Optical fiber plug connector and method of adjustment

Abstract

The invention relates to an optical plug connection with a fiber optic plug and a plug receptacle, wherein the fiber optic plug for optically coupling a light guide fiber to the socket comprises a plug housing for receiving and locking the components of the fiber optic plug in predetermined positions relative to one another. The plug housing has a fiber optic inlet and a fiber optic bearing for spatially fixing a received light guide fiber; at least one optical lens along a beam path optically downstream of the fiber optic bearing for collecting light exiting at an end face of the light guide fiber and collimating the collected light; and a coupling surface having an output of the beam path and having a coupling structure for connecting to a receptacle structure complementary to the coupling structure. According to the invention, at least one adjustable optical element is arranged optically in the beam path downstream of the fiber optic bearing; the coupling structure has a first component of the magnetic coupling consisting of two parts and a first component of the kinematic coupling. The invention also relates to a plug receptacle and an adjustment method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an optical fiber plug connector including an optical fiber plug and a plug receiver, and to a method for adjusting the optical fiber plug. Background Technology

[0002] Modern imaging systems, particularly those used for three-dimensional (3D) imaging in microscopes, require radiation for illumination to be coupled in a positionally stable manner. Since spatial decoupling of the light source and microscope system is often useful, it has been established that radiation be supplied via optical fiber (e.g., polarization-maintaining single-mode fiber). The adjustment-free pluggability of polarization-maintaining single-mode fiber for any microscope system offers significant advantages in terms of flexible use and ease of maintenance.

[0003] Fiber optic connectors with plugs and sockets are known from DE1961104 U. In this case, the plug is designed in the form of a truncated cone and surrounds the optical fiber at one end. The socket is correspondingly shaped to complement the plug. The plug and / or socket can be made of ferromagnetic or magnetically susceptible materials and attract each other. The centering of the plug and socket relative to each other is achieved through complex and very precise manufacturing of the mutually abutting surfaces of the connector.

[0004] To irradiate laser light from an optical fiber into another optical system, an optical plug connector for an optical waveguide, such as the one disclosed in DE102007 051 294 A1, is suitable. The plug connector has a plug component, one of which receives the end of the optical waveguide held in a mounting. Another is equipped with a lens, has components for aligning and securing the end of the optical waveguide along the beam direction, and components for aligning the lens transversely to the optical axis of the lens. A third plug component has at least one contact surface and is connected to the first and / or second plug components. The corresponding socket of the optical plug connector has a centering ring for aligning the plug in a plane perpendicular to the beam direction. The angle of the emitted beam can be manually adjusted within limits by lateral displacement of the fiber and lens relative to each other. The final angular accuracy of the emitted collimated beam is achieved iteratively by machining four existing support feet. In other words, individual fitting of the plug and socket occurs. The corresponding socket has a polished support surface that introduces only a small additional angular error. The connection between the plug and socket is achieved through the rotational movement of the plug, positioning it against a polished surface. The plug is held in place by a combination of protrusions and springs. A disadvantage is wear due to the complex and individually manufactured rotating connection motion and iterative optimization required for optimal performance.

[0005] Other methods, such as those described in US 6,276,843 B1, permanently retain the adjustment element in the system. Because the collimating optics unit in the fiber optic tube cannot be adjusted relative to the fiber end, its position and angle must be readjusted when the fiber is replaced to maintain the required accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention aims to provide an improved fiber optic connector that can be used multiple times without adjustment and can be manufactured more efficiently than solutions based on existing technology. Furthermore, this invention aims to provide an improved adjustment method.

[0007] According to the independent and parallel claims, the purpose of the fiber optic connector is achieved by a fiber optic plug and a plug receiver for connecting to the fiber optic plug. The dependent claims relate to advantageous developments of the invention.

[0008] The fiber optic plug is designed to optically couple an optical fiber to a plug receiver and includes a plug housing for receiving and locking the components of the fiber optic plug relative to each other in predetermined positions. The plug housing has an optical fiber inlet and an optical fiber bearing for spatially fixing the receiving optical fiber. Optically downstream of the optical fiber bearing along the bundle path is at least one optical lens for collecting light exiting at the end face of the optical fiber and for collimating the collected light. Furthermore, an output with a bundle path is present at the plug housing, having a coupling surface for connection to a coupling structure complementary to the coupling structure.

[0009] According to the invention, at least one adjustable optical element is optically arranged downstream of the fiber optic bearing in the beam path. If the optical lens in a possible embodiment of the fiber optic plug is also adjustable, then an adjustable optical element exists in addition to the optical lens. The coupling structure of the fiber optic plug according to the invention has a first component for kinematic coupling and a first component for magnetic coupling consisting of two components.

[0010] The bundle path of the fiber optic connector is determined by the theoretical path provided by the connector's construction. Light radiating from the fiber into the connector travels along this path to the connector's output at the coupling surface. In this case, the bundle path is essentially determined by a virtual axis along which the optical axis of the ultimately adjusted optical lens is aligned.

[0011] Light, especially laser light, transmitted via optical fiber can be selectively polarized.

[0012] Kinematic coupling can be designed based on known Maxwell's principles. For example, three V-grooves are aligned with a common virtual intersection at an angular distance of 120° and combined with three matching curved support surfaces as mating elements. Kinematic coupling ensures that all six spatial degrees of freedom are defined. The corresponding elements are appropriately distributed on the fiber optic plug and plug receiver. For manufacturing reasons, multiple pairs of rods or half-rods with profiles such as circular, rounded, or angled can be used instead of V-grooves. The corresponding complementary anti-structures can be, for example, rods, semi-circular rods, spheres, or spherical segments. Rods, half-rods, spheres, or spherical segments can be made of, for example, steel, metal alloys, ceramics, or corresponding wear-resistant plastics. Other angular distances can also be selected in other embodiments. For example, the kinematically coupled elements can therefore be arranged at an 80° angle and, in various cases, two 140° angles about each other. Other angular combinations that add up to 360° are also possible. Instead of V-grooves, kinematically coupled elements of different designs can also be formed.

