battery

Abstract

This invention relates to batteries. A battery includes: first and second battery terminals configured to be in electrical communication with a load; a battery housing having first and second ends and a chamber disposed therein; a first component, a second component, and at least one barrier disposed in the chamber in a first configuration, the barrier restricting the interaction of the first component and the second component to provide an electrolyte within the chamber, the electrolyte being adapted for operation of the battery to power a load in electrical communication with the first and second battery terminals; and thereby, in response to a force applied to a portion of the battery, the barrier is configured to be arranged from the first configuration to a second configuration such that the first component and the second component can interact with each other within the chamber to provide the electrolyte adapted for operation of the battery to power a load.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of batteries. Background Technology

[0002] During storage, the performance of typical off-the-shelf AA and AAA batteries tends to deteriorate over time. This can pose serious problems in situations where battery performance reliability is critical—for example, in emergency situations where batteries are needed to power flashlights, radios, mobile phones, or other potentially life-saving electronic devices.

[0003] To address this issue, water-activated batteries have been developed that can be stored for a relatively long time in an inactive state (i.e., before water has been mixed with the electrolyte powder mixture within the battery to activate the electrolyte powder mixture) without significantly reducing battery performance when subsequently activated by adding water.

[0004] However, it is believed that some existing water-activated batteries are inadequate in their electrolyte storage capacity, the mixing efficiency of water with the electrolyte in the battery chamber, and the ability to maintain electrical connectivity between internal battery components over time, all of which ultimately impair the performance of such batteries. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention seeks to mitigate at least one of the problems discussed above regarding the prior art.

[0006] This invention can include several broad forms. Embodiments of this invention can include one or any combination of the different broad forms described herein.

[0007] In a broad form, the present invention provides a battery comprising: first and second battery terminals configured to be in electrical communication with a load; a battery housing having first and second ends and a chamber disposed therein; a first component, a second component, and at least one barrier disposed in the chamber in a first configuration, the barrier restricting the interaction of the first component and the second component to provide an electrolyte within the chamber, the electrolyte being adapted for operation of the battery to supply power to a load in electrical communication with the first and second battery terminals; and thereby, in response to a force applied to a portion of the battery, the barrier is configured to be arranged from the first configuration to a second configuration such that the first component and the second component can interact with each other to provide an electrolyte within the chamber, the electrolyte being adapted for operation of the battery to supply power to a load.

[0008] Preferably, the first component may include metal oxide powder.

[0009] Preferably, the second component may include at least one of potassium hydroxide solution, zinc chloride solution, and water.

[0010] Preferably, the chamber may include first and second compartments configured to contain first and second components, respectively, and wherein the barrier includes a wall separating the first and second compartments.

[0011] Preferably, the force applied to a portion of the battery to configure the battery from a first configuration to a second configuration may include at least one of the following:

[0012] (a) Rotate the first part of the battery housing relative to the second part of the battery housing;

[0013] (b) Slide the first portion of the battery housing relative to the second portion of the battery housing;

[0014] (c) A portion of the extruded battery casing;

[0015] (d) Deform a portion of the battery casing;

[0016] (e) Press down on a portion of the battery casing;

[0017] (f) Shake the battery casing;

[0018] (g) Pulling the first part of the battery casing away from the second part of the battery casing; and

[0019] (h) Strike the battery casing with another object.

[0020] Preferably, at least one of the first and second components may include a powder component comprising disintegrant particles.

[0021] Preferably, the powder component may include a compressed powder component.

[0022] Preferably, the powder component can be formed as at least one compressed powder ring.

[0023] Preferably, the present invention may include: a conductive layer disposed in a cavity adjacent to the inner surface of the housing, the conductive layer being configured to be electrically connected to a first battery terminal; a permeable insulating sheet disposed in the cavity and configured to electrically isolate the electrolyte from the conductive layer when an electrolyte is provided in the cavity; and a conductive rod having a first end and a second end, the first end being configured to be electrically connected to a second battery terminal, and the second end being configured to contact the electrolyte when an electrolyte is provided in the cavity.

[0024] Preferably, the first battery terminal and the second battery terminal can be arranged on the first and second ends of the housing, respectively.

[0025] Preferably, the present invention may include at least one air outlet channel, through which air inside the housing can be drawn out of the housing.

[0026] Preferably, at least one air outlet channel can be arranged in at least one of the first and second ends.

[0027] Preferably, the air outlet channel may include a diameter of approximately 0.3 mm.

[0028] Preferably, the invention may include a valve operable through at least one air outlet passage, wherein the valve is configured to prevent liquid from being drawn from the chamber when air is drawn from the chamber.

[0029] Preferably, the valve may include a diaphragm layer located on the inner surface of the housing to cover the opening leading to the air outlet passage, and wherein the diaphragm layer includes a structure configured to prevent the extraction of liquid from the chamber when air is extracted from the chamber.

[0030] Preferably, the invention may include a spacer element configured to space at least one of the electrolyte and the conductive layer from the second end.

[0031] Preferably, the spacer element may include an O-ring.

[0032] Preferably, the conductive layer may include a conductive liner that can be configured for insertion into a housing.

[0033] Preferably, the conductive liner may include at least one passage through the liner to allow fluid communication through the conductive liner.

[0034] Preferably, at least one passage may include an elongated slot.

[0035] Preferably, the conductive layer may include zinc.

[0036] Preferably, the conductive layer may be treated with indium.

[0037] Preferably, the housing may include an electrically insulating material.

[0038] Preferably, the housing may comprise a polymer material.

[0039] Preferably, the housing can be formed by at least one of extrusion molding and injection molding.

[0040] Preferably, the invention may include a spring element configured to provide electrical communication between the conductive layer and the first battery terminal.

[0041] Preferably, the spring element may include a helical spring.

[0042] Preferably, at least one of the first and second ends of the housing may be configured to be arranged relative to the housing between at least one of a first position and a second position, in which it is attached to the housing and in which it is removed from the housing in the second position.

[0043] Preferably, the invention may include a connecting member, wherein the connecting member connects at least one of the first and second ends to the battery when at least one of the first and second ends is arranged in a second position for removal from the housing.

[0044] Preferably, when at least one of the first and second ends is arranged in the first position, at least one of the first and second ends is screwed onto the housing.

[0045] Preferably, when at least one of the first and second ends is arranged in the second position, the opening in the housing can be unsealed to allow liquid to enter the chamber through the opening.

[0046] Preferably, at least one of the first and second ends can be ultrasonically welded to the housing.

