Explosive charging device and charging method for blasting operations

Abstract

The embodiment of the present application discloses an explosive charging device and a charging method for blasting operation, relates to the technical field of blasting engineering, and can facilitate the explosive charging of overbreak and high face. The explosive charging device comprises a pushing rod and a conveying sleeve, the pushing rod is arranged in the conveying sleeve, the pushing rod can move axially in the conveying sleeve, and the conveying sleeve is provided with a containing portion used for containing explosive. The present application is suitable for blasting construction such as coal mining, mining and tunnel excavation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of blasting engineering technology, and in particular to an explosive loading device and loading method for blasting operations. Background Technology

[0002] In tunnel blasting operations, manual loading of explosives is often required. During the operation, over- or under-excavation of the working face (in coal mining, mining, or tunnel engineering, where the tunnel is continuously excavated and advanced) frequently occurs. In over-excavated areas, the distance between the blast hole and the worker loading the explosives is considerable, and with current technology, it is difficult for the worker to feed the explosive roll into the blast hole using only their arm length. Furthermore, since the blasting face is generally quite high, often exceeding 3 meters, it is difficult for the worker to reach the blast holes at higher points on the working face during the loading process.

[0003] In summary, the existing methods for loading explosives in over-excavated and high-height tunnel faces during blasting operations are rather inconvenient. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide an explosive loading device for blasting operations, which facilitates the loading of explosives into over-excavated and high-height tunnel faces.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] An explosive loading device for blasting operations includes a push rod and a conveying sleeve. The push rod is disposed in the conveying sleeve and is axially movable in the conveying sleeve. The conveying sleeve is provided with a receiving portion for holding explosives.

[0007] Preferably, a flexible pad is provided at one end of the push rod, and a radially extending spring pin is provided on the outer periphery of the push rod near the end of the flexible pad;

[0008] The conveying sleeve has a stepped shaft structure, including a first hollow shaft section and a second hollow shaft section. The inner diameter of the first hollow shaft section and the second hollow shaft section is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the push rod. The first hollow shaft section is provided with a radial pin hole. One end of the second hollow shaft section is provided with a connecting part for connecting with the first hollow shaft section. The other end of the second hollow shaft section is provided with the receiving part. An axial slit is opened on the circumferential solid structure of the second hollow shaft section between the connecting part and the receiving part. The slit communicates with the receiving part.

[0009] One end of the push rod with a flexible pad is inserted into the first hollow shaft section of the conveying sleeve, and the spring pin is inserted into the radial pin hole to form an elastic snap-fit ​​connection structure.

[0010] When loading explosives into the blast hole, the explosives are placed in the receiving part, and the push rod is connected to the radial pin hole by the spring pin, so that the push rod and the delivery sleeve are in an extended state.

[0011] The conveying sleeve is placed into the blast hole, and the push rod is pushed. As the push rod and the conveying sleeve go deeper into the blast hole, the spring pin disengages from the radial pin hole, and the push rod moves axially in the conveying sleeve. The end flexible pad contacts the explosive in the contained part, and the explosive is pushed to fill the predetermined position in the blast hole. The predetermined position is the filling position of the explosive in the blast hole in the blasting design.

[0012] Preferably, the receiving portion is an open arc-shaped structure formed by axially cutting along the end of the second hollow shaft segment.

[0013] Preferably, the lower surface of the receiving portion is provided with a support plate, and the connecting end of the support plate includes an inwardly concave arc. The support plate is engaged with the lower surface of the receiving portion by the inwardly concave arc to support the receiving portion.

[0014] Preferably, the push rod is a telescopic structure composed of several prefabricated length rods connected together, and the conveying sleeve is composed of several prefabricated length hollow structure rods.

[0015] Preferably, the push rod is made of glass fiber, and the conveying sleeve is made of rigid polyvinyl chloride pipe;

[0016] The push rod is composed of several glass fiber rods with a length of 1000mm and an outer diameter of 30mm. The flexible pad has a thickness of 7mm and a diameter of 38mm. The end of the spring pin has an elliptical structure.

[0017] The conveying sleeve is 500mm long, wherein the first hollow shaft section is 100mm long and has an inner diameter of 33mm, and the radial pin hole has a diameter of 10mm.

[0018] The second hollow shaft section is 400mm long, and the receiving part is a semi-circular opening structure formed by axially cutting off 100mm from the end of the second hollow shaft section. The width of the cut is 10mm, and the length of the cut is no more than 280mm.

[0019] The support plate is located on the lower surface of the middle position of the receiving part. The support plate has a thickness of 4mm and a length of 50mm.

