A method for antistatic finishing of polyester fabric based on graft polymerization

Abstract

The application discloses a polyester fabric antistatic finishing method based on graft polymerization and belongs to the technical field of functional finishing. The method is characterized in that: first, the surface of polyester is subjected to ester bond hydrolysis pretreatment, and a phenolic hydroxyl group is grafted on the surface of polyester to obtain modified polyester fabric; then, with the catalytic oxidation of a Fenton system, a sericin molecular layer is formed on the surface of polyester fiber through graft polymerization; finally, the polyester fabric with durable antistatic property is obtained after water washing and drying. The specific steps comprise the following steps: (1) pretreatment of polyester fabric; (2) fiber grafting of vinyl; (3) catalytic graft polymerization deposition; (4) water washing and drying treatment. Compared with the traditional finishing method, the method has the advantages of durable finishing effect, small fiber damage and low production energy consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an antistatic finishing method for polyester fabrics based on graft polymerization, belonging to the field of functional finishing technology. Background Technology

[0002] Polyester possesses high fiber strength, a smooth hand feel, and excellent shape retention, making it widely used in home textiles such as curtains, screens, and bedding. However, due to the lack of hydrophilic groups in polyester fibers, it has poor moisture absorption, making it prone to static electricity that is difficult to dissipate. Therefore, in practical applications, polyester is relatively susceptible to static electricity, which affects the actual performance of polyester fabrics to varying degrees. Thus, to expand the comfort and application range of polyester garments, antistatic finishing is necessary.

[0003] There are two common methods for antistatic finishing polyester fabrics. The first is the alkali reduction method, which mainly uses chemical alkali treatment on polyester. Caustic soda hydrolyzes some ester bonds on the surface of the polyester fibers, increasing the number of hydrophilic groups on the fiber surface. This method has a certain effect on improving the antistatic effect of polyester fabrics, but in order to obtain more hydrophilic carboxyl and hydroxyl groups, excessive hydrolysis of ester bonds during caustic soda treatment can easily cause significant damage to the fiber strength. The second method is the antistatic finishing agent method, which uses inorganic electrolytes, anionic or cationic surfactants as finishing agents, and finishes the fabric through impregnation or padding and baking. This method has a better antistatic effect, but because the number of reactive groups on the polyester surface is relatively small, the finishing agent has difficulty forming a strong bond with the fiber, resulting in poor wash resistance and short-lasting finishing effect after antistatic finishing. Therefore, how to optimize the antistatic finishing process to achieve a durable antistatic effect on polyester fabrics while minimizing fiber damage is a key research focus.

[0004] Sericin originates from the outer layer of silk fibers, coating the surface of fibroin components, and is a byproduct of silk degumming. Sericin molecules contain a high proportion of polar amino acids, including tyrosine (containing phenolic hydroxyl groups), serine (containing alcoholic hydroxyl groups), and glutamic acid (containing carboxyl groups). The hydroxyl and carboxyl groups on the side groups of the sericin macromolecule and the amino and carboxyl groups on the terminal groups of the molecular chain endow sericin with high hydrophilicity, making it suitable as an antistatic agent for antistatic finishing of fibers, including polyester fabrics. As an antistatic finishing agent, achieving a strong bond between sericin and synthetic fibers such as polyester is a pressing issue to be addressed in the application of sericin-based antistatic finishing agents. Summary of the Invention

[0005] [Technical Issues] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: an antistatic finishing method for polyester fabrics based on graft polymerization, which imparts a durable and washable antistatic effect to the fabric.

[0006] [Technical Solution] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention aims to provide an antistatic finishing method for polyester fabrics based on graft polymerization. This method involves sequentially hydrolyzing ester bonds and modifying the surface of polyester fibers with grafted phenolic hydroxyl groups to enhance the reactivity of the polyester fiber surface. Furthermore, using the Fenton system, the phenolic hydroxyl groups on the polyester fibers are catalyzed to undergo graft polymerization with tyrosine in sericin molecules, forming a sericin molecular layer on the polyester fiber surface and imparting a durable, washable antistatic effect to the polyester fabric.

