Return spring for retracting brake pad
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2021-03-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-14
Smart Images

Figure CN113531015B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to a return spring that assists in the retraction of a brake pad after the brake is released. More specifically, at least a portion of the material of the return spring is stretched during braking and returns to its unstretched state upon brake release. The invention also relates to a brake assembly including said return spring. Background Technology
[0002] Typically, a brake system, such as a disc brake system, includes a brake disc (sometimes referred to as a rotor), a brake caliper body, a brake caliper support bracket, and two or more brake pads, such as an inner brake pad and an outer brake pad, on opposite sides of the brake disc. The two or more brake pads are mounted and positioned adjacent to the brake caliper support bracket such that the brake pads can move axially toward or away from the rotor along the rotor axis, the piston bore axis, or both. The brake assembly may include a shim clip mounted between the brake caliper support bracket and the brake pads, such that the brake pads are held within the brake assembly and move along the shim clip. A disc brake system may also include one or more springs to assist in the retraction of the brake pads from the rotor upon brake release, and the one or more springs may be part of the shim clip. Examples of shim clips and shim retraction springs are disclosed in U.S. Patents Nos. 7,318,503, 6,003,642, and 5,699,882, and US2016 / 0053837A1.
[0003] In the non-braking state, the braking system may be subjected to forces that cause one or more components of the braking system to come into contact with each other, resulting in a clicking noise that may be heard by the occupants of a vehicle equipped with a braking system. There is a ongoing need to provide new and improved pads to reduce the sliding resistance of the brake pads along the brake caliper support bracket; to prevent direct contact between components within the braking system and other components within the braking system (e.g., to prevent direct contact between the brake pads and the brake caliper support bracket); to reduce noise, vibration, and harsh sounds; or combinations thereof.
[0004] It is also necessary to reduce residual braking resistance in the non-braking state, that is, to avoid unnecessary frictional contact between the brake pads and the rotating brake disc in the non-braking state. Generally, the non-braking state can refer to the state when no braking is applied.
[0005] It would be beneficial to provide a braking system or at least a portion thereof that has reduced residual resistance in the non-braking state. Summary of the Invention
[0006] The present invention provides at least one solution that meets the above requirements.
[0007] A return spring is provided for axially retracting a brake pad when the brake is released.
[0008] The return spring includes a spring body having a first portion, a second portion, and an intermediate portion connecting the first portion and the second portion. The first portion includes a contact portion for contacting a brake pad. The second portion is configured to connect to a brake caliper support bracket. The material of the first portion, extending axially between the contact portion and the intermediate portion, is configured to stretch axially during braking and return to its unstretched state when the brake is released.
[0009] Typically, the material of the first part can be reversibly stretched. In other words, when braking is completed and the brake is released, the material of the first part elastically returns to its original shape and / or length under no-load conditions of the return spring. Because the material of the return spring itself is stretched during braking, the stiffness of the return spring may depend on the material and / or geometry and can be adjusted according to actual needs. The material of the return spring can typically include metals such as steel or composite materials.
[0010] Therefore, the corresponding length change of the spring can be very small. This relatively small length change, combined with high spring stiffness and localized deformation, can result in relatively controlled clearance, independent of other caliper characteristics, such as displacement force. Furthermore, the return spring is configured to be fixed to the caliper support bracket. The contact portion can be configured to connect or attach the return spring to the brake pad. It is conceivable that, for example, at least in the unloaded state of the return spring, the straight segment extending axially from the contact portion to the intermediate portion is entirely within the material of the first portion. In other words, the portion of the spring extending axially from the contact portion to the intermediate portion can have a convex shape, a non-concave shape, or a planar shape.
[0011] The first portion may have a planar shape. In particular, the portion extending between the contact portion and the intermediate portion may have a planar shape, such as a plate shape. The first portion typically extends axially. Furthermore, the second portion may have a planar shape. The second portion typically extends laterally. The intermediate portion may have a curved shape. In some instances, the first and second portions are arranged at an angle to each other. For example, the angle between the first and second portions may be between 70° and 110°, optionally between 80° and 100°, and preferably 90°.
