A mine exploitation method and a track laying method

Abstract

The application discloses a mine exploitation track laying method and a mine exploitation method. The mine exploitation track laying method directly sets a track groove on the surface of a mine by using a grooving machine, so that the track groove structure is simpler, the laying method is simpler, time and labor are saved, the track groove is directly set on the surface of the mine and has high structural strength, and the track groove has better use effect. No track component is arranged in the whole process, and basically no consumables are consumed. The cost is reduced, and the time for laying a traditional track is saved. The mine exploitation method adopts the track laying method, replaces the traditional track laying method, has the advantages of the mine exploitation track laying method, can improve the mine exploitation efficiency and reduce the mine exploitation cost in the mine exploitation, simultaneously, a hoisting device is used to move a mine stone cutting machine, the moving speed is fast, the track is convenient to replace, and the stone cutting is continued. The track laying quantity can be reduced, and the overall structure of a walking mechanism of the mine stone cutting machine can be simplified.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mining, and more particularly to a method for laying tracks and mining operations in mining. Background Technology

[0002] Mining requires laying tracks on the exposed mine surface for mining machinery (such as stone cutters). The existing track laying process involves: First, clearing and leveling the mine surface, removing surface soil to expose the ore, and leveling any protruding ore to create a relatively flat surface; second, establishing elevation points using flexible water pipes to mark the elevations at both ends of the mine and along the two parallel tracks, and then using string lines for positioning; third, laying foundation blocks on the mine surface, using the string lines as a reference, ensuring the blocks are flush with the lines; finally, laying the tracks by installing them on the blocks and adjusting their curvature to ensure straightness, completing the track laying. This method of track laying is labor-intensive, and after mining is completed, dismantling is also required. The installation of this type of track is complicated by the complex manual work involved, making it time-consuming and labor-intensive. Furthermore, the significant vibrations generated by the stone cutter during mining can cause the track and pads to loosen and shift, leading to tilting, deviation, or damage. This makes it impossible to maintain a consistently level track, resulting in high material consumption, poor structural strength, and potential safety hazards. Additionally, the stone cutter's tendency to tilt or sway during operation causes the cutting blades to tilt or wobble, deviating from their cutting path and resulting in large kerfs, uneven surfaces, and compromised cutting stability and quality. This also damages the cutting blades, shortening their lifespan and reducing mining efficiency.

[0003] In view of this, the inventor, in order to address the numerous shortcomings and inconveniences caused by the imperfections in the aforementioned track laying and mining methods, has conceived and actively researched and tested improvements to develop this invention. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for laying track in mining operations, which uses a slotting machine to directly open track grooves on the surface of the mine. The track groove structure is simple, the laying method is simpler, and the structural strength is high. There are no track components required throughout the process, and there are basically zero consumables, which not only reduces costs but also saves time compared to traditional track laying.

[0005] Another objective of this invention is to provide a mining method that employs the aforementioned track laying method, which not only possesses the advantages of the track laying method but also improves mining efficiency and reduces mining costs.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the solution of the present invention is:

[0007] A method for laying tracks in mining operations includes the following steps:

[0008] S1. Clean and level the surface of the mine;

[0009] S2. Using a grooving machine, grooves are formed on the surface of the mine along a pre-planned route to create multiple track grooves for the traveling wheels on both sides of the traveling mechanism to roll.

[0010] An electronic guidance system between the start and end points of the track groove; the electronic guidance system restricts the movement of the walking mechanism along the extension direction of the track groove.

[0011] Both ends of the track groove are equipped with a limit system to brake the walking mechanism in time when it moves to the end of the track groove.

[0012] All track grooves extend in the same direction; or the track grooves are divided into transverse track grooves and longitudinal track grooves, which are arranged in a crisscross pattern.

[0013] A mining method comprising the following steps:

[0014] S1. Clean and level the surface of the mine;

[0015] S2. Use a grooving machine to grind grooves on the surface of the mine along a pre-planned route to form multiple track grooves;

[0016] S3. Use hoisting equipment to lift the mining stone cutter and place it on the surface of the mine, and the traveling wheels on both sides of the traveling mechanism of the mining stone cutter are respectively locked in two adjacent track grooves;

[0017] S4, the mining stone cutter travels along the track groove and cuts the stone.

