Portable cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device with deep rate detection function and compression displacement detection method

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of portable cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device with depth rate detection function and pressing displacement detection method, it includes upper end component and lower end component, elastic member is equipped between upper end component and lower end component, any one of upper end component and lower end component is equipped with detection device for detecting displacement, the other is equipped with scale matched with the detection device, at least two optocoupler sensors are equipped in the detection device, two optocouplers are coaxial or are set to face each other with staggered arrangement on the two sides of scale up and down, black and white mark is arranged on the scale, the vertical spacing of two optocoupler sensors is less than the width of black (transparent) mark of scale.The present application is simple in structure, small in size, can display two indexes most needed to master in CPR training in real time: rate and depth;The most basic requirement of CPR training of society public is to require trainee to be " in the process of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, rescuer should carry out effective pressing with appropriate rate and depth ".

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a portable cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) trainer with depth and rate detection function and a compression displacement detection method, particularly a portable CPR trainer that can display compression effects in real time and is designed to widely train non-professionals so that they can correctly master the basic requirements of CPR. Background Technology

[0002] Since the first International Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) and Emergency Cardiovascular Care (2000) were issued in 2000, global experts have revised the guidelines every five years. The latest "2015 Guidelines" further emphasize high-quality chest compressions, mainly by maintaining the intensity of the 2010 guidelines and having range control requirements: (1) Compression rate: the 2010 guidelines strengthened it to at least 100 compressions / minute, while the 2015 guidelines require 100-120 compressions / minute; (2) Compression depth: the 2010 guidelines strengthened it to at least 5 cm, while the 2015 guidelines specify 5-6 cm; in addition, modifications to the procedure have advanced chest compressions by 5-10 seconds and increased the ratio of chest compressions to artificial ventilation. Given that each revision of the guidelines has strengthened chest compressions and their quality, there is an urgent need for a CPR training device that enables trainees to clearly understand and master the key techniques of CPR for non-professionals.

[0003] Currently, there are many types and varieties of CPR training products from domestic and foreign manufacturers on the market. However, resuscitation trainers that can detect the range of compression depth and compression rate are often expensive, bulky, and have many auxiliary devices, making them inconvenient to carry. On the other hand, resuscitation trainers that are reasonably priced and easy to take to communities and primary and secondary schools for promotion and training are often too simple in function, with only one compression function and no range indication for depth control. The compression rate can only be measured by manual counting and timing or by simple on-site prompts from instructors, which makes it impossible for each trainee to practice effectively and repeatedly on their own after training.

[0004] Effective chest compressions require rigorous training to master. Statistical data shows that as the compression rate increases, the number of ineffective compressions (too fast or too slow, too deep or too shallow) increases significantly. Therefore, a portable CPR trainer is needed that can detect and record the depth of each compression while displaying both real-time and average compression rates. This helps trainees correctly control depth and rate during training, allows for post-training review and analysis of the day's progress, and enables future comparisons of previous results, thus facilitating improvement, consolidation, and enhancement of training. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a portable cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) trainer with depth and rate detection capabilities and a method for detecting compression displacement.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A portable cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) trainer with depth and velocity detection function includes an upper part and a lower part that can move in opposite directions. An elastic element is provided between the upper and lower parts. Either the upper or lower part is provided with a detection device for detecting displacement, and the other part is provided with a scale adapted to the detection device. The detection device is provided with at least two optical couplers. The two optical couplers are coaxial vertically or staggered vertically on both sides of the scale and face each other. The scale is provided with black and white marks spaced apart. The vertical distance between the two optical couplers is less than the minimum width of the black and white marks on the scale.

[0007] The detection device is provided with an axially arranged insertion port, and at least two optical couplers are axially arranged along the direction of the insertion port. The two optical couplers are coaxially arranged vertically or staggered on both sides of the scale and facing each other.

[0008] The scale is a Type I scale. The bottom of the Type I scale is provided with an initial mark. The upper end of the Type I scale is provided with at least two black marks, and the distance between the two black marks is equal to the width of the black marks. The width of the initial mark is greater than the vertical distance between the two optocouplers. Its initial state is that the initial mark can be located in the optical path of any one optocoupler sensor or simultaneously in the optical path of two optocoupler sensors.

