A thermoplasticizing machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a thermoplasticizing machine, comprising a cylinder, a top plate, a bottom plate, a motor and a hopper, wherein the top plate is arranged on the top of the cylinder, an exhaust port is arranged on the top plate, the bottom plate is arranged on the bottom of the cylinder, a vertical hollow shaft is arranged in the cylinder, the output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to the top of the hollow shaft, several layers of horizontal heat conducting plates are also arranged in the cylinder, a through hole for passing the hollow shaft is arranged in the center of the heat conducting plate, several horizontal jacks and several vertical leakage holes are arranged in the heat conducting plate, an electric heating rod is arranged in the jack, and the leakage holes are distributed on both sides of the jack; at least two sickle-shaped stirring plates are arranged between any two adjacent heat conducting plates, several upper scraping plates are also arranged above the uppermost heat conducting plate, one end of the sickle-shaped stirring plate and the upper scraping plate are fixedly connected to the hollow shaft, the discharge port of the hopper is connected to the feed port on the top plate, and a discharge port is arranged on the bottom plate. The invention has high production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of hot-melt plasticizing equipment for organic materials, in particular to a hot plasticizing machine. Background Art

[0002] A thermoplasticizer is a device that uses heat energy to hot-melt plasticize organic materials. It is widely used in the processing of plastic products. Most existing plasticizers use screw extruders. The electric heating element heats the outside of the barrel. The screw and its blades stir the material. The material is hot-melted and plasticized under the action of heat and extrusion force. Its biggest drawback is that the material has a small heating area, a long heating time, and low production efficiency and production capacity. In addition, the screw extrusion pressure is high, and the material wears the screw and blades seriously, resulting in frequent equipment maintenance, a significant reduction in productivity, and increased production costs. How to increase the heat conduction area, reduce the screw extrusion pressure, and reduce the wear of the screw machine has always been the direction of people's efforts. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a thermoplasticizing machine to solve the key technical problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, such as small material heating area, long heating time, large screw extrusion pressure, and serious wear of the material on the screw and blades, so as to improve the production efficiency and production capacity of the thermoplasticizing machine.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0005] The present invention provides a thermoplasticizing machine, comprising a cylinder, a top plate, a bottom plate, a motor and a hopper, wherein the top plate is arranged at the top end of the cylinder, an exhaust port is arranged on the top plate, the bottom plate is arranged at the bottom end of the cylinder, the motor and the hopper are arranged above the top plate respectively, a vertical hollow shaft is arranged in the cylinder, the output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to the top end of the hollow shaft, a plurality of horizontal heat conducting plates are arranged in the cylinder, a through hole for passing the hollow shaft is arranged in the center of the heat conducting plate, and the heat conducting plate is provided with a through hole for passing the hollow shaft. The hot plate is provided with a plurality of horizontal jacks and a plurality of vertical leakage holes, the jacks are provided with electric heating rods, and the leakage holes are distributed on both sides of the jacks; at least two sickle-shaped stirring plates are provided between any two adjacent heat-conducting plates, and an upper scraper plate composed of more than two scraper plates is also provided above the uppermost heat-conducting plate, one end of the sickle-shaped stirring plate and the scraper plate are fixedly connected to the hollow rotating shaft, the discharge port of the hopper is connected to the feed port on the top plate, and a discharge port is provided on the bottom plate.

[0006] Preferably, the discharge port of the hopper is connected to the feed port of the feeder, and the discharge port of the feeder is connected to the feed port of the top plate.

[0007] Preferably, a first thermometer, a second thermometer and a third thermometer are sequentially arranged in the cylinder from top to bottom, the first thermometer is located above the upper scraper plate, the second thermometer is located on the lower surface of the middle heat conduction plate, and the third thermometer is located on the lower surface of the lowest heat conduction plate.

[0008] Preferably, a material level meter is also provided on the top of the cylinder, and the upper and lower material level measuring ends of the material level meter are both located above the upper scraper plate.

[0009] Preferably, the hollow rotating shaft is coaxial with the cylinder, and an electric heating rod is vertically inserted into the hollow rotating shaft from bottom to top.