[0013] Magnetic coupling is achieved, for example, by using at least one toroidal magnet as a first and / or second component. The toroidal magnet can—particularly centrally and / or rotationally symmetrically—around the optical output of the beam path from the plug housing. In this way, it is advantageous to achieve centering of the fiber optic plug, particularly the output of the beam path, relative to the plug receiver and the beam feedthrough in which it appears.

[0014] In other embodiments of the fiber optic plug, the magnetically coupled first component can be divided into multiple segments. This also applies to the plug receiver (see exemplary embodiments). If the first and second components are designed as magnets, they are arranged with opposite polarities relative to each other. In alternative embodiments, a ring magnet or segments or multiple magnets of a ring magnet can be arranged asymmetrically around the output or around the channel in the plug receiver. Relatedly, the interaction of the magnetically coupled first and second components causes the output of the fiber optic plug to be centered relative to the channel of the plug receiver via a kinematically coupled element.

[0015] If only one component is a magnet, the corresponding other component contains a magnetically susceptible material. In a simple and effective exemplary embodiment, the material is iron. In other embodiments, the material may be an iron alloy or iron composite or a plastic. The magnetically susceptible material may be present across the entire surface, divided into portions of the surface, and / or embedded in a carrier material. For example, embedding in a suitable plastic protects the material from unwanted chemical reactions, such as corrosion.

[0016] The fiber optic plug according to the invention interacts with the plug receiver, further described below, allowing for a self-centering and positionally stable plug connector. Even when different fiber optic plugs and plug receivers are combined, individual mechanical adaptations can be omitted. The anti-torsion design ensures that the optical polarization axis remains constant, and that linearly polarized light is transmitted with a predetermined alignment. The centering and positioning of the fiber optic plug and plug receiver relative to each other is advantageously achieved through kinematic coupling, while the required holding force and the same centering are achieved through the effect of magnetic coupling. Therefore, the plug connector can be easily managed, flexibly, and reproducibly manufactured and used without wear. Embodiments of optical plug connectors free from undesirable rotation are achieved, for example, through kinematic coupling.

[0017] If, in an alternative embodiment, the kinematically coupled components are arranged asymmetrically—for example, not all at 120° angles to each other and / or with different radial distances—the fiber optic plug can be connected to the plug receiver in only a single relative position. For example, when using linearly polarized light, such a design allows for defining and preserving the position of the polarization direction (the oscillating plane of the E-vector).

[0018] Precise and reproducible manufacturing of the plug connection is a necessary prerequisite for the adjustability of the plug connection according to the invention. To ensure precise adjustment, particularly of the collimation beam position, for each new insertion operation, the adjustable optics of the fiber optic plug can remain in the adjusted state after a single adjustment. Therefore, readjustment is not required for subsequent insertion operations. Alternatively, the adjustable optics can be permanently locked in the adjusted state.

[0019] like Figure 1a and 1b As schematically shown, the adjustment of the fiber ferrule 10 relative to the collimating optical unit 2 (optical lens 2) based on the optical fiber 1 may substantially involve two errors. The fiber ferrule 10, or ferrule 10, surrounds the end of the optical fiber 1 in a known manner. The end from which the light guided by the optical fiber 1 exits is arranged in the focal plane of the optical lens 2.

[0020] In the first possibility, the collar 10 is not located, or is just not located, on the optical axis 3 of the lens 2, but is oriented parallel to the optical axis. Figure 1a The end of fiber 1 is not in the focal point, but in the focal plane of optical lens 2. Due to this parallel offset, an angular error occurs in the infinity beam path downstream of optical lens 2.

[0021] On the other hand, if the collar 10 is tilted relative to the optical axis 3 of the lens 2, that is, if the radiation from the fiber 1 is incident obliquely on the optical lens 2, this will cause the collimated beam downstream of the lens 2 to be spatially offset. Figure 1b In this illustration, the principal ray is tilted, but its origin is at the focal point.

[0022] If the fiber end (i.e. the beam emitted from fiber 1) is located in the focal plane or focal point of optical lens 2, then after the radiation has passed through optical lens 2, optical lens 2 will produce a collimated beam (imaged to infinity / infinity beam). Figure 1a and 1b In this case, the angle and spatial offset can be set separately from each other. Therefore, the fiber optic plug according to the invention has at least one adjustable optical element by which the angular position and / or spatial offset can be set.

[0023] The optical fiber is advantageously surrounded at its end by a ferrule, which may then optionally be surrounded by a sleeve and retained in the fiber optic connector, for example, in a fiber optic bearing. For example, the sleeve is a grooved ceramic tube that allows the ferrule to be clamped without applying pressure to the fiber. To reduce back reflections into the fiber, it may have a bevel cut at its end, for example, 8°. The bevel must be considered when integrating the fiber. The optical fiber is advantageously equipped with means for strain relief to securely hold the fiber in the fiber optic connector and achieve permanent high reproducibility of the insertion process and optical transmission.

[0024] In one possible embodiment of the fiber optic connector, the adjustable optical element is a pair of prism wedges (known as Risley pairs; see, for example, US 6,859,120 B2 and US 4,515,447A1) with two mutually adjustable prism wedges. In that case, the prism wedges are independently rotatable about axes oriented parallel to the optical axis. Additionally or alternatively, the prism wedges are tiltable about multiple axes. Angular and spatial offsets can be set using the tiltable prism wedge pair.

