An antenna

Abstract

The application provides an antenna, which comprises an artificial electromagnetic material lens and a MIMO antenna from top to bottom; the artificial electromagnetic material lens comprises a plurality of metal sheets and a dielectric substrate, and the metal sheets are located on the upper surface or the lower surface of the dielectric substrate; the plurality of metal sheets have the same size and spacing along the x direction, and have the same size and gradually decreasing spacing along the y direction from the center to the edge, so as to realize the refractive index distribution gradually increasing from the center to the edge along the y direction; and the MIMO antenna is arranged directly below the artificial electromagnetic material lens and used for emitting electromagnetic waves.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of antennas, and more specifically to a wide-beam, high-isolation MIMO antenna. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of wireless communication technology, especially positioning and spatial sensing technologies, antennas need to have wider beamwidths. However, traditional antennas, such as microstrip antennas, achieve wide beamwidths by adjusting the current distribution on the radiating patch, which has a complex working mechanism and is difficult for engineers to implement in a short time.

[0003] MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) antennas are a common type of antenna used in various aspects of communication. They typically emphasize high isolation between MIMO antenna elements. However, traditional antennas often struggle to meet the requirements of practical applications. Traditional methods for increasing isolation, such as adding decoupling structures, often limit antenna bandwidth. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an antenna, which, from top to bottom, comprises an artificial electromagnetic material lens and a MIMO antenna;

[0005] The artificial electromagnetic material lens includes multiple metal sheets and a dielectric substrate, wherein the metal sheets are located on the upper or lower surface of the dielectric substrate.

[0006] The plurality of metal sheets have the same size and spacing along the x-direction, and the same size and decreasing spacing from the center to the edge along the y-direction, so as to achieve a refractive index distribution that increases from the center to the edge in the y-direction;

[0007] The MIMO antenna is positioned directly below the artificial electromagnetic material lens and is used to transmit electromagnetic waves.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the shape of the metal sheet includes any one or more combinations of polygons, ellipses, I-shapes, or rings.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the MIMO antenna is any one of a single-line polarized antenna, a dual-line polarized antenna, a circularly polarized antenna, or a dual-circularly polarized antenna.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the MIMO antennas are arranged in a linear array, with the center of the MIMO antennas located on the xoz plane.

[0011] In one possible implementation, a dielectric sheet is further disposed above the artificial electromagnetic material lens.

[0012] In one possible implementation, a dielectric sheet is further included beneath the artificial electromagnetic material lens.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the dielectric sheet comprises any one of the following materials: glass, plastic, ceramic, or PCB.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the MIMO antennas are arranged in a planar array, with the center of the MIMO antennas located on the xoz plane.

[0015] On the other hand, this application provides a communication device including the antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

[0016] Due to the application of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0017] The antenna provided in this application comprises multiple metal sheets disposed on a dielectric substrate, with the metal sheets located on the upper or lower surface of the substrate. The metal sheets are arranged with the same size and spacing along the x-direction, and with the same size but decreasing spacing from the center to the edge along the y-direction, achieving a refractive index distribution that increases from the center to the edge in the y-direction. This allows the aperture field phase of the antenna in the y-direction to have a steeper change trend from the center to the edge, thereby achieving a wide beamwidth in the yoz plane of the antenna pattern and high isolation for MIMO antennas. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the artificial electromagnetic material lens in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure in another embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an artificial electromagnetic material lens in another embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 The following is a graph showing the S-parameter results from the simulation of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6The diagram shows the S-parameter results of a simulation of another embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments. These embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several changes and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0026] This application provides an antenna comprising, from top to bottom, an artificial electromagnetic material lens and a MIMO antenna. The artificial electromagnetic material lens includes multiple metal sheets and a dielectric substrate. The metal sheets are located on the upper or lower surface of the dielectric substrate. The multiple metal sheets have the same size and spacing along the x-direction, and their size decreases from the center to the edge along the y-direction, achieving a refractive index distribution that increases from the center to the edge in the y-direction. The MIMO antenna is positioned directly below the artificial electromagnetic material lens and is used to transmit electromagnetic waves. Artificial electromagnetic materials, also known as metamaterials, can be used to design special electromagnetic structures based on traditional materials, achieving unique dielectric constants and permeabilities. This allows for alteration of the propagation characteristics of electromagnetic waves. This application achieves a refractive index distribution that increases from the center to the edge in the y-direction by arranging multiple metal sheets on the upper or lower surface of the dielectric substrate. The arrangement of metal sheets with the same size and spacing along the x-direction, and the arrangement of metal sheets with the same size and decreasing spacing from the center to the edge along the y-direction, enables the achievement of a refractive index distribution that increases from the center to the edge in the y-direction. This allows the phase of the antenna aperture field in the y-direction to have a steeper change trend from the center to the edge, thereby achieving a wide beam in the yoz plane of the antenna pattern and high isolation of the MIMO antenna.

[0027] The following combination Figures 1 to 6 The present invention will be further described in detail below.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a 3D structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. It includes: an artificial electromagnetic material lens 1 and a MIMO antenna 2. The MIMO antenna is a 2x2 antenna, a microstrip antenna, and operates in TM01 mode. The microstrip antenna includes a first radiating patch 2011, a second radiating patch 2012, a third radiating patch 2013, a fourth radiating patch 2014, a dielectric substrate 202, a ground plane 203, a first excitation point 2041, a second excitation point 2042, a third excitation point 2043, and a fourth excitation point 2044. All excitation points are located on the central axis of their respective radiating patches. The radiating patches, the ground plane 203, and the dielectric substrate 202 are all cuboids in shape. Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the artificial electromagnetic material lens 1, which includes a series of metal patches 101 and a substrate 102, with the metal patches 101 located on the upper surface of the substrate 102. The metal patches 101 are square in shape; the substrate 102 is made of PPO plastic and has a cuboid structure. The lower surface of the artificial electromagnetic material lens 1 is parallel to the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 202, and the line connecting the center of the dielectric substrate 202 and the center of the artificial electromagnetic material lens layer 1 is perpendicular to both the lower surface of the artificial electromagnetic material lens 1 and the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 202. Preferably, the shortest distance between the artificial electromagnetic material lens 1 and the dielectric substrate 202 is half a wavelength. In the x-direction, metal patches 101 of the same size are provided, but the spacing between adjacent metal patches decreases from the center to both sides. This can modify the phase distribution in the x-direction of the feed antenna aperture field, making the phase change trend of the aperture field steeper from the center to both sides, thus increasing the beamwidth of the antenna xoz plane. In the y-direction, adjacent metal patches 101 have the same spacing and the same size.