[0007] The first objective of this invention is to provide an antistatic finishing method for polyester fabrics based on graft polymerization. The method involves first performing a pretreatment of the polyester surface by hydrolysis of ester bonds, and then grafting phenolic hydroxyl groups onto the surface to obtain a modified polyester fabric. Then, with the aid of the catalytic oxidation of the Fenton system, a sericin molecular layer is formed on the surface of the polyester fibers through graft polymerization. Finally, after washing and drying, a durable antistatic polyester fabric is obtained.

[0008] In one embodiment of the present invention, the method includes the following steps: (1) Pretreatment of polyester fabric: Polyester fabric is pretreated with caustic soda to hydrolyze the ester bonds of polyester fiber macromolecules to generate carboxyl groups. (2) Grafting phenolic hydroxyl groups onto polyester: The polyester fabric treated in step (1) is washed and then grafted with phenolic hydroxyl groups; (3) Catalyzing grafted sericin molecules: using the Fenton system to catalyze the grafted sericin onto the polyester fabric treated in step (2); (4) Washing and drying treatment: After step (3), the polyester fabric is washed with water at room temperature and then dried.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present invention, the pretreatment process formula and conditions for polyester fabric in step 1 are as follows: caustic soda 0.5~1 g / L, dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride 0.25~0.5 g / L, temperature 80~90℃, time 0.5~1 h.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, the formulation and conditions for the polyester grafting phenolic hydroxyl process in step 2 are as follows: tyramine 5~10 g / L, 1-ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride 2.5~5 g / L, N-hydroxysuccinimide 3~6 g / L, and the reaction conditions are pH 5~6, temperature 25~30℃, and time 6~12 h.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, the Fenton system in step 3 is composed of ferrous chloride and hydrogen peroxide, which can catalyze the oxidation of phenolic hydroxyl groups to generate free radicals and form mutual polymerization.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, the formulation and conditions for the catalytic grafting sericin molecular process in step 3 are as follows: sericin 15~30 g / L, ferrous chloride 2.5~5 g / L, hydrogen peroxide 2~4 g / L, temperature 30~40℃, pH range 5.5~7, time 1~2 h.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, the water washing and drying process in step 4 is as follows: water washing temperature 20~30℃, time 5~10 min.

[0014] A second objective of this invention is to provide an antistatic treated polyester fabric prepared using the above-described method.

[0015] A third object of the present invention is to provide a textile containing the above-mentioned polyester fabric.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present invention, the textile includes any one of polyester woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, blanket fabrics, clothing, clothing accessories, home textiles, or special work clothes.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention first pre-treats the surface of polyester by hydrolyzing ester bonds and then grafting phenolic hydroxyl groups onto its surface to obtain a modified polyester fabric. Then, with the catalytic oxidation of the Fenton system, a sericin molecular layer is formed on the surface of the polyester fibers through graft polymerization. Finally, after washing and drying, a durable antistatic polyester fabric is obtained. Compared with traditional antistatic finishing methods such as hydrolyzing ester bonds or padding with sericin solutions, the method described in this invention has the following advantages: (1) Long-lasting finishing effect. The present invention first prepared polyester fibers containing phenolic hydroxyl groups, and then catalyzed the polymerization of phenolic hydroxyl groups on the polyester with phenolic hydroxyl groups of tyrosine in sericin, so as to realize that the polyester is covalently connected to the sericin, which has the characteristics of high bonding strength and long-lasting finishing effect.

[0018] (2) Minimal fiber damage. Pretreatment of polyester fabrics with dilute alkali resulted in minimal fiber damage during the treatment process. After the formation of the sericin molecular layer by catalytic graft polymerization, the strength of the polyester fabrics did not change significantly compared to the untreated samples.

[0019] (3) Low production energy consumption. Under low temperature conditions, the Fenton system is used to catalyze the grafting polymerization of sericin and polyester fabric, which has the advantage of low production energy consumption compared with the traditional high temperature baking method for antistatic finishing. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below. It should be understood that the embodiments are for better explanation of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0021] The induced voltage and half-life of different polyester fabrics were determined according to GB / T12703.1-2008. The smaller the induced voltage and half-life values, the better the antistatic performance, and vice versa. The breaking strength of polyester fabrics was determined according to GB / T 3923.1-1997. The bursting strength of the sample was determined according to GB / T 19976-2005. The drape coefficient, which represents the drape of polyester fabrics, was determined by the projected area method according to GB / T 23329-2009. The smaller the value, the better the drape.

