A drying and preheating device for coal gangue ceramic granule forming and a method of using the same

Abstract

The present application relates to coal gangue ceramic production technical field, and disclose a kind of for coal gangue ceramic forming dry preheating device, including mainframe box and four separable drying box, mainframe box and four separable drying box are connected by main link component and auxiliary link component cooperation, the upper top and lower bottom of mainframe box are provided with dust barrier net, the inside of mainframe box is equipped with drying agent layer and hot air circulation component, one motor in the middle of mainframe box is fixed on the upper end of mainframe box inner wall by a fixed frame, a driving wheel is fixed on the output shaft of motor, four connecting wheels are also provided on the inner top wall of mainframe box by rotating shaft, and four connecting wheels are matched with four separable drying box respectively.The present application solves the problem that traditional coal gangue ceramic is directly preheated at high temperature in forging furnace, coal gangue ceramic is soft initially, and deformation and rupture may occur, which affects the quality of calcined product in later period.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal gangue ceramsite production technology, specifically to a drying and preheating device for coal gangue ceramsite molding and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] Coal ash is a black waste rock with low carbon content discharged during coal mining. It is the largest solid waste discharged in my country, and its discharge and accumulation not only occupy a large amount of arable land but also cause significant pollution to the surface and atmosphere. The chemical composition of coal ash is similar to that of clay, but it contains high levels of carbon and sulfur, and has a large loss on ignition. It can only produce a sufficient amount of molten material with suitable viscosity and expansion properties within a certain temperature range.

[0003] Before high-temperature calcination, coal gangue ceramsite is made into spherical particles. It is soft before firing and needs to be dried and preheated to set its shape, which facilitates the subsequent calcination work. Traditionally, the drying is done by directly placing it in a forging furnace for preheating. The disadvantage is that the soft coal gangue ceramsite will deform and crack if it does not undergo preliminary additional drying, which will affect the quality of the coal gangue ceramsite after calcination. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a drying and preheating device for coal gangue ceramsite molding and its usage method. This solves the problem that in traditional methods, coal gangue ceramsite is directly preheated at high temperatures in a forging furnace, resulting in initially soft coal gangue ceramsite that deforms and cracks, affecting the quality of subsequent calcination.

[0006] (II) Technical Solution

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a drying and preheating device for coal gangue ceramsite molding, comprising a main unit and four separable drying chambers, the main unit and the four separable drying chambers being connected by a main connecting component and an auxiliary connecting component; dust-blocking screens are provided on the top and bottom of the main unit; a desiccant layer and a hot air circulation component are provided inside the main unit; a motor located in the middle of the main unit is fixed to the upper end of the inner wall of the main unit by a fixing frame; a drive wheel is fixed on the output shaft of the motor; four connecting wheels are also provided on the top wall of the main unit, which rotate via a rotating shaft, and the four connecting wheels respectively cooperate with the four separable drying chambers;

[0008] The hot air circulation component includes a heating box that is fixedly mounted in the middle of the main unit chassis. Four upward-facing air inlets are connected to the upper ends of the four side walls of the heating box. The top of the heating box is connected to return pipes that face four directions and are connected to the four side walls of the heating box. An air-blocking device is also provided above the air inlets on the inner wall of the main unit chassis. A heating tube assembly is provided inside the heating box below the air inlets and fixed to the inner wall of the heating box. The bottom of the heating box is connected to a collection box through a connecting pipe with a fan. The bottom of the collection box is connected to four air outlet pipes that are respectively connected to the four side walls of the main unit chassis.

[0009] The detachable drying oven has two interfaces on its side wall that can be connected to the air outlet of the air outlet pipe and the air inlet of the return pipe.

