A signal covering device in a tunnel based on a manhole cover

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of tunnel signal coverage and manhole cover technology, and in particular to a signal coverage device in a tunnel based on a manhole cover. A number of manhole cover columns are evenly arranged circumferentially below the manhole cover body; a broadband amplifier is arranged inside the manhole cover body, one end of the broadband amplifier is connected to a receiving antenna, and the other end of the broadband amplifier is connected to a radio frequency output connector and a power supply communication connector respectively; the radio frequency output connector is connected to a covering antenna arranged on the bottom surface of the manhole cover body or the top of the tunnel. In order to solve the problems of high cost, poor coverage or safety existing in the prior art. The present invention proposes a tunnel signal coverage device based on a manhole cover; it realizes mobile signal network coverage in the tunnel, reduces the cost of network coverage, effectively reduces the occurrence of dangerous accidents, and communicates with the operating room personnel in a timely manner when problems are found to reduce the occurrence of dangerous accidents and further ensure the safety of life and property.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel signal coverage and manhole covers, and in particular to a signal coverage device in a tunnel based on a manhole cover. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of my country's power industry, communications industry, and petroleum and petrochemical industry, the number of power tunnels, integrated pipelines, oil pipelines, and oil storage corridors is increasing day by day. At present, the construction rate of underground pipelines represented by power tunnels and communication tunnels is gradually increasing. Due to the unique form and particularity of tunnels, mobile signal networks cannot cover underground, and the cost of overall mobile signal coverage inside the tunnel is very high. Major operation and maintenance companies have not yet covered the signal of mobile 2G / 3G / 4G / 5G networks inside the pipeline. Because many electronic equipment such as power cables, communication equipment, fire monitoring systems, and power monitoring equipment are used inside power tunnels, technicians and operation and maintenance personnel are often required to conduct inspections or technical operations in the tunnel. Because the tunnel is built deep underground, the internal space is relatively closed, and there is no mobile network signal. When the operator finds a problem, it is impossible to communicate with the ground personnel or the operation room personnel in time, which brings great inconvenience to the work of relevant technicians or maintenance personnel. At the same time, the internal environment of the tunnel is relatively harsh, and some areas lack oxygen or have toxic and harmful gases. When the monitoring room personnel detect anomalies, they cannot communicate with the on-site personnel in a timely manner, which will endanger the personal safety of the operation and maintenance personnel and easily lead to dangerous accidents without real-time communication with the outside world. Patent CN105762486A, published on July 13, 2016, is a smart manhole cover that only places the antenna inside the manhole cover to improve the communication performance of the manhole cover monitoring, but does not play the role of related signal coverage. Patent CN109972662A, published on July 5, 2019, only introduces the coverage method of the WiFi signal that the manhole cover can provide above the ground, and it is based on the premise of having a network. The patent has no practical significance in solving the problem.

[0003] Therefore, in order to reduce the cost of signal coverage, it is necessary to develop a covering device that is low in cost, has good coverage effect, and is combined with a manhole cover. Summary of the invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention:

[0005] In order to solve the problems of high cost, poor coverage or safety in the prior art, the present invention proposes a tunnel signal coverage device based on a manhole cover; it realizes the mobile signal network coverage in the tunnel, reduces the cost of network coverage, effectively reduces the occurrence of dangerous accidents, and communicates with the operation room personnel in time when problems are found to reduce the occurrence of dangerous accidents and further ensure the safety of life and property.

[0006] Technical solution:

[0007] A signal coverage device in a tunnel based on a manhole cover, wherein a plurality of manhole cover columns are evenly arranged circumferentially below the manhole cover body; a broadband amplifier is arranged inside the manhole cover body, one end of the broadband amplifier is connected to a receiving antenna, and the other end of the broadband amplifier is respectively connected to a radio frequency output connector and a power supply communication connector; the radio frequency output connector is connected to an omnidirectional coverage antenna arranged on the bottom surface of the manhole cover body or on the top of the tunnel.

[0008] Furthermore, a receiving antenna is provided inside the manhole cover body, and the receiving antenna connects the main antenna connection line and the diversity antenna connection line to the broadband amplifier through the bracket through-hole copper support; the top shielding layer, the bottom shielding layer, and the shielding layers arranged on both sides are connected by copper mesh rings to form a sealed shielding cabin structure, and the broadband amplifier is fixed in this shielding cabin structure; the bottom end of the broadband amplifier is respectively connected to the RF output connector and the power supply communication connector.