[0009] The width of the initial mark in the direction of scale movement is greater than the vertical distance between the two optocoupler sensors.

[0010] The distance from the top line of the black mark located on the lower side to the top line of the initial mark is 40mm.

[0011] The scale is a Type II scale, and the width of both the black and transparent marks on the Type II scale is 1.5-2.5 mm. The vertical distance between the two optical couplers is 1 mm.

[0012] A method for detecting compression displacement based on the aforementioned portable cardiopulmonary resuscitation trainer with depth and rate detection function, characterized in that it includes the following methods: 1. Determine whether the trainer is in a pressed or released state by judging the order in which the upper and lower optical couplers are triggered by the initial mark or the black mark; 2. By recording the interval between the upper or lower optocoupler sensor being triggered sequentially by the initial mark and the lower black mark, the pressing time or rebound time is obtained, and the pressing depth is obtained based on the distance between the lower black mark and the initial mark. 3. The switching between pressing and releasing is determined by the sequential change of the upper optocoupler sensor or the lower optocoupler sensor or the simultaneous triggering of different markers; Fourth, the press-hold time or release interval time can be obtained by recording the trigger time of each optocoupler sensor.

[0013] A method for detecting compression displacement based on the aforementioned portable cardiopulmonary resuscitation trainer with depth and rate detection function, wherein the relationship between the upper and lower optical couplers and the black and white markers includes the following states: a. Both the upper and lower optical couplers are located at the transparent marker n; b. The upper optocoupler sensor is located at the black mark n+1, and the lower optocoupler sensor is located at the transparent mark n; c. Both the upper and lower optocoupler sensors are located at the black mark n+1; d. The upper optocoupler sensor is located at the transparent mark n+2, and the lower optocoupler sensor is located at the black mark n; By judging the continuous changes of any two adjacent states among a, b, c, and d, the direction and distance of the instantaneous movement of the ruler, i.e., displacement, are obtained. At the same time, time and displacement are recorded to obtain a two-dimensional data sequence of pressing motion and generate pressing waveform. Data for pressing training is obtained through waveform analysis.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. Simple structure and small size, it can display the two most important indicators in CPR training in real time: rate and depth; the most basic requirement for CPR training for the general public is that trainees should be able to "perform effective compressions at an appropriate rate (100-120 times per minute) and depth during cardiopulmonary resuscitation".

[0015] 2. It is portable and has the functions of a high-end professional CPR trainer. It can provide real-time feedback to the trainee on the compression rate and depth, and can review the data of each compression action after a compression cycle to analyze the time and cause of ineffective compressions. With the APP software, it can record all the trainee's operation records and waveforms in the growth process, which is conducive to the trainee's review and consolidation of training skills.

[0016] 3. The circuit design is simple, reducing hardware costs and installation, debugging and maintenance costs. It is more convenient to use and carry, and more easily accepted by the general public. It overcomes the drawback that only professional institutions and colleges and universities have the ability to use CPR model training, which is conducive to the popularization of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) throughout the country, enabling more cardiac arrest patients to receive first-time out-of-hospital rescue, thereby improving the success rate of patient rescue. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the Type I scale of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the Type II scale of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the error between the Type I scale and the optical coupler of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 , 6 Figures 7 and 8 are schematic diagrams showing the state between the Type I scale and the optocoupler of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the state between the Type II scale and the optocoupler of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] This invention provides a portable cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) trainer with depth and velocity detection capabilities. It includes an upper component 1 and a lower component 2 that can move in opposite directions. The bottom of the upper component has a cylinder, and the bottom of the lower component has a cylindrical section. The cylinder is inserted into the cylindrical section, with the cylinder of the upper component being 9cm long and the cylindrical section of the lower component being 9cm high. The outer diameter of the cylindrical section differs from the inner diameter of the spring by less than 5mm. The cylinder of the upper component has a protrusion, and the cylindrical section of the lower component has a groove. The cylinder of the upper component is inserted into the cylindrical section, and the width difference between the protrusion and the groove is 0.5mm. The inner diameter of the spring is between 4 and 6cm.

