Loom and Method for Guiding Fabric in Loom

Abstract

The present invention relates to various combinable designs of a loom having at least one guiding device having at least one guiding unit (32, 34) for contactively guiding a fabric (82) in an area of ​​the weave board abutting a plane (14). According to an embodiment, a control unit (15) is provided, configured to control at least one driver (38, 39) for at least one guiding unit (32, 34), wherein the control unit (15) processes information relating to the fabric structure in the area of ​​the weave board abutting a plane (14) and / or information regarding the position of warp threads (80a, 80b) in the open weaving shed. The invention also relates to a method for guiding a fabric in the area of ​​the weave board abutting a plane (14).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a loom according to the invention. The invention also relates to a corresponding method. Background Technology

[0002] Such looms, such as clamp looms and air looms, have been known for a long time. What they have in common is that multiple warp threads extending side-by-side along the production direction are raised or lowered by a shed-forming device to form an open shed through which (at least) a weft thread is fed. The shed then closes, and the weft thread abuts against a connecting point via the weave board, thus reopening the shed. The fabric is continuously pulled out by a pull-out device and, for example, wound onto a take-up roller, or removed from the loom in a horizontal position.

[0003] A disadvantage of known looms is that, especially with fabrics that have different geometries than common ones, particularly with fabrics of greater thickness and / or uneven surface orientation, a reliable weaving process cannot always be guaranteed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The objective of this invention is to achieve improved fabric control or fabric guidance.

[0005] This task is accomplished through the features described in this publication.

[0006] A particular advantage of the present invention is that it provides devices and methods that enable more precise guidance of the fabric in the area of ​​the weft board abutting plane and are applicable under various weaving conditions. The term "area of ​​the weft board abutting plane" is currently understood to refer to the area of ​​the fabric near the weft board abutting portion, i.e., within a few millimeters (minimum 0 mm) to a few centimeters from the weft board abutting plane along the direction of the fabric already produced.

[0007] According to a first aspect of the invention, a loom has at least one guiding device having at least one guiding unit extending at least partially along the width of the fabric. The at least one guiding unit includes at least one guiding section, each substantially positionable along the fabric thickness direction, which allows for contact guidance of the fabric in the area where the weave board abuts the plane; that is, the guiding section rests against the fabric and guides it. Here, at least one guiding unit is provided for guiding the upper part of the fabric on its upper side and / or at least one guiding unit is provided for guiding the lower part of the fabric on its lower side. A control unit is also provided, configured to control at least one actuator. The at least one actuator is connected to the at least one guiding unit to change the position of at least one guiding section of the guiding unit substantially along the fabric thickness direction. For the aforementioned control purpose, the control unit here processes information related to the fabric structure in the area where the weave board abuts the plane, according to a preferred variation.

[0008] In this aspect of the invention, the fabric structure in the area where the weft board abuts the plane is presupposed to guide the fabric in that area, i.e., in the area where the weft board abuts the plane, along the fabric thickness direction, i.e., generally perpendicular to the fabric surface. The term fabric structure herein includes the internal fabric structure, i.e., the direction of the warp and weft threads in the fabric according to the pattern, the thickness of the fabric in the area where the weft board abuts the plane, and / or the surface orientation of the fabric on the lower and / or upper sides of the fabric in the area where the weft board abuts the plane, including the thickness or corresponding fluctuations in the surface orientation along the warp and / or weft directions.

[0009] For example, optimal guidance can be achieved in fabrics having varying thicknesses along the weft and / or warp directions. In such "wavering" thicknesses, guidance of the fabric according to the invention prevents the warp threads from being removed from the fabric by ropes in the area where the weave board abuts the plane, or even moves the entire fabric out of the weave plane.

[0010] The term "at least one guide unit extending at least partially across the width of the fabric" is understood to mean that the fabric is guided in the area where the weft board abuts the plane, along the weft direction in at least one section, i.e., across the width of the fabric. Alternatively, multiple guide units extending side-by-side along the weft direction may be provided, with the ends of two adjacent guide units arranged, for example, close to each other or spaced apart. Different embodiments are possible in principle, as long as guidance is achieved in at least one section, and preferably across the entire width of the fabric.

[0011] The term "information relating to the fabric structure in the area where the weave board abuts the plane" is understood in particular as information that can be directly derived from the fabric structure, but also as information that is consistent with or takes into account the fabric structure. Favorable corresponding examples are then provided.

[0012] Particularly preferably, the control unit obtains the aforementioned fabric structure-related information from one or more sources mentioned later. According to a corresponding preferred embodiment, the fabric is guided in a pattern-controlled manner. For this purpose, the aforementioned information is stored directly or indirectly, for example, in the pattern design, i.e., in electronically stored fabric patterns, where the control unit utilizes this information. When stored directly in the pattern design, the pattern designer can incorporate this information into its programming. For this purpose, the pattern designer may use, for example, a special trajectory present in the pattern design, through which information for positioning at least one guide unit can be stored (e.g., bit-pattern encoded). This information is interpreted by the loom without requiring additional information directly used for positioning at least one guide unit.

[0013] When indirectly storing information in the context of selecting information for locating at least one guide unit, on the part of the programmer or loom operator, markers can be defined, for example, within a specific trajectory of the pattern, pointing to other sources with corresponding information stored on other parts of the loom or outside the loom, such as in the central controller of the textile mill. This information, for example, is the position that at least one guide unit should approach along the fabric thickness direction, which is then processed accordingly by the control unit to control at least one guide unit accordingly.

[0014] According to the alternative plan, regardless of the pattern, the control unit utilizes the storage unit, in which the corresponding information is stored. This utilization, achieved by the control unit, occurs rapidly and preferably simultaneously to read the actual pattern information from the pattern, thereby coordinating the fabric guidance with the fabric pattern in time.

[0015] The direct and indirect storage of information described in pattern designs or individual storage units are examples of information related to the fabric structure. In these cases, there is no direct or indirect relationship between the fabric structure and the information processed by the control unit, but there is an indirect or indirect relationship. The information mentioned is coordinated with the fabric structure, or the fabric structure is considered, for example, by the programmer or loom operator when establishing the information, in order to achieve the desired or set positioning of at least one guiding unit and thus the fabric in the area where the weave board abuts the plane.

[0016] In another alternative, a control unit is constructed such that the algorithm calculates the aforementioned information from the weave pattern stored in the pattern design. Here, instructions for fabric guidance are not programmed into the weave pattern, as is set up for the aforementioned situation. Instead, the algorithm is capable of calculating from the weave pattern itself the corresponding information for controlling at least one actuator for guiding the fabric along its thickness direction. Alternatively, the pattern designer has already used the previously mentioned algorithm when creating the pattern design, thus including instructions for the control unit in the pattern design provided to the loom.

[0017] In all the cases mentioned above, the pattern can be stored in the shed forming device, such as the controller of the jacquard device, or the central controller of the loom, or a higher-level controller, such as the central controller of the textile mill.

[0018] Another alternative is to not pre-store information for adjusting fabric guidance, but instead acquire that information during the weaving process. For this purpose, one or more sensors, such as at least one optical sensor and / or at least one ultrasonic sensor, can be used to analyze the fabric surface (as part of the fabric structure) in the area where the board abuts the plane and provide corresponding measurements to the control unit. The control unit calculates control commands for fabric guidance from the measurements. The aforementioned at least one sensor is here arranged in front of the board abutting the plane, preferably at the end of the board, and / or fixedly positioned between the guide device and the board, and / or below the fabric in the area where the board abuts the plane, and / or above the fabric in the area where the board abuts the plane.

[0019] The sources mentioned earlier can be provided to the control unit either alternatively or in any combination, from which the control unit obtains information related to the fabric structure.