[0010] Preferably, a control cabinet is further included, and the level meter, the motor, the temperature measuring instrument and all the electric heating rods are electrically connected to the control cabinet respectively, and the control cabinet is connected to a power source through a cable.

[0011] Preferably, it also includes a heat-insulating layer wrapped around the outside of the top plate, the cylinder and the bottom plate.

[0012] Preferably, the sickle-shaped stirring plate is located in the middle of two adjacent heat-conducting plates.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0014] The thermoplasticizer of the present invention has high production efficiency. The thermoplasticizer of the present invention uses an internal multi-stage cross stirring and internal multi-stage heating structure, which greatly increases the heating area of ​​the thermoplasticizer, reduces the material layer thickness of the material in the thermoplasticizer, strengthens the heat exchange speed, improves the heat exchange efficiency, and solves the problems of small heating area, low heat exchange efficiency, and uneven material temperature in traditional screw plasticizers, greatly improves the production efficiency of the plasticizer, and reduces equipment investment, land occupation and operating costs; the present invention adopts a hot plate leakage and horizontal plate disturbance structure, which greatly reduces the disturbance resistance of the material in the plasticizer, realizes low-pressure plasticization of the material, and greatly reduces the wear of the material on the stirring plate and the heat conduction plate, which solves the problems of large material disturbance resistance, serious wear of the screw and its blades, and difficulty in long-term continuous production in traditional screw plasticizers, and is easy to realize large-scale industrial production of plasticizers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 The structure of the thermoplasticizing machine of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0017] Figure 2 The structure of the thermoplasticizing machine of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat conducting plate in the thermoplasticizing machine of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sickle-shaped stirring plate in the thermoplasticizing machine of the present invention;

[0020] Among them: 1- hopper, 2- feeder, 3- top plate, 4- cylinder, 5- bottom plate, 6- material level meter, 7- exhaust port, 8- motor, 9- upper connecting piece, 10- hollow shaft, 11- upper scraper plate, 12- sickle-shaped stirring plate, 13- lower connecting piece, 14- discharge port, 15- electric heating rod, 16- heat conducting plate, 17- leakage hole, 18- insulation layer, 19- first thermometer, 20- second thermometer, 21- third thermometer, 22- control cabinet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a thermoplasticizing machine to solve the key technical problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, such as small material heating area, long heating time, large screw extrusion pressure, and serious wear of the material on the screw and blades, so as to improve the production efficiency and production capacity of the thermoplasticizing machine.

[0023] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown: This embodiment provides a thermoplasticizing machine, including a cylinder 4, a top plate 3, a bottom plate 5, a motor 8, a level meter 6, a control cabinet 22, an insulation layer 18, a feeder 2 and a hopper 1, and the insulation layer 18 is wrapped around the outside of the top plate 3, the cylinder 4 and the bottom plate 5.

[0025] Among them, the top plate 3 is arranged at the top end of the cylinder 4, the bottom plate 5 is arranged at the bottom end of the cylinder 4, the flange hole on the inner circular ring edge of the top plate 3 is vertically bolted to the flange hole of the upper connecting piece 9, the flange hole on the outer circular ring edge of the top plate 3 is vertically bolted to the flange hole on the uppermost end face of the cylinder 4, and the flange hole in the middle position of the annular surface of the top plate 3 is vertically bolted to the flange holes of the level meter 6 and the exhaust port 7 respectively.

[0026] Several layers of horizontal heat conducting plates 16 are evenly arranged in the cylinder 4. The upper and lower ends of the cylinder 4 are welded with horizontal flanges. The cylinder 4 is formed by connecting several cylinders. Two adjacent sections of cylinders are connected to the heat conducting plates 16 by vertical bolts. The uppermost end face flange of the cylinder 4 is connected to the top plate 3 by vertical bolts. The lowermost end face flange of the cylinder 4 is connected to the bottom plate 5 by vertical bolts. All bolted joints are provided with heat-resistant sealing gaskets. In the vertical direction of the thickness center of the heat conducting plate 16, the plug holes of the electric heating rod 15 are opened horizontally at equal distances. The plug holes are provided with electric heating rods. Several vertical leakage holes 17 are also provided in the heat conducting plate 16. The leakage holes 17 are evenly distributed on both sides of any one of the plug holes.

