D-bus bus igniter of high voltage digital electronic detonator

Abstract

The application provides a D-Bus bus igniter of a high-voltage digital electronic detonator, which comprises an energy storage module, an ignition module and a control module, the control module is used for controlling the ignition module to ignite, the energy storage module comprises a DC / DC isolation voltage stabilizing circuit used for reducing voltage, a pulse width modulation switch type inverter circuit used for adjusting voltage and frequency, a high-voltage rectification output and a low-voltage stabilizing circuit, the ignition module comprises a D-Bus circuit used for detonating an electronic detonator, and the control module comprises a microprocessor control circuit, an ISM wireless communication module and an isolation RS485 communication circuit. The purpose is to charge by networking high-voltage power supply, control and detonate the nature safety type "plasma igniter without digital electronic detonator with detonating powder" by low-voltage digital communication networking, so that the technical problem that the existing igniter is applied to the digital electronic detonator with a detonating powder charging structure is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of two-wire bus detonators with high-voltage power supply and low-voltage digital communication. Specifically, it relates to a D-Bus bus detonator for a high-voltage digital electronic detonator. Background Technology

[0002] Existing two-wire digital detonators manufactured domestically and internationally are low-voltage two-wire digital detonators that share a charging voltage and a digital communication voltage of ≤25V. Furthermore, these existing low-voltage two-wire digital detonators use a two-wire bus that shares the low-voltage power supply and digital communication voltage to issue detonation digital commands to ignite multiple digital electronic detonators connected in parallel on the bus. This type of detonator is used for "digital electronic detonators with detonating explosive charges." Therefore, existing low-voltage ≤25V two-wire digital detonators cannot be networked to detonate high-voltage "plasma igniter digital electronic detonators without detonating explosives."

[0003] The current "digital electronic detonators with initiating explosive charge structure" use traditional industrial electric detonators as their basic detonator. The ignition element (resistance wire igniter head) and charge structure of traditional industrial electric detonators employ a "combustion-to-detonation" mechanism. Low-voltage capacitors store energy to power and heat the igniter head (resistance wire), igniting the propellant. The flame ignites the initiating explosive, which then undergoes combustion, leading to detonation. The initial detonation wave is transmitted to the high explosive, which amplifies the detonation wave output. Therefore, traditional industrial electric detonators are filled with highly mechanically sensitive initiating explosives (such as nickel hydrazine nitrate or dinitrodiazophenol). Consequently, digital electronic detonators with initiating explosive charge structures are highly dangerous products, prone to explosion accidents during daily production, transportation, storage, and use in blasting projects.

[0004] To improve the inherent safety of the civil explosives industry in the production, transportation, storage, and blasting operations of explosive materials, a D-Bus initiator for high-voltage digital electronic detonators is proposed. This initiator is used to network and achieve high-voltage power supply charging and low-voltage digital communication network control for detonation of an inherently safe "plasma igniter without initiating explosive digital electronic detonator".

[0005] In view of this, the present invention is hereby proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a D-Bus initiator for a high-voltage digital electronic detonator, which enables high-voltage power supply charging and low-voltage digital communication network control for detonation of an intrinsically safe "plasma igniter digital electronic detonator without initiating explosive". This solves the technical problem that existing initiators are all applied to "digital electronic detonators with initiating explosive charge structures".

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned objectives of the present invention, the following technical solution is adopted:

[0008] This invention provides a D-Bus initiator for a high-voltage digital electronic detonator, comprising an energy storage module, an ignition module, and a control module, wherein the control module is used to control the ignition module to ignite;

[0009] The energy storage module includes a DC / DC isolation regulator circuit for reducing voltage, a pulse width modulation switching inverter circuit for adjusting voltage and frequency, a high-voltage rectifier output, and a low-voltage regulator circuit.

[0010] The ignition module includes a D-Bus circuit for detonating the electronic detonator;

[0011] The control module includes a microprocessor control circuit, an ISM wireless communication module, and an isolated RS485 communication circuit.

[0012] Specifically, the energy storage module consists of a lithium battery pack, a DC / DC isolated voltage regulator circuit, a pulse width modulation switching inverter circuit, a high-voltage rectifier output, and a low-voltage regulator circuit. The ignition module consists of a high-voltage regulator circuit, a voltage LCD display circuit, and a D-Bus circuit. The control module consists of a microprocessor control circuit, a keyboard display circuit, an ISM wireless communication module, a GPS information receiving circuit, and an isolated RS485 communication circuit.

