An electric vehicle community orderly charging hierarchical regulation method and device

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of electric vehicle and power grid interaction, and specifically provides a kind of electric vehicle community orderly charging hierarchical control method and device, comprising: according to the adjustable charging power of each charging pile in charging pile group determines the charging power schedulability of each charging pile in charging pile group;The charging power schedulability of each charging pile in charging pile group and the transformer capacity corresponding to pile group are substituted into the pre-established charging pile charging optimization model, the pre-established charging pile charging optimization model is solved, and the charging power of each charging pile in charging pile group is obtained.The technical scheme provided by the present application can be classified for the same transformer or the charging load sum limited charging pile resources in the same power supply area, based on the classification result, under the premise of meeting the charging load limit and safety limit of station area or power supply area, as far as possible to meet the charging demand of different levels of charging users.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of interaction between electric vehicles and the power grid, and specifically to a method and apparatus for orderly charging and hierarchical regulation of electric vehicle communities. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, the electric vehicle market has experienced rapid growth. Due to the work schedules of commuters, the charging time for electric vehicles coincides significantly with peak electricity consumption in residential communities between 7 PM and 10 PM, leading to overloaded distribution transformers in some older communities. If large-scale, unregulated charging of electric vehicles occurs in residential areas in the future, it may cause problems such as insufficient grid capacity, posing a certain risk to the safe operation of the power grid. Related surveys and data analysis on electricity application for private charging piles show that residential communities are the preferred location for charging private electric passenger vehicles. Promoting orderly charging of electric vehicles in communities will help solve the problems of difficulty in building charging piles and insufficient transformer capacity in residential areas, playing a crucial role in the large-scale development of electric vehicles in the future.

[0003] Orderly charging, under the premise of meeting the charging needs of electric vehicles, uses practical and effective economic or technical measures to guide and control electric vehicles to charge during certain specific periods, thereby smoothing the peak and filling the valley of the power grid load curve, promoting the consumption of clean energy, reducing the load impact on distribution transformers and distribution networks when a large number of electric vehicles compete for charging, slowing down the investment in distribution network construction, and ensuring the coordinated and interactive development of electric vehicles and the power grid. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a hierarchical regulation method for orderly charging in electric vehicle communities. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings, this invention proposes a method and device for orderly charging and hierarchical regulation of electric vehicle communities.

[0005] Firstly, a method for hierarchical regulation of orderly charging in electric vehicle communities is provided, the method comprising:

[0006] The schedulable charging power of each charging pile in the charging pile group is determined based on the adjustable charging power of each charging pile in the group.

[0007] The charging power of each charging pile in the charging pile group is scheduled and the transformer capacity corresponding to the charging pile group is substituted into the pre-established charging pile charging optimization model. The pre-established charging pile charging optimization model is solved to obtain the charging power of each charging pile in the charging pile group.

[0008] Preferably, before determining the schedulable charging power of each charging pile in the charging pile group based on the adjustable charging power of each charging pile in the charging pile group, the following steps are included:

[0009] The charging piles are clustered based on their load characteristic curves, and a corresponding transformer capacity is assigned to each group of charging piles.

[0010] The sum of the transformer capacities allocated to each type of charging pile group shall not exceed the total available capacity of transformers used for charging piles within the distribution area.

[0011] Preferably, the calculation formula for the dispatchable charging power of each charging pile in the charging pile group is as follows:

[0012]

[0013] In the above formula, r ij For the charging power of the j-th charging pile in the i-th charging pile group to be dispatchable, P ij Let P be the adjustable charging power of the j-th charging pile in the i-th charging pile group. imax Let i be the maximum charging power of the i-th charging pile group, i∈[1,n], j∈[1,m]. i ], where n is the total number of charging piles, m i Let be the total number of charging piles in the i-th charging pile group.

[0014] Preferably, the pre-established charging pile charging optimization model includes:

[0015] The objective function configured for each charging pile in the charging pile group, and the constraint conditions configured for each charging pile in the charging pile group.