[0020] Alternatively or additionally, relative to the information related to the fabric structure in the area abutting the weave board, the control unit processes information about the position of the warp threads in the open weaving shed, so as to subsequently control and position at least one guide unit along the fabric thickness direction accordingly. Possible collisions between the weft input device and the warp threads can be identified, for example, by directly observing the open weaving shed, and said collisions are prevented by correspondingly positioning at least one guide unit.

[0021] In embodiments of the invention, one or more sensors are configured to analyze the position of the warp threads in the open shed. At least one such sensor is configured as an optical sensor (e.g., in the form of a camera). Embodiments in the form of multiple lasers arranged, for example, overlapping each other, are also possible, with the lasers radiating through the shed at different heights. The analysis results regarding the shed are processed by a control unit for controlling at least one of the aforementioned actuators, for example, to move the fabric along the fabric thickness direction, thereby allowing the weft threads to be input through the open shed without collision with the warp threads.

[0022] The control unit is particularly preferably capable of controlling at least one actuator based on the aforementioned information related to or relating to the fabric structure and / or the position of the warp yarns in the open weave shed, thereby moving the fabric as a whole in the region of the weave plate abutment along the fabric thickness direction. This makes it possible for the weft input device for the weft yarn to be input to be guided through the weave shed without collision. The weft input device is preferably constructed as a clamp (and the loom is therefore a clamp loom). Especially in thick fabrics, for example, fabrics with a thickness greater than 5 mm, 10 mm, 20 mm, or 50 mm, by transferring the fabric along the fabric thickness direction, the weft input device can, for example, move through the weave shed by substantially the same distance as the warp yarns above and below forming the open weave shed. If the weft yarn is input, for example, in a multi-layered fabric, in a region on the fabric surface, then the connecting edge, i.e., the selvage on which the weave plate abuts in cross-section, moves relative to the neutral shed (which extends through the middle plane of the fabric) along the direction of the fabric surface. In order to allow the weft input device to move through the open shed without collision, the fabric preferably moves generally along the direction of the other surfaces of the fabric and along the thickness direction of the fabric in the area where the weft board abuts the plane.

[0023] Alternatively or additionally, the control unit is advantageously designed to control at least one of the guiding units for guiding the fabric along its thickness direction. Here, guidance can also be achieved without any shifting of the fabric as a whole along its thickness direction. The fabric can be guided, for example, in contact with its underside and / or topside, even in cases of thickness fluctuation, without shifting the neutral shed along its thickness direction.

[0024] According to a second aspect of the invention, the loom according to the invention has at least one guiding device having at least two guiding units extending at least partially in the width of the fabric, each guiding unit having at least one guiding section for contactively guiding the fabric in a region where the weave board abuts a flat surface, and which is substantially positionable along the fabric thickness direction. At least one upper guiding unit for guiding the fabric on the upper side of the fabric and at least one lower guiding unit for guiding the fabric on the lower side of the fabric are provided. Furthermore, the at least two guiding units are each connected to at least one actuator, and the guiding units are connected to a control unit, so that the guiding units can move not only in the same direction but also in opposite directions along the fabric thickness direction.

[0025] By designing a loom according to a second inventive aspect that can be combined with features of the first inventive aspect, high flexibility in guiding the fabric can be achieved. The fabric can be moved in one or another direction with respect to the fabric thickness using the unidirectional movement of two guide units; using opposite movements, the guide units can follow changes in fabric thickness.

[0026] Unrelated to this invention, according to an advantageous variation, one or more guide segments of only one lower or upper guide unit can be positioned along the fabric thickness direction, and only in one direction, while the other guide units remain stationary. This ensures that the corresponding guide segments can also follow thickness variations only on one side of the fabric.

[0027] Alternatively or additionally, one or more guide segments of only one guide unit may move in one direction by means of an actuator, while one or more guide segments of other guide units move together passively on other sides of the fabric, wherein the passive guide unit is loaded with a force, generated, for example, by a spring. Thus, in this embodiment, in the simplest variation, only a single actuator is necessary for the active movement of at least one guide segment. This design particularly relates to embodiments according to the first aspect of the invention.

[0028] Different designs for at least one, and preferably all, of the guide units can be implemented, independent of this invention. In one embodiment, at least one guide unit is constructed as a robust profile extending along the weft direction. This guide unit can be positioned along the fabric thickness direction by at least one actuator. Alternatively, at least one (or possibly more) guide units are constructed as passive or actively driven rollers. In passive rollers, the rollers are in rotational motion due to fabric movement (caused by the pull-out mechanism). In actively driven rollers, the peripheral speed of the rollers is preferably matched to the pull-out speed of the fabric. The same applies to embodiments where at least one guide unit is constructed as a wraparound belt.

[0029] It has proven advantageous that at least one of the aforementioned lower and / or upper guide units is provided in at least one and / or two subsequent regions: for the purpose of lateral guidance, i.e., for guiding the fabric at least along the longitudinal edges extending in the warp direction (including so-called pleats that are necessary adjacent to the actual main fabric), such lower and / or upper guidance is advantageously provided by one or more corresponding guide units. Alternatively or additionally preferred is that the fabric is guided lower and / or upper in the region adjacent to at least one of the longitudinal edges along the direction of the fabric center. For example, it is possible that the two longitudinal edges are guided by different guide units compared to the fabric area located between them (which may also be referred to as the main fabric). In other embodiments, the lower and / or upper guide units are provided for the longitudinal edges, while the main fabric and other longitudinal edges are guided or moved using a common lower and / or upper guide unit. All these measures generally improve the control of the fabric in the area where the fabric board abuts the plane as required.

[0030] The contact area between at least one guide section of at least one guide unit, and preferably between all guide sections of all guide units, is preferably within the range of 0 to 100 mm, measured along the longitudinal direction of the fabric from the point where the board abuts the plane, i.e., at the position of the board, at the point where it abuts the selvage. Preferably, the contact area is even between 0 and 50 mm.

[0031] Even when there are guide units that are typically used to guide the fabric from both sides along the fabric thickness direction, the fabric guide unit is preferably positioned along the fabric thickness direction so as to temporarily or continuously guide the fabric in contact only from its underside, only from its topside, and / or from its underside and topside in the area where the woven board abuts the plane.

[0032] Furthermore, it is advantageous to arrange the upper and / or lower guide units to move away from the fabric, and preferably also along the fabric thickness direction, so as to make it easier for the operator to access previously inaccessible loom parts, such as the yarn guides. Such movement of the guide units can be achieved purely mechanically, for example by means of a lever mechanism and / or by inputting corresponding commands to a control unit and controlling one or more drives accordingly.

[0033] According to a third aspect of the invention, at least one guiding device is provided, having at least one guiding unit extending at least partially across the width of the fabric, each guiding unit having at least one guiding section for contactively guiding the fabric in a region where the fabric plate abuts a plane. As in the first and second aspects of the invention, at least one upper guiding unit for guiding the fabric on the upper side of the fabric and at least one lower guiding unit for guiding the fabric on the lower side of the fabric are provided. Furthermore, one or more guiding sections of at least one guiding unit generally have a profile along the weft direction. The term profile is currently understood as the non-linear orientation of one or more guiding sections of at least one guiding unit contacting the fabric along the weft direction. Thus, variations in fabric thickness along the weft direction can be taken into account without causing one or more guiding sections to lose contact with the fabric along the weft direction.

[0034] The aforementioned profile can be implemented in different ways, in very simple cases as a continuous, i.e., coherent, non-linear profile viewed along the weft direction, either on a section of the fabric or over the entire width of the fabric. For example, at least one guide unit is robustly constructed so that it does not rotate about a rotation axis extending, for example, along the weft direction. Fabrics with a thickness orientation that differs along the weft direction but is constant along the warp direction can be advantageously guided in this manner.