[0047] In a second broad form, the invention provides a battery comprising: first and second battery terminals configured to be electrically connected to a load; a battery housing having first and second ends and a chamber configured to store a first component therein; means allowing a second component to interact with the first component within the chamber, wherein, in response to the interaction between the second component and the first component, an electrolyte is provided within the chamber, the electrolyte being adapted for the battery to power a load electrically connected to the first and second battery terminals; and wherein the electrolyte comprises at least some particles, the particles being disintegrant-type particles.

[0048] Preferably, the first component may include metal oxide powder.

[0049] Preferably, the first component may include a powder component.

[0050] Preferably, the first component may include a compressed powder component.

[0051] Preferably, the compressed powder component can be formed as at least one compressed powder ring.

[0052] Preferably, the second component may include at least one of potassium hydroxide solution, zinc chloride solution, and water.

[0053] Preferably, the invention may include at least one barrier arranged in a first configuration within a cavity, the at least one barrier restricting the interaction of a first component and a second component to provide an electrolyte within the cavity, the electrolyte being adapted for operation of the battery to power a load electrically connected to the first and second battery terminals; and thereby, in response to a force applied to a portion of the battery, the barrier is configured to be arranged from the first configuration to a second configuration such that the first component and the second component can interact with each other to provide an electrolyte within the cavity, the electrolyte being adapted for operation of the battery to power a load.

[0054] Preferably, the chamber may include first and second compartments configured to contain first and second components, respectively, and wherein the barrier includes a wall separating the first and second compartments.

[0055] Preferably, the force applied to a portion of the battery to configure the barrier from a first configuration to a second configuration may include at least one of the following:

[0056] (a) Rotate the first part of the battery housing relative to the second part of the battery housing;

[0057] (b) Slide the first portion of the battery housing relative to the second portion of the battery housing;

[0058] (c) A portion of the extruded battery casing;

[0059] (d) Deform a portion of the battery casing;

[0060] (e) Press down on a portion of the battery casing;

[0061] (f) Shake the battery casing;

[0062] (g) Pulling the first part of the battery casing away from the second part of the battery casing; and

[0063] (h) Strike the battery casing with another object.

[0064] Preferably, the present invention may include: a conductive layer disposed in a cavity adjacent to the inner surface of the housing, the conductive layer being configured to be electrically connected to a first battery terminal; a permeable insulating sheet disposed in the cavity and configured to electrically isolate the electrolyte from the conductive layer when an electrolyte is provided in the cavity; and a conductive rod having a first end and a second end, the first end being configured to be electrically connected to a second battery terminal, and the second end being configured to contact the electrolyte when an electrolyte is provided in the cavity.

[0065] Preferably, the first battery terminal and the second battery terminal can be arranged on the first and second ends of the housing, respectively.

[0066] Preferably, the present invention may include at least one air outlet channel, through which air inside the housing can be drawn out of the housing.

[0067] Preferably, at least one air outlet channel can be arranged in at least one of the first and second ends.

[0068] Preferably, the air outlet channel may include a diameter of approximately 0.3 mm.

[0069] Preferably, the invention may include a valve operable through at least one air outlet passage, wherein the valve may be configured to prevent liquid from being drawn from the chamber when air is drawn from the chamber.

[0070] Preferably, the valve may include a membrane layer located on the inner surface of the housing to cover an opening leading to an air outlet passage, and wherein the membrane layer may include a structure configured to prevent liquid from being drawn from the chamber when air is drawn from the chamber.

[0071] Preferably, the invention may include a spacer element configured to space at least one of the electrolyte and the conductive layer from the second end.

[0072] Preferably, the spacer element may include an O-ring.

[0073] Preferably, the conductive layer may include a conductive liner configured for insertion into the housing.

[0074] Preferably, the conductive liner may include at least one passage through the liner to allow fluid communication through the conductive liner.

[0075] Preferably, at least one passage may include an elongated slot.

[0076] Preferably, the conductive layer may include zinc.

[0077] Preferably, the conductive layer may be treated with indium.

[0078] Preferably, the housing comprises an electrically insulating material.

[0079] Preferably, the housing may comprise a polymer material.

[0080] Preferably, the housing can be formed by at least one of extrusion molding and injection molding.

[0081] Preferably, the invention may include a spring element configured to provide electrical communication between the conductive layer and the first battery terminal.

[0082] Preferably, the spring element may include a helical spring.

[0083] Preferably, at least one of the first and second ends of the housing may be configured to be arranged relative to the housing between at least one of a first position and a second position, in which it is attached to the housing and in which it is removed from the housing in the second position.

[0084] Preferably, the invention may include a connecting member, wherein the connecting member connects at least one of the first and second ends to the battery when at least one of the first and second ends is arranged in a second position for removal from the housing.

[0085] Preferably, when at least one of the first and second ends can be arranged in the first position, the at least one of the first and second ends can be screwed onto the housing.

[0086] Preferably, when at least one of the first and second ends is arranged in the second position, the opening in the housing can be unsealed to allow the second component to enter the chamber via the opening.

[0087] Preferably, at least one of the first and second ends can be ultrasonically welded to the housing.

[0088] In another broad form, the invention provides a device comprising an implantable battery according to any of the above broad forms, wherein the device includes at least one of the following: handheld and mobile electronic devices for sending and receiving telephone calls, faxes, emails, and digital data messages; handheld and mobile computers; personal digital assistants; telephones; satellite mobile phones; mobile phones; videophones; cameras; satellite and / or Global Positioning System (GPS) navigation systems; emergency tracking beacons; motorized personal tracking devices; motorized sirens; radio devices; LED flares; laser flares; motorized flares; and motorized water filtration or purification devices. Attached Figure Description

[0089] The invention will be more fully understood from the following detailed description of preferred, but not limiting, embodiments of the invention, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0090] Figure 1 A side sectional view is shown of a first step in the production of a battery according to an embodiment of the invention, in which a co-molded carbon rod and a first end cap are co-molded together and manipulated to a position relative to the battery casing.

[0091] Figure 2 A side sectional view of the second step in the production of a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, wherein the biasing element is shown as being positioned within a housing.

[0092] Figure 3 A side sectional view is shown of the third step in the production of a battery by inserting a zinc tube into a casing, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0093] Figure 4 A side sectional view is shown after the zinc liner, which sits on the biasing member, has been inserted into the housing;

[0094] Figure 5 A side sectional view is shown of a permeable separator being inserted into the battery housing after the zinc liner, which sits on the biasing member, has been inserted into the housing.

