Release element of a heat shield

Abstract

The invention provides a decoupling element for fastening a heat shield, comprising: a middle part comprising a sleeve; a lower part arranged adjacent to a first axial end portion of the sleeve, having a first pressure absorbing element having a first side and a second side in axial direction; and a first damping element arranged on the second side of the first pressure absorbing element; and an upper part arranged adjacent to a second axial end portion of the sleeve, having a second pressure absorbing element having a first side and a second side in axial direction; and a second damping element arranged on the second side of the second pressure absorbing element, and a locking disc arranged on the second side of the second pressure absorbing element. At least in a portion of the sleeve in axial direction, an outer diameter of a cross section of the sleeve perpendicular to the axial direction, at least along an outer edge of the passage opening, is completely or partially greater than an inner width of the passage opening in the locking disc.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a detachment element for fastening a heat shield to a component, and to a heat shield comprising such a detachment element. Background Technology

[0002] Heat shields, for example, are used in the engines of motor vehicles, particularly in the exhaust system branch area, to protect high-temperature sensitive components and units near hot assemblies from unacceptable heating. In this case, the heat shield also further improves sound insulation. It is important to note, especially at the fastening points between the heat shield and the components, that noise and heat transfer from the components to the heat shield should be minimized. This prevents the heat shield itself from being unacceptably heated at the fastening points and from failing to perform its intended function.

[0003] Components of the exhaust system branch, such as the exhaust manifold, catalytic converter, etc., or alternatively the engine block, valve cover, or other heat shield, may be cited as examples here and referred to as components below.

[0004] Typically, such a heat shield is a three-dimensional structural component having at least one sheet-like metal layer, but often with additional layers. In this case, the three-dimensional form of the at least one sheet-like metal layer is usually determined by the shape of the components to be shielded from each other and the distance between them.

[0005] Heat shields are typically attached to components via point connections. For this purpose, the heat shield may have at least one channel opening that extends through all layers of the heat shield, and this channel opening can accept fastening elements. For example, screws, bolts, pins with transverse bolts, or rivets are used as fastening elements.

[0006] However, at these fastening points, vibrations from the components, and heat generated when fastened to hot components, can be transferred to the heat shield via the fastening elements. Therefore, the fastening elements should be as insulated or damped as possible relative to the components or to adjacent sheet metal layers or adjacent sheet metal layers of the heat shield that they penetrate.

[0007] Therefore, a release element (e.g., a release element with a braided mesh as a damping element) is typically arranged between the fastening element and the sheet metal layer of the heat shield. The fastening element will be discussed below using a screw as an example, through which the heat shield can be penetrated. The release element is usually fastened directly to the sheet metal layer of the heat shield, so that when the heat shield is installed on the assembly, the worker only needs to hold the fastening element (e.g., the screw) against the component and hold it together with the heat shield, and then connect the heat shield and the component together.

[0008] Because the detachment element is firmly fastened to the thin metal layer of the heat shield, the detachment element cannot move relative to the heat shield.

[0009] However, heat shields are often installed on different components of the exhaust system. They have attachment points, which can have very large tolerances between the various components, such as between the turbocharger and the catalytic converter.

[0010] Because the detachable element is firmly connected to the metal layer of the heat shield, it specifies the attachment point, i.e., the through opening for fastening the element. Therefore, this heat shield cannot compensate for the tolerance at the attachment point on the side of the component.

[0011] Therefore, it is necessary to change the positioning of the damping element channel opening on the heat shield. Summary of the Invention

[0012] Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a disengagement element and a heat shield equipped with the disengagement element, by which large tolerances of the fastening points of the components can be compensated.

[0013] This objective is achieved by the disengagement element according to claim 1 and the heat shield according to claim 17. Advantageous developments of the disengagement element and the heat shield according to the invention are set forth in the corresponding dependent claims.

[0014] Now, the disengagement element according to the present invention includes at least the following elements.

[0015] First, it has a sleeve as a middle component, which has first and second axial end portions.

[0016] A lower component or an upper component is arranged on each side of the first and second axial end portions of the sleeve. The lower component has a first pressure-absorbing element and a damping element, the damping element being arranged in the direction of the second axial end portion of the sleeve, starting from the first pressure-absorbing element. The upper component also has a pressure-absorbing element and a second damping element, the second damping element being arranged on the side of the second pressure-absorbing element pointing towards the first axial end portion. This disengagement element can thus surround the sheet metal layer of the heat insulation cover between the two damping elements, thereby radially, but most importantly axially, disengaging the upper and lower components from the sheet metal layer of the heat insulation cover.