[0035] According to the alternative design, the profile is achieved by actuators arranged sequentially along the weft direction, with each guide section belonging to one of the actuators, collectively forming a guide section. Here, each actuator and consequently its guide section can be adjusted individually, essentially along the fabric thickness direction. In this way, the fabric area in contact with the actuator can be guided precisely by appropriate control of the actuators. According to an extended version of the alternative design, the guide sections are preferably covered by a flexible encapsulation member, which covers the transition between adjacent guide sections, thus contributing to fabric protection.

[0036] In another alternative, the profile is achieved using continuous rollers having a rotation axis extending substantially parallel to the weft direction. Here, the rollers have a continuous profile forming the guide section. When the profile is constructed symmetrically about the rotation axis extending along the weft direction, it can also guide fabrics having a thickness profile that differs along the weft direction but remains constant in cross-section.

[0037] Alternatively, a roller with a rotation axis is provided, wherein the roller is divided into several segments arranged sequentially along the weft direction. In the type of camshaft, the segments have at least partially different diameters and / or are arranged eccentrically relative to the rotation axis. By rotating the roller along the production direction, fabric areas arranged side by side along the weft direction can be guided at different heights on their underside and / or above.

[0038] In a further variation, the roller is constructed from individual segments arranged sequentially along the weft direction. Here, one or more individual segments can each rotate about a longitudinal axis extending along the weft direction of the roller. Alternatively, multiple individual segments can each rotate about an axis extending eccentrically relative to this longitudinal axis. Overall, this design allows for consideration of varying fabric thickness along the weft direction, reliably ensuring fabric guidance.

[0039] The described design scheme not only takes into account changes in fabric thickness but also compensates for movement of connection points or edges along the fabric thickness direction, thereby guiding the fixture through the shed without collisions. For this purpose, the profile must be matched accordingly to the pattern sequence of the fabric.

[0040] According to a preferred improvement of the third aspect of the invention, at least one elastic element is arranged on at least one of the guide sections. Such an elastic element, particularly for protecting the fabric, is constructed, for example, as a hose loaded with compressed air or designed as a spring device. Preferably, at least one elastic element extends across the width of the fabric to guide the fabric at any location along the weft direction.

[0041] Preferably, at least one of the guide sections has a profile that bends and extends along the weft direction so that the correspondingly bendable fabric can be guided along the weft direction.

[0042] One or more guide sections forming the surface can be arranged in a fixed position or configured to be positionable, preferably positionable along the fabric thickness direction. In the latter case, this positionability can be achieved, for example, manually or by means of a control unit and one or more correspondingly controlled actuators, also within the scope of the first and / or second aspects of the invention.

[0043] The three previously mentioned aspects of the invention can be combined with each other in a pair or all in a mutually advantageous manner.

[0044] The looms according to different aspects of the invention are particularly preferably jacquard type, which enables the individual positioning of each cord and can also weave highly complex three-dimensional, i.e., relatively thick fabrics.

[0045] The fabric movement and fabric guidance according to different aspects of the invention can be combined in other ways with the known height movement of the clamps in the weaving shed, thereby further expanding the possibilities of application.

[0046] Each guiding device can also be considered as a separate invention in other respects, namely, as an inventive arrangement for installation in a loom.

[0047] This invention also relates to a method according to the invention. The corresponding features and advantages have been described in conjunction with the apparatus discussed above. Attached Figure Description

[0048] The invention will then be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings are considered as exemplary embodiments only, and various features may be combined with other embodiments. The same reference numerals denote elements with the same or the same function. Wherein: Figure 1 A schematic side view of an important component of a loom is shown; Figure 2 A schematic side view of the components in the area where the weave board abuts the plane is shown in a first embodiment of the loom, along with only one guide unit (no warp, no fabric). Figure 3 A schematic side view of the components in the area where the weave board abuts the plane is shown in the second embodiment of the loom, along with two guide units (without warp threads, without fabric). Figure 4 It shows that according to Figure 3 A schematic side view, now including the warp and fabric; Figure 5 It shows that according to Figure 4 A schematic side view, along with the descending fabric; Figure 6-9 Four alternative options for providing information to the control unit are shown; Figure 10 A schematic side view of a component of a loom with sensors for analyzing the fabric surface is shown; Figure 11 A schematic side view of a component of a loom with a sensor for analyzing an open weave shed is shown; Figure 12 A schematic side view of the components of a loom with a spring load on the lower guide unit is shown; Figure 13 A schematic side view of a component of a loom with a fabric having a thickness variation along the warp direction is shown. Figure 14 A schematic side view of a component of a loom with rollers movable in height as guide units is shown; Figure 15 A schematic side view of a component of a loom with a looped belt that can move in height as a guide unit is shown; Figure 16 A perspective view of the guiding device is shown; Figure 17 A top view of the fabric along with various guiding devices is shown; Figure 18-22 Different implementations of the guide unit are shown in longitudinal cross-sectional views (cross-sectional views along the latitudinal direction). Detailed Implementation

[0049] Figure 1 A schematic side view of a possible implementation of the loom 1 is shown. A plurality of warp threads 80 extending side-by-side are provided, for example, by a warp beam 2 (or alternatively by a bobbin), and are conveyed along the warp direction KR (see arrow) via a back beam 3 and after passing a warp monitor 4 to a shed forming device 5, whose opening device is preferably formed by known oscillating and opposingly movable yarns 6 to open or close the weaving shed 9. The shed forming device 5, according to a preferred embodiment, is of the jacquard type.

[0050] The weft input device 7 (shown schematically only) has a weft input instrument 8, currently configured as a thread clamp, and transmits the weft through an open weaving shed 9. Furthermore, the loom 1 has a weaving board 10, by which the input weft can be pressed against the so-called connection point 11 of the already formed fabric 82. The weaving board 10 is rotatably supported about an axis 10a for this purpose. The formed fabric 82 is pulled out by means of a pull-out device 12 (shown schematically only), for example, particularly horizontally in thicker fabrics, or for winding onto a cargo beam (not shown).

[0051] Control unit 15 is connected to and controls various drives. Here, drive 16 is connected to warp beam 2, drive 17 to shed forming device 5, drive 18 to weaving board 10, and another drive 19 to pull-out device 12. This drive design is only exemplarily selected. Other designs are readily achievable. Control unit 15 also detects sensor data (shown here for warp monitor 4) to ensure uninterrupted operation of loom 1. The aforementioned devices are connected to control unit 15 via signal transmission lines, as shown by dotted lines.

[0052] The present invention relates to guiding fabric 82 in the area where the woven board abuts a plane by means of one or more guiding devices. Figure 1 The shed forming device 5, the weft input device 7 with the weft input device 8, the weft board 10, and the pull-out device 12 shown and described are also present in one or more looms 1 according to the invention.

[0053] Figure 2 A guide device 30 is shown, comprising a lower L-shaped guide unit 34 in cross-section, the guide unit having a guide section 35 for contacting the lower side of the fabric. The lower guide section 34 is located near the weave plate abutting plane 14, i.e., in the plane abutting the weave plate 10 (in... Figure 2 The weft plate 10 is shown in solid lines in the open shed position and in dashed lines when it abuts against the selvage; in some figures, the abutting weft plate 10 is shown in dashed lines, while in others it is not shown to make the weft plate abutting against the plane 14 (guiding the fabric) more clearly visible. Optionally, and shown in dashed lines, there is an upper guide unit 32, which is L-shaped in cross-section and has a guide section 33, and is constructed rigidly and immovably in the present example. The upper guide unit 32 (if present) is used to guide the upper side of the fabric.

