insert into the hose fitting 110. In an embodiment, an outer circumference of the O-ring 130, may be smaller than the inner circumference of the hose fitting 10 at the cavity 124 of the hose fitting 110. The O- ring 130 may be configured to insert into the cavity 124 of the hose fitting 110. In an embodiment, an outer circumference of the O-ring 130, may be the same or larger than the inner circumference of the hose fitting 10 distal the cavity 124 of the hose fitting 110. The O- ring 130 may be configured to insert into the cavity 124 of the hose fitting 110 and over the generally cylindrical body 13 of the metal tube 10 distal the external stop point 14. The O- ring 130 may be configured to insert into the cavity 124 of the hose fitting 110, but not further into the hose fitting 110 past the cavity 124, see FIG. 4. The O-ring 130 may be configured to insert into the cavity 124 of the hose fitting 110 and contact or abut the spacer 140.

[0055] In an embodiment, the spacer 140 may have a generally circular central opening. It is noted that the spacer 140 may also be referred to as an O-ring spacer. In an embodiment, the spacer 140 may be generally configured to slide onto metal tube 10. In an embodiment, an inner circumference of the spacer 140, e.g., a circumference of the central opening, may be larger than the outer circumference of the metal tube 10 at the first open end 12 and at the generally cylindrical body 13 distal the external stop point 14. The spacer 140 may beconfigured to slide over the first open end 12 and over the generally cylindrical body 13 distal the external stop point 14 of the metal tube 10 up until the external stop point 14. In an embodiment, the inner circumference of the spacer 140, e.g., a circumference of the central opening, may be smaller than the outer circumference of the external stop point 14. The spacer may be configured to be stopped by or not go past the external stop point 14. The spacer 140 may contact or abut the external stop point 14 of the metal tube 10.

[0056] In an embodiment, at least a portion of the spacer 140 may be generally configured to insert into the hose fitting 110, e.g., a covered portion or distal end of the spacer 140. In an embodiment, an outer circumference of the distal end of the spacer 140, may be smaller than the inner circumference of the hose fitting 110 at the cavity 124 of the hose fitting 110. The distal end of the spacer 140 may be configured to insert into the cavity 124 of the hose fitting 110. In an embodiment, an outer circumference of the distal end of the spacer 140, may be the same or larger than the outer circumference of the O-ring 130. The spacer 140 may be configured to insert into the cavity 124 of the hose fitting 110 and over the generally cylindrical body 13 of the metal tube 10 distal the external stop point 14. The spacer 140 may be configured to insert into the cavity 124 of the hose fitting 110 and contact or abut the Ciring 130, see FIG. 4.

[0057] In an embodiment, at least a portion of the spacer 140 may be generally configured to remain outside of the hose fitting 110, e.g., an exposed portion or proximal end of the spacer 140. In an embodiment, an outer circumference of the proximal end of the spacer 140, may be larger than the inner circumference of the hose fitting 110 at the cavity 124 of the hose fitting 110. The proximal end of the spacer 140 may be configured to remain outside of the cavity 124 of the hose fitting 110 and may contact or abut the proximal end 114 of the hose fitting 110. In an embodiment, an inner circumference of the distal end of the spacer 140 may be smaller than the outer circumference of the external stop point 14. The distal end of thespacer 140 may be configured to contact or abut the external stop point 14, see FIG. 4.

[0058] As described, each the hose fitting 110, and the O-ring 130 and spacer 140 thereof, may be configured to insert over the metal tube 10. As described, each the hose fitting 110, and the O-ring 130 and spacer 140 thereof, may be able to fit over metal tubes 10 having varying diameters. In some embodiments, the O-ring 130 and spacer 140 may be stretchable to fit metal tubes 10 of various sizes. In other embodiments, the O-ring 130 and spacer 140 may be fixed and fit over s defined sized metal tube 10. This may require different sized O- rings 130 and spacers 140 that fit over correspondingly sized metal tubes 10. The O-ring 130 may insert into the cavity 124 of the hose fitting 110 at the proximal end 114 of the hose fitting. The O-ring 130 may abut end of the cavity 124 or the inner surface of the hose fitting 110 and be prevented from inserting further into the hose fitting 110 past the cavity 124 due to the smaller inner circumference of the hose fitting 110 distal the cavity 124. The O-ring 130 may also abut the spacer 140.