[0025] In other embodiments of the fiber optic plug according to the invention, the pivoting wedge pair can exist as adjustable optical elements for adjusting the beam path. The pivoting wedge pair includes two lenses whose opposing side surfaces are designed as flat surfaces and can be tilted and / or laterally displaced relative to each other. For example, one lens is designed as a plano-concave lens, while the other is designed as a plano-convex lens. The concave and convex side surfaces are advantageously adapted to each other in their dimensions and curvature, such that they engage directly or only with a small gap between them and can still move relative to each other, particularly tilting and / or displaced. In other embodiments of the fiber optic plug, the pivoting wedge pair can be tilted and locked as a whole.

[0026] In other embodiments, at least one planar parallel plate (planar plate, plate) can be arranged as an adjustable optical element. This plate can be tilted relative to the beam path of the fiber optic plug about at least one axis and about a tilt angle. If the planar plate is located in a section with a diverging beam path, the angle is set as a result of the action of at least one planar plate. On the other hand, if the planar plate is arranged in a section with a collimating beam path, the spatial offset is set as a result of a change in position (particularly a change in the tilt angle). It is particularly advantageous to design the planar plate in the form of a spherical substrate with two parallel side surfaces (e.g., US 8,254,735 B2; "window sphere"). By tilting about two axes orthogonal to the beam path, spatial offset can be corrected in two lateral degrees of freedom.

[0027] In the above embodiments, other planar parallel plates and / or an additional pair of mutually adjustable prism wedges can be arranged in the beam path. If at least one planar plate and one prism wedge or a pair of prism wedges (a pair of rotating wedges with the same wedge angle) are present, spatial offset and angle settings are possible. Two or more planar plates allow for more variable responses to the current angle or spatial offset. For example, if two planar plates are used, they can be arranged at mutually opposite tilt angles, or they can be set with corresponding tilt angles.

[0028] In other possible embodiments of the fiber optic plug according to the invention, one or more planar plates may be omitted if the already mentioned prism wedge pair is arranged in a common mounting that allows adjustment of the wedges, which are additionally tilted on both axes to achieve parallel offset of the bundle. If the jointly held prism wedge pair (rotating wedge pair) is located in the region of the collimated bundle path, the prism wedges are introduced to the so-called zero position (see also...). Figure 7b At this position, the optical effects of the two prism wedges cancel each other out. In this way, if the jointly held pair of prism wedges is tilted, an optical effect corresponding to the tilt of the planar plate is achieved. A spatial offset can then be set by tilting the held pair of prism wedges in the zero position, and the pair of prism wedges can be fixed in this tilted position. The degree of tilt depends particularly on the alignment of the flat surfaces, i.e., whether they face each other or are away from each other, and on the wedge angle of the prism wedges.

[0029] When using prism wedges or pairs of prism wedges, chromatic aberration correction of the prism wedges is required over a wide wavelength range, particularly in the visible light range (VIS, approximately 400-700 nm, preferably up to 645 nm; up to 800 nm in other versions), if optical plug connectors are intended to be used. For this purpose, the materials are appropriately combined in terms of their refractive index and Abbe number (dispersion properties), with the prism angle matched to the refractive index, so as to achieve proper total deflection with sufficient sensitivity. Suitable glass combinations for achromatic prisms are, for example, N-FK5 and F2 (both from SCHOTTADVANCED OPTICS).

[0030] The optical lenses, and if present, the lenses of the pivoting wedge pair, can also be chromatic aberration corrected with respect to the intended wavelength. In other configurations of the fiber optic connector, in addition to shifting along the beam path (z-direction), the optical lenses can be adjusted perpendicular to the beam path (x-direction or y-direction), and the optical lenses can additionally be tilted about the axis in the x and y directions relative to the beam path (tilt angles Pi and Pi, respectively). X and Phi y If this is not the case, the prism wedge can be omitted. In this embodiment, at least one planar plate is present in the beam path to correct any residual errors. This configuration requires only a minimal number of optical elements.

[0031] The optical fiber can be inserted into and held in a fiber optic bearing. In this case, the light-emitting surface of the fiber is oriented along the bundle path, meaning that the optical axis or longitudinal axis of the fiber is oriented along the bundle path of the fiber optic plug. Angular errors and / or spatial offsets may also occur, which can be corrected or have already been corrected by corresponding adjustments of at least one adjustable optical element. The fiber received in the fiber optic bearing can be held using clamping elements present in the fiber optic bearing.

[0032] In the final adjusted state of the fiber optic plug, the adjustable optics are adjusted such that light exiting the fiber is provided or can be provided at the optical output of the fiber optic plug, parallel and symmetrical with respect to the beam path. The adjusted beam is centered relative to the kinematic coupling, resulting in the beam always radiating or being able to radiate in the intended alignment and with polarized light potentially in the correct rotational position as it enters the optical device carrying the plug receiver from the fiber optic plug when a plug connection is established between the fiber optic plug and the plug receiver. To maintain this adjusted state, the adjustable optics can be permanently locked in this state. Such non-releasable locking can be achieved, for example, by gluing, potting, soldering, or welding the adjustable optics and optional optical lenses.

[0033] The aforementioned plug receiver for connection to an optical fiber plug is characterized by a kinematically coupled second component, which, as a receiver structure, is designed to complement the kinematically coupled first component. Additionally, a magnetically coupled second component, consisting of the two components, is also present. Because the plug receiver according to the invention is advantageously designed to be substantially flat or plate-like, no designated socket or plug socket is used, at least in the area of ​​the receiver structure and the magnetically coupled second component.

[0034] The complementary design of kinematic coupling ensures the correct relative positioning of the fiber optic plug and plug receiver. Magnetic coupling creates the necessary holding force, which requires no mechanical parts.

[0035] Fiber optic plugs and plug receivers can be secured by mechanical components, such as stress-free threaded connections or fixing clips, simply to prevent accidental disconnection of the plug connector.