[0010] Preferably, the detachable drying oven includes a rotating seat rotatably mounted on its inner top and bottom walls. A telescopic rod and a hydraulic cylinder are fixed to the ends of both the upper and lower rotating seats. A secondary drive wheel is fitted onto the sleeve end of the telescopic rod. A connecting wheel, the secondary drive wheel, and the drive wheel cooperate with each other. Slots are provided at corresponding positions on the main body and the side walls of the detachable drying oven. A fixing rod is fixed between the near ends of the telescopic rod and the hydraulic cylinder. Multiple sets of drying racks are movably hinged to the outer circumference of the fixing rod, with three racks in each set arranged in a ring. A support rod is movably hinged between the outer walls of each vertical row of drying racks, and a rolling ball is provided at the bottom end of the support rod. The bottom of the detachable drying oven also has four rollers, and a sealed door is provided on the side wall.

[0011] Preferably, each set of main connecting components and each set of auxiliary connecting components consists of two parts. The main connecting component includes a main unit cover fixed to the main unit chassis. The main unit cover is hollowed out on the side facing the outside of the main unit chassis, and a main T-shaped rod is fixed on the inner wall of the hollowed-out part. The auxiliary connecting component includes a secondary unit cover. The secondary unit cover is hollowed out on the side facing the outside of the detachable drying oven, and a secondary T-shaped rod is fixed on the inner wall of the hollowed-out part. Copper contact pieces are fixed to the long end of the main T-shaped rod and the short end of the secondary T-shaped rod. Magnetic blocks are embedded in the short end of the main T-shaped rod and the long end of the secondary T-shaped rod.

[0012] Preferably, the drying rack is mesh-like and has mesh railings around it to prevent material from falling off. The top of the mesh railing has a baffle plate fixed by a bracket to block moisture. The vertical distance between the baffle plate and the mesh railing is 10 centimeters.

[0013] Preferably, the air-blocking component includes a cylinder fixed to the main unit housing by a fixing block, and a cover plate fixed to the output end of the cylinder that can block the air inlet of the air inlet pipe. The total number of cover plates is four, and they are distributed corresponding to the four air inlet pipes.

[0014] Preferably, the four corners of the main unit and the four detachable drying oven side walls are all designed with rounded chamfers for protection.

[0015] Preferably, the stroke length of the hydraulic cylinder output end is the same as the stroke length of the telescopic rod extension end, and the hydraulic cylinder is electrically connected to the copper contact plate on the top of the corresponding separable drying oven through a wire. In addition, the cross-section of the telescopic rod is rectangular to ensure that both ends of the telescopic rod rotate simultaneously when rotating.

[0016] A method of using a drying and preheating device for coal gangue ceramsite molding includes the following steps:

[0017] S1. Material loading: The granulated coal gangue ceramsite is placed inside the separable drying box 2. At this time, the drying rack inside the separable drying box is in a horizontal state. The coal gangue ceramsite is spread flat, and the granules are separated and fall onto the mesh of the drying rack. After each layer is placed, the box door is closed on the tube wall.

[0018] S2. Assembly of the main unit and four detachable drying ovens: First, move the four detachable drying ovens to the four sides of the main unit. Align each main connecting part and each set of auxiliary connecting parts accordingly. Combine the main unit cover and the auxiliary unit cover. The copper contact plates and magnetic blocks on the two main T-shaped rods contact each other. The magnetic blocks contact and attract each other, completing the connection between the detachable drying ovens and the main unit. At this time, the contact of the copper contact plates connects the hydraulic cylinder circuit, and the connecting wheel passes through the slot on the side wall of the detachable drying oven and abuts against the auxiliary driving wheel.

[0019] S3. Drying Start-up: After assembling the main unit and four separable drying chambers, connect the power supply to the equipment and start it up. The start cylinder retracts the cover plate, the air inlet of the air inlet pipe opens, and the fan blows the airflow from the heating chamber to the collecting chamber, making the heating chamber form a negative pressure state. The air inlet pipe continuously introduces the external airflow filtered by the dust filter into the interior of the heating chamber.