[0017] According to the invention, the disengagement element now has a plurality of, but at least one, locking discs arranged on a second side of the second pressure-absorbing element. The locking discs have a cross-section surrounding the sleeve, but the diameter of the channel openings in the locking discs is at least partially smaller than the diameter of the sleeve.

[0018] This means that the locking disc can be fixed to the sleeve, thereby allowing the upper component to be fixed to the sleeve.

[0019] Using this disengagement element, it can be pre-installed on the thin metal layer of the heat shield, but the locking disc is only clamped to the sleeve. The disengagement element can be laterally displaced in the opening of the heat shield, extending through the opening into the plane of the metal layer of the heat shield, but at the same time, the disengagement element is still secured to the heat shield in a capturing manner.

[0020] Specifically, the clamping force of the detachment element on the metal layer of the heat shield can be set such that the displacement force in the plane of the metal layer of the heat shield through which the element passes does not exceed the maximum value, particularly 50 N.

[0021] The disengagement element according to the invention thus causes the opening in the metal layer of the heat shield (in which the disengagement element is inserted or can be inserted) to have a diameter larger than the outer diameter of the sleeve of the disengagement element, for example, as a larger diameter through hole or elongated hole. This makes the attachment points in the heat shield movable, depending on the attachment points of the components fastened thereto. At the same time, it ensures the capture and retention of the disengagement element and easy manual repositioning on the heat shield.

[0022] Due to the adjustable clamping force of the disengaging element on the metal layer of the heat shield, the disengaging element axially disengages at the attachment point in the direction of the channel opening in the metal layer. Radial disengagement is also caused by the use of damping elements on both sides, especially by a particular embodiment of the lower damping element.

[0023] Given a suitable construction for the detachment element, it can completely cover the channel openings in the heat shield used for fastening the element on one or both sides, thereby preventing media from passing through the channel openings in the metal layer.

[0024] Advantageously, one of the locking discs can also be formed as a can, which has a base surface and walls that protrude obliquely or substantially vertically from the base surface. Furthermore, such a locking disc prevents media such as water or oil from passing through the fastening openings in the metal layer of the heat shield.

[0025] The essence of this invention is that the upper and lower components of the disengagement element are displaceable relative to each other in the axial channel direction through the channel opening of the sleeve. This firstly allows for the application of clamping force on the metal layer, and secondly, when the heat shield is mounted on the component, the disengagement element is securely clamped between the fastening element and the component by tightening the fastening element, such as a screw, in the selected positioning of the disengagement element and fastening element, thereby fixing the heat shield in its final position.

[0026] In general, the disengagement element according to the invention allows the disengagement element to always be movable after insertion into the metal layer of the heat shield and before the heat shield is fastened to the component, because the upper, lower, and middle components of the disengagement element are loosely assembled together and secured together by force between the locking disc and the sleeve. Initial tension is generated only when the fastening element is tightened or screwed on; this initial tension is necessary and defined for fastening the heat shield to the manufactured structural element.

[0027] The pressure-absorbing elements of the upper and lower components, such as in the form of discs or flanges, can also be fastened to or integrally constructed with the sleeve, achieving maximum contact area even for small heads of fastening elements, such as screw heads. Furthermore, the release element can be configured to allow the use of different fastening elements. Therefore, given a suitable construction of the channel opening through the release element, different sized screws, such as M6 or M8 screws, or alternatively rivets, can be used for the same release element. In this case, the locking disc can at least substantially or completely cover the gap between the inner peripheral edges of the channel opening in the metal layer of the sleeve and the heat shield, thereby preventing liquids, such as oil, from passing through the channel opening in the metal layer.

[0028] Only a small amount of installation force is required to install the heat shield together with the detachable element according to the invention. Expensive installation steps, such as edge grinding processes, are not required.

[0029] Damping elements are typically composed of braided mesh, the fibers of which can penetrate the metal layers of the heat shield. By using a locking disc for appropriate axial positioning, for example, between the metal layers of the heat shield and the adjacent damping element, the metal layers of the heat shield are separated from the damping element. This separation between the metal layers of the heat shield and the damping element prevents the fibers of the braided mesh of the damping element from penetrating the metal layers of the heat shield.