[0027] The motor 8 and the hopper 1 are respectively arranged above the top plate 3, and a vertical hollow shaft 10 is arranged in the cylinder 4. The self-aligning bearing of the upper connecting member 9 is installed in the bearing hole set in the center of the flange, and the connecting shaft of the motor 8 is installed in the shaft hole of the self-aligning bearing and contact-sealed. The lower end of the connecting shaft of the motor 8 is connected to the upper end of the hollow shaft 10 through a coupling; the lower end of the hollow shaft 10 is connected to the lower connecting member 13, and the lower connecting member 13 is composed of a self-aligning bearing, a thrust bearing and a base flange, and the self-aligning bearing and the thrust bearing are installed in a bearing seat set in the center of the base flange; the base flange of the lower connecting member 13 is connected to the lower flange with an opening in the center of the bottom plate 5, and a vertical insertion and installation opening for the electric heating rod 15 is opened at its center; the self-aligning bearing is located above the thrust bearing, and the outer side surface of the lower end of the hollow shaft 10 is installed in the shaft holes of the self-aligning bearing and the thrust bearing and contact-sealed. The bottom plate 5 is a circular steel plate, the flange hole on the edge of the inner circular ring is connected to the flange hole of the base of the lower connecting piece 13 by vertical bolts, and the flange hole on the edge of the outer circular ring is connected to the flange hole of the lowest end surface of the cylinder 4 by vertical bolts, and a discharge port 14 is provided on the circular surface of the bottom plate 5. It should be noted that the hollow shaft 10 is coaxial with the cylinder 4, and an electric heating rod is vertically inserted from bottom to top in the hollow shaft 10, and the electric heating rod is inserted into the hollow shaft 10 through the central plug hole of the base flange of the lower connecting piece 13. By respectively arranging the electric heating rods in the hollow shaft 10 and the heat conducting plate 16, a three-dimensional heating effect is provided for the thermoplasticizing machine as a whole, and heating efficiency is provided.

[0028] A through hole for passing the hollow shaft 10 is provided at the center of the heat conducting plate 16, at least two sickle-shaped stirring plates 12 are provided between any two adjacent heat conducting plates 16, and an upper scraper plate 11 composed of two or more scraper plates is provided above the uppermost heat conducting plate 16. One end of the sickle-shaped stirring plate 12 and the scraper plate is fixedly connected to the hollow shaft 10, and a discharge port 14 is provided on the bottom plate 5. The vertical ends of the upper scraper plate 11 are evenly distributed and vertically welded on the hollow shaft 10 along the circumference, and the lower end surface of the upper scraper plate 11 is located above the uppermost panel of the heat conducting plate 16. Several layers of sickle-shaped stirring plates 12 are welded horizontally on the hollow rotating shaft 10 at equal vertical distances. Each layer of sickle-shaped stirring plates 12 is composed of at least two sickle-shaped stirring plates 12. The distance between the outermost end surface and the inner wall of the cylinder 4 is such that all materials near the inner wall of the cylinder 4 can be stirred as much as possible under the premise that the sickle-shaped stirring plates 12 can rotate freely horizontally, and the sickle concave surface is conducive to gathering the materials toward the axial direction; each layer of sickle-shaped stirring plates 12 is located at the center between two adjacent heat conducting plates 16.

[0029] The discharge port of the hopper 1 is connected to the feed port of the feeder 2, and the discharge port of the feeder 2 is connected to the feed port of the top plate 3. The cylinder 4 is provided with a first thermometer 19, a second thermometer 20 and a third thermometer 21 from top to bottom. The first thermometer 19 is located above the upper scraper plate 11, the second thermometer 20 is located on the lower plate surface of the middle heat conducting plate 16, and the third thermometer 21 is located on the lower plate surface of the lowest heat conducting plate 16.

[0030] A level meter is also provided on the top of the cylinder, and the upper and lower measuring ends of the level meter are both located above the upper scraper plate. The vertical distance between the upper and lower ends of the level meter is 150-250 mm, and the upper end is located 50-100 mm below the top plate, and the lower end is installed 50-100 mm above the upper scraper plate. The level meter, motor, thermometer and all electric heating rods are electrically connected to the control cabinet 22, and the control cabinet 22 is connected to the power supply through cables.