[0020] When the equipment is powered on, the heating tube assembly starts to heat the air inside the heating chamber. The hot air flows into the collecting chamber through the fan, and then the airflow is dispersed into four separable drying chambers through four air outlet pipes. Taking advantage of the upward flow of hot air, the air inlet is located at the bottom of the drying rack, so that the airflow flows from bottom to top for drying.

[0021] S4. Drying and dehydration circulation operation: The airflow from below enters the drying rack and heats the separated coal gangue ceramsite evenly. Water vapor evaporates and diffuses to the surroundings with the baffle plate. Finally, the circulating airflow flows to the return pipe. When the airflow returns to the heating box, the cylinder will start and use the cover plate to seal the inlet of the air inlet pipe to complete the airflow circulation. The water vapor carried in the circulating airflow will be dried by the desiccant layer and then circulated back into the separable drying box for use.

[0022] S5. Rotation of the drying rack: When the equipment starts, the motor drives the rotation of the drive wheel. Through the contact connection of the connecting wheel, the rotation of the auxiliary drive wheel inside the detachable drying box can be indirectly achieved. The rectangular telescopic rod can effectively drive the rotation of the fixed rod. The ball bearings at the bottom of the support rod can also realize the rotation of the drying rack inside the detachable drying box. The coal gangue ceramsite on the drying rack receives uniform heat to ensure the drying effect.

[0023] S6. Finishing steps after drying: After drying is complete, first turn off the heating tube assembly, fan, and motor. Then, start the hydraulic cylinder to raise the fixing rod, and the drying rack will tilt to both sides for easy access. Open the door of the detachable drying box after drying, and take out the coal gangue ceramsite from the tilted drying rack for collection. Manually rotate the drying rack to collect the dried coal gangue ceramsite from the three vertical rows of drying racks. Separate the main unit from the four detachable drying boxes, and then replace them with another set of prepared detachable drying boxes to continue assembling them into the main unit for drying.

[0024] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a drying and preheating device for coal gangue ceramsite molding and its usage method, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. This invention, by setting up a combination of a main unit and four detachable drying boxes, enables quick replacement of the detachable drying boxes with the main unit. The detachable drying box after drying can be directly disassembled and replaced with a pre-assembled detachable drying box, saving loading and unloading time and thus greatly improving drying efficiency.

[0027] 2. This invention, through the copper contact plates and magnetic blocks set on the T-shaped rod and the auxiliary T-shaped rod, enables very convenient assembly and disassembly. It is easy to use, the operation steps are extremely simple and quick, and the learning curve is very low, allowing workers to get started more quickly. The contact of the copper contact plates can connect the power supply to the hydraulic cylinder inside the detachable drying oven without the need to add an additional power supply to the detachable drying oven, thereby reducing production costs, lowering the power failure rate, and improving equipment safety.

[0028] 3. The present invention, through the setting of the driving wheel, connecting wheel and auxiliary driving wheel, can directly output power to the fixed rod in the Guss separable drying box after assembly, so as to ensure the rotation of the drying rack, save power resources, and ensure the stability and synchronization of the equipment operation.

[0029] 4. By installing a baffle above each drying rack, the present invention can guide the water vapor evaporated during drying to both sides, preventing water vapor from entering the drying rack above and causing secondary wetting, thereby increasing the drying effect and ensuring uniform overall drying quality.

[0030] 5. This invention features upward-facing air inlets on the four side walls of the heating chamber. During the initial drying stage, dry air from the outside is drawn in. Dust is trapped by a dust-blocking mesh, and clean airflow flows into the heating chamber. After being heated by the heating tube assembly, the airflow is carried by a fan to multiple outlet pipes and then into the detachable drying chamber for drying. Airflow is circulated through a return pipe, and the desiccant layer adsorbs moisture in the return airflow, ensuring effective circulation of hot air. In addition, the cover plate blocks the air inlets to prevent hot air from escaping, thus achieving energy-saving drying, reducing production costs, and improving production efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of a drying and preheating device for coal gangue ceramsite molding according to the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the main unit cover and the auxiliary unit cover of the present invention in conjunction;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a top view of the main unit housing of the present invention in conjunction with four detachable drying ovens;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a front view of the hot airflow circulation component of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the interior of the detachable drying oven of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a top view of the drying rack and fixing rod of the present invention.