[0036] In other embodiments of the plug receiver, an adjustable planar parallel plate is arranged in its bundle path. With such a plug receiver, the required tolerances for the bundle position of the fiber optic plug or plug connector can be further selected. The planar parallel plate in the plug receiver can be adjusted relatively easily. A plug receiver designed in this way can be combined with all the above-described embodiments of fiber optic plugs.

[0037] The optical plug connector according to the invention includes, in one of the above embodiments, an optical fiber plug according to the invention and a plug receiver according to the invention.

[0038] This objective is also achieved by a method for adjusting an optical fiber plug, wherein an optical fiber plug with an optical fiber inserted and aligned in an optical fiber bearing is used.

[0039] The method involves aligning the fiber optic plug and its bundle path relative to a reference mark or an external adjustment device. The reference mark or adjustment device is then illuminated with light from the fiber optic plug. Adjustable optics are then adjusted until light exiting the fiber is provided at the light output of the plug housing, parallel and symmetrical with respect to the bundle path. For this purpose, in one configuration of the method, an optical lens acting as a collimator can be displaced in the direction of the bundle path to set the bundle propagation. The bundle angle can be adjusted by laterally moving the optical lens into the bundle path. Adjustment can be made, for example, using a measurement system such as a focusable autocollimating telescope (FAKF; a combination of a collimating telescope and an (automatic) collimating telescope), which in each case focuses accordingly to adjust the position or angle. Alternatively, adjustment can be performed using two separate bundle paths with reference marks for position and angle, and correspondingly adapted optical units arranged upstream. When the adjustable optics in the fiber optic plug are in the adjusted state, they are locked. Optionally, the adjustable optics can be locked in the adjusted state in an inescapable manner, for example, by adhesive, soldering, welding, or potting. In addition, the optical lens (especially if it is designed to be adjustable) and optionally the collar can be locked in the fiber optic bearing in a non-releasable manner.

[0040] The result is a monolithic fiber optic plug that can be inserted into, and already adjusted into, different plug receivers according to the invention without needing readjustment. The correct bundle position is permanently ensured by fixing the fiber optic plug components and the described adjustment method. Correct alignment of the fiber optic plug relative to the plug receiver is achieved through a combination of kinematic and magnetic coupling. In this way, the interaction between the technical measures in the fiber optic plug and the measures used to reproducibly create the plug connection through the two couplings results in an optical plug connection that can be established between any fiber optic plug and plug receiver according to the invention in a readjustment-free and reproducible manner.

[0041] The advantages of the optical plug connector according to the invention and the adjustment method according to the invention can be seen in, for example, enhanced stability of coupling against the influence of the overall environment and reduced costs and expenses of installation, maintenance and upkeep systems. In particular, complex readjustments to the bundle position are not required. Additionally, the tightening of components and the permanent integration of adjustment aids in the fiber optic plug and plug receiver can be advantageously omitted. Due to the complete kinematic definition, the reproducibility of the plug connection is ideal. It ensures minimal deviations in both spatial position and solid angle. Due to the symmetry of the arrangement, there is additional uniform expansion in the event of temperature changes, resulting in optimal stability properties of such a system under fluctuating ambient temperatures. Because individual plugs must not exceed specific limits in terms of plug reproducibility, bundle position, and bundle angle, individual plugs are actively adjusted against a common external reference within the scope of the invention. Furthermore, the self-centering nature of kinematic coupling, optimally utilized by fixing the central annular magnet, makes true plug-and-play possible. The accuracy of angle and position is not only present after the clamping of the threaded or plug-connected components, but also immediately after insertion.

[0042] This invention simplifies the adjustment method, and the solution becomes significantly more cost-effective in terms of production time. Additionally, assembly and / or adjustment can be partially or fully automated. Besides the required precision, the proposed solution is particularly low-wear.

[0043] For example, for the purpose of reproducible output coupling and the coupling of light from single-mode fiber to a device system, such as to a microscope or to an interface for a microscope, the present invention can also be connected to and used with the latter. The microscope can be, for example, a light-sheet microscope, a confocal microscope, a confocal scanning microscope, or a wide-field microscope. Another known application, while adhering to high precision requirements, is the coupling of a free beam into a single-mode or multimode fiber. Here, the angle and beam position must also be corrected in a stable manner. In such embodiments, a socket may additionally exist through which active positioning relative to the free beam can be achieved. For example, it is also possible to use an adjustment-free insert fixedly mounted to the fiber and light source side of the microscope. Attached Figure Description

[0044] The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to exemplary embodiments and accompanying drawings. In the drawings:

[0045] Figure 1a A schematic diagram of the obtained angular error is shown;

[0046] Figure 1b A schematic diagram of the obtained spatial offset is shown;

[0047] Figure 2A schematic diagram of a first exemplary embodiment of an optical plug connector according to the present invention is shown, the optical plug connector having an optical fiber plug according to the present invention and adjustable optical elements in an infinity beam path.

[0048] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a second exemplary embodiment of an optical plug connector according to the present invention is shown, the optical plug connector having an optical fiber plug according to the present invention and adjustable optical elements in an infinity beam path, and a schematic diagram of an interface to a microscope is also shown.

[0049] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a third exemplary embodiment of an optical plug connector according to the present invention is shown, the optical plug connector having an optical fiber plug according to the present invention and adjustable optical elements in an infinity beam path;

[0050] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a fourth exemplary embodiment of an optical plug connector according to the present invention is shown, the optical plug connector having an optical fiber plug according to the present invention and adjustable optical elements in the divergence section of the beam path;

[0051] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a fifth exemplary embodiment of an optical plug connector according to the present invention is shown, which has an optical fiber plug according to the present invention and adjustable optical elements in the divergence section of the beam path and in the infinity beam path;

[0052] Figure 7a A schematic diagram showing the zero position of two mutually adjustable prism wedges and the resulting optical effect is shown.