[0012] Brake pads typically comprise a backing plate and friction material bonded to the backing plate facing the brake disc. Typically, the friction material of the brake pads is susceptible to wear, resulting in a reduction in the axial thickness of the friction material. However, the return spring should provide a relatively constant return force, unaffected by brake pad wear. According to some embodiments, the return spring irreversibly deforms (i.e., undergoes plastic deformation) as the brake pad wears. In particular, the length of the second portion may decrease and / or the length of the first portion may increase.
[0013] Preferably, the second portion can engage with an engagement feature on the brake caliper support bracket. The engagement feature and the second portion can be configured such that the second portion is securely held in place by the engagement feature when the force pulling the first portion is below a predetermined value. The engagement feature and the second portion can be configured such that if the force pulling the first portion exceeds a predetermined value, the second portion moves relative to the engagement feature. According to some embodiments, the second portion is configured to be movably, for example, slidably attached to the brake caliper support bracket. In particular, the second portion can be configured to slide relative to the brake caliper support bracket when the force pulling the first portion exceeds a predetermined value. Due to the pulling force on the first portion, the sliding of the second portion relative to the brake caliper support bracket results in shortening of the second portion and a corresponding elongation of the first portion. In this way, wear of the brake pads can be compensated (see also below).
[0014] The return spring can be configured such that when the force pulling the first part exceeds a predetermined value or limit during braking, the axial length of the first part increases and / or the length of the second part decreases. In other words, a length change occurs during braking, wherein the length remains irreversibly changed when the return spring is unloaded, i.e., when the brake is released. Typically, the increase in the length of the first part and / or the decrease in the length of the second part is irreversible. The net increase in the length of the first part can be substantially equal to the net decrease in the length of the second part. Typically, the increase in the length of the first part compensates for the wear of the brake pads. In this way, the return force provided by the return spring can remain substantially constant, unaffected by the wear of the brake pads. The increase in the length of the first part can correspond to a decrease in the thickness of the brake pads. The irreversible increase in the length of the first part should not be confused with the reversible elastic axial stretching of the first part.
[0015] Optionally, the second portion includes a groove that engages with the engagement feature. In this case, the groove can slide relative to the engagement feature. For example, the second portion may include two legs. The legs may define the groove. The legs may extend substantially parallel to each other.
[0016] The return spring can be configured such that the first portion reversibly stretches by up to 0.5 mm, preferably up to 0.3 mm, more preferably, particularly when the maximum braking force is applied, by up to 0.2 mm and / or optionally up to 0.15 mm. In an exemplary embodiment, particularly when the maximum braking force is applied, the first portion reversibly stretches by 0.1 mm. The spring stiffness of the return spring can be at least 250 N / mm, preferably at least 400 N / mm, more preferably at least 500 N / mm.
[0017] Furthermore, it is conceivable that the brake pad clamp includes at least one retainer supporting the brake pad. The retainer may, for example, support the brake pad in a lateral direction perpendicular to the axial direction. The brake pad clamp may further include two retainers, each retainer supporting the brake pad. The brake pad clamp may include a connecting portion that connects the two retainers and extends generally axially. Based on the above description, two of the return springs may be assigned to the brake pad clamp, each return spring axially retracting one of the brake pads upon brake release. The number of return springs and the number of retainers may be the same. The retainers may be arranged on different sides of the brake pad.
[0018] The return spring and / or retainer and / or connecting portion may each be formed from a single part. The return spring may be movably arranged relative to the clip and / or retainer. Optionally, the return spring may be slidably attached to the clip and / or retainer. The function of the return spring may be integrated with other functions of the clip. For example, the return spring may be separate from the clip and / or retainer, slidably attached, or made from a single part that includes the clip and / or retainer.
[0019] The present invention also provides a brake assembly including a return spring according to the above description and a brake caliper support bracket for supporting a disc brake. The brake caliper support bracket includes an engagement feature for securing a portion of the return spring to the brake pad.
[0020] The engagement feature may include a protrusion, which may be an axial protrusion. Furthermore, the engagement feature may include a retaining element that can be secured to the protrusion. In some embodiments, a second portion may be secured between the protrusion and the retaining element. The brake caliper support bracket may also include an abutting surface of the retainer of the abutting pad as described above. The brake assembly may also include the pad as described above. The engagement feature of the brake caliper support bracket typically engages with a second portion of the return spring. Additionally, the engagement feature of the brake caliper support bracket may include an edge around which the middle portion of the pad is arranged.