[0013] Specifically, the energy storage module consists of a PWM control chip IE1, a DC / DC isolation regulator IE2, field-effect transistors NM1-NM2, a switching transformer T1, a bridge circuit DZ, transistors TE1-TE3, a reference voltage chip WE1, diodes DE1-DE2, resistors RE1-RE16, capacitors CE1-CE8, a switch KE1, a fuse FU, a 12V rechargeable lithium battery BT, output terminals HV\LV\GND, and a charging socket interface. The PWM control chip IE1 is a CW2525 or SG1525 series control chip.

[0014] Specifically, the ignition module consists of serial communication voltage isolation comparators U1-U2, three-terminal regulators E1-E2, optocoupler OP1, field-effect transistor MOS1, transistors T1-T4, diodes D1-D3, Zener diodes W1-W2, three-and-a-half-digit voltmeter VE, relay switch JK, modulation mode conversion switch SW, resistors R1-R15, capacitors C1-C8, multi-pin socket J1, and detonator two-wire bus interface D-Bus. The serial communication voltage isolation comparators U1-U2 adopt JY763-1 and JY763-2 circuits.

[0015] Specifically, the control module consists of a microprocessor IC1, a GPS information receiving chip IC2, an ISM band wireless communication module IC3, an isolated RS485 communication chip IC4, an I2C interface display IC5, three-terminal voltage regulators UA1-UA2, an optocoupler GA1, a voltage regulator WA1, crystal oscillators Z1-Z2, an active crystal oscillator Z3, a keyboard JB, antennas AN1-AN2, a backup battery BT1, resistors RA1-RA10, capacitors CA1-CA15, an RS485 interface, and a multi-pin connector J2. The ISM band communication module IC3 uses the 433MHz / 868MHz / 915MHz wireless band. The microprocessor IC1 uses an 8-bit 51 series STC or ARM series chip. The GPS information receiving chip IC2 uses a GPS chip capable of receiving BeiDou satellites or other GPS chips.

[0016] In existing technology, two-wire low-voltage digital detonators use a two-wire bus that shares low-voltage power supply and digital communication voltage to issue detonation digital commands to detonate multiple digital electronic detonators connected in parallel on the bus. This type of detonator is used for "digital electronic detonators with detonating explosive charges." Therefore, existing low-voltage (≤25V) two-wire digital detonators cannot be networked to detonate high-voltage "plasma igniter digital electronic detonators without detonating explosives."

[0017] This invention provides a D-Bus initiator for a high-voltage digital electronic detonator. It enables high-voltage power supply charging and low-voltage digital communication network control to detonate an intrinsically safe "plasma igniter digital electronic detonator without initiating explosive". This solves the technical problem that existing initiators are all applied to "digital electronic detonators with initiating explosive charge structures".

[0018] Preferably, the output terminal of the energy storage module includes three ports: HV, LV, and GND, and the energy storage module is provided with a charging interface.

[0019] Preferably, the pulse width modulation switching inverter circuit includes a PWM control chip, and the PWM control chip is one of the CW2525 or SG1525 series control chips.

[0020] Preferably, the ignition module includes a serial communication voltage isolation comparator, which is a JY763-1 and JY763-2 circuit.

[0021] Preferably, the D-Bus circuit is equipped with a detonator two-wire bus interface D-Bus.

[0022] Preferably, the output voltage of the detonator two-wire bus interface D-Bus is a charging voltage with a high voltage Vb ≤ 200V and a digital communication voltage with a low voltage Va ≤ 36V. Specifically, the master-slave digital communication voltage modulation amplitude range of the low voltage Va ≤ 36V can be the amplitude logic level of the Va / n voltage value, where n = 1, 2, 3, ...

[0023] Preferably, the communication frequency band of the ISM wireless communication module is 433MHz, 868MHz, or 915MHz.

[0024] Preferably, the power supply for the microprocessor control circuit is an isolated power supply system consisting of an isolated DC power supply VDD provided by the DC / DC isolated regulator within the DC / DC isolated regulator circuit, and an isolated power supply system consisting of the positive terminal VCC and SGND provided by the three-terminal regulator of the control module. This improves the microprocessor control circuit's immunity to strong electromagnetic interference.

[0025] Preferably, the isolated RS485 communication circuit includes an ADM2582 chip, whose communication interface is connected to an ISM wireless communication module. The NO-OFF pin of the ISM wireless communication module IC3 is connected to the collector of the transistor inside the optocoupler.