[0025] An elastic element, a spring, is provided between the upper and lower components. The spring is 15cm high and has an elastic coefficient of 1kg / mm. The spring is sleeved on the outside of the cylinder of the lower component. Either the upper or lower component is provided with a detection device 3 for detecting displacement, and the other is provided with a scale 5 adapted to the detection device. The detection device is provided with at least two optical couplers 4. The two optical couplers 4 are coaxial vertically or staggered vertically on both sides of the scale and face each other. The scale is provided with black and white alternating marks. The vertical distance between the two optical couplers is less than the minimum width of the black and white marks on the scale.

[0026] This optocoupler sensor is a slot-type optocoupler, consisting of a slot-type optocoupler and a scale to form a displacement sensor. The two optocouplers can be installed on one or both sides of the scale. The key to installation is the vertical spacing between the two optocouplers, which varies depending on the scale used. The vertical spacing between the two optocouplers is less than the minimum width of the black and white markings on the scale. The slot plane of the slot-type optocoupler is perpendicular to the scale, and the central axis of the scale is parallel to the spring axis.

[0027] The detection device is provided with an axially arranged insertion port, and at least two optical couplers are axially arranged along the direction of the insertion port. The two optical couplers are coaxially arranged vertically or staggered on both sides of the scale and facing each other.

[0028] The bottom of the scale is provided with an initial mark, and the upper end of the scale is provided with at least two black marks, and the distance between the two black marks is equal to the width of the black marks. The width of the initial mark must be sufficient to block the optical path of two optical couplers at the same time.

[0029] The scale is fixed to the upper part and can be disassembled and replaced with other scale types as needed.

[0030] Example 1 The Type I scale has three markings: an initial mark, mark 1, and mark 2. Mark 1 and mark 2 are black, while the area between them is transparent. The width of the initial mark, mark 1, and mark 2 is between 6 and 10 mm, typically 8 mm. This ensures that the maximum error in depth detection does not exceed 6 mm. If the initial mark is too narrow, the triggering relationship between the optical coupler and the mark becomes ambiguous, complicating the program's design process and hindering program debugging; if the initial mark is too wide, it will affect the accuracy of depth detection.

[0031] Mark 2 serves as the standard for pressure applied to children, while mark 1 serves as the standard for pressure applied to adults.

[0032] The two pairs of optical couplers in the detection device are connected to the microcontroller system and are installed coaxially or staggered on both sides of the scale. For type I scales, the vertical distance between the two optical couplers is less than or equal to 6 mm.

[0033] The distance between the lower optocoupler and the lower component plate should be greater than 6cm. A scale is installed below the upper component plate. Adjust the scale's vertical position so that the starting mark on the Type I scale blocks either or both optocouplers simultaneously. This allows the microcontroller program to detect whether the pressing depth reaches 5cm, is between 5 and 6cm, or exceeds 6cm, with an accuracy of no more than 6mm. The microcontroller program can detect different pressure depths of about 4cm, 5cm, and 5-6cm, and display the corresponding results on an external display or on a mobile device.

[0034] Based on the Type I scale, it has the following states: 0 (X), the upper optical coupler, and the lower optical coupler are all below the initial marker; A(W), the upper optocoupler is triggered by the initial flag, and the lower optocoupler is located below the initial flag; B(V), the upper and lower optocouplers are all triggered by the initial flag; C(U), the upper optocoupler is located above the initial flag, and the lower optocoupler is triggered by the initial flag; D(T), the upper and lower optocouplers are between flag 2 and the initial flag, and neither the upper nor lower optocouplers are triggered; E(S), the upper optocoupler is triggered by flag 2, and the lower optocoupler is located below flag 2; F(R), both the upper and lower optocouplers are triggered by flag 2; G(Q), the lower optocoupler is triggered by flag 2, and the upper optocoupler is located above flag 2; H(P), the upper and lower optocouplers are located between flag 1 and flag 2, and neither the upper nor lower optocouplers are triggered; I(O), the upper optocoupler is triggered by flag 1, and the lower optocoupler is located below flag 1; J(N), the upper and lower optocouplers are all triggered by flag 1; K(M), the lower optocoupler is triggered by flag 1, and the upper optocoupler is located above flag 1; The L, upper, and lower optocouplers are all located above flag 1, and none of them are triggered.