[0053] Figure 7b A schematic diagram showing two mutually adjustable prism wedges and the resulting optical effect is illustrated.

[0054] Figure 8a A schematic diagram showing a pair of pivoting wedges in the zero position and the resulting optical effect is shown;

[0055] Figure 8b A schematic diagram showing a pair of pivoting wedges in a pivoting state and the resulting optical effect is shown;

[0056] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of an exemplary embodiment of the coupling surface of the plug housing of an optical fiber plug is shown, the coupling surface having a first component for motion coupling and a first component for magnetic coupling.

[0057] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a plug receiver having a kinematically coupled second component and a magnetically coupled second component according to the present invention is shown.

[0058] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of a sixth exemplary embodiment of an optical plug connector according to the present invention is shown, which has an optical fiber plug according to the present invention, an adjustable optical element in an infinity beam path, and a plug receiver in a planar parallel plate in the beam path.

[0059] Figure 12 A schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the fiber optic connectors is provided; and

[0060] Figure 13 A flowchart illustrating the configuration of the adjustment method according to the present invention is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0061] Figures 2 to 9 The exemplary embodiments shown are schematic diagrams. In each case, the reference numerals denote the same technical elements.

[0062] As an example, Figure 2 The arrangement of multiple optical elements in beam path 6 is shown. Additionally, the correction effect obtained by these optical elements is also illustrated.

[0063] The fiber 1 held in loop 10 is parallel to but offset from the optical axis 3. The beam path 6 and the optical axis 3 do not coincide in this cross-section; that is, the beam path 6 extends parallel to the optical axis 3 with an offset. Without correction, the collimated beam will produce an angular error, such as... Figure 1a As shown. Light emitted from the end face of fiber 1 diverges and enters optical lens 2, which serves as a collimating optical unit. The light is collimated by the optical lens 2 and reaches the optical wedge or prism wedge 4 at an angle to the optical axis 3. Regarding its optical properties, particularly its refractive properties, and its relative position in the beam path 6, the wedge is designed or arranged such that the light rays extend parallel to the optical axis 3 after passing through the prism wedge 4. It can be seen, particularly from the central ray, that a spatial offset may still exist. This is corrected by a planar plate 5, also located in the beam path 6. The planar plate 5 is tilted relative to the optical axis 3 according to the spatial offset to be corrected and taking into account its optical properties. Therefore, after leaving the planar plate 5, the light rays have no angular error or spatial offset relative to the plane of the figure. The beam path 6 and the optical axis 3 extend symmetrically about each other and coincide after the planar plate 5 in the example. The beam path 6 is now aligned along the optical axis 3. Light corrected in this way can be used at interface 17 (see...). Figures 3 to 6 (This is for further use.) To achieve the desired correction effect, the prism wedge 4 and the flat panel 5 can be adjustable, for example, they can be rotatable or tiltable.

[0064] Figure 2 The principle shown is in Figure 3This is implemented in a first exemplary embodiment of the optical plug connector according to the present invention.

[0065] The fiber optic plug 7 includes a plug housing 8 with a fiber optic bearing 11 into which the fiber optic cable 1 is inserted. Radiated light is emitted from the fiber optic plug 7 at the output 9 of the plug housing 8. The fiber optic cable, held by a collar 10, is retained in a fixed position within the fiber optic bearing 11. After a section of the beam path 6 with diverging light, the light is incident on an optical lens 2 and corrected for angular errors and spatial offsets by the action of adjustable optical elements downstream of the beam path 6. For simplicity, the beam path is divided into a diverging beam section and a collimating beam section.

[0066] exist Figure 3 and Figure 4 In the exemplary embodiment shown, beam manipulation or correction occurs entirely within the infinity beam, specifically in the section of beam path 6 containing collimated rays. Figure 3 In the first exemplary embodiment shown, instead of a separate prism wedge 4 (see...), Figure 2 A pair of prism wedges 12a with mutually adjustable prism wedges exists. Two individually adjustable planar plates 5 (tiltable about the x-axis and / or y-axis) exist in the beam path 6 downstream of the prism wedges. Collimated light travels at output 9 to interface 17, such as the interface of microscope 17.1. A coupling structure 14 exists in the region of coupling surface 13 of plug housing 8 located at output 9 (see Figures 7 and 8). The coupling structure 14 interacts with receiver structure 15 of plug receiver 16. In this example, the angle is set via the pair of prism wedges 12a, and the position is set to a corresponding target value via the pair of planar plates 5.

[0067] If the pair of prism wedges (prism wedge pair 12b) are arranged in a common mounting (represented by a common frame), then the planar plate 5 can be omitted. Figure 4 This allows the adjustable wedges to be additionally tilted about two axes (x and y) to set the parallel offset of the beam and to correct for spatial offset. The side surfaces of the co-held prism wedge pair 12b point outward in each case, away from the corresponding other prism wedge, and extend orthogonally to the optical axis 3 in the xy plane at the illustrated starting position of the prism wedge pair 12b.

[0068] In a fourth exemplary embodiment of the optical plug connector according to the present invention, an adjustable optical element (adjustment member) is arranged in the divergence section of the beam path 6. Figure 5Compared to the second and third exemplary embodiments, the planar plate 5 is used to set the angle and the prism wedge pair 12a is used to adjust the spatial offset associated with the collimating beam. Due to the increased space requirements and the longer focal length and associated beam diameter of the resulting collimating optical unit 2, the requirements for the interface 17 in the microscope change and the space required for the fiber optic connector 7 increases. To achieve a longer focal length for the collimating optical unit 2, a magnifying telescope can be omitted from the subsequent optical system. Simultaneously, the requirements for the positioning accuracy of the collimating optical unit 2 and the accuracy of the mechanical interface, i.e., the requirements for the kinematic coupling 19, particularly regarding the angle requirements to be met, increase. The beam diameter required in the subsequent optical system (microscope) is correspondingly achieved, in whole or in part, at the output of the fiber optic connector.