[0037] In the diagram: 1 Main unit chassis, 101 Main unit cover, 102 Main T-shaped rod, 103 Auxiliary unit cover, 104 Auxiliary T-shaped rod, 105 Copper contact plate, 106 Magnetic block, 2 Separable drying oven, 21 Rotating seat, 22 Telescopic rod, 23 Hydraulic cylinder, 24 Auxiliary driving wheel, 25 Fixed rod, 26 Drying rack, 27 Support rod, 28 Ball bearing, 3 Main connecting component, 4 Auxiliary connecting component, 5 Dust barrier mesh, 6 Desiccant layer, 7 Hot air circulation component, 71 Heating box, 72 Inlet pipe, 73 Return pipe, 74 Air blocking component, 741 Cylinder, 742 Cover plate, 75 Heating tube assembly, 76 Fan, 77 Gathering box, 78 Exhaust pipe, 8 Motor, 9 Drive wheel, 10 Connecting wheel, 11 Baffle plate. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] like Figure 1-6 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a drying and preheating device for coal gangue ceramsite molding, comprising a main unit 1 and four separable drying chambers 2. The main unit 1 and the four separable drying chambers 2 are connected by a main connecting component 3 and an auxiliary connecting component 4. Dust-blocking screens 5 are provided on the top and bottom of the main unit 1. When the equipment is started, the external airflow enters the main unit 1 and is filtered by the dust-blocking screens 5 to ensure that the incoming gas does not cause pollution to the inside of the main unit 1 and the separable drying chambers 2. The inside of the main unit 1 is provided with a desiccant layer 6 and a hot airflow circulation component 7. A motor 8 located in the middle of the main unit 1 is fixed to the upper end of the inner wall of the main unit 1 by a fixing frame. A drive wheel 9 is fixed on the output shaft of the motor 8. Four connecting wheels 10 are also provided on the inner top wall of the main unit 1, which rotate through a rotating shaft and are respectively engaged with the four separable drying chambers 2.

[0040] Each set of main connecting components 3 and each set of auxiliary connecting components 4 consists of two parts. The main connecting component 3 includes a main unit cover 101 fixed to the main unit housing 1. The main unit cover 101 is hollow on the side facing the outside of the main unit housing 1, and a main T-shaped rod 102 is fixed on the inner wall of the hollow. The auxiliary connecting component 4 includes a secondary unit cover 103. The secondary unit cover 103 is hollow on the side facing the outside of the detachable drying oven 2, and a secondary T-shaped rod 104 is fixed on the inner wall of the hollow. Copper fittings are fixed to the long end of the main T-shaped rod 102 and the short end of the secondary T-shaped rod 104. Magnetic blocks 106 are embedded in the contact piece 105, the short end of the main T-shaped rod 102, and the long end of the auxiliary T-shaped rod 104. The above structure allows for very convenient assembly and disassembly, making it easy to use. The operation steps are extremely simple and quick, and the learning curve is very low, allowing workers to get started faster. The contact of the copper contact piece 105 can connect the power supply to the hydraulic cylinder 23 inside the separable drying oven 2 without the need to add an additional power supply to the separable drying oven 2, which reduces production costs, lowers the power failure rate, and improves equipment safety.