[0029] Example 2

[0030] Figure 3 This is a 3D structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. It includes: an artificial electromagnetic material lens 1, a MIMO antenna 2, and a dielectric sheet 3. The MIMO antenna is a 2x2 antenna, a microstrip antenna, and operates in TM01 mode. The microstrip antenna includes a first radiating patch 2011, a second radiating patch 2012, a third radiating patch 2013, a fourth radiating patch 2014, a dielectric substrate 202, a ground plane 203, a first excitation point 2041, a second excitation point 2042, a third excitation point 2043, and a fourth excitation point 2044. All excitation points are located on the central axis of their respective radiating patches. The radiating patches, ground plane 203, and dielectric substrate 202 are all cuboid in shape. The dielectric sheet 3 is located directly above the artificial electromagnetic material lens 1, is cuboid in shape, and its lower surface coincides with the upper surface of the artificial electromagnetic material lens 1. The dielectric sheet can be made of any material selected from glass, plastic, ceramic, and PCB. In one exemplary implementation, the material is glass with a dielectric constant of 7.8 and a thickness of 0.55 mm. Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the artificial electromagnetic material lens 1, which includes a series of metal patches 101 and a substrate 102, with the metal patches 101 located on the upper surface of the substrate 102. The metal patches 101 are square in shape; the substrate 102 is made of PPO plastic and has a cuboid structure. The lower surface of the artificial electromagnetic material lens 1 is parallel to the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 202, and the line connecting the center of the dielectric substrate 202 and the center of the artificial electromagnetic material lens layer 1 is perpendicular to both the lower surface of the artificial electromagnetic material lens 1 and the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 202. Preferably, the shortest distance between the artificial electromagnetic material lens 1 and the dielectric substrate 202 is half a wavelength. In the x-direction, metal patches 101 of the same size are provided, but the spacing between adjacent metal patches decreases from the center to both sides. This can modify the phase distribution in the x-direction of the feed antenna aperture field, making the phase change trend of the aperture field steeper from the center to both sides, thus increasing the beamwidth of the antenna xoz plane. In the y-direction, adjacent metal patches 101 have the same spacing and the same size. It should be noted that the shape of the metal sheet is not limited to the examples listed in the above embodiments, and its shape includes any one or more combinations of polygons, ellipses, I-shapes, or rings.

[0031] Figure 5 The simulation results of the S-parameters in this embodiment show that the bandwidth of S11 < -10dB is 59.3 to 60.7 GHz, and the isolation is greater than 23.3dB, indicating a high degree of isolation.

[0032] Figure 6 The radiation pattern of the xoz plane in this embodiment shows that the beamwidth of the xoz plane with a gain greater than -3dBi is -63 to 61 degrees, which is a relatively wide beamwidth.

[0033] Based on the same concept, this embodiment also provides a communication device, including the wide-beam antenna and communication device described in any one of the embodiments 1 to 2.

[0034] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Even if various changes are made to the present invention, if these changes fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, they shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the inventive concept in detail herein, and the description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the core idea of ​​the present invention. It should be noted that any obvious modifications, equivalent substitutions, or other improvements made by those skilled in the art without departing from the inventive concept should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0035] Other embodiments of this application will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this application that follow the general principles of this application and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this application are indicated by the foregoing claims.

[0036] It should be understood that this application is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this application is limited only by the appended claims.

[0037] It should be understood that "multiple" as used in this article refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0038] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the above embodiments can be implemented by hardware or by a program instructing related hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as a read-only memory, a disk, or an optical disk.

[0039] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized in that, The antenna, from top to bottom, includes an artificial electromagnetic material lens and a MIMO antenna; The artificial electromagnetic material lens includes multiple metal sheets and a dielectric substrate, wherein the metal sheets are located on the upper or lower surface of the dielectric substrate. The plurality of metal sheets have the same size and spacing along the x-direction, and the same size and decreasing spacing from the center to the edge along the y-direction, so as to achieve a refractive index distribution that increases from the center to the edge in the y-direction; The MIMO antenna is positioned directly below the artificial electromagnetic material lens and is used to transmit electromagnetic waves. The MIMO antennas are arranged in a linear array, with their centers located on the xoz plane.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shape of the metal sheet includes any one or more combinations of polygons, ellipses, I-shapes, or rings.

3. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The MIMO antenna can be any one of a single-line polarized antenna, a dual-line polarized antenna, a circularly polarized antenna, or a dual-circularly polarized antenna.

4. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, A dielectric sheet is also disposed above the artificial electromagnetic material lens.

5. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The artificial electromagnetic material lens also includes a dielectric sheet underneath.

6. The antenna according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, The dielectric sheet includes any one of the following materials: glass, plastic, ceramic, and PCB.

7. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The MIMO antennas are arranged in a planar array, with the center of the MIMO antennas located on the xoz plane.

8. A communication device, characterized in that, The antenna includes any one of claims 1 to 7.

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