[0022] Example 1 Polyester woven fabrics are finished using the process and method steps (1) to (4) described in this invention.

[0023] (1) Pretreatment of polyester fabric: The polyester woven fabric is pretreated with caustic soda to hydrolyze the ester bonds of the polyester fiber macromolecules to generate carboxyl groups. The caustic soda is 0.5 g / L and the dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride is 0.25 g / L. The treatment is carried out at 80℃ for 0.5 h. (2) Grafting phenolic hydroxyl groups onto polyester: After washing the polyester woven fabric treated in step (1), phenolic hydroxyl groups are grafted onto it. The phenolic hydroxyl groups are 5 g / L of tyramine, 2.5 g / L of 1-ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride, and 3 g / L of N-hydroxysuccinimide. The reaction is carried out at pH 5 and 25℃ for 6 h. (3) Catalyzing the grafted sericin molecules: The Fenton system was used to catalyze the grafted sericin onto the polyester woven fabric after step (2), wherein the sericin was 15 g / L, the ferrous chloride was 2.5 g / L, and the hydrogen peroxide was 2 g / L. The reaction was carried out at 30℃ and pH 5.5 for 1 h. (4) Washing and drying treatment: After step (3), the polyester woven fabric is washed at room temperature and then dried, including washing at 20°C for 5 min.

[0024] Example 2 Polyester knitted fabrics are finished using the process and method steps (1) to (4) described in this invention.

[0025] (1) Pretreatment of polyester fabric: Polyester knitted fabric is pretreated with caustic soda to hydrolyze the ester bonds of polyester fiber macromolecules to generate carboxyl groups. The caustic soda is 1 g / L and the dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride is 0.5 g / L. The treatment is carried out at 90℃ for 1 h. (2) Polyester grafted with phenolic hydroxyl groups: After washing the polyester knitted fabric treated in step (1), phenolic hydroxyl groups were grafted onto it. The contents included tyramine 10 g / L, 1-ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride 5 g / L, and N-hydroxysuccinimide 6 g / L. The fabric was treated at pH 6 and 30℃ for 12 h. (3) Catalyzing grafted sericin molecules: The polyester knitted fabric treated in step (2) was catalyzed with Fenton system, wherein sericin was 30 g / L, ferrous chloride was 5 g / L, hydrogen peroxide was 4 g / L, and the treatment was carried out at 40℃ and pH 7 for 2 h. (4) Washing and drying treatment: After the treatment in step (3), the polyester knitted fabric is washed at room temperature and then dried. The washing temperature is 30℃ and the time is 10 min.

[0026] Comparative Example 1: The process in Example 1 is performed without steps (1) to (4), and other conditions or parameters are the same as in Example 1.

[0027] Comparative Example 2: The process in Example 1 is performed without steps (1) and (2), and all other conditions or parameters are the same as in Example 1.

[0028] Comparative Example 3: The process in Example 1 is performed without step (2), and all other conditions or parameters are the same as in Example 1.

[0029] Comparative Example 4: The process in Example 1 is performed without step (1), and all other conditions or parameters are the same as in Example 1.

[0030] Comparative Example 5: In Example 2, the steps (1) to (4) are omitted, and the other conditions or parameters are the same as in Example 2.

[0031] Comparative Example 6: In Example 2, steps (1) and (2) are omitted, while other conditions or parameters are the same as in Example 2.

[0032] Comparative Example 7: In Example 2, the process of step (2) is omitted, while other conditions or parameters are the same as in Example 2.

[0033] Comparative Example 8: In Example 2, the process of step (1) is omitted, while other conditions or parameters are the same as in Example 2.

[0034] The surface thermal diffusivity and air permeability of the polyester fabrics in Examples 1-2 and Comparative Examples 1-8 were measured at different temperatures (35°C, 20°C). At the same time, the fabric strength after equilibrium under standard atmospheric conditions was measured (breaking strength of woven fabrics and bursting strength of knitted fabrics). The results are shown in Table 1.