[0020] Preferably, the push rod includes a first push rod, a second push rod, and a third push rod arranged side by side, and the push rods are connected by a telescopic rod so that the distance between the push rods is adjustable between 40 and 60 mm;

[0021] The telescopic rod includes a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod. The first connecting rod is a slide rail structure, and the second connecting rod is a slide bar structure. The first connecting rod is connected to the end of the first push rod away from the end with the flexible pad. The second connecting rod is located at a position corresponding to the second push rod and the first connecting rod. The second connecting rod is provided with a spring pin. The side wall of the first connecting rod is provided with multiple pin holes. The second connecting rod is located in the first connecting rod and can slide relative to the first connecting rod. The spacing between adjacent push rods can be adjusted by elastically snapping the spring pin with the multiple pin holes.

[0022] The telescopic rod includes a third connecting rod and a fourth connecting rod. The third connecting rod is a slide rail structure, and the fourth connecting rod is a slide bar structure. The third connecting rod is connected to the end of the second push rod away from the end with the flexible pad, and the third connecting rod is located on the opposite side of the second push rod with respect to the second connecting rod and is offset from the second push rod. The fourth connecting rod is located at a position corresponding to the third push rod and the third connecting rod. The third connecting rod is provided with a spring pin, and the side wall of the third connecting rod is provided with multiple pin holes. The fourth connecting rod is located in the first connecting rod and can slide relative to the third connecting rod. The spacing between adjacent push rods can be adjusted by elastically snapping the spring pin with the multiple pin holes.

[0023] The conveying sleeves, corresponding to the first, second, and third push rods, respectively include a first conveying sleeve, a second conveying sleeve, and a third conveying sleeve. The hollow structures of the first, second, and third conveying sleeves are equipped with adjacently arranged cameras and supplementary lights for monitoring the real-time position of the push rods conveying explosives in the borehole and the distance from the current real-time conveying position to the bottom of the borehole.

[0024] The device also includes a control unit, and the camera is electrically connected to the control unit.

[0025] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for loading explosives for blasting operations, used on any of the devices described in the first aspect, comprising: loading the conveying push rod into the conveying sleeve, and stretching the push rod and the conveying sleeve to a predetermined length;

[0026] Load the explosive cartridge with the detonator wire into the receiving part of the conveyor sleeve, and adjust the position of the detonator wire to prevent it from getting tangled or falling off the cartridge during the pushing process.

[0027] Align one end of the conveying sleeve of the device, which has a receiving part, with the borehole, and push the conveying push rod to move in the conveying sleeve, thereby pushing the cartridge into the predetermined position in the borehole.

[0028] Preferably, the step of inserting the conveying push rod into the conveying sleeve, and stretching the push rod and the conveying sleeve to a predetermined length, includes:

[0029] The overall length required to place the object at the predetermined position in the blast hole is determined based on the over-excavation or under-excavation depth at the working face and the blast hole depth.

[0030] Design and manufacture the positions of the push rod and spring pin on the push rod according to the length value;

[0031] The spring pin on the push rod is engaged into the outer diameter pin hole on the first shaft section of the conveying sleeve;

[0032] The step of loading the explosive cartridge connected to the detonator wire into the receiving part of the conveying sleeve and adjusting the position of the detonator wire to prevent it from getting tangled or falling off the explosive cartridge during the pushing process includes:

[0033] The explosive cartridge is loaded into the receiving part of the conveying sleeve, and the detonator is placed at the slit that connects to the receiving part to prevent the detonator from rubbing against the borehole wall and falling off the explosive cartridge during the pushing process.

[0034] The step of aligning one end of the conveying sleeve of the device, which has a receiving portion, with the borehole, and pushing the conveying push rod to move within the conveying sleeve, thereby pushing the propellant cartridge into a predetermined position within the borehole, includes:

[0035] The conveying sleeve is aligned and placed into the blast hole. The receiving part of the conveying sleeve is supported by a support plate at one end to assist in the positioning of the explosive charge.

[0036] As the push rod and the conveying sleeve are pushed deeper into the blast hole, the spring pin disengages from the radial pin hole, and the push rod moves axially in the conveying sleeve. The end flexible pad contacts the explosive in the contained part to prevent the explosive from directly contacting and colliding with the push rod during the loading process, thus preventing an explosion.

[0037] Push the explosives to the predetermined location of the blast hole;

[0038] Repeat the above process to complete the loading of explosives into all the blast holes.

[0039] Preferably, the method further includes: designing a loading device according to the number of blast holes on the same working face, wherein the pushing rod of the loading device includes: a first pushing rod, a second pushing rod and a third pushing rod, the pushing rods are connected to each other by a telescopic rod, and one end of each pushing rod is connected to a hydraulic jack;

[0040] The conveying sleeve includes a first conveying sleeve, a second conveying sleeve, and a third conveying sleeve respectively, corresponding to the first push rod, the second push rod, and the third push rod. The hollow structure of the first conveying sleeve, the second conveying sleeve, and the third conveying sleeve is provided with cameras and supplementary lights arranged adjacent to each other.