[0059] The spacer 140 may have a distal end that inserts into the cavity 124 of the hose fitting 110 at the proximal end 114 of the hose fitting 110 and a proximal end that remains outside of the hose fitting 110. The distal end of the spacer 140 may abut the O-ring. The proximal end of the spacer 140 may abut the proximal end 114 of the hose fitting 110 and be prevented from inserting into the hose fitting 110 and into the cavity 124 due to either or both the smaller inner circumference of the hose fitting 110 at the cavity 124 and the remaining space within the cavity 124. The proximal end of the spacer 140 may also abut the external stop point 14 of the metal tube and be prevented from sliding past the external stop point 14 due to the larger outer circumference of the external stop point 14. The hose fitting 110 may be prevented from sliding past the external stop point 14 due to either or both the spacer 140 and the larger outer circumference of the external stop point 14.

[0060] In an embodiment, the spacer 140 may press against the O-ring 140 (e.g., due to thepressure or contact of the spacer 140 from the external stop point 14 and against the smaller circumference inner surface of the hose fitting distal the cavity 124) and may form a seal. The seal may result by the pressing of the O-ring between the hose fitting 110 and the spacer 140 within the cavity 124. In an embodiment, the seal may be air-tight, fluid-tight, and the like depending on the desired seal and application.

[0061] Although the spacer 140 is described as having both a covered portion that inserts into the cavity and an exposed portion that remains outside of the hose fitting 110, it is noted that the spacer 140 may be adapted so that it entirely fits within the hose fitting 110 or entirely fits outside of the hose fitting 110. In such embodiments, the spacer 140 may still be able to be prevented from sliding past the external stop point 14 and prevent the hose fitting 110 from sliding past the external stop point 14 due to the larger outer circumference of the external stop point 14 (or the smaller circumference of the spacer 140).

[0062] In an embodiment, the clearance space 122 may be located on the inner surface of the hose fitting 110 and at the distal end 112 of the hose fitting 110 (opposite the proximal end 114 and cavity 124 of the hose fitting). As described, when positioned on the metal tube 10, the proximal end 114 of the hose fitting 110 may generally align, be adjacent to or near, or be in proximity to the external stop point 14 of the metal tube 10 (noting that the spacer 140 may be between the proximal end 114 of the hose fitting 110 and the external stop point 14 of the metal tube 10). As described, when positioned on the metal tube 10, the distal end 112 of the hose fitting 110 may generally align, be adjacent to or near, or be in proximity to the distal end 12 of the metal tube 10. In an embodiment, when positioned on the metal tube 10, the clearance space 122 of the hose fitting 110 may generally align, be adjacent to or near, or be in proximity to the distal end 12 of the metal tube 10. The clearance space 122 may be configured to interact with the distal end 12 of the metal tube 10 when the hose fitting 110 is fitted to the metal tube 10.

[0063] The inner circumference of the hose fitting 110 at the clearance space 122 may be larger than outer circumference of the metal tube 10 and may have a clearance or space between the external surface of the metal tube and the inner surface of the hose fitting 110. The clearance space 122 between the external surface of the metal tube and the inner surface of the hose fitting 110 may be larger than the space between the external surface of the metal tube and the inner surface of the hose fitting 110 proximal the clearance space 122 (but the same or smaller than the space of cavity 124).

[0064] In an embodiment, the distal end 12 of the metal tube 10 may be flared against the clearance space 122 and the inner surface of the hose fitting 110 to secure the hose fitting 110 to the metal tube 10. A size of the clearance space 122 may depend upon the outer diameter (such as the outer diameter of the metal tube 10) of the element that is being sealed. In an embodiment, the flaring of the distal end 12 of the metal tube 10 may be achieved on site by inserting a tool into the metal tube 10 to press the distal end 12 of the metal tube 10 against the inner surface of the hose fitting 110 at the clearance space 122 to form a flared end of the metal tube 10, see FIGs. 6A-6B. Flaring of the distal end 12 of the metal tube 10 against the clearance space 122 may make the outer circumference of the metal tube 10 greater than the inner circumference of the hose fitting 110 proximal the clearance space 122 so that the larger circumference flared distal end 12 of the metal tube 10 can prevent the smaller circumference hose fitting from moving past the flared end. The clearance space 122 may be configured to mold or flare the open end 12 of the metal tube 10 to a larger circumference once the hose fitting 110 is placed in position over the metal tube 10. When flared, the metal tube 10 can prevent the removal or reverse movement of the hose fitting 110 off the metal tube 10.

[0065] The hose fitting 110 and spacer 140 may comprise any plastic material, composite, or combination of plastic materials, including, for example, polyethylene, polypropylene,polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polyethylene terephthalate, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, polycarbonate, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyethylene terephthalate glycol, combinations of two or more thereof, and the like. It is appreciated that the foregoing list is non-limiting and that other plastics not listed may also be used. Additionally, while embodiments described herein refer to a plastic hose fitting 110 and plastic spacer 140, it is noted that the hose fitting 110 and spacer 140 could also be comprised of non-plastic materials, including metals, rubbers, composites such as carbon fiber or resin, combinations of two or more thereof, and the like. The hose fitting 110 and the spacer 140 may be made or the same material or different materials (including the same plastics or different plastics). It is noted that the described hose fittings and components may be adaptable to any tube and any application as may be suitable or desired.