[0054] The lower guide unit 34 is connected to the driver 39, which is connected to the control unit 15. The control unit controls the driver 39 so that the lower guide unit 34 moves in the direction of arrow f2, i.e., in the direction of fabric thickness, so as to guide the fabric from the underside of the fabric. It is also possible (not shown) that the upper guide unit 32 is moved in the direction of fabric thickness G by the driver connected to the control unit 15, wherein, optionally, for example, a rigid lower guide unit 34 may be present.

[0055] Figure 3 The image shows a guide device 30, which currently comprises two overlapping guide units 32, 34. The upper guide unit 32 is placed (in...) Figure 3 Above the fabric (not shown), the guide unit 32, 34 is arranged below the fabric. In the embodiment shown with a non-limiting design, the two guide units 32, 34 are L-shaped in cross-section, wherein each guide unit 32, 34 has two mutually pointing guide sections 33 or 35 for contacting the fabric near the weft abutment plane 14. The weft abutment plane 14 is the plane on which the weft board 10 abuts against the fabric 82 after the weft yarn is introduced.

[0056] The two guide units 32, 34 are further connected to the actuator 38 or 39, which itself is connected to the control unit 15. The control unit 15 controls the two actuators 38, 39 such that the actuators can move the guide units 32, 34 relative to each other or in opposite directions and in the same direction, as indicated by the corresponding arrows f1 and f2 (according to the second aspect of the invention described above). In the clamped fabric 82 (see...) Figure 4 This is the fabric thickness direction G, which extends parallel to the weave board abutting plane 14.

[0057] The upper and / or lower guide units 32, 34 preferably extend along the weft direction over the entire width of the fabric. Alternatively, the extension may also be made only over a portion of the fabric. Multiple upper and / or lower guide units 32, 34 extending side by side along the weft direction may also be implemented.

[0058] exist Figure 3 The distance d is not drawn to scale, but is measured from the weft abutment plane 14 along the longitudinal direction GR of the fabric (extending parallel to the warp direction KR). Distance d indicates a preferred area where the guide units 32, 34 guide the fabric 82 in contact, wherein the guidance need not be across the entire area, but can be located within this area. The area having a distance d from the weft abutment plane 14 preferably extends from 0 to 100 mm along the longitudinal direction GR of the fabric, particularly preferably between 0 and 50 mm.

[0059] exist Figure 4 The diagram shows the loom 1 and its... Figure 3 The same segment diagram is shown, however this time with warp threads 80a, 80b and fabric 82. The fabric shown here is relatively thick, for example, thicker than 10 mm, or even thicker than 20 mm, or more, with a maximum thickness of 100 mm or more also possible. Layered weaving is shown, achieved by the weft threads following a meander pattern 89, where the weaving shed 9 changes from top to bottom or bottom to top in this simplest case, thus ensuring the weft sequence continues continuously in the vertical direction. The fabric 82 thus formed is constructed layer by layer.

[0060] Figure 4 This reflects the state of guide units 32 and 34 when they are in the neutral layer, that is, when the positions of guide units 32 and 34 do not change along the fabric thickness direction G. Figure 4 The uppermost layer of fabric 82 is produced in the middle, where the weft input device 8 guides the yarn through the open weaving shed 9. The weaving shed 9 is created by the upper warp yarns 80a and the lower warp yarns 80b, for example, by controlling actuators for the corresponding yarns in the case of a shed forming device constructed as a jacquard machine. Thus, from the outer... Figure 4 As can be seen, position 11a, based on the relatively large thickness of fabric 82, has a large distance from the neutral shed nF; the use of the term "connection point" here is misleading. The thicker fabric is more accurately described as a "connection edge," which is perpendicular in the cross-sectional view and extends in the attached plane. This position, in the present case, is the initial point of warp threads 80a, 80b along the direction of the open weaving shed 9, which extends along the warp direction KR at the height of the weft input device 8. This again establishes a relatively large distance a1 between the weft input device and the upper warp thread 80a, or a relatively small distance a2 between it and the lower warp thread 80b. Based on the very small distance a2, the great danger is that the weft input device 8, as it passes through the open weaving shed 9, collides with the lower warp thread 80b, which will stop the weaving process and cause damage to fabric 82 and the conveyed warp threads 80.

[0061] It should also be noted that the two meridians shown, 80a and 80b, are in... Figure 4 The orientation shown is only an example, as the two warp threads 80a and 80b converge non-mandatorily at position 11a. Conversely, depending on the fabric 82, it is also possible that the upper warp thread 80a further abuts against the fabric 82 below, while the lower warp thread 80b abuts above the upper warp thread 80.

[0062] According to the invention, the fabric 82 moves along the fabric thickness direction G by means of at least one guide unit 32, 34, so that the weft input device 8 can be guided through the open weaving shed 9 without collision. Figure 4In the middle, the two guide units 32 and 34 move downward (see arrows f1 and f2), so that position 11a is substantially at the height of the neutral shed nF and the distances a1 and a2 from the weft input device 8 are substantially the same, for example in Figure 5 As shown in the diagram. Therefore, the weft input device 8 can pass through the open weaving shed 9 without collision.

[0063] In other words, when based on Figure 4 For example, when the uppermost (or topmost) layer of fabric 82 is woven according to the fabric pattern stored in the pattern design, fabric 82 descends based on the corresponding information using guide units 32, 34, which is caused by control unit 15 through control drivers 38, 39 (see [link to example]). Figure 5 ).

[0064] The control unit 15 processes information in response to the control guide units 32, 34 (according to the first aspect of the invention described above), the information relating to the structure of the fabric 82 in the area where the weave board abuts the plane 14. The information includes, for example, the positions of the warp threads to be subsequently introduced into the fabric 82, which is particularly important in the case of thicker fabrics, such as from… Figure 4 and 5 As can be seen in these figures, the control unit 15 is connected to the storage unit 25, which prepares information for the control unit 15. The control unit converts this information into instructions for the drivers 38 and 39, which are used to position the guide units 32 and 34 along the fabric thickness direction G. Figures 6 to 9 The image shows a special design scheme for this arrangement.

[0065] According to Figure 6 The storage unit 25 stores the pattern 26 for the fabric 82. According to the design, not only the fabric pattern but also additional information is stored in the pattern 26 itself. This information includes, for example, that the layer to be woven is the uppermost layer in the fabric 82, and therefore the guide units 32 and 34 descend half the fabric thickness along the fabric thickness direction G to allow the weft input device 8 to achieve a collision-free traverse of the open weave shed 9. This information can also be stored in the pattern 26 as direct control instructions, which are converted by the control unit 15 into control commands for the drives 38 and 39. Therefore, all this information relates to the current fabric structure on the selvage 83 or in the area where the weave board abuts the plane 14.

[0066] According to Figure 7The alternative shown schematically, in addition to the fabric pattern, also stores separate information, such as markers, in the pattern pattern stored in storage unit 25. These markers reference data trajectory 27, also stored in storage unit 25, which contains the aforementioned information for the control unit 15 used to subsequently control the drives 38 and 39. The information in data trajectory 27 is here synchronized with the instructions for the shed forming device 5 and the weft input device 7. Thus, when reading the pattern pattern 26, the control unit 15 also reads data trajectory 27 substantially simultaneously via the markers.

[0067] Figure 8 An alternative solution is shown. There, in addition to the first storage unit 25, a second storage unit 28 is provided, where the pattern 26 defining the fabric pattern is stored in the first storage unit. The second storage unit 28 stores information related to the fabric structure in the area where the weave board abuts the plane 14. The control unit 15 uses this information and processes it synchronously with the actual current fabric position on the selvage 83 or the weave board abutting the plane 14 to control the drivers 38 and 39 for the guide units 32 and 34.