[0041] The explosives are respectively loaded into the receiving parts of the first conveying sleeve, the second conveying sleeve, and the third conveying sleeve;

[0042] Adjust the spacing of each push rod according to the spacing of the blast holes on the same plane of the working face, and align the end of the first conveying sleeve, the second conveying sleeve and the third conveying sleeve with the receiving part with the blast hole.

[0043] A hydraulic jack is used to push the first push rod, the second push rod, and the third push rod, which move axially in conjunction within the conveying sleeve.

[0044] Turn on the supplementary light, and continuously capture images of the axial movement position of the push rod in the blast hole and the position of the bottom of the blast hole through the cameras in the first, second and third conveying sleeves;

[0045] The image is sent to the control unit, which processes the image and obtains the real-time position information of the push rod and the distance information from the bottom of the hole.

[0046] Based on the location information and the distance from the bottom of the hole, the feed rate of the hydraulic jack is controlled in real time until the explosive charge is loaded into the borehole.

[0047] This invention discloses an explosive loading device and method for blasting operations, comprising a push rod and a conveying sleeve. The push rod is axially movable within the conveying sleeve, and the conveying sleeve has a receiving portion. When loading explosives at over-excavated or high-height working faces, the worker, using this device, stretches the push rod relative to the conveying sleeve to a certain length before loading the explosives, places the explosives in the receiving portion of the conveying sleeve, aligns the conveying sleeve with the blasting hole, and pushes the push rod by hand or mechanical device. One end of the push rod pushes the explosives, thus easily placing the explosives into the predetermined position at the blasting hole. Therefore, the device of this invention facilitates the loading of explosives at over-excavated or high-height working faces. Attached Figure Description

[0048] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0049] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an explosive loading device for blasting operations according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of the push rod;

[0051] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of the conveyor sleeve;

[0052] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Main view of the middle conveyor sleeve;

[0053] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Top view of the middle conveyor sleeve;

[0054] Figure 6 for Figure 3 Left view of the middle conveyor sleeve;

[0055] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the explosive loading device of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0056] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0057] It should be understood that the described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0058] Example 1

[0059] See Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides an explosive loading device for blasting operations, mainly used in blasting projects such as coal mining, mining, or tunnel excavation. The explosive loading device includes: a push rod 1 and a conveying sleeve 2. The push rod is disposed in the conveying sleeve and can move axially in the conveying sleeve. The conveying sleeve is provided with a receiving part 3 for holding explosives.

[0060] Understandably, in tunnel blasting operations, due to the height limitations of the workers, it is usually necessary to erect relatively high scaffolding for loading explosives into blasting holes at the tunnel face that are out of reach. After the explosives are loaded, the scaffolding needs to be moved or dismantled. Since this work needs to be done every time explosives are loaded, it consumes a considerable amount of time and manpower. Furthermore, some tunnel faces are quite high, requiring two to three layers of scaffolding. Generally, there are a large number of sharp rocks of varying sizes and shapes distributed under the scaffolding in the tunnel, which also poses a threat to the personal safety of workers who repeatedly walk back and forth at heights while loading explosives.

[0061] In this embodiment, the length of the push rod is designed based on the actual on-site construction conditions, such as the over-excavation distance, face height, and blasting hole depth. For example, when the face height is low, the push rod can be designed to be shorter, allowing operation from the ground using a device with a shorter push rod. When the face height is high, resulting in a particularly long push rod and a particularly large elevation angle that makes operation difficult when transporting from the ground, a lower scaffold can be erected in conjunction with the device of this embodiment for loading explosives. This also facilitates the loading work, improves loading efficiency, and ensures the personal safety of workers. There are many specific applications, which will not be elaborated here, but all applications using the device of this embodiment for loading explosives into blasting holes at the face are within the scope of protection of this embodiment.

[0062] This invention discloses an explosive loading device for blasting operations, comprising a push rod and a conveying sleeve. The push rod is axially movable within the conveying sleeve, and the conveying sleeve has a receiving portion. When loading explosives at over-excavated or high-height working faces, the worker, using this device, stretches the push rod relative to the conveying sleeve to a certain length before loading the explosives, places the explosives in the receiving portion of the conveying sleeve, aligns the conveying sleeve with the blasting hole, and pushes the push rod by hand or mechanical device. One end of the push rod pushes the explosives, thus easily and conveniently placing the explosives into the predetermined position of the blasting hole. Therefore, the device of this invention facilitates the loading of explosives at over-excavated or high-height working faces.

[0063] Furthermore, by employing the embodiments of the present invention to fill explosives into blasting holes at the working face, when encountering horizontal blasting holes with a large working face, it is only necessary to design a device including a push rod of appropriate length according to the situation, so as to easily and conveniently fill explosives without the need to erect scaffolding or only need to erect fewer layers of scaffolding, thereby simplifying the construction process and improving the construction efficiency of filling explosives into blasting holes.

[0064] Accordingly, since the device of the present invention is used to load explosives at a higher working face, workers do not need to stand at a high position to load the explosives, such as on a high scaffold, thereby reducing the potential personal injury risk of workers falling from heights.