[0030] Advantageously, both the lower and upper components have locking discs. The locking discs can be directly disposed between the metal layer of the heat shield and their respective adjacent damping elements. It is also possible for the locking discs to be disposed within the damping elements of the lower and / or upper components, or between the pressure receiving element and the damping element.

[0031] As already mentioned, the diameter of the channel opening in the corresponding locking disc is at least partially smaller than the outer diameter of the sleeve. This likely means that the corresponding locking disc has inward protrusions only in certain portions along the inner circumferential edge of its channel opening, the inner diameter of which is smaller than the outer diameter of the sleeve. This thus allows the locking disc to clamp, latch, etc., relative to the sleeve on these protrusions.

[0032] Furthermore, it is possible that the ratio between the inner diameter of the corresponding locking disc and the outer diameter of the sleeve need not be as described above along the entire length of the sleeve in its axial channel direction. For example, the sleeve may have grooves extending around the channel opening at least axially along its outer peripheral portion, into which the locking disc can engage. Thus, only the outer diameter of the sleeve outside the corresponding groove is greater than the inner diameter of the locking disc. Within the groove, the locking disc can be loosely inserted relative to the sleeve, i.e., the outer diameter of the base of the groove in the sleeve is smaller than the minimum inner diameter of the locking disc. In this way, the locking disc can be clamped, latched, or otherwise connected to the sleeve in the axial channel direction of the sleeve by form-fit locking. In this case, form-fit locking is only required in the direction belonging to the pressure-absorbing element of the corresponding locking disc. This configuration of the locking disc and the sleeve allows them to be fixed relative to each other, and in this way, the disengagement element is mounted in a captured manner on or within the metal layer of the heat shield.

[0033] Alternatively or additionally, the sleeve may also have one or more grooves axially along its outer periphery, optionally also partially, traveling around its channel opening, the depth of which varies along the outer periphery. The corresponding locking discs can then be configured such that they engage only or preferentially in the deeper region of the respective groove.

[0034] If the locking disc is connected to the outer periphery of the sleeve by a friction lock or by, for example, a clamping shape fit, the inner edge of the locking disc may also be offset or bent.

[0035] According to the invention, at least one of the damping elements extends through the metal layer of the heat shield at least in the disengaged state of the element or the heat shield mounted on the component, thereby isolating the metal layer from the sleeve.

[0036] Pressure absorbing elements may also be configured such that one of the pressure absorbing elements is integrally formed with the sleeve and forms, for example, a flange on the sleeve. They may further have, on their outer edges, respective collars and / or protrusions or hooks respectively projecting in the direction of the adjacent damping element, which are externally engaged on the adjacent damping element such that the pressure absorbing element restricts or defines the movement of the adjacent damping element not only in the axial direction but also in the radial direction.

[0037] The following provides some examples of detachable elements and heat shields according to the present invention. The same or similar reference numerals are used for the same or similar elements, therefore some discussions will not be repeated.

[0038] In the following examples, a number of optional features are implemented simultaneously in each case. However, the individual features of the detachable element and heat shield described below, as well as other optional features in the same or other examples, can also be implemented individually or in any combination. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1- Figure 4 A first embodiment of the heat shield and detachment element according to the present invention is shown.

[0040] Figures 5-9 Further examples of the heat shield or detachable element according to the invention are shown; and

[0041] Figure 10 Further examples of the heat shield and detachment element according to the present invention are shown. Detailed Implementation

[0042] Figure 1 shows a heat shield 1 with a metal layer 2 according to the present invention. The heat shield has a channel opening 5 that extends through the entire heat shield, in which a disengagement element 3 according to the present invention is arranged. Thus, the channel opening also extends through the disengagement element 3. The axial direction of the channel opening 5, i.e., the channel direction, is indicated by reference numeral 6.

[0043] The disengagement element 3 comprises three components: a lower component 10, an upper component 20, and a middle component 30. The upper component 20 has a disc-shaped pressure-absorbing element 21 surrounding a channel opening 5 that extends into the disc 21 as a channel opening 25. The disc 21 has a first outward-facing side 22 and a second side 23 facing the metal layer 2. A woven mesh-like damping element 26 is arranged on the disc 21, adjacent to the disc 21 on the second side and thus pointing towards the metal layer 2. A locking disc 50 is arranged on the side of the woven mesh 26 facing away from the disc, extending across the space between the metal layer 2 and the damping element 26 to the middle component 30 and having a bent edge 51 surrounding the middle component 30.