[0041] The detachable drying oven 2 includes a rotating seat 21 rotatably mounted on its inner top and bottom walls. A telescopic rod 22 and a hydraulic cylinder 23 are fixed to the ends of both the upper and lower rotating seats 21. The stroke length of the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 23 is the same as the stroke length of the telescopic rod 22. The hydraulic cylinder 23 is electrically connected to the copper contact plate 105 on the top of the detachable drying oven 2 via a wire. Furthermore, the telescopic rod 22 has a rectangular cross-section to ensure that both ends of the telescopic rod 22 rotate simultaneously during rotation. A secondary drive wheel 24 is fitted onto the sleeve end of the telescopic rod 22. The connecting wheel 10, the secondary drive wheel 24, and the driving wheel 9 cooperate with each other. All three have raised rubber layers on their outer circumferences to increase friction and allow for the transfer of rubber. The softness of the rubber ensures that each auxiliary wheel 24 is in close contact with the driving wheel 9 to ensure transmission. The main body 1 and the side walls of the separable drying box 2 are provided with slots at corresponding positions. The telescopic rod 22 and the hydraulic cylinder 23 are fixed with a fixing rod 25 at their near ends. Multiple sets of drying racks 26 are movably hinged to the outer circle of the fixing rod 25. Each set has three racks and they are arranged in a ring. Support rods 27 are movably hinged to the outer walls of each vertical row of multiple drying racks 26. A rolling ball 28 is provided at the bottom of the support rod 27. The bottom of the separable drying box 2 is also provided with four rollers. The side wall is provided with a sealed door. The wheels facilitate the handling and movement of the separable drying box 2, making it easy to operate.

[0042] The four corners of the side walls of the main unit 1 and the four detachable drying chambers 2 are all designed with rounded chamfers for protection. When in use, this increases the ease of moving the handle of the detachable drying chamber 2 and avoids the discomfort caused by right angles. In addition, the internal curved surface can increase the smoothness of the internal airflow.

[0043] The hot air circulation component 7 includes a heating box 71 fixedly mounted in the middle of the main unit box 1. The upper ends of the four side walls of the heating box 71 are connected to four upward-facing air inlets. The top of the heating box 71 is connected to a return pipe 73 that faces four directions and is connected to the four side walls of the heating box 71. Above the air inlets 72, there is also a blocking component 74 on the inner wall of the main unit box 1. The blocking component 74 includes a cylinder 741 fixed to the main unit box 1 by a fixing block. The output end of the cylinder 741 is fixed with a cover plate 742 that can block the air inlet of the air inlet of the air inlet 72. There are a total of four cover plates 742, which are distributed corresponding to the four air inlets 72. Inside the heating box 71, below the air inlets 72, there is a heating tube assembly 75 fixed to the inner wall of the heating box 71. The bottom of the heating box 71 is connected to a gathering box 77 through a connecting pipe with a fan 76. The bottom of the gathering box 77 is connected to four air outlet pipes 78 that are respectively connected to the four side walls of the main unit box 1.

[0044] The detachable drying oven 2 has two interfaces on its side wall that can be connected to the air outlet end of the air outlet pipe 78 and the air inlet end of the return pipe 73.

[0045] The drying rack 26 is made of mesh and has mesh railings around it to prevent material from falling. At the top of the mesh railings, there is a baffle 11 that is fixed by a bracket to block moisture. The baffle 11 is 10 centimeters away from the mesh railings.

[0046] A method of using a drying and preheating device for coal gangue ceramsite molding includes the following steps:

[0047] S1. Material loading: The granulated coal gangue ceramsite is placed inside the separable drying box 2. At this time, the drying rack 26 inside the separable drying box 2 is in a horizontal state. The coal gangue ceramsite is spread flat, and the granules are separated and fall on the mesh of the drying rack 26. After each layer is placed, the box door is closed on the tube wall.

[0048] S2. Assembly of the main unit 1 and the four detachable drying chambers 2: First, move the four detachable drying chambers 2 to the four sides of the main unit 1. Align each main connecting part 3 and each set of auxiliary connecting parts 4 accordingly. Combine the main unit cover 101 and the auxiliary unit cover 103. The copper contact pieces 105 and magnetic blocks 106 on the two main T-shaped rods 102 contact each other. The magnetic blocks 106 contact and attract, completing the connection between the detachable drying chambers 2 and the main unit 1. At this time, the contact of the copper contact pieces 105 connects the circuit of the hydraulic cylinder 23, and the connecting wheel 10 passes through the slot on the side wall of the detachable drying chamber 2 and abuts against the auxiliary driving wheel 24.