[0021] When the force applied to the first part exceeds a predetermined value, the second part slides on the engagement feature, for example, in the lateral direction, and partially flexes around the edge of the engagement feature, thereby increasing the axial length of the first part.
[0022] Those skilled in the art will understand that features and / or functions described only with respect to the return spring can be combined with features of the brake caliper support bracket and / or brake assembly, and vice versa, as long as these features do not contradict each other. Attached Figure Description
[0023] Various objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description of the embodiments.
[0024] Figure 1 A perspective view of the brake assembly is shown schematically.
[0025] Figure 2 Show Figure 1 Side view of the brake assembly.
[0026] Figure 3 A perspective view of a brake caliper support bracket is shown, in which a pad for supporting the brake pad and a return spring for retracting the brake pad are mounted on the brake caliper support bracket.
[0027] Figure 4 Show Figure 3 Side view of the brake caliper support bracket and pad.
[0028] Figure 5 Show Figure 1 A horizontal cross-sectional view of a portion of the component.
[0029] Figure 6 Show Figure 4 A horizontal cross-sectional view of part of the structure.
[0030] Figures 7A to 7C The diagram schematically illustrates different states of a portion of the retraction spring.
[0031] List of reference numerals
[0032] 1. Brake assembly
[0033] 2 Brake pads
[0034] 3 Brake caliper support bracket
[0035] 4. Gaps
[0036] 5 pads
[0037] 6. Holder
[0038] 7. Connection Part
[0039] 8 Adjacent surfaces
[0040] 9. Joining characteristics
[0041] 10 Retraction Springs
[0042] 11 Part 1
[0043] 12 Part Two
[0044] 13 Middle section
[0045] 14 Contact parts
[0046] 15 legs
[0047] 16 slots
[0048] 17 Spring Body
[0049] 18 Protruding sections
[0050] 19 Adjacent segments
[0051] 20 Protrusions
[0052] 21 Pad Ears
[0053] 22 Edge
[0054] 23. Protrusion
[0055] 24 T-shaped components
[0056] 25 Fasteners
[0057] 26. Elastic end Detailed Implementation
[0058] In the following text, repeated and similar features are given the same reference numerals.
[0059] Figure 1 and Figure 2 The diagram shows a perspective view and a side view of a portion of a brake assembly 1, which can be used to generate braking force, for example, for braking a vehicle. Typically, brake assembly 1 includes a brake caliper (not shown), two brake pads 2, a brake disc (not shown), and a brake caliper support bracket 3 for supporting the brake caliper. The brake caliper is sometimes also referred to as a housing. The brake caliper support bracket 3 supports the two brake pads 2, with a gap 4 between the two brake pads 2 to accommodate the brake disc. The brake caliper can be used to support the brake pads 2 within the brake system, accommodate one or more pistons, axially move the brake pads 2, assist in generating braking, or a combination of these functions. Each brake pad 2 includes a backing plate and friction material bonded to the backing plate. Typically, the friction material faces the brake disc.
[0060] Figure 3 and Figure 4 Show Figure 1 and Figure 2The brake assembly 1, wherein the brake pad 2 is removed. For example... Figures 1 to 4 As shown, optional clips 5 located on each side of the brake caliper support bracket 3 assist in retaining the brake pads 2 within the brake caliper support bracket 3. Each clip 5 includes two retainers 6, each retainer for supporting the brake pads 2. The retainers 6 are connected to each other via connecting portions 7. As illustrated, it is conceivable that the two clips 5 can laterally support the two brake pads 2. In some embodiments, the clips are omitted.
[0061] Furthermore, the clip 5 is located on the brake caliper support bracket 3. The clip 5 may include a protruding section 18, which generally matches the shape of the protrusion 20 of the brake caliper support bracket 3. In addition, the clip 5 may include one or more adjacent sections 19, which generally match the shape of one or more adjacent surfaces 8 of the brake caliper support bracket 3.