[0026] In addition, the present invention also provides an ignition system including a D-Bus initiator.

[0027] The beneficial effects of this invention compared to the prior art are as follows: The D-Bus initiator for a high-voltage digital electronic detonator provided by this invention is designed for networking "plasma ignition digital electronic detonators without initiating explosives" which have high intrinsic safety and are resistant to strong electromagnetic interference. The D-Bus initiator provides high voltage (DC ≤ 200V) to charge the high-voltage energy storage capacitor in the "plasma ignition digital electronic detonator without initiating explosives" and low voltage (DC ≤ 36V) for digital communication, which is an intelligent device for managing and controlling the detonation of the "plasma ignition digital electronic detonator without initiating explosives". Attached Figure Description

[0028] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:

[0029] Figure 1 The circuit diagram of the D-Bus detonator provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2The circuit schematic diagram of the energy storage module provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 The circuit diagram of the ignition module provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 The circuit schematic diagram of the control module provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 The waveform diagram of voltage and current variation mode 1 for D-Bus communication code stream modulation provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 The waveform diagram shows the voltage and current variation mode 2 of the D-Bus bus communication code stream modulation provided in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Among them: 100-energy storage module, 200-ignition module, 300-control module. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the embodiments described below are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments, and are only used to illustrate the present invention, and should not be regarded as limiting the scope of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Where specific conditions are not specified in the embodiments, conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer shall be followed. Where the manufacturers of reagents or instruments are not specified, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0037] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0038] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0039] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention, specific embodiments are described below.

[0040] Example

[0041] See Figure 1 The diagram shown is a circuit schematic of the D-Bus initiator provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The D-Bus initiator is composed of an energy storage module 100, an ignition module 200, and a control module 300.

[0042] See Figure 2The diagram shown is a circuit schematic of the energy storage module 100 provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The energy storage module 100 consists of a PWM control chip IE1, a DC / DC isolation regulator IE2, field-effect transistors NM1-NM2, a switching transformer T1, a bridge circuit DZ, transistors TE1-TE3, a reference voltage chip WE1, diodes DE1-DE2, resistors RE1-RE16, capacitors CE1-CE8, a switch KE1, a fuse FU, a 12V rechargeable lithium battery BT, output terminals HV\LV\GND, and a charging socket interface. The energy storage module 100 operates on the principle of a pulse width modulation (PWM) switching inverter circuit. The energy storage module 100 also includes a 12V lithium battery. The positive voltage of the 12V lithium battery is connected to pin 13 of the PWM control chip IE1 via the switch KE1 and the fuse FU. Pins 5 and 6 of IE1 are connected to capacitor CE3 and resistor RE6 to determine the frequency of the pulse width modulation. Resistor RE7 between pins 7 and 5 of the PWM control chip IE1 is used to adjust the dead time, ensuring that MOSFETs NM1 and NM2 do not conduct simultaneously, thus improving circuit safety and reliability. Resistors RE1-RE2 form a sampling feedback circuit. The high-voltage AC output from the switching transformer T1 is rectified by bridge circuit DZ, and the DC voltage filtered by capacitor CE6 is divided by RE1, RE2, and RE4 and fed into pin 1 of IE1. This voltage is then processed by the chip's internal error amplifier and comparator, automatically controlling the output pulse width (i.e., pulse width modulation) of pins 11 and 14 of IE1 to stabilize the output voltage. The stable 5V reference voltage output from pin 16 of IE1 is filtered by capacitor CE4 and divided by resistors RE3 and RE5 before being fed into pin 2 of IE1. PWM pulse width compensation is determined by capacitor CE5 and resistor RE8 connected to pin 9 of IE1. The outputs from pins 11 and 14 of IE1 alternately output drive pulses through resistors RE9 and RE10, controlling power MOSFETs NM1 and NM2. When NM1 is on (NM2 is off), the +12V power supply flows through the upper half of the primary winding of transformer T1 (terminals 2 to 1) to ground via NM1. When NM2 is on (NM1 is off), the +12V power supply flows through the lower half of the primary winding of transformer T1 (terminals 2 to 3) to ground via NM2. The transformer T1's turns ratio boosts the voltage, providing a high-voltage AC voltage on its secondary winding. This voltage is then rectified by bridge rectifier DZ and filtered by capacitor CE6 to obtain a 200V DC voltage. Transistors TE1-TE3, reference voltage chip WE1, resistors RE11-RE15, and capacitor CE8 form a voltage regulator circuit, outputting a voltage ≤36V, which is connected to the LV terminal via diode DE2. The positive voltage ≤200V of the rectifier bridge ZD is connected to the HV terminal via current-limiting resistor RE16 and diode DE1. The input terminals of the DC / DC isolation regulator IE2 are connected to the positive and negative terminals of the 12V lithium battery pack BT. The output terminals of the DC / DC isolation regulator IE2 are connected to capacitors CE1 and CE2, which are connected to signal ground SGND and provide an isolated positive voltage VDD.