[0095] Figure 6 A side sectional view is shown of the spacer element in a nested position inserted into the electrolyte paper;

[0096] Figure 7 A side sectional view is shown of another step in the production of a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0097] Figure 8 A side sectional view of an electrolyte powder ring in a nested configuration, which is being inserted into a permeable separator according to an embodiment of the present invention, is shown.

[0098] Figure 9 A side sectional view of all electrolyte powder rings securely located within the housing before the permeable separator is folded to immobilize the electrolyte, according to an embodiment of the invention, is shown.

[0099] Figure 10 A side sectional view is shown of all the electrolyte powder rings that are safely located within the housing as the permeable spacer begins to fold to immobilize the electrolyte, according to an embodiment.

[0100] Figure 11 A side cross-sectional view of a battery is shown in which a permeable separator sheet according to an embodiment is folded onto an electrolyte powder ring to immobilize the electrolyte therein.

[0101] Figure 12 A side sectional view is shown of a process in which a fixing member is moved to the battery housing to keep the separator folded, according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0102] Figure 13 A side sectional view of a fixing member securely disposed within a battery casing according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0103] Figure 14 The diagram shows all the electrolyte powder rings securely located within the housing, a permeable separator folded therein to hold the electrolyte, and a side sectional view of a second end cap positioned for attachment to the battery housing.

[0104] Figure 15 A side sectional view of a battery according to an embodiment and a second end cap arranged in a closed position with respect to an opening in the housing is shown.

[0105] Figure 16 A side sectional view is shown of the battery and a second end cap arranged in an open position with respect to the opening in the housing. The second end cap cannot be completely separated by the shape configuration of the conductive pin (113A) that engages in the orifice of the fixing part (110);

[0106] Figure 17 This illustrates how water can be drained into the battery casing via a spacer element according to an embodiment of the invention;

[0107] Figure 18 Further exemplary illustrations of battery embodiments of the present invention are shown;

[0108] Figure 19 An exploded perspective view of a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0109] Figure 20 A side sectional view of another embodiment is shown, in which a tapered helical spring is used to electrically connect the battery terminal on the second end cap to a conductive liner in the housing cavity;

[0110] Figure 21 A perspective view of yet another embodiment with the second end cap separated from the housing is shown, wherein a compartment is configured to be located at one end of the battery to releasably store a component (e.g., water, KOH solution, etc.) that can be controlledly released from the compartment by a user to interact with another component within the housing cavity in order to provide an electrolyte within the cavity suitable for the battery to power a load.

[0111] Figure 22 The diagram illustrates the process along the battery casing, starting from the first end of the casing, before the first end cap is ultrasonically welded onto it, before the electrolyte components are inserted into the casing chamber, and before the second end cap is ultrasonically welded to the second end of the casing. Figure 21 A view of an embodiment;

[0112] Figure 23 It shows Figure 21 A view of an embodiment, wherein the second end cap is being assembled to the second end of the battery casing; and

[0113] Figure 24 A top view of an exemplary compressed powder ring for insertion into a housing chamber and having a flower- or gear-shaped cross-sectional profile is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0114] Now refer to the appendix Figures 1 to 24Preferred embodiments of the invention are described herein. Specific exemplary embodiments described herein include a battery that is activated when liquid flows into a battery housing chamber through an opening at a first end of the housing, the opening being selectively sealed or unsealed. When water enters the chamber, it contacts electrolyte powder within the chamber to activate the electrolyte for battery operation. Embodiments of the invention can conform to standard shapes, and AA and AAA-sized batteries can provide performance output substantially comparable to AA and AAA-type batteries.

[0115] In this specification, the term “polymer material” may include any polymer, monomer, copolymer, or blend of polymers, such as thermoplastic, thermosetting, PE, PP, PVC, PVA, EVA, PEEL, PMMA, or PTFE.

[0116] Figure 19 An exploded view of key features of the battery (10) of the first embodiment is shown, while Figures 1 to 17 The various stages of forming such a battery according to one embodiment are shown. First, refer to... Figure 1 The diagram illustrates the first step in forming the battery, whereby the battery casing (100) is initially provided with open first and second ends. The casing (100) is formed of an electrically insulating material, preferably a polymer material. The casing (100) can preferably be formed by extrusion molding or injection molding techniques. Conveniently, extruded polymer tubes can be formed relatively quickly and cost-effectively, and the extruded polymer tubes can be cut to sizes and dimensions suitable for use as battery casings for AA and AAA standard-sized batteries.

[0117] The first end of the battery is configured to include a first end cap (102) with an orifice disposed at its center. A first end of a carbon rod (101) extends partially through the orifice in the first end cap (102), and a nickel-plated copper terminal (103) is attached to the first end of the carbon rod (101). The carbon rod (101) and the nickel-plated copper terminal (103) are co-molded together with the first end cap (102), which in this embodiment comprises any electrically insulating polymer material.

[0118] The first end cap (102) is sized and constructed to complement the opening at the first end of the housing (100). During battery assembly, the first end cap (102) is moved to contact the first end of the housing (100) such that the peripheral edge of the first end cap (102) nests over the opening at the first end of the housing (100). The first end cap (102) is then bonded to the first end of the housing (100) using any suitable bonding method, such as adhesive bonding and ultrasonic bonding. When bonded together, the first end cap (102) forms a watertight seal around the opening at the first end of the housing (100), and the carbon rod is arranged substantially along the length of the housing (100) inward from the housing chamber (100A).

[0119] Now for reference Figure 2 The biasing member (104) is located inside the housing member (100A), and its objectives will be further described below. In this embodiment, the biasing member (104) includes a circular silicone pad with an orifice arranged at its center. The circular silicone pad is suitably shaped to allow it to slide along a carbon rod (101) via an opening in the second end of the housing (100). The silicone pad slides along the carbon rod (101) into the housing cavity (100A) until it abuts against the inner-facing surface of a first end cap (102) at the first end. In alternative embodiments, for example, the biasing member (104) may take the form of a coil spring or a leaf spring configuration.

[0120] like Figure 3 As shown, the conductive liner (106) is inserted into the housing chamber (100A) via an opening in the second end of the housing (100). The conductive liner (106) may comprise a conductive metal sheet rolled into a tubular configuration. The conductive liner may also comprise elongated slots with a width of about 1.5-2.0 mm. The conductive liner (106) may be treated in an indium bath solution at 105 degrees Celsius for 1-2 minutes. Alternatively, indium particles may be added to the electrolyte powder of the battery. In this embodiment, the conductive liner (106) comprises a zinc material; however, in alternative embodiments, other conductive materials may be used. The conductive liner (106) in this embodiment comprises a cylindrical segment with a first end having an opening of a relatively small diameter, which is plasticized and sized to allow a carbon rod (100) to be tightly inserted therethrough, and a second end having an opening of a relatively large diameter. Figure 3 As shown, the conductive liner (106) slides into the housing cavity (100A) until the conductive liner (106) abuts against the silicone pad (104), as... Figure 4As shown in the diagram. The presence of a silicone pad (104) between the conductive liner (106) helps to bias the conductive liner (106) in the direction toward the retaining member (110) and the battery terminal (113) in order to help maintain electrical continuity between the retaining member (110) and the battery terminal (113).