[0009] Furthermore, the receiving antenna is connected to one end of the first power divider through a main antenna connecting line, the diversity antenna of the receiving antenna is connected to the second end of the first power divider through a diversity antenna connecting line, and the output end of the first power divider is connected to the first duplexer; the uplink interface of the first duplexer is connected to the output end of the uplink power amplifier, the downlink interface of the first duplexer is connected to the input end of the downlink low noise amplifier, and the common port is connected to the output end of the first power divider; the downlink low noise amplifier input end is connected to the downlink output end of the first duplexer, and the downlink low noise amplifier output end is connected to the input end of the downlink filter and the downlink low noise amplifier AGC gain control circuit; the output end of the downlink filter is connected to the input end of the downlink power amplifier; the output end of the downlink power amplifier is respectively connected to the second duplexer and the downlink power amplifier ALC power control circuit; the second duplexer is connected to the input end of the second power divider, and the output end of the second power divider is respectively connected to the main coverage antenna connecting line and the diversity antenna connecting line; the main coverage antenna connecting line and the diversity antenna connecting line are respectively connected to the coverage antenna to achieve downlink coverage of the signal.

[0010] Furthermore, the uplink signal is connected to the second power divider through the coverage antenna via the main coverage antenna connecting line and the diversity antenna connecting line, the second power divider is connected to the common port of the second duplexer, the uplink interface of the second duplexer outputs the uplink signal and is connected to the input end of the uplink low noise amplifier for signal amplification; the output end of the uplink low noise amplifier is connected to the input end of the uplink filter; the output end of the uplink filter is connected to the input end of the uplink power amplifier; the output end of the uplink power amplifier is respectively connected to the uplink input interface of the first duplexer and the uplink power amplifier ALC power control circuit; the first duplexer combines the uplink and downlink signals, transmits them to the first power divider, and then transmits them to the receiving antenna through the main antenna connecting line and the diversity antenna connecting line to transmit the uplink signal.

[0011] Furthermore, the core controller for controlling the gain and power adjustment of the uplink and downlink is respectively connected to the downlink low noise amplifier AGC gain control circuit, the uplink power amplifier ALC power control circuit, the downlink power amplifier ALC power control circuit, and the uplink low noise amplifier AGC gain control circuit; the power supply and interface of the whole machine configure the core controller through the interface circuit.

[0012] Furthermore, the omnidirectional coverage antenna is fixed to the bottom of the manhole cover or the top of the tunnel through the antenna fixing screws; the amplifier RF connector is connected to one end of the antenna RF connector through the covering antenna connecting line, and the other end of the antenna RF connector fixed on the side of the antenna cover is connected to the main coverage antenna connecting line and the diversity antenna connecting line; the main coverage antenna connecting line is connected to the main antenna of the coverage antenna, and the diversity antenna connecting line is connected to the diversity antenna of the coverage antenna.

[0013] Furthermore, a well ring is installed on the wellhead below the well cover body, the shielding layer is connected to the copper mesh ring and is in contact with the well ring, and the well ring is connected to the well wall through expansion bolts.

[0014] Advantages and effects:

[0015] The present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. The present invention can cover the network signals of the three major operators;

[0017] 2. The coverage frequency band of the present invention is 2G to 5G;

[0018] 3. The present invention can be portable and cover the entire tunnel, and the manhole cover can be placed where the signal is weak;

[0019] 4. The present invention can achieve mobile signal coverage inside the tunnel in a low-cost manner;

[0020] 5. The coverage power and gain parameters of the present invention can be set as needed;

[0021] 6. The present invention can provide fast signal coverage for tunnels with complex geographical environments;

[0022] 7. The present invention can easily achieve coverage of other network frequency bands by changing the frequency band of the broadband amplifier. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the appearance structure of the present invention when the tunnel and the ground are flat;

[0025] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A top view of

[0026] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Bottom view of

[0027] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the cover structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a covering antenna of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of

[0030] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the antenna installation of the present invention when the tunnel is a deep well;

[0031] Figure 8 It is a principle block diagram of the broadband amplifier of the present invention.

[0032] Description of reference numerals:

[0033] 1. Manhole cover, 2. Omnidirectional coverage antenna, 3. Manhole cover column, 1-1 receiving antenna, 1-2. Bracket through-hole copper support, 1-3. Broadband amplifier, 1-4. Shielding layer connected to copper mesh ring, 1-5. Top shielding layer, 1-6. Bottom shielding layer, 1-7. Main antenna connection line, 1-8. Diversity antenna connection line, 1-9. Amplifier RF connector, 1-10. Power supply communication connector, 2-1. Antenna fixing screw, 2-2. Antenna RF connector, 2-3. Main coverage antenna connection line, 2-4. Diversity antenna connection line, 2-5. Coverage antenna, 2-6. Antenna cover, 2-7. Coverage antenna connection line, 4. Manhole ring, 4-1. Expansion Expansion bolts; 1-3-1 the first duplexer, 1-3-2 downstream low noise amplifier, 1-3-3 downstream filter, 1-3-4 downstream power amplifier, 1-3-5 the first power divider, 1-3-6 upstream low noise amplifier, 1-3-7 upstream filter, 1-3-8 upstream power amplifier, 1-3-9 core controller, 1-3-10 power supply and interface of the whole machine; 1-3-2-1 downstream low noise amplifier AGC gain control circuit, 1-3-4-1 downstream power amplifier ALC power control circuit, 1-3-6-1 upstream low noise amplifier AGC gain control circuit, 1-3-8-1 upstream power amplifier ALC power control circuit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0035] The present invention provides a tunnel signal coverage device based on a manhole cover, which is applied to the coverage of mobile 2G / 3G / 4G / 5G and other network signals in power tunnels or other underground tunnels, so that the underground tunnel corridor has a wireless mobile network. Now the network coverage of China Mobile, China Unicom and China Telecom is quite complete, and there are almost no uncovered areas in the city, and the power tunnel or communication tunnel is built underground in the city. The ground is fully covered by the signals of the three major operators of China Mobile, China Unicom and China Telecom. The present invention uses the manhole cover as a signal coverage device, and the receiving antenna is injection molded on the top of the manhole cover body to receive the network signals of the three major operators on the ground, and the broadband amplifier is fixedly injection molded in the middle of the manhole cover body to achieve the amplification of the network signals of the three major operators. The omnidirectional coverage antenna is installed and fixed at the bottom of the manhole cover or on the top of the tunnel to achieve the coverage of the network signals of the three major operators. When the personnel under the tunnel use the mobile phone, the sent signal is received by the omnidirectional coverage antenna and transmitted to the broadband amplifier for amplification, and then sent to the coverage receiving device of the three major operators through the receiving antenna, thereby achieving signal coverage in the tunnel. In order to achieve full coverage of the entire tunnel, the manhole cover can be placed at different locations according to the tunnel terrain structure to complete the full signal coverage of the entire tunnel.

[0036] Since the manhole covers used in power tunnels are generally two-layer, the first layer is a metal load-bearing manhole cover, and the second layer is a protective manhole cover. The protective manhole cover is generally made of resin or fiberglass. The manhole cover of the present invention integrates a power amplifier inside, and the manhole cover can be installed on the second layer, and the signal transmission can also be completed well. The present invention uses a bipolar omnidirectional antenna as the receiving antenna 1-1, and the receiving antenna 1-1 is encapsulated at the top of the manhole cover body 1 made of fiberglass or resin, so as to achieve high-quality signal transmission. The lower layer of the receiving antenna 1-1 uses a sieve-shaped circular mesh top shielding layer 1-5 densely woven with φ1.5MM copper wire, which can be used to isolate the signal emitted by the antenna from coupling to the broadband amplifier 1-3, improve the signal-to-noise ratio and prevent the amplifier from self-excitation. The receiving antenna 1-1 connects the RF cables of the diversity antenna connection line 1-8 and the main antenna connection line 1-7 to the broadband amplifier through the bracket through-hole copper support 1-2. The top shielding layer 1-5, the bottom shielding layer 1-6 and the shielding layer connecting copper mesh ring 1-4 are connected to form a sealed shielding chamber structure. The broadband amplifier 1-3 is fixed in this shielding chamber. The bottom wall of the broadband amplifier 1-3 is tightly fitted and fixed to the bottom shielding 1-6 for shielding and heat dissipation. The top shielding layer 1-5, the bottom shielding layer 1-6 and the shielding layer connecting copper mesh ring 1-4 are connected to form a sealed shielding chamber structure. This structure plays two roles. One is to improve the overall signal-to-noise ratio, prevent the coupling signal between the receiving antenna and the omnidirectional coverage antenna, and prevent the broadband amplifier 1-3 from self-excitation and burning. The second is to improve the reinforcement degree and load-bearing capacity of the entire manhole cover. It can be directly used for the outer manhole cover. According to this structural design, the resin or fiberglass manhole cover can easily achieve a load-bearing capacity of 5 to 10 tons.

[0037] The bottom of the shielding layer connected copper mesh ring 1-4 is exposed at the bottom of the manhole cover body 1, so that it can be in close contact with the manhole ring 4. The manhole ring 4 is fastened to the manhole wall by expansion bolts 4-1 to increase the shielding effect, avoid the omnidirectional coverage antenna signal feedback coupling to the receiving antenna end, improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the whole machine, protect the broadband amplifier, and avoid self-excitation.

[0038] The bottom of the broadband amplifier 1-3 is provided with an RF output connector 1-9 and a power supply communication connector 1-10 that penetrate the shielding compartment structure. The two connectors pass through the bottom shielding layer 1-6 and cross the bottom of the manhole cover body 1, which is convenient for users to connect and debug.