[0049] S3. Drying Start-up: After assembling the main unit 1 and the four separable drying chambers 2, turn on the power to start the equipment. The start cylinder 741 retracts the cover plate 742, the air inlet end of the air inlet pipe 72 opens, and the fan 76 blows the airflow from the heating chamber 71 to the collection box 77, so that the heating chamber 71 forms a negative pressure state. The air inlet pipe 72 continuously introduces the external airflow filtered by the dust filter 5 into the interior of the heating chamber 71.

[0050] When the equipment is powered on, the heating tube assembly 75 starts to heat the air inside the heating chamber 71. The hot air flows into the collection box 77 through the fan 76. The airflow is then dispersed into the four separable drying chambers 2 through the four air outlet pipes 78. Taking advantage of the upward flow of hot air, the air inlet is located at the bottom of the drying rack 26, so that the airflow flows from bottom to top for drying.

[0051] S4. Drying and dehydration circulation operation: The airflow from below enters the drying rack 26 and heats the separated coal gangue ceramsite evenly. Water vapor evaporates and diffuses to the surroundings with the baffle plate 11. Finally, the circulating airflow flows to the return pipe 73. When the airflow returns to the heating box 71, the cylinder 741 will start and the cover plate 742 will seal the inlet of the air inlet pipe 72 to complete the airflow circulation. The water vapor carried in the circulating airflow will be dried by the desiccant layer 6 and then circulated back into the separable drying box 2 for use.

[0052] S5. Rotation of the drying rack 26: When the equipment is started, the motor 8 drives the rotation of the drive wheel 9. Through the contact connection of the connecting wheel 10, the rotation of the auxiliary drive wheel 24 inside the separable drying box 2 can be indirectly realized. The rectangular telescopic rod 22 can effectively drive the rotation of the fixed rod 25. The ball bearings at the bottom of the support rod 27 can realize the rotation of the drying rack 26 inside the separable drying box 2. The coal gangue ceramsite on the drying rack 26 receives uniform heat to ensure the drying effect.

[0053] S6. Finishing work after drying: After drying is completed, the heating tube assembly 75, fan 76 and motor 8 are turned off first. Then, the hydraulic cylinder 23 is activated to raise the fixing rod 25, and the drying rack 26 will tilt to both sides for easy access. The door of the detachable drying box 2 is opened after drying, and the coal gangue ceramsite on the tilted drying rack 26 is taken out for collection. The drying rack 26 can be manually rotated to collect the dried coal gangue ceramsite in the three vertical rows of drying racks 26. The main unit 1 is separated from the four detachable drying boxes 2, and then another set of prepared detachable drying boxes 2 is replaced and reassembled into the main unit 1 for drying.

[0054] All electrical components mentioned in this article are connected to an external main controller and 220V AC mains power, and the main controller can be a conventional known device such as a computer that can control it.