[0065] See Figures 1 to 6 As shown, in an optional embodiment, in this embodiment, a flexible pad 4 is provided at one end of the push rod to prevent the push rod from directly contacting and colliding with the explosive when pushing the explosive. A radially extending spring pin 5 is provided on the outer periphery of the push rod near the end of the flexible pad.

[0066] The conveying sleeve 2 has a stepped shaft structure, including a first hollow shaft section 6 and a second hollow shaft section 7. The inner diameter of the first hollow shaft section 6 and the second hollow shaft section 7 is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the push rod. The first hollow shaft section is provided with a radial pin hole 8. One end of the second hollow shaft section is provided with a connecting part for connecting with the first hollow shaft section. The other end of the second hollow shaft section is provided with the receiving part 3. An axial slit 9 is opened on the circumferential solid structure of the second hollow shaft section between the connecting part and the receiving part. The slit 9 communicates with the receiving part 3.

[0067] One end of the push rod with a flexible pad 4 is inserted into the first hollow shaft section of the conveying sleeve, and the spring pin 5 is inserted into the radial pin hole 8 to form an elastic snap-fit ​​connection structure.

[0068] It is understandable that when loading explosives into the blast hole, the explosives are placed in the receiving part, and the push rod is connected to the radial pin hole by the spring pin, so that the push rod and the delivery sleeve are in an extended state.

[0069] The specific working process is as follows: The conveying sleeve is placed into the blast hole, and the push rod is pushed. As the push rod and the conveying sleeve go deeper into the blast hole, the spring pin disengages from the radial pin hole, and the push rod moves axially in the conveying sleeve. The end flexible pad contacts the explosive in the contained part, and the explosive is pushed to be filled into the predetermined position of the blast hole. The predetermined position is the filling position of the explosive in the blast hole in the blasting design.

[0070] It is understood that in this embodiment, by providing a flexible pad at the end of the push rod, the explosive can be prevented from directly contacting the push rod and causing a blasting hazard by having the flexible pad contact the explosive when it is pushed.

[0071] In addition, in this embodiment, by setting an axial slit on the conveying sleeve, the detonator lead wire is neatly placed in the slit during the conveying of explosives, which can prevent the possibility of the lead wire separating from the explosive roll due to friction between the detonator wire and the tube wall during the conveying process.

[0072] It is understood that multiple pin holes can be provided axially to adjust the connection position between the spring pin and the pin hole under different working conditions, thereby adapting to different working conditions without having to remanufacture the device of this embodiment.

[0073] See Figures 1 to 6 As shown, in this embodiment, as an optional embodiment, the receiving part 3 is an open arc structure formed by axial cutting along the end of the second hollow shaft segment.

[0074] See Figures 3 to 5As shown, in this embodiment, as an optional embodiment, the lower surface of the receiving part 3 is provided with a support plate 10, and the connecting end of the support plate 10 includes an inward concave arc 11. The support plate is clamped on the lower surface of the receiving part by the inward concave arc to support the receiving part.

[0075] It is understandable that when loading explosives into a blasting hole, since the diameter of the conveying sleeve is generally smaller than the diameter of the blasting hole, in order to ensure that the pusher rod smoothly advances into the blasting hole during the process of pushing the explosives, and to prevent the position from changing after the conveying sleeve is aligned with the blasting hole due to hand tremors or other reasons, this embodiment of the invention provides a support plate on the lower surface of the conveying sleeve. This plate is used to position and support the conveying sleeve after it is aligned with the blasting hole, thus preventing the position from changing.

[0076] See Figures 1 to 6 As shown, in order to adapt to the loading of explosives into the blast holes at the working face under different working conditions and to facilitate the loading of blast holes at various over-excavation and heights, in this embodiment, as a preferred embodiment, the push rod is composed of a telescopic structure formed by connecting several prefabricated length rods, and the conveying sleeve is composed of several prefabricated length hollow structure rods.

[0077] This embodiment uses a multi-segment connection for the push rod and the conveying sleeve, which allows for adjustment of the device length and working angle according to various working faces and conditions, making it flexible, convenient, and widely applicable.

[0078] Understandably, in this embodiment, to facilitate workers standing at a low position to load explosives into the device at a high horizontal position, the push rod should have a certain degree of elasticity and flexibility, allowing it to flex to a certain extent during the pushing of the explosive cartridge, so as to adapt to loading explosives at various angles and heights. The push rod can be made of softer materials such as PVC pipe, synthetic rubber (similar to the material of car tires), carbon fiber, and glass fiber, which have a certain degree of flexibility. As a preferred embodiment, the push rod is made of glass fiber, and the conveying sleeve is made of rigid polyvinyl chloride pipe.