[0031] The distance between the inner ring edge of the heat conducting plate 16 and the outer edge of the hollow shaft 10 should be designed to ensure that the maximum heat exchange area is obtained under the premise of ensuring the free rotation of the hollow shaft 10 and the smooth passage of the largest particles of the material. The ratio of the thickness of the heat conducting plate 16 to the diameter of the electric heating rod 15 is 1.2 to 1.5. The number and length of the electric heating rods 15 inserted into the heat conducting plate 16 and the number and size of the leakage holes 17 on the electric heating rods 15 should be designed to ensure that the fastest heating speed is obtained under the premise of uniform heating of the material on the heat conducting plate 16.

[0032] The distance between the cutting end point of the sickle-shaped stirring plate 12 from the outside to the inside and its inner circular ring end face is equal to 1.5-2 times the distance between the inner circular ring end face of the heat conducting plate 16 and the nearest outer edge of the hollow shaft 10, so as to prevent the material from falling directly onto the bottom plate 5 along the hollow shaft 10 and causing a short circuit of the material. The sickle width formed by the remaining part after the outer edge of the sickle-shaped stirring plate 12 is cut, and the sickle width is reduced as much as possible on the premise of meeting the strength requirements for overcoming the resistance of stirring hot-melt viscous materials, so as to reduce the viscous resistance between the material and the sickle-shaped stirring plate 12, so as to achieve energy saving and uniform mixing. The distance between the outer circular ring end face of the sickle-shaped stirring plate 12 and the inner wall of the cylinder 4 is to stir all the materials near the inner wall of the cylinder 4 as much as possible on the premise of meeting the free horizontal rotation of the sickle-shaped stirring plate 12, and the sickle concave surface is conducive to gathering the materials in the axial direction. The distance between the upper and lower surfaces of the sickle-shaped stirring plate 12 and the upper and lower surfaces of the adjacent heat conducting plates 16 should be designed to ensure that the plasticizer obtains the maximum heat exchange area under the premise that the sickle-shaped stirring plate 12 can rotate freely between two adjacent heat conducting plates 16.

[0033] The specific use process of the thermoplasticizing machine of the present invention is as follows:

[0034] (1) Start the motor 8 and adjust the frequency converter of the motor 8 to adjust the speed of the hollow shaft 10 within a set range; the motor 8 shaft drives the hollow shaft 10 to rotate through the coupling, and the hollow shaft 10 drives the upper scraper plate 11 and the sickle-shaped stirring plate 12 to rotate together.

[0035] (2) Turn on the electric heating rod 15 to input heat into the barrel 4. The heat is transferred from the electric heating rod 15 to the heat conducting plate 16 and the hollow shaft 10, and then to the material through the heat conducting plate 16 and the hollow shaft 10.

[0036] (3) When the temperatures of the first thermometer 19, the second thermometer 20 and the third thermometer 21 reach the set values, the material is added to the hopper 1, and then the feeder 2 is turned on to feed the material into the cylinder 4 in a uniform and quantitative manner. Under the disturbance of the upper scraper plate 11 and the heating action of the heat conducting plate 16, part of the material is heated and melted on the upper surface of the heat conducting plate 16 and the outer surface of the hollow shaft 10, and falls from the leakage hole 17 and the gap between the inner ring end surface of the heat conducting plate 16 and the hollow shaft 10 to the upper surface of the sickle-shaped stirring plate 12 below. The sickle-shaped stirring plate 12 rotates so that the material is quickly and evenly mixed and hot-melted and plasticized between the heat conducting plate 16 and the sickle-shaped stirring plate 12. On the one hand, a small amount of gas generated by the hot melt plasticization of the material goes upward and is discharged from the exhaust port 7. On the other hand, the hot melt solid material after the hot melt plasticization falls along the leakage hole 17 and the gap between the inner ring end surface of the heat conducting plate 16 and the hollow rotating shaft 10 to the upper surface of the bottom plate 5. Under the stirring of the sickle-shaped stirring plate 12 at the bottom layer, it is finally discharged from the discharge port 14 on the bottom plate 5, completing the hot melt plasticization process of the material.