[0068] According to Figure 9 Another alternative, schematically illustrated, involves calculating control instructions for the drives 38 and 39 directly from the pattern pattern 26 stored in the storage unit 25—that is, from the electronically stored weaving pattern—using a correspondingly constructed algorithm 29. This calculation advantageously continues during the weaving process, wherein algorithm 29 is executed, for example, by the control unit 15 (thus in...). Figure 9 (as shown in the diagram), or executed by other computing units (not shown) (which then forward the corresponding information to the control unit 15). According to an alternative, the algorithm has already been used when creating the pattern 26 so that the information mentioned for controlling the drives 38, 39 has been introduced or stored in the pattern 26 in advance, and the information is then sequentially recalled by the control unit 15 during the weaving operation.

[0069] Figure 10 An alternative embodiment according to the invention is shown, in which the control unit 15 receives, for example, the aforementioned information for controlling the drives 38, 39. Figure 10 In the illustrated variant, sensor 50 is positioned above the upper side 84 of fabric 82 and connected to control unit 15. Sensor 50 is configured, for example, as an ultrasonic sensor or an optical sensor and detects the surface of fabric 82, as shown by beam cone 51. Control unit can determine, in particular, whether fabric 82 must move downwards or upwards by means of guide units 32, 34 for interference-free weaving operations from the distance between the surface of fabric 82 and sensor 50.

[0070] The arrangement of sensor 50 is merely exemplary. Alternatively or additionally, the sensor may detect the underside 85 of fabric 82. More than one or two sensors are also possible. Again, alternatively or additionally, one or more sensors may be arranged on the end side of fabric 10, and / or fixedly arranged between one or two guides 32, 34 and fabric 10, wherein at least one of the aforementioned sensors is arranged in front of the fabric against the plane.

[0071] Figure 11 Alternative configurations for controlling drivers 38 and 39 are shown. A sensor 55 is provided here, which analyzes the position of warp threads 80 (80a, 80b) in the open shed 9. Sensor 55 is preferably configured as an optical sensor, and particularly preferably as a camera, arranged on the side of the shed 9 and detecting the open shed 9 along the weft direction (i.e., perpendicular to the plane of the paper), as shown by region 56 where the open shed 9 is detected along the weft direction. The optical sensor analyzes the open shed 9, and in particular, determines the position of warp threads 80a, 80b in the shed 9, in order to specifically identify possible collisions between the weft input device 8 and the warp threads 80a, 80b. Sensor 55 transmits the measurement results or, after calculation, the analysis results to control unit 15 (see dashed lines), which then processes the results to control drivers 38 and 39.

[0072] Figure 12 The diagram illustrates the guidance of fabric 82 in the area where the woven board abuts the flat surface, wherein the upper guide unit 32 is actively positioned along the fabric thickness direction G by an actuator 38, while the lower guide unit 34 passively follows. For this purpose, the lower guide unit 34 is loaded with spring force, for example, by one or more springs 20, as shown in... Figure 12 As schematically illustrated, if the upper guide unit 32 moves upward, the spring force causes the lower guide unit 34 to press the fabric 82 from below, thus maintaining constant contact between the lower guide unit 34 and the fabric 82. This arrangement has the particular advantage of a simple structure. It is also clearly possible that the lower guide unit 34 actively positions itself using an actuator, while passively tracking the upper guide unit 32.

[0073] Figure 13An example is shown where fabric 82 is woven along the warp direction KR with varying thickness to meet specific requirements for subsequent use. To guide fabric 82 consistently along the fabric thickness direction G in the area where the weaving board abuts plane 14 during the weaving process, two guide units 32, 34 are tracked while maintaining a consistent match to the corresponding fabric thickness. This includes the necessary reverse movement of the two guide units 32, 34 along the fabric thickness direction G, caused by control commands from control unit 15 to drivers 38, 39 (see also arrows f1 and f2). However, positioning of the two guide units 32, 34 in a common direction is also possible, especially when the fabric structure vibrating upwards or downwards should be woven along the warp direction KR, for example, when woven at a constant fabric thickness.

[0074] The reverse movement of the two guide units 32 and 34 with respect to the fabric thickness direction G when the fabric thickness changes along the warp direction KR can also be achieved by means of at least one active guide unit 32 or 34 on one fabric side, and by means of at least one passive guide unit 34 or 32 on the other fabric side, such as a spring-loaded guide unit.

[0075] The matching of the fabric thickness along the warp direction KR by the guide units 32 and 34 can be easily combined with the movement of the fabric as a whole along the fabric thickness direction in the area where the weaving plate abuts the plane 14, for example, especially according to Figure 4 and 5 Further details have been provided above.

[0076] Figure 14 and 15 The text shows the data based on... Figure 2-13 Two alternative designs for the L-shaped guide unit 32. According to... Figure 14 The guide unit 32 is configured as an actively driven or passive roller (see rotation direction). According to... Figure 15 The guide unit 32 is configured as an actively driven or passively wound belt, which, like the rollers, can also be used to transport the fabric 82 along the warp direction KR. The rollers and the wound belt are preferably positioned at this height along the fabric thickness direction G, as shown, for example, by arrows f1 and f2. The drive and control unit are not shown at this time.

[0077] Figure 16The diagram shows a perspective view of a possible embodiment of the guide device 30, which includes an upper guide unit 32 and a lower guide unit 34. The two guide units 32 and 34 are constructed as robust, L-shaped profiles extending along the weft direction SR. The upper guide unit 32 is connected by a vertical beam 40 to a transverse profile 41 extending parallel to the guide unit 32. The transverse profile is in turn connected at both ends (only one shown) to a drive profile 42 (actuator 38 acts on the drive profile) to position the guide unit 32 along the fabric thickness direction G. The drive profile 42 is shown only schematically and may, for example, include a rack with a pinion driven by the drive 38 acting on it. Different designs are possible to move the guide unit 32 along the fabric direction by means of the drive 38.

[0078] According to the illustrated embodiment, the lower guide unit 34 is connected to a fixed machine component 46 via a double pivoting mechanism 45. The double pivoting mechanism has two overlapping pivot arms 47, one end of which is pivotally connected to a vertical beam about a pivot axis 47a, and the other end of which is pivotally connected to a vertical beam 48 about a pivot axis 47b. The vertical beam 48 itself is connected on one hand to the lower guide unit 34, which is L-shaped in cross-section, and on the other hand to a transverse profile 49 extending parallel to the guide unit 34. An actuator 39 acts on the transverse profile, which can move upward and downward in a controlled and defined manner by means of coupling with the double pivoting mechanism 45 (see double arrow f2). Although the lower guide unit 34 here undergoes minimal pivoting movement via the double pivoting mechanism 45, this is insignificant compared to movement along the fabric thickness direction, accompanied by movement of the guide section 35 of the lower guide unit 34 along the warp direction KR or opposite to the warp direction.

[0079] Figure 17 The diagram shows a top view of fabric 82 and various guide units 32, which are responsible for guiding the upper side 84 of the fabric in different fabric regions. The middle guide unit 32 is responsible for guiding the following fabric region between the longitudinal edges 86 (also referred to as selvages) of the two sides of fabric 82 extending along the warp direction (KR), wherein the guide unit 32 abuts against the upper side 84 of fabric 82 in the region where the selvage 83 or the weave board abuts against the plane 14 (according to...). Figure 2-16 (Implementation scheme). This portion of fabric 82 is also referred to as the main fabric. Two external guide units 32 are arranged oppositely to guide the longitudinal edges 86 of fabric 82. This task allocation for guiding fabric 82 is meaningful, for example, when the longitudinal edges 86 on the sides of fabric 82 have different thicknesses, for example, based on a smaller number of layers compared to the main fabric. In this case, the corresponding connecting edges can be individually adjusted for different fabric areas.