[0069] Because the adjustment sensitivity of the optical lens 2 relative to the fiber optic ferrule 10 includes a 1:1 focal length, using the collimating optical unit 2 with the shortest possible focal length is beneficial for controllable adjustment sensitivity. In the subsequent optical system of the microscope, for example, corresponding post-magnification of the necessary beam diameter via a corresponding telescope further benefits the angular sensitivity of the interface 17 itself. For example, with a typical NA of <= 0.1 for the fiber connected to approximately 6 times post-magnification, a good trade-off is given by collimating to a beam diameter within the range of 0.7 mm. For this purpose, the focal length of the collimating optical unit is, for example, between 4 mm and 6 mm.

[0070] In a fifth exemplary embodiment of the optical plug connector, the optical lens 2 is designed to be adjustable. Figure 6 Similarly, an adjustable planar plate 5 exists in the collimation section of the beam path 6, wherein the planar plate is designed in the form of a known "window sphere". The curved lateral surface facing the observer is represented by an arcuate line. An alternative example is provided with two planar plates 5 having inclined axes (about the x-axis or about the y-axis; not shown) perpendicular to each other.

[0071] To adjust the bundle position, external adjustment aids are used in all degrees of freedom relative to the bundle from fiber 1 (see [link]). Figure 9 The lens 2 is positioned so that the collimated beam at the output 9 (see Figures 7 and 8) opposite the coupling surface 13 is emitted at a precise position and angle. The ferrule 10 can be releasably locked in the fiber bearing 11 by the clamping element 20. The positioning of the planar plate 5 optimizes lateral alignment or optimizes the centering of the beam path 6 relative to the optical axis 3.

[0072] Depending on the wavelength range of the emitted laser radiation, the optical lens 2, used as a collimating lens, is designed to be simply, chromatic, or achromatic corrected. In the chromatic and achromatic variations, the long-term stability of the 405nm short-wavelength laser radiation transmission must be considered as needed, either through a corresponding stable adhesive layer or an unbonded embodiment.

[0073] pass Figure 7a and Figure 7b The example schematically illustrates the operation of two mutually adjustable prism wedges of prism wedge pair 12a. In the first relative position, the prism wedges are rotated 180° relative to each other at the zero position. In this zero position, light rays (arrows) travel along optical axis 3 or beam path 6 through prism wedge pair 12a. According to... Figure 7b In other relative positions, the light rays deflect downwards at a defined angle in the plane of the figure.

[0074] Figure 8a A pivoting wedge pair 28 including lenses 28.1 and 28.2 is shown. The first lens 28.1 is designed as a plano-concave lens, while the second lens 28.2 is designed as a plano-convex lens. The plano-side surfaces of lenses 28.1 and 28.2 are opposite to each other, such that the plano-side surfaces point outwards and are as shown in the diagram. Figure 8a The pivot wedge pair 28 shown extends orthogonally to the optical axis 3 or beam path 6 at its zero position. The optical effect of the pivot wedge pair 28 at its zero position is that light rays incident perpendicularly, particularly centrally, on the flat side surface, pass through the pivot wedge pair 28 without lateral deflection. To substantially reduce the effect of the pivot wedge pair 28 on aligning the beam, the focal lengths of lenses 28.1 and 28.2 are relatively large, for example, 1 m.

[0075] The convex and concave surfaces are matched in size and radius, allowing them to move laterally relative to each other. Figure 8b In this configuration, lens 28.2, having a convex side surface, is laterally displaced against first lens 28.1. The incident light ray is deflected from its original direction of propagation.

[0076] Lateral displacement of one or both lenses 28.1, 28.2 of the pivoting wedge 28 occurs, for example, via a controlled actuator (not shown). The associated control commands can be generated by the evaluation unit 25 and implemented by the actuation device 26 (e.g., see...). Figure 12 ).

[0077] The pivoting wedge pair 28 may optionally also tilt as a whole about the x-axis and / or about the y-axis. In this case, the relative positions of lenses 28.1 and 28.2 can remain constant, thereby achieving, for example, the optical effect of a planar plate. Optionally, the pivoting wedge pair 29 may move along the z-axis.

[0078] An embodiment of the coupling surface 13 of the fiber optic plug 7 (indicated by dashed lines) in... Figure 9 The diagram is shown in a planar view along the z-direction. The connection of the optical plug connector according to the invention is achieved through the action of magnetic coupling 18 and kinematic coupling 19.

[0079] A ring magnet, as the first component 18.1 of the magnetic coupling 18, exists on, is partially embedded in, or is flush with the coupling surface 13. The ring magnet is rotationally symmetrically positioned around the channel 23, which serves as the output 9 of the fiber optic plug 7. The first components 19.1 of the kinematic coupling 19 are configured to be offset from each other by 120° in various cases. In an exemplary embodiment, they are formed by multiple pairs of rods parallel to each other and spaced apart. In other possible embodiments, the angles and / or designs between the first components 19.1 can be selectively chosen.

[0080] The recess 22 enables the stress-free threaded connection of the fiber optic plug 7 to serve as a safeguard against accidental disconnection of the plug connector.

[0081] The receiver structure 15 of the plug receiver 16, compatible with coupling structure 14, has three spherical protrusions of the second part 19.2 of the kinematic coupling 19. Figure 10 These are compatible with the first component 19.1 of the kinematic coupling 19 in terms of their size and positioning. The second component 18.2 of the magnetic coupling 18 is symmetrically arranged around the channel 23, and the polarity of this second component with respect to its magnetization is opposite to that of the first component 18.1. The second component 18.2 is compatible with the first component 18.1 in terms of its size and positioning. A fastening hole 29 is also shown.

