A synchronous sewage unloading and pretreatment device and method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a synchronous sewage unloading and pretreatment device and method, belonging to the technical field of train sewage and wastewater treatment. The synchronous sewage unloading and pretreatment device includes a sewage box for storing sewage on the train, a first separation unit for separating coarse garbage in the sewage box, a first treatment unit for treating mixed sewage after the coarse garbage is separated, and generating solid substances from suspended pollutants in the mixed sewage, a second separation unit for separating the solid substances generated in the first treatment unit from the mixed sewage, and a post-treatment unit for treating the solid substances separated from the second separation unit and the remaining liquid sewage. The synchronous sewage unloading and pretreatment device and method provided by the present invention prolongs the service life of the device, reduces the difficulty of subsequent sewage treatment, and realizes the resource utilization of solid pollutants by separating and treating coarse garbage, solid sewage and liquid sewage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of train dirt and sewage treatment, and in particular to a synchronous dirt unloading and pretreatment device and method. Background Art

[0002] The use of enclosed toilets on passenger trains has changed the decentralized discharge method of fecal sewage in direct-discharge toilets, but it also brings with it the problem of handling and disposing of large amounts of high-concentration fecal sewage. The feces and other sewage collected by EMUs have high organic matter concentrations, high nitrogen content, and complex phosphorus forms, so a small amount of fecal sewage can still cause serious environmental pollution problems. According to statistical analysis, the concentration of pollutants in fecal sewage is generally higher than other sewage in the station area, especially nitrogen, which is ten to twenty times higher than domestic sewage, and phosphorus, which is nearly one hundred times higher. In fecal sewage, the pollutants carried by feces are about three to five times that of urine, that is, the pollutants in fecal sewage mainly come from feces, and the pollution is mainly suspended solids.

[0003] In the prior art, although the suspended solids in the fecal sewage can be reduced by treating the fecal sewage through physical and biochemical methods in the septic tank, the fecal sewage stays in the septic tank for a long time, and the fecal solids containing a large amount of pollutants undergo biochemical reactions. Under the action of microorganisms, the fecal solids are decomposed, thereby releasing the nitrogen and phosphorus elements originally in the fecal solids into a dissolved state. Therefore, although the septic tank can reduce the suspended solids in the fecal sewage, it greatly increases the concentration of dissolved pollutants in the sewage, resulting in increased difficulty in later sewage treatment; at the same time, a large amount of nutrients in the solid matter are lost, reducing the fertilizer efficiency of the resource utilization of the solid matter, resulting in a waste of resources; in addition, the fecal sewage also contains debris such as toilet paper, which brings a certain burden to the device during the transportation and treatment of the waste, affecting the service life of the device. Summary of the invention

[0004] The first object of the present invention is to provide a synchronous sewage unloading and pretreatment device to perform solid-liquid separation on solids in sewage, extend the service life of the device, reduce the difficulty of sewage treatment, and realize resource utilization of solid matter in sewage.

[0005] The second object of the present invention is to provide a synchronous sewage unloading and pretreatment method to perform solid-liquid separation on sewage, reduce the difficulty of sewage treatment, and realize resource utilization of solid matter in sewage.

[0006] To achieve the first purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A synchronous sewage unloading and pre-treatment device for treating sewage on a train, the sewage including bulky garbage, suspended pollutants and liquid sewage, comprising:

[0008] Dirt box, used to store dirt on the train;

[0009] A first separation unit is used to separate the coarse garbage in the garbage tank;

[0010] The first processing unit is used to process the mixed sewage after the coarse garbage is separated, and to convert the suspended pollutants in the mixed sewage into solid substances;

[0011] a second separation unit for separating the solid matter generated in the first treatment unit from the mixed sewage;

[0012] The post-treatment unit is used to treat the solid matter separated from the second separation unit and the remaining liquid sewage in the mixed sewage.

[0013] Optionally, the system further comprises a first power unit disposed after the first separation unit, and the first power unit can provide power to transport the dirt from the dirt tank to the first separation unit.

[0014] Optionally, the first power unit includes a vacuum unit, which provides a negative pressure environment for the first separation unit to transport waste.

[0015] Optionally, the first treatment unit comprises a flocculation conditioner, into which a conditioning agent is added to convert suspended pollutants in the mixed sewage into solid matter.

[0016] Optionally, a stirring element is provided in the flocculation conditioner, and the stirring element is used to stir and mix the dirt and the conditioner.