[0018] An electronic guidance system between the start and end points of the track groove; the electronic guidance system restricts the movement of the walking mechanism along the extension direction of the track groove.

[0019] Both ends of the track groove are equipped with a limit system to brake the walking mechanism in time when it moves to the end of the track groove.

[0020] The mining stone cutting machine includes a stone cutting machine body and a walking mechanism for moving the stone cutting machine body on the mine to cut stone. The walking mechanism has a base plate, four sets of walking wheels movably set at the four corners of the base plate, and a balance adjustment mechanism for adjusting the position of the four corners of the base plate. The walking wheels travel on the track or the mine surface and support the base plate suspended above the mine surface. The balance adjustment mechanism adjusts the positional relationship between the four corners of the base plate and the corresponding walking wheels to keep the four corners of the base plate on the same horizontal plane. The rotation spindle of the cutting tool of the stone cutting machine body is set parallel to the base plate.

[0021] The mining stone cutting machine is also equipped with an intelligent system, which includes a control module, an automatic cutting system connected to the control module, a real-time monitoring system, and a remote control system. The automatic cutting system controls the cutting depth, cutting speed, and travel speed of the stone cutting machine with each cut. The real-time monitoring system records the operation of the stone cutting machine, generates reports, handles faults promptly, and sends relevant data to the client in a timely manner. The remote control system receives data from the real-time monitoring system and remotely controls the operation of the stone cutting machine based on the received data.

[0022] After step S4, the mining stone cutter is lifted up using hoisting equipment to replace the track groove, and steps S3 and S4 are repeated to continuously cut and mine the stone.

[0023] With the above structure, the track laying method of the present invention in mining adopts a grooving machine to directly open track grooves on the surface of the mine, making the track groove structure simpler, the laying method simpler, and saving time and labor. The track groove is directly opened on the surface of the mine, which makes its structure strong and unaffected by the vibration force generated by the stone cutting machine when cutting the stone. The track groove has a better performance when put into use. There are no track components to be set up throughout the process, and there are basically zero consumables, which not only reduces costs but also saves time compared to traditional track laying.

[0024] The mining method of this invention adopts the above-mentioned track laying method to replace the traditional track laying method. It not only has the advantages of the track laying method in mining, but also improves mining efficiency and reduces mining costs. At the same time, the use of hoisting equipment to move the mining stone cutter allows for fast movement and convenient track replacement to continue cutting stone. This not only reduces the number of tracks to be laid, but also simplifies the overall structure of the walking mechanism of the mining stone cutter. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the track trough used in the mining process according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the track trough used in conjunction with the traveling mechanism in the mining operation of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mining stone cutting machine of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the walking mechanism of the mining stone cutting machine of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a front view schematic diagram of the walking mechanism of the mining stone cutting machine of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the walking mechanism of the mining stone cutting machine of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the balance cylinder of the mining stone cutting machine of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 This is an exploded view of the balance cylinder of the mining stone cutting machine of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the balance cylinder of the mining stone cutting machine of the present invention.

[0034] Symbol Explanation

[0035] 10 walking mechanisms on the mine surface

[0036] 231 traveling wheels, 1 track groove

[0037] Electronic guidance system 3

[0038] Base plate 21, end corner 211

[0039] Support base 22, travel wheel set 23

[0040] Balance cylinder 24, cylinder seat 241

[0041] Piston rod 242 universal joint 25

[0042] Neck retraction 243, bulbous head 251

[0043] Locking nut 252, flange spherical bearing 253

[0044] Spherical groove ring 2531, clearance hole 2532

[0045] Guide hole 221 Guide rod 212

[0046] Support block 222, column 12. Detailed Implementation

[0047] To further explain the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below through specific embodiments.

[0048] Please see Figure 1 This invention discloses a method for laying tracks in mining operations, which includes the following steps:

[0049] S1. Clean and level the surface of the mine;

[0050] S2. Using a grooving machine, grooves are formed on the surface 10 of the mine along a pre-planned route to create multiple track grooves 1 for the traveling wheels 2311 on both sides of the traveling mechanism 2 to roll and travel.