[0016] Furthermore, the objective function is calculated as follows:

[0017]

[0018] In the above formula, T is the optimization time period scale, ΔT is the optimization step size, and r ij For the charging power of the j-th charging pile in the i-th charging pile group to be dispatchable, P ijt Tariff is the adjustable charging power of the j-th charging pile in the i-th charging pile group during time period t. t Let be the electricity price during time period t, i∈[1,n], j∈[1,m]. i ], where n is the total number of charging piles, m i Let be the total number of charging piles in the i-th charging pile group.

[0019] Furthermore, the formula for calculating the constraint condition is as follows:

[0020] 0≤P ijt ≤P ijtmax ≤P itmax

[0021]

[0022] In the above formula, P ijtmax P represents the maximum charging power of the j-th charging pile in the i-th charging pile group during time period t. itmax C represents the maximum charging power of the i-th charging pile group during time period t. it The transformer capacity allocated to the i-th charging pile group during time period t.

[0023] Secondly, a hierarchical regulation device for orderly charging in electric vehicle communities is provided, the device comprising:

[0024] The determination module is used to determine the schedulable charging power of each charging pile in the charging pile group based on the adjustable charging power of each charging pile in the charging pile group.

[0025] The solution module is used to substitute the schedulable charging power of each charging pile in the charging pile group and the transformer capacity corresponding to the charging pile group into a pre-established charging pile charging optimization model, solve the pre-established charging pile charging optimization model, and obtain the charging power of each charging pile in the charging pile group.

[0026] Thirdly, a storage device is provided, wherein a plurality of program codes are stored, the program codes being adapted to be loaded and run by a processor to execute the electric vehicle community orderly charging hierarchical control method described in any of the above technical solutions.

[0027] Fourthly, a control device is provided, comprising a processor and a storage device, the storage device being adapted to store a plurality of program codes, the program codes being adapted to be loaded and run by the processor to execute the electric vehicle community orderly charging hierarchical control method described in any of the above technical solutions.

[0028] The above-described technical solutions of the present invention have at least one or more of the following beneficial effects:

[0029] This invention provides a hierarchical regulation method for orderly charging in electric vehicle communities, comprising: determining the schedulable charging power of each charging pile in the charging pile group based on the adjustable charging power of each charging pile; substituting the schedulable charging power of each charging pile in the charging pile group and the transformer capacity corresponding to the charging pile group into a pre-established charging pile charging optimization model, solving the pre-established charging pile charging optimization model, and obtaining the charging power of each charging pile in the charging pile group. Compared with current orderly charging strategies, the hierarchical regulation method for orderly charging in electric vehicle communities proposed in this application can achieve efficient generation of charging strategies under differentiated physical equipment and charging demands, which can greatly improve the online regulation and operation efficiency of orderly charging in communities and reduce operating costs. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main steps of the electric vehicle community orderly charging hierarchical control method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a main structural block diagram of the electric vehicle community orderly charging hierarchical control device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] This invention provides a hierarchical regulation method for orderly charging in electric vehicle communities. Orderly charging, under the premise of meeting the charging needs of electric vehicles, uses practical and effective economic or technical measures to guide and control electric vehicles to charge during certain specific periods. This helps to smooth peak and valley load curves in the power grid, promote the consumption of clean energy, reduce the load impact on distribution transformers and distribution networks when a large number of electric vehicles compete for charging, slow down distribution network construction investment, and ensure the coordinated and interactive development of electric vehicles and the power grid. Currently, orderly charging is an important way to reduce power grid expansion investment when building community charging piles. Under policies such as orderly charging electricity price subsidies and participation in demand response, when electric vehicle users charge at orderly charging piles in communities, the charging regulation method needs to meet the load limits of the transformers in the area where the orderly charging piles are located and ensure safety, while simultaneously meeting the charging needs of users as much as possible and obtaining the greatest possible benefits from vehicle-grid interaction.

[0035] Within a given area or power supply zone, the orderly charging demand within the zone is classified into different levels. Based on the priority and demand of each level, optimization objectives and boundaries are set for each level, thereby generating a charging plan for the orderly charging piles within the zone, including charging time and corresponding power for that period.

[0036] The orderly charging vehicle and charging pile resource classification is carried out within the charging strategy formulation cycle. After electric vehicles and orderly charging piles are electrically connected and users issue charging requests, strategies need to be generated and issued for these orderly charging piles that have made requests. The above-mentioned orderly vehicles and charging piles are classified into resource categories to realize the formulation of graded and differentiated charging strategies. When classifying, the physical attributes of vehicles and charging piles and the behavioral attributes of users need to be considered. Therefore, "orderly charging vehicles and charging piles" are considered as a whole when classifying.