[0043] See Figure 3The diagram shown is a circuit schematic of the ignition module 200 provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The ignition module 200 consists of serial communication voltage isolation comparators U1-U2, three-terminal regulators E1-E2, optocoupler OP1, field-effect transistor MOS1, transistors T1-T4, diodes D1-D3, Zener diodes W1-W2, three-and-a-half-digit voltmeter VE, relay switch JK, modulation mode conversion switch SW, resistors R1-R15, capacitors C1-C8, multi-pin socket J1, and detonator two-wire bus interface D-Bus. The working principle of the ignition module 200 is as follows: Pin 5 of the multi-pin socket J1 provides a low voltage LV≤36V for digital communication. In this embodiment, LV=30V is used. The LV voltage is connected to the input terminal 1 of the three-terminal regulator E1 through the switching field-effect transistor MOS1, capacitors C1-C2, and resistor R1. The input terminal 2 of the three-terminal regulator E1 is connected to the power supply ground through the Zener diode W1. The output terminal 3 of the three-terminal regulator E1 is connected to the resistor R2 and capacitor C3. One end of the resistor R2 is connected to the negative terminal of the Zener diode W1. The output terminal 3 of the three-terminal regulator E1 is connected to the sampling resistor R3 and capacitor C4. The sampling resistor R3 is connected to the D-Bus interface 1 through the diode D1. In this embodiment, the output terminal 3 of the three-terminal regulator E1 is 24V. When the communication signal sent by the serial port TXD of the microprocessor IC1 in this embodiment is input to the Rin terminal of the serial communication voltage isolation comparator U1 through pin 4 TXD of the multi-pin socket J1, and the output Tuot of U1 is at contact b via the modulation mode conversion switch SW, the output Tuot of U1 causes the Zener diode W1 to operate under high and low logic levels according to the high and low logic levels of the communication signal. At this time, the three-terminal regulator E1 (selected regulated value 12V) and the Zener diode W1 (selected regulated value 12V) connected in series output 24V (Va), and there is a modulation logic waveform with a voltage amplitude drop of 12V (Va / 2) to perform master-slave voltage modulation digital communication with the detonator. This modulation logic waveform with a voltage amplitude drop of 12V (Va / 2) serves as mode 1 of the D-Bus bus communication code stream modulation voltage change. In the example, the communication signal sent by the serial port TXD of the microprocessor IC1 is input to the Rin terminal of the serial communication voltage isolation comparator U1 through pin 4 TXD of the multi-pin socket J1. When the output Tuot of U1 is at contact a via the modulation mode conversion switch SW, the output Tuot of U1 controls the gate of the switching field-effect transistor MOS1 according to the high and low logic levels, so that the drain and source of the switching field-effect transistor MOS1 are turned on and off. At this time, the regulated output of 24V (Va) from the three-terminal regulator E1 (selected regulated value 12V) and the Zener diode W1 (selected regulated value 12V) in series outputs 24V (Va). The 24V (Va) output is turned off and turned on according to the high and low logic levels to perform master-slave voltage modulation digital communication with the detonator. The turn-off and turn-on modulation logic waveform of this 24V (Va) voltage amplitude serves as the mode 2 of the D-Bus bus communication code stream modulation voltage change.