[0035] This invention discloses a method for detecting compression displacement based on the aforementioned portable cardiopulmonary resuscitation trainer with depth and rate detection function, which includes the following steps: 1. Determine whether the current trainer is in a pressed or released state by judging the order in which the upper and lower optocoupler sensors are triggered by the initial flag or flags 1 and 2. 2. By recording the interval between the upper or lower optocoupler sensor being triggered sequentially by the initial mark and the lower black mark, the pressing time or rebound time is obtained, and the pressing depth is obtained based on the distance between the lower black mark and the initial mark. 3. The switching between pressing and releasing is determined by the sequential changes in the trigger states of the upper or lower optocoupler sensor and different flags. Fourth, the press-hold time or release interval time can be obtained by recording the trigger time of each optocoupler sensor.

[0036] When stationary, the possible states are A, B, or C, all of which are permissible starting positions. If a transition occurs from A to B, B to C, or C to D, it indicates that the current movement state is downward pressure. State 0 (X) is not an initial state; it is an overshoot state caused by the elastic force during release, transitioning from state A (W). Timing for one press begins from state C. When the movement state sequentially passes through D, E, F, G, and reaches state H, it indicates that the pressing depth has reached 4cm, and the "Child OK" flag is set. Subsequently, upon reaching state J after passing through state I, the "Adult OK" and "Child Too Strong" flags are set. Upon entering state K, the "Adult Slightly Strong" and "Child Too Strong" flags are recorded. Upon entering state L, the "Adult Too Strong" and "Child Too Strong" flags are set.

[0037] The transition from state L to state M(K) indicates a stop in pressing and the start of release. The pressing time is recorded, and the release timing begins. Then, the sequence from state M to states N(J), O(I), P(H), Q(G), R(F), S(E), and T(D) follows in reverse order, indicating a downward trend. It's crucial to note that pressing and release can occur at any state before L. Therefore, if a return to a previous state is detected, it indicates a stop in pressing and the start of release; the pressing time is recorded, and the release timing begins. When a forward sequence change is detected, a new pressing cycle begins. The release time is recorded, the pressing timing begins, and the number of presses is counted. The instantaneous pressing rate is calculated, and the average pressing rate is obtained by counting the number of presses and pressing time. The pressing time, holding time, rebound time, and release interval are recorded for each pressing cycle.

[0038] When displaying and outputting data, the controller outputs different flags depending on the CPR training mode, and also outputs various press data: number of presses, press time, instantaneous rate, average rate, and depth status.

[0039] Example 2 The Type II scale consists of uniform black and white stripes, with the width of the stripes ranging from 1.5 to 2.5 mm, typically 2 mm. Combined with the 1 mm vertical spacing of the optical couplers, this allows for a minimum displacement resolution of 1 mm while ensuring that the maximum error in depth detection does not exceed 1 mm.

[0040] The two pairs of optical couplers in the detection device are connected to the microcontroller system and are installed coaxially or staggered on both sides of the scale. For type II scales, the vertical spacing is less than or equal to 1 mm.

[0041] When using a Type II scale, the vertical distance between the two optocouplers must be less than the minimum width of the black and white stripes on the Type II scale when designing the hardware circuit. Generally, the black and white stripes are of equal width (2mm), and the vertical distance between the two optocouplers is 1mm. Therefore, by continuously reading the state of the two optocouplers through the microprocessor, the direction of movement and relative displacement of the scale can be determined. By integrating the relative displacement, the cumulative displacement of the scale can be obtained. At the same time, the displacement and time are continuously recorded to obtain the displacement-time trajectory of the press and analyze the corresponding data (number of presses, press time, instantaneous rate, average rate). The effective number of presses can be obtained through program design.