[0037] (4) During the operation, pay attention to the material level alarm and temperature parameters on the dial of the control cabinet 22. When the material feeding speed is too fast and the excess material height reaches the upper end of the level meter 6, the level meter 6 will sense the material level signal and quickly transmit the signal to the control cabinet 22, and the control cabinet 22 will issue a command (alarm) and automatically reduce the feeding speed of the feeder 2 to reduce the material feeding speed; when the material level height is lower than the lower end of the level meter 6, the level meter 6 will sense the material level signal, and the control cabinet 22 will issue a command to automatically increase the feeding speed of the feeder 2 to ensure that the material level returns to the normal range. The second thermometer 20 and the third thermometer 21 are the main control parameters. When the temperature of the second thermometer 20 and the third thermometer 21 is lower than the set value, the control cabinet 22 will automatically increase the output power of the electric heating rod 15 or reduce the feeding amount of the feeder 2 to ensure that the material temperature is stable within the set range; when the temperature of the second thermometer 20 and the third thermometer 21 is higher than the set value, the control cabinet 22 will automatically reduce the output power of the electric heating rod 15 or moderately increase the feeding amount of the feeder 2 to ensure that the material temperature is stable within the set range. During normal production, the temperature values ​​of the first thermometer 19, the second thermometer 20 and the third thermometer 21 should remain relatively stable. Specific control parameters should be set according to material characteristics and plasticization requirements.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "top", "bottom", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc., are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0039] The present specification uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core idea of ​​the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of ​​the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A thermoplasticizing machine, characterized in that: The invention comprises a cylinder, a top plate, a bottom plate, a motor and a hopper, wherein the top plate is arranged at the top end of the cylinder, an exhaust port is arranged on the top plate, the bottom plate is arranged at the bottom end of the cylinder, the motor and the hopper are arranged above the top plate respectively, a vertical hollow shaft is arranged in the cylinder, the output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to the top end of the hollow shaft, several layers of horizontal heat conducting plates are also arranged in the cylinder, a through hole for passing the hollow shaft is arranged in the center of the heat conducting plate, and a A plurality of horizontal jacks and a plurality of vertical leakage holes, wherein an electric heating rod is arranged in the jack, and the leakage holes are distributed on both sides of the jack; at least two sickle-shaped stirring plates are arranged between any two adjacent heat-conducting plates, and an upper scraping plate composed of more than two scraping plates is also arranged above the uppermost heat-conducting plate, and one end of the sickle-shaped stirring plate and the scraping plate are fixedly connected to the hollow rotating shaft, the discharge port of the hopper is connected to the feed port on the top plate, and a discharge port is arranged on the bottom plate; The cylinder is provided with a first thermometer, a second thermometer and a third thermometer from top to bottom, the first thermometer is located above the upper scraper plate, the second thermometer is located on the lower plate surface of the middle heat conducting plate, and the third thermometer is located on the lower plate surface of the lowest heat conducting plate; a level meter is also provided on the top of the cylinder, and the upper and lower level measuring ends of the level meter are both located above the upper scraper plate; the hollow rotating shaft is coaxial with the cylinder, and an electric heating rod is vertically inserted in the hollow rotating shaft from bottom to top; a control cabinet is included, and the level meter, the motor, the thermometer and all the electric heating rods are electrically connected to the control cabinet respectively, and the control cabinet is connected to a power supply through cables; the discharge port of the hopper is connected to the feed port of the feeder, and the discharge port of the feeder is connected to the feed port of the top plate, and the feeding speed of the feeder can be controlled by the control cabinet; The distance between the cutting end point of the sickle-shaped stirring plate from outside to inside and the inner annular end surface of the sickle-shaped stirring plate is equal to 1.5-2 times the distance between the inner annular end surface of the heat conducting plate and the nearest outer edge of the hollow rotating shaft.

2. The thermoplasticizing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a heat-insulating layer wrapped around the top plate, the cylinder and the outer side of the bottom plate.

3. The thermoplasticizing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sickle-shaped stirring plate is located in the middle of two adjacent heat-conducting plates.

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