[0066] In an embodiment, the hose fitting 110 may be monolithically formed. In an embodiment, the spacer 140 may be monolithically formed. In an embodiment, either or both of the hose fitting 110 and spacer 140 may be extruded, injection molded, or the like. In an embodiment, either or both of the hose fitting 110 and spacer 140 may be 3D-printed.

[0067] The O-ring 130 may comprise any compressible material, rubber material, or combination of rubber materials, including, for example, nitriles, fluoroelastomers, ethylene propylene diene monomer, silicone, polyurethane, neoprene, polytetrafluoroethylene, perfluoroelastomer, hydrogenated nitrile, butyl, combinations of two or more thereof, and the like. It is appreciated that the foregoing list is non-limiting and that other compressible or rubber materials not listed may also be used. Additionally, while embodiments described herein refer to a rubber O-ring 130, it is noted that the O-ring 130 could also be comprised of non-rubber materials, including metals, plastics, composites such as carbon fiber or resin, combinations of two or more thereof, and the like. It is noted that the described hose fittings and components may be adaptable to any tube and any application as may be suitable ordesired.

[0068] Turning to FIG. 8, shown is method 1000. It is noted that other methods of use and placement of the hose fitting 110 and components thereof to the metal tube 10 may also be used. In an embodiment, at step 1010 the spacer 140 may be placed over and onto the metal tube 10 (e.g., over the distal end 12 of the metal tube 10 and up until the external stop point 14). As described, the external stop point 14 may have a larger circumference than any or all of the spacer 140, O-ring 130, and / or hose fitting 110 so that the hose fitting 110 and components thereof are prevented from sliding past the external stop point 14. In an embodiment, at step 1020 the O-ring 140 may be placed over and onto the metal tube 10 (e.g., over the distal end 12 of the metal tube 10 and up until the spacer 140). In an embodiment, at step 1030 the hose fitting 110 may be placed over and onto the metal tube 10 (e.g., over the distal end 12 of the metal tube 10 and over the O-ring 130 and covered portion of the spacer 140, which insert into the cavity 124 of the hose fitting 110, and up until the exposed portion of the spacer 140).

[0069] In an embodiment, at step 1040, having the distal end 12 of the metal tube and the distal end 112 of the hose fitting generally aligned, adjacent to or near, or in proximity, the distal end 12 of the metal tube 10 may be flared against the distal end 112 of the hose fitting 110 (e.g., at and into clearance space 122). As described, flaring of the distal end 12 of the metal tube 10 against the clearance space 122 may make the outer circumference of the metal tube 10 greater than the inner circumference of the hose fitting 110 proximal the clearance space 122 so that the larger circumference flared distal end 12 of the metal tube 10 can prevent the smaller circumference hose fitting from moving past the flared end.

[0070] Although method 1000 describes sequentially placing each the spacer 140, O-ring 130, and hose fitting 110 over the metal tube 10, it is noted that either or both the O-ring 130 and the covered portion of the spacer 140 may be inserted into the cavity 124 of the hosefitting 110 prior to placement over the metal tube 10.

[0071] As described herein, the described hose fittings 110, assemblies 100, and methods 1000 may allow utilization of a metal tube 10 or coil interface with various hose sizes without the need for expanding or having multiple iterations of the metal tube 10 in order to interface with a specific hose inner diameter.

[0072] Rather, flaring of the distal end 12 of the metal tube 10 after assembly of the hose fitting 110 and components (e.g., spacer 140 and O-ring 130 to form assembly 100) can hold the hose fitting 110 and components in place on the metal tube 10 and restrain the hose fitting 110 and components in place. In an embodiment, no forming of the metal tube 10 is needed aside from the flaring of the distal end 12 after assembly of the hose fitting 110 and components thereof. The spacer 140 (which may also be referred to as the O-ring spacer) in combination with the cavity 124 of the hose fitting 110 can provide a gland pocket for the O- ring 130, see FIG. 4. The O-ring 124 may be compressed by adjacent components in the system (e.g., distal end of the spacer 140 and edge of the cavity 124 of the hose fitting 110) to form a seal. The proximal surface of the spacer 140 and external stop point 14 of the metal tube 10 can provide a positive stop during assembly of the hose fitting 110 and components onto the metal tube 10 when flaring the distal end 12 of the metal tube 10. The proximal surface of the spacer 140 and external stop point 14 can provide pressure of the distal surface of the spacer 140 onto the O-ring 130 to compress the O-ring 130 against the hose fitting 110 and form a seal.