[0044] Figure 1A A detailed overall view and a cross-section through the heat shield 1 are shown, while Figure 1B It shows Figure 1A Details.

[0045] The disengagement element has a lower component 10, which also has a disc-shaped pressure-absorbing element 11. The disc 11 of the lower component 10 has a first side 12 facing away from the metal layer 2, symmetrical to the upper component 20. Furthermore, it has a second side 13 oriented towards the metal layer. The pressure-absorbing element is adjacent to a damping element 16 in the form of a braided mesh on its second side. The braided mesh 16 extends beyond the channel opening 5 in the metal layer 2 to the other side of the metal layer 2, thus disengaging the metal layer 2 from a middle component 30 in the form of a sleeve 31, which penetrates the channel opening 5.

[0046] The lower component 10 also has a disc 40 that completely surrounds the channel opening 5. This disc 40 does not extend into the middle component 30 and therefore does not clamp or latch with the sleeve 30. Instead, the disc 40 acts as a separator between the sheet metal layer 2 of the heat shield and the woven mesh of the damping element 16. This prevents the fibers of the woven mesh from penetrating into the sheet metal layer 2.

[0047] The locking disc 50 is configured with alternating areas that retract from the sleeve 31 and protrusions 52a to 52i in the form of lugs along the direction of the sleeve, these lugs extending into the sleeve 31 and having bent edges 51. Figure 1A and Figure 1B In the cross-section shown, the cross-section passes through the area of ​​the locking disc 50 with such a lug.

[0048] According to the invention, the sleeve 31 has a channel opening 35, which serves as part of the channel opening 5, extending from the first side 32 to the second side 33. The channel opening 35, the channel opening 25 through the upper component, and the channel opening 15 through the lower component are provided for fastening devices such as screws to pass through. When the screw is tightened, the disc of the pressure-absorbing element 11 can be placed on the component, while the disc of the pressure-absorbing element 21 can abut against the screw head. Therefore, the two pressure-absorbing elements 11 and 21 together force-lock the heat shield 1 to the component.

[0049] The pressure absorption element 11 is formed as a flange integral with the sleeve 31.

[0050] The installation of the disengagement element 3 is thus performed as follows: first, the sleeve 31 and the lower component 11 are passed through the channel opening 5 in the metal layer of the heat insulation cover, and then the upper component 20 is pulled onto the sleeve 31. The locking disc 50 clamps the sleeve 31, thereby resulting in the disengagement element 3 being securely but movably pre-installed on the metal layer 2 of the heat insulation cover 1. During installation, the disengagement element can then be conveniently moved laterally. Only after the fastening device through the opening 5 is tightened are the lower and upper components of the disengagement element pressed together, and the disengagement element 3 is finally fixed in the opening 5 in the metal layer 2.

[0051] Figure 2 It shows Figure 1A and 1B The heat shield 1 is now fastened to the structural element 8 by means of screws 7. The lower part 10 and the upper part 20 are now firmly pressed together, thereby securing the metal layer 2 of the heat shield.

[0052] Figure 3 An exploded view of a lower component 10, a sleeve 30, and an upper component 20 is shown, wherein the lower component 10 and the sleeve 30 are shown together.

[0053] The locking disc 50 of the upper component 20 is in Figure 3 The image is shown in an oblique view. Along the peripheral edge of the locking disc 50 extending around the channel opening 55 in the locking disc 50, the locking disc 50 has radially inwardly projecting protrusions 52a to 52i, which clamp with the sleeve 30 when placed onto the lower part 10 shown in the figure. Because the protrusions 52a to 52i are configured such that they protrude further into the channel opening 55 than the outer diameter of the sleeve 30, this allows for machining without clamping.

[0054] Figure 4 A top view of the additional heat shield 1 with metal layer 2 is shown in an oblique top view. The upper component 20 has a disc-shaped pressure-absorbing element 21 with protrusions 27a to 27h on its outer edge; not all protrusions are labeled here. Each protrusion protrudes radially outward by a different amount. For example, protrusion 27g or protrusion 27h protrudes only radially across the damping element 26, while protrusions 27a to 27f first protrude radially across the disc 21, then tilt at an angle ≤90° in the direction of the damping element, and surround the damping element 26 on the outside. Thus, the damping element 26 is further secured.