[0121] The battery also includes a permeable separator (107) configured to be nested within a conductive liner (106). In this embodiment, the permeable separator (107) has a similar shape configuration to the conductive liner (106) and also includes a first end and a second end. The first end has an opening of a relatively small diameter, which is plasticized and sized to allow a carbon rod (100) to be inserted tightly therethrough. The second end has an opening of a relatively large diameter. The permeable separator (107) is rolled into a cylindrical configuration and slides into a housing chamber (100A), as... Figure 5 As shown, the surface of the permeable insulating sheet (107) up to the first end of the permeable insulating sheet (107) abuts against the inner wall of the conductive liner (106), as... Figure 6 As shown in the diagram. Once the permeable spacer is in place, the spacer element (108) is positioned within the housing chamber (100A) so that it is surrounded by the permeable spacer (107), as shown. Figure 6 As shown in the diagram. In this embodiment, the spacer element (108) is a disc-shaped element with an orifice arranged at its center, the orifice being plastically shaped and sized to allow the carbon rod (101) to pass through it and fit tightly. The spacer element (108) slides along the carbon rod (101) until it abuts against the inner-facing surface of the permeable spacer sheet (107), as shown in the diagram. Figure 7 As shown in the figure. In this embodiment, the spacer element (108) is made of silicone material, although it does not have to be silicone and can be made of non-polymer material, as long as the material is suitable for spacing the electrolyte powder ring from the surface of the conductive liner (106) as shown.

[0122] The battery (10) includes a compressed electrolyte powder ring (109) that slides into a housing chamber (100A) and is surrounded by a permeable separator (107). The diameter of the compressed electrolyte powder ring (109) is plastically shaped to allow a suitable gap between the peripheral edge of the powder ring (109) and the permeable separator (107), thereby accommodating the expansion of the powder ring (109) when exposed to water by including the gap. Moreover, a silicone spacer element (108) disposed between the first compressed electrolyte powder ring and the permeable separator (107) helps to allow water to drain, which can circulate more freely within the housing chamber (100A) and thus contribute to improved battery performance. Figure 17An enlarged cross-sectional view of a spacer element (108) nested within a conductive zinc liner (106) is shown, whereby the spacer element separates the compressed electrolyte powder ring from the zinc liner, and water can be discharged from the housing chamber (100A) along the flow path indicated by the arrow.

[0123] The electrolyte, including the compressed powder ring (107), can be formed from metal oxide powders such as manganese dioxide, iron oxide, or crystalline silver oxide. In this embodiment, the electrolyte comprises, by weight percentage, approximately 3% ammonium chloride particles, 16% zinc chloride particles, 68% manganese dioxide particles, 12.4% acetylene black particles, and 0.6% zinc oxide particles. The electrolyte particles are ball-milled using a rotary or planetary ball mill and ceramic balls such as agate (carnelian) before being compressed into powder rings. During testing, a 500 ml laboratory ball mill is used, with ceramic grinding balls weighing 110 g and having a diameter of 22.4 mm, or smaller balls weighing 190 g and having a diameter of 10.0 mm. Furthermore, 150 g of electrolyte is ground each time during testing. It should be understood that the ball milling of the electrolyte can be appropriately scaled up to industrial scale to accommodate larger production volumes. The electrolyte particles obtained by ball milling have a basically spherical configuration, with a diameter ranging from approximately 0.2 to 0.8 mm and a density of approximately 1.71 to 1.75 g / cm³. 3 Within a certain range, the water content is approximately 3% or less. Embodiments of the invention are assembled in a humidity-controlled environment (often referred to as a "dry chamber") to mitigate the risk of moisture inadvertently activating electrolytes.

[0124] like Figure 10 As shown, once the compressed powder ring (109) is nested within the housing chamber (100A), the permeable separator (107) folds inward over the electrolyte (109). Figure 12 and Figure 13As shown, a retaining member (110) is configured to be positioned within the housing (100) to secure the end of the permeable spacer (107) in its folded position. The retaining member (110) is co-molded with a portion of a polymer annular ring (114) that engages with the housing (100) near an opening at the second end of the housing (100). Another portion of the polymer annular ring (114) may include screw threads configured for screw thread engagement with a corresponding threaded polymer disc member (112). The threaded polymer disc member (112) can be screwed into and out of engagement with the polymer annular ring (114) to selectively seal and unseal the opening at the second end of the housing (100) and serve as a second end cap (112). A metal conductive terminal (113) is disposed at the center of a threaded polymer disc member (112) and has a conductive terminal pin (113A) extending inward from the housing chamber (100A) through a polymer annular ring and through an orifice provided in the fixing member (110). In this embodiment, the tip of the conductive terminal pin (113A) is suitably molded to allow it to be inserted through the orifice of the fixing member (110), but is subsequently restricted to retract in the opposite direction from the orifice of the fixing member (110). In this way, a helical valve-type assembly is conveniently formed at the second end of the housing (100) to selectively unlock the opening to allow water to enter the housing chamber (100A), or selectively seal the opening to prevent water from leaking out of the housing chamber (100A). Since there is no removable portion with a sealing arrangement in this embodiment compared to embodiments where the end of the housing (100) can be sealed or unlocked using a fully removable end cap, this reduces the risk of the end cap being misplaced. Of course, in some embodiments, the sealing arrangement may include a fully removable second end cap (112) if desired. Furthermore, any type of valve mechanism may be arranged on the second end of the housing (100), which may differ from the valve mechanism described above. Alternatively, instead of configuring the second end cap (112) to engage with the second end of the housing (100) by screw threads, it may be connected via a bayonet-type engagement mechanism or any other suitable mechanism.

[0125] Since both the metal conductive terminal (113) and the fixing member (110) are made of conductive material, they are both electrically connected to the conductive zinc liner (106) at the same time because the biasing member (104) pushes the conductive liner (106) onto the fixing member (110).