[0017] Optionally, the conditioning agent comprises at least:

[0018] a first conditioning agent for generating solid suspended particles with suspended pollutants in the mixed sewage;

[0019] The second conditioning agent is used for reacting with the solid suspended particles to generate solid matter.

[0020] Optionally, the first processing unit further comprises a storage tank for storing mixed sewage, and the storage tank is arranged between the flocculation conditioner and the first separation unit.

[0021] Optionally, the post-processing unit includes:

[0022] A solid handling component for collecting and handling solid matter;

[0023] Liquid handling components are used to collect and treat liquid sewage.

[0024] Optionally, the second separation unit comprises a solid-liquid separator, which can separate solid matter from the mixed waste.

[0025] To achieve the second purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0026] A synchronous sewage unloading and pretreatment method comprises the following steps:

[0027] The garbage box stores the garbage on the train and separates the coarse garbage from the garbage;

[0028] To convert suspended pollutants in mixed waste after separating coarse waste into solid matter;

[0029] Separate solid matter from mixed sewage;

[0030] The solid matter and the remaining liquid sewage in the mixed sewage are treated separately.

[0031] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0032] The present invention provides a train synchronous sewage unloading and pretreatment device, which separates solid matter generated by the reaction from mixed sewage through a second separation unit, so that the solid matter does not pass through a septic tank, thereby avoiding that part of the solid matter in the septic tank will react and be converted into a dissolved state, thereby reducing the pollution concentration of the liquid matter and the difficulty of sewage treatment; after the sewage is subjected to two-stage solid-liquid separation treatment by the first separation unit and the second separation unit, the loss of the device by coarse garbage and solid matter in subsequent sewage transportation is reduced, and the service life of the device is extended; the solid matter and the remaining matter are treated separately, thereby reducing the difficulty of subsequent sewage treatment, and at the same time, most of the nutrients such as carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in the sewage exist in the form of solid matter, and the loss of nutrients can be avoided after separation and recovery, thereby realizing the utilization of solid resources.

[0033] The processing method of the train synchronous sewage unloading and pretreatment device provided by the present invention first separates the coarse garbage in the sewage in the sewage box, and after processing the mixed sewage to generate solid matter, further separates the solid matter; after two-stage solid-liquid separation, the difficulty of sewage treatment is reduced and the utilization of solid resources is realized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a synchronous sewage unloading and pretreatment device provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 It is a flow chart of a synchronous sewage unloading and pretreatment method provided by a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] In the figure:

[0037] 1-waste box; 2-first separation unit; 4-second separation unit; 6-collection box; 7-first power unit;

[0038] 31-storage box; 32-first conditioning agent; 33-second conditioning agent; 34-third conditioning agent; 35-flocculation conditioning machine; 36-stirring member;

[0039] 51-solid processing assembly; 52-liquid processing assembly; 53-gas processing assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to make the technical problems solved by the present invention, the technical solutions adopted and the technical effects achieved clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected", and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0042] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0043] The closed toilets on passenger trains collect and treat waste in a centralized manner. The waste includes coarse garbage and mixed waste. The mixed waste includes suspended pollutants and liquid sewage. When treating waste, coarse garbage will bring a heavy burden to the equipment and affect its service life. The suspended pollutants have a high concentration of organic matter and high content of nitrogen and phosphorus. Under the action of microorganisms, fecal solids are decomposed, so that the nitrogen and phosphorus elements originally in the solids are released into the sewage in a dissolved state. Therefore, a small amount of fecal sewage can still cause serious environmental pollution problems. At the same time, a large amount of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus are lost, which reduces the fertilizer efficiency of the resource utilization of solid substances and causes waste of resources.