[0039] like Figure 4 and Figure 7 As shown, the omnidirectional coverage antenna 2 can be fixed on the bottom of the manhole cover 1, or it can be extended to the top of the tunnel through the RF connection line to fix the antenna on the top of the tunnel to achieve signal coverage. When the tunnel and the ground are flat, that is, the tunnel is close to the ground, the omnidirectional coverage antenna 2 can be fixed to the bottom of the manhole cover 1 through the antenna fixing screws 2-1 to achieve overall coverage. When the tunnel is a deep well and the tunnel is far from the ground, the omnidirectional coverage antenna 2 is installed at the top of the tunnel, and the omnidirectional coverage antenna 2 is connected to the RF output connector 1-9 through the RF connection line 2-7 to achieve signal coverage.

[0040] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the appearance structure of the present invention. The present invention designs a tunnel signal covering device based on a manhole cover.

[0041] The manhole cover body 1 has a broadband amplifier and other devices integrated therein, and the omnidirectional coverage antenna 2 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the manhole cover body 1. The omnidirectional coverage antenna 2 can also be separated from the manhole cover body 1 and installed at the top of the tunnel. The manhole cover column 3 is installed at the bottom of the manhole cover body 1. The present invention uses three to six manhole cover columns to protect the omnidirectional coverage antenna 2 and the radio frequency port. The shielding layer connecting copper mesh rings 1-4 are installed inside the manhole cover body 1 to play a shielding and conductive role.

[0042] like Figure 4The figure shows a schematic diagram of the cover structure of the present invention, which is also the main structure of the present invention. It includes a manhole cover 1, a receiving antenna 1-1, a bracket through-hole copper support 1-2, a broadband amplifier 1-3, a shielding layer connecting copper mesh ring 1-4, a top shielding layer 1-5, a bottom shielding layer 1-6, a main antenna connection line 1-7, a diversity antenna connection line 1-8, an amplifier RF connector 1-9, a power supply communication connector 1-10, an antenna fixing screw 2-1, an antenna RF connector 2-2, a main covering antenna connection line 2-3, a diversity antenna connection line 2-4, a covering antenna 2-5, an antenna cover 2-6, a covering antenna connection line 2-7, a manhole ring 4, an expansion bolt 4-1 and other parts.

[0043] The manhole cover body 1 is the main structure of the entire manhole cover, and its main components are all integrated inside the manhole cover body 1. The receiving antenna 1-1 is installed and injection-molded in the middle and upper part of the manhole cover body 1. Figure 4 As shown, it plays the role of receiving and sending signals. The receiving antenna 1-1 is fixed to the middle and upper part of the manhole cover body 1 by injection molding, which can achieve the purpose of low RF attenuation. The receiving antenna 1-1 is supported by the bracket through-hole copper support 1-2. The cables of the main antenna connection line 1-7 and the diversity antenna connection line 1-8 pass through the bracket through-hole copper support 1-2. At the same time, the bracket through-hole copper support 1-2 passes through the top shielding layer 1-5 and is fixed thereto, playing the role of threading and fixing.

[0044] The broadband amplifier 1-3 amplifies the radio frequency signal, and the broadband is 2G / 3G / 4G / 5G, etc. of the mobile signal. The broadband amplifier 1-3 is made of copper metal as a frame and is enclosed in the cabin, which further reduces self-excitation and improves the signal-to-noise ratio of the amplifier. The main antenna end of the receiving antenna 1-1 is connected to the main antenna connection line 1-7, and the other end of the main antenna connection line 1-7 is connected to the signal input end of the broadband amplifier 1-3 through the bracket through-hole copper support 1-2. The diversity antenna end of the receiving antenna 1-1 is connected to the diversity antenna connection line 1-8, and the other end of the diversity antenna connection line 1-8 is connected to the signal input end of the broadband amplifier 1-3 through the bracket through-hole copper support 1-2.