[0035] Table 1 As shown in Table 1: a. The samples modified by the method described in this invention (Examples 1 and 2) had lower induced voltages and shorter half-lives, indicating that polyester pretreatment and grafting tyramine are beneficial to improving the reactivity of polyester, promoting sericin grafting and the formation of hydrophilic sericin molecular layers in the Fenton system catalysis, and the fabric obtained better antistatic effects; the strength of the polyester fabric was similar to that of the untreated samples (Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 5); the drape coefficient increased, indicating that the drape performance of the fabric treated by the method of this invention decreased slightly.

[0036] b. The induced voltage of the untreated samples (Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 5) was relatively large and the half-life was relatively long, indicating that the antistatic effect was poor; the polyester fabric had a low drape coefficient and good drape.

[0037] c. The induced voltage and half-life of the samples treated only with sericin (Comparative Example 2 and Comparative Example 6) were similar to those of the untreated samples, because the sericin had a poor bonding ability with the polyester fabric; the fabric strength and drape were also similar to those of the untreated samples.

[0038] d. The antistatic effect of the samples that were only pretreated with dilute alkali and catalytically grafted with sericin, without grafting phenolic hydroxyl groups (Comparative Example 3 and Comparative Example 7) was slightly improved. This is related to the increase of hydrophilic carboxyl and hydroxyl groups on the fibers during dilute alkali treatment. However, since the fibers lack groups covalently linked to sericin, the antistatic effect of the fabric is far inferior to that of Examples 1 and 2 of this invention. In addition, a small portion of the fibers were damaged after dilute alkali pretreatment, and the drape was similar to that of the untreated samples.

[0039] e. The antistatic effect of the samples treated only with tyramine and sericin grafting without dilute alkali pretreatment (Comparative Example 4 and Comparative Example 8) was not ideal. This is because polyester did not undergo ester bond hydrolysis and lacked sites that could bind with tyramine. Therefore, the polyester fiber was less reactive, which was not conducive to the formation of sericin molecular layer, resulting in poor antistatic effect of the fabric.

[0040] Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone skilled in the art can make various modifications and alterations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the claims.

Claims

1. A method for antistatic finishing of polyester fabrics based on graft polymerization, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: (1) Pretreatment of polyester fabric: Polyester fabric is pretreated with caustic soda to hydrolyze the ester bonds of polyester fiber macromolecules to generate carboxyl groups. (2) Grafting phenolic hydroxyl groups onto polyester: After washing the polyester fabric treated in step (1), tyramine containing phenolic hydroxyl groups is grafted onto it. (3) Catalyzing grafted sericin molecules: using the Fenton system to catalyze the grafting of sericin protein onto polyester fabrics treated in step (2); (4) Washing and drying treatment: After step (3), the polyester fabric is washed with water at room temperature and then dried.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pretreatment process formula and conditions for polyester fabric in step 1 are as follows: caustic soda 0.5~1 g / L, dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride 0.25~0.5 g / L, temperature 80~90℃, time 0.5~1 h.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The formulation and conditions for the polyester grafting phenolic hydroxyl process in step 2 are as follows: tyramine 5~10 g / L, 1-ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride 2.5~5 g / L, N-hydroxysuccinimide 3~6 g / L, reaction conditions are pH 5~6, temperature 25~30℃, time 6~12 h.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Fenton system in step 3 is composed of ferrous chloride and hydrogen peroxide, which can catalyze the oxidation of phenolic hydroxyl groups to generate free radicals and form mutual polymerization.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The formulation and conditions for the catalytic grafting of sericin molecules in step 3 are as follows: sericin 15~30 g / L, ferrous chloride 2.5~5 g / L, hydrogen peroxide 2~4 g / L, temperature 30~40℃, pH range 5.5~7, time 1~2 h.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The washing and drying process conditions in step 4 are as follows: washing temperature 20~30℃, time 5~10 min.

7. Antistatic treated polyester fabric prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1-6.

8. A textile comprising the polyester fabric of claim 7.

9. The textile according to claim 8, characterized in that, The textiles are any one of polyester woven fabrics, polyester knitted fabrics, or polyester blanket fabrics.

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