[0051] The present invention discloses a track laying method for mining operations, which utilizes a grooving machine to directly create track grooves 1 on the mine surface 10. This simplifies the structure and laying method of the track grooves 1, saving time and labor. The track grooves 1 are directly created on the mine surface, resulting in high structural strength and protection from the vibration generated by the stone cutting machine during stone cutting. The track grooves 1 also provide better performance when put into use. The entire process requires no track components, essentially eliminating material consumption. This not only reduces costs but also saves time compared to traditional track laying methods.

[0052] The present invention includes an electronic guidance system 3 between the start and end points of the track groove 1; the electronic guidance system 3 restricts the traction walking mechanism 2 from moving along the extension direction of the track groove 1; it can ensure that the walking mechanism 2 moves in a straight line along the track groove 1, so that the mining stone cutter can cut the stone in a straight line and achieve good mining results.

[0053] The track groove 1 of the present invention is provided with a limiting system at both ends to brake the walking mechanism 2 in time when it moves to the end of the track groove 1; the limiting system stops the walking mechanism 2 in time when it moves to the end of the track groove 1, so as to prevent the walking mechanism 2 from moving outside the track groove 1 and causing an accident, thus improving safety.

[0054] All track grooves 1 of the present invention extend in the same direction; there are many hoisting devices in the mining site, and the walking mechanism 2 can be lifted and moved by the hoisting devices to change the track groove, which can save the time and cost of laying the track.

[0055] The track groove 1 of the present invention is divided into a transverse track groove and a longitudinal track groove. The transverse track groove and the longitudinal track groove are arranged in a crisscross pattern. The traveling mechanism 2 can change the track at the intersection of the transverse track groove and the longitudinal track groove, making mining more convenient.

[0056] Please see Figures 1 to 9 The present invention also discloses a mining method comprising the following steps:

[0057] S1. Clean and level the surface of the mine;

[0058] S2. Using a grooving machine, multiple track grooves 1 are formed on the surface 10 of the mine along a pre-planned route;

[0059] S3. The mining stone cutter is lifted by hoisting equipment and placed on the mine surface 10, and the walking wheels 2311 on both sides of the walking mechanism 2 of the mining stone cutter are respectively locked in two adjacent track grooves 1.

[0060] S4, the mining stone cutter travels along the track groove and cuts the stone.

[0061] The mining method of this invention employs the aforementioned track laying method, replacing the traditional track laying method. A grooving machine directly creates track grooves 1 on the mine surface 10, simplifying the structure and laying method of the track grooves 1, saving time and labor. The track grooves 1, directly created on the mine surface, have high structural strength and are unaffected by the vibrations generated by the stone cutter during stone cutting, resulting in better performance. The entire process requires no track components, essentially eliminating consumables, reducing costs and saving time compared to traditional track laying. Furthermore, it improves mining efficiency and reduces mining costs. Simultaneously, the use of hoisting equipment to move the stone cutter allows for fast movement and convenient track replacement for continued stone cutting. This not only reduces the number of tracks required but also simplifies the overall structure of the stone cutter's walking mechanism.

[0062] The present invention includes an electronic guidance system 3 between the start and end points of the track groove 1; the electronic guidance system 3 restricts the traction walking mechanism 2 from moving along the extension direction of the track groove 1; it can ensure that the walking mechanism 2 moves along the track groove 1, so that the mining stone cutter can cut the stone in a straight line and achieve good mining results.

[0063] The track groove 1 of the present invention is provided with a limiting system at both ends to brake the walking mechanism 2 in time when it moves to the end of the track groove 1; the limiting system stops the walking mechanism 2 in time when it moves to the end of the track groove 1, so as to prevent the walking mechanism 2 from moving outside the track groove 1 and causing an accident, thus improving safety.