[0044] The serial communication voltage isolation comparator U1 has VDD as the positive terminal of the signal power supply, SGND as the signal ground, LV as the positive terminal of the low voltage power supply, and GND as the power ground. In this embodiment, it communicates with the detonator via a D-Bus bus using master current modulation digital communication. The modulation current range in this embodiment is 10mA-50mA. The modulated current signal passes through sampling resistor R3. The modulated voltage drop signal from sampling resistor R3 is connected to the positive and negative input terminals of the serial communication voltage isolation comparator U2 via diode D2, resistors R4-R5, and capacitor C4. The output terminal Tuot of U2 outputs a modulated logic level that is connected to the RXD terminal of pin 6 of multi-pin socket J1 for reception by the serial port RXD terminal of the detonator microprocessor IC1. The serial communication voltage isolation comparator U2 has VDD as the positive terminal of the signal power supply, SGND as the signal ground, LV as the positive terminal of the low voltage power supply, and GND as the power ground. In this embodiment, it communicates with the detonator via a D-Bus bus using master current modulation digital communication. The current modulation variation in the D-Bus bus communication code stream is the same in both communication modes 1 and 2. The high-voltage stabilizing circuit consists of a high voltage output of ≤200V from pin 9 of the multi-pin socket J1. This high voltage is then passed through the closed switches K1 and JK, and input to a voltage stabilizing circuit composed of transistors T2-T4, Zener diode W2, resistors R8-R12, and capacitors C5-C6. Transistor T2 outputs a stable high voltage through the current-limiting resistor R10. In this embodiment, the stable output voltage is 100V. The diode D1 has a reverse voltage withstand capability greater than 200V. The relay switch JK is closed by a high-level signal from pin P4.2 of microprocessor IC1, which is transmitted through pin 8 of multi-pin socket J1, resistor R6, transistor T1, relay coil JD, protection diode D3, capacitor C7, resistor R7, and signal power supply VDD. The 3.5-digit voltmeter VE receives LV voltage from input 1 of three-terminal regulator E2, and 5V from output 2, which is then connected to the V+ terminal of VE. The COM and IN- terminals of VE are grounded to GND, and IN+ is connected to the positive terminal 1 of the D-Bus bus. VE directly measures and displays the voltage at D-Bus bus terminal 1, with a maximum measured voltage of 199.9V. The optocoupler OP1, resistors R13-R14, and capacitor C9 form an isolated voltage acquisition circuit for D-Bus bus terminal 1. The sampled analog voltage is output from the emitter of the transistor inside optocoupler OP1 and connected to pin 2 (UA) of multi-pin socket J1. Pin 1 of the multi-pin socket J1 is signal ground SGND.

[0045] See Figure 4The diagram shown is a circuit schematic of the control module 300 provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The control module 300 consists of a microprocessor IC1, a GPS information receiving chip IC2, an ISM band wireless communication module IC3, an isolated RS485 communication chip IC4, an I2C interface display IC5, three-terminal voltage regulators UA1-UA2, an optocoupler GA1, a voltage regulator WA1, crystal oscillators Z1-Z2, an active crystal oscillator Z3, a keyboard JB, antennas AN1-AN2, a backup battery BT1, resistors RA1-RA10, capacitors CA1-CA15, an RS485 interface, and a multi-pin connector J2. Its working principle is as follows: Pins 17-19 of microprocessor IC1 are connected to the GPS information circuit, which consists of GPS information receiver chip IC2, receiving antenna AN1, crystal oscillator Z2, active crystal oscillator Z3, capacitors C13-C14, and backup battery BT1. Pins 17-19 of microprocessor IC1 are connected to pins 21, 19, and 20 of GPS information receiver chip IC2. A three-terminal regulator UA2 and capacitors CA13-CA15 form the VCC power supply. Pins 20 and 21 of microprocessor IC1 are connected to the SCL and SDA terminals of I2C interface display IC5 via pull-up resistors RA8-RA9. Pins P0.0-P0.7 of microprocessor IC1 are connected to a 4×4 keyboard, and resistors RA3-RA6 are pull-up resistors. Pin 12 of the microprocessor IC1 is the analog voltage power supply input, and pin 11 is the reference voltage input. Pin 11, composed of a Zener diode WA1, resistor RA7, and capacitor CA8, provides a precision 2.5V reference voltage. The VCC voltage is filtered by capacitors CA9-CA10 and then input to pin 12. Pin 5 of P1.4 of the microprocessor IC1 is the sampling analog voltage input, connected to pin 2 (UA) of the multi-pin connector J2. Pin 2 (UA) of J2 is connected to pin 2 (UA) of J1. Pins 1-4 of the microprocessor IC1 are connected to pins 7, 4, 6, and 5 of the isolated RS485 communication chip IC4. The output pin A of the isolated RS485 communication chip IC4 is connected to pin Y and then to pin 2 of the RS485 interface. The output pin B of IC4 is connected to pin Z and then to pin 1 of the RS485 interface. The power supply terminals VCC and GND1 of IC4 are connected to VCC and filter capacitors CA6-CA7 respectively. The isolation terminals Visouot and GND2 of IC4 are connected to filter capacitors CA4-CA5 respectively. The RS485 pins A and Y, B and Z of the ISM band wireless communication module IC3 are connected to pins 2 and 1 of the RS485 interface respectively. The NO-OFF pin of IC3 is connected to the collector of the transistor in the optocoupler GA1 through pull-up resistor RA1 and power supply VE. The emitter is connected to the power supply ground. The anode of the diode in the optocoupler GA1 is connected to pin 34 of the cathode microprocessor IC1 through pull-up resistor RA2 and power supply VCC. The power-on and power-off of the ISM band wireless communication module IC3 are controlled by the high and low levels of pin 34.The power supply for the wireless communication module IC3 is provided to the VCC and GND pins of IC3 by a three-terminal regulator UA1 and filtered by capacitors CA1-CA3. The LF-RF pin of IC3 is the interface for the transceiver antenna AN2. Pin 1 of the multi-pin connector J2 is connected to signal ground SGND, pin 2 (UA) of J2 is connected to pin 5 of IC1, pin 3 of J2 is connected to power ground GND, pin 4 (TXD) of J2 is connected to pin TXD_2 of IC1, pin 6 (RXD) of J2 is connected to pin RXD_2 of IC1, pin 7 of J2 is connected to the isolation power supply VDD, and pin 8 of J2 is connected to pin 28 of IC1 via pull-up resistor RA10 and power supply VDD. The multi-pin connector J2 and the multi-pin socket J1 are connected accordingly.