[0044] To solve the above problems, this embodiment provides a synchronous dirt unloading and pre-treatment device for treating dirt on a train, such as Figure 1As shown, it includes a waste box 1, a first separation unit 2, a first processing unit, a second separation unit 4 and a post-processing unit, wherein the waste box 1 is used to store waste on the train; the first separation unit 2 is used to separate the coarse garbage in the waste box 1; the first processing unit is used to process the mixed waste after the coarse garbage is separated, and to generate solid substances from the suspended pollutants in the mixed waste, and the solid substances generated by the reaction are separated from the mixed waste by the second separation unit 4, so that the solid substances do not pass through the septic tank, avoiding that some of the solid substances in the septic tank will react and be converted into dissolved states, thereby reducing the pollution concentration of liquid sewage and the difficulty of waste treatment. ; The second separation unit 4 is used to separate the solid matter generated in the first treatment unit from the mixed sewage. After the sewage is subjected to two-stage solid-liquid separation treatment in the first separation unit 2 and the second separation unit 4, the loss of equipment caused by coarse garbage and solid matter in subsequent sewage transportation is reduced, and the service life of the equipment is extended; the post-treatment unit is used to treat the solid matter separated from the second separation unit 4 and the remaining liquid sewage in the mixed sewage, which reduces the difficulty of subsequent sewage treatment. At the same time, most of the nutrients such as carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and so on in the sewage exist in the form of solid substances. After separation and recovery, the loss of nutrients can be avoided, thereby realizing the utilization of solid resources.

[0045] Optionally, the post-processing unit includes a solid processing component 51 and a liquid processing component 52. The solid processing component 51 is used to collect and process solid matter; specifically, the solid matter separated from the solid and liquid is further dehydrated to remove the water in the solid matter, so that the solid matter can be used as a raw material for solid organic fertilizer processing. Since the mixed sewage has achieved solid-liquid separation before the biochemical reaction occurs, the nutrients such as carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus in the suspended solids have always existed in solid form, and the loss is avoided as much as possible. Therefore, the solid formed after solid-liquid separation and feces dehydration and drying retains the most nutrients and has the greatest fertilizer effect. It is sold to an organic fertilizer processing plant and produced into organic fertilizer through aerobic composting, generating economic benefits.

[0046] The liquid treatment component 52 is used to collect and treat liquid sewage. Specifically, after the solid matter is separated by the second separation unit 4, the concentration of pollutants in the remaining liquid matter is greatly reduced to become low-concentration sewage. The remaining high-concentration nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants can be removed by a series of biochemical reactions such as oxidation, nitrification, and denitrification of microorganisms, and the treated sewage can be mixed and discharged.

[0047] Optionally, the train waste treatment device also includes a first power unit 7 arranged behind the first separation unit 2, and the first power unit 7 can provide power to transport the waste from the waste tank 1 to the first separation unit 2. In this embodiment, the first power unit 7 includes a vacuum unit, which provides a negative pressure environment for the first separation unit 2 to transport the waste; optionally, the vacuum unit is a cam pump, which has the advantages of wear resistance, corrosion resistance and strong passability, and is suitable for transporting mixed waste. Optionally, the first separation unit is a garbage separator, and a filter structure can be provided on the garbage separator, and when the waste flows through the filter, the coarse garbage is separated from the mixed waste; optionally, the size of the filter mesh can be set according to actual needs to separate the coarse garbage of the required size.

[0048] Optionally, a connecting pipe is provided between the garbage box 1 and the first separation unit 2. When the coarse garbage passes through the connecting pipe, the easily crushed coarse garbage in the coarse garbage can be crushed into small particles through the power action of the first power unit 7 and the squeezing action of the connecting pipe. When passing through the first separation unit 2, the uncrushed coarse garbage is separated out and discharged into the collection box 6, and the crushed small particles are discharged into the first processing unit for processing together with the remaining mixed garbage.

[0049] Continue to refer to Figure 1 The first processing unit includes a flocculation conditioner 35, into which a conditioning agent is added to convert the suspended pollutants in the mixed sewage into solid matter for subsequent separation.

[0050] Optionally, a stirring member 36 is provided in the flocculation conditioner 35, and the stirring member 36 is used to stir the mixed dirt and the conditioning agent to make them fully mixed and react. Optionally, the conditioning agent includes at least a first conditioning agent 32 and a second conditioning agent 33, wherein the first conditioning agent 32 is used to generate solid suspended particles with the suspended pollutants in the mixed dirt; and the second conditioning agent 33 is used to react with the solid suspended particles to generate solid substances. Specifically, a certain amount of the first conditioning agent 32 is added according to the content of dissolved phosphorus in the actual suspended pollutants, and the stirring member 36 allows the mixed dirt to fully react with the conditioning agent, and then a certain amount of the second conditioning agent 33 is added to flocculate the solid suspended particles generated by the reaction and the original solid suspended particles into solid substances that are easy to separate, and the stirring member 36 continues to stir to make them fully mixed. The suspended solid particles are fully contacted and stirred for a short time, and it is sufficient to ensure that they are fully mixed with the second conditioning agent 33 to avoid the generated solid substances from dissolving again, and then stand for a certain time.