[0064] The stone cutting machine of this invention includes a stone cutting machine body and a walking mechanism 2 for transporting the stone cutting machine body to move and cut stone on the mine. The walking mechanism 2 has a base plate 21, four walking wheel sets 23 movably arranged at the four end corners 211 of the base plate 21, and a balance adjustment mechanism for adjusting the position of the four end corners 211 of the base plate 21. The walking wheel sets 23 walk on the mine surface and support the base plate 21 suspended above the mine surface. The balance adjustment mechanism adjusts the positional relationship between the four end corners 211 of the base plate 21 and the corresponding walking wheel sets 23 to keep the four end corners 211 of the base plate 21 on the same horizontal plane. The rotating spindle 11 of the cutting tool of the stone cutting machine body is arranged parallel to the base plate 21. During the walking and cutting process, if the walking wheel sets 23 are tilted or shaken due to unevenness of the track or the mine surface, the balance adjustment mechanism will adjust the position. The mechanism can adjust the four corners 211 of the base plate 21 of the walking mechanism 2, that is, adjust the positional relationship between the four corners 211 of the base plate 21 and the corresponding walking wheel set 23 (the walking wheel set of the present invention undulates and tilts with the unevenness of the mine surface, and the four corners 211 of the base plate 21 move in the opposite direction to the walking wheel set 23, that is, the walking wheel set 23 moves upward and the corresponding corners 211 move downward, and the two displacements cancel each other out), keeping the four corners 211 of the base plate 21 on the same horizontal plane, while the rotation spindle 11 of the cutting tool is parallel to the base plate 21, so that the cutting tool always keeps the cutting perpendicular, the cutting path will not deviate, the cutting gap is small, and the cutting surface is flat; it overcomes the tilting or shaking of the existing walking mechanism during the walking process, which affects the stability and cutting quality of stone cutting; at the same time, it can improve the service life of the cutting tool and the mining efficiency.

[0065] The mining stone cutting machine of the present invention is also equipped with an intelligent system, which includes a control module, an automatic cutting system connected to the control module, a real-time monitoring system, and a remote control system. The automatic cutting system controls the cutting depth, cutting speed, and travel speed of the stone cutting machine each time. The real-time monitoring system records the operation of the stone cutting machine, generates reports, handles faults in a timely manner, and sends relevant data to the client in a timely manner. The remote control system receives data from the real-time monitoring system and remotely controls the operation of the stone cutting machine based on the received data.

[0066] After step S4, the present invention uses a hoisting device to lift the mining stone cutter and replace the track groove 1, repeating steps S3 and S4 to continuously cut and mine the stone; the hoisting device is used to move the mining stone cutter quickly, which is fast and easy to operate.

[0067] The balance adjustment mechanism of the mining stone cutting machine of the present invention is equipped with four balance cylinders 24 at the four end corners 211 of the base plate 21. The cylinder seat 241 of the balance cylinder 24 is fixed to the traveling wheel set 23, and the end of the piston rod 242 of the balance cylinder 24 is fixed to the base plate 21. The traveling wheel set 23 is movably mounted on the base plate 21 through the balance cylinders 24. The balance cylinders 24 drive the piston rod 242 to extend or retract, causing the corresponding end corners 211 of the base plate 21 to descend or rise, adjusting the positional relationship between the four end corners 211 of the base plate 21 and the corresponding traveling wheel set 23, keeping the base plate 21 always in a horizontal state. When the traveling mechanism 2 is traveling, the traveling wheel set 23 rolls within the track groove. When the track groove is uneven, causing the base plate 21 to... When the position of the walking wheel set 23 at the end corner 211 is displaced, the balance cylinders 24 at the four end corners 211 of the base plate 21 can be driven. The piston rod 242 of the balance cylinder 24 extends or retracts to adjust the position of the end corner 211 of the base plate 21 to rise or fall, keeping the four end corners 211 of the base plate 21 on the same horizontal plane. The rotating spindle 11 of the cutting tool of the stone cutting machine body is set parallel to the base plate 21. When the base plate 21 is on a horizontal plane, the plane on which the rotating spindle 11 is located is parallel to the horizontal plane on which the base plate 21 is located, so that the cutting tool always keeps the cutting perpendicular, the cutting path will not deviate, the cutting gap is small, and the cutting surface is flat. This overcomes the problem that the existing walking mechanism tilts or shakes during the walking process, which affects the stability and cutting quality of stone cutting.