[0080] Preferably, corresponding guide units are also provided on the underside of the fabric. One or more of these guide units can be configured to guide the main fabric, and one or more other guide units can be configured to guide the longitudinal edges 86 on the sides. Preferably, all active guide units are controlled by a control unit 15 and corresponding drivers.

[0081] In an embodiment not shown, there is an upper (and / or lower) guide unit 32 for one of the longitudinal edges 86, while the main fabric and other longitudinal edges 86 are guided or moved using a common upper (and / or lower) guide unit 32.

[0082] Figure 17 The distance d is shown in the figure, which is as follows: Figure 3 As described, a region is defined from the weaving board abutting plane 14 along the longitudinal direction GR of the fabric (which coincides with the warp direction KR), and the guide unit 32 is preferably arranged in this region.

[0083] Figure 18-22 Different embodiments of guide devices 130, 230, 330 (only a portion of each) with guide units 132, 232, 332, cut along the weft direction SR are shown, each having different profiles 136, 236, 336 in its guide sections 133, 233, 333 (these designs relate to a third aspect of the invention). As implemented above, guide sections 133, 233, 333 respectively contact the upper side 84 (not shown) of the fabric 82. It should be understood that, in Figure 18-22 The profiles 136, 236, and 336 shown may alternatively or additionally be present on the guide unit on the lower side 85 for guiding the fabric 82. It is also possible that the aforementioned profiles 136, 236, and 336 are provided on the upper or lower sides 84 and 85 (using an actively driven or passive guide unit), and flat profile sections (such as those shown in...) are provided on the lower or upper sides 85 and 84. Figure 2-16 (as in the middle). It is also possible that the guide section of the upper guide unit has a different shape than the guide section of the lower guide unit.

[0084] What is common to all the profiles 136, 236, and 336 described more precisely thereafter is that the profile can guide fabric 82 with different thicknesses along the weft direction SR, so that, for example, when the shed is opened, the individual warp threads are not removed from the unguided areas of the fabric. Figure 18-22The guide units 132, 232, and 332 preferably extend along the weft direction over the entire width of the fabric. Alternatively, they may extend only over a portion of the fabric. Multiple guide units 132, 232, and 332 extending side-by-side along the weft direction may also be implemented (alternatively and / or additionally, there may be corresponding guide units below the surface structure for guiding the fabric on the underside of the fabric).

[0085] according to Figure 18 The guide section 133 of the guide unit 132 has a profile 136 that is continuously constructed along the weft direction SR and matches the corresponding surface profile of the upper side 84 of the fabric 82. The guide unit 132 can be constructed rigidly, or for example, as a roller, in which case it is preferably constructed symmetrically about a rotation axis extending along the weft direction.

[0086] Figure 19 The embodiment is characterized in that the profile 236 of the guide unit 232 has actuators 237 arranged sequentially along the weft direction SR, each having a correspondingly associated guide portion section 233a that generally forms the guide section 233. Each actuator 237 and, consequently, its guide portion section 233a can be individually adjusted along the fabric thickness direction G by means of (control unit 15, not shown) so as to respond to thickness fluctuations of the fabric 82 along the weft direction SR defined in the weave pattern, especially during weaving operations, and thus always ensure optimal fabric guidance.

[0087] according to Figure 20 Implementation methods and Figure 19 The only difference in the implementation is that the guide section 233a is covered with a flexible encapsulation 238, which covers the transition between the guide sections 233a and thus protects the fabric 82 upon contact.

[0088] Figure 21 Implementation methods and Figure 19 and 21 The difference in the implementation method lies in that the elastic element 239 is arranged on the guide section 233, which is configured as a hose loaded with compressed air. According to... Figure 21 The illustration shows the lower outline of the hose in one state, in which the hose is in contact with the fabric 82 (not shown) that is drawn in the outline.

[0089] exist Figure 22In this configuration, the profile 336 of the guide unit 332 is achieved solely by a roller 337, which is rotatably supported about a rotation axis 339 extending parallel to the weft direction SR, and is preferably actively in rotational motion (see arrow f4). The roller 337 has a plurality of segments 338 arranged sequentially along the weft direction SR, each segment having a different diameter, and is further arranged at least partially eccentrically relative to the rotation axis 339.

[0090] Using segmented surfaces (as exemplarily, using according to) Figure 18-22 As described in the implementation scheme, the different layers along the weft direction of the formed weave shed 9 can also be compensated for in terms of fabric thickness. Here, the example is the longitudinal edge 86 of the side of fabric 82 already described above and the main fabric between the longitudinal edges 86 of the two sides. By using a suitable profile, for example using according to Figure 18 The continuous surface 136 or by means of... Figure 19-21 The actuator 237 can also achieve reliable fabric guidance under such thickness variations.

[0091] The embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings can be combined in different ways. Therefore, a third aspect of the invention is illustrated by way of example. Figure 18-22 The guiding units 132, 232, and 332 can, for example, be connected to... Figure 1-17 The control unit 15 shown is combined with the remaining auxiliary devices, which are constructed according to the first and / or second aspects of the invention.

[0092] List of reference numerals 1 loom 2 warp axis 3 rear beams 4 meridian monitors 5. Roof Forming Device 6-line rope 7-Latitude Input Device 8-line input device 9. Woven shed 10 woven boards 10a Rotation axis 11 connection points 11a position 12 Pull-out devices 14. The woven board rests against the flat surface. 15 control units 16 drives 17 drives 18 drives 19 drives 20 springs 25 storage units 26 patterns 27 data trajectories 28 Second storage unit 29 Algorithm 30 guiding devices 32-stage guide unit 33 Guide Section 34 guiding units 35 Guide Section 38 drives 39 drives 40 vertical beams 41 Horizontal Profiles 42 drive profile 45. Double pivot mechanism 46 Fixed machine parts 47 Pivot Arm 47a Pivot Axis 47b Pivot axis 48 vertical beams 49 Horizontal Profiles 50 sensors 51 beam cone 55 sensors 56 areas to be detected 80 meridian Meridian above 80a Meridian below 80b 82 Fabric 83 embroidery 84 The upper side of the fabric 85 The underside of the fabric 86. The longitudinal edge of the side of the fabric 89-fold pattern 130 guiding device 132 Guide Unit 133 Guide Section 136 type surface 230 guiding device 232 Guide Unit 233 Guide Section 233a guide section 236 type surface 237 actuator 238 packages sealed 239 Elastic Element 330 Guiding Device 332 Guide Unit 333 Guide Section 336 type surface 337 roller Section 338 339 Rotation Axis G Fabric thickness direction Direction of motion f1-f4 nF neutral shed KR meridian direction SR latitude direction GR fabric longitudinal direction Distances between a1 and a2 d Distance.