[0045] The shielding layer connecting copper mesh ring 1-4 plays a role in connecting the top shielding layer 1-5 and the bottom shielding layer 1-6. At the same time, when the manhole cover body 1 is installed at the wellhead, the shielding layer connecting copper mesh ring 1-4 is connected to or in close contact with the well ring 4. The well ring 4 is connected to the well wall, that is, the ground, through the expansion bolt 4-1, which plays a role in connecting the shielding signal to the ground. The shielding layer connecting copper mesh ring 1-4 and the top shielding layer 1-5 and the bottom shielding layer 1-6 form a shielding chamber. The broadband amplifier 1-3 is installed on the bottom shielding layer 1-6 in the shielding chamber and is tightly fixed to the bottom shielding layer 1-6, which plays a role in heat dissipation and shielding. The top shielding layer 1-5 can isolate the RF signal emitted by the receiving antenna 1-1 from coupling to the broadband amplifier 1-3, improve the signal-to-noise ratio and prevent the amplifier from self-excitation. The bottom shielding layer 1-6 can isolate the RF signal emitted by the covering antenna 2-5 from coupling to the broadband amplifier 1-3, improve the signal-to-noise ratio and prevent the amplifier from self-excitation. The top shielding layer 1-5 and the bottom shielding layer 1-6 use a screen-shaped circular mesh with densely woven φ1.5MM copper wires, while the shielding layer connecting copper ring 1-4 uses a ring with densely woven φ1.5MM copper wires. The outer circular edge of the top shielding layer 1-5 is connected to the upper end of the shielding layer connecting copper mesh ring 1-4, and the lower end of the shielding layer connecting copper mesh ring 1-4 is connected to the outer circle of the bottom shielding layer 1-6. The use of the woven screen can effectively allow the resin or fiberglass material to flow in and fill. At the same time, this structure plays two roles. One is to improve the overall signal-to-noise ratio, prevent the coupling signal between the receiving antenna 1-1 and the covering antenna 2-5 from being generated, and prevent the broadband amplifier 1-3 from being self-excited and burned. The second is to improve the reinforcement degree and load-bearing capacity of the entire manhole cover, which can be directly used for the outer manhole cover. This structural design of the resin or fiberglass manhole cover can easily achieve a load-bearing capacity of 5 to 10 tons. The RF output connector 1-9 is used for the RF signal output interface of the broadband amplifier 1-3. One end of the connector passes through the bottom shielding layer 1-6 and crosses the bottom end of the manhole cover body 1 to connect to the broadband amplifier 1-3, and the other end is exposed to the bottom surface of the manhole cover body 1, which is convenient for users to connect and debug, and can be connected to the covering antenna connection line 2-7. One end of the power supply communication connector 1-10 passes through the bottom shielding layer 1-6 and crosses the bottom end of the manhole cover body 1 to connect to the broadband amplifier 1-3, and the other end is exposed to the bottom surface of the manhole cover body 1, which is convenient for users to connect and debug.

[0046] like Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the antenna fixing screw 2-1 fixes the omnidirectional coverage antenna 2 to the bottom of the manhole cover 1 or the top of the tunnel. The antenna RF connector 2-2 is a RF signal transmission terminal, one end of which is fixed to the side end of the antenna cover 2-6, and the other end is connected to the RF output connector 1-9 through the covering antenna connecting line 2-7. The main covering antenna connecting line 2-3 realizes the connection from the covering antenna to the antenna RF connector 2-2, one end of which is connected to the main antenna of the covering antenna 2-5, and the other end is connected to the antenna RF connector 2-2. The main antenna and the diversity antenna are antennas with different polarizations, which can be arbitrarily connected to the two ports of the first power divider. The antenna is a circular structure with upper and lower layers. The upper circle is the main coverage antenna, and the lower circle is the diversity coverage antenna.

[0047] The diversity antenna connection line 2-4 realizes the connection between the coverage antenna and the antenna RF connector 2-2. One end of the diversity antenna is connected to the coverage antenna 2-5, and the other end is connected to the antenna RF connector 2-2. The coverage antenna 2-5 includes a main coverage antenna and a diversity coverage antenna. The antenna cover 2-6 fixes and protects the antenna, and also plays a role in installing and fixing the overall coverage antenna. The omnidirectional coverage antenna 2 is used for signal coverage and transmission inside the tunnel. It can be fixed at the bottom of the manhole cover or extended to the top of the tunnel through the equipment connection line to fix the antenna at the top of the tunnel to achieve signal coverage.

[0048] like Figure 4 As shown, when the tunnel and the ground are flat, that is, the tunnel is close to the ground, the omnidirectional coverage antenna 2 can be fixed to the bottom of the manhole cover body 1 by the antenna fixing screws 2-1 to achieve overall coverage.

[0049] like Figure 7 As shown, when the tunnel is a deep well and the tunnel is far from the ground, the coverage antenna 2 is installed at the top of the tunnel, and the coverage antenna 2 is connected to the RF output connector 1-9 through the RF connection line 2-7, thereby achieving signal coverage. The well ring 4 is used to fix and support the well cover, and at the same time contact the shielding layer connecting copper ring 1-4. The expansion screw 4-1 is used to fix the well ring 4 to the well wall and connect the shielding current of the well ring 4 and the shielding layer connecting copper ring 1-4 to the well wall, that is, the ground. It can effectively solve the problem of self-excitation burning of the broadband amplifier caused by the receiving antenna and the coverage antenna being too close and improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the overall amplification.