[0062] According to the invention, at least one return spring 10 is configured to retract the brake pad 2 after the brake is released. In the illustrated embodiment, the brake assembly 1 includes four return springs 10, each engaging one of the brake pads 2. In other words, each brake pad 2 is assigned two return springs 10. Each return spring 10 is configured to axially retract the brake pad 2 upon brake release. Thus, after braking has been applied, the return spring 10 assists in retracting the brake pad 2. The return spring 10 can store energy during braking and release the stored energy upon brake release. The return spring 10 can apply an axial force relative to the disc brake in the retraction direction to axially retract the brake pad 2 after braking is completed.
[0063] In the described embodiments, the return spring 10 and the retainer 6 are separate parts. In some embodiments, the retainer 6 is fixed (i.e., immovable), while the return spring 10 is configured to be movable relative to the retainer 6, for example, slidable. In a further embodiment, the return spring 10 may be slidably connected to the retainer 6.
[0064] In an alternative embodiment, the retainer 6 and the return spring 10 are formed as a single component and may, for example, be movable relative to the brake caliper support bracket 3.
[0065] Figure 5 A more detailed representation of the return spring 10 is shown in Figure 7. The return spring 10 has a spring body 17, which has a first portion 11, a second portion 12, and an intermediate portion 13. The intermediate portion 13 connects the first portion 11 and the second portion 12.
[0066] The first part 11 includes a contact portion 14 for contacting the brake pad 2. For example, the contact portion 14 may include a protrusion or tab adjacent to the brake pad 2. The contact portion 14 may also be fixed to the brake pad 2, for example by riveting or other methods, preferably to a pad lug, to directly fix the return spring 10 to the brake pad 2. In this case, the installation process will be affected. More specifically, each brake pad 2 may include two laterally extending opposing pad lugs 21 to abut against the contact portion 14 of the return spring 10. Furthermore, each retainer 6 includes a resilient end 26 for vertically supporting the brake pad 2. More specifically, each pad lug 21 is fixed between the resilient end 26 and the protrusion 20.
[0067] The second portion 12 of the return spring 10 is connected to the brake caliper support bracket 3. The second portion 12 may include two legs 15 and a slot 16 extending between the two legs 15. The legs 15 may be slidably attached to the engagement feature 9 of the brake caliper support bracket 3. The legs 15 extend parallel to each other.
[0068] The first portion 11 and the second portion 12 generally have a planar shape. The intermediate portion 13 has a curved shape and flexes around the edge 22 of the engagement feature 9. The first portion 11 and the second portion 12 are arranged at an angle to each other. For example, the angle between the first portion 11 and the second portion 12 is between 70° and 110°, such as between 80° and 100°. In this embodiment, the angle between the first portion 11 and the second portion 12 is 90°. The first portion 11 extends axially, while the second portion 12 extends laterally. In this disclosure, the axial direction is defined as the axial movement of the brake pad 2 toward the brake disc during braking. The lateral direction may be perpendicular to the axial direction. Both the axial and lateral directions may lie in a horizontal plane.
[0069] In some instances, the return spring 10 includes a plate and two leg portions. Each leg portion may include an axially extending leg portion connected to the plate, a knee portion 13, and a laterally extending leg portion 12. The axial leg portion and the lateral leg portion 12 may be arranged at an angle relative to each other. The lateral leg portion 12 may be connected to the engagement feature 9 of the brake caliper support bracket 3, and the knee portion 13 may have a flexural / bending shape. The aforementioned first portion 11 may include the axial leg portion and the plate.
[0070] The material of the first portion 11, extending axially between the contact portion 14 and the intermediate portion 13, is configured to stretch axially (deform axially) during braking and return to its unstretched state when the brake is released. In a typical configuration, the first portion 11 is stretched by up to 0.5 mm, for example, up to 0.2 mm. Furthermore, in both the loaded and unloaded states of the return spring 10, the straight segment extending axially from the contact portion 14 to the intermediate portion 13 is entirely within the material of the first portion 11.