[0079] The choice of the aforementioned material for the push rod in this embodiment of the invention is based on market research and performance studies. It is understood that PVC pipes, being modified PVC materials, exhibit varying strength and toughness depending on the additives used. Furthermore, there is no industry standard for grading these properties, making it impossible to definitively describe them as a specific type of PVC pipe. They can only be described as a relatively soft and elastic PVC material. Synthetic rubber is similar; its properties vary depending on the additives used, and it can only be described as, for example, "rubber material for automobile tires." Carbon fiber materials offer the best advantages in strength, elasticity, and light weight, but are more expensive. Glass fiber is relatively inferior, but data shows it is used as a pole vaulting material for some athletes, thus its performance meets requirements. Moreover, a 4mm diameter, 1m long fiber rod of this material costs approximately 1-3 yuan, making it relatively economical.

[0080] In this embodiment, as a preferred embodiment, the push rod is composed of several glass fiber rods with a length of 1000mm and an outer diameter of 30mm, the flexible pad has a thickness of 7mm and a diameter of 38mm, and the end of the spring pin has an elliptical structure.

[0081] The conveying sleeve is 500mm long, wherein the first hollow shaft section is 100mm long and has an inner diameter of 33mm, and the radial pin hole has a diameter of 10mm.

[0082] The second hollow shaft section is 400mm long, and the receiving part is a semi-circular opening structure formed by axially cutting off 100mm from the end of the second hollow shaft section. The width of the cut is 10mm, and the length of the cut is no more than 280mm.

[0083] See Figure 5 As shown, the support plate is disposed on the lower surface of the middle position of the receiving part, and the support plate has a thickness of 4mm and a length of 50mm.

[0084] Example 2

[0085] See Figure 7 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides an explosive loading device for blasting operations, which can improve the efficiency of explosive loading operations at the working face with multiple blasting holes. Its basic structure, principle, and effects are basically the same as those of Embodiment 1, except that the pushing rod 1 includes a first pushing rod 12, a second pushing rod 13, and a third pushing rod 14 arranged side-by-side, and the pushing rods are connected by a telescopic rod 15, which allows the distance between the pushing rods to be adjustable between 40 and 60 mm.

[0086] The telescopic rod 15 includes a first connecting rod 16 and a second connecting rod 17. The first connecting rod is a slide rail structure, and the second connecting rod is a slide bar structure. The first connecting rod is connected to the end of the first push rod away from the end with the flexible pad. The second connecting rod is set at the position corresponding to the second push rod and the first connecting rod. The second connecting rod is provided with a spring pin. The side wall of the first connecting rod is provided with multiple pin holes. The second connecting rod is located in the first connecting rod and can slide relative to the first connecting rod. The spacing between adjacent push rods can be adjusted by elastically snapping the spring pin with the multiple pin holes.

[0087] The telescopic rod also includes a third connecting rod 18 and a fourth connecting rod 19. The third connecting rod is a slide rail structure, and the fourth connecting rod is a slide rod structure. The third connecting rod is connected to the end of the second push rod away from the end with the flexible pad, and the third connecting rod is located on the opposite side of the second push rod with respect to the second connecting rod and is offset from the second push rod. The fourth connecting rod is located at a position corresponding to the third push rod and the third connecting rod. The third connecting rod is provided with a spring pin, and the side wall of the third connecting rod is provided with multiple pin holes. The fourth connecting rod is located in the first connecting rod and can slide relative to the third connecting rod. The spacing between adjacent push rods can be adjusted by elastically snapping the spring pin with the multiple pin holes.

[0088] The conveying sleeve includes a first conveying sleeve, a second conveying sleeve, and a third conveying sleeve respectively, corresponding to the first push rod, the second push rod, and the third push rod. The hollow structure of the first conveying sleeve, the second conveying sleeve, and the third conveying sleeve is provided with adjacently arranged cameras and supplementary lights (not shown in the figure) for monitoring the real-time position of the push rod conveying explosives in the borehole and the distance from the current real-time conveying position to the bottom of the borehole.

[0089] The device also includes a control unit (not shown in the figure), and the camera is electrically connected to the control unit.

[0090] This embodiment provides an explosive loading device with a specific structure, which uses multiple push rods in linkage to simultaneously load explosives into multiple blast holes on the same working face, thus significantly improving construction efficiency.

[0091] Furthermore, since multiple push rods are connected by telescopic rods, the spacing between the multiple push rods can be adjusted, which can adapt to the loading conditions of multiple borehole explosives with different widths and spacings.

[0092] Example 3

[0093] This invention provides a method for loading explosives as described in Embodiment 1 or 2, comprising the following steps:

[0094] The conveying push rod is inserted into the conveying sleeve, so that the push rod and the conveying sleeve are stretched to a predetermined length;

[0095] Load the explosive cartridge with the detonator wire into the receiving part of the conveyor sleeve, and adjust the position of the detonator wire to prevent it from getting tangled or falling off the cartridge during the pushing process.