[0037] The orderly classification of charging vehicle and charging pile resources helps to solve the problems of physical limitations of charging vehicles and charging piles, large differences in charging demand, and the use of the same charging strategy model to generate strategies for different charging piles.

[0038] See appendix Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating the main steps of an embodiment of the electric vehicle community orderly charging hierarchical control method according to the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the electric vehicle community orderly charging hierarchical control method in this embodiment of the invention mainly includes the following steps:

[0039] Step S101: Determine the schedulable charging power of each charging pile in the charging pile group based on the adjustable charging power of each charging pile in the charging pile group.

[0040] Step S102: Substitute the schedulable charging power of each charging pile in the charging pile group and the transformer capacity corresponding to the charging pile group into the pre-established charging pile charging optimization model, solve the pre-established charging pile charging optimization model, and obtain the charging power of each charging pile in the charging pile group.

[0041] In this embodiment, considering the significant differences in physical limitations and demand among orderly charging piles, the orderly charging pile resources can be classified into horizontal and vertical priority levels. The classification method can be vertical priority classification. Therefore, before step S101, the following steps are included:

[0042] The charging piles are clustered based on their load characteristic curves, and a corresponding transformer capacity is assigned to each group of charging piles.

[0043] The sum of the transformer capacities allocated to each type of charging pile group shall not exceed the total available capacity of transformers used for charging piles within the distribution area.

[0044] In one implementation, firstly, transformer capacity is allocated to different user groups based on their varying electricity consumption characteristics. Assuming the total available transformer capacity for orderly charging piles in a given area is W kW, within that area, loads with similar electricity consumption characteristics are aggregated into n user groups. Each user group shares the same electricity demand characteristics. Based on the importance of the charging load and the charging demand guarantee agreement signed between the operator and the user, a priority classification is established, prioritizing the charging needs of high-priority users. Based on this, transformer capacity is allocated as C1, C2, ..., Ci, ..., Cn (priority from high to low), and the corresponding load cluster priorities from high to low are L1, L2, ..., Li, ..., Ln. Simultaneously, when adjusting power, the degree of adjustment to the charging power or electricity consumption of high-priority users should be minimized.

[0045] Furthermore, based on the vertical priority classification, the embodiments provided by this invention also include a horizontal equal classification. Users within the same group are classified into charging power levels according to the degree of adjustable power allowed for ordered users and the users' charging time requirements. Assuming the maximum charging power of the ordered charging piles corresponding to user group Li is Pimax, and the adjustable charging power of each user within group Li is Pi1, Pi2, ..., Pij, ..., Pnmi, where mi is the total number of users within user group Li. The horizontal user level classification is performed by calculating the schedulable user power. The calculation formula for the schedulable charging power of each charging pile in the charging pile group is as follows:

[0046]

[0047] In the above formula, r ij For the charging power of the j-th charging pile in the i-th charging pile group to be dispatchable, P ij Let P be the adjustable charging power of the j-th charging pile in the i-th charging pile group. imax Let i be the maximum charging power of the i-th charging pile group, i∈[1,n], j∈[1,m]. i ], where n is the total number of charging piles, m i Let be the total number of charging piles in the i-th charging pile group.

[0048] According to the formula, r ij The value of r ranges from 0 to 1. In one implementation, as shown in Table 1, it can be determined based on r. ij The size is used to classify the horizontal load level:

[0049] Table 1

[0050]

[0051] r ijA larger value indicates a greater adjustable power for the charging station, meaning a greater power margin when participating in grid ancillary services or demand response.

[0052] If the same model is used to optimize and model all the differences in charging pile information, the generation of strategies will consume a lot of resources, be inefficient, and may easily lead to no solution. Therefore, hierarchical control can be implemented, and charging vehicle and pile resources can be classified into different levels with each level being equal. In each strategy generation cycle, power quotas are allocated according to the charging demand of each level of vehicle and pile resources, and then strategies are generated for each level separately.