[0051] In order to ensure that the mixed sewage stays in the flocculation conditioner 35 for a stable time, optionally, the first processing unit further includes a storage tank 31 for storing the mixed sewage, which is arranged between the flocculation conditioner 35 and the first separation unit 2, and is used to cache the mixed sewage, so that the mixed sewage is fully reacted in the flocculation conditioner 35, and then the mixed sewage in the storage tank 31 is discharged into the flocculation conditioner 35. Specifically, the mixed sewage stays in the storage tank 31 for about eight hours, which plays a caching role, and then the mixed sewage is transported to the flocculation conditioner 35. Optionally, the device further includes a second power unit, which is arranged after the flocculation conditioner 35, and provides power for the mixed sewage in the storage tank 31 to be transported to the flocculation conditioner.

[0052] Optionally, the first separation unit 2, the first power unit 7, the flocculation conditioner 35 and the storage box 31, the second separation unit 4 and the second power unit are an integrated treatment device, and the treatment effect is stable. At the same time, the residence time of the mixed sewage in the storage box 31 can be controlled by adjusting the operating speed of the first power unit and the second power unit, so as to adjust the treatment efficiency of the entire device when treating different mixed sewage. Optionally, the first power unit 7 can intermittently perform the sewage suction process in the sewage box 1, so that the storage box 31 can cache and store the mixed sewage, and the subsequent treatment can be carried out continuously and smoothly. Optionally, the second separation unit 4 includes a solid-liquid separator, which can separate solid substances from the mixed sewage.

[0053] The mixed waste contains a large number of microorganisms, which can convert organic matter into inflammable, explosive and smelly gases such as methane. To reduce the generation of odor, a third conditioning agent 34 is optionally added to the storage box 31 to disinfect and sterilize the mixed waste and generate gaseous substances.

[0054] Optionally, the post-processing unit also includes a gas processing component 53, which is used to collect and process gaseous substances. Specifically, the generated gaseous substances are sealed and collected, and transmitted to the odor collection and treatment, so as to reduce the concentration of polluted gases in the odor and then discharge them into the air, thereby ensuring that there is no odor in the space of the entire train waste treatment device, reducing the damage caused by the odor to the device, and facilitating maintenance and inspection.

[0055] This embodiment also provides a synchronous unloading and pretreatment method, such as Figure 2 As shown, it mainly includes the following steps:

[0056] Step 1: The dirt on the train is stored in the dirt box 1, and the coarse garbage in the dirt is separated to prevent the coarse garbage from clogging the device and affecting the service life of the device.

[0057] Specifically, the dirt box 1 contains the dirt on the train, and the cam pump provides power to draw the dirt out of the dirt box; a connecting pipe is provided between the dirt box and the garbage separator, and when the dirt passes through the connecting pipe, the easily crushed coarse garbage in the coarse garbage is crushed into small particles; the garbage separator separates the uncrushed coarse garbage into the collection box 6; after the coarse garbage is separated from the dirt, the mixed dirt remaining in the garbage separator enters the subsequent mechanism.

[0058] Step 2: The suspended pollutants in the mixed sewage after the coarse garbage is separated are converted into solid matter to ensure that the nutrients exist in the form of solid matter. The loss of nutrients can be avoided through separation and recovery, thereby improving resource utilization.

[0059] Specifically, after the mixed dirt flows out of the garbage separator, it enters the storage box 31, so that the mixed dirt is buffered between the dirt box and the flocculation conditioner 35, ensuring that the subsequent treatment can proceed smoothly; optionally, a third conditioning agent 34 is added to the storage box to sterilize and disinfect the dirt, reduce the generation of odor, and at the same time, the gaseous substances generated during the reaction are collected by the liquid treatment component 53 and transmitted to the odor collection and treatment, reducing the concentration of pollutant gases in the odor and then discharging them at high altitude, ensuring that there is no odor in the entire train waste treatment device space, and reducing the damage caused by odor to the device, and also facilitating maintenance and repair. Optionally, the third conditioning agent 34 can use sodium hypochlorite, disinfectant or lime emulsion, etc.