[0096] Align one end of the conveying sleeve of the device, which has a receiving part, with the borehole, and push the conveying push rod to move in the conveying sleeve, thereby pushing the cartridge into the predetermined position in the borehole.

[0097] This invention provides a method for loading explosives in blasting operations. When loading explosives at over-excavated or high-height tunnel faces, the worker uses the aforementioned device to extend a push rod relative to a certain length relative to a conveying sleeve before loading the explosives. The explosives are placed in the receiving part of the conveying sleeve, the conveying sleeve is aligned with the blasting hole, and the push rod is pushed by hand or mechanical device. One end of the push rod pushes the explosives, making it easy to place the explosives into the predetermined position of the blast hole. Therefore, the method described in this invention facilitates the loading of explosives at over-excavated or high-height tunnel faces.

[0098] By using the method of the embodiments of the present invention to fill explosives into blast holes at the working face, when encountering horizontal blast holes with a large working face, it is only necessary to design a device including a push rod of appropriate length according to the situation, so as to easily and conveniently fill explosives without the need to erect scaffolding or only a few layers of scaffolding, thereby simplifying the construction process and improving the construction efficiency of filling explosives into blast holes.

[0099] Accordingly, since the method of loading explosives at higher working faces using the apparatus of the present invention eliminates the need for workers to stand at higher positions, such as on higher scaffolding, the potential personal injury risk of workers falling from heights is reduced.

[0100] In an embodiment of the present invention, as an optional embodiment, the step of inserting the conveying push rod into the conveying sleeve and stretching the push rod and the conveying sleeve to a predetermined length includes:

[0101] The overall length required to place the object at the predetermined position in the blast hole is determined based on the over-excavation or under-excavation depth at the working face and the blast hole depth.

[0102] Design and manufacture the positions of the push rod and spring pin on the push rod according to the length value;

[0103] The spring pin on the push rod is engaged into the outer diameter pin hole on the first shaft section of the conveying sleeve;

[0104] The step of loading the explosive cartridge connected to the detonator wire into the receiving part of the conveying sleeve and adjusting the position of the detonator wire to prevent it from getting tangled or falling off the explosive cartridge during the pushing process includes:

[0105] The explosive cartridge is loaded into the receiving part of the conveying sleeve, and the detonator is placed at the slit that connects to the receiving part to prevent the detonator from rubbing against the borehole wall and falling off the explosive cartridge during the pushing process.

[0106] The step of aligning one end of the conveying sleeve of the device, which has a receiving portion, with the borehole, and pushing the conveying push rod to move within the conveying sleeve, thereby pushing the propellant cartridge into a predetermined position within the borehole, includes:

[0107] The conveying sleeve is aligned and placed into the blast hole. The receiving part of the conveying sleeve is supported by a support plate at one end to assist in the positioning of the explosive charge.

[0108] As the push rod and the conveying sleeve are pushed deeper into the blast hole, the spring pin disengages from the radial pin hole, and the push rod moves axially in the conveying sleeve. The end flexible pad contacts the explosive in the contained part to prevent the explosive from directly contacting and colliding with the push rod during the loading process, thus preventing an explosion.

[0109] Push the explosives to the predetermined location of the blast hole;

[0110] Repeat the above process to complete the loading of explosives into all the blast holes.

[0111] In another optional embodiment of the present invention, the method further includes: designing a loading device according to the number of blast holes on the same working face, wherein the pushing rod of the loading device includes: a first pushing rod, a second pushing rod and a third pushing rod, the pushing rods are connected to each other by a telescopic rod, and one end of each pushing rod is connected to a hydraulic jack;

[0112] The conveying sleeve includes a first conveying sleeve, a second conveying sleeve, and a third conveying sleeve respectively, corresponding to the first push rod, the second push rod, and the third push rod. The hollow structure of the first conveying sleeve, the second conveying sleeve, and the third conveying sleeve is provided with cameras and supplementary lights arranged adjacent to each other.

[0113] The explosives are respectively loaded into the receiving parts of the first conveying sleeve, the second conveying sleeve, and the third conveying sleeve;

[0114] Adjust the spacing of each push rod according to the spacing of the blast holes on the same plane of the working face, and align the end of the first conveying sleeve, the second conveying sleeve and the third conveying sleeve with the receiving part with the blast hole.

[0115] A hydraulic jack is used to push the first push rod, the second push rod, and the third push rod, which move axially in conjunction within the conveying sleeve.

[0116] Turn on the supplementary light, and continuously capture images of the axial movement position of the push rod in the blast hole and the position of the bottom of the blast hole through the cameras in the first, second and third conveying sleeves;

[0117] The image is sent to the control unit, which processes the image and obtains the real-time position information of the push rod and the distance information from the bottom of the hole.

[0118] Based on the location information and the distance from the bottom of the hole, the feed rate of the hydraulic jack is controlled in real time until the explosive charge is loaded into the borehole.