[0055] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0056] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A drying and preheating device for coal gangue ceramsite molding, comprising a main unit (1) and four separable drying chambers (2), wherein the main unit (1) and the four separable drying chambers (2) are connected by a main connecting component (3) and an auxiliary connecting component (4), characterized in that: The top and bottom of the main unit (1) are equipped with dust-blocking nets (5). The interior of the main unit (1) is equipped with a desiccant layer (6) and a hot air circulation component (7). The desiccant layer can adsorb and treat the water vapor in the return airflow. A motor (8) located in the middle of the main unit (1) is fixed to the upper end of the inner wall of the main unit (1) by a fixing frame. A drive wheel (9) is fixed on the output shaft of the motor (8). The top wall of the main unit (1) is also equipped with four connecting wheels (10) that rotate through a rotating shaft. The four connecting wheels (10) are respectively matched with four separable drying boxes (2). The hot air circulation component (7) includes a heating box (71) fixedly mounted in the middle of the main unit housing (1). The upper ends of the four side walls of the heating box (71) are connected to four upward-facing air inlets (72). During the initial drying stage of the equipment, it can absorb dry air from the outside. The clean airflow flows into the heating box, is heated by the heating tube assembly, and is then carried by a fan to multiple air outlets and sent into the detachable drying chamber for drying. The top of the heating box (71) is connected to four outlets facing the heating box (72). 1) The four side walls are connected by a return pipe (73), and the air inlet pipe (72) is also provided with an air blocking component (74) on the inner wall of the main unit (1). The heating box (71) is located below the air inlet pipe (72) and is fixed on the inner wall of the heating box (71). The bottom of the heating box (71) is connected to a gathering box (77) through a connecting pipe with a fan (76). The bottom of the gathering box (77) is connected to four air outlet pipes (78) that are respectively connected to the four side walls of the main unit (1). The detachable drying oven (2) has two interfaces on its side wall that can be connected to the air outlet of the air outlet pipe (78) and the air inlet of the return pipe (73); The separable drying oven (2) includes a rotating seat (21) rotatably mounted on its inner top wall and inner bottom wall. The rotating seat (21) on the inner top wall is connected to a telescopic rod (22), and the rotating seat (21) on the inner bottom wall is connected to a hydraulic cylinder (23). A secondary drive wheel (24) is sleeved on the sleeve end of the telescopic rod (22). The connecting wheel (10) cooperates with the secondary drive wheel (24) and the drive wheel (9). The main housing (1) and the side walls of the separable drying oven (2) are provided with slots at corresponding positions. A fixed rod (25) is fixed between the ends of the retractable rod (22) and the hydraulic cylinder (23). Multiple sets of drying racks (26) are movably hinged on the outer circle of the fixed rod (25). Each set consists of three racks arranged in a ring. Support rods (27) are movably hinged between the outer walls of each row of multiple drying racks (26). A rolling ball (28) is provided at the bottom of the support rod (27). The bottom of the separable drying box (2) is also provided with four rollers, and the side wall is provided with a sealed door. Each set of main connecting parts (3) and each set of auxiliary connecting parts (4) consists of two parts. The main connecting part (3) includes a main unit cover (101) fixed on the main unit box (1). The main unit cover (101) is hollow on the side facing the outside of the main unit box (1), and a main T-shaped rod (102) is fixed on the hollow inner wall. The auxiliary connecting part (4) includes a secondary unit cover (103). The secondary unit cover (103) is hollow on the side facing the outside of the separable drying oven (2), and a secondary T-shaped rod (104) is fixed on the hollow inner wall. Copper contact pieces (105) are fixed at the long end of the main T-shaped rod (102) and the short end of the secondary T-shaped rod (104). Magnetic blocks (106) are embedded at the short end of the main T-shaped rod (102) and the long end of the secondary T-shaped rod (104). The drying rack (26) is mesh-like and has a mesh fence around it to prevent material from falling. A baffle plate (11) to block moisture is fixed to the top of the mesh fence by a bracket. The vertical distance between the baffle plate (11) and the mesh fence is 10 centimeters. The air-blocking component (74) includes a cylinder (741) fixed to the main unit (1) by a fixing block. A cover plate (742) that can block the air inlet of the air inlet pipe (72) is fixed at the output end of the cylinder (741). There are a total of four cover plates (742), which are distributed corresponding to the four air inlet pipes (72).

2. The drying and preheating device for coal gangue ceramsite molding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The four corners of the side walls of the main unit (1) and the four detachable drying ovens (2) are all designed with rounded chamfers for protection.