[0050] like Figure 5 , Figure 6As shown, the coverage antenna 2 is an omnidirectional antenna as a whole, which includes an antenna fixing screw 2-1, an antenna RF connector 2-2, a main coverage antenna connection line 2-3, a diversity antenna connection line 2-4, a coverage antenna 2-5, and an antenna cover 2-6. The antenna fixing screw 2-1 fixes the overall coverage antenna 2. The antenna RF connector 2-2 transmits and connects antenna signals. The main coverage antenna connection line 2-3 realizes the connection between the coverage antenna and the antenna RF connector 2-2. One end of the main coverage antenna connection line 2-3 is connected to the main antenna of the coverage antenna 2-5, and the other end is connected to the antenna RF connector 2-2. The diversity antenna connection line 2-4 realizes the connection between the coverage antenna and the antenna RF connector 2-2. One end of the main coverage antenna connection line 2-4 is connected to the diversity antenna of the coverage antenna 2-5, and the other end is connected to the antenna RF connector 2-2. The coverage antenna 2-5 is an omnidirectional antenna, which includes a main coverage antenna and a diversity coverage antenna. The diversity antenna can well make up for the insufficient coverage and the problem of antenna polarization angle, and improve the signal coverage quality. The semicircular antenna cover 2-6 fixes and protects the antenna and also plays a role in fixing the overall covering antenna. The covering antenna 2 can be installed at the bottom of the manhole cover 1 or placed on the top of the tunnel for covering through a radio frequency connection line.

[0051] like Figure 7 As shown, the manhole cover body 1 and the manhole ring 4 are installed at the wellhead, and the RF connection line is installed and fixed along the wellhead until it is connected to the covering antenna 2. The RF cable arrangement is as follows Figure 7 Lay along the well wall surface.

[0052] like Figure 8The figure shows the principle block diagram of the broadband amplifier of the present invention. The broadband amplifiers 1-3 are entirely made of copper metal as the frame and the cabin is sealed, which further reduces the self-excitation and improves the signal-to-noise ratio of the amplifier. The broadband amplifier 1-3 includes a receiving antenna 1-1, a main antenna connection line 1-7, a diversity antenna connection line 1-8, a first power divider 1-3-5, a first duplexer 1-3-1, a downlink low noise amplifier 1-3-2, a downlink filter 1-3-3, a downlink power amplifier 1-3-4, an uplink low noise amplifier 1-3-6, an uplink filter 1-3-7, an uplink power amplifier 1-3-8, a downlink low noise amplifier AGC gain control circuit 1-3-2-1, a downlink power amplifier ALC power control circuit 1-3-4-1, an uplink low noise amplifier AGC gain control circuit 1-3-6-1, an uplink power amplifier ALC power control circuit 1-3-8-1, a main coverage antenna connection line 2-3, a diversity antenna connection line 2-4, a coverage antenna 2-5, a core controller 1-3-9, a power supply and interface circuit 1-3-10 and other parts. The first power divider 1-3-5 and the first duplexer 1-3-1 are devices with the same functions. The receiving antenna 1-1 completes the transmission and reception of signals. The main receiving antenna and the diversity receiving antenna are integrated inside. The main antenna of the receiving antenna 1-1 is connected to the first receiving end of the first power divider 1-3-5 through the main antenna connection line 1-7, and the diversity antenna 1-1 of the receiving antenna is connected to the second receiving end of the first power divider 1-3-5 through the diversity antenna connection line 1-8. The first power divider 1-3-5 completes the signal distribution function. The first receiving end is connected to the 1-7 main antenna connection line, the second receiving end is connected to the 1-8 diversity antenna connection line, and the output end is connected to the first duplexer 1-3-1. The first duplexer 1-3-1 completes the separation of the uplink and downlink communication frequency signals of the radio frequency signal. Its uplink interface is connected to the output end of the uplink power amplifier 1-3-8, its downlink interface is connected to the input end of the downlink low noise amplifier 1-3-2, and its common port is connected to one end of the first power divider 1-3-5. The downlink low noise amplifier 1-3-2 amplifies the downlink signal received by the receiving antenna 1-1. Its input end is connected to the downlink output end of the first duplexer 1-3-1, and the other end is connected to the input end of the downlink filter 1-3-3. The downlink filter 1-3-3 performs broadband filtering on the downlink signal according to the communication frequency band, filters out useless signals, and improves the signal-to-noise ratio. One end is connected to the output end of the downlink low noise amplifier 1-3-2, and the other end is connected to the input end of the downlink power amplifier 1-3-4. The downlink power amplifier 1-3-4 amplifies the output power of the downlink signal output by the downlink filter 1-3-3 to increase the coverage area. The second duplexer 1-3-11 couples the downlink signal and the uplink signal to the output port. This part is the downlink signal coupling, and the transmission is connected to the second power divider 1-3-12.The second power divider 1-3-12 combines the uplink and downlink signals and divides the power equally. One end is connected to the second duplexer 1-3-11, the other end is connected to the main coverage antenna connection line 2-3, and the other end is connected to the diversity antenna connection line 2-4. The two RF connection lines are respectively connected to the coverage antenna 2-5 to achieve downlink coverage of the signal.