[0068] The piston rod 242 and the base plate 21 of the present invention are connected by a universal joint 25; the end angles 211 of the base plate 21 can be adjusted not only up and down, but also tilted, with a wide adjustment range and more flexible adjustment, so that the balance cylinder 24 can easily and flexibly adjust the four end angles 211 of the base plate 21 to be on the same horizontal plane; the cutting tool cuts the mine more accurately and more steadily.

[0069] The piston rod 242 of the present invention has a necked section 243 at its end. The universal joint 25 has a ball head 251 sleeved on the necked section 243, a locking nut 252 locked on the necked section 243 to prevent the ball head 251 from falling out of the necked section 243, and a flange spherical bearing 253 locked on the base plate 21. The four ends of the flange spherical bearing 253 are locked to the base plate 21 by screws. A spherical groove ring 2531 for pivoting the ball head 251 and a clearance hole 2532 for assembling the locking nut 252 are provided in the center. The spherical groove ring 2531 and the clearance hole 2532 are stepped, and the spherical groove ring 2531 is stepped. The diameter of the grooved ring 2531 is smaller than the diameter of the relief hole 2532; the relief hole 2532 is a funnel-shaped hole that gradually expands outward; when the piston rod 242 is assembled on the base plate 21, the necked section 243 passes through the spherical grooved ring 2531 and protrudes into the relief hole 2532, the ball head 251 is tightly fitted onto the necked section 243 from the relief hole 2532 and rotates universally with the spherical grooved ring 2531, and the locking nut 252 is locked into the necked section 243 from the relief hole 2532 to prevent the ball head 251 from coming out; finally, the flange spherical bearing 253 is locked onto the base plate 21, which is convenient to assemble and has a solid structure.

[0070] The base plate 21 of the present invention has four support seats 22 movably arranged above the four corners 211 of the base plate 21, and the walking wheel set 23 is arranged on the support seats 22. Each support seat 22 has a support block 222 extending from one side, and the cylinder seat 241 of the balance cylinder 24 is fixed to the top surface of the support block 222. The support block 222 is provided with a through hole for the piston rod 242 to pass through, and the piston rod 242 passes through the through hole and is fixed to the base plate 21. The balance cylinder 24 is located on one side of the support seat 22. When the piston rod 242 of the balance cylinder 24 extends or retracts, it can drive the corner 211 of the base plate 21 to descend or rise. The support seat 22 moves with the walking wheel set 23, and the balance cylinder 24 is used to adjust the positional relationship between the walking wheel set 23 and the base plate 21. It can limit the relative position of the support seat 22 and the base plate 21, keep the base plate 21 always in a horizontal state, and prevent the cutting tool from tilting or shaking. The cutting is stable, with high cutting quality and high cutting efficiency.

[0071] Each of the support seats 22 of the present invention is provided with at least two guide holes 221, and the base plate 21 is provided with a guide rod 212 passing through each guide hole 221. The cooperation structure of the guide holes 221 and the guide rods 212 allows the support seat 22 and the base plate 21 to be movably and slidably connected. When the balance cylinder 24 adjusts the end angle 211 of the base plate 21, the piston rod 242 of the balance cylinder 24 extends or retracts, which can drive the end angle 211 of the base plate 21 to drop or rise. The base plate 21 moves up and down along the sliding cooperation direction of the guide holes 221 and the guide rods 212, adjusting the positional relationship between the walking wheel set 23 and the base plate 21. This can limit the relative position of the support seat 22 and the base plate 21, keeping the base plate 21 always in a horizontal state. The cutting tool will not tilt or shake, resulting in smooth cutting, high cutting quality, and high cutting efficiency.