[0055] Figure 5 A further example of a heat shield 1 with a metal layer 2 and a disengagement element 3 according to the invention is shown. In this embodiment having a lower component 10, an upper component 20, and a middle component 30, unlike the example of FIG. 1, the discs 40 and 50 are not arranged between their respective damping elements and the metal layer 2, but rather between the pressure absorbing element 11 and the metal layer 2, or in the region between the pressure absorbing element 21 and the metal layer 2, which is respectively partially located within their respective damping elements 16 or 26. Unlike FIG. 1, the disc 40 here also has a locking function. In this case, the locking discs 40 and 50 protrude inward in the radial direction such that they engage in grooves 36a or 36b respectively provided to extend around the sleeve 31 of the middle component 30. Thus, the lower component and the upper component are each form-fittedly locked onto the sleeve 31 in the axial direction of the channel opening 5.

[0056] As in Figure 4 As in the previous example, pressure absorbing elements 11 and 21 each have protrusions 17 or 27 that are laterally engaged with their respective adjacent damping elements 16 and 26.

[0057] Damping elements 16 and 26 each protrude into the channel opening 5 within the metal layer 2, thereby isolating the metal layer 2 from the sleeve 31.

[0058] Figure 6 in the sub Figure 6A and 6B Each of them showed Figure 5The exploded view or bottom view of the detached element 3. Figure 6A Sleeves 30 and 31 are shown. The reference numerals indicate their relationship to... Figure 5 The same part.

[0059] Figure 7 A further embodiment of the heat shield 1 having a metal layer 2 and a detachable element 3 according to the present invention is shown.

[0060] Figure 7 The disconnecting element 3 largely corresponds to Figure 5 The disengaging element is removed, but now the locking discs 40 and 50 are each offset in their respective directions and surround the channel opening 5. The inner peripheral edges of the locking discs 40 and 50 approach each other and engage in separate grooves 36 on their outer sides surrounding the sleeve 31. The grooves 36 do not need to completely surround the sleeve; rather, for example, if the locking discs 40 and 50 only have protrusions in portions along their peripheral edges, it is sufficient to provide grooves only in those areas of the locking discs 40 and 50 that are to extend into the grooves, with the inner diameter of each protrusion surrounding the channel opening being smaller than the outer diameter of the sleeve 31 outside the groove 36.

[0061] Figure 8 shows the subgraph A. Figure 7 A perspective view of the detached component. Figure 8B In the diagram, the lateral view of the disconnecting element is shown as an exploded view of the disconnecting element 3, which includes a lower part 10 and a sleeve 30 that extends partially through the metal layer 2.

[0062] exist Figure 8A The image shows that the groove 36 is configured to extend completely around the outer surface of the sleeve 31. The protrusions 41a and 41b of the locking disc 40 engage in the groove.

[0063] Figure 9 Further examples of the heat shield according to the invention and the detachment element 3 according to the invention are shown. Figure 9 The disengagement element in the middle is largely related to Figure 1A The construction is the same. However, the locking disc 50 is now in the form of a can 56 with a bottom 57 and walls 58, the bottom 57 corresponding to the locking disc 50 in Figure 1.

[0064] Because the locking disc 50 is configured as a canister 56, liquids such as water or oil can be prevented from passing through the channel opening 5 in the gap between the metal layer 2 and the damping element 16.

[0065] Figure 10 Partial images A through D show three different embodiments of the damping element 3, similar to those in Figure 1. However, unlike Figure 1, the disk 40 is absent, and the damping element 16 does not extend into the region between the metal layer 2 and the sleeve 30.

[0066] Figure 10 D shows the applicable... Figure 10 The lower component 10 of all embodiments A to 10C has a pressure-absorbing element 11 and a damping element made of woven wire mesh 16. The middle component in the form of a sleeve 30 is integrally constructed with the pressure-absorbing element 11.

[0067] Figure 10 A through 10C now show three different variations of the upper component 20, including a pressure-absorbing element 21, a damping element 26 made of woven wire mesh, and a locking disc 50.

[0068] Figure 10 The three variations, A through 10C, differ only in the construction of the inner edge of the locking disc 50. Figure 10 A is bent twice in the same direction so that the twisted portion between the first and second bent edges forms a contact area on the sleeve 30. This double-bent edge prevents damage to the sleeve 30. The contact area is elastic and in this way holds the upper component 20 on the sleeve 30 with sufficient but not excessive force.

[0069] exist Figure 10 In section B, lock disk 50, as shown. Figure 1A and Figure 1B It bends alone like that.