Claims

1. A loom (1), comprising: a shed forming device (5) for opening and closing a weaving shed (9) formed by a plurality of warp threads (80, 80a, 80b); a weft input device (7) having a weft input device (8) for inputting weft threads through the open weaving shed (9); a weaving board (10) for pressing the input weft threads against the selvage; and a pull-out device (12) for pulling out the fabric (82), characterized in that: - At least one guiding device (30) having at least one guiding unit (32, 34) extending at least partially over the width of the fabric, each guiding unit having at least one guiding section (33, 35) positioned along the fabric thickness direction (G), the guiding section for contactively guiding the fabric (82) in the region where the fabric board abuts the plane (14), wherein at least one guiding unit (32) is provided for guiding the upper part of the fabric (82) on the upper side (84) of the fabric and / or at least one guiding unit (34) is provided for guiding the lower part of the fabric (82) on the lower side (85) of the fabric, and - Control unit (15), the control unit being configured to control at least one driver (38, 39), the driver being connected to at least one guide unit (32, 34) for changing the position of at least one guide section (33, 35) of the guide unit along the fabric thickness direction (G), wherein the control unit (15) is for controlling the processing of information related to the fabric structure in the area of ​​the weave board abutting the plane (14) and / or information about the position of the warp threads (80, 80a, 80b) in the open weaving shed (9).

2. The loom (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control unit (15) obtains the information related to the fabric structure in the area where the woven board abuts the plane (14) from one or more sources, namely - A pattern (26) stored in a storage unit (25), the information being stored directly or indirectly in the pattern, and the control unit (15) using the information; - In addition to the second storage unit (28) which is provided in the first storage unit (25) containing the pattern (26) of the woven pattern, the second storage unit (28) is quickly read by the control unit (15) along with the information in the pattern (26); - Algorithm (29), which establishes the information for control unit (15) when establishing pattern (26) and stores it in pattern (26), or calculates the information from pattern (26) that does not yet contain information during continuous weaving operation and provides it to control unit (15); and / or - One or more sensors (50) for analyzing the fabric surface, wherein the at least one sensor (50) is arranged in front of the woven board abutment plane (14), and / or is fixedly arranged between the guide units (32, 34) and the woven board (10), and / or is arranged below the fabric (82) in the area of ​​the woven board abutment plane (14), and / or is arranged above the fabric (82) in the area of ​​the woven board abutment plane (14).

3. The loom (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The loom (1) refers to a clamp loom.

4. The loom (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control unit (15) obtains the information related to the fabric structure in the area where the woven board abuts the plane (14) from one or more sources, namely - A pattern (26) stored in a storage unit (25), the information being stored directly or indirectly in the pattern, and the control unit (15) using the information; - A second storage unit (28) is provided in addition to the pattern (26) containing the woven pattern stored in the first storage unit (25), which is read by the control unit (15) along with the information in the pattern (26); - Algorithm (29), which establishes the information for control unit (15) when establishing pattern (26) and stores it in pattern (26), or calculates the information from pattern (26) that does not yet contain information during continuous weaving operation and provides it to control unit (15); and / or - At least one optical sensor and / or at least one ultrasonic sensor for analyzing the fabric surface, wherein the at least one optical sensor and / or at least one ultrasonic sensor is arranged on the end side of the fabric plate (10), and / or is fixedly arranged between the guide unit (32, 34) and the fabric plate (10), and / or is arranged below the fabric (82) in the area where the fabric plate abuts the plane (14), and / or is arranged above the fabric (82) in the area where the fabric plate abuts the plane (14).

5. The loom (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, One or more sensors (55) configured as optical sensors are set up to analyze the position of warp threads (80, 80a, 80b) in the open weaving shed (9), wherein the analysis results are processed as said information by a control unit (15) for controlling at least one of said drives (38, 39).

6. The loom (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The control unit (15) is configured such that it can control at least one driver (38, 39) based on the information, so that the fabric (82) as a whole moves along the fabric thickness direction (G) in the area of ​​the weft board abutment so as to guide the weft input device (8) configured as a clamp for the weft to be input through the weaving shed (9) without collision.

7. The loom (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The control unit (15) is configured such that it can control at least one actuator (38, 39) based on the information so that the fabric (82) is guided in contact with the area of ​​the fabric board abutting the plane (14) on its upper and / or lower sides (84, 85) without forcibly moving the fabric (82) as a whole along the fabric thickness direction (G).

8. The loom (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising: a shed forming device (5) for opening and closing a weaving shed (9) formed by a plurality of warp threads (80, 80a, 80b); a weft input device (7) having a weft input device (8) for inputting weft threads through the open weaving shed (9); a weaving board (10) for abutting the input weft threads against the selvage; and a pull-out device (12) for pulling out the fabric (82), characterized in that: At least one guiding device (30) having at least two guiding units (32, 34) extending at least partially in the width of the fabric, each guiding unit having at least one guiding section (33, 35) positioned in the fabric thickness direction (G) to guide the fabric (82) in contact with the area of ​​the fabric board abutting the plane (14), wherein at least one upper guiding unit (32) for guiding the fabric (82) on the upper side (84) of the fabric and at least one lower guiding unit (34) for guiding the fabric (82) on the lower side (85) of the fabric are provided, and wherein the at least two guiding units (32, 34) are respectively connected to at least one driver (38, 39) connected to the control unit (15), such that the guiding units are capable of moving in both the same direction and the opposite direction in the fabric thickness direction (G).

9. The loom (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The guide sections (33, 35) of at least one upper and at least one lower guide unit (32, 34) can be positioned along the fabric thickness direction (G) by means of one or more actuators as follows: - The guide sections (33, 35) of the two guide units (32, 34) are aligned in the same direction; - The guide sections (33, 35) of the two guide units (32, 34) are in opposite directions; - Only one guide unit (34) has its guide section (35) moving in one direction, while the other guide units (32) remain stationary; and / or - Only one guide unit (32) has its guide section (33) moving in one direction, while the guide sections (35) of the other guide units (34) move together passively on the other sides of the fabric (82), wherein the passive guide unit (34) is loaded with a force generated by a spring.

10. The loom (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, At least one guide unit (32, 34) is constructed as a robust profile extending in the weft direction, and is constructed as a passive or active driven roller or as a wraparound belt.

11. The loom (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, At least one of the lower and / or upper guide units (32, 34) is arranged in the region of the longitudinal edge (86) of at least one side of the fabric (82) extending in the warp direction (KR), and / or in the region of the section of the fabric (82) adjacent to such longitudinal edge (86) toward the middle of the fabric.

12. The loom (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, At least one guide section (33, 35) of at least one guide unit (32, 34) is arranged such that it contacts the fabric (82) on the upper and / or lower side (84, 85) of the fabric in an area having a distance (d) of 0 to 100 mm measured by the weave board abutment plane (14) along the longitudinal direction of the fabric.

13. The loom (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, All guide sections (33, 35) of all guide units (32, 34) are arranged such that they contact the fabric (82) on the upper and / or lower side (84, 85) of the fabric in an area having a distance (d) of 0 to 50 mm measured by the weave board abutment plane (14) along the longitudinal direction of the fabric.

14. The loom (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, One or more guide units (32, 34) are capable of positioning along the fabric thickness direction (G) according to at least one subsequent possibility: - In the area where the woven board abuts the plane (14), the fabric (82) is only contacted from the top side (84). - In the area where the woven board abuts the plane (14), the fabric (82) is only in contact with the lower side (85); - In the area where the woven board abuts the plane (14), the fabric (82) is contacted not only from the top but also from the bottom (84, 85).

15. The loom (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising: a shed forming device (5) for opening and closing a weaving shed (9) formed by a plurality of warp threads (80, 80a, 80b); a weft input device (7) having a weft input device (8) for inputting weft threads through the open weaving shed (9); a weaving board (10) for abutting the input weft threads against the selvage; and a pull-out device (12) for pulling out the fabric (82), characterized in that: - At least one guiding device (130; 230; 330) having at least one guiding unit (132; 232; 332) extending at least partially across the width of the fabric, the guiding unit having at least one guiding section (133; 233; 333) each locating along the fabric thickness direction (G), the guiding section being used to contactively guide the fabric (82) in the area where the fabric board abuts against the plane (14), wherein at least one guiding unit (132; 232; 332) is provided for guiding the fabric (82) above on the upper side (84) of the fabric and / or at least one guiding unit is provided for guiding the fabric (82) below on the lower side (85) of the fabric, wherein one or more guiding sections (133; 233; 333) of at least one guiding unit (132, 232, 332) generally have a profile (136; 236; 336) along the weft direction (SR).