[0126] In this embodiment, the steps for attaching the second end cap (112) to the second end of the housing (100) are as follows. Before the polymer annular ring (114) is bonded to the housing, for example using ultrasonic bonding, the electrically insulating polymer annular ring (114) is first co-molded with the conductive retaining member (110). The corresponding threaded polymer disc member (112) is co-molded with the O-ring (111) and the conductive terminal / conductive pin (113 / 113A). The pin head (113A) of the conductive terminal pin is inserted into the orifice of the retaining member (110), either by the shape of the pin head itself preventing it from retracting from the orifice, or by manipulating the pin head after insertion (e.g., by TIG welding the tip of the pin, or by bending the tip of the pin) to prevent it from retracting from the orifice. The polymer annular ring (114) can then be ultrasonically or adhesively bonded to the housing such that the entire second end cap (112) assembly is secured to the second end of the housing (100) in a helical valve arrangement that can be used to selectively seal and release the end of the housing. When unsealed, an opening in the second end of the housing (100) is exposed to allow water to enter the housing chamber (100A).

[0127] The embodiment of the battery (110) remains in an inactive state after assembly—that is, the electrolyte within the casing is not yet suitable for the battery to power a load attached to the battery terminals. When water enters the casing (100) through the unsealed second end of the casing, the water flows along and through the permeable separator (107) and contacts the electrolyte powder ring (109). Once the water has properly contacted the electrolyte (109) within the casing (100), the water becomes suitable for achieving an ion flow, thereby creating a potential difference between the conductive terminals (103, 113), thus powering the load device connected to the conductive terminals.

[0128] Advantageously, because the battery embodiments of the present invention remain in an inactive state until use, they have a much longer shelf life than conventional off-the-shelf batteries intended for similar purposes. Conversely, conventional batteries tend to degrade more rapidly during storage because the electrolyte powder mixture is activated during manufacturing. While the embodiments of the present invention described herein are particularly suitable for emergency situations and intended for use in emergency circumstances due to their longer shelf life, the actual output performance of these battery embodiments can be comparable to or higher than the power output expected for some conventional batteries.

[0129] Furthermore, the spacer helps to facilitate the drainage of water from inside the battery casing, and the resulting water circulation can improve battery performance by increasing the rate at which the electrolyte is exposed to water inside the casing.

[0130] Another advantage of embodiments of the invention may include the use of a biasing member (104) such as a silicone pad to push the conductive liner (106) in one direction, which helps to maintain direct or indirect electrical connection between the conductive liner and the battery terminal pin (113A) and the retaining member (110).

[0131] Another advantage of embodiments of the present invention is that the ends of the housing (100) can be quickly and easily fixed by ultrasonic welding, which reduces the unsightly nature of adhesive bonding and the uneven sealing associated with adhesive bonding.

[0132] Another advantage associated with embodiments of the invention is that, since the wall thickness of the casing (100) can be made relatively thin by using extruded polymer material, this also allows for an increase in the amount of compressed powder that can be received within the casing (100), and this improves the overall battery output performance. Furthermore, by using extruded polymer material as the battery casing (100), relatively thick-walled conductive liners (such as zinc casings) can be extruded relatively inexpensively and cut to size for use in battery manufacturing, and can be inserted into the battery casing more easily and quickly during the battery manufacturing process because the thicker-walled conductive liner (106) maintains a linear configuration within the casing (100). This contrasts with some prior art methods, where relatively thin and conductive liners may be used, which tend not to maintain a linear configuration within the casing, and thus make the manufacturing process of prior art batteries more cumbersome.

[0133] Now for reference Figure 20 Another embodiment (20) is shown as a modified version of the above-described battery embodiment. In this embodiment, and contrary to the above embodiment, a tapered metal helical spring (120) is used to provide electrical communication between the battery terminal (113) and the conductive liner (120). Specifically, the tapered end of the metal helical spring is coupled to the battery terminal (113), while the opposite "bottom" end of the helical spring (120) is coupled to the fixing member (110), which in turn is coupled to the conductive liner (106). The bottom end of the helical spring (120) is co-molded into the fixing member (110) such that the helical spring (120) can be securely positioned within the housing cavity (100A) by positioning the fixing member within the housing cavity (100A).

[0134] In such Figures 21 to 23In some embodiments shown, and contrary to those described above, the housing (300) may not include a releasably sealed second end cap, but may instead be manufactured as a sealed container that is generally not configured to be opened during use (i.e., by removing the second end cap or otherwise). In this alternative embodiment, the water supply is stored inside a watertight compartment (310) within the chamber (300A), so that it is not necessary to open the housing (300) to introduce an external water supply into the housing chamber (300A) to interact with the electrolyte powder (not shown). While the water is retained in the watertight compartment (310) separated from the electrolyte powder in the sealed housing chamber (300A), the electrolyte is “inactive”—that is, the electrolyte is not suitable for being configured for the operation of the battery (30) to power a load. When a specific type of force is applied to the outer region of the housing (300), the watertight compartment (310) is configured to regulate the release of water stored in the compartment (310) to contact the compressed electrolyte, so that the electrolyte in the chamber (300A) is suitable for the operation of the battery (30) to power a load attached to the battery (30). For example, the nature of the force applied to the outer region of the housing (300) may include rotating a first portion (330) of the battery relative to the housing (300), which, for example, includes an end cap (330) of the battery (30). Alternatively, the applied force may include, for example:

[0135] (a) Slide the first part of the battery housing relative to the second part of the battery housing;

[0136] (b) A portion of the extruded battery casing;

[0137] (c) Deform a portion of the battery casing;

[0138] (d) Press down on a portion of the battery casing;

[0139] (e) Shake the battery casing;

[0140] (f) Pull the first part of the battery casing away from the second part of the battery casing; or

[0141] (g) Strike the battery casing with another object.