3. The drying and preheating device for coal gangue ceramsite molding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stroke length of the output end of the hydraulic cylinder (23) is the same as the stroke length of the extension end of the telescopic rod (22). The hydraulic cylinder (23) is electrically connected to the copper contact plate on the top of the corresponding separable drying oven (2) through a wire. In addition, the cross-section of the telescopic rod (22) is rectangular to ensure that both ends of the telescopic rod (22) rotate simultaneously when rotating.

4. The method of using a drying and preheating device for coal gangue ceramsite molding according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Material loading: Place the granulated coal gangue ceramsite into the interior of the separable drying box (2). At this time, the drying rack (26) inside the separable drying box (2) is in a horizontal state. Spread the coal gangue ceramsite flat, separate the particles, and place them on the mesh of the drying rack (26). After each layer is placed, close the upper box door. S2. Assembly of the main unit (1) and four separable drying boxes (2): First, move the four separable drying boxes (2) to the four sides of the main unit (1). Align each main connecting part (3) and each auxiliary connecting part (4) accordingly. Combine the main unit cover (101) and the auxiliary unit cover (103). The copper contact pieces (105) on the two main T-shaped rods (102) contact each other. The magnetic blocks (106) on the two main T-shaped rods (102) contact and attract each other, thus completing the connection between the separable drying boxes (2) and the main unit (1). At this time, the contact of the copper contact pieces connects the circuit of the hydraulic cylinder (23), and the connecting wheel (10) abuts against the auxiliary driving wheel (24) through the slot on the side wall of the separable drying box (2). S3. Drying Start-up Operation: After assembling the main unit (1) and four separable drying boxes (2), turn on the power supply to start the equipment. The start cylinder retracts the cover plate (742), the air inlet end of the air inlet pipe (72) is opened, and the fan (76) blows the airflow of the heating box (71) towards the collection box (77) after starting, so that the heating box (71) forms a negative pressure state. The air inlet pipe (72) continuously introduces the external airflow filtered by the dust filter (5) into the heating box (71). When the equipment is powered on, the heating tube assembly (75) starts to heat the air inside the heating box (71), and the hot air flows into the collection box (77) through the fan (76). The airflow is dispersed into the four separable drying boxes (2) through the four air outlet pipes (78). The air inlet is located at the bottom of the drying rack (26) to make the airflow flow from bottom to top for drying. S4. Drying and dehydration circulation operation: The airflow from below enters the drying rack (26) and heats the surface of the separated coal gangue ceramsite evenly. The water vapor evaporates and spreads to the surroundings with the baffle plate (11). Finally, the circulating airflow flows to the return pipe (73). When the airflow returns to the heating box (71), the cylinder (741) will start and use the cover plate (742) to seal the inlet of the air inlet pipe (72) to complete the airflow circulation operation. The water vapor carried in the circulating airflow will be dried by the desiccant layer (6) and then circulated back into the separable drying box (2) for use. S5. Rotation of the drying rack (26): When the equipment is started, the motor (8) drives the rotation of the drive wheel (9). Through the contact connection of the connecting wheel (10), the auxiliary drive wheel (24) inside the separable drying box (2) can be indirectly rotated. The rectangular telescopic rod (22) can effectively drive the rotation of the fixed rod (25). Through the ball bearings at the bottom of the support rod (27), the drying rack (26) can be rotated inside the separable drying box (2). The coal gangue ceramsite on the drying rack (26) receives uniform heat to ensure the drying effect. S6. Finishing work after drying: After drying is finished, the heating tube assembly (75), fan (76) and motor (8) are turned off first. Then, the hydraulic cylinder (23) is started to raise the fixing rod (25), and the drying rack (26) will tilt to both sides. The detachable drying box (2) opens the box door and takes out the coal gangue ceramsite on the tilted drying rack (26) for collection. The drying rack (26) is manually rotated to collect the dried coal gangue ceramsite in the drying rack (26). The main unit (1) is separated from the four detachable drying boxes (2), and then another set of prepared detachable drying boxes (2) is replaced and reassembled into the main unit (1) for drying.

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