[0071] Engaging feature 9 includes an edge 22, with a central portion 13 arranged or flexed around the edge 22. Furthermore, the engaging feature 9 of the brake caliper support bracket 3 engages with the second portion 12 of the return spring 10. More specifically, engaging feature 9 may include a protrusion 23 that can extend axially. Protrusion 23 defines an abutment surface that extends laterally to contact the second portion 12. Engaging feature 9 and / or protrusion 23 may be separate parts (see [link to product description]). Figure 6 The engagement feature 9 is secured to the brake caliper support bracket 3, for example, by mechanical fasteners such as screws. However, the engagement feature and / or protrusion 23 may also be integrally formed with the brake caliper support bracket 3. The engagement feature 9 may further include a retaining element 24 that can be secured to the protrusion 23. A second portion may be located between the protrusion 23 and the retaining element 24. The retaining element may be a T-shaped element 24, which may be secured to the protrusion 23, for example, by fasteners 25 such as bolts or screws. The legs 15 of the second portion 12 may be clamped between the T-shaped element 24 of the engagement feature 9 and the protrusion 23. In other words, the retaining element 24 engages with a groove 16 extending between the legs of the second portion 12.
[0072] The operating mode of the return spring 10 is explained below. When braking is initiated, the brake pad 2 moves toward the brake disc. Therefore, the return spring 10, i.e., the first portion 11, is stretched axially. More specifically, the material of the spring 10 extending between the contact portion 14 and the intermediate portion 13 is stretched, for example, the material of the plate and axial support leg portions, and the spring 10 deforms axially. After braking has been applied, the brake pad 2 is removed from the brake disc. The return spring 10 assists in retracting the brake pad 2 from the brake disc by providing spring force in the axial direction, forcing the brake pad 2 back to its initial position.
[0073] Therefore, in the non-braking state (i.e., when the brake is released and / or no braking is applied), the return spring 10 can reduce or even eliminate the frictional contact (residual braking resistance) between the brake pad 2 and the rotating brake disc. The return spring 10 has a relatively high spring stiffness of at least 250 N / mm when the material of the first part 11 is stretched. In some instances, the spring stiffness is at least 500 N / mm. The spring stiffness depends on Young's modulus and the dimensions of the return spring. Suitable materials for the return spring 10 include various metals, steel, stainless steel, or composite materials.
[0074] Typically, brake pad 2 is susceptible to wear during its service life. Wear of brake pad 2 results in a reduction in its axial thickness. More specifically, the friction material of brake pad 2 wears down. However, the return spring 10 should provide a substantially constant return force, unaffected by brake pad wear. According to some embodiments, the return spring 10 undergoes plastic deformation due to brake pad wear. In particular, the length of the second portion 12 may decrease, while the length of the first portion 11 may increase.
[0075] In the following text, please refer to the following references. Figures 7A to 7C . Figure 7A The diagram shows a portion of the return spring 10 in its first state. Here, the diagram shows the state of the return spring 10, where the new brake pad 2 ( Figures 7A to 7C (Not shown) The brake pad 2 is just installed in the brake assembly 10, i.e., it has not yet been worn. When braking is applied, the brake pad 2 moves toward the brake disc, causing a force F1 to pull the return spring 10 between the contact portion 14 and the pivot point P1 located in the intermediate portion 13. Therefore, the material of the return spring 10 extending from the contact portion 14 to the pivot point P1 is stretched axially. The second portion 12 and the engagement feature 9 (or more specifically, the fixing element 24) are configured such that if the force F1 is below a predetermined value, the second portion 12 is securely fixed by the engagement feature 9. Therefore, the length and shape of the second portion 12 are unaffected by the braking action.
[0076] As described above, the second part 12 can be configured to be movably attached to the brake caliper support bracket 3. Specifically, the second part 12 can be configured to slide relative to the brake caliper support bracket 3 when the force F2 pulling the first part exceeds a predetermined value. This is, for example, the case where wear occurs. If wear occurs, the brake pads will typically move closer to the brake disc. Higher return spring tension reflects this, resulting in proportional deformation of the return spring in the edge region if properly designed. In this case, the support leg 15 can slide relative to the engagement feature 9. Figure 7BThis particular case is illustrated in the diagram. Whether the second part 12 can move can be determined by various factors such as the shape of the edge 22, the fixing element 24, the shape and thickness of the first part 11 and / or the second part 12, and the angle between the first part 11 and the second part 12. Generally, there should be some gap between the second part 12 and the fixing element 24 so that the second part 12, in particular the support leg 15, can move when necessary.