[0142] The compartment may be located within the housing chamber (100A), adjacent to the second end of the housing. A wall (320) of the compartment separates the compartment from the compressed electrolyte powder in the chamber (100A). The wall (320) may, for example, comprise first and second rigid planar disks, each having orifices of approximately similar size and dimensions arranged therein. The planar surfaces of these disks are flush with each other and may be configured to be rotatable or slidable relative to each other between at least a first and a second configuration, in which the orifices in the first and second disks are misaligned to limit water discharged from the compartment (310) from contacting the electrolyte powder in the chamber (300A), and in the second configuration, the orifices in the corresponding first and second disks are aligned to allow water in the compartment (310) to drain from the compartment (310) through the aligned orifices, thereby contacting the electrolyte powder in the chamber (300A). In this embodiment, the end (330) of the battery (30) is operatively coupled to the second disk so as to cause the second disk to rotate together with the rotating end between different configurations relative to the first disk, thereby allowing water in the compartment (310) to be released into the chamber (300A) containing compressed electrolyte powder. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the compartment (310) does not necessarily need to store water. Alternatively, any two components can be isolated within the chamber (300A) and configured to interact together in a user-controlled manner to provide an electrolyte component suitable for the operation of the battery (300) to power a load attached to the battery terminals. For example, compressed metal oxide powder can be arranged within the chamber (300A), while potassium hydroxide solution, zinc chloride solution, or water can initially be isolated within the compartment (310) in preparation for user release. In some further embodiments, the compartment (310) may take the form of a sealed sleeve that can be ruptured by perforation or tearing when force is applied to the outer area of ​​the housing (300). It should be understood that embodiments utilizing housings including sealed containers, such as these, offer various advantages, particularly when using such batteries in emergency situations such as natural disasters. First, the user does not need to seek an external water supply to fill the battery to activate the compressed electrolyte powder and make the battery work. Second, there is no need for the user to unseal the battery housing to fill the housing chamber (300A) with water. Eliminating either of these steps can save critical moments in emergency situations, such as when activating a flare on a life raft to attract the attention of rescuers. This also avoids the danger of the user attempting to fill the battery with an external water supply under high pressure. Instead, the user only needs to rotate the portion (330) of the battery relative to the housing (300) to release the water in the compartment (310) and bring it into contact with the compressed electrolyte powder within the battery compartment (300A).

[0143] In any of the above embodiments, a portion of the electrolyte powder mixture may include at least some disintegrant particles. These disintegrant particles are adapted to enhance water absorption in the electrolyte powder mixture through capillary action and wicking, as well as swelling upon contact with water. For example, the disintegrant may comprise particles of appropriate size and dimensions, uniformly dispersed in the electrolyte powder mixture, capable of absorbing up to 200 times its weight in water, and in this way, the energy of the electrolyte is dispersed as the disintegrant swells and expands. In alternative embodiments, any other suitable type of disintegrant particles that can cause the compression of the electrolyte powder rings may be used—for example, by the following actions:

[0144] a) Expansion caused by heating residual air;

[0145] b) Disintegration force;

[0146] c) Deformation of the compressed powder ring;

[0147] d) Release of gaseous substances; and / or

[0148] e) Triggered by enzymatic action.

[0149] The inclusion of disintegrant-type particles in the compressed electrolyte powder offers several advantages: (i) the increased porosity in the compressed electrolyte powder rings as the disintegrant-type particles absorb water and swell, which enhances the ability of liquids to penetrate the compressed electrolyte powder rings and activates the electrolyte more quickly; (ii) the swelling and expansion of the disintegrant-type particles forces the electrolyte powder to press against the separator paper, which enhances electrical contact and improves the current strength of the battery in use; (iii) the electrolyte powder can withstand more severe compression to improve the overall current strength of the battery in use because the presence of disintegrant-type particles in the electrolyte powder ensures that water can properly penetrate into the electrolyte powder; (iv) in embodiments where the internal water supply is releasably sealed in a battery chamber separate from the battery chamber of the electrolyte powder before activation, only a relatively small amount of water needs to be stored in the breakable compartment due to the water absorption capacity of the disintegrant-type particles within the electrolyte powder; and (v) due to the improved water absorption properties of the disintegrant-type particles, a single compressed powder ring can be formed instead of multiple compressed powder rings to be inserted into the housing chamber.

[0150] To further enhance the water flow in the chamber (300A), the cross-sectional shape of the compressed electrolyte powder ring (309) may include a flower or circular gear type shape, such as... Figure 24 As shown, this shape provides a water flow channel (309A) along the length of the compressed powder ring.

[0151] In some embodiments, at least one air outlet channel is provided in the housing to allow air to escape from the battery housing. This mitigates excessive pressure buildup within the housing chamber (300A) due to the expansion of disintegrating particles of the electrolyte powder. At least one air outlet channel is arranged in one of the ends of the battery housing. Typically, two to three air outlet channels of about 0.3 mm can be arranged in the first and / or second ends of the battery housing. Furthermore, a membrane layer can be provided on the inward-facing surface of the end cap to cover the air outlet channels. The membrane allows air to flow through it but prevents liquid from flowing out of the battery via the air outlet channels. Further, a sticker can be provided on the outward-facing surface of the first and / or second ends where the air outlet channels are arranged. The sticker prevents air from escaping from the housing until the battery is activated and used. In some embodiments, the conductive liner may also include several elongated slots cut therein with a width of about 1.5-2.0 mm to improve the outward flow of air from the chamber (300A) via the air outlet channels.

[0152] In some embodiments, any of the batteries described above can be integrated into a range of different types of devices, such as: handheld and mobile electronic devices for sending and receiving telephone calls, faxes, emails, and digital data messages; handheld and mobile computers; personal digital assistants; telephones; satellite mobile phones; mobile phones; videophones; cameras; satellite and / or Global Positioning System (GPS) navigation systems; emergency tracking beacons; motorized personal tracking devices; motorized sirens; radios; LED flares; laser flares; motorized flares; and motorized water filtration or purification devices. These devices may be particularly useful in emergency situations, such as during natural disasters, for the following reasons:

[0153] (a) By forming the battery as an integral part of the device itself, this reduces the time required to insert the battery into the device;

[0154] (b) If the compressed electrolyte powder mixture in the battery housing cavity includes disintegrant particles, the entire built-in battery (and device) can be activated more quickly;

[0155] (c) If one of the above embodiments is provided with an internally stored supply of water, KOH, etc., to be released in user control (e.g., by rotating a second end cap) to interact with another component within the housing cavity, thereby providing an electrolyte suitable for battery-powered device operation within the cavity, then the integrated built-in battery (and therefore the device) can be activated more quickly; and

[0156] (d) An integrated built-in battery (and therefore the device) can help provide a hard-wired and more reliable electrical connection from the battery terminals, thereby powering the device.

[0157] In some embodiments where the battery is integrally built into the device, the device may include a suitable waterproof barrier to prevent liquid from accidentally leaking from the battery housing or from the external power source into the device's electronic components if the battery housing is filled with liquid from an external power source.

[0158] In some embodiments, the device may be configured to be powered by multiple batteries, some of which may be integrally implanted while others may not. Some devices may be configured to be electrically coupled to the battery embodiments described above in a modular manner, such that the battery embodiments can be replaced once they become obsolete.

[0159] In some embodiments, the battery may be described in any of the ways and configurations described above, with further modifications, namely, the cathode and anode elements of the battery are reversed.