[0046] See Figure 5 The figure shows the waveform diagram of the voltage and current change mode 1 of the D-Bus bus communication code stream modulation provided in this embodiment. First, in Figure A, Vb is the high-voltage charging voltage, which is in the range of 50V≤Vb≤200V. Va is the low-voltage communication voltage, with Va≤36V. In the figure, t0-t1 is the master-slave communication code stream voltage modulation waveform. "1" represents a logic high level, and "0" represents a logic low level. Va / 2 is the voltage value maintained when the voltage modulation waveform is at a logic "0" low level. That is, in this embodiment, communication mode 1 is when the voltage value of Va drops to half of the Va / 2 value, representing logic "0". t1-t2 is the time when the detonator charges the energy storage capacitor in the detonator with high voltage. During this time, the two-wire D-Bus bus transitions from the low-voltage communication voltage Va to the high voltage Vb. Secondly, in Figure B, the communication between the detonator and the initiator is a low-voltage communication current modulation waveform on the D-Bus bus. When the detonator's working base current is less than 1.5mA, it is a logic "1" high level, and when the detonator's working current is ≥10mA, it is a logic "0" low level.

[0047] See Figure 6The figure shows the waveform of the D-Bus bus communication code stream modulation voltage and current change mode 2 provided in this embodiment. First, in Figure C, Vb is the high-voltage charging voltage, which is in the range of 50V≤Vb≤200V, and Va is the low-voltage communication voltage, with Va≤36V. In the figure, t0-t1 is the master-slave communication code stream voltage modulation waveform, where "1" represents a logic high level and "0" represents a logic low level. The main difference between communication mode 2 and communication mode 1 is that when the voltage modulation waveform is at the logic low level of "0", the voltage drop of Va remains zero. That is, when the Va voltage value drops to zero in communication mode 2 of this embodiment, it represents logic "0". t1-t2 is the time when the detonator charges the energy storage capacitor in the detonator with high voltage. During this time, the two-wire D-Bus bus transitions from the low-voltage communication voltage Va to the high voltage Vb. Secondly, in Figure D, the communication between the detonator and the initiator is a low-voltage communication current modulation waveform on the D-Bus bus. When the detonator's working base current is less than 1.5mA, it is a logic "1" high level, and when the detonator's working current is ≥10mA, it is a logic "0" low level.