[0119] It is understood that the control of the hydraulic jack feed rate can be achieved manually or automatically by the control unit, and this embodiment of the invention does not limit this.

[0120] This embodiment provides an explosive loading device with a specific structure, which uses multiple push rods in linkage to simultaneously load explosives into multiple blast holes on the same working face, thus significantly improving construction efficiency.

[0121] Furthermore, since multiple push rods are connected by telescopic rods, the spacing between the multiple push rods can be adjusted, which can adapt to the loading conditions of multiple borehole explosives with different widths and spacings.

[0122] The vehicle body and the explosive loading device described in Embodiment 1 are mounted on the vehicle body.

[0123] It is understood that the description in the specification is kept as concise and clear as possible while maintaining clarity and transparency. The various embodiments of this invention are consistent with the spirit of the invention, but differ in their focus. The solutions and their effects can be referred to each other, and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0124] It should be noted that in this document, the terms "upper," "lower," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationship, are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly, for example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element. This will be understood by those skilled in the art through the specific circumstances.

[0125] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An explosive loading device for blasting operations, characterized in that, It includes a push rod and a conveying sleeve. The push rod is disposed in the conveying sleeve and can move axially in the conveying sleeve. The conveying sleeve is provided with a receiving part for holding explosives. One end of the push rod is provided with a flexible pad, and a radially extending spring pin is provided on the outer periphery of the push rod near the end of the flexible pad; The conveying sleeve has a stepped shaft structure, including a first hollow shaft section and a second hollow shaft section. The inner diameter of the first hollow shaft section and the second hollow shaft section is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the push rod. The first hollow shaft section is provided with a radial pin hole. One end of the second hollow shaft section is provided with a connecting part for connecting with the first hollow shaft section. The other end of the second hollow shaft section is provided with the receiving part. An axial slit is opened on the circumferential solid structure of the second hollow shaft section between the connecting part and the receiving part. The slit communicates with the receiving part. One end of the push rod with a flexible pad is inserted into the first hollow shaft section of the conveying sleeve, and the spring pin is inserted into the radial pin hole to form an elastic snap-fit ​​connection structure. When loading explosives into the blast hole, the explosives are placed in the receiving part, and the push rod is connected to the radial pin hole by the spring pin, so that the push rod and the delivery sleeve are in an extended state. The conveying sleeve is placed into the blast hole, and the push rod is pushed. As the push rod and the conveying sleeve go deeper into the blast hole, the spring pin disengages from the radial pin hole, and the push rod moves axially in the conveying sleeve. The end flexible pad contacts the explosive in the contained part, and the explosive is pushed to fill the predetermined position of the blast hole. The push rod is a telescopic structure composed of several prefabricated length rods connected together, which is used to design the length of the push rod according to the actual construction conditions on site. The conveying sleeve is composed of several prefabricated length hollow structure rods. The push rod has elasticity and flexibility, and can bend during the push of the medicine roll. Multiple radial pin holes are provided axially along the first hollow shaft section to adjust the connection position between the spring pin and the pin hole under different working conditions. The receiving part is an open arc structure formed by axial cutting along the end of the second hollow shaft section. The lower surface of the receiving part is provided with a support plate. The connecting end of the support plate includes an inward arc. The support plate is clamped on the lower surface of the receiving part by the inward arc to support the receiving part. The push rod also includes multiple push rods linked together, that is, the push rod includes a first push rod, a second push rod and a third push rod arranged side by side, and each push rod is connected by a telescopic rod, so that the distance between each push rod can be adjusted between 40 and 60 mm. The telescopic rod includes a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod. The first connecting rod is a slide rail structure, and the second connecting rod is a slide bar structure. The first connecting rod is connected to the end of the first push rod away from the end with the flexible pad. The second connecting rod is located at a position corresponding to the second push rod and the first connecting rod. The second connecting rod is provided with a spring pin. The side wall of the first connecting rod is provided with multiple pin holes. The second connecting rod is located in the first connecting rod and can slide relative to the first connecting rod. The spacing between adjacent push rods can be adjusted by elastically snapping the spring pin with the multiple pin holes. The telescopic rod includes a third connecting rod and a fourth connecting rod. The third connecting rod is a slide rail structure, and the fourth connecting rod is a slide bar structure. The third connecting rod is connected to the end of the second push rod away from the end with the flexible pad, and the third connecting rod is located on the opposite side of the second push rod with respect to the second connecting rod and is offset from the second push rod. The fourth connecting rod is located at a position corresponding to the third push rod and the third connecting rod. The third connecting rod is provided with a spring pin, and the side wall of the third connecting rod is provided with multiple pin holes. The fourth connecting rod is located in the first connecting rod and can slide relative to the third connecting rod. The spacing between adjacent push rods can be adjusted by elastically snapping the spring pin with the multiple pin holes. The conveying sleeves corresponding to the first push rod, the second push rod, and the third push rod respectively include a first conveying sleeve, a second conveying sleeve, and a third conveying sleeve. The hollow structures of the first conveying sleeve, the second conveying sleeve, and the third conveying sleeve are equipped with adjacently arranged cameras and supplementary lights, which are used to monitor the real-time position of the push rod conveying explosives in the borehole and the distance from the current real-time conveying position to the bottom of the borehole. The device also includes a control unit, and the camera is electrically connected to the control unit.