[0060] After that, the mixed sewage enters the flocculation conditioner 35, and a conditioner is added to the flocculation conditioner 35 to convert the suspended pollutants in the mixed sewage into solid substances; optionally, a certain amount of the first conditioner 32 is added according to the actual content of dissolved phosphorus in the suspended pollutants, and then a certain amount of the second conditioner 33 is added to flocculate the solid suspended particles generated by the reaction into solid substances, so as to facilitate the subsequent separation of the solid substances, so as to reduce the loss of nutrients, reduce the pollution concentration of liquid sewage and reduce the difficulty of sewage treatment. Optionally, stirring can be performed during the reaction of the mixed sewage to make it fully react. Optionally, the first conditioner 32 uses a flocculant such as polyferric sulfate or polyaluminum chloride; optionally, the second conditioner 33 uses a coagulant such as polyacrylamide.

[0061] Step 3: Separate the solid matter from the mixed waste to prevent the solid matter from being converted into a dissolved state, reduce the difficulty of waste treatment, and also reduce the operating pressure of the device and increase the service life of the device.

[0062] Specifically, the solid matter in the mixed sewage is separated by the solid-liquid separation component, and optionally, the solid matter enters the solid treatment component 51; the liquid sewage remaining in the mixed sewage enters the liquid treatment component 52 through the solid-liquid separator.

[0063] Step 4: Treat the solid matter and the remaining liquid sewage in the mixed sewage separately to achieve material recovery or discharge.

[0064] Specifically, the solid treatment component 51 further removes water from the solid matter by dehydrating it, so that the solid matter can be used as raw material for solid organic fertilizer processing; the liquid treatment component 52 can use a series of biochemical reactions such as microbial oxidation, nitrification, and denitrification to remove the remaining high concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants from the liquid sewage, and the treated sewage can be mixed and discharged.

[0065] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A synchronous sewage unloading and pretreatment device for treating sewage on a train, wherein the sewage includes bulky garbage, suspended pollutants and liquid sewage, characterized in that: include: A waste box (1) for storing the waste on the train; A first separation unit (2) is used to separate the coarse garbage in the waste box (1); A first processing unit is used to process the mixed waste after the coarse garbage is separated, and to convert the suspended pollutants in the mixed waste into solid matter; a second separation unit (4) for separating the solid matter generated in the first treatment unit from the mixed sewage; a post-treatment unit for treating the solid matter separated from the second separation unit (4) and the liquid sewage remaining in the mixed sewage; The synchronous sewage unloading and pre-treatment device further comprises: a first power unit (7) arranged behind the first separation unit (2), the first power unit (7) being capable of providing power to transport the sewage from the sewage tank (1) to the first separation unit (2); The first power unit (7) comprises a vacuum unit, and the vacuum unit provides a negative pressure environment for the first separation unit (2) to transport the waste; A connecting pipe is provided between the waste box (1) and the first separation unit (2). When the bulky garbage passes through the connecting pipe, the power of the first power unit (7) and the squeezing action of the connecting pipe can cause the easily crushable garbage in the bulky garbage to be crushed into small particles.

2. The synchronous sewage unloading and pretreatment device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first treatment unit comprises a flocculation conditioner (35), into which a conditioning agent is added to convert the suspended pollutants in the mixed sewage into the solid matter.

3. The synchronous sewage unloading and pretreatment device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The flocculation conditioner (35) is provided with a stirring member (36), and the stirring member (36) is used to stir the mixed dirt and the conditioning agent.

4. The synchronous sewage unloading and pretreatment device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The conditioning agent comprises at least: a first conditioning agent (32) for generating solid suspended particles with the suspended pollutants in the mixed sewage; The second conditioning agent (33) is used for reacting with the solid suspended particles to generate the solid matter.

5. The synchronous sewage unloading and pretreatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first treatment unit further comprises a storage tank (31) for storing the mixed waste, wherein the storage tank (31) is arranged between the flocculation conditioner (35) and the first separation unit (2).

6. The synchronous sewage unloading and pretreatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The post-processing unit comprises: A solid processing component (51) for collecting and processing the solid matter; The liquid treatment component (52) is used to collect and treat the liquid sewage.

7. The synchronous sewage unloading and pretreatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second separation unit (4) comprises a solid-liquid separator, which is capable of separating the solid matter from the mixed waste.

8. A synchronous sewage unloading and pretreatment method, applied to the synchronous sewage unloading and pretreatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The waste box (1) stores waste on the train and separates the coarse garbage from the waste; converting suspended pollutants in the mixed waste after the coarse garbage is separated into solid matter; separating the solid matter from the mixed sewage; The solid matter and the remaining liquid sewage in the mixed sewage are treated separately.

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