[0160] In another alternative embodiment, a battery is provided that includes an integrally formed switch configured for user-controlled operation between at least one of an inactive state and an active state, in which the battery is inoperable to supply power to a load device coupled to a battery terminal, and in the active state, the battery is operable to supply power to the load device. Typically, the ability to adjust the switch between active and inactive states can be embodied by any of the mechanisms described in the above embodiments, wherein a first component and a second component interact controllably with each other within a housing cavity to provide an electrolyte suitable for battery operation within the cavity. When the first and second components are isolated, the switch is arranged in an inactive state. When the first and second components interact together under user control, the switch is adjusted to an active state. In yet another alternative embodiment, the switch may simply include mechanical, electrical, chemical switching elements or any combination thereof to enable user-controlled activation of the battery. For example, the battery may be configured such that applying a force to the outside of the battery (e.g., by rotating or pressing down an end) actuates the movement of a mechanical switching element to establish the electrical connection within the battery necessary for operation of the battery to supply power to a load device.

[0161] Those skilled in the art will understand that variations and modifications beyond those specifically described herein can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. All such variations and modifications that are obvious to those skilled in the art should be considered to fall within the spirit and scope of the invention as clearly stated above. It should be understood that the invention includes all such variations and modifications. The invention also includes all steps and features individually or jointly mentioned or indicated in the specification, and any and all combinations of any two or more of said steps or features.

[0162] Any reference to prior art in this specification is not and should not be construed as an admission or any form of implication that such prior art is part of the general knowledge of the art.

Claims

1. A battery comprising: A first battery terminal and a second battery terminal, wherein the first battery terminal and the second battery terminal are configured to be electrically connected to a load; A battery housing having a first end and a second end and a chamber disposed therein; A first component, a second component, and at least one barrier arranged in a first configuration within the chamber, the barrier restricting the interaction between the first component and the second component to provide an electrolyte within the chamber, the electrolyte being adapted for the battery to power a load that is electrically connected to the first battery terminal and the second battery terminal; and Thus, in response to a force applied to a portion of the battery, the barrier is configured to change from the first configuration to a second configuration, such that the first and second components can interact with each other to provide an electrolyte within the chamber suitable for the battery to power the load. The battery also includes: A conductive layer disposed within a cavity adjacent to the inner surface of the battery housing, the conductive layer being configured to be electrically connected to the first battery terminal; and At least one air outlet channel is provided, through which air inside the battery casing can be drawn out of the battery casing. The conductive layer includes several elongated slots with a width of 1.5-2.0 mm cut therein to improve the outward flow of air from the chamber through the air outlet channel.

2. The battery according to claim 1, wherein, The first component comprises metal oxide powder.

3. The battery according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The second component includes at least one of potassium hydroxide solution, zinc chloride solution, and water.

4. The battery according to claim 1, wherein, The chamber includes a first compartment and a second compartment, the first compartment and the second compartment being configured to respectively contain the first component and the second component, and The barrier includes a wall that separates the first compartment and the second compartment.

5. The battery according to claim 1, wherein, The force applied to a portion of the battery to cause the barrier to be configured from the first configuration to the second configuration includes at least one of the following: (a) Rotate a first portion of the battery housing relative to a second portion of the battery housing; (b) Slide the first portion of the battery housing relative to the second portion of the battery housing; (c) Crushing a portion of the battery casing; (d) Deform a portion of the battery casing; (e) Press down on a portion of the battery casing; (f) Shake the battery casing; (g) Pull the first part of the battery housing away from the second part of the battery housing; as well as (h) Strike the battery casing with another object.

6. The battery according to claim 1, wherein, At least one of the first component and the second component includes a powder component, the powder component comprising disintegrant particles.

7. The battery according to claim 6, wherein, The powder component includes compressed powder components.

8. The battery according to claim 6 or 7, wherein, The powder component is formed into at least one compressed powder ring.

9. The battery according to claim 1, comprising: A permeable insulating sheet is disposed within the cavity and configured to electrically isolate the electrolyte from the conductive layer when the electrolyte is supplied within the cavity; as well as A conductive rod having a first end and a second end, the first end being configured to be in electrical communication with a second battery terminal, and the second end being configured to contact the electrolyte when the electrolyte is provided in the chamber.

10. The battery according to claim 1, wherein, The first battery terminal and the second battery terminal are respectively arranged on the first end and the second end of the battery casing.

11. The battery according to claim 1, wherein, The at least one air outlet channel is arranged in at least one of the first end and the second end.

12. The battery according to claim 1, wherein, The air outlet channel has a diameter of 0.3 mm.

13. The battery according to claim 11 or 12, comprising: A valve operable for the at least one air outlet passage. The valve is configured to prevent liquid from being drawn from the chamber when air is being drawn from the chamber.

14. The battery according to claim 13, wherein, The valve includes a membrane layer located on the inner surface of the battery housing to cover the opening leading to the air outlet passage, and The membrane layer includes a structure configured to prevent liquid from being drawn from the chamber when air is drawn from the chamber.

15. The battery according to claim 1, comprising: A spacer element configured to space at least one of the electrolyte and the conductive layer from the second end.

16. The battery according to claim 15, wherein, The spacer element includes an O-ring.

17. The battery according to claim 1, wherein, The conductive layer includes a conductive liner configured for insertion into the battery housing.

18. The battery according to claim 17, wherein, The conductive liner includes at least one passage extending through the conductive liner to allow fluid communication through the conductive liner.

19. The battery according to claim 18, wherein, The at least one passage includes an elongated slot.

20. The battery according to claim 1, wherein, The conductive layer comprises zinc.

21. The battery according to claim 1, wherein, The conductive layer is treated with indium.

22. The battery according to claim 1, wherein, The battery casing includes an electrically insulating material.

23. The battery according to claim 1, wherein, The battery casing is made of polymer material.

24. The battery according to claim 1, wherein, The battery casing is formed by at least one of extrusion molding and injection molding.

25. The battery according to claim 1, comprising: A spring element configured to provide electrical communication between the conductive layer and the first battery terminal.

26. The battery according to claim 25, wherein, The spring element includes a helical spring.

27. The battery according to claim 1, wherein, At least one of the first end and the second end of the battery housing is configured to be arranged relative to the battery housing between a first position and a second position, in which it is attached to the battery housing and in the second position it is removed from the battery housing.

28. The battery of claim 27, comprising: Connecting components, Wherein, when at least one of the first end and the second end is arranged in the second position to be removed from the battery housing, the connecting member connects at least one of the first end and the second end to the battery.

29. The battery according to claim 27 or 28, wherein, When at least one of the first end and the second end is arranged in the first position, at least one of the first end and the second end is screwed onto the battery casing.