[0073] The described hose fittings 110, assemblies 100, and methods 1000 may adapt to different fitting outer diameters to mate with various hose inner diameters, for example. The described hose fittings 110, assemblies 100, and methods 1000 may adapt to different fitting outer diameters (e.g., of the metal tube 10). The described hose fittings 110, assemblies 100, and methods 1000 may adapt to various hose inner diameters. The described hose fittings110, assemblies 100, and methods 1000 may provide a fitting interface when the fitting sealing diameter is larger or much larger than the metal tube 10 diameter.

[0074] The described hose fittings 110, assemblies 100, and methods 1000 may be applicable to various applications, including heat exchangers, suction tubes, return tubes, various Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) headers, and the like.

[0075] Although the embodiments of the present teachings have been illustrated in the accompanying drawings and described in the foregoing detailed description, it is to be understood that the present teachings are not to be limited to just the embodiments disclosed, but that the present teachings described herein are capable of numerous rearrangements, modifications and substitutions without departing from the scope of the claims hereafter. The claims as follows are intended to include all modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the claims or the equivalent thereof.

Claims

CLAIMSWhat is claimed is:

1. A hose fitting for attachment to variable sized-tubes, comprising: a distal end, a proximal end, a cylindrical body, and an interior channel therethrough running between the distal end and the proximal end and configured to receive a tube comprising a tube distal end, wherein the cylindrical body has an inner diameter; an interior cavity at the proximal end of the hose fitting; and a clearance space at the distal end of the hose fitting, wherein the tube distal end is configured to align with the distal end of the hose fitting and wherein the clearance space is configured to receive and flare the tube distal end to a diameter larger than the inner diameter of the cylindrical body of the hose fitting.

2. The hose fitting of claim 1, wherein the interior cavity is configured to receive at least a portion of a spacer.

3. The hose fitting of claim 2, wherein the interior cavity is configured to receive an Ciring.

4. The hose fitting of claim 3, wherein the O-ring is configured to abut an interior wall of the cavity and a distal end of the spacer.

5. The hose fitting of claim 2, wherein the tube further comprises an external stop point having an outer diameter larger than an inner diameter of the spacer.

6. The hose fitting of claim 5, wherein the spacer is configured to abut the external stop point of the tube at a proximal end.

7. The hose fitting of claim 5, wherein the external stop point is a protrusion that prevents further proximal movement of the hose fitting and spacer when coupled to the tube.

8. The hose fitting of claim 5, wherein a length of the hose fitting and an exposed portion of the spacer when coupled thereto is the same length as a portion of the tube between the tube distal end and the external stop point.

9. The hose fitting of claim 1, wherein the interior cavity has a greater inner diameter than the inner diameter of the cylindrical body.

10. The hose fitting of claim 1, wherein the clearance space has a greater inner diameter than the inner diameter of the cylindrical body.

11. The hose fitting of claim 1, wherein the clearance space is tapered towards the distal end of the hose fitting.

12. The hose fitting of claim 1, wherein an interior surface of the clearance space is configured receive and flare the tube distal end against the interior surface of the clearance space.

13. The hose fitting of claim 1, wherein the flared tube distal end prevents distal movement of the hose fitting when coupled to the tube.

14. The hose fitting of claim 1, wherein the inner diameter of the cylindrical body is configured to receive any variable-sized tubes having a smaller diameter.

15. The hose fitting of claim 1, wherein an exterior surface of the hose fitting comprises one or more surface features configured to receive and retain a hose.

16. The hose fitting of claim 15, wherein the one or more surface features comprises a protrusion tapered toward the distal end of the hose fitting.

17. A method of attaching a hose fitting to a variable sized-tubes, comprising: positioning a spacer over and onto a tube until an external stop point of the tube, wherein the external stop point has a larger outer diameter than an inner diameter of thespacer and wherein the external stop point prevents proximal movement of the spacer beyond the external stop point; positioning an O-ring over and onto the tube adjacent the spacer; inserting the hose fitting over and onto the tube, O-ring, and at least a portion of the spacer, wherein a distal end of the hose fitting aligns with a distal end of the tube and wherein the distal end of the hose fitting includes a tapered interior edge having an inner diameter greater than an inner diameter of the hose fitting proximal the tapered interior edge; and, flaring the distal end of the tube against the tapered interior edge of the distal end of the hose fitting so that a flared diameter of the tube is greater than the inner diameter of the hose fitting proximal the tapered interior edge, wherein the flared diameter of the tube prevents distal movement of the hose fitting off the tube.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein the inner diameter of the hose fitting is configured to receive any variable-sized tubes having a smaller diameter.

19. The method of claim 17, further including positioning a hose over an exterior surface of the hose fitting having one or more surface features configured to retain the hose on the hose fitting.