[0072] The base plate 21 of the present invention is provided with position sensors at its four corners 211, which are connected to the balance adjustment mechanism. During the movement and cutting process of the stone cutting machine body, the position sensors transmit the positions of the four corners 211 of the base plate 21 to the balance adjustment mechanism. After receiving the information transmitted by the position sensors, the balance cylinder 24 can automatically adjust the four corners 211 of the base plate 21 so that the four corners 211 are on the same horizontal plane. During the cutting process of the stone cutting machine body, the base plate 21 is always in a horizontal state, the cutting blade will not tilt or shake, the cutting is stable, the cutting quality is high and the cutting efficiency is high.

[0073] The stone cutting machine body of the present invention is provided with four columns 12 supporting the stone cutting machine body on the base plate 21, and the columns 12 and the balance cylinder 24 are arranged in parallel to ensure that the stone cutting machine body is upright and fixed on the base plate 21; the stone cutting machine body has a cutting blade and a blade drive motor for driving the cutting blade to rotate and cut; the cutting blade has a rotating spindle 11 connected to the blade drive motor; the stone cutting machine body is provided with a cutting blade and a blade drive mechanism on opposite sides, which can use two cutting blades to cut at the same time, thereby improving cutting efficiency.

[0074] The above embodiments and accompanying drawings are not intended to limit the product form and style of the present invention. Any appropriate changes or modifications made by those skilled in the art should be considered as not departing from the patent scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mining method, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Clean and level the surface of the mine; S2. Use a grooving machine to grind grooves on the surface of the mine along a pre-planned route to form multiple track grooves; S3. Use hoisting equipment to lift the mining stone cutter and place it on the surface of the mine, and the traveling wheels on both sides of the traveling mechanism of the mining stone cutter are respectively locked in two adjacent track grooves; The mining stone cutting machine includes a stone cutting machine body and a walking mechanism for moving the stone cutting machine body on the mine to cut stone. The walking mechanism has a base plate, four walking wheel sets movably set at the four corners of the base plate, and a balance adjustment mechanism for adjusting the position of the four corners of the base plate. The walking wheel set travels within the track groove and supports the base plate suspended above the mine surface. The balance adjustment mechanism adjusts the positional relationship between the four corners of the base plate and the corresponding walking wheel set, keeping the four corners of the base plate on the same horizontal plane. The rotating spindle of the cutting tool of the stone cutting machine body is set parallel to the base plate. The balance adjustment mechanism of the mining stone cutting machine is equipped with four balance cylinders at the four corners of the base plate. The cylinder seat of the balance cylinder is fixed on the walking wheel set, and the end of the piston rod of the balance cylinder is fixed on the base plate. The walking wheel set is movably mounted on the base plate through the balance cylinder. The balance cylinder drives the piston rod to extend or retract, causing the corresponding corners of the base plate to rise or fall, adjusting the positional relationship between the four corners of the base plate and the corresponding walking wheel set, and keeping the base plate always in a horizontal state. Support seats are movably provided above the four corners of the base plate, and the walking wheel set is provided on the support seats; a support block extends from one side of each support seat, and the cylinder seat of the balance cylinder is fixed to the top surface of the support block; and the support block is provided with a through hole for the piston rod to pass through, and the piston rod passes through the through hole and is fixed to the base plate. S4, the mining stone cutter travels along the track groove and cuts the stone.

2. The mining method as described in claim 1, characterized in that: An electronic guidance system between the start and end points of the track groove; the electronic guidance system restricts the movement of the walking mechanism along the extension direction of the track groove.

3. The mining method as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the track groove are equipped with a limit system to brake the walking mechanism in time when it moves to the end of the track groove.

4. The mining method as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The mining stone cutting machine is also equipped with an intelligent system, which includes a control module, an automatic cutting system connected to the control module, a real-time monitoring system, and a remote control system. The automatic cutting system controls the cutting depth, cutting speed, and travel speed of the stone cutting machine with each cut. The real-time monitoring system records the operation of the stone cutting machine, generates reports, handles faults promptly, and sends relevant data to the client in a timely manner. The remote control system receives data from the real-time monitoring system and remotely controls the operation of the stone cutting machine based on the received data.

5. The mining method as described in claim 1, characterized in that: After step S4, the mining stone cutter is lifted up using hoisting equipment to replace the track groove, and steps S3 and S4 are repeated to continuously cut and mine the stone.

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