[0053] The uplink signal is connected to the second power divider 1-3-12 through the coverage antenna 2-5, the main coverage antenna connection line 2-3 and the diversity antenna connection line 2-4 RF connection line. The other end of the second power divider 1-3-12 is connected to the common port of the second duplexer 1-3-11. The uplink interface of the second duplexer 1-3-11 outputs the uplink signal, which is connected to the input end of the uplink low noise amplifier 1-3-6 for signal amplification. The uplink low noise amplifier 1-3-6 performs gain amplification on the uplink signal received by the coverage antenna 2-5. One end of the uplink low noise amplifier 1-3-6 is connected to the uplink output interface of the second duplexer 1-3-11, and the other end is connected to the input end of the uplink filter 1-3-7. The uplink filter 1-3-7 performs broadband filtering on the uplink signal according to the communication frequency band, filters out useless signals, and improves the signal-to-noise ratio. One end of the uplink low noise amplifier 1-3-6 is connected to the output end of the uplink low noise amplifier 1-3-6, and the other end is connected to the input end of the uplink power amplifier 1-3-8. The uplink power amplifier 1-3-8 amplifies the output power of the uplink signal output by the uplink filter 1-3-7 to increase the transmission distance. One end of the amplifier is connected to the output end of the uplink filter 1-3-7, and the other end is connected to the uplink input interface of the first duplexer 1-3-1. The first duplexer 1-3-1 combines the uplink and downlink signals, transmits them to the first power divider 1-3-5, and then transmits them to the receiving antenna 1-1 through the main antenna connection line 1-7 and the diversity antenna connection line 1-8 RF cables to transmit the uplink signal.

[0054] The core controller 1-3-9 is used to control the gain and power adjustment of the uplink and downlink to achieve a balance between the coverage signal. The downlink low noise amplifier AGC gain control circuit 1-3-2-1 is used to control the amplification output gain of the downlink low noise amplifier. The downlink power amplifier ALC power control circuit 1-3-4-1 is used to control the output power of the downlink power amplifier. The uplink low noise amplifier AGC gain control circuit 1-3-6-1 is used to control the amplification output gain of the uplink low noise amplifier. The uplink power amplifier ALC power control circuit 1-3-8-1 is used to control the output power of the uplink power amplifier. The power supply and interface 1-3-10 of the whole machine realizes the power supply and configuration of the whole machine. The core controller 1-3-9 is configured through the interface circuit to adjust the power and gain of the uplink and downlink to balance the coverage signal with the uplink signal. Among them, one end of the downlink low noise amplifier AGC gain control circuit 1-3-2-1 is connected to the downlink low noise amplifier 1-3-2, and the other end is connected to the core controller 1-3-9, which is convenient for controlling the gain amplification of the downlink signal. One end of the downlink power amplifier ALC power control circuit 1-3-4-1 is connected to the downlink power amplifier 1-3-4, and the other end is connected to the core controller 1-3-9, so as to control the power control of the downlink signal. One end of the uplink low noise amplifier AGC gain control circuit 1-3-6-1 is connected to the uplink low noise amplifier 1-3-6, and the other end is connected to the core controller 1-3-9, so as to control the gain amplification of the uplink signal. One end of the uplink power amplifier ALC power control circuit 1-3-8-1 is connected to the uplink power amplifier 1-3-8, and the other end is connected to the core controller 1-3-9, so as to control the power control of the uplink signal.

Claims

1. A signal coverage device in a tunnel based on a manhole cover, characterized in that: A plurality of manhole cover columns (3) are evenly arranged in a circumferential direction below the manhole cover body (1); a broadband amplifier (1-3) is arranged inside the manhole cover body (1); one end of the broadband amplifier (1-3) is connected to the receiving antenna (1-1), and the other end of the broadband amplifier (1-3) is respectively connected to a radio frequency output connector (1-9) and a power supply communication connector (1-10); the radio frequency output connector (1-9) is connected to an omnidirectional coverage antenna (2) arranged on the bottom surface of the manhole cover body (1) or on the top of the tunnel; A receiving antenna (1-1) is provided inside the manhole cover body (1), and the receiving antenna (1-1) connects a main antenna connection line (1-7) and a diversity antenna connection line (1-8) to a broadband amplifier (1-3) through a bracket through-hole copper support (1-2); a top shielding layer (1-5), a bottom shielding layer (1-6), and shielding layer connecting copper mesh rings (1-4) arranged on both sides are connected to form a sealed shielding cabin structure, and the broadband amplifier (1-3) is fixed in the shielding cabin structure; the bottom end of the broadband amplifier (1-3) is respectively connected to a radio frequency output connector (1-9) and a power supply communication connector (1-10); The top shielding layer (1-5) and the bottom shielding layer (1-6) use a screen-shaped circular mesh with densely woven φ1.5MM copper wires, and the shielding layer connecting copper mesh ring (1-4) uses a ring with densely woven φ1.5MM copper wires. The outer circular edge of the top shielding layer (1-5) is connected to the upper end of the shielding layer connecting copper mesh ring (1-4), and the lower end of the shielding layer connecting copper mesh ring (1-4) is connected to the outer circle of the bottom shielding layer (1-6). The use of the woven screen can effectively allow the resin or fiberglass material to flow in for filling; The omnidirectional coverage antenna (2) is an omnidirectional antenna as a whole, and includes an antenna fixing screw (2-1), an antenna RF connector (2-2), a main coverage antenna connection line (2-3), a diversity antenna connection line (2-4), a coverage antenna (2-5), and an antenna cover (2-6); the omnidirectional coverage antenna (2) is mounted at the bottom of the manhole cover (1) or the top of the tunnel through the antenna fixing screw (2-1); the amplifier RF connector (1-9) is connected to one end of the antenna RF connector (2-2) through the coverage antenna connection line (2-7), and the other end of the antenna RF connector (2-2) fixed on the side of the antenna cover (2-6) is connected to the main coverage antenna connection line (2-3) and the diversity antenna connection line (2-4); the main coverage antenna connection line (2-3) is connected to the main antenna of the coverage antenna (2-5), and the diversity antenna connection line (2-4) is connected to the diversity antenna of the coverage antenna (2-5); The wire cover body (2-6) is in a semicircular arc shape.