16. The loom (1) according to claim 15, characterized in that, The profile (136; 236; 336) of at least one guide section (133; 233; 333) of at least one guide unit (132; 232; 332) is implemented according to at least one subsequent design scheme: - View the continuous profile (136) along the parallel of latitude (SR); - Each actuator (237) arranged sequentially along the weft direction (SR) together with its respective guide section (233a), the guide section generally forming a guide section (233), wherein each actuator (237) and its guide section (233a) can also be individually adjusted along the fabric thickness direction (G), wherein the guide section (233a) is covered by a flexible encapsulation member (238), the encapsulation member covering the transition between the guide sections (233a); - A continuous roller having a rotation axis extending parallel to the weft direction (SR), wherein the roller has a continuous profile forming a guide section; - A roller (337) having a rotation axis (339) extending parallel to the weft direction (SR), wherein the roller (337) has segments (338) arranged sequentially along the weft direction (SR), the segments having at least partially different diameters and / or eccentric arrangements relative to the rotation axis (339). - A roller constructed from individual segments arranged sequentially along the latitudinal direction (SR), wherein one or more of the individual segments are respectively rotatable about a longitudinal axis extending along the latitudinal direction of the roller and / or about an axis extending eccentrically relative to the longitudinal axis.

17. The loom (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, At least one elastic element (238) is arranged on at least one of the guide sections (233) and configured as a hose or spring device loaded with compressed air, wherein at least one elastic element (238) extends over the width of the fabric.

18. The loom (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, At least one of the guide sections (132) has a profile that bends and extends along the weft direction (SR) for guiding the fabric (82) that bends and extends accordingly along the weft direction (SR).

19. The loom (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The control unit (15) is configured such that it can control at least one driver (38, 39) based on the information, so that the fabric (82) as a whole moves along the fabric thickness direction (G) in the area of ​​the weft board abutment so as to guide the weft input device (8), which is configured as a clamp for the weft to be input, through the weaving shed (9) without collision, using the same distance as the warp threads (80, 80a, 80b) above and below that form the open weaving shed (9).

20. A method for guiding a fabric (82) in a loom (1), wherein the method is carried out in a loom (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein the method comprises the following steps: - The fabric (82) is guided by at least one guiding device (30) on the upper and / or lower sides (84, 85) of the fabric, in the area where the weave board abuts the plane (14), wherein the guiding device (30) has at least one guiding unit (32, 34) extending at least partially in the width of the fabric, each having at least one guiding section (33, 35) that can be positioned along the fabric thickness direction (G), wherein the upper guiding unit (32) guides the upper side (84) of the fabric (82) along the fabric thickness direction (G), and / or the lower guiding unit (34) guides the lower side (85) along the fabric thickness direction. - The control unit (15) controls at least one driver (38, 39) connected to at least one guide unit (32, 34) for changing the position of at least one guide section (33, 35) along the fabric thickness direction (G), wherein information related to the fabric structure in the area abutting the weave board against the plane (14) and / or information about the position of the warp threads (80, 80a, 80b) in the open weaving shed (9) is provided to the control unit (15) for the purpose of the control.

21. The method according to claim 20, characterized in that, The control unit (15) obtains the information from one or more subsequent sources: - A pattern (26) stored in a storage unit (25), the information being stored directly or indirectly in the pattern, and the control unit (15) using the information; - In addition to the second storage unit (28) which is provided in the first storage unit (25) containing the pattern (26) of the woven pattern, the second storage unit (28) is quickly read by the control unit (15) along with the information in the pattern (26); - Algorithm (29), which establishes the information for control unit (15) when establishing pattern (26) and stores it in pattern (26), or calculates the information from pattern (26) that does not yet contain information during continuous weaving operation and provides it to control unit (15). - One or more sensors (50) for analyzing the fabric surface, wherein the at least one sensor (50) is arranged in front of the fabric abutment plane (14), and / or is fixedly arranged between the guide units (32, 34) and the fabric (10), and / or is arranged below the fabric (82) in the area of ​​the fabric abutment plane (14), and / or is arranged above the fabric (82) in the area of ​​the fabric abutment plane (14); and / or - One or more sensors (55) for analyzing the position of the warp threads (80, 80a, 80b) in the open weaving shed (9).

22. The method according to claim 20, characterized in that, The control unit (15) obtains the information from one or more subsequent sources: - A pattern (26) stored in a storage unit (25), the information being stored directly or indirectly in the pattern, and the control unit (15) using the information; - A second storage unit (28) is provided in addition to the pattern (26) containing the woven pattern stored in the first storage unit (25), which is read by the control unit (15) along with the information in the pattern (26); - Algorithm (29), which establishes the information for control unit (15) when establishing pattern (26) and stores it in pattern (26), or calculates the information from pattern (26) that does not yet contain information during continuous weaving operation and provides it to control unit (15). - At least one optical sensor and / or at least one ultrasonic sensor for analyzing the fabric surface, wherein the at least one optical sensor and / or at least one ultrasonic sensor is arranged on the end side of the fabric plate (10), and / or is fixedly arranged between the guide units (32, 34) and the fabric plate (10), and / or is arranged below the fabric (82) in the area where the fabric plate abuts the plane (14), and / or is arranged above the fabric (82) in the area where the fabric plate abuts the plane (14); and / or - One or more sensors (55) are configured as optical sensors for analyzing the position of the warp threads (80, 80a, 80b) in the open weaving shed (9).

23. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 22, characterized in that, The control unit (15) controls at least one driver (38, 39) based on the information, thereby moving the fabric (82) in the area of ​​the weft board abutment along the fabric thickness direction (G) so as to guide the weft input device (8), which is configured as a clamp for the weft to be input, through the open weaving shed (9) without collision.

24. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 22, characterized in that, The control unit (15) controls at least one driver (38, 39) based on the information to guide the fabric (82) in contact on the upper and / or lower sides (84, 85) of the fabric in the area of ​​the weave board abutting the plane (14), without forcibly moving the fabric (82) as a whole along the fabric thickness direction (G).

25. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 22, characterized in that, The control unit (15) controls at least one driver (38, 39) based on the information, thereby moving the fabric (82) in the area of ​​the weft board abutment along the fabric thickness direction (G) so as to guide the weft input device (8), which is configured as a clamp for the weft to be input, through the open weaving shed (9) without collision, by means of the same distance (a1, a2) between the warp (80, 80a, 80b) above and below forming the open weaving shed (9).

26. The method for guiding a fabric (82) in a loom (1) according to any one of claims 20 to 22, wherein the method is carried out in a loom (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein the method includes the following steps: - The fabric (82) is guided by at least one guiding device (30) on the upper and / or lower sides (84, 85) of the fabric, in the area where the weave board abuts the plane (14), wherein the guiding device (30) has at least one guiding unit (32, 34) extending at least partially in the width of the fabric, each having at least one guiding section (33, 35) that can be positioned along the fabric thickness direction (G), wherein the upper guiding unit (32) guides the upper side (84) of the fabric (82) along the fabric thickness direction (G), and / or the lower guiding unit (34) guides the lower side (85) along the fabric thickness direction. - The at least two guide units (32, 34) are connected to at least one driver (38, 39) so that they can move not only in the same direction but also in the opposite direction along the fabric thickness direction (G).

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