[0082] The plug receiver 16 may have at least one adjustable planar parallel plate 5 in its bundle path 30. Figure 11 The possibility of adjusting the plate 5 allows for a wider limitation on the tolerances to be followed for the bundle position of the fiber optic plug 7 than in the case of the previous exemplary embodiment.

[0083] The fiber optic plug 7 based on the fifth exemplary embodiment of the optical plug connector ( Figure 6 ),exist Figure 12 The diagram schematically illustrates a method for adjusting the fiber optic connector 7. For adjustment, an optical fiber 1 with a collar 10 is inserted into the fiber optic bearing 11. Light is coupled into the optical fiber 1 and exits from the end face of the optical fiber 1 located in the fiber optic connector 7. The fiber optic connector 7, or its bundle path 6, is aligned with the adjustment device 24, which is illuminated by light exiting the fiber optic connector 7. The adjustment device 24 can be an autocollimating telescope (AKF), which can be set to two different focal positions and thus combines the functions of the AKF for angle measurement and the alignment telescope for position determination. For example, the focal length of the AKF can be within the range of 400 mm to achieve high accuracy of less than or equal to one arcsecond (≤1”) in angle measurement.

[0084] For adjustment purposes, the beam path 6 of the fiber optic plug 7 is aligned with the optical axis of the adjustment device 24. Adjustable optical elements—in this exemplary embodiment, the optical lens 2 and the flat panel 5—are then adjusted such that the light at the optical output 9 is collimated and exits the fiber optic plug 7 parallel and symmetrically relative to the beam path 6. Angular position and spatial position are measured using the adjustment device 24. In the AKF example, this can be accomplished through two measurement operations. The acquired measurement data related to the spatial or angular position can be transmitted to the evaluation unit 25 via a detector 27 (e.g., a CCD camera) connected to the adjustment device 24.

[0085] The necessary adjustments to the adjustable optical elements (optical lens 2 and flat panel 5 in this exemplary embodiment) can be displayed, and then manual settings can be made. Alternatively, the evaluation unit 25 can be configured to generate control commands based on measurement data and transmit them to one or more actuation devices 26. The adjustable optical elements are adjusted according to the control commands. This operation can be performed iteratively and in the sense of feedback control.

[0086] If the acquired measurement data is within the allowable tolerances, the adjustment operation ends. The adjustable optical element, and optionally the ferrule 10, is locked, optionally non-releasable, by means of, for example, adhesive, potting, soldering, or welding. The ferrule 10 can also be retained in its mounting position by a clamping element 20. This embodiment allows for the reuse of the optical fiber 1 in the event of a defect in the optical fiber connector 7.

[0087] In the flowchart of the method according to the invention, the fiber optic plug 7 and its bundle path 6 are aligned relative to the adjustment device 24. Figure 13 (Step 0). The adjustment device 24 may have two beam paths, each having a reference mark for setting an angle in one beam path and a reference mark for setting a position in the other beam path. In the exemplary configuration of the adjustment method according to the invention explained below, alternative possibilities exist for the form of the reference FAKF. The FAKF will be refocused accordingly for the purpose of adjusting the angle or position.

[0088] The focus of the FAKF or adjustment device 24 is set to infinity. This corresponds to the functional principle of an autocollimating telescope.

[0089] In step 1 of this method, the light diverging out of the fiber 1 in the bundle is aligned as symmetrically as possible with respect to the bundle path 6 of the fiber optic plug 7. The bundle path 6 of the fiber optic plug 7 is aligned with the optical axis of the adjustment device 24, resulting in the bundle path 6 and the optical axis of the adjustment device 24 coinciding.

[0090] Then, the optical lens 2 is positioned relative to the beam. By displacing the optical lens 2 and / or the collar 10 relative to each other in the beam direction (z-direction), the beam is collimated by the action of the optical lens 2. The success of the collimation is verified. If the collimation is unsuccessful, step 1 is repeated.

[0091] If collimation is successful, the beam angle is set in step 2a by laterally moving the optical lens 2 relative to the collar 10 (see also...). Figure 1a The corresponding change in measurement angle can be correlated with the current position change of optical lens 2, and the setting can be implemented iteratively. Step 2a will be repeated as long as the specified target tolerance has not been achieved.

[0092] On the other hand, if the target tolerance has been achieved, the focus of the FAKF or adjustment device 24 is set to a finite distance (alignment position).

[0093] Once the angle has been set, in step 2b, the optical lens 2 is tilted relative to the collar 10 to set the desired spatial position of the collimating beam (see also...). Figure 1b The adjustment of this position is relatively coarse. If, in addition to the optical lens 2, the planar plate 5 or the prism wedges 12a and 12b are also located in the beam path 6, then tilting can finely adjust the position. As explained above regarding angle adjustment, position adjustment can also occur iteratively, i.e., verifying the achievement of the target tolerance. Based on the verification results, repeat step 2b, or the method continues to step 2c.

[0094] Step 2c is optional and includes fine-tuning of the position. For this purpose, the planar plate 5, the pivot wedge pair 28, and / or the prism wedge pairs 12a, 12b are tilted.

[0095] To evaluate the results of the previous adjustment steps, the achievement of the previously defined target tolerance is checked again. If the target tolerance is not achieved, the adjustment operation is repeated starting from setting the focus of the FAKF / adjustment device 24 to infinity (autocollimation, between steps 0 and 1).

[0096] If the target tolerance for the entire adjustment process is achieved, the method proceeds to step 3. In step 3, the adjustable optical element is locked in the state adjusted in this manner. Locking can be done releasably or non-releasably. The fiber optic plug 7 adjusted in this manner can be connected to different plug receivers 16 once or repeatedly. In this case, the correct alignment of the beam provided at the output 9 of the fiber optic plug 7 and, for example, irradiated into the microscope is maintained. It is advantageous to monitor the adjustment while the fiber optic plug 7 is in its current locked state.