2. The signal covering device in a tunnel based on a manhole cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: The receiving antenna (1-1) is connected to one end of the first power divider (1-3-5) through a main antenna connection line (1-7), the diversity antenna of the receiving antenna (1-1) is connected to the second end of the first power divider (1-3-5) through a diversity antenna connection line (1-8), and the output end of the first power divider (1-3-5) is connected to the first duplexer (1-3-1); the uplink interface of the first duplexer (1-3-1) is connected to the output end of the uplink power amplifier (1-3-8), the downlink interface of the first duplexer (1-3-1) is connected to the input end of the downlink low noise amplifier (1-3-2), and the common port is connected to the output end of the first power divider (1-3-5); the input end of the downlink low noise amplifier (1-3-2) is connected to the downlink output end of the first duplexer (1-3-1), and the output end of the downlink low noise amplifier (1-3-2) is connected to the downlink output end of the first duplexer (1-3-1). The downlink filter (1-3-3) is connected to the input end of the downlink filter (1-3-3) and the downlink low noise amplifier AGC gain control circuit (1-3-2-1); the output end of the downlink filter (1-3-3) is connected to the input end of the downlink power amplifier (1-3-4); the output end of the downlink power amplifier (1-3-4) is respectively connected to the second duplexer (1-3-11) and the downlink power amplifier ALC power control circuit (1-3-4-1); the second duplexer (1-3-11) is connected to the input end of the second power divider (1-3-12); the output end of the second power divider (1-3-12) is respectively connected to the main coverage antenna connection line (2-3) and the diversity antenna connection line (2-4); the main coverage antenna connection line (2-3) and the diversity antenna connection line (2-4) are respectively connected to the coverage antenna (2-5), so as to realize the downlink coverage of the signal.

3. The signal covering device in a tunnel based on a manhole cover according to claim 2, characterized in that: The uplink signal is connected to the second power divider (1-3-12) through the coverage antenna (2-5) via the main coverage antenna connection line (2-3) and the diversity antenna connection line (2-4); the second power divider (1-3-12) is connected to the common port of the second duplexer (1-3-11); the uplink interface of the second duplexer (1-3-11) outputs the uplink signal and connects it to the input end of the uplink low noise amplifier (1-3-6) for signal amplification; the output end of the uplink low noise amplifier (1-3-6) is connected to the input end of the uplink filter (1-3-7); the uplink The output end of the filter (1-3-7) is connected to the input end of the uplink power amplifier (1-3-8); the output end of the uplink power amplifier (1-3-8) is respectively connected to the uplink input interface of the first duplexer (1-3-1) and the uplink power amplifier ALC power control circuit (1-3-8-1); the first duplexer (1-3-1) combines the uplink and downlink signals, transmits them to the first power divider (1-3-5), and then transmits them to the receiving antenna (1-1) through the main antenna connection line (1-7) and the diversity antenna connection line (1-8) to transmit the uplink signal.

4. The signal covering device in a tunnel based on a manhole cover according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The core controller (1-3-9) for controlling the gain and power adjustment of the upstream and downstream is respectively connected to the downstream low noise amplifier AGC gain control circuit (1-3-2-1), the upstream power amplifier ALC power control circuit (1-3-8-1), the downstream power amplifier ALC power control circuit (1-3-4-1), and the upstream low noise amplifier AGC gain control circuit (1-3-6-1); the power supply and interface (1-3-10) of the whole machine configure the core controller (1-3-9) through the interface circuit.

5. The signal covering device in a tunnel based on a manhole cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: A well ring (4) is installed on the wellhead below the well cover body (1); the shielding layer connecting copper mesh ring (1-4) is in contact with the well ring (4); and the well ring (4) is connected to the well wall via expansion bolts (4-1).

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