[0053] The generation of orderly charging strategies at all levels adopts a linear scale model. The objective function can be defined differently according to different operational needs, including maximizing operator charging revenue, maximizing vehicle-to-grid interaction benefits, minimizing user charging costs, and maximizing the utilization rate (power utilization rate and time utilization rate) of orderly charging piles in the community. Constraints include allowable power limits for charging piles, allowable charging power limits for electric vehicles, allowable charging power limits for charging areas, charging capacity limits within a specified time, and vehicle pickup time limits.

[0054] For user group Li, the power schedulability for each orderly charging user during time period t is calculated. The pre-established charging pile optimization model includes:

[0055] The objective function configured for each charging pile in the charging pile group, and the constraint conditions configured for each charging pile in the charging pile group.

[0056] Furthermore, the objective function is calculated as follows:

[0057]

[0058] In the above formula, T is the optimization time period scale, ΔT is the optimization step size, and r ij For the charging power of the j-th charging pile in the i-th charging pile group to be dispatchable, P ijt Tariff is the adjustable charging power of the j-th charging pile in the i-th charging pile group during time period t. t Let be the electricity price during time period t, i∈[1,n], j∈[1,m]. i ], where n is the total number of charging piles, m i Let be the total number of charging piles in the i-th charging pile group.

[0059] Furthermore, the formula for calculating the constraint condition is as follows:

[0060] 0≤P ijt ≤P ijtmax ≤P itmax

[0061]

[0062] In the above formula, P ijtmax P represents the maximum charging power of the j-th charging pile in the i-th charging pile group during time period t. itmax C represents the maximum charging power of the i-th charging pile group during time period t. it The transformer capacity allocated to the i-th charging pile group during time period t.

[0063] By using the aforementioned horizontal and vertical load priority division for charging optimization, the speed of optimization under linear programming can be significantly improved. Furthermore, if the ordered charging scenario is a smooth load scenario, or involves demand response, charging commands can be responded to sequentially based on user priority. That is, in the vertical priority, higher-priority users are guaranteed their electricity needs as much as possible, while lower-priority users participate more in scheduling commands. Within the lower-priority vertical user group, users with high power adjustability are selected, and horizontal first- and second-level users are prioritized for scheduling response. This achieves the goal of maximizing the benefits of ordered charging while ensuring the electricity needs of the entire region.

[0064] Based on the same inventive concept, this invention also provides a hierarchical regulation device for orderly charging in electric vehicle communities, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the electric vehicle community orderly charging hierarchical control device includes:

[0065] The determination module is used to determine the schedulable charging power of each charging pile in the charging pile group based on the adjustable charging power of each charging pile in the charging pile group.

[0066] The solution module is used to substitute the schedulable charging power of each charging pile in the charging pile group and the transformer capacity corresponding to the charging pile group into a pre-established charging pile charging optimization model, solve the pre-established charging pile charging optimization model, and obtain the charging power of each charging pile in the charging pile group.

[0067] Preferably, before determining the schedulable charging power of each charging pile in the charging pile group based on the adjustable charging power of each charging pile in the charging pile group, the following steps are included:

[0068] The charging piles are clustered based on their load characteristic curves, and a corresponding transformer capacity is assigned to each group of charging piles.

[0069] The sum of the transformer capacities allocated to each type of charging pile group shall not exceed the total available capacity of transformers used for charging piles within the distribution area.

[0070] Preferably, the calculation formula for the dispatchable charging power of each charging pile in the charging pile group is as follows:

[0071]

[0072] In the above formula, r ij For the charging power of the j-th charging pile in the i-th charging pile group to be dispatchable, P ij Let P be the adjustable charging power of the j-th charging pile in the i-th charging pile group. imax Let i be the maximum charging power of the i-th charging pile group, i∈[1,n], j∈[1,m]. i ], where n is the total number of charging piles, m i Let be the total number of charging piles in the i-th charging pile group.

[0073] Preferably, the pre-established charging pile charging optimization model includes:

[0074] The objective function configured for each charging pile in the charging pile group, and the constraint conditions configured for each charging pile in the charging pile group.