[0077] Due to wear of the brake pad 2, the distance between the brake pad 2 and the fixing points on the brake caliper support bracket 3, such as edge 22, increases. Therefore, the force F2 that axially pulls the return spring 10 can be greater than the force F1. (As...) Figure 7B As indicated by the arrow, when the force F2 exceeds the predetermined value, the second part 12 moves slightly relative to the engagement feature 9 of the brake caliper support bracket 3.
[0078] Therefore, the lateral length of the second part 12 and the axial length of the first part 11 change simultaneously, such that when the retraction spring 10 is unloaded, the lateral length of the second part 12 decreases and the axial length of the first part 11 increases. Figure 7C The following describes a new situation. Here, the net increase in the length of the first part 11 can be equal to the net decrease in the length of the second part 12. The increase in the length of the first part 11 compensates for the wear of the brake pad 2. In this way, the return force provided by the return spring 10 can remain substantially constant, independent of the wear of the brake pad. However, due to the increase in the length of the first part 11, the stiffness of the first part 11 may decrease to some extent. In particular, the increase in the length of the first part 11 corresponds to the decrease in the thickness of the brake pad 2. Figure 7C As shown, pivot point P1 moves toward the brake disc. Subsequent braking causes the material between the new pivot point P2 and contact portion 14 to be stretched.
[0079] It is obvious to technicians that Figures 1 to 6 and Figures 7A to 7C Any of the features shown can be combined with each other or claimed individually, as long as these features do not contradict each other.
Claims
1. A retraction spring (10) for axially retracting a brake pad (2) upon brake release. The retraction spring (10) has a spring body (17) having a first part (11), a second part (12) and an intermediate part (13) connecting the first part (11) and the second part (12). The first part (11) includes a contact portion (14) for contacting the brake pad (2). The second part (12) is configured to connect to the brake caliper support bracket (3). The material of the first portion (11), which extends axially between the contact portion (14) and the intermediate portion (13), is configured to stretch axially during braking and return to its unstretched state when the brake is released. The second part (12) is configured to be slidably attached to the brake caliper support bracket (3), and The second part (12) includes a groove (16) for engaging with a engagement feature (9) on the brake caliper support bracket (3).
2. The retraction spring (10) according to claim 1, wherein the first part (11) and the second part (12) are arranged at an angle to each other.
3. The retraction spring (10) according to claim 2, wherein the angle between the first portion (11) and the second portion (12) is between 70° and 110°.
4. The retraction spring (10) according to claim 1, wherein the retraction spring (10) is configured such that when the force pulling the first part (11) during braking exceeds a predetermined limit, the axial length of the first part (11) increases irreversibly, while the length of the second part (12) decreases irreversibly.
5. The retraction spring (10) according to claim 1, wherein the retraction spring (10) is configured such that the first portion (11) is reversibly stretched by up to 0.5 mm.
6. The retraction spring (10) according to claim 5, wherein when the maximum braking force is applied, the first portion (11) is reversibly stretched by up to 0.2 mm.
7. The retraction spring (10) according to claim 5, wherein when the maximum braking force is applied, the first portion (11) is reversibly stretched to 0.1 mm.
8. The retraction spring (10) according to claim 1, wherein the spring stiffness of the retraction spring (10) is at least 250 N / mm.
9. The retraction spring (10) according to claim 8, wherein the spring stiffness of the retraction spring (10) is at least 400 N / mm.
10. The retraction spring (10) according to claim 8, wherein the spring stiffness of the retraction spring (10) is at least 500 N / mm.
11. The retraction spring (10) according to claim 1, wherein the first portion (11) has a planar shape, and / or the second portion (12) has a planar shape, and / or the intermediate portion (13) has a curved shape.
12. A brake assembly (1) comprising a return spring (10) according to any one of the preceding claims and a brake caliper support bracket (3) for supporting a brake caliper of a disc brake, said brake caliper support bracket (3) include: Engaging feature (9) for securing to the second part (12) of the retraction spring (10).
13. The brake assembly (1) according to claim 12, wherein the engagement feature (9) includes an axial protrusion (23) and a fixing element (24) fixed to the protrusion (23).
14. The brake assembly (1) according to claim 12, further comprising a pad (5) including at least one retainer (6) for supporting the brake pad (2), wherein the brake caliper support bracket (3) includes an abutment surface (8) adjacent to at least one retainer (6) of the pad (5).
Citation Information
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