2. The explosive loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The push rod is made of fiberglass, and the conveying sleeve is made of rigid polyvinyl chloride pipe; The push rod is composed of several glass fiber rods with a length of 1000mm and an outer diameter of 30mm. The flexible pad has a thickness of 7mm and a diameter of 38mm. The end of the spring pin has an elliptical structure. The conveying sleeve is 500mm long, wherein the first hollow shaft section is 100mm long and has an inner diameter of 33mm, and the radial pin hole has a diameter of 10mm. The second hollow shaft section is 400mm long, and the receiving part is a semi-circular opening structure formed by axially cutting off 100mm from the end of the second hollow shaft section. The width of the cut is 10mm, and the length of the cut is no more than 280mm. The support plate is located on the lower surface of the middle position of the receiving part. The support plate has a thickness of 4mm and a length of 50mm.

3. A method for loading explosives using the explosive loading device according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, include: The push rod is inserted into the conveying sleeve, and the push rod and the conveying sleeve are stretched to a predetermined length; Load the explosive cartridge with the detonator wire into the receiving part of the conveyor sleeve, and adjust the position of the detonator wire to prevent it from getting tangled or falling off the explosive cartridge during the pushing process. Align one end of the conveying sleeve of the device with the receiving part with the borehole, and push the push rod to move in the conveying sleeve, thereby pushing the cartridge into the predetermined position in the borehole. The step of inserting the push rod into the conveying sleeve and stretching the push rod and the conveying sleeve to a predetermined length includes: The overall length required to place the object at the predetermined position in the blast hole is determined based on the over-excavation or under-excavation depth at the working face and the blast hole depth. Design and manufacture the positions of the push rod and spring pin on the push rod according to the length value; The spring pin on the push rod is engaged into the outer diameter pin hole on the first shaft section of the conveying sleeve; The step of loading the explosive cartridge connected to the detonator wire into the receiving part of the conveying sleeve and adjusting the position of the detonator wire to prevent it from getting tangled or falling off the explosive cartridge during the pushing process includes: The explosive cartridge is loaded into the receiving part of the conveying sleeve, and the detonator is placed at the slit that connects to the receiving part to prevent the detonator from rubbing against the borehole wall and falling off the explosive cartridge during the pushing process. The step of aligning one end of the conveying sleeve of the device, which has a receiving portion, with the borehole, and pushing the push rod to move within the conveying sleeve, thereby pushing the propellant cartridge into a predetermined position within the borehole, includes: The conveying sleeve is aligned and placed into the blast hole. The receiving part of the conveying sleeve is supported by a support plate at one end to assist in the positioning of the explosive charge. As the push rod and the conveying sleeve are pushed deeper into the blast hole, the spring pin disengages from the radial pin hole, and the push rod moves axially in the conveying sleeve. The end flexible pad contacts the explosive in the contained part to prevent the explosive from directly contacting and colliding with the push rod during the loading process, thus preventing an explosion. Push the explosives to the predetermined location of the blast hole; Repeat the above process to complete the explosive loading of all blast holes; The method further includes: designing a loading device according to the number of blast holes on the same face, wherein the loading device includes a first pushing rod, a second pushing rod and a third pushing rod, and the pushing rods are connected to each other by a telescopic rod, and one end of each pushing rod is connected to a hydraulic jack; The conveying sleeves corresponding to the first push rod, the second push rod, and the third push rod respectively include a first conveying sleeve, a second conveying sleeve, and a third conveying sleeve. The hollow structures of the first conveying sleeve, the second conveying sleeve, and the third conveying sleeve are provided with adjacently arranged cameras and supplementary lights. The explosives are respectively loaded into the receiving parts of the first conveying sleeve, the second conveying sleeve, and the third conveying sleeve; Adjust the spacing of each push rod according to the spacing of the blast holes on the same plane of the working face, and align the end of the first conveying sleeve, the second conveying sleeve and the third conveying sleeve with the receiving part with the blast hole. A hydraulic jack is used to push the first push rod, the second push rod, and the third push rod, which move axially in conjunction within the conveying sleeve. Turn on the supplementary light, and continuously capture images of the axial movement position of the push rod in the blast hole and the position of the bottom of the blast hole through the cameras in the first, second and third conveying sleeves; The image is sent to the control unit, which processes the image and obtains the real-time position information of the push rod and the distance information from the bottom of the hole. Based on the location information and the distance from the bottom of the hole, the feed rate of the hydraulic jack is controlled in real time until the explosive charge is loaded into the borehole.

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