[0075] Furthermore, the objective function is calculated as follows:

[0076]

[0077] In the above formula, T is the optimization time period scale, ΔT is the optimization step size, and r ij For the charging power of the j-th charging pile in the i-th charging pile group to be dispatchable, P ijt Tariff is the adjustable charging power of the j-th charging pile in the i-th charging pile group during time period t. t Let be the electricity price during time period t, i∈[1,n], j∈[1,m]. i ], where n is the total number of charging piles, m i Let be the total number of charging piles in the i-th charging pile group.

[0078] Furthermore, the formula for calculating the constraint condition is as follows:

[0079] 0≤P ijt ≤P ijtmax ≤P itmax

[0080]

[0081] In the above formula, P ijtmax P represents the maximum charging power of the j-th charging pile in the i-th charging pile group during time period t. itmax C represents the maximum charging power of the i-th charging pile group during time period t. it The transformer capacity allocated to the i-th charging pile group during time period t.

[0082] Furthermore, the present invention also provides a storage device storing a plurality of program codes adapted to be loaded and run by a processor to execute the electric vehicle community orderly charging hierarchical control method described in any of the above technical solutions.

[0083] Furthermore, the present invention also provides a control device, which includes a processor and a storage device, the storage device being adapted to store multiple program codes, the program codes being adapted to be loaded and run by the processor to execute the electric vehicle community orderly charging hierarchical control method described in any of the above technical solutions.

[0084] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0085] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0086] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0087] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0088] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for orderly charging and hierarchical regulation of electric vehicle communities, characterized in that, The method includes: The schedulable charging power of each charging pile in the charging pile group is determined based on the adjustable charging power of each charging pile in the group. Substitute the schedulable charging power of each charging pile in the charging pile group and the transformer capacity corresponding to the charging pile group into the pre-established charging pile charging optimization model, solve the pre-established charging pile charging optimization model, and obtain the charging power of each charging pile in the charging pile group. The formula for calculating the schedulable charging power of each charging pile in the charging pile group is as follows: In the above formula, The charging power of the j-th charging pile in the i-th charging pile group is dispatchable. Let be the adjustable charging power of the j-th charging pile in the i-th charging pile group. Let i be the maximum charging power of the i-th charging pile group. , where n is the total number of charging piles. The total number of charging piles in the i-th charging pile group; The pre-established charging pile charging optimization model includes: The objective function configured for each charging pile in the charging pile group, and the constraint conditions configured for each charging pile in the charging pile group; The objective function is calculated as follows: In the above formula, T represents the optimization time period scale, and ΔT represents the optimization step size. The charging power of the j-th charging pile in the i-th charging pile group is dispatchable. Let be the adjustable charging power of the j-th charging pile in the i-th charging pile group during time period t. The electricity price during time period t. , where n is the total number of charging piles. Let be the total number of charging piles in the i-th charging pile group.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Before determining the schedulable charging power of each charging pile in the charging pile group based on the adjustable charging power of each charging pile in the charging pile group, the following steps are included: The charging piles are clustered based on their load characteristic curves, and a corresponding transformer capacity is assigned to each group of charging piles. The sum of the transformer capacities allocated to each type of charging pile group shall not exceed the total available capacity of transformers used for charging piles within the distribution area.

3. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the constraint condition is as follows: In the above formula, Let be the maximum charging power of the j-th charging pile in the i-th charging pile group during time period t. Let be the maximum charging power of the i-th charging pile group during time period t. The transformer capacity allocated to the i-th charging pile group during time period t.

4. An apparatus based on the electric vehicle community orderly charging hierarchical control method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The device includes: The determination module is used to determine the schedulable charging power of each charging pile in the charging pile group based on the adjustable charging power of each charging pile in the charging pile group. The solution module is used to substitute the schedulable charging power of each charging pile in the charging pile group and the transformer capacity corresponding to the charging pile group into a pre-established charging pile charging optimization model, solve the pre-established charging pile charging optimization model, and obtain the charging power of each charging pile in the charging pile group.

5. A storage device storing a plurality of program codes, characterized in that, The program code is adapted to be loaded and run by a processor to perform the electric vehicle community orderly charging hierarchical control method as described in any one of claims 1 to 3.

6. A control device, comprising a processor and a storage device, said storage device being adapted to store a plurality of program codes, characterized in that, The program code is adapted to be loaded and run by the processor to perform the electric vehicle community orderly charging hierarchical control method according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

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