[0070] exist Figure 10 In C, although in the opposite direction, the locking disc 50 is also bent twice.

[0071] exist Figure 10 In all three variations from A to 10C, the contact area of ​​the locking disc 50 on the sleeve 30 is offset from the plane of the adjacent area of ​​the sliding disc 50 in the axial direction of the channel opening 5.

Claims

1. A release element for fastening a heat shield, having a channel opening for fastening the element, the channel opening extending through all the elements as described below and having an axial direction, having: The middle component includes a sleeve having a first axial end portion and a second axial end portion; The lower component, arranged adjacent to the first axial end portion of the sleeve, has a first pressure absorbing element, the first pressure absorbing element having a first side for abutting against a fastening element and a second side opposite the first side along the axial direction. as well as A first damping element is disposed on the second side of the first pressure absorbing element; as well as The upper component, arranged adjacent to the second axial end portion of the sleeve, has a second pressure absorbing element, the second pressure absorbing element having a first side for abutting against a fastening element and a second side opposite the first side along the axial direction; as well as A second damping element disposed on the second side of the second pressure absorbing element, and a locking disc disposed on the second side of the second pressure absorbing element; Wherein, at least in a portion of the sleeve along the axial direction, the outer diameter of the cross section of the sleeve perpendicular to the axial direction is wholly or partially larger than the inner width of the channel opening in the locking disc.

2. The disengagement element according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first pressure-absorbing element is formed as a radially outwardly extending flange of the sleeve.

3. The disengagement element according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower component has an additional locking disc arranged on the second side of the first pressure-absorbing element, wherein at least in a portion of the sleeve along the axial direction, the outer diameter of the sleeve's cross-section perpendicular to the axial direction is partially larger than the inner width of the channel opening in the additional locking disc.

4. The disengagement element according to claim 3, characterized in that, At least one of the locking discs is arranged on one side of its respective adjacent damping element, the side being away from the second side of the respective pressure absorbing element, or the outer edge of the locking disc is in the respective damping element.

5. The disengagement element according to claim 3, characterized in that, At least one of the locking discs is a clamping disc, a claw disc, or a latching disc, which is clamped, gripped, or latched by the sleeve.

6. The disengagement element according to claim 3, characterized in that, In at least one of the locking discs, the inner edge of the channel opening is at least partially bent and / or offset, extending around the channel opening.

7. The disengagement element according to claim 3, characterized in that, At least one of the locking discs is at least partially latched in a groove traveling around the sleeve.

8. The disengagement element according to claim 3, characterized in that, The damping element of the lower component extends in the axial direction to the locking disc of the upper component, and / or the damping element of the upper component extends in the axial direction to the additional locking disc of the lower component.

9. The disengagement element according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first pressure-absorbing element of the lower component is connected to the sleeve.

10. The disengagement element according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first pressure-absorbing element has a collar and / or one or more hooks protruding in the direction of the first damping element on its radial outer edge, the collar or the hooks engaging around the first damping element, and / or the second pressure-absorbing element has a collar and / or one or more hooks protruding in the direction of the second damping element on its radial outer edge, the collar or the hooks engaging around the second damping element.

11. The disengagement element according to claim 3, characterized in that, The sleeve and / or the first pressure absorbing element and / or the second pressure absorbing element and / or the locking disc and / or the additional locking disc and / or the first damping element and / or the second damping element contain metal.

12. The disengagement element according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first damping element and / or the second damping element comprises a metal braided wire mesh.

13. The disengagement element according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjacent parts of the lower part and / or the adjacent parts of the upper part are connected together by integral manufacturing and / or by form-fit locking and / or by material forming and / or by friction locking.

14. The disengagement element according to claim 1, characterized in that, The can-shaped element has a base surface and a housing, the base surface extending coherently around the channel opening, and the housing protruding from the base surface of the can-shaped element on one side, the can-shaped element being arranged between a lower part and an upper part.

15. The disengagement element according to claim 14, characterized in that, One of the locking discs is formed on the base surface of the can-shaped element.

16. A heat shield having at least one protective layer, the heat shield having at least one channel opening for a fastening element and at least one disengagement element according to any one of claims 1-15, the disengagement element being disposed in the channel opening.

17. The heat insulation cover according to claim 16, characterized in that, The disengaging element is fixed in the channel opening of the protective layer such that, in the non-securely installed state of the heat insulation cover: F ≤ 100 N, where F is the force required to displace the disengaging element relative to the protective layer in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction.

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