30. The battery according to claim 27, wherein, When at least one of the first end and the second end is positioned in the second position, the opening in the battery housing is unsealed to allow liquid to enter the chamber through the opening.

31. The battery according to claim 1, wherein, At least one of the first end and the second end is ultrasonically welded to the battery casing.

32. A battery comprising: A first battery terminal and a second battery terminal, wherein the first battery terminal and the second battery terminal are configured to be electrically connected to a load; A battery housing having a first end and a second end, and a chamber configured to store a first component therein; A device for allowing a second component to interact with a first component within the chamber, wherein, in response to the interaction of the second component with the first component, an electrolyte is provided within the chamber, the electrolyte being adapted for the battery to power a load electrically connected to the first battery terminal and the second battery terminal; and The electrolyte comprises at least some particles, which are disintegrant particles. The battery also includes: A conductive layer disposed within a cavity adjacent to the inner surface of the battery housing, the conductive layer being configured to be electrically connected to the first battery terminal; and At least one air outlet channel is provided, through which air inside the battery casing can be drawn out of the battery casing. The conductive layer includes several elongated slots with a width of 1.5-2.0 mm cut therein to improve the outward flow of air from the chamber through the air outlet channel.

33. The battery according to claim 32, wherein, The first component comprises metal oxide powder.

34. The battery according to claim 32 or 33, wherein, The first component includes a powder component.

35. The battery according to claim 32, wherein, The first component includes a compressed powder component.

36. The battery according to claim 35, wherein, The compressed powder component is formed into at least one compressed powder ring.

37. The battery according to claim 32, wherein, The second component includes at least one of potassium hydroxide solution, zinc chloride solution, and water.

38. The battery of claim 32, comprising: At least one barrier arranged in a first configuration within the chamber restricts the interaction between the first component and the second component in order to provide the electrolyte within the chamber, the electrolyte being adapted for the battery to power a load in which the first battery terminal and the second battery terminal form an electrical connection; and, Thus, in response to a force applied to a portion of the battery, the barrier is configured to be arranged from the first configuration to a second configuration such that the first component and the second component can interact with each other to provide an electrolyte suitable for the operation of the battery to power the load within the chamber.

39. The battery according to claim 38, wherein, The chamber includes a first compartment and a second compartment, the first compartment and the second compartment being configured to respectively contain the first component and the second component, and The barrier includes a wall that separates the first compartment and the second compartment.

40. The battery according to claim 38 or 39, wherein, The force applied to said portion of the battery to cause the barrier to be configured from the first configuration to the second configuration includes at least one of the following: (a) Rotate the first portion of the battery housing relative to the second portion of the battery housing; (b) Slide the first portion of the battery housing relative to the second portion of the battery housing; (c) Crushing a portion of the battery casing; (d) Deform a portion of the battery casing; (e) Press down on a portion of the battery casing; (f) Shake the battery casing; (g) Pull the first part of the battery housing away from the second part of the battery housing; as well as (h) Strike the battery casing with another object.

41. The battery according to claim 32, comprising: A permeable insulating sheet is disposed within the chamber and configured to electrically isolate the electrolyte from the conductive layer when the electrolyte is supplied within the chamber; as well as A conductive rod having a first end and a second end, the first end being configured to be in electrical communication with a second battery terminal, and the second end being configured to contact the electrolyte when the electrolyte is provided in the chamber.

42. The battery according to claim 32, wherein, The first battery terminal and the second battery terminal are respectively arranged on the first end and the second end of the battery casing.

43. The battery according to claim 32, wherein, The at least one air outlet channel is arranged in at least one of the first end and the second end.

44. The battery according to claim 32 or 43, wherein, The air outlet channel has a diameter of 0.3 mm.

45. The battery according to claim 43, comprising: Capable of operating a valve for the at least one air outlet passage. The valve is configured to prevent liquid from being drawn from the chamber when air is being drawn from the chamber.

46. ​​The battery according to claim 45, wherein, The valve includes a membrane layer located on the inner surface of the battery housing to cover the opening leading to the air outlet passage, and The membrane layer includes a structure configured to prevent liquid from being drawn from the chamber when air is drawn from the chamber.

47. The battery of claim 32, comprising: A spacer element configured to space at least one of the electrolyte and the conductive layer from the second end.

48. The battery according to claim 47, wherein, The spacer element includes an O-ring.

49. The battery according to claim 32, wherein, The conductive layer includes a conductive liner configured to be inserted into the battery housing.

50. The battery according to claim 49, wherein, The conductive liner includes at least one passage extending through the conductive liner to allow fluid communication through the conductive liner.

51. The battery according to claim 50, wherein, The at least one passage includes an elongated slot.

52. The battery according to claim 32, wherein, The conductive layer comprises zinc.

53. The battery according to claim 32, wherein, The conductive layer is treated with indium.

54. The battery according to claim 32, wherein, The battery casing includes an electrically insulating material.

55. The battery according to claim 32, wherein, The battery casing is made of polymer material.

56. The battery according to claim 32, wherein, The battery casing is formed by at least one of extrusion molding and injection molding.

57. The battery of claim 32, comprising: A spring element configured to provide electrical communication between the conductive layer and the first battery terminal.

58. The battery according to claim 57, wherein, The spring element includes a helical spring.

59. The battery according to claim 32, wherein, At least one of the first end and the second end of the battery housing is configured to be arranged relative to the battery housing between a first position and a second position, in which it is attached to the battery housing and in the second position it is removed from the battery housing.

60. The battery according to claim 59, comprising: Connecting components, Wherein, when at least one of the first end and the second end is arranged in the second position to be removed from the battery housing, the connecting member connects at least one of the first end and the second end to the battery.

61. The battery according to claim 59 or 60, wherein, When at least one of the first end and the second end is arranged in the first position, at least one of the first end and the second end is screwed onto the battery casing.

62. The battery according to claim 59, wherein, When at least one of the first end and the second end is arranged in the second position, the opening in the battery housing is unsealed to allow liquid to enter the chamber through the opening and thereby interact with the first component.

63. The battery according to claim 32, wherein, At least one of the first end and the second end is ultrasonically welded to the battery casing.

64. An apparatus comprising a battery according to any one of claims 1 to 63.

65. The device according to claim 64, wherein, The device includes at least one of the following: Handheld and mobile computers; Personal digital assistant; Telephone; camera; Satellite and / or Global Positioning System (GPS) navigation systems; Emergency tracking beacons; Electric personal tracking device; Electric sirens; LED signal flares; Laser signal flares; Electric signal flares; and Electric water filtration or purification equipment.

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