[0097] Figure Labels

[0098] 1. Optical fiber

[0099] 2 Optical Lenses

[0100] 3. Optical axis of the optical lens

[0101] 4 Prism wedge

[0102] 5. Flat panel

[0103] 6 (Fiber optic connector 7) bundle path

[0104] 7 Fiber Optic Connector

[0105] 8. Plug housing

[0106] 9. Output (beam path 6)

[0107] 10 rings

[0108] 11 Fiber Optic Bearings

[0109] 12a Prism Wedge Pair

[0110] 12b Prism wedges in common mounting components

[0111] 13 Coupled Surfaces

[0112] 14 Coupled Structure

[0113] 15. Receiver Structure

[0114] 16-plug receiver

[0115] 17 Interface

[0116] 17.1 Microscope

[0117] 18 Magnetic Coupling

[0118] 18.1 First Component

[0119] 18.2 Second Component

[0120] 19. Kinematic Coupling

[0121] 19.1 First Component

[0122] 19.2 Second Component

[0123] 20 Clamping elements

[0124] 21. Unreleasable locks

[0125] 22. Recess (for threaded connections where no force is applied)

[0126] 23 channels

[0127] 24. Adjust the equipment

[0128] 25 Evaluation Units

[0129] 26 Actuating devices

[0130] 27 detectors

[0131] 28 Pivoting wedge pair

[0132] 28.1 First Lens

[0133] 28.2 Second Lens

[0134] 29 Fastening Holes

[0135] 30 (plug receiver 16) bundle path

Claims

1. An optical fiber plug (7) for optical coupling between an optical fiber (1) and a plug receiver (16), include: - A plug housing (8) for receiving and locking the components of the fiber optic plug (7) relative to each other in a predetermined position; wherein the plug housing (8) has - Fiber optic inlet and fiber optic bearing (11) for spatially fixing the receiving optical fiber (1). - At least one optical lens (2) downstream of the optical fiber bearing (11) along the beam path (6) for collecting light emitted from the end face of the optical fiber (1) and for collimating the collected light; and - Coupled surface (13), having the output (9) of the beam path (6) and having a coupling structure (14) for connection to a receiver structure (15) complementary to the coupling structure (14). Its features are, - At least one adjustable optical element is arranged in the beam path, optically downstream of the fiber bearing (11) and optically upstream of the coupling surface, wherein the at least one adjustable optical element is configured to correct angular errors and / or spatial offsets. - The coupling structure (14) has a first component (18.1) of magnetic coupling (18) and a first component (19.1) of kinematic coupling (19), which are composed of two components; and The adjustable optical element is adjusted such that it provides or is able to provide light exiting the optical fiber (1) at the output (9) of the optical fiber plug (7) in a parallel and symmetrical manner relative to the bundle path (6); and the adjustable optical element is locked in a state adjusted in such a manner.

2. The fiber optic plug (7) according to claim 1, characterized in that, A pair of prism wedges (12b) having two mutually adjustable prism wedges are arranged in a common mounting as the adjustable optical element, and the prism wedges (12b) held together are tiltable about multiple axes.

3. The fiber optic plug (7) according to claim 1, characterized in that, A pivoting wedge pair (28) exists as the adjustable optical element, the pivoting wedge pair (28) comprising two lenses (28.1, 28.2) whose side surfaces facing away from each other are designed to be flat and wherein the lenses (28.1, 28.2) are tiltable and / or laterally displaced relative to each other.

4. The fiber optic plug (7) according to claim 2, characterized in that, The existing prism wedge of the optical lens (2) or the prism wedge pair (12b) is achromatic corrected to the intended spectral or wavelength range.

5. The fiber optic plug (7) according to claim 3, characterized in that, The optical lens (2) or the lenses (28.1, 28.2) of the pivot wedge pair (28) are achromatic corrected to the intended spectral or wavelength range.

6. The fiber optic plug (7) according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one planar parallel plate (5) is arranged as an adjustable optical element.

7. The fiber optic plug (7) according to claim 6, characterized in that, Other planar parallel plates (5) and / or a pair of mutually adjustable prism wedges (12a) are arranged in the beam path (6).

8. The fiber optic connector (7) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, An optical fiber (1) is retained in the optical fiber bearing (11), wherein the light emitting surface of the optical fiber (1) is oriented along the bundle path (6).

9. The fiber optic connector (7) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, A clamping element (20) is present in the optical fiber bearing (11) through which the optical fiber (1) received in the optical fiber bearing (11) can be retained or retained.

10. The fiber optic connector (7) according to claim 8, characterized in that, The adjustable optical element is locked in a state that is adjusted in this manner without being released.

11. A plug receiver (16) for connecting to an optical fiber plug (7) according to any one of the preceding claims. Its features are, - The second component (19.2) of the kinematic coupling (19) is designed to be complementary to the first component (19.1) of the kinematic coupling (19) as a receiver structure (15); and - The second component (18.2) of the magnetic coupling (18) consisting of two parts.

12. The plug receiver (16) according to claim 11, characterized in that, An adjustable planar parallel plate (5) is in its bundle path (30).

13. An optical plug connector comprising an optical fiber plug (7) according to any one of claims 1 to 10 and a plug receiver (16) according to claim 11.

14. A method for adjusting the fiber optic connector (7) according to claim 8 or 9, comprising the following steps: - Align the fiber optic plug (7) and its bundle path (6) relative to the adjustment device (24); - Illuminate the adjustment device (24) with light from the fiber optic plug (7) and adjust the adjustable optical element until light exiting the fiber (1) is provided at the output (9), which is parallel and symmetrical with respect to the beam path (6); as well as - Lock the adjustable optical element in the state adjusted in this way.

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