[0048] The technical solutions of the present invention have been described with reference to the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principles of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after such changes or substitutions will all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A D-Bus initiator for a high-voltage digital electronic detonator, characterized in that, It includes an energy storage module, an ignition module, and a control module, wherein the control module is used to control the ignition module to perform ignition; The energy storage module includes a DC / DC isolation regulator circuit for reducing voltage, a pulse width modulation switching inverter circuit for adjusting voltage and frequency, a high-voltage rectifier output, and a low-voltage regulator circuit. The output terminal of the energy storage module includes three ports: HV, LV, and GND. The energy storage module is equipped with a charging interface. The pulse width modulation switching inverter circuit includes a PWM control chip, which is one of the CW2525 or SG1525 series control chips. The energy storage module consists of a PWM control chip IE1, a DC / DC isolation regulator IE2, MOSFETs NM1-NM2, a switching transformer T1, a bridge circuit DZ, transistors TE1-TE3, a reference voltage chip WE1, diodes DE1-DE2, resistors RE1-RE16, capacitors CE1-CE8, a switch KE1, a fuse FU, a 12V rechargeable lithium battery BT, output terminals HV\LV\GND, and a charging socket interface. The energy storage module also includes a 12V lithium battery. The positive voltage of the 12V lithium battery is connected to pin 13 of the PWM control chip IE1 via the switch KE1 and the fuse FU. Pins 5 and 6 of IE1 are connected to a capacitor. CE3 and resistor RE6 determine the pulse width modulation frequency; resistor RE7 between pins 7 and 5 of the PWM control chip IE1 is used to adjust the dead time, ensuring that MOSFETs NM1 and NM2 do not conduct simultaneously, improving circuit safety and reliability; resistors RE1-RE2 form a sampling feedback circuit. The high-voltage AC output from the switching transformer T1 is rectified by bridge DZ, and the DC voltage filtered by capacitor CE6 is divided by RE1, RE2, and RE4, and fed into pin 1 of IE1. This voltage is then processed by the chip's internal error amplifier and comparator, automatically controlling the output pulse width at pins 11 and 14 of IE1 to achieve stable output voltage. A stable 5V reference voltage is output from pin 16, filtered by capacitor CE4, and then divided by resistors RE3 and RE5 before being fed to pin 2 of IE1. PWM pulse width compensation is determined by capacitor CE5 and resistor RE8 connected to pin 9 of IE1. The outputs from pins 11 and 14 of IE1 are driven by resistors RE9 and RE10, which alternately output drive pulses to control power MOSFETs NM1 and NM2. When NM1 is on, the +12V power supply flows to ground through the upper half of the primary winding of transformer T1 and NM1. When NM2 is on, the +12V power supply flows to ground through the lower half of the primary winding of transformer T1 and NM2. Through the turns ratio of transformer T1, high-voltage AC power can be obtained at the secondary winding of T1. The voltage is rectified by bridge DZ and filtered by capacitor CE6 to obtain a DC voltage of 200V. Transistors TE1-TE3, reference voltage chip WE1, resistors RE11-RE15, and capacitor CE8 form a voltage regulator circuit, outputting a voltage ≤36V, which is connected to the LV terminal via diode DE2. The positive voltage of rectifier bridge ZD ≤200V is connected to the HV terminal via current limiting resistor RE16 and diode DE1. The input terminal of the DC / DC isolation regulator IE2 is connected to the positive and negative terminals of the 12V lithium battery pack BT, and the output terminal of the DC / DC isolation regulator IE2 is connected to signal ground SGND via capacitors CE1 and CE2, providing an isolated positive voltage VDD. The ignition module includes a D-Bus circuit for detonating the electronic detonator; The control module includes a microprocessor control circuit, an ISM wireless communication module, and an isolated RS485 communication circuit.

2. The D-Bus detonator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ignition module includes a serial communication voltage isolation comparator, which is a JY763-1 and JY763-2 circuit.

3. The D-Bus detonator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The D-Bus circuit is equipped with a detonator two-wire bus interface, D-Bus.

4. The D-Bus detonator according to claim 3, characterized in that, The detonator's two-wire bus interface D-Bus outputs a high voltage (Vb≤200V) for charging and a low voltage (Va≤36V) for digital communication.

5. The D-Bus detonator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The communication frequency band of the ISM wireless communication module is 433MHz, 868MHz or 915MHz.

6. The D-Bus detonator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply for the microprocessor control circuit is an isolated DC power supply VDD provided by the DC / DC isolated regulator in the DC / DC isolated regulator circuit, and an isolated power supply system consisting of the positive terminal VCC and SGND provided by the three-terminal regulator of the control module.

7. The D-Bus detonator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The isolated RS485 communication circuit includes a chip ADM2582, whose communication interface is connected to an ISM wireless communication module.

8. An ignition system comprising the D-Bus initiator as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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