[0042] Based on a Type II scale, this invention discloses a method for detecting compression displacement using a portable cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) trainer with depth and rate detection function, comprising the following states: a(00), both the upper and lower optical couplers are located at the transparent marker n; b(01), the upper optocoupler sensor is triggered by the black mark n+1, and the lower optocoupler sensor is located at the transparent mark n; c(02), both the upper and lower optical couplers are triggered by the black marker n+1; d(03) The upper optical coupler sensor is located at the transparent mark n+2, and the lower optical coupler sensor is triggered by the black mark n+1; By judging the sequential or reverse changes between any two adjacent states a, b, c, and d, the instantaneous displacement is obtained, and the time and displacement are recorded simultaneously to obtain a two-dimensional data sequence of the pressing motion. The pressing waveform is then generated, and the pressing data is obtained based on the waveform.

[0043] The microprocessor captures the rising and falling edges of the optocoupler's output signal, detecting four changes: "State 00" → "State 01", "State 01" → "State 02", "State 02" → "State 03", and "State 03" → "State 00". These indicate a downward press with a displacement of 1 mm. Similarly, detecting four changes: "State 00" → "State 03", "State 03" → "State 02", "State 02" → "State 01", and "State 01" → "State 00" indicates an upward movement of the upper component with a displacement of 1 mm. Each detected change is integrated to obtain the instantaneous displacement, and both time and displacement are recorded. This results in a two-dimensional data sequence that identifies the pressing motion, which can be displayed as a waveform on a graphic display.

[0044] Using a general real-time peak detection algorithm, the instantaneous frequency and depth of each press are obtained to determine the press quality, while the average rate and the percentage of effective presses are calculated.

[0045] The embodiments should not be regarded as limitations on the present invention, but any improvements made based on the spirit of the present invention should be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for detecting compression displacement based on a portable cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) trainer with depth and rate detection function, characterized in that: The portable cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) trainer with depth and velocity detection includes an upper component and a lower component that can move in opposite directions. An elastic element is provided between the upper and lower components. The lower component has a detection device for detecting displacement, and the upper component has a scale adapted to the detection device. The detection device has an axially oriented insertion port, and at least two optical couplers are axially arranged along the insertion port. The two optical couplers are either coaxially aligned vertically or staggered vertically on both sides of the scale and facing each other. The scale is a Type I scale. The bottom of the Type I scale has a starting mark, and the upper end of the Type I scale has at least two black marks. The distance between the two black marks is equal to the width of the black marks, and the distance between the two black marks is greater than the vertical distance between the two optocouplers. The initial state of the starting mark can be in a position that blocks either one optocoupler sensor or neither optocoupler is blocked. The pressure displacement detection method includes the following:

1. Determine whether the trainer is in a pressed or released state by judging the order in which the upper and lower optocoupler sensors are triggered by the start mark and other black marks.

2. By recording the interval between the upper optical coupler sensor or the lower optical coupler sensor being triggered sequentially by the starting mark and the lower black detection mark during the downward pressing of the scale, the pressing time is obtained; by recording the interval between the upper optical coupler sensor or the lower optical coupler sensor being triggered sequentially by the lower black detection mark and the starting mark during the upward rebound of the scale, the rebound time is obtained; and the pressing depth is obtained based on the distance between the starting mark and each black mark.

3. Based on the forward or reverse change of the state combination triggered by the start mark and the black mark of the upper optocoupler sensor or the lower optocoupler sensor, determine whether the current process is pressing or releasing, and identify the switch between pressing and releasing actions. Fourth, by recording the different trigger times of each optocoupler sensor, the pressing time or rebound time is obtained, and the instantaneous pressing rate is calculated.

2. The compression displacement detection method based on a portable cardiopulmonary resuscitation trainer with depth and rate detection function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance from the top line of the black mark located on the lower side to the top line of the starting mark is 40mm.

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